Portal Frames 26 Constructed from Cold-Formed Steel

www.newsteelconstruction.com Belfast gets university gets campusBelfast Paddington’s iconic fan bridge Cellular solution for Leeds Steel staysSteel cost competitive High rise in Hammersmith rise in High

Vol 23 No 4 April 2015

In this issue

Cover Image Ulster University Belfast City Campus Main client: Ulster University Structural engineer: Mott Macdonald Steelwork contractor: Walter Watson Steel tonnage: 750t

April 2015 Vol 23 No 4

Editor’s comment With construction costs rising despite reports of general inflation falling, amid 5 forecasts of further price rises to come, Editor Nick Barrett reports on a new analysis that says steel will remain the most cost-effective framing solution.

6 News Tata Steel has relaunched its responsibly sourced Asymmetric Slimflor Beams (ASBs). 10 Cost According to the latest industry analysis, structural steelwork remains competitively priced.

Commercial The second phase of an office-led regeneration scheme in west London is nearing 14 completion.

Commercial A cellular design has helped a project in Leeds city centre achieve all of its design 16 requirements. 18 Education Ulster University is in the midst of constructing a new campus in Belfast city centre. 20 Distribution A portal frame was the solution for a distribution centre extension in Stoke. 24 Bridge A spectacular footbridge has been installed as a feature element at Paddington Basin.

Technical The SCI offers advice on the issues to be considered when designing portal frames 26 constructed from cold-formed steel.

50 Years Ago Our look back through the pages of Building with Steel features Lanchester College of 28 Technology in Coventry. 30 BCSA Members 32 Register of Qualified Steelwork Contractors for Bridgeworks

Codes and Standards These and other steelwork articles 34 can be downloaded from the New Steel Construction Website at www.newsteelconstruction.com

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Steel’s performance stays high in low inflation age

News that inflation fell to zero in February for the first time since records began will have come as a pleasant surprise to many, especially those who grew up against a background of runaway inflation driven economic crisis. Construction estimators however will quickly move to warn their marketing departments and their company’s clients that these headline figures bear no resemblance to what is happening to prices in our industry. Those headlines relate to the Consumer Prices Index, which means prices at the supermarket tills are, on average, only at the level of a year ago. Prices for all major construction materials are not behaving anything like that. Nick Barrett - Editor Clear warnings about this can be seen in the Gardiner & Theobald cost analysis that we carry a report on in this month’s issue, and which has also been reported on widely in the construction press. The G&T analysis shows that steel retains the competitive cost advantage over alternative framing solutions that it has enjoyed for over 30 years. This advantage was maintained when prices were rising in the pre credit crisis boom years, was enjoyed by clients during the recession and persists into the current recovery. Steel has proven to be the cost-competitive solution whatever the economic background and whatever is happening to general prices or the prices of other construction materials. Proof of the cost benefits achievable can be seen in the selection of steel for all of the case studies in this issue of NSC, along with a host of other advantages that come for no extra charge. We have a story about a rare 10-storey block in Hammersmith; as a speculatively built office-led regeneration scheme, cost along with speed of construction, flexibility and quality is key to the whole development. With the economic recovery new commercial development is spreading to the regions, with projects like the one we report on in Leeds where re-engineering led to selection of cost-effective cellular beams, also delivering lighter foundations and programme advantages. Ulster University is achieving its sustainability and carbon footprint targets alongside cost benefits with its new BREEAM ‘Excellent’ designed steel-framed campus. Costs are always crucial for the logistics industry and a new distribution centre at Stoke shows why steel commands a share of over 90% of this market. The unique Japanese fan inspired moving bridge at Paddington Basin wasn’t only delivered within budget, but probably couldn’t even have been conceived in anything other than steel. Lower consumer prices aren’t irrelevant for construction activity. Allied to upward pressure on wage rates they mean that the spending power of most people is rising, which will raise the level of economic activity, which in turn feeds through to demand for more projects like shops, cinemas and distribution centres. Whatever the level of demand, steel will remain the cost-effective solution.

EDITOR PUBLISHED BY BCSA AND TATA STEEL, EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Nick Barrett Tel: 01323 422483 IN ASSOCIATION WITH SCI Ms S McCann-Bartlett (Chair); Mr N Barrett; [email protected] Mr D G Brown, SCI; Mr M Crosby; Mr C Dolling, BCSA; DEPUTY EDITOR The British Constructional Steelwork Association Ltd Mr R Gordon; Mr A Palmer, Buro Happold; Martin Cooper Tel: 01892 538191 4 Whitehall Court, Westminster, London SW1A 2ES Mr G H Taylor, Caunton Engineering; [email protected] Telephone 020 7839 8566 Fax 020 7976 1634 Mr M Thompson, Mott MacDonald; CONTRIBUTING EDITOR Website www.steelconstruction.org Mr O Tyler, Wilkinson Eyre Architects Ty Byrd Tel: 01892 553143 Email [email protected] [email protected] The role of the Editorial Advisory Board is to advise PRODUCTION EDITOR Tata Steel on the overall style and content of the magazine. Andrew Pilcher Tel: 01892 553147 PO Box 1, Brigg Road, Scunthorpe, [email protected] North Lincolnshire DN16 1BP New Steel Construction welcomes contributions on PRODUCTION ASSISTANT Telephone 01724 405060 any suitable topics relating to steel construction. Alastair Lloyd Tel: 01892 553145 Website www.tatasteelconstruction.com Publication is at the discretion of the Editor. Views [email protected] Email [email protected] expressed in this publication are not necessarily NEWS REPORTER those of the BCSA, SCI, Tata Steel or the Contract Mike Walter The Steel Construction Institute Publisher. Although care has been taken to ensure COMMERCIAL MANAGER Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7QN that all information contained herein is accurate with Fawad Minhas Tel: 01892 553149 Telephone 01344 636525 Fax 01344 636570 relation to either matters of fact or accepted practice [email protected] Website www.steel-sci.com at the time of publication, the BCSA, SCI, Tata Steel Email [email protected] and the Editor assume no responsibility for any errors or misinterpretations of such information or any loss CONTRACT PUBLISHER & ADVERTISING SALES or damage arising from or related to its use. No part Barrett, Byrd Associates of this publication may be reproduced in any form 7 Linden Close, without the permission of the publishers. Tunbridge Wells, Kent TN4 8HH Telephone 01892 524455 All rights reserved ©2015. ISSN 0968-0098 Website www.barrett-byrd.com

NSC April 2015 5 News

Tata Steel Asymmetric Slimflor® Beams now more accessible

assured project planning. An integral part of the Advance® sections range, ASBs have been specifically designed for use with ComFlor® 225 deep decking to create the Slimdek® system, an engineered solution that offers a service-integrated, minimal depth, cost-effective shallow floor construction ideal for car parks, residential developments, hospitals and commercial buildings where minimising floor depth, and achieving onerous acoustic and vibration criteria are key considerations. Tata Steel Product Marketer, Construction Structures, Mike Hoare said: “We are keen to demonstrate the flexibility that ASBs can offer to construction programmes, with assured availability and shorter lead times.” “ASBs are an essential part of a cost- effective shallow floor solution. The Tata Steel has relaunched its responsibly the ASBs are to be produced to order, project basis from rolling campaigns for composite action, which is assisted by sourced Asymmetric Slimflor® enabling accurate programming for smaller minimum order quantities per the embossed surface on the upper flange Beams (ASBs) making them more construction projects. serial size (>120 tonnes). of the ASB, significantly increases the accessible than ever before, with a Manufactured in the UK to the The combined shorter lead-time, structural strength of the floor.” shorter production time and improved exacting standards required for CE typically 6-8 weeks, along with rollings For support and advice on the use of availability. marked products, and recently certified that cater for smaller quantities, provides ASBs and the Slimdek® system contact: Responding to customer feedback, to BES 6001, ASBs are now available on a customers with greater flexibility for 01724 405060 or visit the website.

Anfield expansion work begins The first steel elements for the £260M the 2015-16 football season, with the redevelopment of Liverpool FC’s famous new roof being completed above the Anfield stadium have been lifted into existing stand. place. Once the stand opens in time for the More than 4,800t of steelwork 2016-17 season work will then begin on will eventually be erected for the expanding the Anfield Road end, taking construction of a new Main Stand which the capacity of the stadium up to nearly will increase the stadium’s capacity to 60,000. 54,000 spectators. Liverpool FC’s Operations Manager The 21,000-seat stand’s steel Andrew Parkinson said: “Progress is on frame is scheduled to be completed by track since December when we started June, with work then starting on the the foundation work. The steel frame construction of the new supporting should take shape very quickly. roof. The steelwork contractor for the Work will then continue throughout project is Severfield.

Upgraded end plate design tool now available

Eurocode tying rules for robustness depth as well as partial depth end plates. Selecting the steel grade and beam size mean that designers need connections This is now available here. generates a set of parameters for a typical that can carry larger tension forces than The software calculates the vertical standard end plate connection. equivalent designs to the former British shear resistance and tying resistance of These parameters (number of bolt Standards. Full depth end plates (rather partial depth and full depth end plate rows, pitch, offset, edge distances, than partial depth end plates) are therefore connections on beams. The design gauge, plate width and thickness) an attractive option. resistances are calculated in accordance may subsequently be changed and the To meet this need, the steel with BS EN 1993-1-8 and the UK National resistances re-calculated. At any stage, construction sector has upgraded its Annex, following the procedures in the re-selecting the beam will generate the flexible end plate design tool to include full ‘Green Book’ (P358). typical connection.

NSC 6 April 2015 News

Steel bridges adorn Royal Mail stamps NEWS IN BRIEF The latest collection of first class stamps from the Royal Mail celebrates advances Two new businesses have been made in UK bridge engineering, launched by Barrett Steel, acknowledges the role steelwork has played in the sector and features two Structural Barrett Materials Handling and Steel Design Award (SSDA) winners. Barrett Specialist Vehicles, which The bridges featured on the stamps the company says is part of its are: Tarr Steps in Exmoor; Cumbria’s Row overall growth strategy. The Bridge; Pulteney Bridge, Bath; Craigellachie company has also created extra Bridge, Moray; Pont Grog y Borth (Menai Suspension Bridge); High Level Bridge, capacity with the addition of two Newcastle-upon-Tyne; Royal Border Bridge, The iconic steel bridge’s tall masts natural boundaries. new tube laser machines and a Berwick-upon-Tweed; Tees Transporter overlap mid-river to form a symbolic Also featured is the Tees Transporter large diameter plasma-cutting Bridge; Humber Bridge and the Peace ‘Handshake’ symbolising the linking Bridge in Middesbrough which opened machine. Bridge, Derry/Londonderry. of two divided communities in Derry/ in 1911 and is the longest remaining Head of Stamps and Collectibles at Londonderry. transporter bridge still in operation Royal Mail Andrew Hammond said: “The With a total length of 2,220m and a anywhere in the world. The Tekla UK Awards, which story of Britain’s engineering genius can central span of 1,410m the Humber Bridge The lattice-steel structure incorporates focus on projects where Tekla be found in its bridges. These new stamps is also featured on one of the stamps. It a pair of cantilevered trusses that span software has been used as a celebrate 10 beautiful and ground-breaking was for many years after its opening in 259m – with a clearance above water of part of the process for designing landmarks that span centuries of our 1981 the longest single-span suspension almost 49m – that are used to carry a and modelling structures, is h i stor y.” bridge in the world. The steel structure, ‘gondola’ across the river. This unique The most recently completed bridge to constructed by a team including Cleveland design – executed by Sir William Arrol & now open for entries. For full appear in the stamp series is the 2012 SSDA Bridge, has captured the imagination with Co. of Glasgow – was economic to construct details on how you can enter winning Peace Bridge that spans Northern its mighty scale, elegant minimal form and and ensured that the crossing would not and for more information on the Ireland’s River Foyle. the fact that it spans one of England’s great interfere with river traffic. awards visit: www.tekla.com/uk/ awards-2015/ Tekla updates BIM software package The company says there are a number said: “After a decade in use, Tekla Structures The Fire and Steel Construction of advancements available with the new continues to further the evolution of BIM webinar held on 12 March version, including better drawing control, from experimental to an essential part of is now available as an online usability and performance. designing, engineering and building of all CPD here. Presented by the Tekla Structures 21 is said to improve types of buildings and structures. industrial and commercial construction “Tekla Structures 21 reduces the British Constructional Steelwork project workflows across construction time between concept and construction Association’s John Dowling the disciplines – delivering benefits to by enabling advanced project team topics covered include: The Software specialist Tekla has launched structural steel designers, detailers and collaboration and productivity, and legislative background to fire Tekla Structures 21, the latest version fabricators. allowing free flowing communication precautions in buildings; types of its Building Information Modelling Risto Räty, Executive Vice President, between all project stakeholders. The end (BIM) software for the engineering and Deputy CEO of Tekla and General Manager result is the efficient design and building of of structural fire protection, construction markets. of Trimble Buildings Structures Division better structures.” trends, costs, advantages and disadvantages; fire testing; Steel supports Mauritian church an Introduction to structural fire engineering as well as REIDsteel and Wessex Galvanizing have “We’re proud to be part of a national a summary of relevant case teamed up to create a lasting legacy for a monument which is set to be visited by place of religious importance in Mauritius. millions of pilgrims in the years to come. In studies. The work involved REIDsteel fabricating Mauritius, you are never far from the coast a two metre high religious cross and lantern so galvanizing was the natural choice, it ISG has commenced work on that was installed at the shrine of French requires little maintenance and it’s protected a £11M project to create a new Catholic Priest and Missionary, Jacques- from all the elements.” National Speedway Stadium and Désiré Laval (known as Père Laval). Wessex Galvanizing Sales Manager Prior to the steelwork being transported Richard Whiddett, said: “It was great to National Basketball Performance to the Indian Ocean island, Wessex partner with REIDsteel once more and a real Centre in Belle Vue, Manchester. Galvanizing were contracted to hot-dip privilege to play a role in such an important Heart of Mary. The 6,000 capacity speedway galvanize the cross and lantern. structure for the people of Mauritius and Père Laval is recognised as a champion stadium will become the home REIDsteel Production and Quality Man- those who visit each year. The project was of the poor and ill in Mauritius, and on of the historic Belle Vue Aces ager Andy Davies said: “We have designed, quite different to our usual work, and really his death in 1864 his grave at the Sainte fabricated and shipped many steel struc- demonstrates the diversity of galvanizing as Croix Church became a place of pilgrimage, team and will feature a 1,842- tures in Mauritius so were pleased to be a finish.” with many people from around the world seat steel-framed grandstand, asked to design and supply the new features The project was commissioned by the still making the journey every year on the including 208 VIP seats. for the shrine dedicated to Père Laval. Society of the Holy Spirit and The Sacred anniversary of his death.

NSC April 2015 7 News

AROUND Severfield expands bridge capacity THE PRESS Steelwork contractor Severfield has Construction News announced the recruitment of a significant 27 February 2015 number of staff from the infrastructure Interview: Irvine Sellar and bridge division of Mabey Bridge in Chepstow. [Referring to the Shard] – The The move is said to underline Severfield’s 87-storey skyscraper is more ongoing strategy to grow and diversify in than just a mixed-use building, expanding markets such as infrastructure. he says – there are plenty of Mabey Bridge announced last year that those about. “It’s a vertical town.” it was winding down its infrastructure and bridge division. New Civil Engineer The new Severfield ‘bridge team’ will 19 March 2015 be based in offices in Chepstow, while all Ten year journey to BIM level manufacturing will be carried out at the three begins company’s Lostock factory. The government has now begun Commenting on the news, Severfield Severfield says it has a strategic aim one in India. a 10-year journey towards BIM3, Chief Executive Officer Ian Lawson said: to grow its existing strong, sustainable Mabey Bridge has over the years which will improve the design “We are delighted to recruit a large number business by increasing operating margins, fabricated and installed a number of of employees from the Mabey Bridge building market share and developing new high-profile bridges including the River process and make it more business. It provides us with a fantastic markets. The company is one of the largest Taff Central Link Bridge in Merthyr Tydfil efficient. opportunity to enhance and expand structural steel businesses operating in (pictured), the Adur Ferry Bridge in our current bridge capabilities which is the UK and in Europe, employing some Shoreham-by-Sea and Workington’s new Bdaily News excellent news for clients.” 1,200 people at four sites in the UK and Northside Bridge. 24 March 2015 Steel frame of £5.6m Doncaster school New high speed drilling line from FICEP development completed two productivity, quality, flexibility, accuracy with very powerful direct drive spindles months into construction and lower production costs. and an automatic tool changer with six Contractors, Wates Construction FICEP says RAPID offers faster drilling positions for each of the spindles. welcomed students to visit the and scribing speeds at minimum cost, The CNC system controls spindle site of a new pioneering £5.6m slotting in any direction, angle heel milling, positioning and feed rates and linear free school in Doncaster to see and other machining features. With the guides with controlled servomotors and the completion of the building’s option of using indexable carbide drilling ball screws ensure maximum precision on tools it allows the machine to be one of the every axis. steel frame. Just 11 weeks after fastest on the market. The RAPID CNC drilling lines are also Wates began constructing the The CNC materials handling system modular and can incorporate scribing, hard new school, which is located Italian steel processing equipment loads the angles on to the conveyor track, stamp marking, single or double shearing next to Keepmoat Stadium on manufacturer FICEP has launched a new which then automatically clamps the or a high-speed circular carbide saw. Stadium Way, the ceremonial CNC high speed drilling line called RAPID. workpiece in position and every process Optional hard stamping CNC marking ‘bolt tightening’ took place. Said to be suitable for angles and then takes place sequentially. units have 8 selectable cassette types, each flats, RAPID is also said to offer high The two drilling heads are equipped one including 13 characters. Construction Enquirer 24 March 2015 short supply in Leeds. Steelwork contractor Leeds Central The 11-storey steel-framed commercial Billington targets 5% margin structure will also accommodate ground Mark Smith, Chief Executive Square kicks off floor retail outlets, restaurants, bars, a gym Officer, said: “For the first time and a public atrium. On the 9th floor there will be a sky garden available to all tenants, in a number of years, each providing views across Leeds. of Billington’s divisions has The project developer says this contributed positively to the new mixed-use destination will attract overall trading performance, members of the public throughout the allowing the Group to look day and evening to enjoy the high quality forward with great optimism public realm, retail and leisure facilities to 2015. While the economy that will be on offer. has not yet returned to pre- With residential dwellings to the east recession levels, the buoyancy and west of the building, tenants of Central and gathering momentum Square will benefit from substantial footfall within the industry is very at all times of the year. encouraging and allows us to Steel construction is due to kick off scheme has been developed in response Working on behalf of Wates Construc- look with optimism at our future on the latest high profile project in the to the market demand for high quality, tion, Elland Steel Structures will erect prospects.” transformation of Leeds city centre. sustainable office space with large approximately 1,900t of steel and install Known as Central Square, the individual floor plates that are currently in 25,000m² of metal decking on the project.

NSC 8 April 2015 News

Newport regeneration in full swing

Steel construction at Newport Friars Walk, complex, a covered mall containing a a project that will transform the South number of two-level retail units and a Wales city centre, is nearing completion basement car park. with more than 6,000t of structural The project team is working towards a steelwork having so far been erected by series of phased handovers – first of which Caunton Engineering. is for Debenhams in July – with the entire The large steel-framed development scheme expected to open in November. consists of a three-storey Debenhams Main contractor for the project is Bowmer department store, a multi-screen cinema & Kirkland. Steel complete for city’s first Grade A offices Leach Structural Steelwork has completed Rectangular in plan, the structure erecting steelwork for a four-storey mixed- features a four-storey section facing the use development in Wolverhampton that will city’s railway station approach road, and an provide the city with its first Grade A offices. interconnected three-storey section at the Forming part of the Wolverhampton back overlooking a new bus station. Interchange development, the steel- Overall, the Wolverhampton Interchange framed structure, which is aiming to development will create a new gateway achieve a BREEAM ‘Excellent’ rating, will to the city, providing a new and modern accommodate ground floor retail units with transportation hub for buses and trains, as offices above. well as retail and office space. Supported on piled foundations, the The first phase of the project saw a new steelwork is based around a regular 7.5m bus station and an adjoining office block grid pattern that gains its stability from completed a few years ago. As well as the moment frames, bracing and a centrally four-storey mixed-use building, this latest positioned lift shaft. phase also includes the refurbishment Cross bracing is located in stairwells, of Wolverhampton railway station, an Councillor Peter Bilson, Wolverhampton “The Interchange is a main gateway to the inside the lift shaft and along one of the extension to the adjoining multi-storey car City Council’s Cabinet Member for city centre and is a strategic regeneration building’s gable ends. park and more office and retail buildings. Economic Regeneration & Prosperity said: priority for the council.” Thames lock project completed with steel galvanizing treatment to the gates 28t of steel. really important that these lock gates are secure and reliable, ECS says, due to the size of the new gates, measuring to ensure that those who spend time on the river have a safe 4.7m in height, 6.2m in width and weighing 7t each, Scottish and enjoyable experience.” Galvanizers was contracted as it is the only galvanizing plant Scottish Galvanizers Customer Service Manager Paul Tait in the UK to have the appropriately-sized headroom facility said: “This was a great project to be involved with especially to accommodate these fabrications. for its high historical and current importance. Galvanizing Once galvanized the steel gates were returned to ECS a structure this big takes careful consideration and due Engineering in Nottinghamshire for installation. diligence, but with the facilities here we were able to coat the New heavy-duty steel gates have been supplied to the ECS Commercial Director Clark Williamson said: “The gates inside and outside with ease. historic Romney Lock on the River Thames by ECS project continues the collaboration between ECS and the Romney Lock was opened in 1797 and the gates Engineering Services. Environment Agency to improve the reliability and safety were originally built of oak. The lock has been rebuilt Sub-contractor Scottish Galvanizers (part of the Wedge of the lock complex on the River Thames, and is similar to several times in the last 200 years and it is now regularly Group) was called upon to provide protective hot dip work carried out at Grafton, Abington and Old Windsor. It’s maintained by the EA.

Diary For SCI events contact Jane Burrell, tel: 01344 636500 email: [email protected]

Tuesday 21 April 2015 Tuesday 28 April 2015 Eurocode 4 for composite Tuesday 19 May 2015 Light Gauge Steel Design Steel Building Design to EC3 construction Portal Frame Design This course introduces the This course will introduce (BS EN 1994-1-1). This course provide in-depth uses and applications of light experienced Steel designers to London. coverage of the major issues gauge steel in construction, the Eurocode provisions for For details click here surrounding the analysis, before explaining in detail the steel Design. design and detailing of portal Tuesday 12 May 2015 methods employed by Bristol. frames. Fabrication Economics Eurocode 3. For details click here Leeds. 1 hour lunchtime webinar Dublin For details click here Tuesday 5 May 2015 free to BCSA and SCI For details click here EC4 Composite Design members, offering an This course will cover the overview of member design design of composite beams in portal frames. and slabs with reference to 1 hour webinar.

NSC April 2015 9 Cost

Steel: the cost competitive solution Prices for all construction materials are rising and fabricated structural steelwork is no exception, despite the background of falls in crude oil and iron ore prices, as Gardiner & Theobald warns in its latest structural steel cost analysis.

aw steel prices have been falling under the influence of world iron ore prices, but raw steel accounts for only between 30% and 40% ofR structural frame costs. Other cost pressures are pushing prices for structural steelwork up from the unsustainable levels of recent years. Steel producers have increased UK sections prices by £20/tonne this year against a background of rising demand and falling material prices, but still depressed margins. Independent researchers Construction Markets have forecast that UK consumption of Building 1 is a typical out-of-town speculative three-storey business park office with a gross internal floor structural steelwork will increase by 9% area of 3,200m2 and rectangular open plan floor space. Cost models were produced for four frame types in 2015, following the 6% rise of 2014. developed by Peter Brett Associates to reflect the typical available framing options; steel composite, steel Gardiner & Theobald (G&T) says further and precast concrete slab, reinforced concrete flat slab and post-tensioned concrete flat slab. manufacturer price rises can be expected in 2015 as demand continues to improve as forecast. G&T has incorporated new price information into an updated cost model used in 2012 for a Cost Comparison study that analysed two typical commercial buildings to provide cost and programme guidance to inform the design and selection of a structural frame (see right). For this update of the cost model G&T increased all general cost items by 2.8% to reflect the final quarter of its 2014 forecast of 6% average tender price inflation for London, and the first quarter of a forecast rise for 2015 of 5%. Frame rates for reinforcing bars, concrete and structural steel have also had increases applied to reflect both recorded and forecast tender price changes in Q1 2015. Main contractor direct costs have also been reviewed to reflect current tendering conditions and Building 2 is an L-shaped eight-storey speculative city centre office building with a gross internal floor increased demand. They also reflect more area of 16,500m2 and a 7.5m × 15m grid. Cost models were developed for a steel cellular composite frame selective contractor tendering, with two and post-tensioned concrete band beam and slab, being two frame and upper floor types that could stage tendering increasingly common 12 economically achieve the required span and building form.

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10  as contractors shy away from single stage Figure 1: Building 1 Cost Model (key costs per m2 GIFA, City of London location) tenders as attitudes to risk transfer harden. Thesteel composite beam and slab Steel Steel + Precast Reinforced Post Tensioned option remains the most competitive for Composite Concrete Slabs Concrete Flat Concrete Flat Building 1, as Figure 1 shows, with the Slab Slab lowest frame and upper floors cost and Substructure £59/m2 £62/m2 £76/m2 £70/m2 lowest total building cost. Figure 2 (Building 2) shows that a Frame and £153/m2 £168/m2 £159/m2 £168/m2 cellular steel composite option has both Upper Floors a lower frame and floor cost and lower Total Building £1,683/m2 £1,713/m2 £1,770/m2 £1,752/m2 total building cost than the post-tensioned concrete band beam option. Substructure costs and roof costs are both lower. A lower 2 floor-to-floor height gives lower external Figure 2: Building 2 Cost Model (key costs per m GIFA, City of London location) envelope costs. Steel Cellular PT Concrete Band Beam and Costs shown in the structural steel frame Composite Slab cost table, Figure 3 (right), reflect tender price rises seen in the last quarter of 2014 Substructure £62/m2 £66/m2 and those expected in the first quarter of Frame and £210/m2 £237/m2 2015. Upper Floors G&T says typical costs are based upon the particular project being attractive to the Total Building £2,095/m2 £2,186/m2 market and the selection of an appropriate procurement route. In overheated market areas G&T warns that care needs to be taken Figure 3: Indicative cost ranges based on GIFA (Q1 2015) with the procurement strategy - if it is not well thought through and doesn’t respond TYPE GIFA Rate (£) GIFA Rate (£) to market conditions, the cost impact on BCIS Index City of individual tenders could be dramatic. 100 London G&T says that a move away from single Frame 1 - low rise, short spans, repetitive grid / 90 - 122/m2 100 - 135m2 stage fixed-price procurement routes, which sections, easy access (Building 1) was seen first in London and the South East in mid-2014, is spreading to the regions, Frame 2 - high rise, long spans, easy access, 140 - 168/m2 155 - 185/m2 partly as the market tries to overcome a repetitive grid (Building 2) shortage of mid-range contractors. Frame 3 - high rise, long spans, complex access, 168 - 190m2 185 - 210/m2 Contractor’s attitudes to risk transfer irregular grid, complex elements and complexity have hardened as pressure on estimating resources has grown with Floor - metal decking and lightweight concrete 50 - 68/m2 55 - 75/m2 the rise in market demand, and as a result topping the number of tenders being submitted for Floor – precast concrete composite floor and 55 - 73/m2 60 - 80/m2 many projects is below what would have topping been expected until recently. The BCIS location factors (produced Fire protection (60 min resistance) 14 - 23/m2 15 - 25/m2 by the Building Cost Information Service Portal frames – low eaves (6-8m) 55 - 73/m2 60 - 80/m2 of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors), reflecting regional differences Portal frames – high eaves (10-13m) 68 - 90/m2 75 - 100/m2 in construction costs, show that the gap between the City of London, the majority of regional cities and the UK mean of 100 has Figure 4: BCIS Location Factors, as 6 February 2015 narrowed as the economic recovery picks up pace across the UK (see Figure 4). Location BCIS Index Location BCIS Index G&T concludes that looking to the City of London 110 Leeds 92 rest of this year and beyond, the forecast increase in demand for construction Nottingham 96 Newcastle 98 across the UK along with increased Birmingham 91 Glasgow 100 wage expectations and rising material prices mean that estimates for projects Manchester 99 Belfast 60 should include substantial allowances for Liverpool 94 Cardiff 100 anticipated inflation.

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14-H-135_INFRA-Intumescent_EN_105x297.indd 1 14.10.14 22:27 Commercial

Forming the second part of a scheme, 12 Hammersmith Grove In the grove is slightly larger than its neighbour, No 10

FACT FILE “Having already designed the first structure 12 Hammersmith Grove, A second steel-framed multi-storey block completes we’ve been able to collate project team London feedback and thereby tweak the design of Main client: an office-led regeneration scheme in west London. No.12 to make it more efficient.” Development Securities Martin Cooper reports. The 10-storey 12 Hammersmith Grove Architect: will offer speculative Grade A office Flanagan Lawrence space, ground floor and mezzanine level Main contractor: he construction of commercial The scheme consists of two similar retail space and a generous double-height Wates Construction developments in the capital is on office blocks adjacent to the Hammersmith entrance foyer. Structural engineer: the increase, a sure sign that the & City Underground station. A Wates Designed by architect Flanagan Pell Frischmann industry as a whole is on the up. Construction-led project team completed Lawrence, the project has been funded Steelwork contractor: T An array of prestigious office schemes 10 Hammersmith Grove in 2013, and the by Scottish Widows Investment Property William Hare Steel tonnage: 2,000t are currently under way in all areas of same companies are now working on the Partnership Trust and is being delivered on central London with a host of others in slightly larger neighbouring No.12 block. the site of a former NCP car park. the offing. In Hammersmith, the second “Both of the building’s designs are of Like its neighbour, 12 Hammersmith and final phase of Development Securities’ the same family, although No.12 has two Grove is a steel-framed composite designed office-led regeneration scheme is close to more stories and larger floorplates,” Pell structure, utilising long-span Fabsec topping out. Frischmann Director Mike Hitchens says. cellular beams throughout for economy and

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to allow the integration of services within the structural void. Two centrally placed cores provide the steel frame with its stability, while the majority of the structural grid follows a 7.5m x 10m pattern throughout the building. This grid also incorporates some longer spans of up to 15m on all floors. To incorporate the 15m long spans, make sure the beams were stiff enough to negate any footfall vibration, and have big enough holes to accept all of the services and thereby keep floor-to-ceiling heights the same, the cellular beams are all 650mm deep sections. They incorporate 450mm diameter service holes and support a metal deck with a 150mm thick slab. “There are very few internal columns, four in total, and this maximises the desired open plan scheme the client desires,” says Wates Construction Project Director Damon Cutler. The reason for the inclusion of four internal columns on each floorplate is because the structure steps back at eighth and ninth floor levels to provide outdoor The steel frame nears terraces. completion Without these internal columns large been remedied onsite,” says William Hare transfer structures would have been Project Director Pat Egan. necessary and they would have interfered Steelwork contractor William Hare with the desired constant floor-to-ceiling began its steel erection programme in heights. October 2014 and completed the job last “Only four internal columns means we month (March). It is due back on site still have clear open plan floorplates along later this summer to install a steel BMU with a lighter and more cost-effective steel (Building Maintenance Unit) and a plant frame,” explains Mr Hitchens. grillage on the building’s roof. In order to achieve a contemporary Prior to the company starting onsite, industrial-like office environment, Wates had completed the enabling works, something which has been incorporated which included the installation of piles to a into the design at 10 Hammersmith Grove, maximum depth of 30m. all of the cellular beams will be left exposed All of the steelwork was erected using The structure features within the completed building. the site’s two tower cranes with two floors clear open plan office spaces Many of No.10’s tenants are media erected at a time before the metal decking companies as this part of west London, was installed. because of its proximity to the BBC studios Both of the scheme’s buildings will in White City, is fast becoming a media eventually share a common service yard, hub. but during construction all steelwork and To attract similar tenants to occupy other deliveries arrives on site from No.10’s No.12 it is considered important to have service yard entrance. this modern design with as much exposed Once the project is complete, this service steelwork as possible. yard access route will be paved over and “That’s not to say tenants have to stick to turned into a pubic realm between the two this design,” adds Mr Cutler. “There is the structures. Access to the shared service yard flexibility that they can always add a false will then be via a new roadway, which is ceiling if they want.” incorporated into the ground floor area of As the beams will be left exposed, No.12. extra care has been taken with the design’s This service road is located within the detailing and connections in order ground floor perimeter columns along two to achieve an aesthetic look, while all elevations. Consequently the floorplate secondary beams are spaced at regular 3.5m for the ground floor is smaller as the office centres. areas above span over the road. Columns “We’ve used a combination of along these two perimeter lines will be intumescent and non-intumescent white encased in concrete for impact security. paint for the beams, because they will be on 12 Hammersmith Grove is due to be view in the completed building. Any minor completed in early 2016, and is aiming to The building occupies a plot adjacent to an handling damage to the coating system has achieve a BREEAM ‘Excellent’ rating. underground station

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On budget with cellular design

façade and conceals a plant deck, while the The latest phase of an on-going commercial development in rooftop of the narrowest part of the wedge accommodates an outdoor terrace for the Leeds has reaped the benefits of using a steel-framed solution topmost offices. incorporating cellular beams. Arup did the original concept design for No.6, and this was then value engineered by the Shepherd Construction-led project team FACT FILE eeds city centre has seen a number site into a prestigious new multi-use quarter to make it as efficient as possible (see above 6 Wellington Place, of changes in recent years as new and so far it has completed one commercial right). Leeds commercial and residential schemes block (10 Wellington Place), started on 6 “By using cellular beams throughout the Main client: MEPC alter the landscape of former Wellington Place, with another building building we’ve made the steel frame lighter Architect: CJCT industrialL sites on either side of the River (No.5) about to kick off in the coming and more cost-effective,” says Shepherd Main contractor: Aire. months. Construction Project Manager Dan Shepherd Construction One such commercial scheme, known All three buildings have different designs Miller. “A lighter frame requires shallower Structural engineer: as Wellington Place, is located five minutes and footprints but one thing they do have in foundations which means we have a quicker Arup walk west of the city centre. Here a number common is that they all have steel frames. programme.” Steelwork contractor: of medium-rise commercial, retail, leisure 6 Wellington Place is a six-storey Prior to Billington Structures starting Billington Structures and residential blocks are planned for a site (including ground floor) structure with its steel erection programme Shepherd had Steel tonnage: 700t once occupied by Leeds Central Station. a basement car park offering 9,600m2 of completed the project’s early works. These The station closed in 1967 and all that Grade A office and retail space. included digging out the basement car park, remains of the site’s transportation heritage The structure is wedge shaped in profile, constructing the concrete retaining walls is a wagon hoist tower, once used to lift with four elevations. From the widest south and installing CFA piled foundations. goods, and the viaduct over the River Aire facing elevation the building tapers down to Two main concrete slip-formed lifts and Leeds and Liverpool canal. the narrowest northern façade. cores, along with three smaller stair cores, Developer MEPC envisages turning the The roof slopes down from the southern provide the steel frame with its stability.

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cell hole across the full width of each floor beam. This Cellular solution ensures the current service requirements are met, and ASD Westok engineers worked closely with Shepherd also provides for maximum flexibility in future-proofing Construction and Billington Structures to value engineer the service needs of the building. the frame. ASD Westok Design Team Leader John Callanan The floor beam solution comprises 11.8m span comments: “This is a very good example of the return Westok floor beams spaced at 3.75m centres. The of the commercial office sector. As we move out of architect had placed a 700mm depth limit on the beams, recession, we’ve noticed a significant upturn in steel- and so Westok provided a minimum 500mm diameter framed office developments.”

Cellular beams have 6 Wellington Place forms part of provided the building a rapidly expanding city centre with services flexibility business and residential scheme

The steel columns begin at basement craneage needed for the steel programme. slab level and a regular grid pattern, based As the majority of the steel frame was around columns spaced at 7.5m and 11.8m erected from within the building’s footprint, centres, extends upwards to roof level. there came a point when the company had A slightly higher floor-to-ceiling height to complete the final grids from outside the of 5.5m is accommodated within the ground footprint. floor, which will house the office entrance The MEWPs gained access onto the foyer and some retail units. Another basement slab via a temporary ramp, but as prominent feature is the centrally positioned the job progressed this had to be removed. full-height atrium that will allow natural This left the MEWPs, which weigh more light to penetrate the building’s inner zones. than 20t each, with no way out other than The majority of the project’s steelwork has being lifted. been erected using the on site tower crane “The MEWPs are very large and were working in conjunction with two MEWPs, chosen for their reach which proved to be each with a 40m-high maximum reach. invaluable during the erection programme, “The only exception was a 6.5t transfer but to get them out of the basement we had beam at first floor level supporting two to use a 220t-capacity mobile crane,” says Mr 24m high, five-storey columns across Higgins. the 10m-wide opening required for the Billington Structures completed the basement car park entrance,” says Billington steel programme in February and, as well Structures Project Manager Dave Higgins. as erecting 700t of steelwork, the company This was the heaviest steel member also installed 3,000m of its easi-edge safety erected for the job and it required Billington barriers and 14,000m2 of metal decking. to bring a 60t-capacity mobile crane to site. 6 Wellington Place is scheduled for The building offers six floors of modern However this wasn’t the largest piece of completion in December. office space

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Steel passes university challenge

Structural steelwork is playing a pivotal role in the construction of Phase one of Ulster University’s new city centre campus.

FACT FILE hase one of Ulster University’s to spark creative debate and innovation Ulster University ambitious plans to move from between disciplines. Belfast City Campus its 1970s suburban Jordanstown Explaining the reason behind the Main client: campus into Belfast city centre is relocation, Ulster University Acting Vice Ulster University Prapidly taking shape. Chancellor Professor Adair says: “The Architect: Fielden By 2018 the university will have Jordanstown campus no longer meets our Clegg Bradley Studios completed its £250M project with three new sustainability and carbon footprint targets so Main contractor: buildings providing 73,000m2 of academic we are relocating to exemplar buildings.” McLaughlin & Harvey space in Belfast’s Scotch and Cathedral “The new campus buildings will act as a Structural engineer: Quarter – an important emerging cultural catalyst for regeneration, as well as reaching Mott MacDonald district. out to the community by being inclusive Steelwork contractor: Project architect Fielden Clegg Bradley with public thoroughfares and amenities.” Walter Watson Studios’ vision for the scheme envisages The initial structure to be built is Steel tonnage: 750t the new campus stitching into the historic known as Block B and straddles the busy fabric of the city to combine social, retail intersection of Great Patrick Street and York and flexible learning spaces around new and Street. It recently topped out and is due to enhanced streets and squares. open this September. It is being built next Aiming to achieve a BREEAM ‘Excellent’ to the university’s existing Belfast School rating the buildings will house six faculties of Architecture, which is currently known positioned one next to another in order as Block 82, although it will be renamed Block A to fit into the overall development programme. Aiming to achieve a BREEAM ‘Excellent’ rating, Block B is an eight-storey steel- framed compositely designed building which will house the University’s School of built environment student and teaching Art Design and the Built Environment. community, and also provides splendid A steel frame best suited the needs for views over Belfast,” says Ulster University this project as it is a utilitarian building Project Director Paul Spray. incorporating a number of flexible teaching Although the cantilevering three-storey spaces,” explains Mott MacDonald Project lantern was the last element of the steel Engineer Derek Burnside. frame to be erected by steelwork contractor Block B is split into a five-storey base Walter Watson, it involved the most that reflects the heights along York Street challenging part of the erection programme. and adjacent Block 82, and topped with a The upper three floors cantilever out by cantilevering three-level studio box/lantern. 1.5m at both the front and rear elevations, The protruding upper space is said to while the eastern elevation overhangs by reflect the new and emerging architecture 10.5m at one end and by 4.5m at the other that is starting to adorn Belfast’s cityscape, end forming a wedge shape. while at the same time harking back to the To form the lantern, storey-high trusses Victorian turrets and towers that many positioned at roof level have been erected - a prominent street corners once had. 10.5m-long and a 4.5m-long truss at each The cantilevering lantern will house the end of the structure with a 7.5m-long truss University’s sculpture, painting and design located half way between the two. The eighth studios. A three-storey void at one end of floor is within the trusses’ depth, while the the lantern will accommodate an exhibition two floors below (6th and 7th) are hung area for student’s work. from the trusses. “The large open-plan adaptable Thetrusses had to be installed in spaces will create a unique and exciting erectable sections, while the upper floors environment for our creative industry and were temporarily braced. As the three Block B occupies a plot on a prominent intersection NSC 18 April 2015 Education

The building is topped by a feature cantilevering three-storey lantern

Floors two, three and four of the building “The large open-plan adaptable will connect into the existing Block 82. spaces will create a unique and These mid-levels combine workshop, studio and office space for the Faculty of the Built exciting environment…” Environment. Although it connects into and is adjacent to an existing building, Block B cantilevering floors are hung and supported is a structurally independent steel-framed from the trusses, the temporary steel was building. It has been erected around a only removed when the floors were complete typical grid pattern of 9.75m × 6m with the and stability guaranteed. steel frame getting its stability from concrete The aim of providing adaptable and lift and stair cores. flexible 21st Century teaching spaces “Beams connect to the cores via shear throughout the building is evident on all connectors and as part of our steel package floors of Block B. we were responsible for the coring and fixing Most of the structure’s teaching floors can of these connectors,” explains Walter Watson Phase two be reconfigured with ease, thereby creating General Manager Structural Division Trevor Phase two of Ulster University’s campus is about to kick off on an areas suitable for specific needs. Irvine. adjacent plot and consists of two more new buildings (Blocks C The lower floors of Block B will “Overall this was a very challenging and D). accommodate a two-level library on the site for us as the building’s footprint takes The two buildings will have eleven and eight storeys ground and first floors, computing suites, up almost the entire site. We have existing respectively and house the Centre for Sustainable Technologies, a student hub housing more adaptable buildings on two sides and busy main roads lecture theatres, exhibition space, eateries and wide circulation teaching spaces, printworks, a sculpture on the other two sides, so bringing materials routes, many of which will be accessible to the general public. department with kilns as well as woodwork to site was difficult and had to be done on a A steel footbridge, spanning York Street, will be erected to and metal workshops. just-in-time basis,” sums up Mr Irvine. connect Phase two with Block B.

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Screwfix is enlarging its current distribution centre Steel supplies DIY merchant

keep up with the demand. One of the country’s leading DIY and building trade suppliers is “Stoke-on-Trent is a great area for distribution because of where it is located. It expanding one of its distribution centres with steel construction. allows us to deliver to stores and customers in Scotland as well as all the way to the FACT FILE uilding work is under way to Trentham Lakes is recognised as a south of the country.” Screwfix Distribution expand Screwfix’s Trentham Lakes premier distribution, industrial, and St Modwen Development Manager Centre, Stoke-on-Trent depot in Stoke-on-Trent. mixed-use business park in Stoke-on-Trent. Euan Lindsay says the expansion had been Main client: Screwfix Screwfix, which is part of the It is home to Stoke City FC’s Britannia planned for years. KingfisherB group, supplies trade tools, Stadium, as well as a hotel, restaurants, car He comments: “It is a very exciting Developer: St Modwen Architect: RPS accessories and hardware products. showrooms, and major distribution and development considering we have been Main contractor: The expansion will double the size of the manufacturing companies. in discussion with the company since Winvic Construction existing facility to approximately 58,500m2; Screwfix Chief Executive Andrew November 2011. Structural engineer: RPS and create more than 100 full-time positions Livingston says: “The current building has “The investment demonstrates the fact Steelwork contractor: as well as safeguarding 421 existing jobs on been here for around a decade and holds that there is a general feeling of economic Caunton Engineering the site. The company has also said a further 40,000 different products. This expansion recovery and we are hopeful this will be a Steel tonnage: 1,270t 200 jobs could be created in the future. allows us to hold more products to help catalyst for other businesses coming here.” Working on behalf of Winvic Construction, (the company that also built the existing depot) Caunton Engineering has supplied 1,270t of structural steelwork for the project, a total that includes 200t of cold rolled steel. The overall steel frame for the extension is a stand-alone structure with its nearest line of columns 3m away from the existing distribution centre. “This means the new steel frame is structurally independent, as it gets stability from its own vertical bracing systems and doesn’t impose any loads on the older building,” says Caunton Engineering Project Designer Colin Winter. The new steel frame cantilevers from its last line of columns to within 50mm of the The structure features existing building, with cladding details then three storeys of mezzanines creating a seamless join between the two

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The portal frames near completion

steel frames and thereby forming one large in a tandem operation. “The investment building. Three bays of the extension demonstrates the In total the extension is 18m high, 246m accommodate three internal mezzanine long and 122m wide. It is a twin propped levels. Two of these compositely formed fact that there is a portal frame with two 61m spans. Perimeter floors cover the entire width of the building, general feeling of columns are spaced at 8.5m centres, while while the third level is slightly smaller and economic recovery internally columns are spaced at 17m, with only covers approximately two-thirds of the every other member omitted in a ‘hit and width. and we are miss’ design configuration. For ease of programme, Caunton hopeful this will “The roof rafters have a heavily Engineering erected the main frame of the be a catalyst for haunched connection and were brought to extension first and then proceeded to install site in 15m lengths,” adds Mr Winter. the mezzanine levels afterwards. other businesses Once bolted into 30m sections two Thedistribution centre is scheduled for coming here.” mobile cranes lifted the rafters into position completion by the end of the year.

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Model showing the steel frame

Portal Frames Dr Richard Henderson of the SCI

n 2014, approximately 45% of the UK consumption of formation of one plastic hinge means that the material is used constructional steelwork in the UK was used in single- more efficiently than for elastic design. storey buildings for industrial, retail and leisure use. In The design of steel portal frames was comprehensively this market sector, portal frames are the most common covered in BS 5950-1 which devoted a whole section to structuralI form in pitched roof buildings. This type of building advice on portal frame design. BS EN 1993-1-1 does not cover is lightweight, structurally efficient and familiar to UK portal frames in such depth; design principles and general designers in both design and detailing. application rules are provided, not detailed and exhaustive The structural form offers flexibility in building design rules. Software packages based on the detailed arrangement and functionality. The basic form of the single- treatment in BS 5950-1 have been used for many years and span pitched portal frame can be easily extended to include this means most computer-designed portal frames are based multiple spans; hit and miss frames to reduce the incidence on BS 5950-1. of internal columns; apex props to reduce fabrication and The SCI is soon to publish a document on portal frames increase the roof area without using valley gutters and to Eurocode 3 which will provide guidance to designers and internal rainwater down pipes; EOT (Electric Overhead assist software developers to write software to carry out Travelling) cranes on runway beams supported on brackets or design verification to BS EN 1993-1-1:2005. lattice columns. Portal frames are continuous structures with rigid joints which are necessary to provide stability in the plane of the structure. This feature differentiates the structural form from that with which engineers are most familiar: namely braced frames of simple construction. In this form of construction, beam-to-column joints are assumed to carry shear only and lateral stability is provided by braced or concrete cores. Portal frames with pinned feet only require two hinges in the frame to form a mechanism in the plane of the frame. This fact means that the plastic design of portal frames is relatively straightforward. Plastic design is efficient where strength is the limiting criterion because redistribution of load after the

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@SCIsteel steel-construction-institute visit our shop www.steel-sci.com Bridge

The bridge in its fan- like open position

Bridgework is steel fan Sumner Edmund Photo:

Since officially opening last year the Merchant Square Footbridge has quickly become a local landmark especially when the spectacular opening occurs.

FACT FILE ocated in west London’s Merchant alongside structural engineers AKT II. and, therefore, it was important for the new Merchant Square Square, a mixed-use waterfront site The bridge replaces a redundant crossing footbridge crossing the canal to enhance Footbridge, London at Paddington basin, a landmark and the project was a planning requirement. the public realm, not only practically but Main client: movable footbridge has recently Inspiration for the fan-like design came visually.” European Land & openedL to the public. from the desire to have an easy to maintain The bridge’s location is near the very end Property The structure has instantly become a structure, one that was not too challenging to of Paddington Basin with only permanently Architect: local icon because when it opens its steel build and which would become a landmark. moored business barges beyond it, so it is Knight Architects deck beams unfurl individually like a The client also wanted a bridge that not expected that the structure will need to Main contractor: Mace Japanese hand fan, presenting onlookers would reflect the quality of the surrounding accommodate through marine traffic. Structural engineer: with a unique event. offices, as well as improving the connectivity However, the Canal & River Trust AKT II Connecting the office buildings that are across the basin. stipulated that bridges in the area should not Steelwork contractor: situated on either side of the Grand Union European Land & Property CEO Richard obstruct any vessel navigation, which is why S H Structures Canal at Merchant Square, the bridge was Banks, said: ‘Bridges are a crucial element of it is necessary that the bridge can be raised. Steel tonnage: 140t designed by Knight Architects working the built environment at Merchant Square Knight Architects Project Architect

Steelwork leaves S H Steel was delivered Structures’ facility to site by barge

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Bart Halaczek, says: “Our competition- winning design concept is both simple and spectacular. A lifting bridge was the only realistic option for this tight footprint as there is no room for pedestrian ramps.” Choosing the correct material for the bridge was an important consideration. The design team says it looked at a number of materials and steel was finally chosen, as it is relatively lightweight and easy to fabricate. Steelwork contractor S H Structures fabricated, supplied and erected the bridgeworks. Five tapered 600mm wide fabricated steel beams form the deck of the structure. Each beam varies in depth and section depending on its position in the opening sequence – although they all span roughly 17m. The beams all operate independently and are attached to a feature counterweight. The opening relies on a pivot point with a bearing at the end of each beam that allows them to be lifted in sequence by a hydraulic ram. “Theaccuracy of the fabrication and installation tolerances were critical to the success of this project so the dimensional

Photo: Edmund Sumner Edmund Photo: control required throughout the build process was of paramount importance,” says S H Structures Sales & Marketing Manager Tim Burton. One of the bridges’s key architectural features are the counterweights which are formed from rolled plate to form ‘blade’ like elements which slowly rotate with the fingers as the bridge is operated and lie flush with ground level when the bridge is fully open. S H Structures says the finish of these elements was critical to the overall aesthetic of the bridge. The counterweights assist the bespoke mechanism that includes hydraulic rams, to reduce the energy required to move the structure. Balustrades, formed from twin rows of inclined stainless steel rods, protect pedestrians using the bridge deck. These handrails contain continuous LED down lighting that both illuminates the Cook Peter Photo: structure’s walking surface and presents a vibrant display of light. The site’s location presented the Controls construction team with a number of Members of the Merchant Square management team open the challenges, especially when it came to bridge every Friday at noon, as well as on special occasions. installing the steelwork. “It’s become a local event and people come along to “Access to the site for deliveries and specifically watch the opening and unfurling of the bridge,” conventional crane operation was not says Mr Halaczek possible which meant that the fabricated It takes approximately three minutes for the bridge to open elements had to be loaded onto a barge and it is operated manually from a control unit positioned on further up the canal and then towed to site a stainless steel plinth 15m away for installation,” explains Mr Burton. from the bridge. “Lifting operations were restricted to Behind the bridge there is a pit the use of a barge-mounted crane that only for the hydraulic rams, while in an had limited capacity, so the installation was adjacent car park there is a facility challenging but in the end went very well.” for the structure’s pumping gear.

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Design of cold- formed portal frames David Brown of the SCI discusses some of the issues to be considered when designing portal frames constructed from cold-formed steel.

Background Connection flexibility Though apparently simple, all portal frames exhibit challenging Typically, eaves and apex connections in cold-formed portals forms of structural behaviour, including second-order effects and are detailed with a steel plate sandwiched between the two reversing combinations of loading. back to-back channel sections. The channel sections are bolted Portal frames constructed from cold-formed steel members through the plate, or screwed to the plate. Because the channel (typically back-to-back C sections, less than approximately 3 sections are thin, (and the plate between may be thin) there mm thickness) have additional effects from flexible connections is considerable deformation of the material under load, which at the eaves and apex. Many such frames are provided for the results in very significant connection flexibility. agricultural sector and are designed to BS 5502-221. Frames Connection flexibility has been investigated by several designed to this Standard fall outside the Building Regulations researchers, including Lim and Nethercot in 20025. Lim and and are not subject to any independent checks (the situation in Nethercot note that there will be considerable redistribution of Scotland may be different). bending moment around the frame as a result of the connection Cold-formed steelwork may be particularly attractive for flexibility. modest span frames, being lightweight, accurately produced Lim and Nethercot provide a dramatic illustration of the effect on numerically controlled machinery, requiring no welding and of connection flexibility by providing results for the vertical producing a cost-effective solution. Some suppliers are able to deflection at the ridge, for the two frames they studied. Figure 1 provide designs, details, (including cladding, doors, windows etc), is a representation of Figure 11 from Lim and Nethercot, showing a complete material listing, manufacturing information and a final apex deflection. cost immediately a structural outline is conceived. When cold-formed portal frames first made a significant 300

appearance in the UK, the technology was largely imported 250 from Australia, incorporating many of the cross-sectional profiles and details. Preliminary investigations by SCI in 1996 led to an 200 article in New Steel Construction2, pointing out the very significant 150 concerns with merely transferring designs from Australia to the

UK. De ection (mm) 100 In the winter of 2009-2010, a number of structures in Scotland 50 collapsed under snow loading. Confidential reports indicate over 400 agricultural buildings collapsed. OneEngineer with extensive 0 experience in the design and construction of agricultural Frame A Frame B buildings commented: Rigid Joints Flexible Joints Figure 1: Apex deflection “All of the snow affected buildings which I have seen have had problems of compression or lateral torsional buckling failure or In Figure 1, the deflection coloured black is the deflection distress of either the rafter, the rafter haunch bottom flange or assuming a rigid frame. The deflection coloured gold is the the inside flange of the upper section of the Columns. Attention to deflection due to bolt-hole deformation – in effect the flexibility detailing in these areas, particularly with respect to web/morris of the connection. In Frame A, the apex deflection assuming rigid stiffeners, rafter and side rails stays, which give designed torsional joints is approximately 45 mm. When the effects of connection buckling stability to the rafters and columns require highlighting flexibility are added, the deflection increases to approximately to the agricultural steel frame supply industry.” 260 mm. In order to examine the effects of connection flexibility on the Public resources from 2011 reported that over the previous bending moments around the frame, and on in-plane stability, two winters, 4000 buildings collapsed under the weight of SCI modelled Frame A (tested by Lim and Nethercot), under the snow3. In 2013, the insurer, NFU Mutual, noted in April 2013 same loading, with identical member stiffness. The connection that the collapses were split about 50:50 between modern flexibility was also modelled and calibrated against the test farm buildings and more traditional farm buildings.4 NFU results. mutual also commented that “there is an ongoing concern that the specifications that are in place for farm roofs are good Connection flexibility and bending moment enough”. There is nothing in these comments to indicate cold- Modelling Frame A with rigid joints produces an apex deflection formed portals are particularly badly designed; the same good of 42 mm. This seems to correspond well with Figure 1. engineering is required for all structures. With rigid joints, the bending moment diagram is shown in Figure 2.

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4.29 The amplification = = 1.3 101 44 4.29 - 1 52 Applying this amplifier to the bending moments shown in Figure 3, the design bending moments are shown in Figure 4.

98 103 114

Figure 2: Bending moment diagram with rigid joints (kNm)

When the connection flexibility is allowed for, the deflection at the apex was 234 mm. This seems to correspond reasonably well References with Figure 1. 1 BS5502-22 Accounting for connection flexibility, the bending moment Figure 4: Amplified bending moment diagram with flexible joints (kNm) Buildings and strictures diagram is shown in Figure 3. for agriculture – Part 22: Allowing for connection flexibility has increased the design Code of practice of design, moment in the sagging zone from 52 kNm to 110 kNm. Allowing construction and loading. for the connection flexibility has resulted in a frame where 79 BSI, 2013 76 second-order effects are very significant; these are small enough 84 to be ignored if rigid joints are assumed. 2 Brown, D. G. Cold-rolled portal frames Member verification New Steel Construction, All member verifications are carried out between restraints. Unless May 2006 these are specifically provided for, it cannot be assumed that the 3 http://www.stackyard. inside flange is restrained. Purlin and side rail positions on the com/news/2011/04/ outside flange cannot be assumed to provide restraint to the buildings/01_snow_ Figure 3: Bending moment diagram with flexible joints (kNm) inside flange. collapse.html

4 http://www.yorkshirepost. With flexible joints, the maximum sagging moment has increased Conclusions co.uk/news/rural/farming/ by 60%. This is not the final design moment, because as will be 1. Connection flexibility must be allowed for in design. The insurer-counting-the- seen in the next section, second-order effects become significant bending moment diagram changes dramatically, with the cost-of-farm-building- and the bending moments shown in Figure 3 must be amplified potential that members are verified for only 50% of the design roof-collapses-1-5586285 to allow for this effect. moment. The apex joint is likely to experience a moment around twice that predicted by a rigid frame analysis. In the Lim 5 Lim, J. B. P. and Connection flexibility and in-plane stability and Nethercot study, the frames failed at the apex joint, which Nethercot, D. A. The assessment of in-plane stability followed the procedure given had a resistance higher than required for a rigid-jointed frame. Design and development in Eurocode 3 and the in-plane stability of portal frames6. 2. Connection flexibility must be allowed for when assessing in- of a general cold-formed plane stability. Connection flexibility will reduce the in-plane steel portal framing Rigid joints stability significantly. In the frame considered in this article, the system With rigid joints, the lateral deflection at the top of the column assessment of the frame changed from apparently very stiff (αcr The Structural Engineer, was 0.74 mm = 15.3) to one where second-order effects are very significant November 2002 (αcr = 4.29) 3000 6 Lim, J. B. P. et al Thus α = = 20.2 3. The member verification checks must be compatible with the Eurocode 3 and the in- cr 200 × 0.74 actual details of restraint. It is not appropriate to assume that plane stability of portal No base stiffness was considered in this calculation, as the every purlin or rail provides restraint to the inside flange, unless frames typical details are considered to be pinned. such restraints (straps, braces or other detail) are provided and The Structural Engineer,

Ncr was calculated to be 772 kN. From the analysis, Ned = 40 kN. installed. November 2005 40 Thus α = 0.8 1 × 20.2 = 15.3 cr,est [ 772 ] Search for Advisory Desk articles on Because is greater than 10, second-order effects are small αcr newsteelconstruction.com enough to be ignored; no amplification is necessary. Use the search bar at the top of every page of newsteelconstruction.com to search out Advisory Desk articles by name, number or subject, or list them (most recent Flexible joints first) by hovering over Technical in the main menu and selecting Advisory Desk from With flexible joints, the lateral deflection at the top of the column the resulting pop-up menu. was 2.65 mm 3000 Thus α = = 5.66 cr 200 × 2.65

40 Thus α = 0.8 1 × 5.66 = 4.29 cr,est [ 772 ]

Because αcr is less than 10, second-order effects must be allowed for.

NSC April 2015 27 50 YearsAgo

FROM BUILDING WITH STEEL MARCH 1965

Lanchester College of Technology

The Lanchester College of Technology, buildings, lying close to the cathedral, park below and dining room above on Coventry, named after F. W. Lanchester require to be of a quiet and dignified the top floor. In general the principal the famous local engineer and motor expression but also truly representative stanchions lie just within the external car designer, has considerably grown of technology. walls and the beams extend outwards to and broadened its horizons since 1958, In order to achieve a coherence of carry horizontal channels to which the 8 following the increased national emphasis design between the two college buildings in. by 5½ in. steel joist mullions are fixed on advanced technical education. The and 80-in planning module has already at 6 ft. 8 in. centres. These also serve to College occupies an important urban been adopted elsewhere on the site and carry the steel glazing and pressed steel position in the centre of the town close expressed as vertical steel joint mullions. sandwich infill panels fixed to the rear to the east side of the new Cathedral and, These factors led to the investigation flange by means of stud bolts welded on when completed, will constitute a major of using steelwork and precast concrete before delivery to the site. part of an interesting educational and floors in the construction of the two The hall is spanned by inverted Warren civic precinct, which includes the Central last buildings and, when impartially girders at 20-ft. centres. The beech slat Swimming Baths, an Art College, and considered on costs relative to other finish of the ceiling follows the contours Art Gallery and Museum. forms of construction, it was found that of the underside of the trusses, thereby The earlier building phases of the a steel frame offered the most economic increasing the area of natural lighting. college have concentrated on providing solution. The mezzanine floor is suspended teaching, laboratory and workshop The Students’ Union building (Block between the upper ground floor and the accommodation in four buildings on the E) contains the main assembly hall of the first floor to contain the lavatory facilities site. The last phase has been concerned College, the Students’ Union offices and for the dining and common rooms. with the provision of two buildings, the College dining rooms and kitchens. Block F houses the administrative one housing the Students’ Union and Structurally, the principal requirement offices in addition to the 6,000 sq. ft. the other the administration and main was for a clear span hall measuring 60 library on the ground floor and a raked lecture theatre for the College. These two ft. by 106 ft. by 22 ft. high, with car lecture theatre on the first floor, rising

NSC 28 April 2015 50 Years Ago

above the roof: it seats 276 persons. In beam which is situated on the plinth wall are fixed. Externally, the steelwork was this block the steel frame is carried from round all sides of the building. cleaned and given one coat of red lead internal stanchions to the external steel The lecture theatre was constructed primer, in addition to the manufacturer’s joist mullions, again at 6 ft. 8 in. centres, in 20-ft bays with cambered castellated primer, and finished with two coats of oil which also serve to support the steel beams spanning 60 ft. - the splayed paint. glazing fixed in the manner described shape of the auditorium being attained The architect for this project was earlier. In order to avoid the problems by building up blockwork walls within Arthur Ling, b.a., f.r.i.b.a., m.t.p.i., then involved in taking the external steelwork this framework. Large steel raking joists City Architect and Planning Officer; and into the ground, the mullions have been carry transverse angles for the support the consultant engineer was Granville stopped off just below the suspended of permanent steel shuttering for the Berry, m.inst.c.e, m.inst.mun.e, a.m.i.w.e, ground floor and tied back to a perimeter in-situ concrete tiering to which the seats City Engineer and Surveyor. The ‘Sunday Times’ builds in Steel In 1937 a steel frame building for the Daily An interesting feature is the way in which Sketch was constructed in Gray’s Inn Road, steel has been employed to give a clear London. It was erected only up to second span in the basement housing the 30-ft. floor level, with allowance for the addition of high presses. There is, in fact, a clear span four more storeys at a future date. The war of 69 ft. To achieve the necessary strength brought the scheme abruptly to a halt. the upper floors are carried on 30 plate Subsequently Thomson Newspapers girders 59 in. deep each weighing 25 tons. acquired the property and in 1960 decided There is a complete absence of stanchions, to complete the building by adding five so allowing the presses with their conveyors storeys instead of four allowed for in the and switch-gear to be installed in straight original scheme. This was accomplished lines, without the need for manoeuvring by reducing the superimposed floor around roof supports. loading, through employing lighter forms of As mentioned earlier, the design of construction and making use of the higher the building differs completely from that stresses now accepted. The weight of the originally planned. It was felt that the time steelwork involved in this part of the scheme had come to make the curtain walling much is in the region of 650 tons. more interesting than in the past. This was The design of the original structure was of made by a leading window manufacturer a traditional nature, which was abandoned and ‘mock-ups’ were carefully studied at when the work was recommenced. It was, their works before commencing production. however, necessary to follow up the original Glass with a sealed copper backing was stanchion lines, which one would have used for finishes and set in aluminium preferred to avoid had it been possible. frames. Black granite panels set in similar The difficulty was overcome by carrying the frames were selected in lower parts of the curtain walling outside the stanchions so building to give contrast to the area above. they do not appear on the exterior except Around the top is a parapet of coloured at ground level. plastic coated steel.

NSC April 2015 29 ListingsListings

Steelwork contractors for buildings Membership of BCSA is open to any Steelwork Contractor who has a fabrication facility within the United Kingdom or Republic of Ireland. Details of BCSA membership and services can be obtained from Gillian Mitchell MBE, Deputy Director General, BCSA, 4 Whitehall Court, London SW1A 2ES Tel: 020 7747 8121 Email: [email protected]

Applicants may be registered in one or more Buildings category to undertake the fabrication and the responsibility for any Notes design and erection of: (1) Contracts which are primarily steelwork but which may include C Heavy industrial platework for plant structures, bunkers, Q Specialist fabrication services (eg bending, cellular/ associated works. The steelwork contract hoppers, silos etc castellated beams, plate girders) value for which a company is pre-qualified D High rise buildings (offices etc over 15 storeys) R Refurbishment under the Scheme is intended to give E Large span portals (over 30m) S Lighter fabrications including fire escapes, ladders and guidance on the size of steelwork contract F Medium/small span portals (up to 30m) and low rise catwalks that can be undertaken; where a project buildings (up to 4 storeys) lasts longer than a year, the value is the G Medium rise buildings (from 5 to 15 storeys) FPC Factory Production Control certification to BS EN 1090-1 proportion of the steelwork contract to be H Large span trusswork (over 20m) 1 – Execution Class 1 undertaken within a 12 month period. J Tubular steelwork where tubular construction forms a major 2 – Execution Class 2 part of the structure 3 – Execution Class 3 Where an asterisk (*) appears against any K Towers and masts 4 – Execution Class 4 company’s classification number, this indicates L Architectural steelwork for staircases, balconies, canopies etc QM Quality management certification to ISO 9001 that the assets required for this classification M Frames for machinery, supports for plant and conveyors SCM Steel Construction Sustainability Charter level are those of the parent company. N Large grandstands and stadia (over 5000 persons) (l = Gold, l = Silver, l = Member)

Company name Tel C D E F G H J K L M N Q R S QM FPC SCM Guide Contract Value (1) A C Bacon Engineering Ltd 01953 850611 l l l 2 Up to £2,000,000 A & J Stead Ltd 01653 693742 l l l l l l 2 Up to £100,000 Access Design & Engineering 01642 245151 l l l l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £4,000,000 Adey Steel Ltd 01509 556677 l l l l l l l l ✔ 3 ● Up to £2,000,000 Adstone Construction Ltd 01905 794561 l l l l ✔ 2 ● Up to £3,000,000 Advanced Fabrications Poyle Ltd 01753 653617 l l l l l l l l 2 Up to £800,000 AJ Engineering & Construction Services Ltd 01309 671919 l l l l l l ✔ 4 Up to £1,400,000 AKD Contracts Ltd 01322 312203 l l l l l 2 Up to £100,000 Angle Ring Company Ltd 0121 557 7241 l ✔ 4 Up to £1,400,000 Apex Steel Structures Ltd 01268 660828 l l l l l l l 2 Up to £1,400,000 Arminhall Engineering Ltd 01799 524510 l l l l l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £400,000 Arromax Structures Ltd 01623 747466 l l l l l l l l l l l l 2 Up to £800,000 ASA Steel Structures Ltd 01782 566366 l l l l l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £800,000 ASD Westok Ltd 0113 205 5270 l ✔ 4 Up to £6,000,000 ASME Engineering Ltd 020 8966 7150 l l l l l l ✔ 3 ● Up to £1,400,000 Atlasco Constructional Engineers Ltd 01782 564711 l l l l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £1,400,000 Austin-Divall Fabrications Ltd 01903 721950 l l l l l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £800,000 B D Structures Ltd 01942 817770 l l l l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £800,000 Ballykine Structural Engineers Ltd 028 9756 2560 l l l l l l ✔ 4 Up to £1,400,000 Barnshaw Section Benders Ltd 01902 880848 l ✔ 4 Up to £1,400,000 BHC Ltd 01555 840006 l l l l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 Above £6,000,000 Billington Structures Ltd 01226 340666 l l l l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 ● Above £6,000,000 Border Steelwork Structures Ltd 01228 548744 l l l l l l 2 Up to £3,000,000 Bourne Construction Engineering Ltd 01202 746666 l l l l l l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 ● Above £6,000,000 Briton Fabricators Ltd 0115 963 2901 l l l l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 Up to £3,000,000 Builders Beams Ltd 01227 863770 l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £1,400,000 Cairnhill Structures Ltd 01236 449393 l l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 ● Up to £3,000,000 Caunton Engineering Ltd 01773 531111 l l l l l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 ● Up to £6,000,000 Cleveland Bridge UK Ltd 01325 381188 l l l l l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 ● Above £6,000,000* CMF Ltd 020 8844 0940 l l l l l l ✔ 4 Up to £6,000,000 Cook Fabrications Ltd 01303 893011 l l l l l 2 Up to £800,000 Coventry Construction Ltd 024 7646 4484 l l l l l l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £800,000 D H Structures Ltd 01785 246269 l l l l 2 Up to £100,000 Duggan Steel Ltd 00 353 29 70072 l l l l l l l ✔ 4 Up to £4,000,000 ECS Engineering Services Ltd 01773 860001 l l l l l l l l l l l ✔ 3 Up to £2,000,000 Elland Steel Structures Ltd 01422 380262 l l l l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 ● Up to £6,000,000 EvadX Ltd 01745 336413 l l l l l l l l l ✔ 2 ● Up to £3,000,000 Four Bay Structures Ltd 01603 758141 l l l l l l 2 Up to £1,400,000 Fox Bros Engineering Ltd 00 353 53 942 1677 l l l l l l l 2 Up to £2,000,000 Gorge Fabrications Ltd 0121 522 5770 l l l l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £800,000 Gregg & Patterson (Engineers) Ltd 028 9061 8131 l l l l l l l ✔ 3 Up to £2,000,000 H Young Structures Ltd 01953 601881 l l l l l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £2,000,000 Had Fab Ltd 01875 611711 l l l l l ✔ 4 Up to £3,000,000 Hambleton Steel Ltd 01748 810598 l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 ● Up to £2,000,000 Harry Marsh (Engineers) Ltd 0191 510 9797 l l l l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £1,400,000 Hescott Engineering Company Ltd 01324 556610 l l l l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £3,000,000 Company name Tel C D E F G H J K L M N Q R S QM FPC SCM Guide Contract Value (1)

NSC 30 April 2015 ListingsListings

Company name Tel C D E F G H J K L M N Q R S QM FPC SCM Guide Contract Value (1) Intersteels Ltd 01322 337766 l l l l l ✔ 3 Up to £2,000,000 J & A Plant Ltd 01942 713511 l l l 2 Up to £200,000 James Killelea & Co Ltd 01706 229411 l l l l l l l 4 Up to £6,000,000* John Reid & Sons (Strucsteel) Ltd 01202 483333 l l l l l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 Up to £6,000,000 Kiernan Structural Steel Ltd 00 353 43 334 1445 l l l l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 ● Up to £3,000,000 Leach Structural Steelwork Ltd 01995 640133 l l l l l l ✔ 2 ● Up to £4,000,000 Legge Steel (Fabrications) Ltd 01592 205320 l l l l l l l l 3 Up to £400,000 Luxtrade Ltd 01902 353182 l l l ✔ 2 Up to £800,000 M Hasson & Sons Ltd 028 2957 1281 l l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 Up to £2,000,000 M J Patch Structures Ltd 01275 333431 l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £800,000 M&S Engineering Ltd 01461 40111 l l l l l l 2 Up to £1,400,000 Mabey Bridge Ltd 01291 623801 l l l l l l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 ● Above £6,000,000 Mackay Steelwork & Cladding Ltd 01862 843910 l l l l l l l ✔ 4 Up to £800,000 Maldon Marine Ltd 01621 859000 l l l l l l ✔ 3 Up to £1,400,000 Mifflin Construction Ltd 01568 613311 l l l l l l 2 Up to £3,000,000 Murphy International Ltd 00 353 45 431384 l l l l l ✔ 4 Up to £1,400,000 Newbridge Engineering Ltd 01429 866722 l l l l l l l ✔ 3 Up to £1,400,000 Nusteel Structures Ltd 01303 268112 l l l l ✔ 4 Up to £4,000,000 Overdale Construction Services Ltd 01656 729229 l l l l l l 2 Up to £400,000 Painter Brothers Ltd 01432 374400 l l l ✔ 2 ● Up to £6,000,000 Pencro Structural Engineering Ltd 028 9335 2886 l l l l l l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £2,000,000 Peter Marshall (Steel Stairs) Ltd 0113 307 6730 l l ✔ 2 Up to £800,000* PMS Fabrications Ltd 01228 599090 l l l l l l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £1,400,000 R S Engineering SW Ltd 01752 844511 l l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £100,000 Rippin Ltd 01383 518610 l l l l l l l 2 Up to £1,400,000 S H Structures Ltd 01977 681931 l l l l l ✔ 4 ● Up to £3,000,000 SDM Fabrication Ltd 01354 660895 l l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 Up to £800,000 Severfield plc 01845 577896 l l l l l l l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 ● Above £6,000,000 Shaun Hodgson Engineering Ltd 01553 766499 l l l l l l l ✔ 3 Up to £800,000 Shipley Structures Ltd 01400 251480 l l l l l l l l l 2 Up to £1,400,000 Snashall Steel Fabrications Ltd 01300 345588 l l l l l l l 2 Up to £1,400,000 South Durham Structures Ltd 01388 777350 l l l l l l l 2 Up to £800,000 Southern Fabrications (Sussex) Ltd 01243 649000 l l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £800,000 Temple Mill Fabrications Ltd 01623 741720 l l l l l l l ✔ 2 Up to £200,000 Traditional Structures Ltd 01922 414172 l l l l l l l l l l ✔ 2 ● Up to £2,000,000 TSI Structures Ltd 01603 720031 l l l l 2 Up to £1,400,000 Tubecon 01226 345261 l l l l l l ✔ 4 ● Above £6,000,000* W & H Steel & Roofing Systems Ltd 00 353 56 444 1855 l l l l l l l 4 Up to £2,000,000 W I G Engineering Ltd 01869 320515 l l l ✔ 2 Up to £200,000 Walter Watson Ltd 028 4377 8711 l l l l l l ✔ 4 Up to £6,000,000 Westbury Park Engineering Ltd 01373 825500 l l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 Up to £800,000 William Haley Engineering Ltd 01278 760591 l l l l l l l ✔ 4 ● Up to £4,000,000 William Hare Ltd 0161 609 0000 l l l l l l l l l l l l l l ✔ 4 ● Above £6,000,000 Company name Tel C D E F G H J K L M N Q R S QM FPC SCM Guide Contract Value (1)

Corporate Members Corporate Members are clients, professional offices, educational establishments etc which support the development of national specifications, quality, fabrication and erection techniques, overall industry efficiency and good practice.

Company name Tel Company name Tel Balfour Beatty Utility Solutions Ltd 01332 661491 PTS (TQM) Ltd 01785 250706 Bluefin Group 020 3040 6723 Roger Pope Associates 01752 263636 Griffiths & Armour 0151 236 5656 Sandberg LLP 020 7565 7000 Highways England Company Ltd 08457 504030 SUM Ltd 0113 242 7390 Kier Construction Ltd 01767 640111 Welding Quality Management Services Ltd 00 353 87 295 5335

NSC April 2015 31 Listings

Associate Members Associate Members are those principal companies involved in the direct supply to all or some Members of components, materials or products. Associate member companies must have a registered office within the United Kingdom or Republic of Ireland.

1 Structural components 8 Steel stockholders CE CE Marking compliant, SCM Steel Construction Sustainability 2 Computer software 9 Structural fasteners where relevant: Charter 3 Design services M manufacturer l = Gold, l = Silver, l = Member 4 Steel producers (products CE Marked) 5 Manufacturing equipment D/I distributor/importer 6 Protective systems (systems comply with the CPR) 7 Safety systems N/A CPR not applicable

Company name Tel 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CE SCM Company name Tel 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CE SCM AceCad Software Ltd 01332 545800 l N/A Cellbeam Ltd 01937 840600 l M Albion Sections Ltd 0121 553 1877 l M Cellshield Ltd 01937 840600 l N/A Arcelor Mittal Distribution - Scunthorpe 01724 810810 l D/I Cleveland Steel & Tubes Ltd 01845 577789 l M ASD metal services 0113 254 0711 l D/I CMC (UK) Ltd 029 2089 5260 l D/I Ayrshire Metal Products (Daventry) Ltd 01327 300990 l M Composite Profiles UK Ltd 01202 659237 l D/I BAPP Group Ltd 01226 383824 l M Cooper & Turner Ltd 0114 256 0057 l M Barrett Steel Services Limited 01274 682281 l D/I Cutmaster Machines (UK) Ltd 01226 707865 l N/A Behringer Ltd 01296 668259 l Daver Steels Ltd 0114 261 1999 l M BW Industries Ltd 01262 400088 l M Duggan Profiles & Steel Service Centre Ltd 00 353 56 7722485 l l M

Steelwork contractors for bridgeworks The Register of Qualified Steelwork Contractors Scheme for Bridgeworks (RQSC) is open to any Steelwork Contractor who has a fabrication facility within the European Union.

Applicants may be registered in one or more category to undertake the fabrication and the responsibility for any design and erection of: FG Footbridge and sign gantries AS Ancilliary structures in steel associated with bridges, Notes (1) Contracts which are primarily steelwork but which PG Bridges made principally from plate girders footbridges or sign gantries (eg grillages, purpose-made may include associated works. The steelwork contract TW Bridges made principally from trusswork temporary works) value for which a company is pre-qualified under the BA Bridges with stiffened complex platework QM Quality management certification to ISO 9001 Scheme is intended to give guidance on the size of (eg in decks, box girders or arch boxes) steelwork contract that can be undertaken; where CM Cable-supported bridges (eg cable-stayed or FPC Factory Production Control certification to BS EN 1090-1 a project lasts longer than a year, the value is the suspension) and other major structures 1 – Execution Class 1 2 – Execution Class 2 proportion of the steelwork contract to be undertaken (eg 100 metre span) 3 – Execution Class 3 4 – Execution Class 4 within a 12 month period. Where an asterisk (*) appears against any company’s classification MB Moving bridges SCM Steel Construction Sustainability Charter number, this indicates that the assets required for this classification RF Bridge refurbishment (l = Gold, l = Silver, l = Member) level are those of the parent company.

NHSS (1) BCSA steelwork contractor member Tel FG PG TW BA CM MB RF AS QM FPC 19A 20 SCM Guide Contract Value Briton Fabricators Ltd 0115 963 2901 l l l l l l l l ✓ 4 ✓ Up to £3,000,000 Cairnhill Structures Ltd 01236 449393 l l l l l l ✓ 4 l Up to £3,000,000 Cleveland Bridge UK Ltd 01325 381188 l l l l l l l l ✓ 4 ✓ ✓ l Above £6,000,000* Four-Tees Engineers Ltd 01489 885899 l l l l l l l ✓ 3 ✓ l Up to £2,000,000 Kiernan Structural Steel Ltd 00 353 43 334 1445 l l l l ✓ 4 l Up to £3,000,000 Mabey Bridge Ltd 01291 623801 l l l l l l l l ✓ 4 ✓ ✓ l Above £6,000,000 Millar Callaghan Engineering Services Ltd 01294 217711 l l l ✓ 4 Up to £800,000 Murphy International Ltd 00 353 45 431384 l l l l ✓ 4 Up to £1,400,000 Nusteel Structures Ltd 01303 268112 l l l l l l l l ✓ 4 ✓ ✓ Up to £4,000,000 Painter Brothers Ltd 01432 374400 l l l ✓ 2 l Up to £6,000,000 S H Structures Ltd 01977 681931 l l l l l l ✓ 4 ✓ l Up to £3,000,000 Severfield (UK) Ltd 01204 699999 l l l l l l l l ✓ 4 ✓ l Above £6,000,000 Non-BCSA member Allerton Steel Ltd 01609 774471 l l l l l ✓ 4 ✓ Up to £4,000,000 Centregreat Engineering Ltd 029 2046 5683 l l l l l l l ✓ 4 Up to £400,000 Cimolai SpA 01223 350876 l l l l l l l l ✓ 4 Above £6,000,000 Concrete & Timber Services Ltd 01484 606416 l l l l l l l ✓ 4 l Up to £800,000 Donyal Engineering Ltd 01207 270909 l l l ✓ 3 ✓ l Up to £1,400,000 Francis & Lewis International Ltd 01452 722200 l l ✓ 2 ✓ l Up to £2,000,000 Harland & Wolff Heavy Industries Ltd 028 9045 8456 l l l l l l l ✓ 3 Up to £2,000,000 IHC Engineering (UK) Ltd 01773 861734 l l ✓ 3 ✓ Up to £400,000 Interserve Construction Ltd 0121 344 4888 l l ✓ 3 Above £6,000,000* Interserve Construction Ltd 020 8311 5500 l l l l l l l ✓ 3 Above £6,000,000* Lanarkshire Welding Company Ltd 01698 264271 l l l l l l l l ✓ 4 ✓ l Up to £2,000,000 P C Richardson & Co (Middlesbrough) Ltd 01642 714791 l l l ✓ N/A Up to £3,000,000

NSC 32 April 2015 Listings

Company name Tel 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CE SCM Company name Tel 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 CE SCM easi-edge Ltd 01777 870901 l N/A l Murray Plate Group Ltd 0161 866 0266 l D/I Fabsec Ltd 0845 094 2530 l N/A National Tube Stockholders Ltd 01845 577440 l D/I FabTrol Systems UK Ltd 01274 590865 l N/A Peddinghaus Corporation UK Ltd 01952 200377 l N/A Ficep (UK) Ltd 01942 223530 l N/A PPG Performance Coatings UK Ltd 01773 814520 l N/A FLI Structures 01452 722200 l M l Prodeck-Fixing Ltd 01278 780586 l D/I Forward Protective Coatings Ltd 01623 748323 l N/A Rainham Steel Co Ltd 01708 522311 l D/I Goodwin Steel Castings Ltd 01782 220000 l N/A Sherwin-Williams Protective & Marine Coatings 01204 521771 l M l Graitec UK Ltd 0844 543 8888 l N/A Sika Ltd 01707 384444 l M Hadley Group Ltd 0121 555 1342 l M l Simpson Strong-Tie 01827 255600 l M Hempel UK Ltd 01633 874024 l N/A Structural Metal Decks Ltd 01202 718898 l M l Highland Metals Ltd 01343 548855 l N/A Tata Steel 01724 404040 l M Hilti (GB) Ltd 0800 886100 l M Tata Steel Distribution UK & Ireland 01902 484000 l D/I Hi-Span Ltd 01953 603081 l M l Tata Steel Ireland Service Centre 028 9266 0747 l D/I International Paint Ltd 0191 469 6111 l N/A l Tata Steel Service Centre Dublin 00 353 1 405 0300 l D/I Jack Tighe Ltd 01302 880360 l N/A Tata Steel Tubes 01536 402121 l M Jamestown Cladding & Profiling Ltd 00 353 45 434288 l M Tata Steel UK Panels & Profiles 0845 3088330 l M John Parker & Sons Ltd 01227 783200 l l D/I Tekla (UK) Ltd 0113 307 1200 l N/A Joseph Ash Galvanizing 01246 854650 l N/A Tension Control Bolts Ltd 01948 667700 l l M Jotun Paints (Europe) Ltd 01724 400000 l N/A voestalpine Metsec plc 0121 601 6000 l M l Kaltenbach Ltd 01234 213201 l N/A Wedge Group Galvanizing Ltd 01909 486384 l N/A Kingspan Structural Products 01944 712000 l M l Yamazaki Mazak UK Ltd 01905 755755 l N/A Lindapter International 01274 521444 l M

NSC April 2015 33 Codes & Standards

New and revised codes & standards From BSI Updates March 2015

BS EN PUBLICATIONS NSCPUBLISHED DOCUMENTS goesBRITISH STANDARDSdigital UNDER BS ISO 4986:2010 REVIEW Steel castings. Magnetic particle BS EN 10293:2015 PD CEN ISO/TR 14745:2015 inspection Steel castings. Steel castings for Welding. Post-weld heat treatment BS EN ISO 2566-1:1999 general engineering uses parameters for steels Steel. Conversion of elongation BS ISO 4987:2010 Supersedes BS EN 10293:2005 No current standard is superseded values. Carbon and low alloy steels Steel castings. Liquid penetrant inspection BS EN ISO 2566-2:2001 How to read Steel. Conversion of elongation BS IMPLEMENTATIONS SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS NSC online values. Austenitic steels NEW WORK STARTED BS ISO 4997:2015 NA to BS EN 1993-1- BS EN ISO 11666:2010 Go to Cold-reduced carbon steel sheet of 1:2005+A1:2014 www.newsteelconstruction.comEN 1090-2 Non-destructive testing of welds. structural quality National Annex to Eurocode 3: Execution of steel structures and Ultrasonic testing. Acceptance levels Click on the image of the front Supersedes BS ISO 4997:2007 Design of steel structures. General coveraluminium near the top structures. of the right Technical rules and rules for buildings BS EN ISO 17640:2010 column.requirements And there itfor is. steel structures Comments for the above document Non-destructive testing of welds. Will supersede BS EN 1090- are required by 27th March 2015 Ultrasonic testing. Techniques, 2:2008+A1:2011 Contact: Keely Andrews testing levels and assessment Email: [email protected] CB/203

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