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"Dalian Natolu": Local Democracy of the Mandailing Batak Community

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Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 524 Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Character Education (ICCE 2020) "Dalian Natolu": Local Democracy of the Mandailing Batak Community Chandra Fhutu Neva1*, Triyanto2, Winarno3 1Graduate Student of Citizenship Education, Sebelas Maret University 2Lecturer of Postgraduate Citizenship Education, Sebelas Maret University 3Lecturer of Postgraduate Citizenship Education, Sebelas Maret University 1*[email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT Culture is often interpreted as an obstacle to the progress of democracy in parts of Indonesia, even though the stigma occurs due to the inability to live in harmony between local wisdom and government democracy. It is the influence of globalization that has an impact on local wisdom where each generation experiences a decrease in the value and understanding of its own regional culture. It is also possible that the democracy desired by the government is reversed with the running of the local wisdom desired by the Mandailing people. The Mandailing people use their local wisdom as a tool of democracy which is called "Dalian Natolu". The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the "Dalian Natolu" system in the democratic process of the Mandailing people. This research was conducted in Kampung Lama, Langgapayung, South Labuhanbatu, North Sumatra. The method that researchers use in this research is a descriptive qualitative method with a purposive sampling technique. The research subjects were the customary chief of Mandailing (Raja) and the prime minister (Rakkaya). The data collection techniques used were observation and interviews. The data analysis technique used is to reduce data, present data, draw conclusions, and verify data. The results show that the role of local wisdom "Dalian Natolu" in the democratic process in the Mandailing community plays a role in filling empty spaces in democratic development such as reducing the occurrence of conflicts as a result of political contestation, this can be seen in the changes in the distribution of economic resources and achieving the goal of democracy, namely the welfare of the people. Keywords: Dalian Natolu, Mandailing Society, Democracy 1. INTRODUCTION people who live in urban areas and must be Culture is perhaps one of the able to adapt old local wisdom to the most subtle of the concepts that hinder the conditions they live in now [2]. category of transparency and analytic By the mandate of the Constitution consistency. To some extent, culture is a of the Republic of Indonesia fourth Alenia, marker of difference, replenishing an it is formulated that "society is led by ensemble of collective routines. For others, wisdom in deliberation/representation" this culture is only the effect of which illustrates how important democracy differentiation, the boundaries of which are is to the state and its people to achieve unreasonably drawn from dualisms such as common prosperity. However, mature self-others, us-them, here-there, and West- today the democracy that the government Oriental[1]. wants is reversed with the passage of local An Adult now, Often culture is wisdom desired by the Mandailing people. interpreted as an obstacle for certain the Mandailing community uses its local groups because it is considered to wisdom as a democratic tool to elect their eliminate a sense of comfort, for example, respective regional leaders. The ongoing democracy. Perhaps the biggest problem democratic style within the Mandailing humans face these days is the inability to community has changed the direction of live in harmony together. Using local the environment that the government wisdom becomes a separate ability for hopes for. Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press SARL. This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license -http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. 43 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 524 Democracy that developed in indigenous system of Dalian Natolu, the South Labuhanbatu, North Sumatra, for local democracy of the Mandailing example, no longer follows election community, will be able to fill the empty elements as mandated in the Law that the spaces in the development of Indonesia's principle of election must have the democratic. principle of LUBER JURDIL (direct, The purpose of this study is general, free, confidential, honest and fair). expected to determine the role of the For the Mandailing community, Dalian "Dalian Natolu" system in the democratic Natolu is a principle inherent in the process of the Mandailing people. The cultural customs of the Batak people in benefits of this research are lifting and general, including the Mandailing preserving the cultural values of the community in South Labuhanbatu. Dalian Mandailing Batak community. Then as an Natolu can be said to be a kinship system effort to encourage students to contribute that is built based on very strong blood more in applying the knowledge they have. ties. Dalian Natolu's kinship system is not only used to fill customary spaces, in fact, 2. METHOD this kinship system can penetrate in terms The qualitative research was of economic distribution, distribution of conducted in Kampung Lama political positions and can also maneuver Langgapayung, South Labuhanbatu, North in political contestation. Sumatra from March to July 2020. Data It's not fair if we confront it collection techniques used observation and directly between Dalian Natolu's kinship interviews. Interviews were conducted with the democratic system which will with the Chief of Customs (Raja) and the ultimately undermine the main objective of Prime Minister (Rakkaya) of Mandailing the consolidation of democracy. It is Kampung Lama Langgapayung. They are possible, by using this kinship system, the Fatah Yasin Harahap and Andak Wahid consolidation of democracy in the Siregar as Raja and Rakkaya. Observations Mandailing community is more acceptable were made during the last 2019 election amid the unstable foundation of democracy activities and other community events development in Indonesia. On the other where the vital role they expressed seemed hand, arguments may arise that the system to be a separate mandate for the of democracy which has been glorified so community. The data validity test used far is good in the administration of data triangulation and method regional government, it is destroying the triangulation. The technique of taking cultural system that has long been cared research subjects with a purposive for by the Mandailing Batak people. To sampling amounted to two people as key borrow a term used by Haris[3] that the informants and other literacy materials. process of consolidating democracy in And data analysis techniques with a step- Indonesia presents political battles by-step procedure, involving many parties, both from local political elites who carry carriages of local 3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION wisdom as political movements as well as 3.1. The history of Dalian Natolu political elites who want to take advantage In the Mandailing Batak culture, of existing political spaces. the concept of attachment and trust is This is what is interesting for us to closely related to the concept of Dalian examine with a positive perspective that Natolu. The beliefs of the Mandailing the consolidation of democracy must people were not as strong as the beliefs of provide its own spaces for the existence of the Toba Batak, which were all related to customs or local wisdom which previously mysticism. developed. With high hopes that the 44 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 524 Many myths have existed since the 3.2. Culture and Tradition in the existence of the Batak community or Democratic Process group, starting from their belief in Mula The attachment of the Indonesian Jadi Nabolon which they believe to guide people to the culture and traditions that their daily lives. This belief was first they carry out until now has emerged believed and believed by the Toba Batak earlier than the Unitary State of the people to worship. In this understanding, if Republic of Indonesia. Traditional we look at it from a traditional perspective, communities have their way of then this concept becomes a social heritage determining or electing regional heads / tradition passed down by the Toba Batak tribal heads. The democratic process that people. takes place in their midst is called the The concept of dalian natolu plural of indigenous peoples. developed in the Toba Batak community The government uses democracy as with the Mandailing community is slightly a forum for people who want to elect their different. if we refer based on the leaders both on the scale of village head principles of belief and belief. The elections to head of state elections. The Mandailing community always prioritizes purpose of this democracy is to lead to the each culture and tradition so that it is no realization of good governance as aspired different and by the Qur'an and Hadith in the mandate of the constitutional law of because the majority of the Mandailing the Indonesian state. people since the beginning of the Batak The role that the government gives community, have embraced the teachings in accommodating its citizens in a of the Islamic religion. democracy is sometimes in contact with Dalian Natolu the Mandailing customary values, so what happens in an community initially digest that there are area results in vertical and horizontal three important points from birth to death, conflicts which sometimes can still be such as life, blood, and flesh. These three reconciled but sometimes cannot be important elements, if described, have the dammed and what happens is violence that meaning of the unity of the human body cannot be controlled. Such incidents created by the creator for his servant [4] should be used as evaluation material for Of the three elements that have the government so as not to forget the been embedded in humans, the Mandailing traditional values that have long been community has three main foundations in present amid in these communities.
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