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Öffentliche Ordnung in Kaschmir Dissens Und Gewalt in Gilgit-Baltistan

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Öffentliche Ordnung in Kaschmir Dissens Und Gewalt in Gilgit-Baltistan Pakistan Öffentliche Ordnung in Kaschmir Dissens und Gewalt in Gilgit-Baltistan Kaswar Klasra Das Gebiet von Gilgit-Baltistan im von Pakistan verwalteten Teil von Kaschmir ist in Sachen Rechtsordnung und Verfassungsrang seit jeher umstritten. Der Mangel an gesetzlichen Grundrechten hat im Laufe der Jahre Menschenrechtsverletzungen begünstigt. Derzeit werden über hundert Aktivist(inn)en wegen Aufruhrs angeklagt, weil sie mehr Selbstbestimmung im umstrittenen Gebiet gefordert haben. Einen Einblick in ein kaum bekanntes Terrain gewährt der Autor. ie Mehrheit der Bevölkerung in te 2018 zugestehen, dass die Reichweite scher Handlungen und Flucht vor einem Gilgit-Baltistan wünscht sich seiner Entscheidungen an der Grenze zu Gerichtsverfahren. Es handelte sich um das Territorium als eigenstän- Gilgit-Baltistan endet. ein für Terror-Fälle eingerichtetes Son- Ddige fünfte Provinz. Sie sind das War- dergericht mit eingeschränkten Verfah- ten auf eine Gesamtlösung für Kaschmir Klima der Angst rensrechten. angesichts der starren Fronten auf Sei- ten Pakistans und Indiens leid. Sie ver- Laut Bericht von Human Rights Watch Baba Jan, ein politischer Aktivist in Gil- langen staatsbürgerliche Rechte wie für behindert ein Klima der Angst die Be- git-Baltistan und Gründungsmitglied andere Bürger/-innen Pakistans. Natür- richterstattung über das Gebiet, etwa der linken Awami Workers Party (AWP), lich befürchtet die Regierung Pakistans, über Missbrauch durch staatliche Sicher- wurde 2018 zu lebenslanger Haft verur- dass eine Entkopplung von Gilgit-Balti- heitskräfte und militante Gruppen. Laut teilt, weil er die Regierung aufgefordert stan von Gesamtkaschmir seine völker- Studie des UN Hochkommissariats für hatte, Vertriebene nach einem Erdrutsch rechtliche Position in der Kaschmir-Fra- Menschenrechte (OHCHR) vom Juni zu entschädigen. Er hatte den Protest or- ge gegenüber Indien gefährden könnte. 2018 werden Journalist(inn)en bei der ganisiert, der gewalttätig wurde und zu Der von minderen Rechten und Men- Ausübung ihrer beruflichen Tätigkeit in seiner Verhaftung nach dem Anti-Terror- schenrechtsverletzungen gekennzeich- diesem Gebiet massiv bedroht. Demnach Gesetz führte. International prominente nete Alltag ist der lokalen Bevölkerung setzen Behörden Medien unter Druck, Persönlichkeiten wie Noam Chomsky, aber näher und bedeutsamer. um die Berichterstattung über Kritik an der britische Aktivist Tariq Ali oder der der Justiz, staatlichen Institutionen und Anthropologe David Graeber hatten sich Zum Status Projekten zu vermeiden, etwa am Chi- für seine Freilassung eingesetzt. Im Fe- na-Pakistan Economic Corridor-Projekt. bruar 2018 verhaftete die Polizei Ehsan Die Vereinten Nationen erachten die Laut OHCHR würden Journalist(inn) Ali, der Baba Jan vor Gericht anwaltlich fortdauernde Besetzung des Gebiets en zusehends Selbstzensur praktizierten vertreten hatte. durch Pakistan als Verstoß gegen Reso- und wären auch Angriffen militanter lution 28 von 1949 durch die United Na- Gruppen ausgesetzt. Aus dem Englischen übersetzt und tions Commission for India and Pakistan bearbeitet von Theodor Rathgeber (UNCIP). Gilgit-Baltistan ist von seinem In mehreren Fällen blockierten Regu- innerstaatlichen Rang her keine Provinz lierungsbehörden Betreiber von Rund- Zum Autor und hat einen lediglich eingeschränk- funknetzen, die kritische Programme Kaswar Klasra ist ten bundesstaatlichen Status. Die Re- ausgestrahlt hatten. Selbst das Hochla- Journalist und Mit- form am Status unter Premierminister den von Bildern, Videos oder Posts in glied des Netzwerks Nawaz Sharif 2018 hat der parlamen- sozialen Medien kann gefährlich wer- der sogenannten 101 tarischen Versammlung in Gilgit-Balti- den. Nach Angaben des Ausschusses Reporters. stan zwar mehr Befugnisse eingeräumt, zum Schutz von Journalist(inn)en (CPJ) Gilgit-Baltistan bleibt jedoch unter der verurteilte ein Gericht in Gilgit-Baltistan direkten Entscheidungsmacht der Zen- im Mai 2018 den Journalisten Shabbir Literaturhinweis tralregierung (President’s Rule). Selbst Siham in Abwesenheit zu 22 Jahren Ge- Der Originalbeitrag erschien am 28. August der Oberste Gerichtshof Pakistans muss- fängnis wegen Diffamierung, terroristi- 2019 beim Nachrichtenportal Asia Times. 84 | Südasien 4/2019.
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