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Patrons De Biodiversité À L'échelle Globale Chez Les Dinoflagellés

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'I5&)6?6HM78&>9&17IC7;J&SAFZ,ZWH0!0323&68!5&6(67&[?)!>)!H6=16MM!Q!L%281)! ! !!!!!!!!!;&%)13)?%!>)!3DE=)! ! ! ! "#$%&#'!()!*+,+-,*+./! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Remerciements* ! Remerciements* A!l'issue!de!ce!travail!de!recherche!et!de!sa!rédaction,!j’ai!la!preuve!que!la!thèse!est!loin!d'être!un!travail! solitaire.! En! effet,! je! n'aurais! jamais! pu! réaliser! ce! travail! doctoral! sans! le! soutien! d'un! grand! nombre! de! personnes!dont!l’amitié,!la!générosité,!la!bonne!humeur%et%l'intérêt%manifestés%à%l'égard%de%ma%recherche%m'ont% permis!de!progresser!dans!cette!phase!délicate!de!«!l'apprentiGchercheur!».! ! En!premier!lieu,&je&tiens&à&remercier&mes!directeurs!de!thèse,!M.!Colomban!de!Vargas,!pour!la!confiance! qu'il!m'a!accordée!en!me!proposant!une!thèse!au!sein!de!son!laboratoire!et!M.! Raffaele!Siano!qui!a! accepté! d'encadrer!ce!travail!doctoral.!Merci!pour!vos!multiples!conseils!et!pour! le! temps! que! vous! m’avez! consacré.! Merci!Colomban!de!m'avoir!laissé!parcourir!les!océans,!et!pour!ta!très!grande!ouverture!d’esprit.!Tu!m’as!offert! un!très!beau!sujet!de!recherche,!et!beaucoup!de!liberté.!J'aimerais!vous!dire"à"tous!les!deux!à!quel!point!j’ai! apprécié!les!importants!moyens!que!vous!avez!su!mettre!à!ma!disposition!pour!que!mon!travail!soit!le!plus!riche! et!le!plus!ambitieux!possible.!J’ai!conscience!de!la!chance!que!vous!m’avez!donnée.!Enfin,!j’ai!été!extrêmement% sensible'à'vos!qualités!humaines!d'écoute!et!de!compréhension!tout!au!long!de!ce!travail!doctoral.!Merci.! Je# souhaiterais# exprimer# ma# gratitude# à# messieurs# Etienne# Bourgois,# Philippe# Clais# et# Romain# Troublé# pour%m’avoir%donné%l’envie%de!poursuivre,!de!réaliser!une!thèse,!et!fourni!l’opportunité!de!réaliser!un!petit!bout! de! mes! rêves! d’enfant! sur! le! bateau! Tara.! Je! remercie! également! toute! l’équipe! de! Tara! expéditions! dans! le! bureau!à!Paris!pour%son%accueil%chaleureux%à%chaque%fois%que%j'ai%sollicité"son"aide,"ainsi"que"pour!ses!multiples! encouragements.!Merci!mes!amis.!Je!vous!donne!rendezGvous!très!vite!pour!de!nouveaux!projets!toujours!plus! ambitieux!autour!du!monde.! ! Mes$remerciements$vont$également$à$M.!Lars!Stemmann!et!Mme!Marina!Montresor!d’avoir&accepté&de& participer( à( ce( jury( de( thèse.( Je( suis! infiniment! gré! à" Mme.! Rowena! Stern! d’avoir( accepté( la( fonction( de( rapporteur.)De)même,)je)suis)particulièrement)reconnaissant)à)M.!Jan!Pawlowski!de!l’intérêt!qu’il!a"manifesté"à" l’égard!de!cette"recherche"en"s’engageant"à"être"rapporteur.!M.!Alban!Ramette,!M.!Rodolphe!Lemée!et!Mme! Laure!Guillou!je!vous!remercie!d’avoir!accepter!d’évaluer!mon!travail!tout!au!long!de!ma!thèse!et!d’avoir!su!me! remettre! sur! le! bon! chemin! quand! il! le! fallait.! Je! tiens! à! remercier! Bernard! Kloareg! directeur! de! la! station! biologique,!et!François!Lallier,!directeur!de!l’UMR!7144!pour!leur!accueil.! ^! Je!remercie!la!région!Bretagne!et!l’université!Paris!6!Pierre!et!Marie!Curie,!au!travers!de!son!président!M.! JeanGCharles!Pomerol,!qui!ont!financé'cette'thèse.! Mon! travail! de! recherche! sur! le! terrain! a! été! particulièrement! facilité( par( le! soutien! financier! de! l’entreprise!agnès!b.!(financeur!majoritaire!de!l’expédition!Tara!Oceans)!et!de!ses!partenaires.!Je"tiens"à"exprimer! tout! particulièrement! ma! reconnaissance! aux! marins! avec! qui! j’ai! parcouru! plus! de! 11! 000! kilomètres.! Hervé! Bourmaud!(Capitaine)!pour!m'avoir!toujours!fait!confiance!et!initié!à!la!navigation!hauturière,!merci!pour!tous! ces!merveilleux!souvenirs.!Loïc!Valette!(Capitaine)!pour!m'avoir!accueilli!très!chaleureusement!à!bord!pour!un! long!périple!dans!le!Pacifique!Nord!;!ainsi!que!pour!ta!confiance!et!l'intérêt!que!tu!as!manifesté,"visGàGvis!de!mon! travail.!Julien!Girardot!(Cuistographe)!pour!ta!bonne!humeur,!ton!énergie!débordante,!tes!bons!petits!plats!et!tes! précieux!conseils!photo.!Daniel!Cron,!mon!DaniGDanou!(Chef!mécanicien),!le!mécano!le!plus!farceur!et!drôle!que! je!connaisse,!tes!déhanchés!me!manquent!déjà!!!François!Noël,!Le!Vieux!(Chef!mécanicien),!véritable!McGyver! de!tous!les!temps!qui!a!toujours!su!trouver!une!solution!et!a!sauvé!bon!nombre!de!nos!échantillonnages.!Vincent! Le!Pennec!(Second!Capitaine)!pour!nos!escapades!dans!les!hauteurs!marquisiennes,!c’est!vrai!tu!es!le!digne!fils! de!Hulk!!!Martin!Herteau!(Marin)!pour!nos!fousGrires!en!cabine!à!San!Diego!;!Baptiste!Bernard!(Mousse),!dit!Le! Jeune,!pour!tes!18!ans!inoubliables!au!milieu!du!Pacifique,!ta!bonne!humeur!à!bord!;!et!bien!entendu!François! Aurat! (Marin)! pour! nos! virées! en! Zodiac! et! le! plaisir! partagé! de! faire! de! belles! images.! Alain! Giese! (Second! Capitaine),!merci!d’avoir!partagé!un!coin!de!ton!bureau!climatisé!avec!moi,!de!m’avoir!fait!rêver!devant!tes!récits! et!tes!images!de!Tuiga.!Céline!Blanchard!(Cuisinière),!merci!pour!tes!petits!plats!et!ta!gentillesse,!et!encore!bravo! pour! avoir! su! garder! des! semaines! durant! des! fruits! et! des! légumes! dans! nos! assiettes.! Sibylle! d’Orgeval! (Journaliste),!je!nous!revois!aux!Gambier!photographier!les!enfants,!les!interviewer,!plonger!sur!les!récifs!parmi! ! ! Noan!Le!Bescot! ! ! Remerciements!—!I! Remerciements* ! les!requins!ou!encore!parcourir!les!montagnes!marquisiennes,!de!grands!et!beaux!moments.!Yann!Chavance! (Journaliste),!je!me!souviens!de!notre!départ!impatient!de!San!Diego,!parmi!les!baleines!à!bosse!et!les!loutres!de! mer,!ou!encore!de!notre!virée!en!zodiac!au!large!de!Clipperton,!et!enfin!de!notre!admiration!face!aux!portes! d’écluse!du!Canal!de!Panama.!Je!garderai!longtemps!le!souvenir!de!ces!heures!passées!à"contempler!l’océan!à! vos!côtés.!Merci!à!tous.!Bon!vent!!! Bien!entendu!je!n’oublie!pas!mes!nombreux!collègues!scientifiques!et!amis!qui!ont!foulé!des!jours!durant! le!pont!de!Tara!à!mes!côtés,!partagé!ma!vie,!les!joies!et!les!galères!de!la!science!en!mer.!Francesca!Benzoni,! Emmanuel!Reynaud,!Fabrice!Not,!Gabriele!Procaccini!(Chefs!de!mission)!je!vous!remercie!pour!votre!confiance,! toutes! les! heures! de! discussion! et! d’échanges! très! enrichissants! que! nous! avons! eu! autour! de! la! stratégie! d’échantillonnage.! Francesca,! Gabriele,! ce! petit! air! d’Italie! me! manque!!! Manu,! on! repart! quant! en! mission!?! D’autres! cultures,! d’autres! lieux,! sont! sans! aucun! doute! à! découvrir,! à! préserver! et! à! imager!!! Sarah! Searson! (ingénieur!de!pont),!ma!néoGzélandaise!préférée,!que!de!bons!souvenirs!et!de!bon!temps!passés!à!tes!côtés!sur!la! plage! arrière! de! Tara! ou! à! terre.! Mon! bracelet! jaune! fluo! est! toujours! bien! accroché! à! mon! poignet.! Merci! beaucoup!pour!ta!confiance,!ta!patience!et!ton!immense!gentillesse.!Éric!Beirot,!je!n’oublierai!pas!ton!humour!et! ton!port!du!slip!(de!bain)!de!si!tôt!!!Claudio!Stalder,!je!nous!revois!parcourant!les!Gambier!à!la!recherche!de! foraminifères,!en!compagnie!de!Cornelia!Maier!tous!deux!toujours!volontaires!et!souriants.!Éric!Roettinger,!mon! mentor!en!photographie!animalière,!ton!talent!est!égal!à!ta!pédagogie,!à!ta!patience!et!à!ta!gentillesse.!Grâce!à! toi!je!sais!aujourd’hui!comment!tailler!le!portrait!du!petit!peuple!des!océans.!Que!de!bons!souvenirs!en!plongée! à!tes!côtés,!à!chasser!ces!petits!êtres!si!fascinants!ou!encore!pendant!nos!longues!nuits!à!les!photographier!sur!le! pont! arrière.! Francesca,! merci! de! m’avoir! pris! sous! ton! aile! et! fait! confiance! pour! cette! inoubliable! mission.! Mathieu!Oriot,!notre!responsable!plongée!mais!aussi!marin,!nous!avons!passé!de!sacrés!bons!moments!à!parler! science!ou!à!naviguer.!Nous!avons!imaginé!pas!mal!de!choses!pendant!nos!quarts,!en!zodiac!ou!encore!dans!la! cabine!et!tu!en!as!concrétisé!certains,!bravo!et!bonne!chance!pour!la!suite!!! Fabrizio!d’Ortenzo,!Pierre!Testor!les!deux!amis!passionnés!qui!manient!comme!personne!l’art!de!planer! sous!l’eau!ou!plus!exactement!de!faire!planer!un!petit!sousGmarin!jaune!au!milieu!de!l’océan.!Merci!pour!nos! riches!échanges!scientifiques!sur!la!structure!des!océans!et!l’adrénaline!de!la!chasse!pour!aller!repêcher!votre! petit! protégé.! Hervé! Le! Goff! dit! Astérix,! sacré! bidouilleur! électronicien! qui! m’a! bien! aidé! dans! nos! galères! informatiques! mais! aussi! et! surtout! sur! le! pont! pour! échantillonner.! Manu! encore! une! fois! merci! pour! ton! soutien! et! tes! belles! images! de! mes! filets.! Sophie! Nicaud,! ta! bonne! humeur! et! tes! précieux! coups! de! main! pendant!les!stations!furent!déterminants.!Bravo!pour!le!petit!récit!que!tu!en!as!fait!à!ton!retour.!Steffi!KandelsG Lewis,!je!nous!revois!au!coucher!du!soleil!à!Fakarava!jouant!avec!les!reflets!sur!l’eau!ou!encore!sur!le!roof!de!Tara!
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