DOCSLIB.ORG

Scrippsiella Trochoidea (F.Stein) A.R.Loebl

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Scrippsiella Trochoidea (F.Stein) A.R.Loebl MOLECULAR DIVERSITY AND PHYLOGENY OF THE CALCAREOUS DINOPHYTES (THORACOSPHAERACEAE, PERIDINIALES) Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) der Fakultät für Biologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München zur Begutachtung vorgelegt von Sylvia Söhner München, im Februar 2013 Erster Gutachter: PD Dr. Marc Gottschling Zweiter Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Susanne Renner Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 06. Juni 2013 “IF THERE IS LIFE ON MARS, IT MAY BE DISAPPOINTINGLY ORDINARY COMPARED TO SOME BIZARRE EARTHLINGS.” Geoff McFadden 1999, NATURE 1 !"#$%&'(&)'*!%*!+! +"!,-"!'-.&/%)$"-"!0'* 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 2& ")3*'4$%/5%6%*!+1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 7! 8,#$0)"!0'*+&9&6"*,+)-08!+ 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 :! 5%*%-"$&0*!-'/,)!0'* 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 ;! "#$!%"&'(!)*+&,!-!"#$!'./+,#(0$1$!2! './+,#(0$1$!-!3+*,#+4+).014!1/'!3+4$0&41*!041%%.5.01".+/! 67! './+,#(0$1$!-!/&"*.".+/!1/'!4.5$%"(4$! 68! ./!5+0&%!-!"#$!"#+*10+%,#1$*10$1$! 69! "#+*10+%,#1$*10$1$!-!5+%%.4!1/'!$:"1/"!'.;$*%."(! 6<! 3+4$0&41*!,#(4+)$/(!-!0#144$/)$!1/'!0#1/0$! 6=! 1.3%!+5!"#$!"#$%.%! 62! /0+),++0'* 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111<=! "#$!>1%.%!5+*!>.+4+).014!%"&'.$%!-!5.$4'?+*@! 86! ./0*$1%./)!@/+?4$')$!+5!'.;$*%."(!-!/$?!%,$0.$%!1/'!4.;./)!5+%%.4%! 88! 041*.5(./)!"1:+/+3(!-!>1*0+'./)!1/'!0*(,".0!%,$0.$%! 8<! ./0*$1%./)!'1"1!1;1.41>.4."(!-!.3,*+;./)!1,,*+10#$%!5+*!>$""$*!0+/04&%.+/%! 8=! $0+!&'(&"##-%>0"!0'*+111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111112=! !"#$%&'(&(05,-%+ 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111112<! $0!%-"!,-% 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111122! "88%*/0? 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111@A! ,1,$*!6!A,&>4.01".+/B! ,1,$*!8!A31/&%0*.,"B! ,1,$*!9!A,&>4.01".+/B! ,1,$*!<!A,&>4.01".+/B! ,1,$*!C!A,&>4.01".+/B! ,1,$*!=!A,&>4.01".+/B! 2 3 SATURATORY DECLARATION ERKLÄRUNG Diese Dissertation wurde im Sinne von §12 der Promotionsordnung von Herrn PD Dr. Marc Gottschling betreut. Ich, Sylvia Söhner, erkläre hiermit, dass die Dissertation nicht ganz oder in wesentlichen Teilen einer anderen Prüfungskommission vorgelegt worden ist und dass ich mich nicht anderweitig einer DoktorPrüfung ohne Erfolg unterzogen habe. EIDESSTATTLICHE ERKLÄRUNG Ich, Sylvia Söhner, erkläre hiermit an Eides statt, dass die vorgelegte Dissertation von mir selbständig und ohne unerlaubte Beihilfe angefertigt ist. München, 28.02.2013 ……..……………………….......... 4 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my gratitude to Prof. Dr. Helmut Keupp and my doctoral thesis supervisor PD Dr. Marc Gottschling for the enabling to conduct my PhD thesis on the highly interesting topic of marine Dinophytes. The project was funded by the DFG grant Ke 322/36. Prof. Keupp kindly helped with words and deeds to negotiate administrative barriers. Marc was always a dedicated and patient mentor, who supported me anytime in difficulties and challenges. I also would like to thank Prof. Dr. Susanne Renner for hosting me at the LMU Munich during the last four years, for many inspiring lab group meetings and for kindly being a referee of my PhD thesis. I am grateful to Prof. Dr. Jörg Nickelsen, Prof. Dr. Herwig Stibor, Prof. Dr. Günther Heubl and PD Dr. Martin Heß, who kindly read and marked my PhD thesis. I appreciated the collaborations and cooperation with Dr. Eva Facher (LMU München), Dr. Haifeng Gu (Third Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen, China), Dr. Uwe John (AWI, Bremerhaven), Monika Kirsch (Paleontology, University of Bremen), Prof. Dr. Kazumi Matsuoka (Nagasaki University, Japan), Dr. K.J. Sebastian Meier (Paleontology, University of Kiel), Prof. Dr. Alexandros Stamatakis (KIT, Karlsruhe), Dr. Urban Tillmann (AWI, Bremerhaven), Dr. Thomas von Rintelen (Museum für Naturkunde Berlin) and Dr. Carmen Zinßmeister (Senckenberg am Meer, Wilhelmshaven). My special thanks goes to Agnes, Andi, Chen, Flo, Juan Carlos, my family and friends, who supported me greatly in the last stressful phase of writing and defending my thesis. 6 PUBLICATIONS & MANUSCRIPTS PAPER 1 (PUBLICATION) Zinssmeister, C., Soehner, S., Kirsch, M., FAcher, E., Meier, K.J.S., Keupp, H. & Gottschling, M. (2012) SAme but different: Two novel bicArinAte species of extAnt cAlcAreous dinophytes (ThorAcosphAerAceAe, PeridiniAles) from the MediterrAneAn SeA. J. Phycol. 48 (5): 1107-1118. Own contributions: Fieldwork (40%); moleculAr lAb work (100%); moleculAr phylogenetic anAlysis (incl. imAges 80%); totAl mAnuscript prepArAtion (20%). PAPER 2 (MANUSCRIPT) Gu, H., Kirsch, M., Zinssmeister, C., Soehner, S., Meier, K.J.S., Liu, T. & Gottschling, M. WAking the deAd: MorphologicAl And moleculAr chArActerizAtion of extAnt Posoniella tricarinelloides (ThorAcosphAerAceAe, DinophyceAe). Protist (in press). Own contributions: Fieldwork (20%); moleculAr lAb work (50%); moleculAr phylogenetic AnAlysis (incl. imAges 10%); totAl mAnuscript prepArAtion (10%). PAPER 3 (PUBLICATION) TillmAnn, U., Soehner, S., NézAn, E. & Krock, B. (2012) First record of the genus Azadinium (DinophyceAe) from the ShetlAnd IslAnds, including the description of Azadinium polongum sp. nov. HArmful AlgAe 20: 142-155. Own contributions: MoleculAr lAb work (50%); moleculAr phylogenetic AnAlysis (incl. imAges 100%); totAl mAnuscript prepArAtion (20%). 7 PAPER 4 (PUBLICATION) Zinssmeister, C., Soehner, S., Facher, E., Kirsch, M., Meier, K.J.S. & Gottschling, M. (2011) Catch me if you can: The taxonomic identity of Scrippsiella trochoidea (F.Stein) A.R.Loebl. (Thoracosphaeraceae, Dinophyceae). Syst. Biodivers. 9: 145-157. Own contributions: Fieldwork (40%); molecular lab work (100%); molecular phylogenetic analysis (incl. images 60%); total manuscript preparation (20%). PAPER 5 (PUBLICATION) Soehner, S., Zinssmeister, C., Kirsch, M. & Gottschling, M. (2012) Who am I – and if so, how many? Species diversity of calcareous dinophytes (Thoracosphaeraceae, Peridiniales) in the Mediterranean Sea. Org. Divers. Evol. 12 (4): 339-348. Own contributions: Fieldwork (40%); molecular lab work (100%); network analysis (incl. images 100%); total manuscript preparation (70%). PAPER 6 (PUBLICATION) Gottschling, M., Soehner, S., Zinssmeister, C., John, U., Plötner, J., Schweikert, M., Aligizaki, K. & Elbrächter, M. (2012) Delimitation of the Thoracosphaeraceae (Dinophyceae), including the calcareous dinoflagellates, based on large amounts of ribosomal RNA sequence data. Protist 163: 15-24. Own contributions: Molecular lab work (50%); molecular phylogenetic analysis (incl. images 30%); total manuscript preparation (20%). 8 9 GENERAL INTRODUCTION THE STUDY GROUP – THE DINOPHYCEAE The Dinophyceae (‘Dinoflagellata’ under the zoological code of nomenclature: ICZN) are an ecologically important and evolutionarily fascinating group of protists. The majority of Dinophyceae, comprising approximately 2000 described extant species, are free-living, marine organisms, occuring from polar through temperate to tropical waters (Taylor et al. 2008; Gómez 2012). These unicellular algae are ancient organisms with fossil record dated back into the Silurian, over 400 million years ago (Steidinger & Tangen 1996). In the second half of the 18th century, the first extant dinophytes have been described (Moestrup & Daugbjerg 2007). From the end of the 1950s onwards, the Dinophyceae increasingly attracted the researchers’ interest (Figure 1), which emphasises the ecological and economical importance of this group. Together with the Apicomplexa and the Ciliata, the Dinophyceae belong to the Alveolata, which are characterised by specialised vesicles located directly beneath the cell surface and called alveoli (Cavalier- Smith 1993; Fast et al. 2002; Leander & Keeling 2004). Morphological Figure 1: Number of publications per year (Web of Knowledge data base search on “dinofl*” and “dinophy*”). apomorphies of the dinophytes are the unique dinokaryon with permanently condensed, liquid-crystalline chromosomes and the lack of typical eukaryotic histones or nucleosomes (Spector 1984; Moreno Díaz de la Espina et al. 2005; Lin 2011). The biflagellate cells possess a coiled transversal flagellum positioned in an encircling groove coined “cingulum” (allowing locomotion) and a longitudinal flagellum (giving propulsive force) (Taylor 1980; Hackett et al. 2004). The monophyly of the Dinophyceae is highly supported based on several molecular loci (Maroteaux et al. 1985; Saldarriaga et al. 2003; Shalchian- Tabrizi et al. 2006a; Zhang et al. 2007; Minge et al. 2009; Hoppenrath & Leander 2010). 10 Figure 2: The Dinophyceae are highly diverse in morphology. This simplified phylogeny indicates the classification based on the arrangement of thecal plates: dinophysioid, gonyaulacoid,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Dinophyceae), Including the Calcareous
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE Protist, Vol. 163, 15–24, January 2012 provided by Electronic Publication Information Center http://www.elsevier.de/protis Published online date 8 July 2011 ORIGINAL PAPER Delimitation of the Thoracosphaeraceae (Dinophyceae), Including the Calcareous Dinoflagellates, Based on Large Amounts of Ribosomal RNA Sequence Data a,1 a a b Marc Gottschling , Sylvia Soehner , Carmen Zinssmeister , Uwe John , c d e f Jörg Plötner , Michael Schweikert , Katerina Aligizaki , and Malte Elbrächter a Department Biologie I, Bereich Biodiversitätsforschung, Organismische Biologie, Systematische Botanik und Mykologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, GeoBio-Center, Menzinger Str. 67, 80638 Munich, Germany b Department Chemical Ecology, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany c Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung an der Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany d Biologisches Institut – Abteilung Zoologie, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany e Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece f Wattenmeerstation Sylt, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, List/Sylt, Germany Submitted November 4, 2010; Accepted May 21, 2011 Monitoring Editor: Hervé Philippe The phylogenetic relationships of the Dinophyceae (Alveolata) are not sufficiently resolved at present. The Thoracosphaeraceae (Peridiniales) are the only group of the Alveolata that include members with calcareous coccoid stages; this trait is considered apomorphic. Although the coccoid stage appar- ently is not calcareous, Bysmatrum has been assigned to the Thoracosphaeraceae based on thecal morphology. We tested the monophyly of the Thoracosphaeraceae using large sets of ribosomal RNA sequence data of the Alveolata including the Dinophyceae.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Data and the Evolutionary History of Dinoflagellates by Juan Fernando Saldarriaga Echavarria Diplom, Ruprecht-Karls-Un
    Molecular data and the evolutionary history of dinoflagellates by Juan Fernando Saldarriaga Echavarria Diplom, Ruprecht-Karls-Universitat Heidelberg, 1993 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES Department of Botany We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA November 2003 © Juan Fernando Saldarriaga Echavarria, 2003 ABSTRACT New sequences of ribosomal and protein genes were combined with available morphological and paleontological data to produce a phylogenetic framework for dinoflagellates. The evolutionary history of some of the major morphological features of the group was then investigated in the light of that framework. Phylogenetic trees of dinoflagellates based on the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU) are generally poorly resolved but include many well- supported clades, and while combined analyses of SSU and LSU (large subunit ribosomal RNA) improve the support for several nodes, they are still generally unsatisfactory. Protein-gene based trees lack the degree of species representation necessary for meaningful in-group phylogenetic analyses, but do provide important insights to the phylogenetic position of dinoflagellates as a whole and on the identity of their close relatives. Molecular data agree with paleontology in suggesting an early evolutionary radiation of the group, but whereas paleontological data include only taxa with fossilizable cysts, the new data examined here establish that this radiation event included all dinokaryotic lineages, including athecate forms. Plastids were lost and replaced many times in dinoflagellates, a situation entirely unique for this group. Histones could well have been lost earlier in the lineage than previously assumed.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxonomy and Diversity of the Sponge Fauna from Walters Shoal, a Shallow Seamount in the Western Indian Ocean Region
    Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region By Robyn Pauline Payne A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Magister Scientiae in the Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape. Supervisors: Dr Toufiek Samaai Prof. Mark J. Gibbons Dr Wayne K. Florence The financial assistance of the National Research Foundation (NRF) towards this research is hereby acknowledged. Opinions expressed and conclusions arrived at, are those of the author and are not necessarily to be attributed to the NRF. December 2015 Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region Robyn Pauline Payne Keywords Indian Ocean Seamount Walters Shoal Sponges Taxonomy Systematics Diversity Biogeography ii Abstract Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region R. P. Payne MSc Thesis, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape. Seamounts are poorly understood ubiquitous undersea features, with less than 4% sampled for scientific purposes globally. Consequently, the fauna associated with seamounts in the Indian Ocean remains largely unknown, with less than 300 species recorded. One such feature within this region is Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount located on the South Madagascar Ridge, which is situated approximately 400 nautical miles south of Madagascar and 600 nautical miles east of South Africa. Even though it penetrates the euphotic zone (summit is 15 m below the sea surface) and is protected by the Southern Indian Ocean Deep- Sea Fishers Association, there is a paucity of biodiversity and oceanographic data.
    [Show full text]
  • Ultrastructure and Molecular Phylogenetic Position of a New Marine Sand-Dwelling Dinoflagellate from British Columbia, Canada: Pseudadenoides Polypyrenoides Sp
    European Journal of Phycology ISSN: 0967-0262 (Print) 1469-4433 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tejp20 Ultrastructure and molecular phylogenetic position of a new marine sand-dwelling dinoflagellate from British Columbia, Canada: Pseudadenoides polypyrenoides sp. nov. (Dinophyceae) Mona Hoppenrath, Naoji Yubuki, Rowena Stern & Brian S. Leander To cite this article: Mona Hoppenrath, Naoji Yubuki, Rowena Stern & Brian S. Leander (2017) Ultrastructure and molecular phylogenetic position of a new marine sand-dwelling dinoflagellate from British Columbia, Canada: Pseudadenoides polypyrenoides sp. nov. (Dinophyceae), European Journal of Phycology, 52:2, 208-224, DOI: 10.1080/09670262.2016.1274788 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2016.1274788 View supplementary material Published online: 03 Mar 2017. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 25 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tejp20 Download by: [The University of British Columbia] Date: 13 April 2017, At: 11:37 EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY, 2017 VOL. 52, NO. 2, 208–224 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2016.1274788 Ultrastructure and molecular phylogenetic position of a new marine sand-dwelling dinoflagellate from British Columbia, Canada: Pseudadenoides polypyrenoides sp. nov. (Dinophyceae) Mona Hoppenratha,b, Naoji Yubukia,c, Rowena Sterna,d and Brian S. Leandera aDepartments of Botany and Zoology,
    [Show full text]
  • The Planktonic Protist Interactome: Where Do We Stand After a Century of Research?
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/587352; this version posted May 2, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Bjorbækmo et al., 23.03.2019 – preprint copy - BioRxiv The planktonic protist interactome: where do we stand after a century of research? Marit F. Markussen Bjorbækmo1*, Andreas Evenstad1* and Line Lieblein Røsæg1*, Anders K. Krabberød1**, and Ramiro Logares2,1** 1 University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (Evogene), Blindernv. 31, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway 2 Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, ES-08003, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain * The three authors contributed equally ** Corresponding authors: Ramiro Logares: Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Phone: 34-93-2309500; Fax: 34-93-2309555. [email protected] Anders K. Krabberød: University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (Evogene), Blindernv. 31, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Phone +47 22845986, Fax: +47 22854726. [email protected] Abstract Microbial interactions are crucial for Earth ecosystem function, yet our knowledge about them is limited and has so far mainly existed as scattered records. Here, we have surveyed the literature involving planktonic protist interactions and gathered the information in a manually curated Protist Interaction DAtabase (PIDA). In total, we have registered ~2,500 ecological interactions from ~500 publications, spanning the last 150 years.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix: Some Important Early Collections of West Indian Type Specimens, with Historical Notes
    Appendix: Some important early collections of West Indian type specimens, with historical notes Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 between 1841 and 1864, we gain additional information concerning the sponge memoir, starting with the letter dated 8 May 1855. Jacob Gysbert Samuel van Breda A biography of Placide Duchassaing de Fonbressin was (1788-1867) was professor of botany in Franeker (Hol­ published by his friend Sagot (1873). Although an aristo­ land), of botany and zoology in Gent (Belgium), and crat by birth, as we learn from Michelotti's last extant then of zoology and geology in Leyden. Later he went to letter to van Breda, Duchassaing did not add de Fon­ Haarlem, where he was secretary of the Hollandsche bressin to his name until 1864. Duchassaing was born Maatschappij der Wetenschappen, curator of its cabinet around 1819 on Guadeloupe, in a French-Creole family of natural history, and director of Teyler's Museum of of planters. He was sent to school in Paris, first to the minerals, fossils and physical instruments. Van Breda Lycee Louis-le-Grand, then to University. He finished traveled extensively in Europe collecting fossils, especial­ his studies in 1844 with a doctorate in medicine and two ly in Italy. Michelotti exchanged collections of fossils additional theses in geology and zoology. He then settled with him over a long period of time, and was received as on Guadeloupe as physician. Because of social unrest foreign member of the Hollandsche Maatschappij der after the freeing of native labor, he left Guadeloupe W etenschappen in 1842. The two chief papers of Miche­ around 1848, and visited several islands of the Antilles lotti on fossils were published by the Hollandsche Maat­ (notably Nevis, Sint Eustatius, St.
    [Show full text]
  • Protocols for Monitoring Harmful Algal Blooms for Sustainable Aquaculture and Coastal Fisheries in Chile (Supplement Data)
    Protocols for monitoring Harmful Algal Blooms for sustainable aquaculture and coastal fisheries in Chile (Supplement data) Provided by Kyoko Yarimizu, et al. Table S1. Phytoplankton Naming Dictionary: This dictionary was constructed from the species observed in Chilean coast water in the past combined with the IOC list. Each name was verified with the list provided by IFOP and online dictionaries, AlgaeBase (https://www.algaebase.org/) and WoRMS (http://www.marinespecies.org/). The list is subjected to be updated. Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Ochrophyta Bacillariophyceae Achnanthales Achnanthaceae Achnanthes Achnanthes longipes Bacillariophyta Coscinodiscophyceae Coscinodiscales Heliopeltaceae Actinoptychus Actinoptychus spp. Dinoflagellata Dinophyceae Gymnodiniales Gymnodiniaceae Akashiwo Akashiwo sanguinea Dinoflagellata Dinophyceae Gymnodiniales Gymnodiniaceae Amphidinium Amphidinium spp. Ochrophyta Bacillariophyceae Naviculales Amphipleuraceae Amphiprora Amphiprora spp. Bacillariophyta Bacillariophyceae Thalassiophysales Catenulaceae Amphora Amphora spp. Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Nostocales Aphanizomenonaceae Anabaenopsis Anabaenopsis milleri Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Coleofasciculaceae Anagnostidinema Anagnostidinema amphibium Anagnostidinema Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Coleofasciculaceae Anagnostidinema lemmermannii Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Microcoleaceae Annamia Annamia toxica Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Nostocales Aphanizomenonaceae Aphanizomenon Aphanizomenon flos-aquae
    [Show full text]
  • Grazing Impacts of the Heterotrophic Dinoflagellate Polykrikos Kofoidii on a Bloom of Gymnodinium Catenatum
    AQUATIC MICROBIAL ECOLOGY Published April 30 Aquat Microb Ecol NOTE Grazing impacts of the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Polykrikos kofoidii on a bloom of Gymnodinium catenatum Yukihiko Matsuyama'f*,Masahide Miyamoto2, Yuichi ~otani' 'National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Maruishi, Ohno, Saeki, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan 2KumamotoAriake Fisheries Direction Office, Iwasaki, Tamana, Kumamoto 865-0016, Japan ABSTRACT: In 1998, a red tide of the paralytic shellfish an assessment of the natural population of G. catena- poisoning (PSP)-producing dinoflagellate Gymnodinium cate- turn coupled with a laboratory incubation experiment naturn Graham occurred in Yatsushiro Sea, western Japan. to evaluate the bloom fate. We present data showing The dramatic decline of dominant G. catenatum cells oc- curred during the field and laboratory assessments, accompa- considerable predation by the pseudocolonial hetero- nied with growth of the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Poly- trophic dinoflagellate Polykrikos kofoidii Chatton on knkos kofoidii Chatton. Microscopic observations on both the dominant G. catenatum population, and discuss field and laboratory cultured bloom water revealed that the ecological importance of the genus Polykrikos and >50% of P. kofoidii predated on the natural population of G. catenaturn, and 1 to 8 G. catenatum cells were found in its grazing impact on harmful algal blooms. food vacuoles of P. kofoidii pseudocolonies. Our results sug- Materials and methods. Filed population surveys: gest that predation by P. kofoidii contributes to the cessation The Gymnodinium catenatum bloom occurred from 19 of a G. catenatum bloom. January to 5 February in Miyano-Gawachi Bay, west- ern Yatsushiro Sea, Kyushu Island (Fig. 1). Five cruises KEY WORDS: PSP - Gymnodimurn catenatum .
    [Show full text]
  • A Parasite of Marine Rotifers: a New Lineage of Dinokaryotic Dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae)
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Marine Biology Volume 2015, Article ID 614609, 5 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/614609 Research Article A Parasite of Marine Rotifers: A New Lineage of Dinokaryotic Dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae) Fernando Gómez1 and Alf Skovgaard2 1 Laboratory of Plankton Systems, Oceanographic Institute, University of Sao˜ Paulo, Prac¸a do Oceanografico´ 191, Cidade Universitaria,´ 05508-900 Butanta,˜ SP, Brazil 2Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 7, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark Correspondence should be addressed to Fernando Gomez;´ [email protected] Received 11 July 2015; Accepted 27 August 2015 Academic Editor: Gerardo R. Vasta Copyright © 2015 F. Gomez´ and A. Skovgaard. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Dinoflagellate infections have been reported for different protistan and animal hosts. We report, for the first time, the association between a dinoflagellate parasite and a rotifer host, tentatively Synchaeta sp. (Rotifera), collected from the port of Valencia, NW Mediterranean Sea. The rotifer contained a sporangium with 100–200 thecate dinospores that develop synchronically through palintomic sporogenesis. This undescribed dinoflagellate forms a new and divergent fast-evolved lineage that branches amongthe dinokaryotic dinoflagellates. 1. Introduction form independent lineages with no evident relation to other dinoflagellates [12]. In this study, we describe a new lineage of The alveolates (or Alveolata) are a major lineage of protists an undescribed parasitic dinoflagellate that largely diverged divided into three main phyla: ciliates, apicomplexans, and from other known dinoflagellates.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphology, Molecular Phylogeny and Toxinology of Coolia And
    Botanica Marina 2019; 62(2): 125–140 Maria Cristina de Queiroz Mendes*, José Marcos de Castro Nunes, Santiago Fraga, Francisco Rodríguez, José Mariano Franco, Pilar Riobó, Suema Branco and Mariângela Menezes Morphology, molecular phylogeny and toxinology of Coolia and Prorocentrum strains isolated from the tropical South Western Atlantic Ocean https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2018-0053 P. emarginatum by mass spectrometry analyses. However, Received 19 May, 2018; accepted 14 February, 2019; online first hemolytic assays in P. emarginatum and both Coolia strains 13 March, 2019 in this study showed positive results. Abstract: The morphology, molecular phylogeny and toxi- Keywords: Coolia malayensis; Coolia tropicalis; hemolytic nology of two Coolia and one Prorocentrum dinoflagellate assay; LC-HRMS; Prorocentrum emarginatum. strains from Brazil were characterized. They matched with Coolia malayensis and Coolia tropicalis morphotypes, while the Prorocentrum strain fitted well with the morphology of Prorocentrum emarginatum. Complementary identification Introduction by molecular analyses was carried out based on LSU and ITS-5.8S rDNA. Phylogenetic analyses of Coolia strains (D1/ Epibenthic dinoflagellate communities harbor potentially D2 region, LSU rDNA), showed that C. malayensis (strain harmful species that attracted great interest in the last UFBA044) segregated together with sequences of this spe- decades due to their apparent expansion from tropical/ cies from other parts of the world, but diverged earlier in subtropical areas to temperate
    [Show full text]
  • Seroprevalence and Clinical Outcomes of Neospora Caninum, Toxoplasma Gondii and Besnoitia Besnoiti Infections in Water Buffaloes (Bubalus Bubalis)
    animals Article Seroprevalence and Clinical Outcomes of Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii and Besnoitia besnoiti Infections in Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) Lavinia Ciuca, Giuliano Borriello , Antonio Bosco, Luigi D’Andrea * , Giuseppe Cringoli, Paolo Ciaramella, Maria Paola Maurelli, Antonio Di Loria , Laura Rinaldi and Jacopo Guccione Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; [email protected] (L.C.); [email protected] (G.B.); [email protected] (A.B.); [email protected] (G.C.); [email protected] (P.C.); [email protected] (M.P.M.); [email protected] (A.D.L.); [email protected] (L.R.); [email protected] (J.G.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 26 February 2020; Accepted: 19 March 2020; Published: 22 March 2020 Simple Summary: Over the recent years, increasing demand for buffalo products and consequently expanding its productivity has generated concerns regarding diseases that reduce fertility or cause abortion but the attention has been focused mostly on infectious diseases. Thus, exploration on the capacity of parasitic pathogens in relation to reproductive losses in this species are needed. This was the first study investigating, simultaneously, the role and changes induced by Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii and Besnoitia besnoiti in water buffaloes in southern Italy. The outcome of this study revealed a high exposure of water buffaloes to both N. caninum and T. gondii, whereas all the animals resulted negative to B. besnoiti. The mono-infection with N. caninum seems mainly associated with abortion and presence of retained foetal membranes, while mono-infection with T.
    [Show full text]
  • Protistology an International Journal Vol
    Protistology An International Journal Vol. 10, Number 2, 2016 ___________________________________________________________________________________ CONTENTS INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC FORUM «PROTIST–2016» Yuri Mazei (Vice-Chairman) Welcome Address 2 Organizing Committee 3 Organizers and Sponsors 4 Abstracts 5 Author Index 94 Forum “PROTIST-2016” June 6–10, 2016 Moscow, Russia Website: http://onlinereg.ru/protist-2016 WELCOME ADDRESS Dear colleagues! Republic) entitled “Diplonemids – new kids on the block”. The third lecture will be given by Alexey The Forum “PROTIST–2016” aims at gathering Smirnov (Saint Petersburg State University, Russia): the researchers in all protistological fields, from “Phylogeny, diversity, and evolution of Amoebozoa: molecular biology to ecology, to stimulate cross- new findings and new problems”. Then Sandra disciplinary interactions and establish long-term Baldauf (Uppsala University, Sweden) will make a international scientific cooperation. The conference plenary presentation “The search for the eukaryote will cover a wide range of fundamental and applied root, now you see it now you don’t”, and the fifth topics in Protistology, with the major focus on plenary lecture “Protist-based methods for assessing evolution and phylogeny, taxonomy, systematics and marine water quality” will be made by Alan Warren DNA barcoding, genomics and molecular biology, (Natural History Museum, United Kingdom). cell biology, organismal biology, parasitology, diversity and biogeography, ecology of soil and There will be two symposia sponsored by ISoP: aquatic protists, bioindicators and palaeoecology. “Integrative co-evolution between mitochondria and their hosts” organized by Sergio A. Muñoz- The Forum is organized jointly by the International Gómez, Claudio H. Slamovits, and Andrew J. Society of Protistologists (ISoP), International Roger, and “Protists of Marine Sediments” orga- Society for Evolutionary Protistology (ISEP), nized by Jun Gong and Virginia Edgcomb.
    [Show full text]