DOCSLIB.ORG

Fiji, Micronesia-Guam, and Other Non-Polynesian Areas

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Fiji, Micronesia-Guam, and Other Non-Polynesian Areas FIJI minoneMIRONEMI crones1aMIRONESIAslaSIA GUAM AND OTHER nonpolynesianNON polynesian AREAS by R lanier britschbri tseh As a rule the peoples of this area have black rather thanthenbrown skin curly or kinky hair rather than the generally straighterstraigliter As we have slowed down to look around wrote president hair of polynesia and smaller but taller body build there is ebbie L davisdayis in 1973 as he reflected on his missionary little question that LDS missionaries were kept away from the responsibilityresponsibiliiy it has become increasingly clear that there is melanesian areas during earlier times because of the mormon so much to do here that we are going to get very little done restriction against blacks holding the priesthood until the there are so many programs construction real estate mid to late 1950s however no one with high ecclesiastical translation leadership training increasing numbers of authority in the church had seriously looked into the question missionaries church schools localization of leadership new of the eligibility of the melanesians holding the priesthood areas to open etc that we will only be able to push all of even after missionaries were assigned to fiji in 1954 there was them forward a little way rather than pushing a few programs a some question about this matter but president mckay was satis- long way with our six separate national governments to fied by anthropologists at the national museum in suva that the deal with five kinds of money ten major languages and the melanesian peoples were in no way related to african negroes in great distances between our areas in the mission at times it 1958 he authorized church leaders to ordain fijiansFiji ans who have a seems like an impossible task half of the mission presidents considerable mixture of polynesian blood to theahe priesthood time is usually spent away form the office and home we have all although some fijian families had joined the church prior to that three major south pacific ethnic groups in our mission there time this move by president mckay did much to give the work are polynesians in rarotongaRarorarotongantonga and niue melanesians in fiji the momentum among the local people new hebrides and the solomons and micronesians in the gilberts the history of fiji is filled with all the drama and and laurunauru variations and adaptations are required in the interest of the old south pacific the local people were missionary program and the leadership training program for all of regarded by foreign visitors settlers and missionaries as these distinct peoples it seems quite clear that this is a treacherous and dangerous cannibals from 1860 to the end of the mission of missions some day divisions will have to be made century however a complete social revolution took place along ethnic and cultural lines if not national lines until credit for this change goes to dedicated civic and governgovernmentgovernmenmen t their time comes it will be the responsibility of the mission leaders both fijian and british and to christian missionaries president to try his best to make sure all areas get equal and lasting missionary efforts had been started by methodistme t hod I1 s t appropriate time and care for their particular needs 11i1111 I preachers in 1835 by 1840 a printing press had been imported ebbie davis was describing the fiji suva mission in 1973 from britain and portions of the new testament were soon but his words with only a few name chaangeschnangesehachaangesengesmight well have published in fijian2Fijian 2 described the micronesiamicronesiaguamguam mission area in 1980 in fact in the accomplishments of the missionaries were many As a interview with president ferronperron C losee in 1984 he reported latourette says their preaching their training of teachers almost the samesomesituation he said that his mission field their translation and printing of the bible their creation of a fulfilled the prophecies relating to those on the isles of system of elementary schools their systematic preparation of the sea helielleilepointed out that the micronesiamicronesiaguamguam mission covers inquirers for church membership and their own devotion had a vast amount of territoryitterritory it is 6000 miles across and has marked resusits 3 among these results were the cessation of numerous cultural groups at least nine major languages are tribal warfare and the end of cannibalism before the turn ofor spoken in different island groups plus english japanese and the century the vast majority of fijians had espoused christi- some filipino dialects there are six governing bodies in the anity as taught by one or another of the various denominations micronesiamicronesiaguamguam mission all of the problems of newness that there are some interesting similarities between the history president davis mentioned concerning fiji certainly apply here and geography of hawaii and of fiji hawaii lies 22 degrees north and fiji 17 degrees south of the equator and their climates THE FIJI MISSION AREA HUBHUROPOFTHE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC are similar although hawaii has only seven islands of importance and fiji has thirteen along with another ninetytwoninety two for the first 110 years that the church was in the pacific that are inhabited and two hundred that are not the islands of mssisonary work was limited to the peoples of polynesia and viti levu on which suva nandi and lastokalautoka are situated and australia it was not until 1954 that missionary work began in hawaii the big island are almost identical in size even the the melanesian islands specifically in fiji anthropologists total populations of the two areas are similar hawaii with generally classify the peoples of fiji new caledonia vanuatu 965000 and fiji with 612046 in 1980 hawaii and fiji have both formerly the new hebrides the solomons and new guineaguineeas part relied on sugar and tourism as important sources of income of the pacific negroid family great diversity exists however this development of the sugar industry in both states has determined to an unusual degree the racial and therefore their cultural configurations before the 1860s and the amerameri-I1 can civil war the southern states of the united states produced a large percentage of the worlds supply of cotton rutbutput durduringi ng 2 the civil war while the US supply almost ceased planters in sent elders boyd L harris and sheldon L abbott to begin working hawaii and fiji invested heavily in cotton before their efforts in suva they organized the suva branch on september 5 1954 had produced a profit however the american south was back in only two missionaries were allowed into the country by immigr- business and hawaii and fiji had to look for a better agricultu- ation officials and these elders probably would not have been ral industry sugar was the answer in both places allowed had there not been a small group of tongan members of the just as in hawaii where the plantation magnates brought church living thereathere5there 5 for several decades cecil B smith a laborers in from china japan the philippines and elsewhere partTpartttonganpart tongan and mele mary vea ashley and their families the sugar producers in fiji imported first other melanesians and carried on church meetings on a small scale when the firstf I1 r s t then thousands of indians the fijian government made arrange- missionaries arrived in suva they spent their time working with ments with the british government of india in 1878 to bring in all people who were interested in their message but concentrated indian laborers for a period of five years if the laborers their efforts on the tongan and samoan minority this population stayed for that time they were free to go home at their own base was too small for much success expense if they remained for an additional five years however the work in fiji did not recellereceiverecelvethe necessary encouragement their return passage would be paid or they could remain in fiji for it to grow until january 1955 when president david 0 mckay if they wished although there were abuses in the socalledso called stopped over in suva he like many missionaries and mission indenture system thousands of indians preferred life in fiji leaders before him traveled through fiji without considering it to that at home in india by 1916 when recruitment stopped seriously as a mission field because he was delayed for a day there were almost forty thousand indians in fiji the indian in suva he happened to meet elders harris and abbott on the part of the population has grown rapidly far outdistancing the street evidently he was not aware that there were missionalmissionarmissionariesmiss ionarlonariesles fijian by 1978 there were 272447 fijians and 306957 people of or members of the church there on sunday january 9 president indian extraction and sister mckay and elder franklin D murdock attended a sacra- most of thethie indian immigrants were hindus and members of ment meeting at the home of brother cecil smith in attendance castes highly restricted groups which because of religious and were twentyeighttwenty eight members of the church president mckaymekaytold ennomiceonomicsanctions remained separate from one another but by the little group that he considered the occasion significant he crossing the sea the laborers lost caste as far as the people in said that when he and hugh J cannon visited suva in 1921 they india were concerned futhermoreFutherfurthermoremore the conditions on ships and in did not feel that the time was right to introduce the gospel company housing
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Oceania Is Us:” an Intimate Portrait of Chamoru Identity and Transpacific Solidarity in from Unincorporated Territory: [Lukao]
    The Criterion Volume 2020 Article 8 6-18-2020 “Oceania is Us:” An Intimate Portrait of CHamoru Identity and Transpacific Solidarity in from unincorporated territory: [lukao] Maressa Park College of the Holy Cross, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://crossworks.holycross.edu/criterion Part of the Comparative Literature Commons, English Language and Literature Commons, History of the Pacific Islands Commons, Pacific Islands Languages and Societies Commons, Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies Commons, and the Rhetoric and Composition Commons Recommended Citation Park, Maressa (2020) "“Oceania is Us:” An Intimate Portrait of CHamoru Identity and Transpacific Solidarity in from unincorporated territory: [lukao]," The Criterion: Vol. 2020 , Article 8. Available at: https://crossworks.holycross.edu/criterion/vol2020/iss1/8 This Essay is brought to you for free and open access by CrossWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Criterion by an authorized editor of CrossWorks. 1 Park The Criterion 2019–2020 “Oceania is Us:” An Intimate Portrait of CHamoru Identity and Transpacific Solidarity in from unincorporated territory: [lukao] Maressa Park College of the Holy Cross Class of 2022 uam, or Guåhan in the CHamoru language, holds a history of traumatic and unresolved militarization imposed by several countries including G the United States. From 1521 to 1898, Spain colonized Guåhan and inflicted near-total genocide (Taimanglo). From 1898 to 1941, the occupier became the United States, which inflicted its own trauma — until 1941, when Japanese forces attacked and occupied the island (Taimanglo). In 1944, the United States attacked the island once more, gaining control over the island and eventually deeming it an “unincorporated territory” — which poet and author Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Perspectives of Research for Intangible Cultural Heritage
    束 9mm Proceedings ISBN : 978-4-9909775-1-1 of the International Researchers Forum: Perspectives Research for Intangible Cultural Heritage towards a Sustainable Society Proceedings of International Researchers Forum: Perspectives of Research for Intangible Cultural Heritage towards a Sustainable Society 17-18 December 2019 Tokyo Japan Organised by International Research Centre for Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Asia-Pacific Region (IRCI), National Institutes for Cultural Heritage Agency for Cultural Affairs, Japan Co-organised by Tokyo National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, National Institutes for Cultural Heritage IRCI Proceedings of International Researchers Forum: Perspectives of Research for Intangible Cultural Heritage towards a Sustainable Society 17-18 December 2019 Tokyo Japan Organised by International Research Centre for Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Asia-Pacific Region (IRCI), National Institutes for Cultural Heritage Agency for Cultural Affairs, Japan Co-organised by Tokyo National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, National Institutes for Cultural Heritage Published by International Research Centre for Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Asia-Pacific Region (IRCI), National Institutes for Cultural Heritage 2 cho, Mozusekiun-cho, Sakai-ku, Sakai City, Osaka 590-0802, Japan Tel: +81 – 72 – 275 – 8050 Email: [email protected] Website: https://www.irci.jp © International Research Centre for Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Asia-Pacific Region (IRCI) Published on 10 March 2020 Preface The International Researchers Forum: Perspectives of Research for Intangible Cultural Heritage towards a Sustainable Society was organised by the International Research Centre for Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Asia-Pacific Region (IRCI) in cooperation with the Agency for Cultural Affairs of Japan and the Tokyo National Research Institute for Cultural Properties on 17–18 December 2019.
    [Show full text]
  • A Time Bomb Lies Buried: Fiji's Road to Independence
    1. Introduction In his Christmas message to the people of Fiji, Governor Sir Kenneth Maddocks described 1961 as a year of `peaceful progress'.1 The memory of industrial disturbance and a brief period of rioting and looting in Suva in 1959 was fading rapidly.2 The nascent trade union movement, multi-ethnic in character, which had precipitated the strike, was beginning to fracture along racial lines. The leading Fijian chiefs, stunned by the unexpectedly unruly behaviour of their people, warned them against associating with people of other races, emphasising the importance of loyalty to the Crown and respect for law and order.3 The strike in the sugar industry, too, was over. Though not violent in character, the strike had caused much damage to an economy dependent on sugar, it bitterly split the Indo-Fijian community and polarised the political atmosphere.4 A commission of inquiry headed by Sir Malcolm Trustram Eve (later Lord Silsoe) was appointed to investigate the causes of the dispute and to recommend a new contract between the growers, predominantly Indo-Fijians, and the monopoly miller, the Australian Colonial Sugar Refining Company (CSR). The recommendations of the Burns Commission Ð as it came to be known, after its chairman, the former governor of the Gold Coast (Ghana), Sir Alan Burns Ð into the natural resources and population of Fiji were being scrutinised by the government.5 The construction of roads, bridges, wharves, schools, hospital buildings and water supply schemes was moving apace. The governor had good reason to hope for `peaceful progress'. Rather more difficult was the issue of political reform, but the governor's message announced that constitutional changes would be introduced.
    [Show full text]
  • Sir Geoffrey Roberts Memorial Lecture.Pub
    The Sir Geoffrey Roberts Memorial Lecture Third Annual Aviation Industry Conference Week July 2010 W R Tannock BSc (Hons), CEng, FRAeS To be offered the opportunity to deliver the first Sir ber of the New Zealand Territorial Force, left these Geoffrey Roberts Memorial Lecture is indeed an shores for UK, at his own expense, to join the Royal honour and I thank The Guild of Air Pilots and Air Air Force. Although he failed his first medical ex- Navigators, The Royal New Zealand Air Force, The amination - his health was "rundown" after seven Royal Aeronautical Society and The Aviation Indus- weeks at sea - he was soon accepted into the RAF on try Association for inviting me to do so. a short service commission with the rank of Acting Pilot Officer – just as well since he had less than 10 The founding organisations determined that the shillings in its pocket. After the mandatory period of subject of the lecture would be “on any significant " square bashing" and a short period of, as Des Lyn- civilian or military aviation topic, this can include skey used to call it, " knife and fork school", he was design, testing of significant aircraft, significant off to flying training, passing successfully as an technical or safety initiatives or the contributions of "above-average" student graduating with a major civilian or military aviation personnel”. I feel "distinguished pass". it is entirely appropriate that this inaugural lecture should commemorate the life and times of Sir Geof- Geoffrey Roberts was posted to India to fly light- frey himself considering the significant contribution day bombers on the Northwest frontier where he was he made to both military and civil aviation.
    [Show full text]
  • Coral and Concrete: Remembering Kwajalein Atoll Between Japan, America, and the Marshall Islands
    Coral and Concrete: Remembering Kwajalein Atoll between Japan, America, and the Marshall Islands Reviewed by MARY L. SPENCER Coral and Concrete: Remembering Kwajalein Atoll; Between Japan, America, and the Marshall Islands, by Greg Dvorak. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaiʻi Press, 2018. ISBN: 9780824855215, 314 pages (hardcover). Since my first experience in the early 1980’s with the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), I’ve been stunned by the irony of the ignorance of the average American – including myself - regarding RMI relative to the actual significance of this complex portion of the Micronesian Region to US interests. Now, closing in on almost 75 years since the end of a world war that brought the US and Japan into savage combat in this constellation of hundreds of small islets and islands, RMI continues to quietly move forward, coping in its own culturally determined ways with the hideous impacts of the atomic and environmental assaults generated by the far larger, noisier powers. Today, RMI reaches its own decisions about how to cope with the challenges coming its way. Greg Dvorak, who grew up as an American kid living in the seclusion of the heavily fortified American missile range on Kwajalein Atoll in the RMI in the early 1970’s, opens his childhood memories, as well as his current academic analysis, of this special and secret Pacific Island preserve of the US military. Coral and Concrete is worth the attention of students and scholars of Micronesia and other Pacific Islands, and for the majority of the US reading public who have not heard of Kwajalein nor even the Marshall Islands.
    [Show full text]
  • A Circular History of Modern Chamorro Activism
    Claremont Colleges Scholarship @ Claremont Pomona Senior Theses Pomona Student Scholarship 2021 The Past as "Ahead": A Circular History of Modern Chamorro Activism Gabby Lupola Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses Part of the Asian American Studies Commons, Ethnic Studies Commons, Indigenous Studies Commons, Micronesian Studies Commons, Military History Commons, Oral History Commons, Political History Commons, Social History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Lupola, Gabby, "The Past as "Ahead": A Circular History of Modern Chamorro Activism" (2021). Pomona Senior Theses. 246. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/246 This Open Access Senior Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Pomona Student Scholarship at Scholarship @ Claremont. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pomona Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Scholarship @ Claremont. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Past as “Ahead”: A Circular History of Modern Chamorro Activism Gabrielle Lynn Lupola A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in History at Pomona College. 23 April 2021 1 Table of Contents Images ………………………………………………………………….…………………2 Acknowledgments ……………………..……………………………………….…………3 Land Acknowledgment……………………………………….…………………………...5 Introduction: Conceptualizations of the Past …………………………….……………….7 Chapter 1: Embodied Sociopolitical Sovereignty on Pre-War Guam ……..……………22
    [Show full text]
  • Guam Community College
    GUAM COMMUNITY COLLEGE G Project Title: Go’ti Yan Adahi I Fino’ta UAM Chamorro Award Amount: $593,459 Type of Grant: Native Languages Project Period: Sept. 2009 – Sept. 2012 Grantee Type: Public Education Institution PROJECT SNAPSHOT Chamorros in Guam combined with migration from other ethnic origins hinders 4 full-time equivalent jobs created the public use of the Chamorro language, 32 Elders involved and has weakened the Native language and culture on Guam. Language teachers have 132 youth involved indicated their resources are very limited, $81,650 in resources leveraged and they continue to express the need to 22 partnerships formed have more media forms in Chamorro. 2 language surveys developed In 2007, GCC conducted a survey to assess the status of the Chamorro language and 1,800 language surveys completed analyzed the results from the 566 Chamorro 50 youth increased their ability to speak respondents: 96 percent indicated it is a Native language important to preserve the language; 86 percent wanted to learn to speak Chamorro; 100 adults increased their ability to and 91 percent preferred the instruction tool speak a Native language to be CD, DVD, or video. BACKGROUND PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES Guam is an organized, unincorporated Based on the survey results, the purpose of territory of the U.S. located in the western this project was to revive, promote, and Pacific Ocean, with an indigenous Chamorro preserve the bond to the Chamorro past by population comprising over 37 percent of producing learning modules in Fino’ Håya, the population. Accredited since 1979 and the indigenous language of Guam.
    [Show full text]
  • Download This Volume
    Photograph by Carim Yanoria Nåna by Kisha Borja-Quichocho Like the tåsa and haligi of the ancient Chamoru latte stone so, too, does your body maintain the shape of the healthy Chamoru woman. With those full-figured hips features delivered through natural birth for generations and with those powerful arms reaching for the past calling on our mañaina you have remained strong throughout the years continuously inspire me to live my culture allow me to grow into a young Chamoru woman myself. Through you I have witnessed the persistence and endurance of my ancestors who never failed in constructing a latte. I gima` taotao mo`na the house of the ancient people. Hågu i acho` latte-ku. You are my latte stone. The latte stone (acho` latte) was once the foundation of Chamoru homes in the Mariana Islands. It was carved out of limestone or basalt and varied in size, measuring between three and sixteen feet in height. It contained two parts, the tasa (a cup-like shape, the top portion of the latte) and the haligi (the bottom pillar) and were organized into two rows, with three to seven latte stones per row. Today, several latte stones still stand, and there are also many remnants of them throughout the Marianas. Though Chamorus no longer use latte stones as the foundations of their homes, the latte symbolize the strength of the Chamorus and their culture as well as their resiliency in times of change. Micronesian Educator Editor: Unaisi Nabobo-Baba Special Edition Guest Editors: Michael Lujan Bevacqua Victoria Lola Leon Guerrero Editorial Board: Donald Rubinstein Christopher Schreiner Editorial Assistants: Matthew Raymundo Carim Yanoria Design and Layout: Pascual Olivares ISSN 1061-088x Published by: The School of Education, University of Guam UOG Station, Mangilao, Guam 96923 Contents Guest Editor’s Introduction ...............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • CHAMORRO CULTURAL and RESEARCH CENTER Barbara Jean Cushing
    CHAMORRO CULTURAL AND RESEARCH CENTER Barbara Jean Cushing December 2009 Submitted towards the fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Architecture degree. University of Hawaii̒ at Mānoa School of Architecture Spencer Leineweber, Chairperson Joe Quinata Sharon Williams Barbara Jean Cushing 2 Chamorro Cultural and Research Center Chamorro Cultural and Research Center Barbara Jean Cushing December 2009 ___________________________________________________________ We certify that we have read this Doctorate Project and that, in our opinion, it is satisfactory in scope and quality in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Architecture in the School of Architecture, University of Hawaii̒ at Mānoa. Doctorate Project Committee ______________________________________________ Spencer Leineweber, Chairperson ______________________________________________ Joe Quinata ______________________________________________ Sharon Williams Barbara Jean Cushing 3 Chamorro Cultural and Research Center CONTENTS 04 Abstract phase 02 THE DESIGN 08 Field Of Study 93 The Next Step 11 Statement 96 Site Analysis 107 Program phase 01 THE RESEARCH 119 Three Concepts 14 Pre‐Contact 146 The Center 39 Post‐Contract 182 Conclusion 57 Case Studies 183 Works Sited 87 ARCH 548 186 Bibliography Barbara Jean Cushing 4 Chamorro Cultural and Research Center ABSTRACT PURPOSE My architectural doctorate thesis, titled ‘Chamorro Cultural and Research Center’, is the final educational work that displays the wealth of knowledge that I have obtained throughout the last nine years of my life. In this single document, it represents who I have become and identifies the path that I will be traveling in the years to follow. One thing was for certain when beginning this process, in that Guam and my Chamorro heritage were to be important components of the thesis.
    [Show full text]
  • Pacific Entomologist 1925-1966
    RECOLLEcnONS OF A Pacific Entomologist 1925-1966 WITH PHOTOGRAPHS BY THE AUTHOR R.W. Paine Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research Canberra 1994 The Australian Centre for Intemational Agricultural Research (ACIAR) was established in June 1982 by an Act of Ihe Australian Parliament. lis primary mandate is 10 help identify agricultural problems in developing countries and to commission collaborative research between Australian and developing country researchers in fields where Australia has special competence. Where trade names ore used this does not constitute endorsement of nar discrimination against any product by the Centre. This peer-reviewed series contains the results of original research supported by ACIAR, or malerial deemed relevant 10 ACIAR's research and development objectives. The series is distributed intemationally, with an emphasis on developing countries. © Australian Centre for Intemational Agricultural Research GPO Box 157 t Conberra, Australia 2601 . Paine, R.w. 1994. Recollections of a Pacific Entomologist 1925 - 1966. ACIAR Monograph No 27. 120pp. ISBN 1 86320 106 8 Technical editing and production: Arowang Information Bureau Ply Ltd. Canberra Cover: BPD Graphic Associates, Canberra in association with Arawang Information Bureau Ply Lld Printed by The Craftsman Press Ply Ltd. Burwood, Victoria. ACIAR acknowledges the generous support of tihe Paine family in the compilation of this book. Long before agricultural 1920s was already at the Foreword sustainability entered forefront of world biological common parlance, or hazards control activities. Many of the associated with misuse of projects studied by Ron Paine pesticides captured headlines, and his colleagues are touched environmentally friendly on in his delightful and biological control of introduced evocative reminiscences.
    [Show full text]
  • Colonial Administration Records (Migrated Archives): Basutoland (Lesotho) FCO 141/293 to 141/1021
    Colonial administration records (migrated archives): Basutoland (Lesotho) FCO 141/293 to 141/1021 Most of these files date from the late 1940s participation of Basotho soldiers in the Second Constitutional development and politics to the early 1960s, as the British government World War. There is included a large group of considered the future constitution of Basutoland, files concerning the medicine murders/liretlo FCO 141/294-295: Constitutional reform in although there is also some earlier material. Many which occurred in Basutoland during the late Basutoland (1953-59) – of them concern constitutional developments 1940s and 1950s, and their relation to political concerns the development of during the 1950s, including the establishment and administrative change. For research already representative government of a legislative assembly in the late 1950s and undertaken on this area see: Colin Murray and through the establishment of a the legislative election in 1960. Many of the files Peter Sanders, Medicine Murder in Colonial Lesotho legislative assembly. concern constitutional development. There is (Edinburgh UP 2005). also substantial material on the Chief designate FCO 141/318: Basutoland Constitutional Constantine Bereng Seeiso and the role of the http://www.history.ukzn.ac.za/files/sempapers/ Commission; attitude of Basutoland British authorities in his education and their Murray2004.pdf Congress Party (1962); concerns promotion of him as Chief designate. relations with South Africa. The Resident Commisioners of Basutoland from At the same time, the British government 1945 to 1966 were: Charles Arden-Clarke (1942-46), FCO 141/320: Constitutional Review Commission considered the incorporation of Basutoland into Aubrey Thompson (1947-51), Edwin Arrowsmith (1961-1962); discussion of form South Africa, a position which became increasingly (1951-55), Alan Chaplin (1955-61) and Alexander of constitution leading up to less tenable as the Nationalist Party consolidated Giles (1961-66).
    [Show full text]
  • The Harrovian
    THE HARROVIAN KING WILLIAM'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE Published three times yearly NUMBER 239 . DECEMBER THE BARRQVIAN 239 DECEMBER 1959 CONTENTS Random Notes School Officers Valete Salvete Library Notes Chapel Notes Correspondence Founder's Day Honours List University Admissions First House Plays ... Literary and Debating Society Literary Contributions Manx Society Gramophone Society Photographic Society Scientific Society Music Club The Orchestra Chess Notes Golf Society Aeronautical Society Badminton Society Shooting Combined Cadet Force ist K.W.C. Scout Group ... Swimming Cricket Rugby Football O.K.W. Section Obituaries Contemporaries We are grateful to the Isle of Man Times and Mona's Herald for permission to reprint photographs in this issue. THE BARROVIAN [December RANDOM NOTES Many friends, parents and O.K.W.'s will be interested to hear that Archdeacon Stenning in his capacity as Chaplain to the Royal Household has been asked to preach in the Chapel Royal on May 8th, 1960, at 10.45 a.m. * # * At the end of this term Mr. B. C. A. Hartley will be handing over as Housemaster of Junior House to Mr. C. Attwood. We should like to take this opportunity of joining the very large numbers of ex- Junior House boys and their parents who would like to thank Mr. Hartley for all the help and encouragement that he has given at Junior House for over twenty years. To say more at this stage would be to anticipate Mr. Hartley s retirement, an event happily many years distant. * * # We congratulate Dr. C. A. Caine (1942-49) who was elected into a Fellowship as Tutor in Mathematics at St.
    [Show full text]