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Yesterday and Today Yesterday and Today IN PARTNERSHIP WITH Yesterday_and_Today_FC.indd 1 3/2/17 2:01 PM 2 Schools Past At school, you learn to read and write and do math, just like children long ago. These things are the same. Then This is what a school looked like in the past. The past means long ago, the time before now. Back then, schools had only one room. Children of all ages learned together. Abacus Hornbook There were no buses Children used Children learned to or cars. Everyone chalk to write read from a hornbook. walked to school. on small boards They used an abacus called slates. for math. yesterday and today_2-3.indd 6 3/2/17 2:04 PM 3 and Present Some things about school How are schools have changed. To change today different from is to become different. schools long ago? Now This photograph shows a school in the present. The present means now. Today, most schools have many rooms. Most children in a class are about the same age. Children may take a bus to school, or get a ride in a car. Special-needs school Home school Children have notebooks, books, There are different and computers. These are tools kinds of schools. for learning. A tool is something people use to do work. yesterday and today_2-3.indd 7 3/2/17 2:05 PM 4 Communities Past A community is a place where people live. In some ways, communities haven’t changed. They have places to live, places to work, and places to buy things. Then This is a community in Pasadena, California, in 1885. People used horses The community Most people wrote for transportation. had stores and letters when Transportation moves homes. Some they wanted to people and goods people lived far communicate. from one place to from stores. Some Communication another. Travel was people lived is using words or slow. nearby. sounds to share ideas. Very few people had telephones. yesterday and today_4-5.indd 6 3/2/17 2:09 PM 5 Communities Past and Present How are communities long ago different from communities today? Now This is a community in Pasadena, California, in the present. The community still People use cars People mostly use has stores where and buses for phones and e-mail people can buy transportation. Travel to communicate. things. is fast. Many people go places every day. yesterday and today_4-5.indd 7 3/2/17 2:09 PM 6 Jobs Past and Present Jobs are the work people do. Some jobs are the same as they were long ago. Some jobs are different. Then Long ago, most women worked in the home. Men mostly worked outside the home. Coachman Blacksmith Women made yarn. They cooked. They washed the clothes. They took care of the family, and they kept the house in order. yesterday and today_6-7.indd 6 3/2/17 2:11 PM 7 Jobs Past and Present How are jobs long ago different from jobs today? How are they the same? Now Men and women work at many jobs. Some people have service jobs. Service jobs are jobs that help other people. Some people have factory jobs. Factories are buildings where things are made. At home, men and women have jobs. Taking care of the family and the house are jobs. Cooking meals and shopping for food are jobs. yesterday and today_6-7.indd 7 3/2/17 2:11 PM 8 Transportation Then and Now Imagine you wanted to visit a friend in Airplane another community. How would you get there? Then Airplane Long ago, it took more time to get from one place to another. People and goods did not travel far from home. Ship Ship Train Train Truck Car Bus Faster! Neigh! Car Bicycle Bicycle Horse yesterday and today_8-9.indd 6 3/2/17 2:12 PM 9 Transportation Then and Now Airplane How was transportation long ago different from Airplane transportation Now today? People have used technology to make new ways for people and goods to travel. Technology is all the tools we use to make our lives easier. Ship Ship Train Train Truck Car Bus Faster! Neigh! Car Bicycle Bicycle Horse yesterday and today_8-9.indd 7 3/2/17 2:12 PM 10 The First Flight These men became known as the Wright Brothers. Their names were Orville and Wilbur. They built and flew an airplane in the first successful flight. Orville Wright took the first ride. It lasted only 12 seconds, but it was the beginning of something that would change the world. yesterday and today_10-11.indd 6 3/2/17 2:13 PM 11 yesterday and today_10-11.indd 7 3/2/17 2:13 PM 12 People Past and Present Imagine meeting your great-grandparents when they were your age. What might their life have been like? They probably spent holidays with family. They might have gone to fairs and festivals. A festival is a special time when people get together to celebrate something. Many people still like to go to festivals. They probably had fun playing outdoors. What do you like to do for fun outdoors? yesterday and today_12-13.indd 6 3/2/17 2:23 PM 13 and Present How was your great- grandparents’ life different from yours? How was it the same? They said please and thank you. They didn’t stare at others. They didn’t point. And they They probably liked had many ways of to talk to friends on showing respect to the phone. How do others. How do you show you communicate respect to others? What with friends? are your manners like? Your great- grandmother wore dresses and skirts. She probably liked to spend time with friends. What kind of clothes do you wear? How do you spend time with friends? yesterday and today_12-13.indd 7 3/2/17 2:14 PM 14 Learning About the Past We can learn about the past in so many ways. We can learn from biographies. A biography is the story of a real person’s life. The information in a biography is true. It is a book of facts, not make-believe. Many biographies tell about important people from the past. When I was young, there were no computers or e-mail. We wrote letters. We can learn from oral histories. An oral history is a story passed down from one generation to the next. A generation is a group of people born around the same time. You and your friends are in the same generation. You and your parents are in different generations. yesterday and today_14-15.indd 6 3/2/17 2:15 PM 15 Learning About the Past We can learn from tools from long ago. These kitchen tools were used long ago. We can learn from folklore. Folklore is stories about animals and people. The stories are passed down from one generation to the next. Folk songs, folktales, and fairy tales are kinds of folklore. yesterday and today_14-15.indd 7 3/2/17 2:15 PM 16 Your Life You have been learning about the past. You have a past, too. A time line can show your past. A time line shows the order things happen. It can show days, weeks, months, or years. On a time line, the things that happen first are on the left. 1 2 3 0 YEAR YEARS YEARS Emma is born. Emma and her parents move to a new community. yesterday and today_16-17.indd 6 3/2/17 2:16 PM 17 Emma turns Emma starts school. seven years old. 4 5 6 7 YEARS YEARS YEARS YEARS Emma learns to Emma ride a bicycle. changed over time. How have you changed? yesterday and today_16-17.indd 7 3/2/17 2:16 PM v 18 Activities AN ORAL HISTORY Talking to older people is a great way to find out about the past. Think of an older person you know. The person could be your parent or grandparent. The person could be someone else you know. Ask what life was like when the person was young. Be ready with questions like these: Did people use computers? What was transportation like? What were schools like? Write down what the person says, and share it with your class. YOUR OWN TIME LINE Make a time line of your life. Draw a long line and make a mark for each year. Draw pictures of important things you did in the past, like learning to tie your shoes. Show the pictures to an older family member or friend. Work together to place the pictures on your time line so it shows when you learned to do each thing. Yesterday_and_Today_18-19.indd 18 3/2/17 2:20 PM 19 MAKE CONNECTIONS WITH THESE RELATED TITLES U.S. Symbols The American People Holidays A symbol is a thing that Our grandparents and great- Independence Day. stands for something else. grandparents may have Thanksgiving. Presidents’ Our flag is one of many come from many different Day. We remember and symbols of the United parts of the world, but we celebrate people and events States. What are the are all alike in so many with holidays. Holidays are others? ways. part of our country’s history. CALIFORNIA STANDARDS HSS 1.4 Students compare and contrast every- day life in different times and places around the world and recognize that some aspects of peo- ple, places, and things change over time while others stay the same. 1.4.1 Examine the structure of schools and commu- LEARN nities in the past.
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