DOCSLIB.ORG

Tattooed Skin and Health

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tattooed Skin and Health Current Problems in Dermatology Editors: P. Itin, G.B.E. Jemec Vol. 48 Tattooed Skin and Health Editors J. Serup N. Kluger W. Bäumler Tattooed Skin and Health Current Problems in Dermatology Vol. 48 Series Editors Peter Itin Basel Gregor B.E. Jemec Roskilde Tattooed Skin and Health Volume Editors Jørgen Serup Copenhagen Nicolas Kluger Helsinki Wolfgang Bäumler Regensburg 110 figures, 85 in color, and 25 tables, 2015 Basel · Freiburg · Paris · London · New York · Chennai · New Delhi · Bangkok · Beijing · Shanghai · Tokyo · Kuala Lumpur · Singapore · Sydney Current Problems in Dermatology Prof. Jørgen Serup Dr. Nicolas Kluger Bispebjerg University Hospital Department of Skin and Allergic Diseases Department of Dermatology D Helsinki University Central Hospital Copenhagen (Denmark) Helsinki (Finland) Prof. Wolfgang Bäumler Department of Dermatology University of Regensburg Regensburg (Germany) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Tattooed skin and health / volume editors, Jørgen Serup, Nicolas Kluger, Wolfgang Bäumler. p. ; cm. -- (Current problems in dermatology, ISSN 1421-5721 ; vol. 48) Includes bibliographical references and indexes. ISBN 978-3-318-02776-1 (hard cover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-3-318-02777-8 (electronic version) I. Serup, Jørgen, editor. II. Kluger, Nicolas, editor. III. Bäumler, Wolfgang, 1959- , editor. IV. Series: Current problems in dermatology ; v. 48. 1421-5721 [DNLM: 1. Tattooing--adverse effects. 2. Coloring Agents. 3. Epidermis--pathology. 4. Tattooing--legislation & jurisprudence. 5. Tattooing--methods. W1 CU804L v.48 2015 / WR 140] GT2345 391.6’5--dc23 2015000919 Bibliographic Indices. This publication is listed in bibliographic services, including MEDLINE/Pubmed. Disclaimer. The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements in the book is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Drug Dosage. The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. © Copyright 2015 by S. Karger AG, P.O. Box, CH-4009 Basel (Switzerland) and DOT/UETA (chapter by Schmidt) www.karger.com Printed in Germany on acid-free and non-aging paper (ISO 9706) by Kraft Druck, Ettlingen ISSN 1421–5721 e-ISSN 1662–2944 ISBN 978–3–318–02776–1 e-ISBN 978–3–318–02777–8 Contents IX Preface Serup, J. (Copenhagen); Kluger, N. (Helsinki); Bäumler, W. (Regensburg) The Tattooed and the Social Environment 1 The Cultural Heritage of Tattooing: A Brief History Krutak, L. (Washington, D.C.) 6 Epidemiology of Tattoos in Industrialized Countries Kluger, N. (Helsinki) The Practise of Tattooing 21 Tattoo Machines, Needles and Utilities Rosenkilde, F. (Copenhagen) 31 The Technique and Craftsmanship of Tattooing in the Professional Tattoo Parlour Kristensen, L. (Sorø) 37 Tattoo as Art, the Drivers Behind the Fascination and the Decision to Become Tattooed Kierstein, L. (Copenhagen); Kjelskau, K.C. (Oslo) 41 Personal Records from My Tattoo Parlour: Deep Emotions Drawn as Life-Long Pictures on the Skin’s Canvas Kierstein, L. (Copenhagen) 45 Tattooist-Customer Relationships in a Diversified Environment of Professional Tattooists and ‘Scratchers’ Wedel Kristensen, M. (Copenhagen) Tattoos and Adverse Events 48 Tattoo Complaints and Complications: Diagnosis and Clinical Spectrum Serup, J.; Hutton Carlsen, K.; Sepehri, M. (Copenhagen) 61 Complications of Cosmetic Tattoos De Cuyper, C. (Brugge) 71 Chronic Tattoo Reactions Cause Reduced Quality of Life Equaling Cumbersome Skin Diseases Hutton Carlsen, K.; Serup, J. (Copenhagen) V 76 Contraindications for Tattooing Kluger, N. (Helsinki) 88 Laser Tattoo Removal, Precautions, and Unwanted Effects Eklund, Y.; Troilius Rubin, A. (Malmö) 97 Nano-Scale Observations of Tattoo Pigments in Skin by Atomic Force Microscopy Grant, C.A.; Twigg, P.C.; Tobin, D.J. (Bradford) Manufacturing, Materials and Properties of Marketed Tattoo Ink Stock Products 103 Manufacturing of Tattoo Ink Products Today and in Future: Europe Michel, R. (Neuburg am Rhein) 112 The Realistic Variables Underlying True Safety in Tattoo Pigment Manufacturing Barth, M. (Hackensack, N.J.) 118 Making Innovative Tattoo Ink Products with Improved Safety: Possible and Impossible Ingredients in Practical Usage Dirks, M. (Esslingen) 128 Tailored Surface Engineering of Pigments by Layer-by-Layer Coating Dähne, L.; Schneider, J.; Lewe, D.; Petersen, H. (Berlin) Ingredients, Chemical Analysis and Safety of Marketed Tattoo Ink Stock Products 136 Chemical Purity and Toxicology of Pigments Used in Tattoo Inks Petersen, H.; Lewe, D. (Berlin) 142 Survey on European Studies of the Chemical Characterisation of Tattoo Ink Products and the Measurement of Potentially Harmful Ingredients Agnello, M.; Fontana, M. (Grugliasco) 152 Tattoo Inks: Legislation, Pigments, Metals and Chemical Analysis Prior, G. (Bielefeld) 158 The Challenges and Limitations of Chemical Analysis of Particulate Pigments of Very Low Solubility Olsen, O. (Vedbaek) 164 Photostability and Breakdown Products of Pigments Currently Used in Tattoo Inks Hauri, U.; Hohl, C. (Basel) 170 Carbon Black Nanoparticles and Other Problematic Constituents of Black Ink and Their Potential to Harm Tattooed Humans Jacobsen, N.R.; Clausen, P.A. (Copenhagen) 176 Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion of Tattoo Colorants and Ingredients in Mouse and Man: The Known and the Unknown Bäumler, W. (Regensburg) 185 Towards the Limiting of Health Risks Associated with Tattooing: Whitelists for Tattoo Pigments and Preservatives Blume, A.; Platzek, T.; Vieth, B.; Hutzler, C.; Luch, A. (Berlin) 190 Survey of Studies on Microbial Contamination of Marketed Tattoo Inks Bonadonna, L. (Rome) VI Contents Regulation of and Intervention in the Tattoo Business 196 The European Landscape of National Regulations of Tattoo Inks and Businesses Laux, P.; Luch, A. (Berlin) 201 Implementation of European Council Resolution ResAP(2008)1 in Italy. National and Regional Regulation of Tattoo Practices: Diversity and Challenges Renzoni, A.; Pirrera, A.; Novello, F.; Diamante, M.S.; Guarino, C. (Rome) 206 EU Actions to Ensure the Safety of Tattoos and the Protection of Consumers Blass Rico, A.M. (Brussels) 210 Surveillance of Tattoo-Related Adverse Events by the EU RAPEX System and by National Monitoring Verdier, C. (Marines) 218 The Amsterdam Model for Control of Tattoo Parlours and Businesses Veenstra, T. (Amsterdam) 223 Hygiene Standards for Tattooists Schmidt, A. (Willich-Neersen) 228 Hygiene Standards in the Tattoo Parlour and Practices for Prevention of Infection Bergström, J. (Åkersberga); Bodlund, M. (Helsingborg) 236 Seamless Prevention of Adverse Events from Tattooing: Integrated Strategy Emphasising the Customer-Tattooist Interaction Serup, J. (Copenhagen) 248 Regulation of Tattoo Ink Production and the Tattoo Business in the US Haugh, I.M.; Laumann, S.L.; Laumann, A.E. (Chicago, Ill.) 253 Author Index 254 Subject Index Contents VII Preface With some 100 million Europeans being tattooed, one highly pure drug chemical, which passes as- i.e. 10–20% of the adult population, it is timely to tronomical regulatory requirements before being highlight tattooed skin and health. launched, the lack of regulation of tattooing is not Tattoos have been part of human history for logical. thousands of years and have flourished due to The adverse events that we see in the clinic and people’s emotions, aspirations and wishes to per- know about have cast a shadow on tattooing and manently express themselves as individuals. To- include allergic reactions from red tattoos, papu- day, as in the past, people hold the ownership of lo-nodular reactions from black tattoos, scars and tattoos. Tattoos have a sunny side and a rebellious technical complications, psycho-social complica- drive as well as a shadow. In modern society, tat- tions, and bacterial and viral infections, particu- toos are mainly decorative, used by both genders larly those that may be life-threatening, such as and span a broad range of social segments, age acute blood infection and death, followed by groups and ethnicities. The tattoo culture is glob- slow-progressing viral infections and possible or- al and serviced by a huge industry that operates gan failure with a fatal outcome. The growing across national borders and continents. concern about multi-resistant bacteria, especially Unlike in the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Laser Hair & Tattoo Removal
    Laser Hair & Tattoo Removal Lasers may be used to remove unwanted hair or tattoos. Depending on their intended use, lasers vary in wavelength and energy penetration. Laser hair removal is achieved by causing a thermal injury to hair follicles, while laser tattoo removal is achieved by using a laser to breakdown tattoo ink particles in the skin. Infection Risks Laser treatment may cause superficial burns or injury to skin at the site of the laser treatment or in epidermis surrounding the treatment site. Microorganisms can enter the body at the procedure site and cause an infection. Potential sources of these microorganisms include: • Contaminated or improperly reprocessed equipment • The client’s own bacteria from different parts of the body • Unclean hands touching the treated area. The result may be localized skin or tissue infections or more invasive infections. Additional risks include blistering of skin and localized allergic reactions. Additional Considerations Equipment: • All lasers used for hair or tattoo removal are to have an active Canadian medical device license. • All needles or lancets used to expose ingrown hairs are to be maintained as sterile until point of use and discarded in an appropriate biohazard (sharps) container after use. • All reusable equipment/instruments/items are to be reprocessed after use. • Items that are not able to be reprocessed are to be discarded after use Client Safety: • Operators are to provide clients with information on contraindications for laser treatment, including relevant medical and/or skin conditions, medications and other skin treatments. • Operators are to provide clients with relevant pre-treatment instructions. • Operators are not to perform laser treatment on a client’s body if nearby skin (within 15 cm (6 inches)) has a rash or is inflamed or infected; if this cannot be done, operators are to defer service until the area has healed.
    [Show full text]
  • Ehseminarjun262012 Orgcont
    Ta t t oos The Living Canvas June 26, 2012 BCCDC Environmental Health Seminars Tat t oos The Tattoo Machine Study : Investigating Organic contaminants on a bagged and unbagged Tattoo machines Saad Jalili BCIT Environmental Health Student Vincent Crozier PROJECT SUPERVISOR Elwood TATTOO ARTIST OVERVIEW . WHAT IS TATTOOING . ASSOCIATED RISK . GOVERNANCE . TATTOO MACHINE . STUDY DESIGN . PROCEDURE . RESULTS . DISCUSSION . LIMITATIONS . IMPLICATIONS I NT RODUCT I ON TATTOOING Any method of placing indelible ink or other pigments into or under the skin with needles or any other instruments resulting in permanent coloration of the skin Tattooing was widely practiced in many cultures in the ancient world as a form of identification/tribal marking Today tattoos are almost always used just for decoration TATTOO . In 2008, 14% of the American population had at least one tattoo . Estimated 20,000+ parlors operating in the United States . Growing industry POPULARITY LEGO Pirate TokiDoki Barbie Medical tattoos ASSOCI ATED ASSOCIATED RISK Blood Borne Infections . Hepatitis B . Hepatitis C . HIV Skin Infections . Staphylococcus aureus . Pseudomonas aeruginosa Acute Inflammatory Reactions . Allergic contact dermatitis . Photoallergic dermatitis DOCUMENTED INFECTIONS In 2005, 44 cases of antibiotic-resistant Staph infection were linked to unlicensed tattoo parlors practicing suboptimal infection control practices and using non- sterile equipment Canadian researchers estimated that tattooing nearly triples the likelihood of HCV infection overall In Canada, 12 to 25 per cent of hepatitis C infections among prisoners are associated with tattooed individuals, compared to six per cent of the general population. Gover nance TATTOO STUDIOS IN UNITED STATES All tattoo studios are required to be registered with the local Health Authority and tattooist are licensed Licensed tattooist .
    [Show full text]
  • Copyright Ownership and the Need for Implied Licenses in the Realm of Tattoos Kyle Alan Ulscht
    Seton Hall University eRepository @ Seton Hall Law School Student Scholarship Seton Hall Law 5-1-2014 Copyright Ownership and the Need for Implied Licenses in the Realm of Tattoos Kyle Alan Ulscht Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.shu.edu/student_scholarship Recommended Citation Ulscht, Kyle Alan, "Copyright Ownership and the Need for Implied Licenses in the Realm of Tattoos" (2014). Law School Student Scholarship. 596. https://scholarship.shu.edu/student_scholarship/596 Copyright Ownership and the Need for Implied Licenses in the Realm of Tattoos Kyle Alan Ulscht This article argues that there is a need for an implied license to be issued when an individual is tattooed. In spite of a rich history spanning millennia, the legal community has not come up with an adequate system of determining copyright ownership in affixed tattoos. Complicating this lack of certainty in the field of copyright rights in tattoos is the general unwillingness of courts to invoke the de minimus use exception in cases of copyright violation. This unwillingness coupled with the ubiquitous nature of technology and social media could lead virtually every tattooed person to be held to be an infringer and prevent them from a variety of activities ranging from appearing in advertisements, or movies, to more common activities such as posting photos on Facebook, without a complicated trial or trail of paperwork and accounting. Fortunately courts, relying on theories of equity, have invented the concept of implied licenses for instances when a party commissions a work but does not meet the more formal requirements to own the copyright rights of that work.
    [Show full text]
  • Clinicopathological Correlation of Acquired Hyperpigmentary Disorders
    Symposium Clinicopathological correlation of acquired Dermatopathology hyperpigmentary disorders Anisha B. Patel, Raj Kubba1, Asha Kubba1 Department of Dermatology, ABSTRACT Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, Acquired pigmentary disorders are group of heterogenous entities that share single, most USA, 1Delhi Dermatology Group, Delhi Dermpath significant, clinical feature, that is, dyspigmentation. Asians and Indians, in particular, are mostly Laboratory, New Delhi, India affected. Although the classic morphologies and common treatment options of these conditions have been reviewed in the global dermatology literature, the value of histpathological evaluation Address for correspondence: has not been thoroughly explored. The importance of accurate diagnosis is emphasized here as Dr. Asha Kubba, the underlying diseases have varying etiologies that need to be addressed in order to effectively 10, Aradhana Enclave, treat the dyspigmentation. In this review, we describe and discuss the utility of histology in the R.K. Puram, Sector‑13, diagnostic work of hyperpigmentary disorders, and how, in many cases, it can lead to targeted New Delhi ‑ 110 066, India. E‑mail: and more effective therapy. We focus on the most common acquired pigmentary disorders [email protected] seen in Indian patients as well as a few uncommon diseases with distinctive histological traits. Facial melanoses, including mimickers of melasma, are thoroughly explored. These diseases include lichen planus pigmentosus, discoid lupus erythematosus, drug‑induced melanoses, hyperpigmentation due to exogenous substances, acanthosis nigricans, and macular amyloidosis. Key words: Facial melanoses, histology of hyperpigmentary disorders and melasma, pigmentary disorders INTRODUCTION focus on the most common acquired hyperpigmentary disorders seen in Indian patients as well as a few Acquired pigmentary disorders are found all over the uncommon diseases with distinctive histological traits.
    [Show full text]
  • Painting on a Canvas of Skin: Tattooing and the First Amendment Ryan J
    Painting on a Canvas of Skin: Tattooing and the First Amendment Ryan J. Walsht INTRODUCTION "I impose my own set of aesthetics and value judgments as to what beauty is and what it isn't in the context of thp image that [customers] choose," one tattooist says. "I [ ] manifest those qualities in a language."' That language, spoken fluently by an increasing number of self-described tattoo "artists," consists of unique images, honed techniques, innovative color schemes, and other artistic methods or themes. As the tattooists themselves describe it, their work is nothing short of pure art-as expressive as Leonardo's Mona Lisa or T.S. Eliot's The Four Quartets. Yet, unlike Leonardo's canvas or Eliot's verses, the First Amendment status of so-called "skin art" has yet to be determined. The First Amendment, applied to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment,. forbids laws "abridging the freedom of speech."' The Supreme Court has interpreted this language as protecting not only basic political expression, but also nontraditional communicative media' (such as dance,' film,' and music') and expressive conduct (such as burning an American flag'). The Court has also declared-with little explanation-that the First Amendment protects "artistic expression."9 Nonetheless, precedent leaves a fundamental question unanswered: What is artistic expression? t BA 2009, Hillsdale College; JD Candidate 2012,The University of Chicago Law School. 1 Clinton R. Sanders, Customizing the Body: The Art and Culture of Tattooing 28 (Temple 1989). 2 Gitlow v New York, 268 US 652,666 (1925). 3 US Const Amend I. 4 Throughout this Comment, certain types of media (for example, motion pictures) will be identified as "protected" under Court precedent.
    [Show full text]
  • Q-Switched Laser-Induced Chrysiasis Treated with Long-Pulsed Laser
    THE CUTTING EDGE SECTION EDITOR: GEORGE J. HRUZA, MD; ASSISTANT SECTION EDITORS: DEE ANNA GLASER, MD; ELAINE SIEGFRIED, MD Q-Switched Laser-Induced Chrysiasis Treated With Long-Pulsed Laser Patricia Lee Yun, MD; Kenneth A. Arndt, MD; R. Rox Anderson, MD; Wellman Laboratories of Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (Drs Yun and Anderson), Skin Care Physicians of Chestnut Hill, Chestnut Hill, Mass (Dr Arndt) The Cutting Edge: Challenges in Medical and Surgical Therapeutics REPORT OF A CASE on her cheeks and forehead ranging from 2 to 6 mm (Figure 1). The lesions did not enhance on Wood’s light A 70-year-old woman presented for elective treatment of examination, suggesting dermal pigmentation. In some lentigines on her face. This was her first treatment with areas, portions of the original lentigo were still visible in any laser. She was treated with a Q-switched alexan- the center of the blue macule. There was no discolora- drite laser (755 nm, 50 nanoseconds, 3.5 J/cm2, 15 pulses tion of the sclera, nails, or hair. A subtle blue-gray hue of 4-mm spot diameter; Candela, Wayland, Mass), caus- in the patient’s general skin color was noted at the time ing what appeared to be usual purpura immediately fol- of reexamination. lowing laser exposure of 8 tan macules. Several weeks A punch biopsy specimen of a representative area dem- later, blue-black discoloration was present, and was at- onstrated numerous black particles within macrophages tributed to postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, but in the dermis. A diagnosis of Q-switched laser-induced failed to lighten over the next 4 months.
    [Show full text]
  • “Toughen Up”: Tattoo Experience and Secretory Immunoglobulin A
    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY 00:00–00 (2016) Original Research Article Tattooing to “Toughen Up”: Tattoo Experience and Secretory Immunoglobulin A CHRISTOPHER D. LYNN,* JOHNNA T. DOMINGUEZ, AND JASON A. DECARO Department of Anthropology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487 Objectives: A costly signaling model suggests tattooing inoculates the immune system to heightened vigilance against stressors associated with soft tissue damage. We sought to investigate this “inoculation hypothesis” of tattooing as a costly honest signal of fitness. We hypothesized that the immune system habituates to the tattooing stressor in repeatedly tattooed individuals and that immune response to the stress of the tattooing process would correlate with lifetime tattoo experience. Methods: Participants were 24 women and 5 men (aged 18–47). We measured immune function using secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and cortisol (sCORT) in saliva collected before and after tattoo sessions. We measured tattoo experience as a sum of number of tattoos, lifetime hours tattooed, years since first tattoo, percent of body covered, and number of tattoo sessions. We predicted an inverse relationship between SIgA and sCORT and less SIgA immunosup- pression among those with more tattoo experience. We used hierarchical multiple regression to test for a main effect of tattoo experience on post-tattoo SIgA, controlling for pretest SIgA, tattoo session duration, body mass, and the interac- tion between tattoo experience and test session duration. Results: The regression model was significant (P 5 0.006) with a large effect size (r2 5 0.711) and significant and pos- itive main (P 5 0.03) and interaction effects (P 5 0.014).
    [Show full text]
  • Tattoos & IP Norms
    Case Western Reserve University School of Law Scholarly Commons Faculty Publications 2013 Tattoos & IP Norms Aaron K. Perzanowski Case Western University School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/faculty_publications Part of the Intellectual Property Law Commons Repository Citation Perzanowski, Aaron K., "Tattoos & IP Norms" (2013). Faculty Publications. 47. https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/faculty_publications/47 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Case Western Reserve University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Case Western Reserve University School of Law Scholarly Commons. Article Tattoos & IP Norms Aaron Perzanowski† Introduction ............................................................................... 512 I. A History of Tattoos .............................................................. 516 A. The Origins of Tattooing ......................................... 516 B. Colonialism & Tattoos in the West ......................... 518 C. The Tattoo Renaissance .......................................... 521 II. Law, Norms & Tattoos ........................................................ 525 A. Formal Legal Protection for Tattoos ...................... 525 B. Client Autonomy ...................................................... 532 C. Reusing Custom Designs ......................................... 539 D. Copying Custom Designs .......................................
    [Show full text]
  • Hydroxychloroquine-Associated Hyperpigmentation Mimicking Elder Abuse
    Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) (2013) 3:203–210 DOI 10.1007/s13555-013-0032-z CASE REPORT Hydroxychloroquine-Associated Hyperpigmentation Mimicking Elder Abuse Philip R. Cohen To view enhanced content go to www.dermtherapy-open.com Received: June 17, 2013 / Published online: August 14, 2013 Ó The Author(s) 2013. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com ABSTRACT cleared of suspected elder abuse. A skin biopsy of the patient’s dyschromia confirmed the Background: Hydroxychloroquine may result diagnosis of hydroxychloroquine-associated in cutaneous dyschromia. Older individuals hyperpigmentation. who are the victims of elder abuse can present Conclusion: Hyperpigmentation of skin, with bruising and resolving ecchymoses. mucosa, and nails can be observed in patients Purpose: The features of hydroxychloroquine- treated with antimalarials, including associated hyperpigmentation are described, hydroxychloroquine. Elder abuse is a significant the mucosal and skin manifestations of elder and underreported problem in seniors. abuse are reviewed, and the mucocutaneous Cutaneous findings can aid in the discovery of mimickers of elder abuse are summarized. physical abuse, sexual abuse, and self-neglect in Case Report: An elderly woman being treated elderly individuals. However, medication- with hydroxychloroquine for systemic lupus associated effects, systemic conditions, and erythematosus developed drug-associated black accidental external injuries can mimic elder and blue pigmentation of her skin. The abuse. Therefore, a complete medical history dyschromia was misinterpreted by her and appropriate laboratory evaluation, including clinician as elder abuse and Adult Protective skin biopsy, should be conducted when the Services was notified. The family was eventually diagnosis of elder abuse is suspected. Keywords: Abuse; Dyschromia; Elderly; P.
    [Show full text]
  • Employment Interview Screening: Time to Face the Ink
    Journal of Business & Economic Policy Vol. 5, No. 4, December 2018 doi:10.30845/jbep.v5n4p6 Employment Interview Screening: Time to Face the Ink Paul J. Antonellis, Jr., Ed.D. Faculty & Coordinator of Human Resource Management Program, Merrimack College, North Andover USA Rachel Silsbee, M.Ed Assistant Director of Student Success: Writing Center Merrimack College, North Andover USA Abstract This article focuses on the impact that face and/or neck tattoos may have on the employment screening process. With some estimates placing the number of possible candidates with tattoos as high as 28%, and the increase in social acceptance of tattoos, reveals that this research may play a significant role for the employer and the candidate during the employment screening process. Tattoos today can be found on men and women, with no limits on professional status and the tattoo designs can hold profound meaning to the wearer. This qualitative study analyzed data from 243 participants. The data was broken down into gender responses when it comes to assessing a candidate with a face/neck tattoo during the employment screening process. One significant theme that emerged is that 50% of the participants reported that they would hire a candidate with a visible face/neck tattoo depending on the position, revealing that employment screeners still feel that a visible tattoo may be acceptable for some positions and not acceptable for other positions. Keywords: Interview, Tattoo, Selection, Employment Screening 1. Introduction A great deal of research in the field of Human Resource Management, Industrial-Organizational Psychology and Social Psychology has focused on the impact that tattoos have in the employment arena when it comes to bias, stigma, prejudice, visual cues, social class, recruitment, taste-based discrimination, and/or attitudes (Burgess & Clark, 2010; Larson, Patterson & Markham, 2014; Mendez, 2016; Miller, Nicols & Eure, 2009; Seiter & Hatch, 2005;Swanger, 2006;Totten, Lipscomb, & Jones 2009).
    [Show full text]
  • Tattoo Ink and Permanent Makeup Safety John Misock, Senior Consultant [email protected] July 13, 2020 Overview
    Tattoo Ink and Permanent Makeup Safety John Misock, Senior Consultant [email protected] July 13, 2020 Overview • TI and PMU are cosmetics…with a twist. • TI and PMU safety concerns. • Microbiological Contaminants in TI and PMU. • Color additives…what are the issues? • Body Art Committee Charge 2: Color Additive Petition for Titanium Dioxide for Intradermal Tattooing • Body Art Committee Charge 4: Tattoo Ink and PMU Sterilization Standard of Best Practices • What can artists do to protect themselves. FDA Regulation of Tattoo Ink and Permanent Makeup • Regulated as cosmetics – Never specifically mentioned in FD&C Act. – As popularity grew and problems arose FDA declared that products used to alter the appearance that are placed into the dermis are Cosmetics. – Carbon black regulated as a medical device for use in tattooing during medical procedures. – In Europe, tattoo ink pigments are regulated as chemicals under Reach, not as cosmetics. – Are tanning chemicals any different? More on this later. TI and PMU Safety Concerns • Microbiological – Contain water thus capable of sustaining growth – When placed into the dermis should be sterile – Presence of some microorganisms can cause disease • Chemical – Color additives not approved for use in TI and PMU – Presence of contaminants Color additives…what are the issues? • FDA has not exercised authority to regulate color additives in TI and PMU. • Color additives in TI and PMU have not been approved by FDA. • The law is clear that color additives require pre-market approval. • No regulations specific to TI and PMU have been promulgated. • In comes the Body Art Committee to the rescue! Color Additive Amendments of 1960 • In the fall of 1950, many children became ill from eating an orange Halloween candy containing 1-2% FD&C Orange No.
    [Show full text]
  • Passing Trends, Permanent Art Hannah Olson Iowa State University, [email protected]
    Fall 2016 Article 8 January 2017 Passing trends, permanent art Hannah Olson Iowa State University, [email protected] Mia Tiric Iowa State University, [email protected] Sam Greene Iowa State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ethos Recommended Citation Olson, Hannah; Tiric, Mia; and Greene, Sam (2017) "Passing trends, permanent art," Ethos: Vol. 2017 , Article 8. Available at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ethos/vol2017/iss1/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Publications at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ethos by an authorized editor of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Meredith Kestel is dancing around to Kanye West’s “My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy” in a studio above the heart of Ames. She looks over her shoulder in the mirror at the tattoo stencil of a moon in purplish-black ink positioned on her upper-left back. “I love this so much and it’s not even permanently on my body!” “Yet,” her tattoo artist, Daniel Forrester, reminds her as he is preparing his tattooing equipment. Forrester is a resident tattoo artist and founder of InkBlot in Ames. He has been tattooing longer than Kestel has been walking and talking — approximately 20 years. This is not Kestel’s first tattoo, but this will be the first time five people will be watching and recording every second of her experience. As part of research for this story on tattoo trends, she agreed to get a tattoo based on popular tattoo design styles.
    [Show full text]