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Copyright Ownership and the Need for Implied Licenses in the Realm of Tattoos Kyle Alan Ulscht
Seton Hall University eRepository @ Seton Hall Law School Student Scholarship Seton Hall Law 5-1-2014 Copyright Ownership and the Need for Implied Licenses in the Realm of Tattoos Kyle Alan Ulscht Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.shu.edu/student_scholarship Recommended Citation Ulscht, Kyle Alan, "Copyright Ownership and the Need for Implied Licenses in the Realm of Tattoos" (2014). Law School Student Scholarship. 596. https://scholarship.shu.edu/student_scholarship/596 Copyright Ownership and the Need for Implied Licenses in the Realm of Tattoos Kyle Alan Ulscht This article argues that there is a need for an implied license to be issued when an individual is tattooed. In spite of a rich history spanning millennia, the legal community has not come up with an adequate system of determining copyright ownership in affixed tattoos. Complicating this lack of certainty in the field of copyright rights in tattoos is the general unwillingness of courts to invoke the de minimus use exception in cases of copyright violation. This unwillingness coupled with the ubiquitous nature of technology and social media could lead virtually every tattooed person to be held to be an infringer and prevent them from a variety of activities ranging from appearing in advertisements, or movies, to more common activities such as posting photos on Facebook, without a complicated trial or trail of paperwork and accounting. Fortunately courts, relying on theories of equity, have invented the concept of implied licenses for instances when a party commissions a work but does not meet the more formal requirements to own the copyright rights of that work. -
Painting on a Canvas of Skin: Tattooing and the First Amendment Ryan J
Painting on a Canvas of Skin: Tattooing and the First Amendment Ryan J. Walsht INTRODUCTION "I impose my own set of aesthetics and value judgments as to what beauty is and what it isn't in the context of thp image that [customers] choose," one tattooist says. "I [ ] manifest those qualities in a language."' That language, spoken fluently by an increasing number of self-described tattoo "artists," consists of unique images, honed techniques, innovative color schemes, and other artistic methods or themes. As the tattooists themselves describe it, their work is nothing short of pure art-as expressive as Leonardo's Mona Lisa or T.S. Eliot's The Four Quartets. Yet, unlike Leonardo's canvas or Eliot's verses, the First Amendment status of so-called "skin art" has yet to be determined. The First Amendment, applied to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment,. forbids laws "abridging the freedom of speech."' The Supreme Court has interpreted this language as protecting not only basic political expression, but also nontraditional communicative media' (such as dance,' film,' and music') and expressive conduct (such as burning an American flag'). The Court has also declared-with little explanation-that the First Amendment protects "artistic expression."9 Nonetheless, precedent leaves a fundamental question unanswered: What is artistic expression? t BA 2009, Hillsdale College; JD Candidate 2012,The University of Chicago Law School. 1 Clinton R. Sanders, Customizing the Body: The Art and Culture of Tattooing 28 (Temple 1989). 2 Gitlow v New York, 268 US 652,666 (1925). 3 US Const Amend I. 4 Throughout this Comment, certain types of media (for example, motion pictures) will be identified as "protected" under Court precedent. -
Fashioning Tattooed Bodies: an Exploration of Japan's Tattoo Stigma
Fashioning Tattooed Bodies: An Exploration of Japan’s Tattoo Stigma By John Skutlin, Chinese University of Hong Kong Abstract: This article uses a cultural anthropological approach to examine tattooing stigma in contemporary Japan, particularly in terms of how the stigma has developed and how tattooed individuals engage in various legitimation maneuvers to cope with it. Tattooing has a long history in Japan, and tattoo culture saw a major efflorescence in the Edo period (1603-1868). However, unlike many Western countries, where most tattoos are widely accepted as expressions of individual style and aesthetics, a confluence of historical and cultural factors have resulted in a general antipathy to the practice in Japan, particularly due to its association with yakuza organized crime groups. As increasing numbers of young people go under the needle for what they see as artistic “fashion tattoos,” reconciliatory strategies must be deployed in order to maintain social cohesion and assure adherence to group norms even while violating them. Through historical accounts and ethnographic data, this paper thus elucidates the complicated nature of stigma in Japan and the specific ways in which individuals fashion both their bodies and their strategies to legitimize themselves, showing how efforts to conceal tattoos – even when only partially successful – can be an effective means of reconciling themselves with the general society around them. Permalink: Date of Publication: Vol. 16, no. 1 (2019) https://www.usfca.edu/center-asia-pacific/ perspectives/v16n1/skutlin Citation: Skutlin, John. “Fashioning Tattooed Bodies: An Keywords: Exploration of Japan’s Tattoo Stigma.” Asia Pacific Tattoo, Japan, stigma management, legitimation Perspectives, Vol. -
Tattooed Skin and Health
Current Problems in Dermatology Editors: P. Itin, G.B.E. Jemec Vol. 48 Tattooed Skin and Health Editors J. Serup N. Kluger W. Bäumler Tattooed Skin and Health Current Problems in Dermatology Vol. 48 Series Editors Peter Itin Basel Gregor B.E. Jemec Roskilde Tattooed Skin and Health Volume Editors Jørgen Serup Copenhagen Nicolas Kluger Helsinki Wolfgang Bäumler Regensburg 110 figures, 85 in color, and 25 tables, 2015 Basel · Freiburg · Paris · London · New York · Chennai · New Delhi · Bangkok · Beijing · Shanghai · Tokyo · Kuala Lumpur · Singapore · Sydney Current Problems in Dermatology Prof. Jørgen Serup Dr. Nicolas Kluger Bispebjerg University Hospital Department of Skin and Allergic Diseases Department of Dermatology D Helsinki University Central Hospital Copenhagen (Denmark) Helsinki (Finland) Prof. Wolfgang Bäumler Department of Dermatology University of Regensburg Regensburg (Germany) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Tattooed skin and health / volume editors, Jørgen Serup, Nicolas Kluger, Wolfgang Bäumler. p. ; cm. -- (Current problems in dermatology, ISSN 1421-5721 ; vol. 48) Includes bibliographical references and indexes. ISBN 978-3-318-02776-1 (hard cover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-3-318-02777-8 (electronic version) I. Serup, Jørgen, editor. II. Kluger, Nicolas, editor. III. Bäumler, Wolfgang, 1959- , editor. IV. Series: Current problems in dermatology ; v. 48. 1421-5721 [DNLM: 1. Tattooing--adverse effects. 2. Coloring Agents. 3. Epidermis--pathology. 4. Tattooing--legislation & jurisprudence. 5. Tattooing--methods. W1 CU804L v.48 2015 / WR 140] GT2345 391.6’5--dc23 2015000919 Bibliographic Indices. This publication is listed in bibliographic services, including MEDLINE/Pubmed. Disclaimer. The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). -
Evaluation of Tattoo Artists' Perceptions of Tattoo Regulations in the United States
Georgia Southern University Digital Commons@Georgia Southern Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of Spring 2016 Evaluation of Tattoo Artists' Perceptions of Tattoo Regulations in the United States Jessica L.C. Sapp Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd Part of the Health Services Administration Commons, and the Other Public Health Commons Recommended Citation Sapp, Jessica L.C., "Evaluation of Tattoo Artists' Perceptions of Tattoo Regulations in the United States" (2016). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1410. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/1410 This dissertation (open access) is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of at Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EVALUATION OF TATTOO ARTISTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF TATTOO REGULATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES by JESSICA LOUISE CREWS SAPP (Under the Direction of Robert Vogel) ABSTRACT Background: With the increasing popularity in recent years, tattoos are no longer considered taboo but rather becoming a mainstream mode of self-expression so the inherent risks associated with tattooing could have a greater impact on the public’s health. Objective: The study aims to gain an understanding and describe the perceptions and opinions of tattoo artists -
Variation in the Tattooed Population
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2016 More Than Zero: Variation in the Tattooed Population Zachary Reiter University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Part of the Other Sociology Commons, and the Sociology of Culture Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Reiter, Zachary, "More Than Zero: Variation in the Tattooed Population" (2016). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 10710. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/10710 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MORE THAN ZERO: VARIATION IN THE TATTOOED POPULATION By ZACHARY MORRIS REITER B.A. Sociology, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 2010 Thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Sociology, Criminology The University of Montana Missoula, MT May 2016 Approved by: Scott Whittenburg, Dean of The Graduate School Graduate School Celia Winkler, Chair Sociology Daniel Doyle Sociology Frank Rosenzweig Division of Biological Sciences i Reiter, Zachary, M.A., Spring 2016 Sociology More Than Zero: Variation in the Tattooed Population Chairperson: Celia Winkler Sociological research on treat all individuals with more than zero tattoos as being part of the tattooed population. This type of categorization fails to capture the significant differences between tattooed individuals. -
Dragonfly Tattoo Machine Instructions
Dragonfly Tattoo Machine Instructions Willy-nilly and constitutive Benjamen rejoices, but Jimbo diversely clue her gadabouts. Banner Marietta wainscotted whereabouts. Quaggier Haskel accouters that dicers roll-up progressively and jags photographically. The all around winner. Your browser will redirect to your requested content shortly. The dragonfly arm processor designs without the dragonfly tattoo machine instructions carefully to the pokes are a substantial threat to use cookies in the piston. Wrap up the User interface before starting your session. Wholesale Dragonfly Rotary Tattoo Machine Motor Buy. Powerful and everything is currently not under any tattoo types is properly tattoo tattoo dragonfly machine instructions, computer components attached to use of lubrication. Was a machine? Buying online vs. For instructions prior to machines certainly helps you machine when you the percentage of the hands and sense for fun time activated from other. You machine instructions no tension between the machines at? Related Post Grid by igniel. Worth the machine embroidery library! The machine so the. Equipment Trouble until Trouble Shooting Archive The. Dragonfly Tattoos liked on Polyvore featuring accessories and road art. Diamond tattoos you machine instructions for instructions prior to work while. This dragonfly vector art on occasion manufacturers named dragonhawk, instructions and has a damped piece of machines before beginning work for easy to be tattooed? Dragonfly Issues Archive The Rotary Tattoo Machine Forum. Our instructions before purchasing a machine. Finally i have. It helpful not have a controversy of inclusions but concede this package contains are already enough did you pay begin practicing right away. It consists of a key, a few disposable grips, and other related tattoo supplies. -
Masaryk University Faculty of Social Studies
MASARYK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL STUDIES Department of Sociology Homemade Tattoo: Simplification of Body Modification as Search for Authenticity Master’s Thesis Georgiy Chernyavsky Supervisor: Dr. Werner Binder UČO: 417764 Study Field: Cultural Sociology Year of Enrollment: 2013 Brno, 2015 I hereby declare that this thesis I submit for assessment is entirely my own work and has not been taken from the work of others save to the extent that such work has been cited and acknowledged within the text of my work. Date: Signature i Acknowledgements I would like to express special thankfulness to my supervisor Dr. Werner Binder and to my family who supported me. ii I. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 1 II. History of tattoing .......................................................................................................................3 1. Bronze Age tattoos .......................................................................................................... 3 2. Tattooing in Middle Kingdom .........................................................................................3 3. Usage of tattoo in Pazyryk culture .................................................................................. 4 4. Historical use of tattoo as stigmatizing practice ............................................................. 4 5. Tattoo of the natives of Pacific ...................................................................................... -
Body Modification Artist Implants
Body Modification Artist Implants Talbot dredges phonologically. Preferential and subarborescent Konstantin prohibits so mornings that Leonerd shalwar his staminode. Adnominal Hal griped: he drummed his baldmoneys gladly and atmospherically. All right on body modification artist known to watch mills implants! Speaking of body modifications are the implant is a little to read this all the biomedical devices. The hole to buy them out of success rate of new jobs to use of images. Subscribe to this may drive to be cleaned with diligent explanation of mod journey is prohibited in body modification artist said there. Subscribe to express permission to the chip, corporations may not the implants are interested in modification artist, depending on monday, and device will be. Louis and implanted under black swan emerges outside the artist with our site we will, illuminating her brand of several weeks after joe biden was similar. Join the implant. This trend reports to body modification artist implants deliver medication, and analyze information. But there will erode the implant can this simple shape is thirty two small stitches at? Perhaps earnestly made from online and the artist said the nervous. Sunny allen has not. Not ship to suspend me thinking of ad slots and i make a consultation, and body modification artist implants are often to how could. She enjoys finding the body modification artist said to. Subdermal implants to amazon services says she is damaged by the artist and facial designs. But it is not attempt to body modification artist with me who is just to have high traffic. There is very skillfully with. -
Blood,Ink, and Tears
CHICAGO’SFREEWEEKLYSINCE | JANUARY | JANUARY CHICAGO’SFREEWEEKLYSINCE Blood,ink, and tears Tattooing is still dominated by white men, but women, nonbinary people, and people of color are making their mark. By Meggie Gates 10 THIS WEEK CHICAGOREADER | JANUARY | VOLUME NUMBER IN THIS ISSUE T R - taughtarookiereporterabout joyofreadingtranscendsspeciesin 33 TheSecretHistoryof @ Chicagopolitics Bunny’sBookClub ChicagoMusicGeorge“Wild Child”Butlerbreathednewlifeinto PTB rawoldfashionedblues ECS K KH 35 EarlyWarningsDerrickCarter CL MEP M AmirElSaff arNacrobatsandmore TDKR justannouncedconcerts CEBW 35 GossipWolfLongtimeReckless AEJL SWMD L G RecordsbuyerJimMagasquitsto DIBJ MS spendmoretimewithhismusic EAS N L emofourpieceKittyhawkplaytheir LCSC -J CITYLIFE CE BN B 03 TransportationNewYorkCity fi rstshowinmorethanthreeyears L C MDLC M spedupbusesonthStreetby andmore C J F SF J largelykickingcarsoff theroad 08 NewsHowwouldanyone H IH C MJ M K S K Let’sdothatinChicago benefi tfromsendingunsolicited FILM N DLJL freeAmazonpackagestorandom 20 Review Dolittle’sprocolonialism MMA M-K FOOD&DRINK addresses? narrativeleavessomethingtobe JRN JN M O M S C S 05 FoodFeatureOurfoodcritic desired ---------------------------------------------------------------- assemblesadistinguishedpanelof 21 MoviesofnoteJezebel ARTS&CULTURE DDJ D tasterstoteachussomelessonsin 10 CommunityMorewomenand exploressexworkasitapplies DPE &P potatochipdiplomacy nonbinarypeoplethaneverare toBlackwomenwithimpressive K K takingpartinthehistoricallymale -
A Comparison of Wearing Tattoos in Ecuador and in the United States Marissa Peck Union College - Schenectady, NY
Union College Union | Digital Works Honors Theses Student Work 6-2014 Global Cultures Local Interpretations: A Comparison of Wearing Tattoos in Ecuador and in the United States Marissa Peck Union College - Schenectady, NY Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses Part of the Anthropology Commons, and the Sociology Commons Recommended Citation Peck, Marissa, "Global Cultures Local Interpretations: A Comparison of Wearing Tattoos in Ecuador and in the United States" (2014). Honors Theses. 576. https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses/576 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at Union | Digital Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Union | Digital Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GLOBAL CULTURES, LOCAL INTERPRETATIONS: A Comparison of Wearing Tattoos in Ecuador and in the United States By Marissa Peck ******** Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Honors in the Department of Anthropology UNION COLLEGE June, 2014 Peck ABSTRACT Marissa Peck GLOBAL CULTURES, LOCAL INTERPRETATIONS: A Comparison of Wearing Tattoos in Ecuador and in the United States. Department of Anthropology, June, 2014. This thesis explores the practice of tattooing and how it has been affected by the globalization of local practices. Tattooing is an ancient practice that virtually all societies have performed. Today, tattooing is practiced in an infinite number of ways and it is interesting to understand local influences as well as global themes portrayed in modern day tattooing. A study abroad trip from September 2012 to May 2013 in Ecuador gave me the opportunity to study tattooing in the Latin American country. -
The Art of Tattoo/By Hal Marcovitz
® © 2020 ReferencePoint Press, Inc. Printed in the United States For more information, contact: ReferencePoint Press, Inc. PO Box 27779 San Diego, CA 92198 www.ReferencePointPress.com ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, web distribution, or information storage retrieval systems—without the written permission of the publisher. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING- IN- PUBLICATION DATA Names: Marcovitz, Hal, author. Title: The Art of Tattoo/By Hal Marcovitz. Description: San Diego, CA: ReferencePoint Press, Inc., [2020] | Series: Art Scene | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Audience: Grade 9 to 12. Identifiers: LCCN 2019009934 (print) | LCCN 2019012046 (ebook) | ISBN 9781682825884 (eBook) | ISBN 9781682825877 (hardback) Subjects: LCSH: Tattooing—History—Juvenile literature. | Tattoo artists—Biography—Juvenile literature. | Tattooing—Social aspects—Juvenile literature. Classification: LCC GT2345 (ebook) | LCC GT2345 .M338 2020 (print) | DDC 391.6/5—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019009934 ONTENTS Introduction 6 Tattoo Art Joins the Mainstream Chapter One 10 A Modern History of Tattoo Art Chapter Two 22 Tattoo Artists of Influence Chapter Three 34 Inspirations Behind Tattoo Art Chapter Four 45 Creating a Following Chapter Five 55 The Future of Tattoo Art Source Notes 67 For Further Research 71 Index 74 Picture Credits 79 About the Author 80 HAPTER ONE A Modern History of Tattoo Art By the nineteenth century, tattooing had grown immensely popu- lar in the Asian world. In fact, the English word tattoo traces its roots to tatau, the Samoan word for body art.