Vedic Period Study of theVedicStudy of Period PhilosophyReligion and Vrittamani Ramapriya Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy V .S. Ramapriya .S. V 1 Vedic Period Complementary literature Complementary Nature of Requests of Nature Nature of Inquiries of Nature The role of Deities of The role The revelations The Philosophy Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy V .S. Ramapriya .S. V 2 Vedic Period men, thathe healthythisalland well villagein of theHeros with braided hair, cattleour allwith and thatour be well it To Lord the praise,him ofto these songs our bring we strong the • • have lied or falsely sworn, Waters, removeit far from me. • • ( RV RV (RV इदमापः Whatever sinisfoundin me,whateverevilIhavewrought,if इमा यथा , translation 1.114.1, Griffith) R by 1.23.22 �द्राय शमसि�पदे ंच �ं � य – Translation by Griffith) R. तवसे द ु �रतम् कपिद�ने चतु�दे Philosophy Nature of Requests of Nature मिय Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy िव�ं �य�ीराय । य�ाहमिभद पु�ं ग्रामे प्र ु भरामहे द्रोह अ�� - fed य�ा V .S. Ramapriya .S. V . �नातुरम् मतीः शेप उता�म् । ||| ॥ 3 Vedic Period borne on wings avoid us. on avoid borne wings andmaythe Missile our oblation, withbe pleased Sage, May dwelling.our withinAgni, Gods, yebird, harmless 2 bipeds. and quadrupeds our Wellit with be atonement. make and hymns sing us let that For of Destruction, envoy the as us 1 . GODS, whatsoe'er the Dove came hither seeking, sent to to sent seeking, hither came Dove the whatsoe'er GODS, . Auspicious be the Dove that hath been sent us, a us, sent been hath that Dove the be Auspicious RV RV 10. 165 165 Translation by R Griffith Philosophy Nature of Requests of Nature Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy V .S. Ramapriya .S. V 4 Vedic Period • • (RV • • • • (Uchiti) Philosophical thoughtbeginswithaninquiry,ascanbe seenin Whom shallIapproachto get clarity? How hasthebody Who supportsThatOne? Who hasembodiedtheuniverse? As revealedto endowed with consciousness? withendowed भू�ा को ) 1.164.4 ददश� असुरसुगा�ा प्रथमं जायमानमथ��ं ऋिषदीघ�तमः � - ���ो cumulative of organic flesh and blood Philosophical Inquiry Philosophical Philosophy Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy िव�ांसमुप (Dirghatama) यदनथा गा� िबबिथ� �टुमेतत् , a descendant of , a । ॥ V .S. Ramapriya .S. V – ऋिष is is उचीित 5 Vedic Period objects Inanimate Inquiry in Contemplation in Inquiry Philosophy Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy What is the Cause the is What V .S. Ramapriya .S. V 6 Vedic Period • 1 heaven. one- creatures are All 3 The Lord Immortalityof waxes greaterwhich food.stillby 2 On every side pervading earth a space tenhe fills fingers wide. . This Purusa is all thatThis Purusa all yet is haththat been be; is toand all So mightySo his greatness; is yea, greater thanPurusa. this is A thousand thousandhath heads Thousand Purusa,eyes,a feet.a (TranslationR Griffith)by fourth of him, three- Philosophy Vedic Philosophy Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy fourthsin life eternal V .S. Ramapriya .S. V 7 Vedic Period (RV 1.164.34 (RV abideth. Speechhighest where heaven world, I ask thee. ask Ithee of theseed Stallion'sprolific, ask Iof 34 highest heaven (is) where Speech abideth. Speech where (is) heaven highest (in) Brahman this ; the is prolific seed Stallion's centre. The world's 35 (RV 1.164.35 (RV I ask ask Ithee of the earth's extremest limit,where is the centre of the This altar is the earth's extremest limit; this sacrifice of ours is the the is ours of sacrifice this limit; extremest earth's the is altar This – TranslationGriffith)R by TranslationGriffith) by Inquiry and its AnswerandInquiry its Philosophy Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy V .S. Ramapriya .S. V 8 Vedic Period terms, that : • शतपथ • Reference: SB • • • • with with One whounderstandsthis principlewillachieveoneness The Platformistheplace ofUnionEarthandSpace( Atmospheric space This platformisarepresentation oftheEarthand entire Earth The onewhoknowsthisrelationshipwillruleover the same the and The ब्रा�ण वेिद अि�ः 10- (Shatapatha ) (the platform),(the and 5 ; as stated as ; Venkata in Rao ( ) etc.. Detailed Explanation Detailed Philosophy Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy ’ s translationSayanas of BhashyaKannada. in परब्र� , declares in more detailed (Parabrahma) V .S. Ramapriya .S. V are one धौः 9 ) Vedic Period • • • • Ritualsdescribedin the Vedic the Philosophy are termed formulaic statements Vedic of the उपिबशद् the forest surroundings) expand on the formulaic statementsof the Vedas. s and hermits,during their contemplations(as they continued to practice in आर�क the quest. arequeriesfocal the These points ofउपिबशद्of anumber (Aranyakas), The philosophical thoughts that was emulatedby s, s, ब्रा�णा s श्रुित , Further Explanations Further आर�क s . Philosophy ब्रा�णा Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy s, and s further empowerfurther the inquirer to pursue संिहता सूत्र s elaborateon explaining the s. These workss. These together the with s that describe 10 ऋिष Vedic Period अव practices Ritual harmonious are - and co A Universal Brotherhood is observed (TranslationsGriffith)R by died. Dasyus the when darling 's helpest yea, fell, Dasyus whenson, Kutsa's helpest What thou time thee here, praised Durmitra yea, Sumitra, hath so thee, to sung have God, O Immortal hundreds, As शतं hymns. Grind off conquer we sins; our thesong withmen no sing who will 10.105.8) (RV आवो नो वा य��ुह�े यदसुय� वृिजना प्रित िशशीिहः ु�पुतरं त्र ु प � कु Formulae Vedic of Philosophy �ा सुिमत्र Philosophy ऋचा प्रावो Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy वनेमा इ�ाथौ य��ुह�े नृचः द ् द । ु ु� कु िमत्र ना operative ब्र� थौत्इ�ा व�म् य� V .S. Ramapriya .S. V ॥ ऋध (RV 10.105.11(RV ) । �ोषित �े ॥ 11 Vedic Period • • • Sanatana Dharma Religion andPhilosophy areInterdependent Generally itisExpressedastheEternalReligion Expressed Philosophyisinvogueeventoday Philosophy Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy V .S. Ramapriya .S. V – – 12 Vedic Period Desired Results and and Results Desired Atonement Mantras and Hymns and Mantras The Prayers Vedic Ritual The Deities Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy Religion Priests V .S. Ramapriya .S. V 13 Vedic Period From “Vedic” Experience Typical Ritual Ancient Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy Religion by Panikkar Raimundo V .S. Ramapriya .S. V 14 Vedic Period • • • • • • chanted orSung (udgatru) guidedsupported and by ritual ritual akin toakin surroundings Mantras from Gurukulas and ऋ��क् ब्र� यजमान () ुल कु � ु ग ( Holy men) who chant aretrained in schools run by (yajamana), (yajamana), priests. definesthe procedure , presidingthe priestof the ऋ�ेद ऋिष (gurkula(s)) यजमान Typical Ritual Ancient ((s)) ( the individual for whom the riteis conducted, is Rgveda) Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy (Yajamana), represents entirethe community होतृ Religion आश्रम (hotru), यजुव�द (ashramas)are located in forest ( अ�यु� ) yajurveda य� ( yajnya (adhvaryu) and V .S. Ramapriya .S. V सामवेद ) , monitors entire the ( ऋिष उ�ातृ (Rishi(s) 15 ) are Vedic Period • Self • • and sought protection from mishaps and calamities reaffirmed the faith them, in called for atonement for past deeds • millennia • • contemplation In additiontoseekinggrace, mantraspraisedtheDeities, The Mantraswerecomposed overmanycenturies,couldbe The Female ऋिष Mantras arebelievedtohavebeen ऋिष belongedto sections all of society the ऋिष (s) are are and and Vedic RevelationsCompositions / ब्र��ानी ऋिष (s) Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy Religion (brahmajñānī) of manyof generationscontributed “ seen – ” who have realized the – by by V .S. Ramapriya .S. V ऋिष (Rishi(s)) 16 in in Vedic Period • • • • • • • (),et all Terrestrial divinity अि�ः Tiers ofdivinity Deification ofunseenForcesNature (RV देव� �द्र इ� Divinities attributed to attributed Divinities personification of personification • • • िव�ु habitation outsidetheearth self luminous; based ontheirabilityto grant therequestedresult; आिद� 1.6.1and (Agni) (Agni) or Divinity is Divinityis follows: as defined or (Rudra, ) अि�नौ वायुः ) suggests that is is the cumulative thatIndra suggests 1.164.46) – () . Terrestrial, Atmosphere, Space and Beyond अि�ः पज�� Attributes of Deities ofAttributes Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy अंत�र� (Agni), (Agni), Religion म�त (Indra, Aditya, Ashvins, Parjanya) are Aditya, Ashvins,(Indra, – आकाश () space) (space) वायुः (b (vAyu), (vAyu), eyond space) are considered are considered V .S. Ramapriya .S. V आिद� (Aditya), न�त्र 17 Vedic Period - a title many him give nobly heavenly •They call him Indra, , , heis Agni,and •इदम् • (RV 1.164.46 (RV एकम् िमत्रं सि�प्रा TranslationRGriffith) by व�णमि�मा�रथो ब�धा - winged Garutman. Garutman. To winged One, is what sages वद�िगं Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy they call it Agni, ,Matarisvan. Agni, it call they Religion The PrayerThe िद�ः यमं मात�र�ा स सुपण� V .S. Ramapriya .S. V नमा�ः ग��ान् ॥ । 18 Vedic Period • • • • • the prowessthe functionsof and divinities Some folk Material insome Some arecomposedon behalf oftheDivinity accordingly Some arerealizedbymultiple Some • - etc. are some examples ऋभु tales सू� are addressedto multiple divinities (Rbhu), (Rbhu), Typical in contents ( Sukta(s) शुनःशेप सू� - collection Mantras)of aredescriptions of Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy ( Sukta(s)) Religion (Shunashepa) , (Shunashepa) ऋिष relate to legends popular and सू� ( Rishi) and areattributed and Rishi) ित्रिवक्रम (Hymns) V .S. Ramapriya .S. V (Trivikram a) 19 Vedic Period • • (RV • (RV • on the Divinities that are invoked during the य� the during that invoked are on the Divinities The compositionsdisplayhighlydevotionaldependence mitigate the pangs of separation of separation pangs the mitigate There areprayersforharmony betweencouplesandto as to well ills all anddiseases remedy beings. nourish There areprayersthat addressplantsfortheirabilityto Mother to Master,the servant the as sincere to the as child the There isasenseofrelationship ) 10.95 ) 10.97 – is expressed Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy Religion The PrayerThe - as dutiful son to to son Father, dutiful as V .S. Ramapriya .S. V () 20 . Vedic Period • home. your to Visvamitra,O Juice, flowing the unto came I prize the with When praise. of hymn my this forth drew I Prince first as and bowl, in the my portion, had on have I urged too, (Translation byRGriffith – Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy RV RV Religion The PrayerThe ) 10.167.4 V .S. Ramapriya .S. V 21 Vedic Period • • • ( सू� possessions to the Yajamana.the to possessions She declaresthatshe is thedonorofwealthand ( with oneness achieved has she since to it herself, dedicates The Deification. the Pushana) Mitra , ऋिष �द्र RV (RV ) , व�ण ( ) 10.125 ) Rudra क् ा व ( Varuna) आ�ुणी illustrates the ability of Mortals to to of achieve Mortals ability the illustrates , वसवः Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy Religion , (Vak Ambhruni) The PrayerThe ( अि�नौ ( ) Ashvins , आिद� , realizing this this realizing , ) V .S. Ramapriya .S. V , ( Aditya भग ( ) ) , िमत्र , सू पूषण � 22 , Vedic Period 2. 1 (TranslationR Griffith)by Hymn . I Travel the with and the Vasus, thewith Adityasand and Agni, and the Pair of Asvins. Pair the and and Agni, All sdcrificer support, Pusan, and Bhaga.with loadwealth I the zealous I cherishandsustainhigh sacrificer - Gods I wander. IGods aloftVarunaboth hold I Mitra, and Indra (RV 10.125) (RV who pours pours who the juice and offers his oblation – Vak ( Vak Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy ऋिष Religion The PrayerThe : Vak: Ambhrni) - swelling Soma,and Tvastar I V .S. Ramapriya .S. V 23 Vedic Period Vedic Studies Thank you! Philosophy and Religion and Philosophy – Philosophy & Religion & Philosophy V .S. Ramapriya .S. V 24