THE EVERY DAY BOOK

OF

HISTORY AND CHRONOLOGY:

EMBRACING THE

~unilitrsarits of ittmarahlt 'trsaus Rnh OBbtnfs,

IN

EVERY PERIOD AND STATE OF THE WORLD,

FROM: THE CREATION TO THE PRESENT TIME.

BY JOEL MUNSELL.

"What hath this day done Y What hath it deserved Y"

NEW YORK: D. APPLETON & CO., 846 BROADWAY. 1858. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1858,

BY JOEL MUNSELL, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court for the Northern District of New York. PREFACE.

The object of this work, as will be seen, is to bring together the great events of each day of the year, in all ages, as far as their dates can be ascertained, and to arrange them chronologically. It has been necessary to observe brevity in its compilation, in order to reduce it within a proper compass. Hence notices of the most cminent men are often confined to two or three lines, while indi­ viduals of less note have occasionally received more attention, on account of the absence of ready reference to them in books. The dates are in accordance, it is believed, with the best author­ ities. Great care has been taken to make them so, and nothing has been inserted for which there was not at least some authority. Occasionally authors have been found to disagree in days, months, and evcn ycars, and it has been necessary to rec~mcile, as well as possiblc, such discrepancies. Much of this confusion arises from the change in the calendar; some authors following the old, others the new style, without informing us which they adhere to. The protestant countries did not all adopt the new style till 1777, about two ccnturies after the catholic authorities had reformed the calen­ dar. The Russians still use the Julian era, and are now conse­ quently twelve days behind the true time. With these difficulties in the way, no ordinary vigilance ensures an entire freedom from error in a work like this. The dates here, however, are made to conform to the new style as far as practicable. In some cases where different dates have been given, and it has been found im­ possible to determine the true one, the article has been inserted under different days with cross references. Repetitions have crept in however, which could only be discovered in preparing the index. Errors of this kind are perpetuated by a succession of authors IV. PREFACE. following a wrong date, and are exceedingly difficult to detect, or when suspected, not easilytraced to their origin. When dates have been taken from computations of time other than the Christian era, it should be understood that the corresponding day has been made to conform to our own era, and consequently perfect accuracy can not be claimed for them. It has been said that geography and chronology are the eyes of history; in aiding to promote one of these sciences, the reader will not fail to discover how great and varied is the amount of facts brought together, rendering the work of use to persons of every age and calling. A reference to the index will show more clearly the extent of the work. JUNE.

JUNE 1. tenced to death for II rebellious sedition and obtruding herself after banishment 67 B. c. Jotopata, in Judea, captured by on pain of death." the"Romans under Vespasian, on the first 1666. Great naval action betweerr the of Panemus, in the 13th year of Nero. The Dutchunder de Ruyter and Tromp, and En­ city was demolished, entombing 40,000 glish prince, Rupert, whieh continued four Jews, the number of slain. days with great fury, and the victory was 1205. HENDY DANDOLO, duke of Venice, claimed by both parties. died. He was a brave admiral, who took 1679. GRAIIAM of Claverhouse defeated Constantinople, 1203, and had the mode­ by the Scottish covenanters at Drumclog, ration to refuse the imperial dignity. Scotland. 1204. Ronen, the capital of Normandy, 1740. SAMUEL WERENFELS, a Swiss pro­ conquered by the Prench, which with the fessor and author, died; respected for his Dutchy had been separated from Prance learning and many virtues. for 300 years. 1743. ROBERT LE LORRAINE, a celebrated 1450. JACK CADE'S rebellion broke out French sculptor, died. in England. 1764. The Prench carried off all the in. 1533. ANN BOLEYN crowned queen of habitants of Turk's island, in the West England. Indies, with 9 English vessels. 1571. Dr. JOHN STORY, an unrelenting 1769. EDWARD HOLYOKE, president of persecutor of the protestants, was execut­ Harvard college, died; an excellent math­ ed at Tyburn. On the accession of Eliza­ ematician and natural philosopher. beth he fled to Flanders, and used all the 1774. Boston port bill went into opera­ iufluence he possessed to injure the trade tion. Business closed at noon, and the of his native country. h~rbor was shut against all vessels. The 1572. Ovid's Elegies burned at Sta­ citizens, on a short notice of 20 days, were tioner's hall by the order of the bishops of deprived of the means of gaining a subsist­ Canterbury and London. ence. Contributions were raised in other 1572. THOMAS, duke of Norfolk, execut­ cities for their relief, and the inhabitants ed for high treason. He was the first sub­ of Marblehead offerod the merchants the ject in England by rank, and the qualities use of their wharves. Universal indigna­ of his mind corresponded with his high tion spread throngh the colonies against station. He fell a victim to love and this high handed measure of the BrItish ambition, in attempting to marry Mary king and parliament. Stuart. • 1780. American privateer Pickering, 16 1593. CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE, an En­ guns, Capt. Harridan, captured British glish dramatist a!Id poet, murdered in an ship, Golden Eagle, 22 guns. affray. He was accounted an excellent 1783. CHARLES BYRNE, the Irish giant, poet in his time. died. His height was 8 feet 2 inches. 1603. Amanwaswhipped throughLondon (See May 13, 1781, Roger Byrne). for going to court when his house was in­ 1785. JOHN ADAMS, the first minister of Jected by plague. In this visitation 30,244 the United States of America to England, persons died. James I, to avoid thrs plague was presented to the king. retired to \Vilton. 1791. '1'he United States army under 1638. Earthquake in New England; it gen. Chas. Scott entered the Kikapoo vil­ occurred in the afternoon, and was so lages, on the \Vabash, and taking the In­ violent as to shake down movable articles dians b.y surprise, extirminated their vil­ in houses, and formed a memorable epoch lages, killed and took many prisoners. lIe in the annals of the country. returned without th.tIJOSS of a man killed 1660. MARY DYER executed. She was by the enemy. These savages committed a quakeress, who had been banished from great depredations on the frontiers, and Massachusetts, and on her return was sen- refused all terms of peace. June 1.] EVERY DAY BOOK. 215

1792. Kentucky admitted into the Union 1833. Cholera broke out at Lexington, with the consen.t of Virginia. Ky., number of deaths to August 1st, 502. 1793. '1'he armed Parisians again assem­ 1835. OTHO, king of Greece, his minority bled with cannon around the convention, having ended, ascended the throne at and demanded the arrest of the Brissotine Athens, with appropriate ceremonies. party. The decree of accusation was passed. 1839. Port Gibson, Miss., destroyed by 1793. '1'he death of Richard Crutwell, fire. the well known editor of the Bath Chronicle, 1841. DAVID WILKIE, an excellent Scott­ took place at Cheltenham, England. ish painter, died at Gibraltar, on his re­ 1794. Action between the French fleet, turn from Egypt, aged 56. lIe was the 26 ships of the line, under Joyeuse, and author of many celebrated works in his the british fleet, 25 ships, under lord profession. Howe. The French were defeated with 1843. Dr. JA1rES HAGAN, l\ native of great loss. Ireland, but for several years a citizen of 1795. PETER JOSEPH DESAUI.T, a noted the United States, fell in a street fight in French surgeon, died. Vicksburgh, Miss., provoked by the vio­ 1796. 'l'ennessee admitted into the lence of his language as an editor. Union. 1846. Pope GREGORY XVI died. His 1797. Desperate engagement between au pontificate was 15 years. Algerine cruiser of 18 guns, well manned, 1846. A convention of delegates to re­ and a Corsican frigate of 26 nine and twelve vise the constitution of New York met at pounders. '1'he action began at 7 in the Albany. morning, and was continued with unre­ 1847. Tpe steamer Washington, first of mitted obstinacy until 3 in the afternoon, the Collins or American line, sailed from when a sloop and cutter coming up, the New York. frigate was towed off in a disabled condi­ 1848. Defeat of the Danes by the Ger­ tion, and the pirate being completely rid­ mans. dled, they fired the magazine, and blew 1852. A submarine telegraph wire coat­ themselves up. The l\lgerine had a num­ ed with gutta percha, was laid across the ber

1647. King CHARLES I of England ar­ 1789. PAUL EGEDE died, aged 81; author rested by Joyce with 500 cavalry, at Hol­ of an Account of Greenland, and a zealous denby. missionary there. . 1649. FARIA E. SOUSA, a Castilian his­ 1790. Action between the Swedish and torian and lyric poet, died. He devoted Russian fleets, in which the former were himself with great ardor to literature, and defeated with great loss. wrote, by his own account, 12 sheets daily. 1802. Madame MARA, the celebrated He labored 25 years on a commentary on vocalist, took leave of the English stage. the Lusiade, which was prohibited by the 1805. Peace concluded between the inquisition. United States and Tripoli; the American 1657. WILMAM HARVEY, an English prisoners to be liberated. physician, died; celebrated as the dis­ 1808. PHILIP SCHUYLER, an officer of the coverer of the circulation of the blood. revolution, died at Albany, aged 73. He 1665. Naval action between tIle British possessed a mind of great vigor and enter­ fleet, 114 sail, besides fire ships, under the prise, and was characterized by integrity duke of York aud prince Rupert, and the and amiableness. Dutch under admiral Opdam. The latter· 1826. NICHOLAI MIKHAELOVITCH KARAM­ were defeated, with the loss of 19 ships SIN died. He was one of the most eminent sunk or taken. The admiral's ship was Russian writers that country has yet pr.o­ blown up with himself and all the crew. duced. The English lost but one ship. 1832. JEAN PIERRE ABEL REMUSAT died; a 1689. Six captains with 400 men in distinguished French orientalist, and pro­ New York, and a company of 70 men from fessor of the Chinese and Tartar languages East Chester, joined Leisler in holding the in the college of France. fort at New York for the prince of Orange. 1836. BARRY EDWARD O'MEAHA died; 1694. The duke of SAVOY, at the in­ formerly surgeon to Napoleon', and author stance of England and Holland decreed of Napoleon in Exile, and other works. the free exercise .Jf their religion to the 1840. The steam packetUnicorn, the first Vaudois. steam vessel from England to Boston, ar­ 17:52. EmlUlm CALAMY died; an eminent rived in the latter port in 18 days from English divine among the non-conformists. Liverpool. 1740. JETHRO TULL died; celebrated as 1844. ALEXANDER J. DALLAS, an Ameri­ the first Englishman who bestowed par­ can commodore, died on board his frigate ticular attention on agriculture, and en­ in Callao bay, having been in the naval deavored to reduce it to a science. service 39 years. 1759. Admiral RODNEY bombarded Havre 1848. Gunpowder explosion at Vera de Grace, France, 52 hours without inter­ Cruz, by which several buildings were in­ mission. jured and 20 persons killed, mostly wo­ 1769. Transit of Venus over the sun's men. disc. Capt. Cook sailed from England to Otaheite with scientific men, to take an 0 b­ JUNE 4. servation there. As it had never been seen but twice before by any inhabitan.t of 1137. The greater part of the city of our planet, and could never be seen again York, its cathedral, and 39 churches by any person then living, it caused con­ burned. siderable excitement among the scientific 1453. ALVAREZ DE LUNA, a Spanish in Europe. It was also observed by our statesman, executed. He acquired such countryman David Rittenhouse, at Phila­ an ascendancy over the king that he was delphia. himself the monarch more than 30 years. 1770. The city of Port-au-prince, St. 1520. A famous interview between the Domingo, destroyed by an earthquake. kings of England and France, near Guis­ 1776. During the celebration of a wed­ nes. ding at Mantua, the floor of the house gave 1561. St. Paul's, London, burnt, having way, and 66 persons were killed, among stood nearly four centuries. Its dimen­ whom was the bride. sions were 960 feet in length, 130 in 1780. THOMAS Hm-CHINsoN, a governor breadth, and surmounted by a spire 520 of Massachusetts, died. He published a feet high. valuable history of the colony from 1628 1585. MARK ANTHONY MURETUS died; a to 1749, and a third volume has beeu French critic and poet. compiled from his manuscripts, exteuding 1663. WILLIAM JUXON, archbishop of it to 1774. Canterbury, died. He was the friend of 1788. Lord MANSFIELD, of England, re­ Laud, by whose influence he was promot­ signed his chief justiceship of the king's ed, and by whose fall he was a great suf­ bench, a station he had occupied with dis­ ferer. He was exemplary in his conduct tinguished reputation for 32 years. and irreproachable in the discharge of his 28 218 EVERY DAYBOOK. [June 4. duties; and on the restoration was raised 1800. FRANCIS BULLER, an eminent Eng­ to the see of Canterbury. lish judge, died. 1665. JOHN LAWSON, an English admiral, 1801. Genoa united to Prance; Eugene killed. Beauharnais appointed viceroy of Italy, by 1691. Baltimore in Ireland taken by the Bonaparte, who at the same time appoint­ English under general Ginkle. ed the order of the iron crown. 1711. The fleet of transports containing 1803. FRANCIS XAVIER TALBOT died; a 5,000 troops from England and Flanders, French ecclesiastic, and author of some designed for the reduction of Canada, ar­ poems. rived at the port of Boston, under sir 1804. Vaccination for the cowpoxintro­ Hoveden Walker, after a passage of one duced with great success in Persia. month's duration. 1805. The American prisoners at Tripoli 1725. A general assembly of the kirk of liberated. Scotland met at Edinburgh. 1807. EDWARD DILLY, a benevolent and 1731. A person sentenced at the old distinguished bookseller, died. His purse Bailey court of London to be hanged for and advice were always at the service of forgery; said to have been the first capital the deserving. punishment for that offencA. 1808. A new constitution formed for 1737. FRANCIS LE MOINE, an excellent Spain by Bonaparte. French painter, ran himself through with 1813. The French under Joseph Bona­ a sword in a fit of lunacy. parte and Jourdan evacuated Valladolid, 1738. Birthday of GEORGE III of Eng­ Spain. land. He began his reign at the age of 22, 1816. Treaty between the United States and occupied the throne 60 years. and Weas and Kickapoo Indians. 1744. ANSON arrived in England after a 1817. CLOTII,DA TAMBRONI, an Italian voyage of three years round the world. poetess, died. 1745. Battle of Hohenfriedberg, between 1819. Washington lodge of independent the army of Frederick II of Prussia, and order of Odd Pellows organized at Balti­ that of prince Charles of Lorrain, in which more, Md., the first lodge of the order in the latter was defeated with the loss of the United States. 4,000 killed and 7,000 prisoners. 1823. LOUIS NICHOLAS DAVOUST, duke of 1745. ALEXIS NORMAND, advocate of the Auerstadt .and prince of Eckmuhl, died; parliament of Paris, died; justly celebrat­ one of Napoleon's bravest generals. ed for his love of justice. 1829. Steam frigate Pulton blown up, 1746. Battle of San Lazaro; the French and 26 persons killed. defeated in an assault upon the Austrian 1835. OWEN PUGHE died in Wales; au­ camp, with the loss of 15,000 killed, thor of a Welsh and English Dictionary, and wounded, and prisoners, 60 colors and 10 styled the Johnson of Wales. cannon. 1837. AmEL HOLMES, a learned American 1792. Pirst legislature of Kentucky met. clergyman, died, aged 74; known prin­ 1792. Route between Pennsylvania and cipally by his American Annals, one of the the Genesee country in New York ex­ most valuable historical publications that plored. has been written in this country. 1792. JOHN BURGOYNE, a British officer 1843. ANDREW BELL died at Perth Am­ and dramatist, died. He was "tint at boy, N. J., for many years surveyor for the Saratoga." proprietors of that state. 1794. Port-au-prince, St. Domingo, tak­ 1844. JESSE SMITH died at Salem, Mass., en by the British. They. found 131 can­ aged 88. He fought at Bunkers hill, and non, &c., 13 ships and 9 brigs laden, and also at almost every other scene of con­ other vessels. flict during the war of the American Te­ 1796. Battle of Altenkirchen; the French volution. undfjr Kleber defeated the Austrians and 1848. MATTHEW GllEGORY died at Albany, took much booty. aged 91; a revolutionary soldier, who was 1798. Battle of Tubberneering; the unit­ at the capture of Cornwallis; the noted ed Irishmen defeated the English under keeper of the Tontine in the early part of colonel Walpole, who was shot through the the century. head. 1854. A riot occurred at Brooklyn, N.Y., 1799. Battle of Zurich between the between the ltdvocates of street preaching French under Massena, and the Austrians and the catholics, when many persons were under the archduke Charles. killed and wounded, and quiet was only 1800. Cisalpine republic re-established restored by the aid of the rmlitary. by Bonaparte. 1856. ALEXANDER CRICHTON, an English 1800. The English squadron nnder Pel­ physician, died near London, aged 93. lew attacked Quiberon in France, destroyed He was for many years physician in or­ the forts and brought off several vessels. dinary to the emperor Alexander I, of June 4.] EVERY DAY BOOK. 219

Russia, and was the oldest member of the 1757. CHARLES VINER died; an eminent Royal society. English law writer. 1781. Fort CornwlJ;1lis, at Augusta, Ga., surrendered with 300 men to the Ameri­ JUNE 5. cans under Pickens and Lee. The latter had 40 killed during the siege which last· 1402. HENRY IV tried to dispel by procla­ ed 17 days. mation the rumors of Richard VI having 1783. First public ascension of a balloon. appeared in Scotland. It was made at Annonay, in France, by 1465. ENRIQUE IV, a weak king of Cas­ John and Stephen Montgolfier. An im­ tile, deposed and solemnly degraded in the memie bag of linen lined with paper, and public square at Avila, and his brother containing 23,000 cubic feet, was provided Alonzo proclaimed king in his stead. for the occasion. It was inflated by burn­ 1480. CAXTON completed the printing of ing chopped straw and wool undet the the history of England, which he thus an­ aperture of the machine, which imme­ nounced: The Chronicles of England, ~c. diately began to swell; and on being set Enputed by me William Caxton. I'll thab­ at liberty ascended 6,000 feet into the air. bey of Westmynstre by London, ~c., the v day As yet no individual had ascended. of Juyn the yere of thincarnacion of our lord 1790. The steam boat constructed by god m.cccc.lxxx, ~c.," folio. John Fitch, left the city of Philadelphia at 1508. LAMORAL EGMONT, count of Holland, 4 o'clock in the morning for Trenton beheaded by order of the Spanish duke of landing; from which place she returned Alva, at Brussels. He was a renowned to Philadelphia again at 5 in the afternoon, general in the Spanish armies, but they performing SO miles against a strong head were jealous of his partialities for his own wind all the way down, and 16 miles country's liberty. against current and tide. It was propelled 1594. Three ships fitted out by some by 12 oars, and was the first successful ex­ Amsterdam and Zealand merchants, for periment in America, and the most success­ the purpose of discovering a passage to ful one in the world at that time-16 years India by the Northern 00ean, sailed from before the triumph of Fulton. the Texel under Willem Barentszoon and 1792. DAVID HENRY, an English printer, Jacob Heemskerk, shaping their course died. He was for more than half a cen­ around Nova Zembla. tury an active manager of the Gentlemen'B 1603. The English merchants trading to Mar;azine, and published several other the Levant surrendered their patent to the valuable works. king. They paid £4,000 annually for this 1794. Battle near Schecketschine, be­ commercial monopoly. yond the Vistula, in which the Rnssians 1667. JOHN HENRY HOTTINGER, a learned defeated the Poles nnder Kosciusko. Swiss orientalist, drowned in the Limmat. 1794. A small island emerged from the Notwithstanding the assiduity with which sea near the island of Tenedos. It was he applied himself to his numerous avoca­ about half a mile in circumference. tions he found time to write several 1798. United Irishmen repulsed with works. great loss in an attack on New Ross. The 1672. An Indian deed under tl~is date British, on the score of retaliation put to granted to the inhabitants of Schenectady dcath 221 prisoners, men, women and a territory of three miles (12 English miles) children. all around that town. 1799. Bonaparte reached Jaffa on his re­ 1690. 'l'UOMAS BAKER, an English mathe­ treat from St. Jean d'Acre, where he reo matician and general scholar, died at mained three days; during which time the Bishops Nymmet, where he lived a retired French burnt the neighboring villages, and literary life. carried away all the grain and cattle; they 1716. ROGER COTES, an English mathe­ also destroyed all the fortifications at Jaffa, matician and astronomer, died, aged 33. and threw the artillery into the sea. He was rapidly acquiring distinction in 1799. The archduke CIIAHLES compelled science, and his loss was much regretted. the Prench under Massena to evacuate 1724. HENRY SACUEVEHEI,L, a notorious Zurich. English prelate, died. He made himself 1800. A signal defeat of five columns obnoxious to parliament by the intem­ of Austrians by two French, on the Il­ perance of his sermons. The mob took ler. up his cause, and the ministry was over­ 1806. NAPOLEON proclaimed his brother turned. He does not sliem to have de­ Louis Bonaparte king of Holland. served much of the adulation bestowed 1807. Battle of Spandau, in which the upon him. Russians attacked the French under Berna­ 1745. Battle of Placentia, in which the dotte, and were repulsed with the loss of Spaniards and French were defeated. 1,200 killed. 220 EVERY DAY BOOK. [~une 5.

1811. Venezuela in South America de­ 1856. Governor JOHNSON, of California, clared itself independent. declared San Francisco to be in a state of 1813. Battle of Stoney creek, Canada, insurrection. in which the Americans were attacked by 1856. ABA CUMMINGS, an American di­ the British in the night. American loss vine, died at sea, aged 65. He was editor 30 killed and about 180 taken. British of the Christian Mirror at Portland, Me., loss about 250. from 1826 to 1855, and was deeply inter­ 1816. JonN PAISIELLO, an Italian com­ ested in the cause of missions and educa­ poser, died at Naples. His reputation ex­ tion. tended over the whole continent, and his presence was courted by the sovereigns of Europe. His works are numerous and in JUNE 6. high repute. 1826. CARL MARIA VON WEBER, the ce­ 356. B. c. Birthday of ALEXANDER, the lebrated German musical composer, died at Great, on the sixth day of Lous (Hecatom­ Paris. He is one of the best of the modern bmon) during the Olympic games, in the authors. first year of the 106th Olympiad, at Pella. 1827. The academy of sciences at Paris This joyful deliverance was notified to Philip had presented to them at their sitting this at the falling of Potidma; and two other day, the phenomenon of a woman with a messengers reached his camp on the same breast in her left thigh, with which she day, announcing that his race horse had suckled her own and several other chil­ gained the prize at the games, and that dren. Parmenio his captain had defeated the 1828. HARRY STOE VAN DYCK, a poetical Illyrians. It was on the night of this very and miscellaneous writer, of Dutch. des­ day that the celebrated temple of Diana cent, died near London. In conjunction was burnt to the ground by Eratostratus, with Bowring he translated specimens of an Ephesian youth who fondly panted for the Dutch poets, under the title ofBatavian an infamous reputation. .Jlnthology, which procured each of them a 1210. King JOIIN, landed in Ireland, and handsome medal from the king of Holland. received the homage of twenty native 1847. 1'he celebrated African farmer of princes. Cedar creek, Del., died, almost 118 years 1439. The act of union between the of age. Greek and Latin churches, took place in 1852. JACQUES PRADIER died near Paris, the cathedral of Florence, where the can· aged 54; the most distinguished sculptor tracting parties met, at the instigation of of his day in France. John Palmologus; but was sundered by the 1852. JOHN HOWARD PAYNE died at Tunis, act of Russia. Africa, aged 60. He was a native of New­ 1481. BATTISTA FRESCOBAI,Dl and others York, and long s'tyled on English boards engaged in a conspiracy to assasinate Lo­ the American Roscius. He was British renzo de Mcdici, executed at Florence. consul at Tunis at the time of his death. 1487. Battle of Stoke; the earl of Lin­ 1854. A large elephant attached to a coln defeated and slain by the king Henry menagerie, while going from Providence, VII. R. I., to Fall River, Mass., broke loose from 1527. Pope CLEMENT VII, surrendered his keeper, and before he could be captured the castle of St. Angelo, and gave up him­ attacked all the carriages that he encoun­ self a prisoner to the imperialists, under tered on the road, killing the horses, tear­ Philbert de Chalons, prince of Orange, ing the wagons to pieces, and severely in­ who succeeded the duke of Bourbon. juring several persons. 1533. LUDOVlCO ARlOSTO, the Italian 1854. JOHN FRYALL SNODGRASS, a dis­ poet, died. His Orlando FUrW80 procured tinguished and successful Virginia lawyer, him the laurel crown at Rome, which was died at Parkersburg, aged 50. He was an placed upon his brow by the emperor influential and valuable member of the Charles V. convention for revising the constitution in 1577. On Corpus Christi's Eve, the usual 1850, and fell dead in court while trying a celebration greatly aggrieved the perth cause. weekly assembly. The play being judged 1855. The National Know-nothing, or idolatrous. American convention assembled at Phila­ 1597. WILLIAM HUNIS, one the contri­ delphia. butors to the metrical theology of the times 1855. 1'he British frigate Cossack ap­ of Edward VI, died. Edward himself was peared off Hango Udd, and sent a boat on no mean writer. ,Hunis versified the whole shore nnder a flag of truce, and the men book of Genesis, calling it a hive full of landed; when the boat was fired on and honey. sunk, and the crew killed or wounded and 1650. ANTIIONY ASCII AM a friend of taken prisoners. Cromwell, and member of the long parlia- June 6.] EVERY DAY BOOK. 221 ment, assassinated. He was at the time English jurist, died, aged 85. He was a envoy to Spain, and the deed was perpe­ man of great learning and eccentricity, trated by six exiled royalists there. and devoted his long life to laborious stndy. ],660. CHARLES II, issued a proclama­ 1853. The Italian ecclesiastic Gavazzi, tionfor the regicides to surrender, that lectured at Quebec, and gave rise to a they might not be excepted from the riot. general pardon: 19 availed themselves ofthe 1854. JOHN SPEED SMITH, a highly in­ proclamati<>n, bnt 19 others donbting the telligent and cultivated Kentucky gentle­ sincerity of the governmcnt, disobeyed the man, died. He was repeatedly a member summons. of the Kentucky legislature, and served 1693. Dr. PITCARINE, pnblished at Ley­ two years in congress. den his dissertation on the circulation of 1855. The bombardment of Sebastopol the blood through the veins. was reopened WIth 157 guns and mortars 1710. LOUISE FRANCOISE VALLIERE, wife on the part of the British, and above 300 of the duke of Orleans, and mistress of on the part of the French. Louis XIV, died. She spent the last 35 years of her life in a cloister in acts of piety and devotion. JUNE 7. 1745. A body of Silesian peasants, at Landshut, 2000 in number, sought per­ 218. MARCUS OPILIUS SEVERUS MACRINU'S, mission of the king.. Frederick II, to mas­ emperor of Rome, beheaded by his sol­ sacre the Romau catholics. He rEifused to diers. He was an African, and rose from allow the barbarous demand. the obscurest situation to the throne on 1749. Conspiracy of the Turkish slaves the death of Caracalla. at Malta to exterminate the orderof knights. 632. MAHOMET (or Mohammed), founder 1761. British under lord Rolla took of the Islam religion, died, aged 62. His Dominica. followers are now computed at one hun­ 1762. GEORGE ANSON, the circumnavi­ dred millions. gator, died, aged 62. His life was spent 1099. The army of Christians compris­ upon the ocean, and he rendered important ing the first crusade, encamped before services to his country, for which he was Jerusalem. The first army led on by Pe­ rewarded. ter the Hermit, numbered at the outset 1780. Riots in London continued, oc­ 300,000; another of 600,000 followed, casioned by the property act. The rioters burning with zeal to rescue the holy land liberated the prisoners confined in the from the Moslem dominion. Battle, de­ prisons, and totally destroyed Newgate by sertion and disease had thinned their ranks fire. so that now there remained scarce 22,000 1794. Point a Petre, Guadalonpe, storm­ fit for the field, of all that vast host that ed by the Prench. had marshaled in Europe. 1799. PATRICK HENRY, an eminent Vir­ 1329. ROBERT BRUCE, king of Scotland. ginian patriot, orator and statesman, died, died. He succeeded by repeated and aged 63. He was chosen the first governor arduous efforts in freeing his country from of Virginia, on the abdication of lord the English yoke, and when he had ac­ Dnnmore. complished his purpose, he devoted him­ 1800. Sir EDWARD PELLEW'S sqnadron self to advance the prosperity of his sub­ landed and destroyed the forts at Morbi­ jects. han, in Prance, blew up the magazines, 1520. Pamous interview between HENRY destroyed the guns, took 100 prisoners, 2 VIII of England and Francis I of France, brigs of 18 guus, 2 sloops and 2 gun ves­ upon "the field of the cloth of gold," on sels. English ground. It continued eighteen 1807. Battle of Deppen, in which the days. French cut to pieces a body of Russians. i546. Archbishop CRANMER and the 1807. Battle of Eylau, between the queen accused of heresy, but protected by French and Russians; 30,000 of the latter Hcnry. were killed. 1565. Sir TrroMAs GRESHAM, laid the 1808. Spanish Junta declared war against foundation ofthe RoyalExchange, London, Bonaparte. Same day he issued a degree on the model of the Mart at Antwerp, then at Bayonne, declaring his brother Joseph the centre of commerce. :Iring of Spain and the Indies. 1593. LOPEZ, a Jew, the queen's physi­ 1832. Riots commenced in Paris be­ cian, convicted and with others executed, tween theCarlists and republicans united, for conspiring to destroy Elizabeth. and the National guards. The rioters 1629. Charters graned to patroons in the were finally overpowered, after several colony of New Netherland, now New days' resistance andgreat slaughter. York. 1832. JEREMY BENTHAM, a celebrated 1660. An order of council that the Sta- 222 EVERY DAY BOOK. [June 7. tioners' company do seize and deliver to 1780. About 5000 British under Knyp­ the secretary of state, all copies of llu­ hausen, Tryon and Stirling, left Staten chanan's History of Scotland, and De Jure Island and entered Elizabethtown, N. J.; Regni apud Scotus, " which are very perni­ continuing their march five miles farther cious to monarchy, and injurious to his to Connecticut farms, they shot the minis­ majesty's blessed progenitors." ter's wife in the midst of her children, 1663. Second war at Esopus, now Kings­ burnt the house and church, and had ton, in Ulster county, New York. much other pastime of the like character. 1673. Action betwe81i the Dutch admiral 1786. A small manuscript volume of de Ruyter, and the French and English prayers composed and written by queen fleets, commanded by d'Estrees. Elizabeth, sold at auction for 100 guineas. 1692. Great earthquake in Jamaica; 1794. Battle of Chelm; the Poles de­ nine-tenths of Port Royal buried under feated by the Russians. water, and terrible devastations were made 1795. The royalist expedition against over the whole island.· About 1000 acres Quiberon, assisted by English muni­ were sunk northward of the city, and tions and money, terminated disastrously 2000 persons perished; and 3000 white for the royal cause. The Republicans ob­ inhabitants perished of pestilential dis­ tained possession of clothing and equip­ eases ascribed to the putrid eflluvia issuing ments which had been landed for 40,000 from the apertures. men. 1711. HENRY DODWELL, a learned Eng­ 1795. Luxemburgh in Belgium, under lish writer, died, aged 70. His writings, marshal baron de Ben'der, surrendered to which are very numerous, and which the French under Gen. Hatry. prove him to have been a man of indefati­ 1798. Battle of Antrim; lord O'Niel gable diligence and extensive learning, killed with a pike. are on controversial, theological and clas­ 1805. The Antigua convoy for England, sical subjects. captured and burnt by the combined 1731. WILLIAM AIKMAN, an eminent French and Spanish fleet8. Scottish painter, died. He was the inti­ 1811. Tremendous hail storm at Alexan­ mate friend of the most distinguished dria, Virginia. characters of the day in England, whose 1826. JOSEPH VON TRAUNHOFER, died; portraits he painted, and thus unwittingly a celebrated German optician. added much to their celebrity. 1831. SARAH SIDDONS, a celebrated Eng­ 1751. JOHN MACHIN, a noted English lish tragic actress, died. She was the astronomer, died. He is the author of a daughter of Roger Kemble, manager of a method of determining the quadrature of strolling company, married Siddons in her the circle. 18th year, and in 1782, appeared at Drury 1753. ARCHIBALD CAMERON, brother of Lane in the character of Isabella. Her Lochiel, executed; recently the estates of course from that time was a perpetual tri­ this attainted family have been restored. umph, and in 1812 she retired to private The execution of this gentleman has al­ life with an ample fortune. ways been held as a specimen of ministerial 1836. NATITAN DRAKE, an English physi­ cruelty. cian, died; also a highly respectable and 1761. Belleisle, on the coast of Brittany, voluminons author. surrendered to the British. Its reduction 1836. JOHN PRINCE, an American clergy­ cost an immense sum, besides the loss of man, died at Salem, Mass., aged 85; dis· 2000 choice troops, who perished in the tinguished for his talents and literary expedition. British had 313 killed and acquirements, and for his improvements 494 wounded. in the air pump. 1769. ANTHONY ALEXANDF.R HENRY 1840. FREDERICK WILLIAM III, king of POINSINET, died; a French dramatic writer. Prussia, died, aged 70. He is characterized 1775. The general court of Massachusetts as an honest, just and economical ruler. met at Salem, and chose delegates to the Destined to take an active part in the first congress. great events which followed the French 1779. WILLIAM WARBURTON, bishop of revolution, his reign was distinguished by Gloucester, died; an English prelate of great vicissitudes of ill fortune and suc­ great abilities. cess. He left a fortune of nearly twenty 1780. London riots continued. King's millions of dollars. bench, Fleet prison, New Bridewell, and 1848. GEORGE TRIPNER, an officer of the the toll gates on Blackfriar's bridge, &c., revolution, died at Philadelphia, aged 87. burnt. 'rh" military fired on the rioters, He was at many of the severest battles of killed 210 and wounded 258. the war, and throughout the entire cam­ 1780. Unsuccessful attempt of the Span­ paign rendered no little service to his iards with 10 fire ships to burn 3 British country. ships in the new mole, Gibralter bay. 1848. Whig convention at Philadelphia June 7.] EVERY DAY BOOK. 223 nominated Gen. Zachary Taylor for the diplomatist under Elizabeth, died. He presidency. wrote an account of his embassy in Rus­ 1852. HOSEA BALLOU, a distinguished sia, 1568, which may be found in Hakluyt's universalist preacher, died, aged 80. He Voyages. was excluded from the baptist church, 1683. JOHN DURELL, an eminent Eng­ and hegan to preach in 1791. lish divine, died. His writings are chiefly 1853. Important amendments were made controversial. to the New York city charter, restraining 1692. HENRY ARNAuLD,a French ec­ the power of municipal officers in money clesiastic, died. He was nearly half a cen­ matters, which were adopted by a vote of tury bishop of Ang~rs, and devoted him­ 36,672 against 3,351. self incessantly to the duties of his office. 1855. 'fhe allies attacked and carried 1695. CHlUSTIAN HUYGENS, a celebrated some of the Russian outworks at Sebas­ Dutch mathematician, died. He made topol; the French, those in front of the several astronomical discoveries, and im­ Mamelon, and the British the quarries in proved the air pump. His works com­ of the Redan. The Russians made six front prise 6 vols. 4to. attempts in the course of the night to 1709. Paper money first authorized and recover them, but without success. British issued in New York. loss in killed and wounded 30 officers and 1711. CATHARINE LASCAILLE, daughter 433 men; French loss in killed and wound­ of the celebrated Holland printer, James ed estimated at 400; 75 guns and 502 Lascaille, who herself was so famed as a prisoners were taken' from the Russians. poet, as to be called the Dutch Sappho, oc 1856. CHRISTIAN WULF, a Danish naval the tenth muse, died in Holland. officer, died at Beaufort, N. C., aged 46. 1714. The princess SOPHIA died; fourth He was sometime at the head of the naval daughter of the king of Bohemia by Eli­ academy at 'copenhagen, and inheriting zabeth, only daughter of James I, of Eng­ the literary taste of his father, admiral land. She was the mother of George 1. Wulf, he translated Shakspere, and Ban­ 1727. AUGUSTUS HER~rAN PRANCKE died; croft's History cif the United States, and at professor of oriental languages and of di­ the time of his death was making the tour vinity at Halle, and distinguished for his of the United States. learning and piety. 1747. THAMAS KOULI KHAN, the Persian JUNE 8. conqueror, assassinated. He rose from the humble rank of a shepherd boy, to be 68. CLAUDIUS DOMITlUS NERO, emperor the captain of a band of robbers, which in of Rome, destroyed himself at the age of time became sufficiently formidable to place 32, and the 14th of his dominion. He had him on the throne of Persia. He extended committed every enormity, and finding his conquests into India, and overran some himself at last the inevitable victim of a of its richest provinces. conspiracy, he was doomed to see his own 1755. Action off Newfoundland, between grave prepared, and died with his eyes the British ship Dunkirk, 60 guns, and standing out of his head, to the terror of 420 men and boys, and the Prench ship all that beheld him. Alcide, 64 guns, 700 men. The Alcide 1042. HARDICANUTE died at a nuptial stmck in about 30 minutes; the slanghter feast of a Danish lord. By his death the on board of her was very great, the first connection between the kingdoms of Eng­ broadside killing 47 men and officers. The land and Denmark was severed. governor of Louisburg and 4 officers of 1316. LOUIS X (Hutin), king of Navarre, note were taken, and £30,000. died, aged 26. During his short reign the 1764. 'WILLIAM PULTENEY, an English Jews were protected and encouraged in statesman, died. He was many years the his dominions. friend of Walpole, finally opposed his 1376. EDWARD, prince of Wales (called measnres and was disgraced. He continued the black prince from the color of his ar­ his opposition with so much zeal and mor), died, aged 46. He distinguished spirit, that Walpole was in turn disgraced, himself as a warrior under his father Ed­ and himself rose in his place. ward III in the war with France, in sev­ 1768. ABBE JOHN WINCKELMAN, a cele­ eral famous battles, and was the idol of the brated German antiquary, assassinated at nation. Trieste. He was the son of a shoemaker, 1405. Archbishop SCROOP beheaded at and sometime engaged in the same busi. York, England, for insurrection. ness himself. His labors were indefatiga­ 1536. HENRY VIII's new parliament ble, and his works possess great merit. passed an act of attainder against Anne 1768. ANDREW MILLAR, the most dis­ Boleyn, and declared both divorces legal, tinguished bookseller of his times, died in and the issue illegitimate. London. Dr. Johnson said he had raised 1590. T'uoMAS RANDOLPH, an English the price of literature. 224 EVERY DAY BOOK. [June 8.

1776. Unsuccessful attempt of 800 Amer­ born on Staten island, of Dutch parent­ icans to surprise the British at the village age, and was a soldier in the regular serv­ of Trois Rivieres, Canada; 200 were taken ice nearly 60 years. He died in Warren prisoners. Same day the Americaus un­ county, Tenncssce, and was the last sur­ der col. De Haas, burnt St. Annes, on the vivor of the old French war in Canada. St. Lawrence. 1842. HENRY BROOK PARNELL, famed as 1781. A reinforcement of 1,500 French a political writer and liberalist, died by troops landed at Boston, and marched to his own hand. join Rochambeau at White plains. 1842. J AMES BARBOUR, a distinguished 1782. HYDER ALLY surrounded and cut American statesman, died in Orange co., off the advanced body of the British army Virginia. under sir Eyre Coote. 1844. JAMES WADSWORTH, a distinguish­ 1788. £1,340,00C voted on motion of ed and wealthy citizen of western New Mr. Pitt for the benefit of American loyal­ Yark, died at Geneseo. ists. 1845. ANDREW JACKSON, an American 1793. British order in council to capture general and statesman, died, aged 78. He vessels bound to France with corn meal or was the seventh president of the United flour, the cargoes to be paid for. States. 1794. Festival in Paris dedicated to the 1854. GEORGE H. TALCOTT, a captain of Supreme Being. ordinance in the United States army, died 1794. Corsica united to England. at Indian springs, aged 43. He was a na­ 1794 GODFRED AUGUSTUS BVRGER, a tive of Maryland, and graduated at West­ German poet, died, aged 46. point in 1831. 1795. LOUIS XVII (the dauphin), died. 1856. HElmy WARE \VALES, an Ameri­ The unhappy prince was put in charge of can linguist, died at Paris, aged 37, be­ a wretch, on the execution of his father, queathing a large and valuable library to by the name of Simon, a cobbler, with the Harvard college. instructions that he was to be got rid of. 1857. DOUGLAS JERROI,D, an English Accordingly, by the most severe treatment, dramatist and journalist, died, aged 54. by beating, cold, vigils, fasts, and ill usage He was an extraordinary genius, and con­ of every kind, he sank to the grave. tributed to almost. every department of 1806. GEORGE WYTHE, a signer from literature. Virginia, died, aged 81. He was a learned and upright man. . JUNE 9. 1807. Battle of Gutstadt, in which the French under Bonaparte defeated 10,000 587 B. c. On the 9th Thammug, an Russian cavalry, and 15,000 infantry, especial fast of the Jews was observed for taking 1,000 prisoners. the taking of Jerusalem under Nebuchad­ 1809. 'l'HOMAS PAINE, a political writer nezzar, king of Babylon, on that day. of great force during the revolution, died, 597. COLUMBA, the founder of the fa­ aged 72. His writings were deemed of so mous monastry of Iona, or Icolmkill, in much service that the legislature of Penn­ the Scottish Hebrides, died. 'l'his island sylvania voted him £500, and New York was in that age the luminary of the Cale­ madc him a grant of land. His life and donian regions. conduct subsequently was extremely im­ 911. LEO VI (the philosopher), emperor of prudent and reprehensible. the cast, died. He was a politic monarch, 1809. Battle of Viga; the French, 8,000, the patron of men of letters, and an ex­ under Ney, attacked 12,000 Spaniards un­ cellent author himself. der Carera; and were repulsed. . 1075. HENRY IV defeated the Saxons at 1810. Mequienza, in Arragon, surrender­ Thuringia. ed to the French under Suchet. This 1099. The siege of Jerusalem opened by terminated the fourth campaign in the the first crusaders. Godfrey of Bouillon north of Spain. erected his standard on the first swell of 1811. Extraordinary agitation of the sea mount Calvary; to the left as far as St. and earthquake at Cape Town. Stephen's gate the line of attack was con­ 1813. Americans under general LEWIS tinued by'l'ancred and the two Roberts, broke up their encampment by order of and count Raymond established his head general Dearborn, and returned to Fort quarters from the citadel to the fort of George. The British succeeded in disp81's­ mount Sion. ing the boats with the baggage belonging 1496. COLUMBUS returned to Spain from to his command, and captured 12 of them. his second voyage. 1832. The first case of cholera asphixia 1536. Dr. HEYLIN says: On this day the in America occurred on this day at Quebec. clergy of London agreed upon the form of 1838. JOHN LUSK, a soldier of the revo- a petition to king Henry, for permission lution, died, aged 104 years. He was to the people to read the Bible. June 9.] EVERY DAY BOOK.

1553. Battle of Sieverhausen in the 1798. Battle of Arklow, in Ireland, be­ Duchy of Lunenberg, in which Albert of tween the United Irishmen and British. Brandenburgh was defeated by thfl confed­ More than 20,000 of the insurgents, under erates. His camp equipage taken and father Murphy, arlvanced against the town, 4,000 killed. which was defended by only 1,600 men. 1586. Great earthquake in Lima. The contest was continued with great ob­ 1625. First child of white parents born stinacy till nightfall, when the rebels re­ in Brooklyn, New York. tired. Father Murphy was killed by a can­ 1674. The English parliament prorogued non ball. on account of the differences between the 1798. An eruption of the peak of Tene­ lords and commons. It is said more than riffe. It continued 4 months and 6 days, £200,000 was spent in bribing the com­ had 4 mouths, and projected rocks 3,000 mons. feet. 1681. WILLIAM LILLY, a famous En­ 1811. Second unsuccessful attack on glish astrologer, died. He made quite a fort San Christoval, Badajos, by the Brit­ snug fortune out ofthe cavaliers and round­ ish under lord Wellington. heads by predicting for both parties. The 1814. United States brig Rattlesnake, parliament under Cromwell gave him lieut. Renshaw, captured and rlestroyed £100 a year for flattering their prospects, British brig John, laden with English and he was complimented with a gold goods. chain and medal by the king of Sweden. 1824. WILLIAM OXBERRY, the comedian, He also made a handsome business by his died by apoplexy, the consequence of over almanacs and other publications. living. This was acting tragedy. 1696. ANTOINE VA'RlLAS, a French his­ 1825. ABRAHAM REES, the cyclopedist, torian, died. His works were popular for died.. He was born in Wales, and edu­ a time, until they were discovered to be cated for a dissenting minister, and offi­ very inaccurate, and carelessly compiled. ciated as such more than 40 years. He 1724. BENRDICT PICTET, a Swiss profess­ publisherl sermons, and contributed to the or of theology at Geneva, died. He pos­ Monthly Review, but is best known as the sessed greatabilities and learning, and pub­ editor'of the Cyclopedia, 47 vols. quarto. lished several valuable works. 1826. JEnEDIAII MORSE died, aged 65; 1758. 'rhe English effected a landing at author of the geography so well known. Louisbourg. 1829. Battle of Oriva, in Turkey; the 1770. British settlers expelled from the Russians, under general Geismar, assaulted Falkland islands by a large Spanish force. and took the town. They were restored the following year, 1834. WIUIAM CAREY, the devoted and when the dispute wa~ ended. pious missionary, died. 1775. Force of the American armyas­ 1836. Battle of Micanopy; about 200 In­ sembled at Cambridge, 1,581 officers, dians defeated by a detachment of United 6 063 privates; total 7,644. States troops under Heilman. '1776. JOHN IVES, an eminent English 1839. War declared by the sultan of antiquary, died, aged 25. He had accom­ TurI,:ey against Mehemet Ali of Egypt, and plished much at his early age, but had his son Ibrahim, deposing them from the published only three papers from his col­ government of Egypt and Syria. lection. 1846. The water in lake Ontario had 1779. WILLIAM KENRICK, an English fallen 14 inches since the 24th March. (See dramatist and miscellaneous writer, died. Aug. 21.) He was originally a mechanic, and became 1849. CHAllLES ALDEllT, ex-king of Sar­ an author of great popularity and merit. dillla, died on his arrival at Portugal, soon 1790. ROBERT ROBINSON, a self-taught after his abdication. English preacher, died. He was an ap­ 1850. JOHY MELCHER, the oldest printer prentiee to a wig and curl maker, when in N. H., died at Portsmouth, aged 90. Whitefield attracted his attention, and he 1853. Father GAVAZZI, an emissary of became a methodist preacher. He soon the pope to America, caused a riot by his after became a baptist, and preached that preaching at Montreal. A mob attacked doctrine a number of years, and was ex­ him in the pulpit; the military fired upon tremely popular. He finally became a the people, and 10 persons were killed unitarian, and died at Birmingham while and 16 wounded. on a visit to Priestly, before he had time 1854. The emperor and empress of to shift his opinions to any thin1i elSA. France attended the first agricultural ex­ 1795. The only son of the unfortunate hibition ever held in Paris. king LOUIS XVI died in the 'rempIe in his 12th year. The convention agreed to ex­ change his sister for the commissioners, betrayed by Dumourier to Austria. 29 226 EVERY DAY BOOK. [June 10.

JUNE 10. 1710. The German emigrants, who fled from the devastations committed in the 312. CONSTANTINE (the Great) called the palatinate of the Rhine, by Louis XIV, ar­ first council of Nice to determine on the rived in New York. Arian heresy. 1719. Battle of Glenshields in Scotland, 1190. FREDERICK I (Barbarossa), emperor which ended the Spanish invasion. of Germany, died in Syria, in consequence 1724. A party of volunteers at Oyster of bathing imprudently in the Cydnus. river, in New Hampshire, discovered an He was frequently engaged in quarrels Indian ambush, which they attacked, kill­ with the popes, but was at last persuaded ed one, and wounded two others, who to tnrn his arms against the Saracens. He made their escape, though pursued and marched a nnmerous army into Asia and tracked by their blood to a cOI18iderable was victorions over all that opposed him. distance. The slain Indian was a person 1429. Battle of Jargeau; the place was of distinction, and wore a kind of coronet carried by storm by the French, who were of scarlet-dyed fur, with an appendage lead on by Joan of Arc. On reaching the of four small bells, by the sound of which top of the wall she received a blow on the the others might follow him through the head, which precipitated her into the ditch. thickets. His hair was remarkably soft Being unable to rise, she continned to ex­ and fine, and he had about him a devo­ hort her friends, assnring them that the tional book and a muster-roll of 180 In­ Lord had delivered the English into their dians. His scalp produeed a bounty. hands. 1726. ANTHONY ALSOP, an English prelate 1530. The college of Bologna determined and poet, died. that the marriage law in the book of Levi­ 1735. THOMAS HEARNE, an English an­ ticus, being a part of the law of nations, tiquary, died. He edited nearly forty as well as of the law of Moses and of God, works, some of them classics, but prin­ is binding on the whole Christian church, cipally relative to ancient English history as wen as infidels; and therefore, gave and antiquities. their decision against the legality of Hen­ 1739. Grosvenor square centre house ry's marriage with Catharine of Arragon. valued at £10,000, was raflled for and won 1584. Two barks fitted out by Raleigh, by :Mrs. Hunt, a grocer's wife in Piccadilly. underthe command of Barlow and Amidas, 1761. Indian battle; the Cherokees de­ arrived in the West Indies, npon a voyage feated by the British under colonel Grant, of discovery. They returned to England and their town Etchoe utterly destroyed, about the middle of September, having together with their magazines and corn­ taken possession of a new country, which fields. so pleased the qneen, Elizabeth, that she 1768. Riot in Boston, headed by captain llamed it Virginia. Malcom, on account of the seizure of the 1593. Date of the Leghorn or Livorno sloop Liberty, belonging to Mr. Hancock, indulto, by which merchants of all nations by the commissioners of the king's cus­ and of every religion were invited to settle toms. in the town. :Many Jews from Spain 1772. 'l'he Gaspee, an armed British availed themselves of this privilege. schooner, having exacted some degrading 1604. ISABELLA ANDREINI, a famous terms of the Amcrican vessels entering the Italian actress, died. She distinguished port of Providence, a body of the in­ herself equally as a poetess, and possessed, habitants boarded her, put the officers and with great personal beauty, wit and genins crew ashore, and burnt the vessel with all in a superior degree. her stores. 1610. The first Dutch emigrants to Ame­ 1792. Russians attacked a detachment of rica landed at Manhattan, now New York. Poles, under general Judycki, between 1654. ALEXANDRE ALGARDI, a 1301l'gnese :Mire and Swierza; but were defeated, with sculptor, died. He was employed to res­ the loss of 500 dead on the field. tore the garden of Sallust; many of his 1798. BON AP ARTE attacked Valetta, in original pieces have been engraved. Malta, and in a sortie the Maltese lost the 1667. The Dutch fieet, commanded by standard of their order. de Ruyter, sailed up the river Medway, in 1800. Battle of Montebello, in Italy, in England, as far as Chatham, and destroyed which the Austrians were defeated, and several men of war. compelled to retire to Voghera. 1692. BRIDGET BISHOP hanged at Salem, 1801. The pasha of Tripoli declared war :Mass., for witchcraft. against the United States of America, 1692. An army of French and Indians 1806. The British honse of lords resolved made a furious attack on the garrison at abolish the slave trade, Wells, in Maine, commanded by captain 1807. Battle of Heilsburg, in Prussia. Wells, who, after a brave and resolute de­ The French, under Bonaparte, defeated fence, drove them off with great loss. the Russians, who fell back into their June 10.] EVERY DAY BOOK. 227 entrenchments. About 4,000 Russians were was for many years in the ministry, especi­ taken prisoners. Roussel had his head ally as first lord of the admiralty. carried oft· by a cannon ball, and Murat 1854. The Crystal palace at Sydenham, had two horses shot under him. The Rus­ England, was opened by the queen, Vic­ sians retreated the next night. toria; 40,000 persons being present. 1809. Pope PIUS VII excommunicated nonapart~. 1811. Lord WELLINGTON raised the siege JUNE 11. of Badajos. The French governor, Phil­ lipon made a brave and noble defence. 1656 A. ~L The tops of the mountains 1831. FRANCIS ABBOT, the Hermit of were seen, 73 days after the waters of the Niagara Falls, drowned while bathing in deluge began to subside, 1stof 10th month, the river. He was a native of England, answering to this day. of quaker parentage. He arrived at the 1184 B. c. The destruction of Troy is falls in June, 1829, on foot, in a very placed commonly by English chronologists singular costume, and after a week's re­ in the night of this day; an event which sidence became so fascinated with the place Homer has invested with unrivaled im­ that he determined on fixing his abode on portance, and a gorgcous immortality. (See Goat island. He sought seclusion, and April 24.) wished to erect a hut, but the proprietor 534 B. C. SERVIITS TULLIUS, sixth king of not thinking proper to grant his request, Rome, assassinated. He is celebrated for he took a small room in the only house, his laws on the subjects of rank and pro­ where he was occasionally furnished with perty. He was mmdcred by his son-in­ bread aud milk by the family, but more law, the second Tarquin. generally providing, and always cooking 90 B. c. The consul RUTILIUS Lupus was his own food. In the second winter of destroyed with his forces, by an ambus­ his residence, the house changed tenants, cade, near the river Livis, during the so­ at which he quitted the island and built cial war. himself a small cottage on the main shore, 816. LEO III, pope, diad. A conspiracy about thirty rods below the fall. He was was formed against him in 799, and it was a person of highly cultivated mind and only through the power of Charlemagne manners, a master of languages, and deeply that he was enabled to keep the pontifical read in the arts and sciences, and perform­ chair. He was an able pontiff. ed on various musical instruments with 1183. Prince HESRY, son of Henry II of great taste; his drawings were also very England, died, aged 27. He is sometimes spirited. He had traveled over Europe, called Henry III, on account of his rebel­ and parts of the East, and possessed great lion against his father. colloquial powers wIlen inclined to be 1258. The great council of reform, called sociable. On entering his hut, his guitar, the mad parliament, assembled at Oxford. violin, flutes, music books and port folio Every member was sworn to allow no con­ were scattered round in profusion; but sideration, "neither of gift nor promise, not a single written paper of any kind was profit nor loss, love nor hatred, nor fear," found to throw the least light on this ex­ to influence him in the discharge of his traordinary character. duty. 1831. General DIEBITSCII, commander of 1289. Battle of Campaldino, in Italy, in the Russian forces in Poland, died, by the which the Florentines defeated the people official accounts of ch)lera; it is supposed of Arezzo. The poet Dante, then in his by poison. 24th year, was present, and served in the 1836. JEAN MARIE AMPERE, famed as a foremost troop of cavalry. He says, "the mathematician and natural philosopher, Uberti, Lamberti and Abati, with all the died. Near the ClOSb of his life he busied excitizcns of Florence who adhered to the himself with a classification of the sciences, Ghibelline interest, were with Aretini; a work from which great minds before him while those inhabitants of Arezzo, who, had shnmk. owing to their attachment to the Guelph 1837. The plague at Smyrna committed party, had been banished from their own great ravages; about 300 died daily for city, were ranged on the side of the Flo­ some time. rentines." 1839. JOHN RIDGE, a Cherokee, murdered. 1294. ROGER BACON, an eminently learned lIe was educated at the Cornwall school in monk of the Franciscan order, died, aged Connecticut, where he married a respect­ 80. He was a miracle of the age in which able white woman. He was a practicing he lived, and the greatest genius, perhaps, attorney among the Cherokees, and a man for mechanical knowledge, that ever ap­ of talents. peared in the world since Archimedes. 1851. ROBERT DUNDAS, viscount Melville, (1292 b,1 some authorities.) British statesman, died, aged 80. He 1381. W AT TYLER assembled his fol- 228 EVERY DAYBOOK. [June 11. lowers at Blackheath, amounting to 100,­ malignant than any other epidemic which 000 men. had ever been known in the country. 1520. A grand tournament between 1695. ANDREW FELIBIEN, counselor and Henry VIII of England and Francis I of historiographer to the king of France, died. France, at Guines. "At the houre as­ He was also celebrated for his taste and signed," says Holinshed, "the two kings, judgment in the fine arts, and his Dialogues armed at all peeces, mounted on horsse­ upon the Lives of the Painters has done him backe, and with their companies, entered great honor. the field; the French king on a courser 1698. BALTHAZAR BEKKER, a Dutch di­ barbed, covered with purple sattin, broch­ vine, died. His writings got him ihto ed with gold, and embroidered with cor­ trouble with the church, which was alarm­ bin's feathers. All the parteners of the ed at some very harmless notions he enter­ French king's chalenge were in like ap­ tained about spirits and devils. pareD, everie thing correspondent in cloath 1712. LEWIS JOSEPH, duke de Vendome, of silke embrodered. On his person were died. He was a descendant of Henry IV attendant on horssebackp, noble persons, of France, and distinguished himself un­ and on foot foure persons, all apparelled der Philip V of Spain, whom he succeeded in purple sattin." in raising to the throne, in opposition to 152£i. Holy league against the emperor the e1aims of Charles III, archduke of Charles V. Austria. 1543. NICHOLAS COPERNICUS, the astro­ 1719. A terrible earthquake happened nomer, died on this day, accurding to La­ at Pekin, in China, throwing down houses lande, who says, in his History of Astro­ and burying more than 1,000 inhabitants nomy for 1798, "The death of the great in the ruins. Copernicus was, till lately, a problem. I 1727. GEORGE I, king of England, died resolved it in my tour. Copernicus died in his carriage near Osnabruck, in Germany, on the 11th of June, 1543, although Gas­ aged 68. lIe was the first king of Eng­ seudi and Weidler date this circumstance laDd of the hous8 of Brunswick, and had on the 24th May, and Planche the 11th of reigned 13 years. July." (See May 24.) 1756. CJIlSAR CIIESNEAU DU MARSAIS, a 1567. Flight of MARY, queen of Scots, French grammarian, died. He was engaged and her husband, Bothwell, from Borth­ in the Encyclopedie, and his articles on wick castle to Dunbar. grammar are drawn up with great pre­ 1576. ANTHONY COOKE, preceptor of Ed­ cision, correctness and judgment. ward VI, died. He also educated his own 1776. Congress appointed Thomas Jeffer­ daughters, who were "learned above their son, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin and sex in Greek and Latin." Robert R. Livingston, a committee to pre­ 1576. MARTIN FIlOBISHER was despatch­ pare a Declaration of Independence. ed with three pinnaces to discover a north­ 1783. Great eruption of the Scaptar Jo­ west passage, bnt compelled by the ice to kul, in Iceland, commenced, and continu­ return. He was the first navigator who ed several days (see 18th). attempted to fiud a northwest passage to 1792. The first bank in New Hampshire China. commenced discounting at Portsmouth. 1578. Queen ELIZABETH granted letters 17!J2. Battle of Mire; the Polish general patent to Humphrey Gilbert for the dis­ Judycki, surrounded by the Russians, de­ covery and settlement of "barbarous lands feated, and compelled to retreat. in America, undiscovered by any Christian 1793. N. GOUVION, a French officer, kill­ prince or people." This was the first ed at Maubeuge, on the Sambre. He served charter granted by the crown of England in America in the war of the revolution, to a colony. and at the time of his death was a general 1665. KENELM DIGBY, an eminent Eng­ in the army of the north. • lish philosopher, died. He was also in the 1793. WILLIAM ROBERTSON, the Scottish employ of the government as a soldier and historian, died. His works are popular, a statesman. He was brave, learned and and the Hi.,tory 0/ Charles V will be long eloquent, but somewhat visionary. read with admiration. 1685. The duke of MONMOUTH landed at 1796. St. Vincent, Grenada, and St. Lu­ Lyme, Dorsetshire with men and arms in cia islands in the West Indies were taken opposition to James II. by the British. ·1693. An expedition fitted out in Eng­ 1798. BONAPARTE seized Malta, the key land against Canada and Martinique, ar­ of the Mediterranean, which he garrisoned, rived in Boston. During the voyage, 1,300 and proceeded with the fleet, carrying out of 2,100 sailors, and 1,800 out of 2,400 20,000 regular troops, to the Egyptian soldiers, had died of a malignant disease. coast. On the arrival of the fleet the' disease 1800. SAMUEL IRELAND, an ingenious spread into the town, and proved more English mechanic, died. He distinguished June 11.] EVERY DAY BOOK. 229 himself by his skill in drawing and en-I diery, after a reign of 15 months. He was graving. He was unjustly accuRed of an of humble birth, but rose by his merits to attempt to impose upon the world a spuri. the most eminent posts of the state, and ous volume of letters and papers in the was raised to the imperial dignity on the name of Shakspeare. (See April 17th, death of Gordian. He made salutary laws 1835.) and reformed abuses. 1812. A great skirmish of cavalry in 1099. The army of crusaders who had Estremadura, Spain, between the English encamped before Jerusalem, made a furious under general Slade, and the French under attack on this city, and amid a storm of general Lallemand. arrows and fire balls, burst the first barrier, 1825. DANIH D. TOMPKINS, a distin- and strove to surmount the walls by es­ guished New York statesman, died, aged calade. The want of proper imtruments 51. He was vice-president of the United rendered the assault abortive, and the fol­ States under Mr. Monroe, and governor of lowers of the cross were driven back with the state of New York. shame and slaughter to their camp. This 1828. DUGALD STEWART, an eminent defeat was followed by suffering and pri­ Scottish philosopher and writer, died. vations, from the scarcity of provisions His philosophical works are well known. and water. 1829. Battle of Schoumla; the Turks 1211. Battle of Tolosa, in Spain, be- under the grand vizier defeated by the tween the Christians and Moors. Moham­ Russians under general Diebitsch, with the med Aqu Abdallah, at the head of a loss of 6,000 killed, 1,500 prisoners, and powerful army. one of the five divisions of 60 pieces of cannon. Russian loss, 1,400 which, according to the Arabic and Span­ killed, 600 wounded. ish historians, amounted to 160,000 men, 1842. ALEXANDER CROMBIE died at Lon- made a descent from Africa, with the de­ don. As a scholar and a critic, a meta- sign of conquering the whole Spanish physician and a theologian, his name peuinsula. Such was the terror which stands high among the first writers of the this vast armament inspired among the age. Christians, that Innocent III, proclaimed a 1845. THEODORE DWIGHT, secretary of crusade, and several bishops went from the Hartford convention, died, aged 81. town to town to rouse the Christian He was editor of the Connecticut Mirror, princes. The kings of Castile, Arragon published at lIartford, and in 1815 estab- and Navarre, with a numerous body of lished the .Jl11Jany Daily .Jldvertiser, the first foreign volunteers, advanced to stop the daily paper in that city. In 1817 he be- progress of the Moslems. The two armies came editor of the New York Daily .Jldver- m6t in Las Navas de Tolosa, between Cas­ tiser. tile and Andalusia. The result of the 1849. Great excitement at Paris, and a engagement was so complete a victory proposition to impeach the president for over the Africans, that Mohammed had a his aiding the cause of the pope, signed by narrow escape, and left no less than 170,­ Ledru Rollin and 141 others. 000 men in the field; the rest fied for 1849. Ancona capitulated to the Austri- safety. ans after a very destructive bombardment. 1268. BnBARs, the sultan of Syria, took 1853. GUERAZZI, ex-minister of Tuscany, possession of Antioch. The Latin princi­ tried for high treason a~ :B'lorence, and paUty was extinguished, and the whole foundguil!y, was sentenced to fifteen years' existence of the Franks was now confined imprisonment, which was subsequently to the city of Ptolemais. commuted to perpetual exile. 1402. Battle of MeUenydd, in Radnor- 1854. TnOMAS H. BOT'rs died at Fred- shire, 'Vales, in which Owen Glendour, ericksbnrg, Va., aged 54; a lawyer, and the last of the native Welsh princes, de­ ane of the leading men of his profession. featcd and captured sir Edmund Mortimer. 1418. Massacre at Paris, at night, by the direction, if not. under the eye of John, JUNE 12. duko of Burgundy, called the fearless. In the course of three days, 3500 persons 456 B. C. HERODOTUS recited his celebra­ were sacrificed. ted History at Athens, during the Olympic 1488. JAMES III, king of Scotland, killed. games, in his 29th year, on the 12 Heca­ He put his brother John to death, and tombreon. He had traveled with his work attempted the life of his other brother, from Caria. 'l'hucydides was then a boy; Alexander; he escaped, however, and lEschylus died in that year; Cimon was levied war against the tyrant, who had recalled from exile, and the Athenians rendered himself odious by his cruelties. completed their long walls. James was defeated in battle, and put to 455. MARCUS CLamus PUPIENUS MAXIMUS, death in a mill, by the daggers of his own emperor of Rome, murdered by the sol- subjects. 230 EVERY DAY BOOK. [June 12.

1565. ADRIAN TURNEBt'S, a French critic, lord John Russell, and their objeet seems died. Great encomiums have been passed to have been to oppose the succession of upon his genius and learning, as well as the duke of York. Russell and many the amiability of his private character. others suffered on the scaffold, Essex was 1630. Jam, 'WINTHROP, the first gover­ found with his throat cut in prison, and nor of Massachusetts, arrived at Salem, Monmouth was iu a short time reeoneiled with the charter of the colony. He settled to the king. at Shawmut, which was finally determined 1734. JA~IES, duke of Berwick, killed upon forthemetropolis, andnamed Boston. by a cannon shot at the siege of Phillips­ 1647. THOMAS FARNAllY, an English burgh, in Germany, while stauding be­ grammarian, died. His works display tween his two sons. No general of his great erudition. time excelled him in the art of war, except 1660. WILLIA~I OUGHTRED, an English his uncle, the duke of Marlboro'. divine and mathematician, died. He was 1759. WILUAM COLLINS, an English poet, disturbed in his retirement by the parti­ died. He was entirely neglected, and his sans of Cromwell, and escaped sequestra­ Odes, which possessed great merit, failed tion only by the interference of influential to attract any attention during his life friends. His works were small, but of time. great value to subsequent mathematicians. 1775. General GAGE, issued a proclama­ 1665. The city of New York incorporat­ tion at lloston, offering the king's pardon ed by governor Nichols; a mayor, 5 to all who would lay down their arms and aldermen and a sherifI' were appointed. return to their peaceable occupations, ex­ Prior to this, it had been governed by a cepting Samuel Adams and John Hancock, schaut, burgomasters and schepens. and at the same time he proclaimed martial 1672. The :French under Louis XIV, law. crossed the Rhine. The prince de Conde 1778. PHILIP LIVINGSTON, a signer and a was wounded for the first and only time strenuous advocate for th" declaration of during all his campaigns; but the young independence, died. He was a New York' duke de Longueville was killed. merchant, and became a prominent charac­ 1672. The government of England is­ ter in that city before the revolution. sued a proclamation to restrain the spread 1788. Settlement made at Sierre Leone of false news and licentious talking of by blacks from England. The town lots matters of state and government. were drawn for and apportioned this day. 1676. Attaek on Hadley by the Indians, 1794. Cauthon reported, and the Freneh to the number of 700, who were resolved convention deereed, the organization of on a grand effort to carry this post. The the revolutionary tribunal, consisting of attack was commenced at day-light, with a president, 3 ·viee-presidents, a public great spirit; they gained possession of a accuser, 4 deputies, 12 judges and 50 house, and fired a barn; but were in a jurors. short time driven back with loss. The 1786. Battle between the Chinese and attack was renewed on other points, the Eleuths, in a desert which the Chinese enemy appearing to be determined on had attempted to penetrate in pursuit of carrying the plaee; but the diseharge of a the retreating army. The Tartars under piece of ordnance cooled their ardor, and Kaldan, taking advantage of the exhausted they drew ofI ; and on assistance coming state of their e.nemy, gave them battle; from Northampton, the foe was driven into but were defeated and totally routed, with the woods, with a loss of two or three of the loss of 2000 killed, and all their wo­ the English. It is supposed to have been men, children, baggage and cattle, taken on this occasion that general Gaffe, one of by the Chinese. the judges of Charles I, who was at that 1788. The French troops took possession time coneealed with the minister at Had­ of the fortifications of Malta, and the fleet ley, made his appearance in so mysterious anchored in the ports. They found two a manner. At a moment when the people line of battle ships belonging to the Mal­ were in the greatest consternation, there tese, a frigate, three galleys, two galliots, appeared a man of venerable aspect, dif­ and several guard boats; 1500 pieces of fering from them in his apparel, who as­ artillery, 35,000 stand of small arms, 12,­ sumed the command, put them in order 000 barrels of powder, and a large quantity for defence, and by advice and example of shot and shell. The order of knights animated them throughout the attaek. from this day became virtually extinct; \Vhen the seene was over, on looking from a position of political importance it about for the stranger, he had disappeared, fell to the level of an 0 bscure association, and was seen no more-leaving the inhabit­ and such, as far as human foresight goes, ants to form the strangest conjectures. it is destined to remain. 1683. The Rye house plot discovered. 1798. The Irish rebels defeated with It was headed by Monmouth, Essex, and great slaughter at Ballynahinch by general June 12.] EVERY DAY BOOIt':. 231

Nugent. This quelled the insurrection in up in one of his own private houses, the north. where he was murdered a few days after. 1799. A division of the French army, 1633. Lord Baltimore obtained a grant under Olivier, took Modena, and drove for a tract of land in America, now the the Austrians lleyond the river Po. state of Maryland, which was first settled 1805. American ship Atahualpa, captain i by 11 colony of catholics. Porter, treacherously attacked by the In- 1666. Second charter granted to South dians while bartcring for skins in Stur- Carolina by Charles II. It was an enlarge­ gis's cove. Captain Porter and 8 of the ment of the previous charter, making the crew were killed, and 11 wounded. colony independent of anyother province. 1812. Putnam eounty l1l New York 1678. HENRY Scouu..n, an eminent erected. Scottish divine, died, aged 28. His great 1813. :Major CHAPIN and other American exertions to sustain himself as a professor prisoners taken at the head of the lake, of theology at St. Andrews, and as a and sent in boats for Kingston, when preacher, threw him into a consumption, arrived near York rose upon the guard, and he died greatly lamented. and after a short struggle took the boats 1710. Second great immigration of Pala- and returned to Niagara. -- tines. 1816. P,ERRE FRA"COIS CHARLES Au- 1721. A treaty concluded at Madrid with GEREAU, duke of Castiglione and marshal Great llritain. The ships employed for of France, died. He was the son of a fruit the traffic of negroes by the Royal com­ merchant, and served as a carabineer in pany of Great Britain, were tv be admitted, the Frepch army. He first distinguished without hindrance, to trade freely. himself in 1794, after which his career for 1757. Decree of pope Benedict XIV, a number of years was brilliant, and full prohibiting the use of any version of the of honor and glory. 'Bible in the common language. 1829. A large body of Turkish cavalry 1767. JAYfESWORSDALE died; an Eng- and infantry defeated near Kuganoff, and lish painter and dramatic writer. 600 killed. 1769. Corsica seized by the French. 1843. HEYRY R. CLEVELAND, aged 34, General Paoli fled, and embarked at Cor­ died at St. Louis, Mo. He was an elegant sica for England, where he remained until and graceful writer, and the author of the 1790. well written life of Henry Hudson, in 1770. VVO,ODFALL, the publisher of the Sparks' Biography. Lett,,·s of Jlmius, was prosecnted and found 1843, SAMUEL KIDD, professor of ori- by the jury guilty of printing and publish­ ental and Chinese literature in University ing only, which was tantamount to an ac- college, London, died, aged 42. quittal. 1846. More than 6000 persons driven 1777. WILLIAM BATTIE died; an emi. from their houses by a disastrous fire in nent English physician and medical writer. St. Johns, Newfoundland. 1780. Major-general Gates ordered by 1848. GEORGE POZER, a wealthy mer- congress to take command of the southern chant of Quebec, died, aged 95. department. 1848. Insurrection at Prague; the prin- 1780. A society formed in Philadelphia, cess of Windichgratz shot by the insur- under the name of the American daugh­ gents. ters of liberty, for the purpose of supply­ ing the soldiery with clothing. The city was JUNE 13. divided into 10 districts, and four appoint­ ed to each district to solicit subscriptions. 1483. ANTHONY WIDVILLE, earl Rivers, Their donations amounted to 2030 shirts, beheaded at Pontefract. and they obtained 77 shirts and 380 pairs 1502. OLIVER MAILI'ARD, a French divine of stockings from New Jersey. of the order of Cordeliers, died. He was 1788. GEORGE LUKI"S dispossessed of an eminent preacher, and published sev­ seven devils by the same number of eral volumes of Latin sermons. elergymen, in the Temple church, Bristol, 1584. JOHY SAMBUCUS, a learned German England. physician, died. His learning attracted 1794. Battle of Ghent; the Austrians the attention of the emperor Maximilian defeated by the French. II, and he was appointed counselor of 1794. Violent earthquake and eruption state and historiographer of the German of Mt. Vesuvius, which did much damage. empire. He wrote several learned and 1796. Action between British ship Dryad, useful works. lord Beauclerc, and French frigate La 1605. Riot at Moscow, when Fedor Proserpine, 45 guns; which last was Godonoff, the reigning czar, who had been captured in 44 minutes, with the loss of but two months on the throne, was dragged 30 killed, 45 wounded. British loss 2 with his family from the palace, and shut killed, 7 wounded. 232 EVERY DAY BOOK. [June 13.

1797. SIMON ANDREW TISSOT, a celebrat­ thor died. He wrote various books ed Swiss physician, died. He was the agai;lst popery, one of which was trans­ advocate of experimental rather than lated into several languages, and often theoretical systems of medicine, and early reprinted. adopted the practice of inoculation. His 1636. JOHN CAYLARD DE ST. BONET, fame was not confined to his own country. marquis de Toiras, a French general, 1810. BONAPARTE prohibited the export­ killed before the fortress of Fontanette, in ation of grain. Italy. His services were important to his 1813. Battle of Carcagenta, in Valencia; country, but he was nevertheless disgraced the Spaniards under general Ello attacked by Richelieu, and found in Italy a just the French, and were defeated with the respect for his abilities and merits. loss of 1500 men, of whom 700 were taken 1637. BUR'I'ON, a clergyman, BASTWICK,' prisoners. a physician, and PRYNNE, yet a prisoner in 1817. RICHARD LOVELL EDGEWORTH, an the Tower, ordered to be pilloried, lose English philanthropist and practical philo­ their ears, and be fined £5,000 each, for a sopher, died. He invented the telegraph, libel on the government of Charles I of which was generally adopted during his England. lifetime. He spent a great part of his life ni45. Battle of Naseby, in which the in improving and experimenting on vari­ forces of Cromwell obtained a bloody vic­ ous instruments used in agriculture and tory over the army of Charles I, under the arts. prince Rupert, and obliged him to retire 1833. JAMES ANDREW died; principal into Wales. of the East India company's seminary at 1654. Battle of Dunes; the :B'rer.J.Ch de­ Addiscombe, and author of a Hebrew feated the Spaniards under prince d 3 grammar and dictionary. Conde and don John of Austria. 1843. CHARLES S'l'ERNS WHEELER, of 1662. HENRY VANE, an English states­ Massachusdts, a good scholar, died at man beheaded. He was vascilating in Leipsic, Germany, aged 23. his politics, and characterized as a danger­ 1848. PIERRE VAN CORTLAND died, aged ous man. 86; a gentleman who filled many impor­ 1683. The Rye house plot to assassinate tant public stations, civil and militllry, king Charles II of England, discover3d by in the state of New York. Joseph Keeling. ' 1848. GAMALIEL S. OLDS, a distinguished 1704. RALPH BATHURST, an English American scholar, died at Circleville, Ohio, physician, divine and Latin poet, died. aged 71. He was a man of great erudition. 1855. The anti-slavery branch of the 1710. Gen. HUN'I'ER arrived at New American party, called the Know-some­ York from England in the capacity of gov­ things, assembled III convention at Cincin­ ernor of the province, bringing with him nati. 3000 Palatines, who formed a Lutheran 1857. Whirlwinds occurred in several church in New York. parts of the state of New York, and in 1723. CLAUDE FLEURY, a French advo­ other states. This was the day in which cate, died, aged 82, greatly respected for the astrologers of Europe had predicted his learning and virtues. His works are the destruction of the earthby a comet, and numerous and valuable. much alarm existed even in this country, 1743..JA~IES VILLOT'I'E, a French Jesuit, insomuch that deaths actually occurred died. He traveled in Armenia, and from fear. The village of Pania, Ill., was published commentaries on the gospels. wholly destroyed. 1746. COLIN MACLAUlUN, an eminent Scottish mathematician and philosopher, died. His writings are very numerous, JUNE 14. and highly valuable for the purposes of navigation and geography. 510 B. c. The Roman republic establish­ 1754. A convention was held at Albany, ed and the first consuls elected, according for the purpose of concluding a treaty to the Capitoline marbles This nohle with the Six'Nations. It was attended by political fabric subsisted for a period of about 150 Indians. 462 years, until the battle of Pharsalia. 1756. PIWSPER MARCHAND, a French au­ 1631. FRANCIS GARASSE, a French Jesuit, thor, died in Holland, at a great age. He died. As a preacher he was eloquent and left France on acconnt of religious views, popular, but his writings were gross, and and published a Journal Literaire. He kindled a violent feud between his order also wrote a history of printing, and pub­ and the Jansenists. lIe lost his life by lished a new edition of BayIe's D'ictionnaire. attending the sick during the pestilence at 17G9. The general court of Massachu­ Poictiers. setts having remonstrated to governor 1636. HUMPHREY LYNDE, an English au- Hutchinson against their place of meeting June 14.J EVERY DAY BOOK. 233 being surronnded with an armed force, and defeated, with the loss of 17,500 men and Boston being invested by sea and land, he 80 cannon, by the French under Bona­ adjourned the court to Cambridge. parte. The battle commenced at 10 in the 1776. Americans evacnated Sorel, in morning, and the Russians withs~ood the Canada, and the British under Gen. Bur­ superior force of the French till nearly 5 goyne entered it. in the afternoon; when Bonaparte, put­ 1776. The Americans cannonaded the tinghimself at the head of the army, com­ British fleet from Moon and Long islands, manded a general assault, which was exe­ aud compelled it to leave the bay and cuted with overpowering effect. Bcnning­ open the intercourse with Boston. sen was compelled to retreat, destroying 1777. Congress resolved that their flag the bridge behind him. should consist of 13 stripes alternate red 1829. Battle of' the defile of Pozzoy; and white; that the union be 13 stars, the Turkish troops, 15,000, entirely de­ white on a blue field, representing a new feated, and their camp taken by storm by constellation. the Russians. 1787. ABDULWAHLAB, an Arabianreform­ 1833. ABRAHAM BOGARD died in the er, and founder of the Wahabbites, died, poor-house, Maury county, Tennessee, aged 95. He founded a temporal empire, aged 118; a native of the state of Dela­ which ceased A. D. 1818, but his religious ware. doctrines are still cherished. 1846. Nearly 50 persons killed by the 1792. Battle of Lubar on the river Sluez, burning of the theatre at Quebec. in which the Polish cavalry under Joseph 1848. A revolt at Hayti, and a tumult Poniatowski defeated the Russians. at Berlin. 1792. A plot was discovered in London 1851. THOMAS MOULE died in London, to blow up the King's bench prison. aged 67; a well known writer to the ex­ 1792. The stockholders of the Hartford tent of many volumes on topographic and bank held their first meeting for the choice heraldic antiquities. of directors. John Caldwell was the first 1854. A great fire occurred at vVorces­ president. This was the first bank .in tel', Mass., destroying property valued at Connecticut. half a million of dollars, and throwing a 1799. The Freuch, commanded by Gen. thousand mechanics out of work. Macdonald, on the Trebia, were defeated 1856. Mr. MARCY, secretary of state, with immense loss by Suwarrow. formally notified the Danish minister that 1800. JEA:>' BAPTIST KLEBER, commander the United States would not make forcible in chief of the French army in Egypt, resistance to the collection of the Sound assassinated while walking in his garden, dues for a year from this day. by a Turk named Souliman. He had con­ quered the country and was forming plans for its peaceful government and improve­ JUNE 15. ment. 1800. Battle of Marengo, in Italy; Bo­ 1381. WAT TYLER treacherously killed naparte defeated the Austrians, who lost at Blackheath, where he had asscmbled 1700 killed and prisoners. The Frcnch the malcontents in great nnmbers, and the acknowledged the loss of 500 killed and insurrection was suppressed. wounded. 1467. PHIT,IP (the good), duke of Burgun­ 1800. LEWIS CHARLES ANTHONY DESSAIX, dy, died. His life was spent in war; and a distinguished French general, killed at th·, title whioh he acquired seems to have the battle of Marengo. He arrived on the been forfeited by his, last act, the burning field of battle with a fresh battalion at a of the town of Dinan, which he was car­ moment that decided the victory for the ried on his bed to witness, at the age of French, but received a shot in the breast, 72. of which he instantly died. 1;;20. MARTIN LUTHER excommunicated 1801. BENEDICT ARNOLD, the traitor, by Leo X. died in England. He was a brave officer 1530. CHARLES V made a public entry in the American service, from the com­ into Augsburg, where the members of the mencement of the war of the revolution; diet had J1ssembled. The famous decree, but some imprudeut conduct subjected called the ConfessiO'n of .Jlugsburg, drawn him to a reprimaud from the commander­ up by Melancthon, was then read. in-chief, after which he sought an oppor­ 1560. The massy spire of St. Paul's tunity to desert. He joined the British church, London, was Imrned down by army, and committed great cruelties upon lightning. his countrymen during the remainder of 1568. GILES CORROZET died at Paris; a the war. French bookseller, and author of several 1807. Battle of Friedland, in ancient works of merit. Prussia; the Russians and Prussians were 1643. ABEL JANSEN TASMAN, the Dutch 30 234 EVERY DAY BOOK. [June 15. navigator, arrived at Batavia, after having trained captives, was first instituted by the sailed round the southern side of the third Amurath, in 1362. globe. He started in September, 1642, 1836. Arkansas admitted into the Union. and discovered Van Dieman's land and the 1840. FRASCIS BEAUGUAIW died at Grey island of New Zealand, which he called Nun's hospital, Montreal, aged nearly 108. Staten island. 1841. The town of Praia, in the island 1735. RESE AUBERT DE VERTOT D'Au­ of Terceira, completely destroyed by an BOlUF, an elegant French historical writer, earthquake. Much damage was also done died, aged 80. He united the virtues of to other places in the island by a series of private life to great intelligence, deep earthquakes. penetration, and an eleg;tnt taste. 1844. THmrAs CAMPBELl., a distinguish­ 1744. ANSON arrived at Spithead, after ed British poet, author of the Pleasures of a voyage of three years and nine months Hape, died at Boulogne, in a state of imbe­ round the world. The treasures of the cility, aged 67. famous Acapulco galleon were conveyed 1852. Queen VICTORIA issued a procla­ to London in 32 wagons, and the booty mation against "Roman catholic ecclesi­ divided among those brave men who had astics wearing the habits of their order, shared his glory and toils. exercising the rites and ceremonies of the 1746. Battle of Placentia, between the Roman catholic religion in highways and allies and Spaniards. places of public resort." 1749. The fleet of sir Edward Cornwal­ 1852. ROGER JONES, an American mili­ lis, having on board over 3000 British tary officer of distinction, died at ~Wash­ colonists, dropped anchor in the spacious ington. H(l commenced his military harbor of Halifax, Nova Scotia. career in 1809, illld as a lieutenant of 1756. The nabob of SURAJAH DowI.A marines, and served in the war of 1812. invested Calcutta at the head of 70,000 Ilis zeal and activity in the arduous cam­ horse and foot, and 400 elephants. paigns on the Niagara frontier, and his 1768. JAMES Snom', a celebrated Scot­ distinguished gallantry as a major of the tish optician, died. He was of humble staff in the memorable conflicts of Chip­ origin, but became a noted and wealthy pewa, Lundy's Lan8, and the sorti~ of fort man. His telescopes were long surpassed Erie, won for him universal respect and only by those of Herschel. admiration, and the marked approbation 1768. The commissioners of the cus­ of the government. toms at Boston requested Gen. Gage to 1854. JAMES KENDLE BROWNE died in support them in the execution of their Mark lane, London, aged 82; the father of office with a military force. the corn exchange. 1775. W ASHISGTON appointed comman­ 1856. JOlIX DICKS ECCLES, an eminent der in chief of the American army. North Carolina lawyer and orator, died at 1776. The legislaturc of New Hampshire Fayetteville, aged 64. voted unanimously that their delegates in 1857. The citizens of Halifax, Nova congress should join with the other dele­ Scotia, celebrated the 108th anniversary gates in declaring the 13 united colonies a of the settlement of that place. free and indepeno:1ent state. 1776. The British under sir Henry Clin­ ton attacked Sullivan's island, and were JUNE 16. repulsed by Gen. Lee. 1785. PILATRE DE ROSIER, a French 632. The Persian era began, recording reronaut, killed. He was attempting to the fall of the Sassanian dynasty, and the cross the English channel from Boulogne; religion of Zoroaster. This famous era, Imt the balloon took fire soon after its as­ as amended by the sultan Geluleddin, is cent, and he was precipitated to the earth. now in use by the parsees of India. 1794. A memorable eruption of mount 1381. JOliN BALL, in order to be chan­ Vesuvius. cellor under Wat 'fyler, gave his followers 1811. A marine volcano burst through a sermon. the sea in 40 fathoms of water, at the 1487. Battle of Stoke, England. Lam­ west end of St. Michaels, om of the bert Simnel, who had been crowned in Azoreg, about three miles from land. Ireland, received the king's pardon, and 1815. Battle of Fleury, in which Bona­ was made a scullion in the royal kitchen. parte with 150,000 men, attacked the 1575. ADRIAN JUNIUS, a learned Dutch prussians and English of 200,000, and author, died; he is quoted by the people drove them back, and the next day of Harlem to establish the right of Law­ defeated them at Ligny. rence Coster to the honor of being the in­ 1826. The sultan of Turkey defeated ventor of printing in that city, about 1430. and abolished the ancient corps of Jani­ 1658. EDWARD CAPELLUS, a learned zaries. This military body, consisting of French protestant divine, died. He was June 16.J EVERY DAY BOOK. 235

engaged in a long and learuel1 controversy 22 cannon, and were compelled to retreat concerning the antiquity of the Hebrew across the Samure. points, his adversary maintaining that 1806. Total eclipse of the sun at Phila­ they were coeval with the language, while delphia and other cities in the United he showed that they were unkn0wn before States. the dispersion ofthe Jews,and were invent- 1808. JOSEPH BO:'1APARTE proclaimed ed about GOO years after Christ. He was en- king of Spain. "Your princes," said Na­ gaged 3G years on the eritica Sacra, a work I· poleon, "have ceded to me their rights to of prodigious labor and great merit. the crown of Spain. Your nation is old; loGG. RICHARD FAXSHAWE, an English. my mission is to restore its youth." statesman, died. He was actively engaged 1810. LEWIS AUGUSTUS PHILIP AFFRAY, in political affairs, yet found time to pro- first magistrate of Switzerland under Na­ duel' several works of much credit. poleon, died. He was in"arly life an 1719. LEWIS ELLIS DUPI:'1, a learned, officer in the Swiss army; and whpn ele­ French critic, died. He devoted himself vated to civil office, he conducted with the to a biographical dictionary of ecclesiasti- ability, the intelligence and the experience cal authors, which was brought down to of a thorough statesman. the end of the IGth century, and has been 1812. BO:'1APARTE joined his great army translated into English. His works are on the Vistula, destincd to invadc Moscow. numerous. 1813. Action ofI Presque isle, between 1722. JOHN CHURCHILL, the renowned the United States schooner, Lady of the duke of Marlborough, died. He stands Lake, lieut. Chauncey, and the British unrivaled among the British generals, and schooner, Lady Murray, laden with provi­ during several years gained a series of the sions and ammunition, for York, Canada, most splendid victories. It has been said which was captured. that he gained every battle which he 1814. The editors of the Gazette Uni­ fought, and took every town which hc versal having said something about the besieged. constitution of the Cortes, were condemn- 1743. Battle of Dettingen, in which the ed by their monarch, Ferdinand VII, to French suflered a severe defeat, losing the galleys. 6000 men; the allies,under George II,1000. 1815. Bo:'1 APARTE attacked the Prussian 1752. JOSEPH BUTLEH, an eminent pre- posts of Sombref, St. Amand and Ligny, late and theological writer, died. He is under prince Blucher. The contest was celebrated as the author of the .Jlnalogy of very sevcre, and the Prussian loss very Religion. great; they notwithstanding kept their po- 1755. Fort Bcausejour, in Nova Scotia, sition until after night,wheh they retreated surrendered to the British, the French upon Wavre. Blucher had a horse killed garrison being permitted to march ont with under him, and narrowly escaped with his the honors of war. life. Ligny was taken and retaken sever- 1760. At Glen,in Leicestershire,England, al times. At the same time Bonaparte the populace threw two old women into attacked the Briti;ili. troops under Welling­ the water to try by their sinking Or swim- ton, at Quartre Bras, and compelled him ming whether or not they were witches. to fall back upon Gemappe. The loss of 1772. The banking house of Neal and the allies was very severe. Fordyce, in London, failed, and it was 1818. The village of Bagnes, in Switzer­ counted an extraordinary feat to carry the land, overwhelmed by the giving away of intelligence to Edinbnrgh, 'a distance of an ice barrier. 425 miles, in 43 hoUl's. 1818. Irruption of lake l\Iauvoisin, in 1777. JOHN BAr'rIsT LOUIS GRESSET, a the Alps, occasioned by the bursting of its celebrated French poet, died. His poems icy mound, by which six hundred millions were elegant, lively and interesting, and cubic feet of water were in an instant let obtained for him, among other honors, loose upon the beautiful valley of the letters of nobility. Drana, carrying before its overwhelming 1779. Manifesto presented to the British torrent every vestige of civilized life which court, announcing that Spain had taken stood within its reach. decided part with France and America 1819. An earthquake !lear Poonah, in against Great Britain. the East Indi~s, swallowed up a large dis- 1789. The states general of France trict and more than 2000 persons. formed themselves into the national as- 1821. JOHN BALLANTYNE, the confiden- sembly. tial printer of sir Walter Scott's Waverly 1793. Unsuccessful attack of the British novels, died at Edinburgh. He also estab- on Martinique. lished the Kelso Mail, a respectable pro- 1794. Battle of Josselies; the heredi- vincial paper, yet in existence. tary prinae of Orauge attacked and de- 1830. An eruption of mount Etna, feated the French, who lost 7000 men and I which destroyed eight villages, and buried 236 EVERY DAY BOOK. [June 16. many of the inhabitants under the ruins cided by an assembly, civil matters by of their houses. parliament. 1831. The president of Hayti ordered 1658. Dunkirk surrendered to the French, all the French white inhabitants to leave ann. by them put into the hands of the the island before the 15th July. English. 1843. Died at Boston, whither he had 1673. Father MARQUETTE, and JOLIET a accompanied president Tyler to attend the citizen of Quebee, employed by 1'11. Talon Bunker Hill celebration, HUGH S. LEGARE, for the discovery of the Mississippi, en­ a distinguished American statesman. tered that noble river. They descended 1843. Count "VITTGE~STEIN,the Russian to within three days' journey of the gulf field marshal, who distinguished himself of Mexico. in the wars with Napoleon, died at St. 1685. The unfortunate duke of Argyle Petersburg, aged 87. taken in a morass. 1851. TOM JOHNSON, a Norwegian, died 1696. JOHN SOBIESKI, king of Poland, at the Naval asylum, Philadelphia, aged died. He distinguished himself on many 100; the last survivor of the gallant crew occasions in the Polish wars but the great­ who fought with Paul Jones, in the des­ est of his exploits was the raising of the perate conflict with the Serapis in 17~9. siege of Vienna, by which Europe was 1852. The sultan of Turkey issned a s,wed from the calamities consequent upon firman granting new rights and privileges an irrilption of the Turks. to his Christian subjects. 1719. JOSEPH ADDISON, editor of the 1854. The siege of Silistria raised; the Spectator, died.' He wao the ornament of Turks made a sortie, causing a complete his age and country, and his writings will defeat of the Russians, forcing them to long continue to be read and admired. recross the Danube in all haste, took sev­ 1734. LOUIS HECTOR VILI,ARS, peer of eral standards and a great quantity of bag­ France, n.ied, aged 82. He early adopted gage, and killed or severely wounded five the profession of arms, and distinguished Russian generals. himself through a long life as a brave and 1857. A riot took place in the city of efficient officer. New York, occasioned by a dispute about 1740. WILLIAM WnDHAM, an eminent the public offices, there having been two English statesman, died. His abilities led sets appointed by different authorities. to his promotion to the highest offices in Mayor "Vood was arrested for assault and the state. battery. 1745. Louisbourg, cape Breton, taken from the French by the British and Mas­ JUNE 17. sachusetts forces, under governor Shirley 431 B. c. The dictator TUBERTUS POST­ and admiral sir Pcter Warren. HUMUS gai~ed a vietory over the lEqui 1761. The first English "navigation and Volsci, inconsiderable but noxious canal" opened, extending from "Vorsley enemies of the commonwealth. to Manchester, 18 miles. It originated 1081. ROBERT GUISCARD opened the with Scroope, duke of Bridgewater. famous siege of Durazzo, now in European 1775. Battle of Bunker's hill, and burn­ Turkey, on the gulf of Venice. ing of Charlestown by the British. The 1272. An attempt made to assassinate Americans werc defeated with the Ipss of Edward I of England in his tent at Acre, 453 killed, wounded and missing. The by a messenger of the emir of Joppa. He killed, and those who died of their wounds received tb,e blow on his arm, grappled were 139, including general Warren. Brit­ with the assassin, ann. throwing him on ish loss, 1,054, of whom 226 were killed, the ground despatched him with his own and among them colonel Abercromby and dagger. The life of the prince was saved major Pitcairn, who occasioned the first by his wife, who sucked the poison from shedding of blood at Lexington. the wound. 1776. British transports, George and 1458. ALFONSO V, of Arragon (the mag­ Arabella, captured in Boston bay by six nanimous), died. He made himself master American privateers. Among thc prison­ of Naples and Sicily; aside from his ex­ ers taken was the honorable Archibald ploits as a warrior, he was a learned man Campbell, and 271 Highlanders. and the patron of learning, and the father 1780. Bank opened in Philadelphia for of his people. supplying the army with provisions, and 1614. Wrr.LIAM BATHE, an Irish Jesuit, £189,000 subscribed, payable in gold and died. lIe was rector of an Irish school at silver. Salamanca, and a writer on music and 1788. Convention at Poughkeepsie, N. divinity. Y., to consider the federal constitution. 1639. The king and his Scottish sub­ 1789. '1'he tiers etat, of France, were jects met at Dunse, in Scotland, and agreed joined by the whole body of inferior clergy that matters ecclesiastical should be de- with some nobles. '1'hey constituted them- June 17.] EVERY DAY BOOK. 237

selves into a legislative body, and took Maine, died, aged 84. He removcd to the name of national assembly. Bath early in thc present century, and his 1791. SELINA, count~ss of Huntington, name is identified most intimately with all died. From habits of gaiety and dissipa­ that relates to the separation from Massa­ tion, she became suddenly grave and pious, chussetts, and the adoption of the state and was distingnished by very extensive constitntiou. He held various civil offices charities. with ability and fidelity. 1792. ·Battle of Zielimc, in which the 1852. The city of Sonora, in California, Polish army was defeated by a sup8I'ior was nearly destroyed by fire. force of Rnssians. The action lasted from 1854. SEWARD BARCULO, a New York 7 in the morning till 5 in the evening. jurist of distinction, dicd, aged 50. He Loss of the Russians 4,000; that of the Poles was chosen justice of the supreme court 1,100. .tt the first judicial election held under the 1794. Ypres, in Belgium, surrendered new state constitution. to the French under Moreau. Four bat­ 1854. JOSIAH HOLBROOK, a distinguished talions of Austrians, 6 of Hessians, 2 of advocate of popular education, died, aged Baden, 200 horse chasseurs, 150 Austrian 65. He was a native of Derby, Ct., and cannoniers, were taken prisoners, with graduated at Yale college in 1810. He 140 cannon. was very successful in ditl"using among the J799. First day's battle of the Trebia, young a love for' the study of mineralogy between the French underl\1acdonald, and and geology. He lost his life by acci­ the Russians and Austrians nnder 8uwar dently falling into Blackrock creek, near row. The French were compelled to fall Lynchburg, Va., while on a geological lJack. excursion. 1807. Konigsberg, the capital of Prus­ JUNE 18. sia proper, taken by the French under Sault. Immense stores, with nearly 300 64. The conflagration of Romc, attribut­ loaded vessels, 160,000 stand of arms, &e., ed by Nero to thc Christians, which was were taken. the ostensibh, causc of thc first persecu­ 1810..JA~IES CHAL~IERS, printer to the tion. (See 24th .June.) city and university of Aberdeen, and pro­ 741. I,EO III (Isaurian), emperor of Con­ prietor of the Aberdeen Journal, died. stantinople, died. He was thc son of a 1812. The Deeameron of Boccacio, a cobbler, and disgraced the imperial dignity single volume small folio, printed in 1471, by acts of barbarity and tyranny. He was sold at the sale of the dnke of Roxburgh's the cnemy of learning and lcarncd men, library to the marquis of Blandford, for and sct fire to the valuable library of his £2,260. capital, by which 30,000 volumes were 1814. HENRY TRESHAM died; an Irish destroyed', besides many of the choicest pact and painter of merit. paintings and mcdals. . 1816. The allied army under 'Welling­ 1053. Battle of Civitella; the forces of ton fell back on Waterloo, and Blucher to the pope, Leo IX, routed by Robert Guis­ Wavre. The earl of Uxbridge made a card, the Norman. brilliant charge of cavalry at Gemappe. 1314. EDWARD II marehed npon Scot­ 181~. British order in council, forbid­ land from Berwick, with his vast army. ding the Americans to use the British terri­ 1429. Battle of Patray, in Franee; the tories for purposes counected with the English under Talbot defeated by Joan of Newfoundland fisheries. Arc, with the loss of 1,500 slain, and 1,000 1825. Corner stonc of Bunkcr hill monu­ taken. It was in this conflict that the mcnt laid with great and enthusiastic ccrc­ notable sir John Falstaff, considering dis­ manics; Lafayettc being prcsent. crction to be thc better part of valor, 1839. 'VILLIA~I BEN'rINcK, an English dropped his thirsty lance, and ran away. statesman, dicd. Hc had sustained many 1538. Truee for 10 years between high public offices, was a gencral in thc Charlcs V of Germany, and Francis I of army, and ten years governor-gcncral of France. Hostilities were renewed three India. years after. 1850. The steamer Griffith on lake Erie 1580. The colony of Virginia discourag­ was burnt and 300 lives lost. ed with their losses and various misfor­ 1852. THOMAS BUFFUM died, aged 75 tunes embarked for England. an active man in the political history 1588. ROBERT CROWLEY, a scholar, Rhode Island, who had filled with credit preacher and printer, died. One of his mauy offices of honor and trust. principal works was in metre, entitled: 1852. JOHN TRIMBLE, a Kentucky judge, Plcasure and pain, heaven and hell, died, agcd 69 ; having sustained the char­ Remember these four and all shall be well. acter of an able and upright man. 1602. The fort and store house built by 1852. WILLIAM KING, first governor Gosnold on Elizabeth island for a settle- 238 EVERY DAY BOOK. [June 18. ment, was abandoned in consequence of lost his battle through the rash bravery of discontents arrising among those who were one of his generals. to have remained in the country, and the 1764. Lighthouse at Sandyhook first put whole compan"yreturned to England. The in operation. • ruins of this ephemeral settlement were 1772. GERAHD V AN SWIETEX, a Dutch seen as late as 1797. physieian, died. He settled in Vienna, 1616. THOMAS BILSON, a celebrated Eng- where he became a distinguished practi­ lish divine, died. He was distinguished tioner, and his memory is still. held in for his eloquence as a preacher, and his great veneration by the profession there. learning as a theological writer and con- 1776. Gen. BUHGOYNE entered St. Johns, troversalist. He was one of the two final Canada, the Americans having evacuated correctors of the present translation of the it, and burnt the fort and barracks. Bible. 1779. British West India island St. Vin- 1621. The first duel in New England cent, surrendered to the French under fought by two servants with sword and Romain and d'Estaing. dagger, both of whom were wounded. 1783. The voleano of Skaptar Jokul, in For this outrage they were sentenced to Iceland, which had recently become very lie 24 hours with their heads and feet tied active, poured out an immense amount of together. lava, which, taking a new direction, dam- 1633. CHARLES I, of England, crowned med up the streams, and caused great de­ king of Scotland at Holyrood house, by the Istruction of property and lives. After archbishop of St. Andrews. flowing several days it was precipitated 1667. WILLIAM RAWLEY, an English di- down tIl" cataract of Stap"foss, where it vine, died. He was chaplain to Charles I i filled a profound abyss, which that great and II, and also to BaGon, whose works waterfall had been excavating for ages, he edited. and thence the fiery flood eontinued in 1675. Battle of Fehrbellin; the elector its course. Frederick William, at the head of 6,000 1783. VVASHIKG'rON announced to the cavalry, attacked the Swedish invading governors of the several states his intend­ army under the celebrated Wrangel, and ed resignation ofthe command ofthe army. gained a complete victory. 1793. British frigate La Nymphe, capt. 1684. The English court of chancery Pellew, captured French frigate Cleopatra, gave judgment for the king against the after an action of 55 minutes. French governor and company of Massachusetts; captain and about 60 of his men killed or their charter was declared forfeited, and wounded. The British loss 25 killed, 27 their liberties were seized into the king's wounded. This was the first capture hands. made after the declaration of war. 1697. RICHARD, earl of Bellamant, was 1795. Russlan manifesto issued by gen. appointed to succeed colonel Fletcher as , Thimothie Tutomliu, on taking possession governor of New York. Iof Russian Poland. 1718. An earthquake extended through 1799. Second day's battle of Trebia; several inland provinces of China, by French under Macdonald obliged to retire which the gates and walls of cities were I across the river by the Russians under thrown down. The city of Yong-ning- Suwarrow. tchin was entirely swallowed up, and sev- 1805. ARTHUR MURPHY, an Engli~h dra­ eral mountains were thrown over a plain watic writer of eminence, died. Many of to the distance of ahout two leagues. his plays still keep the stage. His trans- 1741. FRA~WIS POURFOUR died; a French lation of Tacitus is also in common use. physician and skillful herbalist. 18n. RUTH PIERCE, the mother of sir 1749. A"BROSE PIIII,IPS, an English poet, Benjamin Thompson, count Rumford, died died. He wrote also for the stage with at Baldwin, Maine. some Sllccess, although his performances 1812. United States declared war against were ridiculed by Pope. England. 1756. Calcutta, in India, taken by Sura- 1815. Hostilities ceased between Eng- jah Dowla: of 146 prisoners put into a land and the United States throughout the dungeon called the "black hole," 123 world. were suffocated. 1815. Battle of Waterloo, in the Nether- 1756. Minorca surrendered to the lands. The forces of the two armies are French by the British general Blakeney. differently stated, but are supposed to The British had taken it from the Spani- have been about 75,000 each. The battle ards in 1708. began about noon, and continued with 1757. Battle of Kolin;, the Prussians great obstinacy till night, whml the French under Frederick II defeated by the Aus- were completely defeated with the loss of trians under count Daun, with the 105s of more than 30,000 men, 210 cannon, several 8,000 killed. and wounded. Frederick military chests, and all Napoleon's baggage. Juue 18.] EVERY DAY BOOK. 239

The loss of the allies was probably up­ 1619. The first assembly of Virginia wards of 20,000. This great battle gave met at Jamestown. The settlements had peace to Europe. now become so numerous that 11 corpora­ 1823. 'NILLIA~I COO~IBE, a British author tions appeared by their representatives to of considcrable merit, died. He did not exercise the noblest function of freemen, attach his name to his works. the power of legislation. 1832. The duke of Wellington attacked 1690. EZEKmL HOPKINS, a learned Eng­ by a mob in the streets of London-the lish prelate died, aged 57. anniversary of his victory at 'Vaterloo. 1707. WILLIA~I SHERLOCK, an eminent 1835. WILLIAM COBBET, an English English divine, died, aged about 66; poetical and miscellaneous writer, died. famous for his controversial works, in He was a self-taught and self-made man, which he took sides against the dissenters, who for many years made a conspicuous as also against Dr. South on the subject of figure in the politics of England, and was the trinity. finally elected to parliament. 1709. ISAAC PAPIN, a French divine, 1841. The constitution' of the newly died. His views differed a hair from those constituted state of the isthmus of Panama of his sect, and persecution followed him publicly sworn to, and Dr. Thomas Her­ from one country to another, till he finally rara elected president. took refuge with the catholics. 1848. HE~RY TOOLEY, a consistent mem­ 1715. NICHOLAS I'EMERY, a French ber of the methodist episcopal ehure-h, the chemist, died, aged 70. He was ardently first masonic grand master in Mississippi, devoted to the science, and contributed and a son not only but the father of tem­ much to spread a correct knowledge of it perance in Natchez, died there, aged 75. among the people by his lectures. 1848. The city of Prague, which had 1720. JOHN MATTHEWS, aged about 18, revolted on the 12th, was bombarded and was executed at Tyburn, for, while an reduced to ruins. apprentice, printing a political work. 1848. The Austrians defeated by the 1729. ROBERT K~ELL, the compositor, Piedmontese near Rivoli. and JOHN CLARK, the pressman, of Mist's 1848. Venice garrisoned by 13,000 Ro­ J01trnal, were pilloried, but protected by mans. their friends from beingpelted by the mob. 1848. Carlowitz bombarded. 1741. Admiral VERNO~ seized the castles 1854. HE~mETTA SONTAG, one of first of Carthagena, South America. The lyric artists of the day, died at Mexico, British were afterwards compelled to retire aged about 50. on account of pestilence. 1855. The allies made a combined attack 1754. A convention of the states at Al­ upon the Malakoff and Redan towers, at bany proposed a union for defence against Sebastopol, without success, and with a the commou enemy. Delegates were pre­ loss of 56 officers kiiled, 146 wounded sent from New HampshiIe, Massachusetts, and 17 prisoners; and 1,694men killed or Rhode Island, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, missing, and 2,690 wounded. Maryland and New York. 1755. WILI,IAM HAY died in England; remarkable for his deformity, on which JUNE 19. he wrote an essay. He was 11 member of parliament, and an author of some merit. 325. The first council of Nice began and 1757. Action between British ship Ex­ continued to 25th August; present 318 periment, 20 guns, 142 men, and Prench bishops. ship Telemaque, 26 guns, 460 men, in 1215. JOHN, king of England, signed which the latter was captured with the the famous magna charta, and the charter loss of 125 killed, 110 wounded. It had of the forests, in a meadow at Runnimede been fitted out expressly to cll.pture the between Staines and Windsor. (See 29th.) Hxperimmt, whioh had 12 killed, 36 1312. PIERS GAVESTaN , the favorite of wounded. Edward II, ~xecuted. In his elevation he 1781. Assault on fort Ninety-six, by the was proud, overbearing and cruel, and Americans under Gen. Greene, who were the barons rose up against him, and ac­ repulsed with the loss of 185. The Amer­ complished his destmction. icans then abandoned the siege. British 1566. JAME\S VI of Scotland and I of loss 85. England, was born in a small room in 1783. HENRY LOYD, a military officer and Edinburgh castle. writer, died. He was horn in 'Vales, en­ 1579. Maestricht, in Holland, taken bv tered the service of Austria, and after­ the Spaniards under the duke of Parma, wards served in the armies of Prlissia and after a siege of four months, during which Russia. On his return to England he pro­ about 80ea persons perished miserably. It duced several military works of great was given up to pillage. merit. 240 EVERY DAY BOOK. [June 19.

1786. NATHANIEL GREENE, an officer in 1820. JOSEPH BAliKS, .an eminentEnglish the revolutionary army, died, aged 46. literary and philosophical writer, died. He was of quaker descent, bol'll in Rhode He made several voyages in pursuit of Island. He distinguishcd himself at the science, one of which was with captain battles of Trenton, Princeton, German­ Cook. town and Monmouth, and finally covcred 1821. Battle of Dragashan, in Turkey, himself with glory at the battle of Eutaw between the Greeks and Turks. The Springs, which closed the war in South Greeks were commanded by the brave Carolina. Ypsilanti; but owing to the treachery of the 1794. French general DUMOURlER, ar­ Arnauts, who abandoned their posts, the rived in London on his escape from the Greeks were totally defeated, and the convention, but was ordered to depart the " sacred band" of the hetaireia, the flower British dominions immediatelv. of the Greek youth, were annihilated. 1794. The Corsicans acccpted their llew This aft'air nearly proved fatal to the cause constitution, and acknowledged Georgc III of the Greek revolution. their king. 182B. JOliN CLEVES Snnms, an Ameri­ 1794, RreHAHD Hmmy LEE, a revolution­ can officer, died. He is to be remembered ary patriot, died, He originated the first re­ for the enthusiasm with which he main­ sistance to British oppnJSsion, and during tained the theory that the earth was hol­ the struggle continued to hold some jm­ low, with an opening at each of the poles. portant civi! office, where hiS talents wcre 1830. Battle of Strouli, between 50,000 conspicuous. Algerines, Turks and Arabs, and 25,000 1798. BONAPARTE left Malta atthe head of Freneh under Gen. Bourmont, in which the French expedition which was dfJstilled the former were defeated. for Egypt, leaving behind him 4,000 men 1853, RICHARD TAYLOR, seeond ehief of under Gen. Vaubois, to regenerate the is­ the Cherokee nation, died at Tahleguah, land after the pattern of the French re­ Arkansas. He commanded under Gen. public. Jackson in the war against the Creek In­ 1799. Third day's battle of Trehia. The dians. French under Mae-donald crossed the river and attacked the Anstrians and Russians. But after an obstinate and bloody conflict JUNE 20. they were compelled to fall back with a loss of 1700 killed and 500 prisoners. 404. The illustrious JOHN CHRYSOSTOM 1799. Five French frigates bound from banished from his patriarehate to the Jatla to Toulon, with 1340 men, were cap­ remote and desolate town of Cueusus, tured by a British squadron. among the ridges of mount Taurus, by a 1800. Battle of Blenheim; the French command of the empress Eudoxia. 'l'he under Moreau, after a short but obstinate day of this his flnal exile was marked by action, defeated the Austrians undGr Gen. the conflagration of the eathedral, senate­ Starray, and obliged them to abandon Ulm house, and the adjacent buildings, and by and retire into Franconia. the destruetion of the incomparable stat­ 1807. Naval action oft' Lemnos between ues of the Muses from the temple of Heli­ the Russians and Turks, in which the lat­ con. ter were defeated with the loss of an 80 840. LOUIS I (Debonnaire), king of France gun ship and two other ships of the line and emperor of the West, died. He had taken, and five burnt. not sufficient ability to manage the con­ 1808. Action off the Nase of Norway; flicting interests of his large dominions, the British sloop Seagull sunk by a Danish and was harrassed by the rebellion of his brig and several gun boats. • Several of brothers and sons. the Danes went down with her. 981. I ADALBEHT, bishop of Magdeburg, 1809. Congress renewed the non-inter­ died. He converted the Sclavonians, and course act. penetrated far into Pomerania as a Christ­ 1811. SAMUEL CHASE, a jndge of the ian missionary. United States snpreme conrt, died. He 1333. Battle of Halidon hill. 'l'he regent was a distinguished member of the con­ of Scotland, six earls, and many barons gress of 1774. fell in the field; the fugitives were pur­ 1813. British landed from their shipping sued by king Edward and a party of horse, on lake Ontario, and destroyed the public and also by lord Darcy and his Irish aux­ stores at Sodus; they burnt several of the iliaries. The slaughter is said to have best houses and stores in the village. exceeded that of any former defeat. 1818. PATRICK BRYDONE, a Scottish tra­ 1472, King HENRY VI of England mur­ veler, died, He published a narrative of his dered in the Tower by order of the duke travels in Sicily and Malta, which has been of Gloucester, afterwards Richard Ill, as is often republished. supposed. June 20.] EVERY DAY BOOK. 241

1632. The patent of Maryland, designed an eminent musician, whose performances for George Calvert, lord Baltimore, was on attracted much attention in Europe. his decease, filled up to his son, Cecilius 1789. The national assembly of France Calvert. When king Charles signed it, he having been refused admission into the gave to the new patent the name of Mary­ usual place of meeting, assembled in the land in honor of his queen Henrietta rain in a tennis court. Maria. Lord Baltimore held it of the 1790. Titles of nobility and feudal right crown of England as part of Windsor abolished in France. manor, paying yearly forever, two Indian 1791. LOUIS XVI and the royal family arrows, which may now be seen at the made their escape from Paris with the castle. intention of proceeding to Germany, to 1649. RICHARD BRANDOl', the hereditary avoid the disturbances which threatened hangman, and the executioner of Charles the country. I aild the earl of Strafford, died in misery. 1792. The assembly of the sans culottes He was interred the next day amidst exe­ appeared in Paris with their arms and crations and vulgar insults, which he colors. could not feel. 1793. The negroes and mulattoes of cape 1698. The summit of Carguairazo, a Francois began an indiscriminate massacre burning mountain near Quito, 1800 feet of the whites. A company of 2000 men high, crumbled together, so that nothing were sent on shore from the French fleet more than two enormous rocky horns of to arrest their depredations,'but were com­ the crater's edge remained, and the coun­ pelled to embark again. (See 23.) try for nearly two square miles, was deso­ 1794. FELIX VICQ D'AZIR, an eminent lated with liquid tufa, and argillaceous French physician and anatomist, died at mud, enclosing dead fishes. Paris. 1719. The Spaniards defeated the Impe­ 1798. JEREMY BELK:militia under explication of Stonehenge. Col. Carr. 1743. Action near Manilla, between the 1815. That questionable monster, the British ship Centurion, lord Anson, and sea-serpent, observed at Plymouth, Mass. the Acapulco ship, the Nostra Signora de Its extension above the surface of the Cabadonga, 36 guns and 550 men, com­ water was supposed to be more than a manded by don Geronimo de Montara, a hundred feet. The serpentine animal Portuguese officer. The cutter was cap­ noticed in the Norway seas is of much tured, withthe loss of 67 killed, 84 wound­ larger proportions, with large blue eyes, ed; British loss 2 killed, 17 wounded. "which looked like a couple of bright The property on board this prize amount­ pewter plates." ed to $1,500,000. 1818. JOSEPH ADAMS, an eminent Lon­ 1747. NADIR SHAH, for some time mon­ don physician and medical writer, died. arch of Persia, was assassinated by his 1819. The first steam vessel which men, whom he had designed the next day crossed the Atlantic arrived at Liverpool. to massacre. 1830. Battle between the French and 1752. The trustees of Georgia, fiuding Algerines, near Sidi Khalef; the latter that the province languished under their were defeated. care, and weary of the complaints of the 1836. EDMUND JOSEPH DE SIEYES, a French :people, surrendered their charter to the statesman, died, aged 88. He long acted king. a conspicuous part in the affairs of France, 1756. Calcutta taken by Surajah Dowla, but on the fall of Napoleon was banished, and 145 Englishmen incarcerated in the and some years :previous to his death was black hole, including Holwell, the governor reduced to a state of idiocy. of Bengal; all of whom were suffocated 1837. WILLIAM IV of England, died, but 23. (See June 18.) aged 72. His reign was brief, but was 1779. Battle of Stano-Ferry, in which distinguished for various important mea­ the Americans under Gen. Lincoln were sures of reform, and the abolition of colo­ defeated, owing to the mismanagement of nial slavery. a part of the forces, who did not come up. 1837. Michigan entered the United Loss 146. States confederacy. 1781. CORNWALLIS evacuated Richmond, 1840. PIE~nm CLAUDE FRAl'COIS DAUNOU, Virginia. peer of France, and eight years editor of 1787. CHARLES FREDERICK ABEL died; the Journal des Savants, died at Paris, aged 31 242 EVERY DAY BOOK. [June 20.

79. He was a laborious writer, in which 1529. Trial of CATIIARlNE, first queen of he was distinguished by his great learning Henry VIII of England. and elegance of style. 1ii29. JOHN SKELTO~, an English poet, 1843. HENRY DOGGETT, an officer of the ·died. He wrote sonnets and satires, and revolutionary army, died at New Haven, was invested with the laureate. aged 86. He was the son of Naphtali 1585. HENRY PERCY, the 8th earl of Doggett, president of Yale college during Northumberland (exclusive of Dudley), the revolution,and was the oldestsUI'vIving was found in the tower, dead, his breast graduate of the college. pierced with three pistol bullets-alleged 1843. HUGn S. LEGARE, attorney-general suicide, but supposed violence. of the United States, died at Boston, aged 1596. Naval victory of the English over about 50. He was eminent for his acquire­ the Spaniards, at Cadiz, when the earl ments as a scholar, his fine taste as a of Essex, in a fit of delight, threw his hat writer, and his learning and eloquence as into the sea! a lawyer and advocate. He was acting 1611. HENRY HUDSON, having wintered secretary of state at the time of his death, in the bay which bears his name, and pur­ and experience showed that he was amply suing the object of his voyage, a north­ litted for the highest trusts, and adorned west passage, a conspiracy broke out on every station which he was called to fill. this day among the ship's crew, when 1844. Jon;, PINTARD died in New York, IIudson, his son, and five others, most of aged 87. lIe was one of the originators whom were sick and lame, were forced of the New York' historical society, and into the shallop, with a small quantity of of the Savings bank. meal, one gun and ammunition, two or 1848. PAREDES raised the standard of three spars and an iron pot, and with the revolt in :\Iexico, assisted by padre .Jurau­ most savage inhumanity turned adrift. ta.--A portion of Washington's library, This is the last account of Hudson. consisting of 450 bound volumes, and 1631. JOHN SMITH, one of the early set­ about 1000 pamphlets, presented to the tlers of Virginia, died. He was a brave Boston atheneum by the citizens.--A and daring man, and it was mainly owing loan negotiated at Washington by the to him that the colony was made perma­ government, of sixteen million dollars, at nent. a premium of half a million. 1652. INIGO JONES, a celebrated English 1852. VVILLIA~r BmDLE E'HEPARD, a noted architect, died. He surpassed most of the lawyer and politician, died at Elizabeth great men of his age in learning and City, N. C., aged 51. He distinguished ability. himself, by his abilities, and was ten years 1675. Foundation laid of the cathedral in congress. of St. Paul's, London. It stands upon 1854. GEORGE W. MARTIN, an effichmt upwards of two acres of ground, and its military officer, died at Tallahatchie, Mis­ height is 404 feet. souri. He served in the war of 1812, and 1738. GEORGE \VILLIA~I FREDERICK, the accompanied Gen. Jackson throughout the young English prince, re-baptized by the campaigns of three years, and in the bi'lhop of Oxford, with great pomp. Pri­ Creek war. vate baptism at his birth was first admin­ 1856. TANCRED FLORESTAN ROGER LOUIS istered, fearing his immediate death. GRlMALDI, priIlce of Monaco and duke of 1747. British fleet under commodore Valentinois, died at Paris. On the death Fox captured 48 sail of French West-In­ of his brotherin 1841 he became sovereign diamen. prince of Monaco, under the title of Flo­ 1759. Fort George erected at the head restan 1. of lake George. 1764. British commodore Byron sailed JUNE 21. from the Downs in the Dolphin, on his voyage round the world. 545 B. C. TnALEs, a Grecian philoso­ 1768. JOIIN LINDSAY died; a learned pher' died. He was the chief of the seven English divine, and a historical and theo­ sages of Greece, and founder of the Ionic logical writer. sect of philosophers. He divided the 1770. Fete on account of the marriage Grecian zodiac into seasons, and the year of Louis XVI of France, when 15,000 per­ into 365 days. sons were trampled to death. 1339. Battle of Laupen; the citizens of 1770. \VILLIAM BECKFORD, one of the Bern, in Switzerland, defeated an army of most popular mayors of London, died. 18,000 from its rival cities, headed by 700 1773. GEORGE JUAN, a Spanish knight of its own nobility and 1,200 knights, of Malta, and an able mathematician, died. who were totally vanquished. Hi" writings have been translated into 1377. EDWARD III, of England, died, various languages. aged 65, having reigned 51 years. 1782. The British government sent Mr. June 21.] EVERY DAY BOOK. 243

·Woodyearin the Tiger man-of-war, to the fire in Constantinople; damage estimated ·West Indies to determine the longitude. at $]00,000,000. 1783. About 300 American troops with 1850. "IATTIIEW L. DAVIS, a distin­ fixed bayonets, surrounded the house guished citizen and printer in New York/ which congress was sitting, and demanded died. a redress of grievances. 1850. JACOB HAYES, long a leading po­ 1788. New Hampshire adopted the fed­ lice officer of New York, died. His noto­ eral constitution, recommending amend­ riety was very great. ments, being the ninth state to do so; 1852. MARY ANN CLARKE died at Bou­ votes 57 to 46. logne, in France, aged 74; the notorious 1791. A flood near the Havanna, swept mistress of the duke of York, to whose away 3,000 persons. name, for a time, much consequence was 1792. An immense body, headed by given, in parliament and in London soci­ Santcrre, forced their way into the Tuil­ ety, by the charges against the dnke in1M9. leries, and compelled Louis XVI to wear 1853. A boat's crow from the Austrian the red cap. brig-of-war Huzzar, lying in the harbor of 1797. A1\DREW PETER BERSSTORFF died; Smyrna, seized in that port a Hungarian a German who sottled in Denmark, became refugee, named Martin Koszta, and carried a distinguished statesman, and a great fa­ him to the ship. The populace, excited vorite with the people. by the outrage attacked three Austrian 1797. PE'fER THELWSSON, a rich London officers, of whom two were slain. Koszta merchant, died. His will, devising lands having protection, in virtue of his primary to the amount of £4,500 per annum declaration of an intention of becoming an and £600,000 personal property to be American citizen, captain Ingraham, of funded to aid in liquidation of the national the American sloop-of-war St. Louis de­ debt, gave rise to the act regulating dcvis­ manded his release.. The affair caused a es. good deal of excitement throughout the 1798. Battle of Vinegar hill, at which civilized world. (See July 2.) the Irish rebels were completely routed and the insurrection crushed. 1809. DANIEL LMIllEIlT, an English gi­ JUNE 22. ant, died at Stamford, aged 36. His weight was 739 lbs. when last weighed, 168 R. C. Battle of Pydna; Perseus, but at the time of his death, it was sup­ the last king of Macedon, defeated by the posed to have been full 800. His coffin Romans under Paulus lEinylius, who contained 112 superficialfeet of Elm timber. brought to Rome a groat number of books 1813. Battle of Vittoria, in Spain, be­ and manuscripts. The date is settled by tween the French under .Joseph Bonaparte an eclipse which happened the preceding and .Jourdan, and the allies under Wel­ night. This hattIe terminated the inde­ lington. French met with a disastrous pendence of a country which had seen a defeat, losing 15,000 killed and wounded, succession of thirty legitimate monarchs and 3,000 prisoners, 150 cannon, 400 and eight usurpers, since its foundation by wagons of ammunition, 14,000 cattle, and Caranus 814 B. c., six yearsafter the fall the military chest, containing 42,000,000 of Assyria. reals. Loss of the allies 4,645. 431. Third CEcumenical council assem­ 1814. JOHN MARTIN MILLER, a professor bled at Ephesus, to execute the decree of of oriental languages, and poet of some pope Celestine as to the heresy of Nesto­ note, died at Ulm. rius. He was deposed from his see and 1816. The king of the Netherlands ac­ banished to an oasis. ceded to the holy alliance. 1191. A remarkable eclipse of the sun, 1828. LEA1\DRO FERNANDEZ MORATIN whcn the crusaders were at Acre, at 8 o'­ died at Paris. He was a dramatic writer clock in the morning. In that year a par­ of much merit. helion appeared undistinguishable by the 18,32. Saros 'VARONZOW, a Russian naked eye from the real sun. statesman, died in London. He had beon 1298. Battle of Falkirk; Edward I with for 30 years Russian ambassador to Great 80,000 English defeated the Scottish army Britain. under Wallace, with great slaughter. 1832. ANNA MARIA PORTER, an English 1415..JOHN Huss, a Bohemian clergy­ novelist, died. Her works, together with man who had adopted the opinions of those of her sister .Jane, had gained a Wickliff, was burnt at the stake. great degree of popularity, which was ina 1476. Battle of Morat, in Switzerland, measure swept away, with every thing and defeat of Charles the Bold, duke of else, before that splendid series, the Wa­ Burgundy. Philip de Comines, speaking verly novels. of this celebrated conflict for liberty, men­ 1848. About 3,000 houses destroyed by tions arquebusiers as troops. 244 EVERY DAY BOOK. [June 22.

1483. Accession of the usurper Richard 1772. Chief-justice MANSFIELD, of Eng­ III. land, gave judgment that the master of a 1527. NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI, a Floren­ negro slave which had been brought to tine writer, died. His works are nume­ England had no right to send him back to rous, but that called The Prince is the most the plantations. famous, and has generally given him a 1775. Congress resolved to emit $2,000,­ bad character, though defended by Bacon 000 in bills of credit. and Clarendon. 1777. British evacuated New Brunswick 1535. JOHN FISHER, an English prelate, and retired to Amboy; thcy sufl'ered se­ beheaded at the age of 77. He pertina­ verely from Morgan's riflemen and Wayne's ciously opposed the measures of the king, brigade. in relation to his wives. He was the op­ 1780. The forts on Licking river at·' po~nt of Erasmus, who, however, gives tacked by 600 Indians and Canadians un­ him a superior character. der colonel Bird, with 6 field pieces; they 1596. The combined English and Dutch took all the inhabitants captives, and fleets under lord Effingham and admiral loa<,led them with heavy baggage; such as Van Duvenwoord, attacked the Spanish failed on the journey were tomahawked fleet in Cadiz bay, burnt 3 galleons, cap­ and scalped. tured two, and drove a great number on 1803. WILLIAM HEINSE, It German au­ shore. To save the latter the Spaniards thor, died. His works are in 10 vols., and agreed to pay 2,500,000 ducats. manifest great ability. 1602. "Lent unto Benjamy Johnsone, 1807. British ship Leopard, 50 guns, at the apoyntment of E. Allen and Wil­ attacked American frigate Chesapeake, 36 liam Birde, in earnest of a booke [play] guns, captain Barron. The Chesapeake called Richard Crook-back, and for new struck in 30 minutes; 3 men killed, 18 adycions of Jeronimo, the sum of xlh."­ wounded. Four mcn were taken out of Henslowe Manuscripts. the Chesapeake, when she was permitted 1632. GALILEO and his books condemned to proceed. One of the~e was hanged. by the inquisition. Barron was suspended for five years. 1664. CA~'HARlNE PHILIPS, an English 1813. Battle of Craney island, in Chesa­ poetess, died. peake bay. British under sir Sidney Beck­ 1679. Battle of Bothwell bridge; the with and admiral Warren defeated by 480 Scottish covenanters defeated by the Eng­ Virginia militia and 150 sailors. British lish under the duke of Monmouth. loss 1200 killed wounded or drowned. 1691. MAHOMET IV, of Turkey, assassi­ None of the AmericaDs were injured. nated in prison. In the beginning of his 1815. BONAPARTE'S second abdication. reign he was eminently successful in war; He announced that his political life had but the resistless valor of John Sobieski terminated, and proclaimed his son, Na­ drove the Turks within their own domin­ poleon II, emperor of the French. ions. These calamities were attributed to 1835. CHARLES BUTLER, the reminiscent, the sultan, and the janizaries deposed him. died. 1691. SOLHIAN III, of Turkey, brother of 1834. FERDINAND WILHELM BECKER died; the preceding, died. He was taken from a distinguished German physician. prison and placed on the throne, on the 1835. FRANCISCO TACON Y ROSISQUE died; deposition of his brother, Mahomet, 1687. a Spanish statesman, and minister from He was indolent and superstitious. Spain to the United States. He had filled 1714. MATTHEW HENRY, an eminent many distinguished officps, and was greatly English dissenting divine, died. His respected and esteemed for his talents and writings are highly valued, particularly amiable qualities. the Expositions of the Bible, 5 vols. folio. 1839. DEBORAH KNIGHT died at Sumner, 1734. EDMUND POURCRAT died; a French Me., aged 105. professor of philosophy, and a man of ex­ 1848. The difficulties a,nd disturbances tensive learning. occasione.i· by the disbanding of the ope­ 1741. This day is memorable for the ratives in the national workshops at Paris impressment of seamen into the British began. service. Nothing could protect the un­ 1848. Civil war in Paris; barricades happy individuals; in 36 hours the names erected, and a terrible slaughter of the of 2370 were enrolled. people; general Cavaignac declared dic­ 1763. JOHN PETER DE BOUGAINVILLE died; tator. a French author, of great acquirements, 1848. MARTIN VAN BUREN nominated whose application hastened his death, at for president of the United States at a con­ the age of 41. vention at Utica. 1770. PHILIP CARTERET WEBB died a 1849. ELIZABETH GRlNDELL died in Go­ distinguished English lawyer and anti­ shen, N. H., aged 104~ years, leaving a quary. descendant of thefifth generation. June 22.] EVERY DAYBOOK. 245

1852. CHARLES C. BERRY, commander were abandoned to the rapacity of the of the steamship United States, died at conquerors. Brooklyn, N. Y., aged 39. He had been 1606. HENRY GARNET, provincial of the connected with the mercantile marine of Jesuits, executed for ~he gunpowder plot. New York from an early age. 1645. VIERA'S plot discovered, to deli­ 1854. JEREMIAH M. SCARRITT, a United ver Olinda and the other Dutch possessions States military engineer, died at Key West. into the hands of the Portuguese. He was He was a native of New Hampshire, grad­ originally a butcher's boy. uated at the military academy of West 1650. CHARLES II arrived on the coast Point in 1838, served with distinction in of Scotland, but was compelled to take the war with Mexico, and was brevetted the covenant before landing. for gallant and meritorious conduct. 1654. SOUTHWORTH, a catholic clergyman, 1855. SAMUEL SUMNER WILDE died, aged executed in his 72d year. He reproached 84. He was one of the delegates to the his persecutors for arming themselves for Hartford convention, and the last survivor liberty of conscience, and killing him for of that assemblage; he also held the office differing with them. of a justice of the supreme court of Mas­ 1664. The duke of York conveyed a part sachusetts 35 years. His judicial career of his tract in North America to John lord was distinguished by great legal learning Berkley, baron of Stratton, and sir George and stern integrity. Carteret, by the name of Nova-CaJsarea, or 1855. WILLIAlI HENRY STONE, the cor­ New.Jersey. Thus the New Netherlands respondent of the London Times from the became divided into New York and New seat of war, died at Balaclava, aged 30. Jersey. He was employed by the British govern­ 1687. M. DENONVILLE, with 1,500 French ment in administering the fund for the re­ and 500 Indians marched from Canada for lief of the sick and wounded, and was a the purpose of humbling the Seneca In­ young man of brilliant promise. dians. When he had reached the foot of a hill about a mile from the principal vil­ lage of the Senecas, he aroused an ambush JUNE 23. of 500 Indians, which at first threw his army into confusion, but they soon rallied 217 B. c. Battle of Thrasymene, in Ita­ again and the Senecas werc defeated, with ly, between the Romans under Caius Fla­ the lose of 80, and laid their own village minius, and the Carthaginians under Han­ in ashes. The French found only two old nibal. The Romans were defeated, and men, whom they cut in pieces and boiled Flaminius killed. to make soup for their allies. 303. ST. ALBAN, the first martyr for 1707. JOHN MILL, a learned English di­ Christianity in England, beheaded at Ve­ vine, died; editor of a Greek. Testament, rulam in Hertfordshire. Nearly five hun-. with various readings and critical notes; a dred years after his death his memory was labor of thirty years, and which was pub. honored by Offa, king of the Mercians, who lished only a fortnight before his death. built a stately monastery over him, whence 1728. GABRIEL DANIEL, a learned French the town of St. Albans receives its name. Jesuit, died. His books were rapidly re­ 1137. ALBERTUS, archbishop of Mentz, published, and several translated. died. He abused the confidence and libe­ 1736. ACH>fET III, ex-emperor of Tur­ rality of the emperor, Henry V, by rais­ key, died, aged 74. He waged war with ing a conspiracy, for which he was impri­ Russia, Persia and Venice successfully, soned. and is entitled to some regard for the hos­ 1281. A terrible convulsion of Mount pitality he showed to that unfortunate Etna, about sunset. madman, Charles XII of bweden. 1485. RICHARD III published his famous 1757. Battle of Plaissey, in Hindostan; proclamation, stating that Henry Tudor the British under lord Clive defeated Sura­ intended to "change and subvert the laws jah Dowla, and took his camp, baggage, of the realm, and to do the most cruel and 50 cannon. murders, slaughters, robberies and dishe­ 1758. Battle of Crefelt; French defeat­ risons, that were ever seen in any Christian ed with the loss of 600 by the allies under country." Ferdinand of Brunswick, who lost 1,500. 1579. The famous union of Utrecht ef­ 1759. Battle of Kay, on the OdeI'; the fected. It included Gelderland, Holland, Prussians under Wedel attacked the Rus­ Zealand, Friesland and Utrecht. Ghent and sians, an<,l were defeated with the loss of Ypres afterwards acceded. 4,000. 1596. Cadiz surrendered to the English 1760. Battle of Landshut; the Austri­ by capitulation. A ransom of 120,000 ans assaulted and carried the town with crowns was paid by the inhabitants for great loss on both sides. their lives, and the town and merchandise 1764. JOSEPH BARRY, a French ecclesi- 246 EVERY DAY BOOK. [June 2,3. astic and author, died. His History of Ger­ JUNE 24. many, 11 vols. quarto, is reckoned the best work in Prench on the subject. 64. The first Christian persecution un­ 1770. MARK AKENSIDE, an English poet, der Nero. died. He wrote also on medicine; and 79. TITUS FLAVIUS VESPASIANUS,. em­ possessed an original and powerful mind. peror of Rome, died, after a popular reign 1780. Battle of Springfield, N. J.; the of 10 years. He was the first of the Roman British took the town and burnt it, and emperors who died a natural death. retreated. 1203. The third, or Boniface's crusade, 1791. CATHARINE MACAULEY (Graham), reached Chalcedon. an English historian, ·died. She wrote 1314. Battle of Bannockburn in Scot­ several histories, essays and political works, land. The Bnglish army of 100,000 men which are now nearly obliviated. under Edward II totally defeated by the 1793. New declaration of the rights of Scots, ,30,000, under Bruce. The 1013s of man by the French convention. the Bnglish was 154 earls, barons and 1793. Cape Frangois burnt by the neg­ knights, 700 gentlemen and upwards of roes and mulattoes, after an indiscriminate 10,000 common soldiers. massacre of the w)J.ites, which had been in 1,340. Battle of Sluys: the English un­ progress since the 7th, by which several der Edward III, with 240 ships, defeated thousands perished. (See 20th.) the French fleet of 400 ships. 1'he French 1795. Action between the British and lost 230 vessels and 30,000 men killed. French fleets oft· L'Orient, in which the 1450. Battle of Seven Oaks, in England, latter were defeated, with the loss of sev­ when Cade, the rebel, tnrning on his pur­ eral large ships. suers, put them to flight, killed sir Hum­ 1824. SrEPHEN AIGNAN, a French poet phrey Stafford, and arrayed himself in the and dramatic writer, died. He filled sev­ knight's panopli and spurs. eral offices under Napoleon. 1497. Jomf CABOT and his son SEBASTIAN, 1824. WILSON LOWRY, an English artist, in the service of Bngland, first descried died. He made many improvements in land on the continent of America, which the art of engraving. • they called Prima Vista, and is generally 1836. JAMES MILL, a Scottish divine, supposed to have been some part of New­ died; celebrated for his literary and philo­ foundland. No one had yet reached the sophical works, author of a History of Brit­ continent. ish India, g-c. 1534. JOHN BOCCOLD (of Leyden) a jour­ 18,39. HEs'rER STANHOPE, a learned Eng­ neyman tailor, crowned king of Sion at lish lady, died at D'Joun, in Syria. She Munster, in Germany, by the anabaptists. had resided in Syria nearly thirty years, The German princes took the city by sur­ and was celebrated for her eccentricity and prise onthis day the year following, and de­ singular mode of life. She was a niece of Jlosed the king, and afterwards put him to 'William Pitt, and abandoned civilized so~ death. ciety to reside among Arabs, over whom 1577. SEBASTIAN III of Portugal em­ she acquired great command. barked at Lisbon against the "Ioors in Af­ 1854. A terrible hurricane occurred at rica, with 1,000 sail. Manteno, Illinois, extending from six to 1637. NIcrroLAs CLAUDE F ABRI PEIRESC, eight miles in width, prostrated many a distingll.ished French antiquary, died. houses, and caused much other damage. He was a learned man, and highly es­ 1854. DANIEL WELLS, chief justice of teemed by his cotemporaries. the court of common pleas of Massachu­ 1643. JOllN HAMPDEN, an English states­ setts, died at Cambridge, aged 63. He man, died. He was a leader of the par­ was born in Greenfield, Mass., and in 1837 liamentary forces, and mortally wounded was appointed district attorney for the at the battle of Chalgrove field. western district, the duties of which office 1675. King PIIILIl"S war began at Swan­ he discharged with marked ability, pro­ zey, in the Plymouth colony, not far from priety and success until appointed chief mount Hope. Having sent their wives aud justice. children to the Narragansetts for safety, a 1855. The Russians, 30,000 men, under party of the Wampanoags advanced to general Mouravieff, invested Kars in the Swanzey, where they menaced the people, Crimea; the'l'urkish garrison was com­ and proceeded to rifle their houses, aud manded by general Williams, an English­ even to kill the cattle. An Indian was man. shot, whereupon the party rushed forward 1856. Prince ESTERIIAZY, an eminent and slew eight or nine of the inhabitants; Austrian ambassador, died at Berlin, in thus opened the bloody scene, which for Prussia, where he was envoy. more than a year spread terror and devas­ tation over the New England colonies, and shed a deluge of human blood. It was a June 24.] EVERY DAY BOOK. 247

contest for extirpation, and ere it ended 1848. ANTONIO GAGNA, a Mexican mili­ the flower of the English and the chivalry tary officer, died at Puebla, aged 64 years, of the Indians were laid low. 52 of which he had spent in the service, 1711. Queen i\.!nm's fleet, sent to reduce and acquired the reputation of a gallant, Canada, arrived. at Boston, New England. benevolent and courtly gentleman. 1724. Great tumult in Glasgow, occa­ 1852. CHRISTOPHER EDWARDS GADSDEN, sioned by a tax on malt. Preparations of bishop of the episcopal diocese of South malt liquor were at that time deemed es­ Carolina, died at Charleston, aged 68. sential articles of comfort. 1852. The first national agricultural con­ 1n)6. English act of parliament against vention assembled at Washington, con­ witchcraft, passed in the rcign of James I, sisting of 151 members, representing 22 repealed. states; Marshall P. Wilder, of Massachu­ 1741. A daily mail flrst instituted in setts, president. London. 1853. A courier arrived at St. Peters­ 1750. Pension of £30 per annum con­ burg, bringing the refusal of the sultan of ferred on Hannah Snell, the female soldier, Turkcy to the note of the czar, where­ who under the name of James Gray, serv­ upon orders were issued for the invasion ed king George more than 5 years. of the Danubian principalities. 1762. Battle of Graebenstein; the allies 1855. Forty-seven Russian ships, of from under prince Ferdinand, defeated the 200 to 700 tons each, were destroyed near French under Soubisse, and d'Estrecs, Nystadt, in the gulf of Bothnia, by boats who lost 300 men. from the allied squadron. 1770. CHRISTOPHER DRAKENBERG.died in Norway, aged 146. 1782. JOHN BLAIR, a Scottish chronolo­ JUNE 25. gist, died. His principal work is a chrono­ logy and history of the world. 1208. PIllLIP, duke of Swabia, assas­ 1796. DAVID RIT'l'ENHOUSE, an American simi-ted. He was elected emperor of Ger­ natural philosopher, died. From a manu­ mauy, but was obliged to give room to facturer of clocks and mathematical in­ atho, who had the most powcrful support­ struments he became, by his own exer­ ers. His memory is still respected in tions, one of the most scientific men of Germauy. the day. 1520. The assaults of the Mexicans upon 1799. Division of the territory and trea­ the Spaniards in the centre of their capi­ sures of Tippo Saib, by the English. tal, which had continued without inter­ 1803. MATTllEW THORNTON, a signer of mission since the massacre of the 13th the declaration, died. He was a practicing May, (q.v.) was made with increased fury on physician in New Hampshire, when the this day. The Spaniards defended them­ war of the revolution broke out. selves with 12 pieces of artillery, which 1804. The spire of Hanslope church, made terrible havoc upon their enemy; but Buckinghamshire, England, fell immedia­ as the number of them was infinite, they tely after divine servictl and crushed down covered the sight of their dead with fresh the roof also; no lives were lost. numbers. The Spaniards with Cortez at 1810. Battle of Beaverdams; 570 Ameri­ their head made a sally into one of the cans surprised and taken by the British. principal streets, carrying fire and sword 1812. The grand imperial army of Na­ among the dense mass, destroying men poleon, consisting of 470,000 men, con­ and houses before them. solidated into three masses, began the Rus­ 1526. An imperial diet assembled at sian campaign bythe passage ofthe Niemen. Spires, and observed the rites of the re­ 1817. THO){AS J\I'K!,AN died; a signer of formed church. It was at this sitting that the declaration, and governor of Penn­ Charles V proposed the meeting of a gene­ sylvania. ral council for reforming the abnses of the 1821. Battle of Carabobo, in Colombia; church. the royalist army totally defeated by the 1634. JOHN MARSTON died; an English republicans, with the loss of their artillery, dramatic author. He was a chaste and pure baggage, and 6,000 prisoners. writer, avoiding the ribaldry and obscenity 1839. Battle of Nezib, in Syria, between of the age. the Turks, 70,000, under the seraskier, 1644. THO~[AS WESTFIELD died; a learned Hafiz pasha, and the Egyptians, 80,000, English divine, whose eloqnence and pa­ under Ibrahim. The Turks were defeated, thos procured him the appellation of the with the loss of 6,000 killed and many weeping prophet. prisoners. 1663..JOHN BRA~mALL, lord primate of 1840. The 400th anniversary of the dis­ Irelaud, died. He was highly serviceable covery of the art of printing celebrated at to the royal cause during the English civil Boston and various places in Europe. wars. 248 EVERY DAY BOOK. [June 25.

1667. JOHN HARMAN with 16 ships de­ turalist, died. He was a printer by pro­ feated a French fleet of 30, near lIIartinico, fession, wrote for the Encyclopedia Brittan­ 1672. The king of France at the head of nica, translated Buffon, and conducted the 120,000 choice troops, commanded by the Edinburgh Review and Magazine. ablest generals in the world, entered Ut­ 1807. An armistice between the em­ recht in triumph, and advanced'within 9 perors of France and Russia, when they miles of Amsterdam. At this crisis the held a personal conference upon a raft inhabitants of Amsterdam opened the moored in the river Niemen, near Tilsit. sluices and laid the country under water. The sovereigns embraced each other, and Fertile flelds, numerous villas and flourish­ retiring under a canopy, had a long con­ ing villages were overwhelmed by the in­ versation, to which no one was a witness. undation. They even formed the design 1813. British under admiral Cockburn, of migrating to their settlements in the with 2,000 troops, took Hampton, Va., East Indies, and erecting a new empire in and pillaged it for two days. the southern extremity of Asia. It was 1815. BONAPARTE'S farewell address to found that there were vessels in the har­ his soldiery. bor sufficient to transport 150 families, but 1816. HUGH HENRY BRACKENRIDGE, a a favorable turn in their affairs, prevented Pennsylvania judge, died; known as the the necessity of having recourse to that author of Modern Chivalry, a poem, and by desperate expedient. other works. 1689. 'WILLIAM THOMAS, an English 1823. ALEXA:-lDER GRIFFITHS, at once a bishop, died; author of an .Ilpology for the parricide and suicide, was buried in the Church of England, and other works. cross roads near London; the last so in­ 1695. Namur in Belgium taken from the terred, as the act giving suicides Christian "French after a long and bloody siege. burial then took effect. 1725. JO:-lATHA:-l WILD, the noted thief 1841. ALEXA:-lDER MACOMB, commander catcher, hanged at Tyburn. The evening in chief of the army of the United States, previous he tried to poison himself, but died at Wabhington. He entered the ser­ lived to be stoned and hooted by the vice of the United States in 1799 as cornet populace on his way to the gallows. of dragoons; was raised to the rank of 1744. ROGER GALE, an Englishantiquary, brigadier general in 1814, and commanded died; esteemed one of the most learned at the successful battle of Plattsburgh. and polite scholars of the age. 1842. M. SISMONDI, the historian, died 1767. GODFREY SELLIUS, a Prussian his­ near Geneva, aged 69. torian, died. 1844. JARVIS CUTLER, the flrst white 1781. The wives, children and depend­ man that cut down a tree for a settlement ents of those inhabitants of Charleston, in Ohio, died at Evansville, Indiana. who resided in the rebel colonies, ordered 1852. DUDLEY MARVIN, an eminent law­ by the British to quit the place by the 1st yer of western New York, died, aged 65, of August. More than 1,000 persons were at Ripley, Chautauque county. He was a thus exiled. native of Lyme, Ct., studied at Canandai­ 1782. Action between the French and gua, and was several times returned to Spanish fleet, 25 sail, and the Newfound­ congress. land and Quebec fleets; 18 of the latter, laden chiefly with provisions, were cap­ JUNE 26. tured. 1784. Judge WHITE, with his family, 285 B. C. DIONYSIUS of Alexandria began having ascended the .Mohawk river, land­ his astronomical era. lie was the flrst to ed at the mouth of the Sauquoit. Hence find the exact limits of the solar year, the origin of Whitestown. The country which he made to consist of 365 days, 5 then was an unbroken wilderness. hours, 49 minutes. 1788. Virginia, the tenth state, adopted 44 B. c. The memorable conference be­ the federal constitution, 89 to 79, the least tween Brutus and Cassius, and Cicero at majority of any state except New'York. Antium. 1794. CHARLES BARBAROUX, a noted 363. JULIAN, emperor of Rome, died, French revolutionist, guillotined. He at­ aged 32. He was elected by his soldiery, tacked the usurpations of Robespierre and on the death of Constantius, and soon de­ the machinations of the J acobins, by which clared himself a pagan. He was learned he fell. and in his private character respectable. 1794. Charleroi surrendered to the 1276. INNOCENT V (Peter de Tarantaise), French under .Jourdan, seven days after pope of Rome, died. the trenches had been opened. General 1541. FRANCISCO PIZARRO, the Spanish Reinach and 3,000 Austrians who defend­ adventurer, assassinated in his own palace, ed the fortress, were madc prisoners of war. at noonday, by the friends of Almagro, at 1795. WILLIAM SMELLIE, a Scottish na- the age of 63. June 26.J EVERY DAY BOOK. 249 ,...,,' ~:;..::l 1569. VICTORIUS STRIOELIUS died; a 1793. GILBERT WHITF., an English na: learned professor at Leipsic, and one of turalist and antiquary, died. Luther's first disciples. 1794. Battle of Fleurus, in Belgium; 1574. GABRIEL DE MONTGOMERY, a zealous the allies defeated by the French under protestant nobleman, beheaded at Paris by Jourdan, after a contest of 15 hours. On order of Catharine, who sacrificed him to this occasion, Coutel, an reronaut, with 2 her unjust revenge. (See June 29, 1559.) officers, reconnoitered the contending ar­ 1657. OLIVER CROMWELL solemnly inau­ mies in an air balloon. gurated lord protector. 1795. PETER DEMOURS died; a French 1685. RUMBOLD, the maltster who con­ surgeon and oculist, known for his dex­ trived the Rye house plot taken and exe­ terity, and author of some professional cuted at Edinburgh. works. 1688. RALl'H CUDWORTH, a celebrated 1799. The first newspaper at Brooklyn, English divine,