Communal Riots of Muzaffarnagar- Shamli, 2013: Institutionalised Riots System, Majoritarian Politics and Human Insecurity of the ‘Minority’ Community in the Region
Communal Riots of Muzaffarnagar- Shamli, 2013: Institutionalised Riots System, Majoritarian Politics and Human Insecurity of the ‘Minority’ Community in the region. Submitted by: Surbhi Khyati ISA Asia Pacific Conference 2016, City University, Hong Kong Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 2 THE POLITICS OF CATEGORISATION AND HUMAN (IN)SECURITY OF THE ‘MINOTITY’ COMMUNITY 3 REDUCING CITIZENS TO CATEGORIES – A CHALLENGE FOR HUMAN SECURITY ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. MUZAFFARNAGAR AND SHAMLI – A NEW CASE OF IRS? 4 POLITICAL SKETCH – 5 SOCIAL MAKEUP – 5 (1) JATS 6 (2) KHAP PANCHAYAT 6 (3) FARMERS’ POLITICS OF THE REGION - 7 THE 2013 RIOTS 10 MANUFACTURED VIOLENCE – FRACTURED COMMUNITY 14 EFFECTS OF THE RIOTS ON HINDUS AND MUSLIMS 15 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HINDUS AND MUSLIMS BEFORE RIOTS 15 CHANGE IN RELATIONSHIP AFTER THE RIOTS 16 POLITICAL OUTCOMES 17 CONCLUSION 18 2 Introduction Communal identities and their violent manifestations are an on-going socio-political problem in South Asia for over seven decades noW. In South Asian leXicon, the Word ‘communal’ delineates a very different analogy than the general meaning of the term as used in other parts of the World. Communalism, in this conteXt, pertains to a condition of suspicion, fear and hostility betWeen members of different religious communities (Pandey, 1990, p. 6). Communal violence or communal riot, similarly, means violent conflicts betWeen these religious groups, “analogous to violent racial or ethnic conflicts, [which] involve collective and/or individual acts of violence – murder, looting, arson and the destruction of property.” (Patel, 1995, p.370). Communal identity is religion- based identity, like Hindu or Muslim identity, invoked particularly against other religious identities.
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