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New York State Transportation Fuels Infrastructure Study

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New York State Transportation Fuels Infrastructure Study New York State Transportation Fuels Infrastructure Study Section Work Order No: 7 under Agreement 10304 Final Report September 2012 Submitted to: New York State Energy Research & Development Authority (NYSERDA) 17 Columbia Circle Submitted by: Albany, New York 12203 ICF International 9300 Lee Highway Fairfax Virginia 22031 & Poten & Partners, Inc. 805 Third Avenue, New York, New York 10022 ICF Contact Zeta Rosenberg 703-934-3949 Warranties and Representations. Notice This report was prepared by ICF International in the course of performing work contracted for and sponsored by the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority and the United States Department of Energy, under funding from the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act (ARRA) (hereafter the "Sponsors"). The opinions expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect those of the Sponsors or the State of New York, and reference to any specific product, service, process, or method does not constitute an implied or expressed recommendation or endorsement of it. Further, the Sponsors and the State of New York make no warranties or representations, expressed or implied, as to the fitness for particular purpose or merchantability of any product, apparatus, or service, or the usefulness, completeness, or accuracy of any processes, methods, or other information contained, described, disclosed, or referred to in this report. The Sponsors, the State of New York, and the contractor make no representation that the use of any product, apparatus, process, method, or other information will not infringe privately owned rights and will assume no liability for any loss, injury, or damage resulting from, or occurring in connection with, the use of information contained, described, disclosed, or referred to in this report. Abstract This report examines the infrastructure and market trends that affect the supply and distribution of transportation fuels into, and within, the State of New York as well as trends affecting fuel specifications and overall demand. The primary fuels include gasoline, diesel, and emerging alternative fuels such as ethanol, compressed natural gas, and biodiesel. The report discusses current and future estimated demand for transportation fuels in the State. Additionally, the report discusses key aspects of the supply chain, ranging from international and domestic refineries, pipelines, blending, storage terminals maritime transport, and rail, to retail operations and distribution. Keywords New York State Transportation Fuels, Alternative Transportation Fuels, Fuels Infrastructure. Final Report Table of Contents List of Exhibits ..........................................................................................................................v List of Tables ...........................................................................................................................vii List of Acronyms and Definitions ........................................................................................... ix Conversion Factors ............................................................................................................... xiii Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................1 Critical Trends in the Demand for and Supply of Transportation Fuels in NYS – Section I ...................................................................................................................................2 Demand Outlooks ................................................................................................................2 Supply Outlooks ...................................................................................................................3 Crude Oil Structural Supply Changes .................................................................................. 4 Tier 3 Specifications .............................................................................................................4 Renewable Fuel Standard 2 (RFS2) Requirements ............................................................. 5 Changes in Home Heating and its Impact on Transportation Distillate Market ..................... 5 Reductions in Marine Bunker Fuel Sulfur Specifications ...................................................... 6 Critical Trends in the Infrastructure for Transportation Fuels in NYS – Section II ..................... 6 Refinery Closures and Changes .......................................................................................... 7 NYS Transportation Infrastructure Capabilities – Section III .................................................... 8 Retail Findings .....................................................................................................................8 Marine Transportation ..........................................................................................................9 Biofuels Transportation and Pricing ..................................................................................... 9 Effect of Ethanol Disruptions .............................................................................................. 10 Summation ............................................................................................................................ 10 General Overview of Infrastructure and Market Trends ....................................................... 11 Study Area Definitions ........................................................................................................... 12 The Current Fuels Market and Emerging Trends ................................................................... 15 Confidential and/or Proprietary Data ...................................................................................... 17 Data Sources and Integrity .................................................................................................... 17 Structure of the Report .......................................................................................................... 17 I. Section I: NYS Transportation Fuels Supply Characteristics ...................................... 19 Overview ...............................................................................................................................19 Demand for Transportation Fuels in NYS .............................................................................. 20 Demand for Petroleum Fuels in 2010 and 2011 ................................................................. 20 Demand for Biofuels and Alternative Fuels in 2010 and 2011 ............................................ 22 i Final Report NYS Estimated Future Demand for All Transportation Fuels .............................................. 24 Supply Sources into NYS: Petroleum ................................................................................... 34 Regional Supply Flows ...................................................................................................... 35 Regional Supply Storage ................................................................................................... 36 Petroleum Imports ............................................................................................................. 38 Marine Product Movements ............................................................................................... 45 Petroleum Market and Pricing Issues ................................................................................. 51 Regional Refinery Characteristics ...................................................................................... 64 Global Impacts on the Regional Market ............................................................................. 70 Supply Constraints ............................................................................................................. 72 Supply Sources to NYS: Biofuels .......................................................................................... 78 Ethanol Supply Chain ........................................................................................................ 78 Biodiesel Supply Chain ...................................................................................................... 84 II. Section II Inventory of NYS Transportation Fuels Infrastructure ................................ 87 Overview ...............................................................................................................................87 Petroleum Pipeline and Terminal infrastructure ..................................................................... 87 Petroleum Pipelines Supplying NYS .................................................................................. 89 Regional NYS Petroleum Terminal Capacity ...................................................................... 92 Primary Bulk Distribution Petroleum Terminals in NYS ...................................................... 93 Secondary End-Use Terminals in NYS .............................................................................. 95 Northern New Jersey Bulk Distribution Terminals .............................................................. 95 Terminal Operations and Blending Issues .......................................................................... 98 Infrastructure Closures, Expansions, and Construction Projects ...................................... 108 Marine Infrastructure ..........................................................................................................
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