DOCSLIB.ORG

1.3 Seismic Hazard

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
1.3 Seismic Hazard 1 Introduction Natural disasters inflicted by earthquakes, landslides, flood, drought, cyclone, forest fire, volcanic eruptions, epidemics etc. keep happening in some parts or the other around the globe leading to loss of life, damage to properties and causing widespread socio-economic disruptions. EM- DAT, a global disaster database maintained by the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED) in Brussels, records more than 600 disasters globally every year (http://www. cred.be). Earthquakes are the major menace to the mankind killing thousands of people every year in different parts of the globe. An estimated average of 17,000 persons per year has been killed in the 20th century itself. Statistics taken for the period 1973-1997 (http://www.cred.be), organized in 5-year bins, exhibit that earthquakes are amongst the disasters with larger death impact as depicted in Figure 1.1 even though the occurrences of flood events are twice per year. According to the International Disaster database (i.e. CRED) the total human fatality occurred in Asia for the period between 1900 to 2015 is estimated to be 18,23,324 persons while in case of only the Indian subcontinent the casualty is estimated to be around 78,209 with total economy loss of 5222.7 million (US$). Thus earthquakes are considered to be one of the worst among all the natural disasters. Figure 1.1 Comparison amongst different types of natural catastrophes (after Ansal, 2004). A comparative analysis performed by CRED in terms of total damage in billions of US$ reportedly caused by natural disasters as shown in Figure 1.2 illustrates that Asia is more prone to earthquake disaster than any other continental regions in the world. From the global earthquake perspective, the 21st century began quite ominously due to the occurrence of some great earthquakes causing damage both in terms of fatalities and 1 2 Introduction Figure 1.2 Total damages (US $billion) reportedly caused by natural disasters (source: EMDAT, http://www.emdat.be). socio-economic context. In 2001, the Bhuj earthquake of Mw 7.7, killed around 20,085 people with 1,66,836 injuries, approximately 3,39,000 buildings destroyed and 7,83,000 damaged in the Bhuj- Ahmadabad-Rajkot area and other parts of the region. In 2003, the Mw 6.6 Bam earthquake occurred in southeastern Iran which killed 31,000 people, rendered 30,000 injured, 75,600 homeless and 85 percent of buildings damaged or destroyed in the Bam region. The greatest earthquake of the century occurred in 2004, the Mw 9.1 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake which is the third largest earthquake in the world since 1900 and the largest since 1964. In total 2,27,898 people were killed or missing, presumably dead and about 1.7 million people were displaced by the earthquake and the subsequent tsunami that propagated across 14 countries in South Asia and East Africa. In 2005, the Mw 7.6 Kashmir earthquake killed 86,000 people. The Wenchuan, China earthquake of Mw 7.9 occurred in 2008 which killed around 87,587 people and rendered around 3,74,177 injured. The 2010 Haiti earthquake of Mw 7.0 killed 3,16,000 people, rendered 3,00,000 injured, 1.3 million displaced, 97,294 houses destroyed and 1,88,383 damaged in the Port-au-Prince area and in most of southern Haiti. The 2011 Japan earthquake of Mw 9.0 killed 20,896 people and caused wide spread damage and destruction. This earthquake serves as a warning that even developed and well- prepared countries are not immune to terrifying disasters. Though large loss of life in earthquakes has been observed previously also, the occurrence of so many deadly earthquakes within a single decade is unprecedented. These deadly earthquakes have incited assumption that the planet has experienced the consequences of a large population growth in the 20th century (Holzer and Savage, 2013). The global growth of population implies that earthquakes have become increasingly deadly because the expected number of earthquake disaster is proportional to the exposed population and their vulnerability components. 3 Introduction Though large earthquakes cause immense damage & destruction, it also provides an opportunity for the seismologists to get more insight into the internal structure of the earth to gain a better understanding of the mechanism of earthquakes. The studies carried out after the occurrence of strong earthquakes have provided basic knowledge and information on the phenomenon to provide necessary input for the assessment of seismic hazard and its possible mitigation. These post- earthquake surveys gave insight into the destructive pattern of earthquakes caused due to three complex processes. The first process is the solid earth system that is made of (a) seismic source, (b) propagation of the seismic wave through a medium, and (c) the local geology. The second process is the anthropogenic system that consists of the man-made structures like buildings, dams, bridges, tunnels etc. and the quality of construction and the last factor is the socio-economic development of the settlement before it is struck by an earthquake (Panza et al., 2001). The amount of loss of life and damages to human properties not only depend on the magnitude of the earthquake but also on the aforesaid three processes. Due to the heterogeneous nature of the earth’s crust, the seismic waves undergo multiple reflections, refractions and transformations along their path from the source to the site of observation. The changes are more prominent near the surface underlain by soil, where the geological and geotechnical properties of the soil layers play an important role in the amplification of the seismic energy. Prediction of an earthquake has been a subject of controversy with divided opinions. Earthquake prediction gained momentum with the prediction of the Blue Mountain Lake earthquake in 1971 and the success claimed at Haicheng which occurred in 1975 but proved to be short lived. Sykes et al. (1999) gives an account on the possibility and limitation of earthquake prediction. Researchers like Geller (1997) and Main (1995) argue that short-term prediction with certainty is inherently difficult and that very high resolution is required for mitigation measures. Usually a time scale is involved that corresponds to long-term prediction considering an earthquake with a return period of 50, 100 or 500 years. Prediction of individual earthquake may not be possible but the long-term rates of earthquakes can be forecasted with considerable accuracy especially in the regions of high seismic activities, like the plate margins, such as Japan, Italy, Turkey, Mexico, and California. Time and again, catastrophic earthquakes across the globe annihilate vast population and cause severe socio-economic breakdowns incurring substantial setbacks in the developmental efforts. They continue to pose significant threat to the sustainable development and growth of civilization. Scientific understanding of the phenomena is of vital importance for mitigation measures to withstand the impacts of the hazard. The seismic hazard paradigm embodies ‘where’, ‘when’ and ‘how’ the earthquakes occur, associated ground motions, and their effects on the structures (McGuire, 2004). In several cases, considerable damages are also caused by secondary effects such as tsunami, landslide, soil liquefaction, rockfall, and ground subsidence. However, structural engineering is based mostly on ground shaking intensity levels that act as primary hazard proxy. Seismologists, therefore, predict the ground shaking intensity from potential earthquakes to support building codes for seismic-resistant constructions, landuse planning, and earthquake insurance purposes. Earthquake occurrences do not have spatial uniformity entailing differential exposures to earthquake effects across large areas. Furthermore, intensities of ground motions also vary widely depending on regional tectonics and local geological conditions. By delineating zones of different hazard levels using state-of-the-art technology, we deliver knowledge products about the expected ground motion quantities. The vulnerability of modern society towards earthquake hazard is increasing with time. Although the occurrence of earthquakes is inevitable, the reduction of the social and economic setback during earthquakes can be achieved through a comprehensive assessment of Seismic 4 Introduction Hazard Microzonation and Risk. This can be accomplished by creating public awareness and by upgrading or retrofitting the existing buildings & engineering structures and also taking appropriate measures in case of upcoming urban structures. 1.1 Earthquakes in India India, with its unique geological setting and socio-economic conditions is highly vulnerable to disasters. Seismic vulnerability in India is well evidenced by numerous past earthquake-related calamities. According to the vulnerability atlas of India prepared by Building Materials and Technology Promotion Council (BMTPC), more than 59 percent of the total landcover in the country is susceptible to seismic hazard (BMTPC, 1997). Incidentally, India is the second most populous country in the world. On the other hand, unplanned urbanization is expanding rapidly across the country to accommodate the burgeoning population. Information regarding earthquake magnitude and frequency are essential for proper assessment of seismicity of a region. There has been a consistent sequence of earthquakes in the Indian subcontinent since ancient times and it is one of the most earthquake prone regions of the world and is
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pakistan 2005 Earthquake Preliminary Damage and Needs Assessment
    Pakistan 2005 Earthquake Preliminary Damage and Needs Assessment Prepared By Asian Development Bank and World Bank Islamabad, Pakistan November 12, 2005 CURRENCY AND EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit = Pakistan Rupee US$1 = PKR 59.4 FISCAL YEAR July 1 - June 30 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ADB Asian Development Bank LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas ADP Annual Development Plans MOH Ministry of Health AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome MOWP Ministry of Water and Power AEZs Agro-Ecological Zones MPNR Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Resources AJK Azad Jammu Kashmir MSW Municipal Solid Waste AJKED Electricity Department of Azad J. Kashmir NCHD National Commission for Human Development ARI Acute Respiratory Infection NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations CAA Civil Aviation Authority NHA National Highway Authority CAS Country Assistance Strategy NWFP North West Frontier Province CFAA Country Financial Accountability Assessment OMC Oil Marketing Companies CISP Community Infrastructure and Services Project P&DD Planning and Development Department CMU Concrete Masonry Unit PESCO Peshawar Electricity Supply Company DAC Disaster Assessment and Coordination PHC Primary Health Care DECC District Emergency Coordination Committee PHED Public Health Engineering Department DFID Department for International Development PIFRA Project to Improve Financial Reporting and DPL Development Policy Loan Auditing ECLAC Economic Commission for Latin America and PIHS Pakistan Integrated Household Survey the Caribbean PPAF Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund EMG Emergency Management
    [Show full text]
  • Earthquake 2005: Some Implications for Environment and Human Capital
    Munich Personal RePEc Archive Earthquake 2005: Some Implications for Environment and Human Capital Hamdani, Nisar Hussain and Shah, Syed Akhter Hussain Pakistan Institute of DEvelopment EConomics Islamabad Pakistan 2005 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9519/ MPRA Paper No. 9519, posted 11 Jul 2008 04:58 UTC FJW University Rawalpindi , AJ&K Muzaffarabad and Higher Education Commission Islamabad-Pakistan Earthquake 2005: Some Implications for Environment and Human Capital Dr. Syed Nisar Hussain Hamdani* ` & Syed Akhter Hussain Shah** Loss of human capital in the form of skills and experiences is one of the outcomes of any natural hazard such as earthquake, drought, famine, and floods. Generally such losses have many implications for further growth of individuals, communities and nations. Disaster management and risk assessment has established a new need to constitute a paradigm of planning frameworks to develop modules for dealing with interactive rehabilitation and reconstruction activities. However, such management still lacks due attention in perspective of the remedy of human capital loss particularly in environmental management. This paper discusses the post-disaster situations with respect to human capital flow and stock losses and some of their implications and suggests some measures to apply in the earthquake-affected areas of Azad Kashmir and NWFP. Introduction A sustainable environment facilitates directly and indirectly to the strengthening of economic growth, socio-cultural demographic uplift, infrastructural buildup, positive external generation, and improving beyond preserving levels the ‘quality of life for humans’. Further it is complementary to economic growth for long run human development objectives as well, where it significantly affects human capital, its accumulation and the overall environment.
    [Show full text]
  • The Project for National Disaster Management Plan in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan
    NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY (NDMA) THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN THE PROJECT FOR NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN IN THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN FINAL REPORT NATIONAL MULTI-HAZARD EARLY WARNING SYSTEM PLAN MARCH 2013 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. CTI ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL PT OYO INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION JR 13-001 NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY (NDMA) THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN THE PROJECT FOR NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN IN THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN FINAL REPORT NATIONAL MULTI-HAZARD EARLY WARNING SYSTEM PLAN MARCH 2013 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. CTI ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL OYO INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION The following foreign exchange rate is applied in the study: US$ 1.00 = PKR 88.4 PREFACE The National Disaster Management Plan (NDMP) is a milestone in the history of the Disaster Management System (DRM) in Pakistan. The rapid change in global climate has given rise to many disasters that pose a severe threat to the human life, property and infrastructure. Disasters like floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, droughts, sediment disasters, avalanches, GLOFs, and cyclones with storm surges are some prominent manifestations of climate change phenomenon. Pakistan, which is ranked in the top ten countries that are the most vulnerable to climate change effects, started planning to safeguard and secure the life, land and property of its people in particular the poor, the vulnerable and the marginalized. However, recurring disasters since 2005 have provided the required stimuli for accelerating the efforts towards capacity building of the responsible agencies, which include federal, provincial, district governments, community organizations, NGOs and individuals. Prior to 2005, the West Pakistan National Calamities Act of 1958 was the available legal remedy that regulated the maintenance and restoration of order in areas affected by calamities and relief against such calamities.
    [Show full text]
  • Multihazard Early Warning System
    Government of Pakistan Cabinet Division National Plan: Strengthening National Capacities for Multi Hazard Early Warning and Response System Phase: I Prepared by Dr. Qamar-uz-Zaman Chaudhry Director General Pakistan Meteorological Department Under the guidance of Mr. Ejaz Rahim Secretary, Cabinet Division May, 2006 Phase-I of National Plan : Submitted for seeking funding from the consortium formed in response to President Clinton’s (The UN Special Envoy for Tsunami Recovery) initiative urging developing countries in the Indian Ocean Region to develop national plans for the establishment of Early Warning and Response Systems. 2 CONTENTS Executive Summary 1. Introduction 1.1 Geography 1.2 Seismicity / Earthquakes 1.3 Tsunami 1.4 Tropical Cyclone 1.5 Drought 1.6 Floods 2. Disaster Management Policy at National Level 3. National Strategy for Disaster Management 4. Organizations with overall disaster related responsibilities 4.1 Emergency Relief Cell (ERC) 4.2 Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) 4.3 Federal Flood Commission (FFC) 4.4 National Crisis Management Cell (NCMC) 4.5 Civil Defence 4.6 Provincial Relief Departments 4.7 Provincial Irrigation Departments 4.8 Provincial Health Departments 4.9 Provincial Agriculture & Livestock Department 4.10 Provincial Food Departments 4.11 Communication & Works 4.12 Planning & Development Departments 4.13 Army 4.14 Police Department 4.15 Dams Safety Council 5. Disaster Management in Regional Bodies 5.1 South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) 5.1.1 The SAARC Regional Study on the
    [Show full text]
  • Pakistan's Earthquake And
    Int. j. econ. env. geol. Vol:2(1) 19-29 Pakistans Earthquake and Tsunami Hazards Potential Impact on Infrastructure GEORGE PARARAS-CARAYANNIS 1741 Ala Moana Blvd. No. 70, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96815, USA [email protected] Abstract. Interaction of the Indian, Arabian and Eurasian tectonic plates has resulted in the formation of major active fault systems in South Asia. Compression along the tectonic boundaries results in thrust or reverse type of faulting and zones of crustal deformation characterized by high seismic activity and continuing Orogenesis. The more intense seismic activity occurs near regions of thrust faulting which is developing at the Himalayan foothills. In northern Pakistan, the Hindu Kush Mountains converge with the Karakoram Range to form a part of the Himalayan mountain system. Northern, western as well as southern Pakistan, Kashmir and northern India and Afghanistan are along such zones of high seismic activity. In Pakistan, most of the earthquakes occur in the north and western regions along the boundary of the Indian tectonic plate with the Iranian and Afghan micro-plates. The active zone extends from the Makran region in the southwest to the Hazara-Kashmir syntaxial bend in the north. Southwest Pakistan is vulnerable to both earthquake and tsunami hazards. In 2005, earthquakes devastated northern Pakistan and Kashmir and severely affected the cities of Muzaffarabad, Islamadad and Rawalpindi, causing severe destruction to the infrastructure of the northern region. A major earthquake along an extensive transform fault system in 1935 destroyed the city Quetta and the adjoining region. A major earthquake along the northern Arabian sea in 1945 generated a very destructive tsunami along the coasts of Baluchistan and Sindh Provinces.
    [Show full text]
  • The Bhuj Earthquake of 26Th January 2001
    THE KASHMIR, PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKE OF 8 OCTOBER 2005 A FIELD REPORT BY EEFIT Kashmir Pakistan Earthquake of 8 October 2005 A FIELD REPORT BY EEFIT Dr Navin Peiris Dr Tiziana Rossetto Dr Paul Burton Mr Suqlain Mahmood Earthquake Engineering Field Investigation Team Institution of Structural Engineers 11 Upper Belgrave St London SW1X 8BH United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0)207 235 4535 Fax: +44 (0)207 235 4294 www.eefit.org.uk ©EEFIT 2008 July 2008 ISBN 978 1 906335 11 3 EEFIT gratefully acknowledges the support of its corporate members: Arup Group Ltd BGS Buro Happold Ltd CREA Consultants Gifford Consulting Engineers Ltd Halcrow Group Ltd Risk Management Solutions Sir Robert McAlpine Sellafield Ltd. EEFIT gratefully acknowledges Prof Robin Spence (University of Cambridge), Mr Antonios Pomonis (Risk Management Solutions) and Mr Alan Stewart (Jacobs Engineering) for reviewing the report. Contents 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 The Kashmir Earthquake ........................................................................................................................ 4 1.2 The EEFIT Mission’s Team Members .................................................................................................... 5 1.3 Damage in Neighbouring Countries ........................................................................................................ 6 1.4 The Social and Economic Significance of the Kashmir Earthquake
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of the 2005 Muzaffarabad (Kashmir) Earthquake on Built Environment
    Effects of the 2005 Muzaffarabad (Kashmir) earthquake on built environment Studying the effects of earthquakes has widespread destruction in POK, Paki- VIII at Uri, VII at Baramulla and Kupwara long been recognized as a necessary step stan’s North-West Frontier Province and V at Srinagar on MSK scale3. How- to understand the natural hazard and its (NWFP), and western and southern parts ever, the collapse of stone walls of random risk to the society in the long term. A of the Kashmir on the Indian side of rubble types was a surprise even with rapid assessment of general damage survey LoC. This earthquake is associated with much lesser shaking. It has been well es- and documentation of initial important the known subduction zone of active tablished that the local soil site and to- observations, not only help management thrust fault along the Himalayan moun- pographical conditions play a significant of emergency response and rehabilitation tain ranges in the area where the Eurasian role in modifying the nature of ground activities, but also help to assess the need and Indian tectonic plates are colliding motion which leads to varying degree of of follow-up areas of research1,2. The and moving northward at a rate of 40 mm/yr response to similar structures. Structures Muzaffarabad earthquake of 8 October (Figure 1). located on ridges and along steep slopes 2005 which caused major devastation on The worst affected major towns on the were subjected to a greater degree of both sides of the Line of Control (LoC) Indian side of LoC are Tangadhar in Kup- damage in comparison to those located in in Kashmir, presented another opportunity wara district and Uri in Baramulla dis- valleys, during this earthquake as well.
    [Show full text]
  • Interseismic Strain Accumulation Along the Western Boundary of the Indian Subcontinent Walter Szeliga,1,2 Roger Bilham,1 Din Mohammad Kakar,3 and Sarosh H
    JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 117, B08404, doi:10.1029/2011JB008822, 2012 Interseismic strain accumulation along the western boundary of the Indian subcontinent Walter Szeliga,1,2 Roger Bilham,1 Din Mohammad Kakar,3 and Sarosh H. Lodi4 Received 1 September 2011; revised 12 June 2012; accepted 20 June 2012; published 8 August 2012. [1] Despite an overall sinistral slip rate of ≈3 cm/yr, few major earthquakes have occurred in the past 200 years along the Chaman fault system, the western boundary of the India Plate with the Eurasia Plate. GPS and InSAR data reported here indicate sinistral shear velocities of 8–17 mm/yr across the westernmost branches of the fault system, suggesting that a significant fraction of the plate boundary slip is distributed in the fold and fault belt to the east. At its southernmost on-land segment (≈26N), near the triple junction between the Arabia, Eurasia, and India Plates, we find the velocity +16.9 across the Ornach Nal fault is 15.1+13.4 mm/yr, with a locking depth probably less than 3 km. At latitude 30N near the town of Chaman, Pakistan, where a M6.5 earthquake +10.3 occurred in 1892, the velocity is 8.5+6.8 mm/yr and the fault is locked at approximately 3.4 km depth. At latitude 33N and further north, InSAR data indicate a velocity across the Chaman fault of 16.8 Æ 2.7 mm/yr. The width of the plate boundary varies from several km in the south where we observe ≈2 mm/yr of convergence near the westernmost strike-slip faults, to a few hundreds of km in the north where we observe 6–9 mm/yr of convergence, and where the faulting becomes distinctly transpressional.
    [Show full text]
  • Pakistan 2005 Earthquake Preliminary Damage and Needs Assessment
    Pakistan 2005 Earthquake Public Disclosure Authorized Preliminary Damage and Needs Assessment Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Prepared By Asian Development Bank and World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized Islamabad, Pakistan November 12, 2005 CURRENCY AND EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit = Pakistan Rupee US$1 = PKR 59.4 FISCAL YEAR July 1 - June 30 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ADB Asian Development Bank LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas ADP Annual Development Plans MOH Ministry of Health AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome MOWP Ministry of Water and Power AEZs Agro-Ecological Zones MPNR Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Resources AJK Azad Jammu Kashmir MSW Municipal Solid Waste AJKED Electricity Department of Azad J. Kashmir NCHD National Commission for Human Development ARI Acute Respiratory Infection NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations CAA Civil Aviation Authority NHA National Highway Authority CAS Country Assistance Strategy NWFP North West Frontier Province CFAA Country Financial Accountability Assessment OMC Oil Marketing Companies CISP Community Infrastructure and Services Project P&DD Planning and Development Department CMU Concrete Masonry Unit PESCO Peshawar Electricity Supply Company DAC Disaster Assessment and Coordination PHC Primary Health Care DECC District Emergency Coordination Committee PHED Public Health Engineering Department DFID Department for International Development PIFRA Project to Improve Financial Reporting and DPL Development Policy Loan Auditing ECLAC Economic Commission for Latin America and
    [Show full text]
  • Earthquake Hazard Mitigation for South Asia
    ContentsContents Messages .......................................................................................................................... (v) SAARC Workshop on Earthquake Risk Management in South Asia: ............................... 1 Background Note SAARC Disaster Management Centre, New Delhi Progress Achieved in the Field of Disaster Management in Pakistan ........................... 31 National Disaster Management Authority, Pakistan National Guidelines for Management of Earthquakes ..................................................... 41 National Disaster Management Authority, India Preparing for the Big One in Kathmandu Valley ............................................................. 47 National Society of Earthquake Technology, Nepal Seismic Hazard and Risk Assessment in Afghanistan .................................................... 51 Thimpu Valley Earthquake Risk Management Project ................................................... 55 Standards and Quality Control Authority, Bhutan Seismic Hazard Assessment and Mitigation in Bangladesh .......................................... 61 International Centre for Urban Safety Engineering, Tokyo Assessment and Diagnosis of Existing Multi-storeyed Buildings ................................. 67 in SAARC Countries for Desired Seismic Performance D.K.Paul, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India South Asia Regional initiative for Earthquake Risk Reduction ..................................... 77 and Recovery Preparedness Sohel Khan, ERRP, Kathmandu Earthquake Hazard
    [Show full text]
  • Journal CDR.Cdr
    HUMANITARIAN RESILIENCE JOURNAL Governance in Preparedness ISSUE #1 Asian Disaster Preparedness Centre (ADPC) with support from Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) is implementing the program ‘Strengthening Capacity of Government, Local Humanitarian Organizations and the Private Sector on Preparedness for Response in Asia’ in 6 South and South-East Asian countries namely- Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Philippines and Myanmar. The program utilizes a unique networked approach by creating the Asian Preparedness Partnership (APP) - a multi-stakeholder regional partnership through the program. APP strives to improve inter-organizational coordination and dialogue between Governments, Local Humanitarian Organization networks and Private Sector networks for enhancing capacities through partnerships, knowledge resources, training and networking opportunities. The program’s goal is to strengthen the emergency response capacities in these countries to better prepare for, respond to, and recover from disasters. With the creation of national partnerships in the program countries and commencement of planned activities, it would be imperative to highlight the value addition of this collaborative approach in the overall humanitarian architecture of each project country. As part of this strategy, communications and outreach can play a critical role in the dissemination of work undertaken to improve and strengthen coordination mechanisms and emergency response capacities of our key stakeholders. Humanitarian Resilience Journal Governance in
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    DRAFT INDIA EARTHQUAKE 8TH OCTOBER 2005 Public Disclosure Authorized JAMMU AND KASHMIR PRELIMINARY DAMAGE AND NEEDS ASSESSMENT • PREPARED BY ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK, UNITED NATIONS, WORLD !3ANK Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized NEW DELHI, INDIA JANUARY 16th, 2006 Public Disclosure Authorized DRAFT INDIA: JAMMU AND KASHMIR EARTHQUAKE 8TH OCTOBER 2005 PRELIMINARY DAMAGE AND NEEDS ASSESSMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface ................................................................................................................................................... 3 Guiding Principles of the Needs Assessment .......................................................................... 4 THE EXECUTIVE SUMMARy ................................................................................................................ 5 8TH OCTOBER EARTHQUAKE: IMPACT AND AFTERMATH ........................................................ 9 PRELIMINARY DAMAGE AND NEEDS ASSESSMENT. ............................................................... 12 RECONSTRUCTION: ISSUES AND GUIDING PRINCIPLES .................................................... 22 THE SECTOR REPORTS ...................................................................................................................... 29 SOCIAL IMPACT ..................... ....................... .. ................................................................................ 29 THE ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]