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An Inventory of the Significant Natural Areas of Cabarrus County, North Carolina

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An Inventory of the Significant Natural Areas of Cabarrus County, North Carolina AN INVENTORY OF THE SIGNIFICANT NATURAL AREAS OF CABARRUS COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA 2002 In association with: Natural Heritage Advisory Committee for Cabarrus County Cabarrus Soil and Water Conservation District The Land Trust for Central North Carolina North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, Division of Parks and Recreation, Department of Environment and Natural Resources Funding provided by the Cabarrus County Board of Commissioners North Carolina Natural Heritage Trust Fund ABSTRACT This inventory of the natural areas, biological communities, and rare species of Cabarrus County was funded by the North Carolina Natural Heritage Trust Fund and the Cabarrus County Board of Commissioners. This inventory identifies the most significant natural areas in the county, identifies their features, and documents all rare species of plants and animals associated with them. This inventory is intended to provide guidance for land use decisions by the county government, conservation and land management organizations, and interested citizens. The inventory was conducted in association with the Natural Heritage Advisory Committee for Cabarrus County, Cabarrus Soil and Water Conservation District, The Land Trust for Central North Carolina, and the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, between 1997 and 1999. The inventory identifies 14 sites of natural significance at the national, state, or regional level, as determined by the criteria established by the NC NHP. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following citizens of Cabarrus and Mecklenburg Counties provided assistance in the survey, either formally on the Advisory Committee or as interested individuals: Dr. John Benbow, Ken Couch, Howard Eury, John A. Foil, Jr., David Goforth, Judge Clarence E. Horton Jr., Ned Hudson, Donna Ketron, Matthew Kinane, Steve Little, Janet Magaldi, Jonathan Marshall, Jeff Michael, Don Pennell, John Suther, Louis Suther, Jan Truitt, Steve VanEerden, Jason Walser, Robert Ward, Alisa Wickliff, Greg Wickliff and David Woods. University of North Carolina at Charlotte students in technical writing classes of Greg Wickliff and Dr. Meg Morgan assisted in rewriting and editing of the final report, as well as developing the website. Field work for this project was conducted by the Habitat and Restoration Program under the guidance of Dr. James Matthews. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................1 THE BIODIVERSITY OF CABARRUS COUNTY...............................................1 A HISTORICAL LOOK AT CABARRUS COUNTY ...........................................3 GENERAL FEATURES OF CABARRUS COUNTY .......................................................4 TOPOGRAPHY AND PHYSIOGRAPHY OF CABARRUS COUNTY...............4 WATER RESOURCES ...........................................................................................4 GEOLOGY AND SOILS ........................................................................................4 CLIMATE................................................................................................................9 LAND USE............................................................................................................10 INVENTORY METHODS................................................................................................10 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ........................................................................................13 NATURAL COMMUNITIES ...............................................................................13 RARE COMMUNITIES AND SPECIES…………………………………….….25 RECOMMENDATIONS...................................................................................................31 REFERENCES AND LITERATURE CITED ..................................................................32 SITE DESCRIPTIONS…………………………………………………………………..33 LOWER BUTCHER BRANCH DEPRESSION SWAMPS .................................34 REED GOLD MINE..............................................................................................38 BACK CREEK GABBRO HILL...........................................................................42 MIAMI CHURCH HILL SCHWEINITZ SUNFLOWER SITE...........................45 BELLEFONT CHURCH OAK-HICKORY FOREST..........................................48 GEORGEVILLE SCHWEINITZ SUNFLOWER SITE........................................52 MIAMI CHURCH ROAD SCHWEINITZ SUNFLOWER SITE.........................55 CLARKE CREEK HERON ROOKERY ..............................................................58 CODDLE CREEK RESERVOIR ..........................................................................62 SUTHER'S WET PRAIRIE...................................................................................69 ROCKY RIVER CORRIDOR...............................................................................77 CONCORD RING DIKE/JACKSON SCHOOL NATURAL AREA...................81 CHARITY CHURCH HARDWOOD FOREST....................................................84 DUTCH BUFFALO CREEK DAM ......................................................................88 BUTCHER BRANCH FOREST ...........................................................................92 NEW TESTAMENT BAPTIST CHURCH KNOLL & SEEP..............................95 HARTSELL ROAD MESIC FOREST..................................................................98 STEPHENS CHURCH FOREST ........................................................................101 BLACKWELDER HILL PLANT SITE..............................................................104 REEDY CREEK KNOLL AND BEAVER POND .............................................107 2 JESSE SLAGLE KNOLL....................................................................................111 OLD BELL MISSION CHURCH .......................................................................114 LENTZ HARNESS SHOP RD. UPLAND DEPRESSION.................................117 EVERETT VONCANNON PROPERTY............................................................120 FRANK LISKE PARK........................................................................................123 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Species of concern historically reported or known to occur in Cabarrus County as of the Natural Heritage Program for August, 1999…………………………...27 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Significant Natural Heritage Areas of Cabarrus County, North Carolina…….12 3 INTRODUCTION HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATURAL HERITAGE SURVEY The Natural Heritage Survey for Cabarrus County has coincided with several such surveys in this area of the Piedmont. Mecklenburg County conducted fieldwork for its survey from 1992-95. Gaston County performed its fieldwork from 1996 to 1998. Leadership for the Cabarrus County survey was provided by Dennis Testerman of the Cabarrus Soil and Water Conservation District with assistance of the late John A. (Johnny) Foil, Jr. then serving on the District Board of Supervisors. A Natural Heritage Advisory Committee was appointed to assist with the survey. A display was created at the Cabarrus County Fair with the help of Stonewall Jackson Training School, along with a landowner’s survey form to attract public interest to the survey and to identify new potential sites. Habitat Assessment and Restoration Program, Inc. (HARP) was contracted to perform the fieldwork and to assist in writing part of the final report. Fieldwork began in February 1997 and continued through the summer of 1999. Primary fieldwork was accomplished by Don Seriff, John T. Soule, and Lisa Gaffney. Dennis Testerman and Johnny Foil assisted with landowner contact. Letter and permission forms were drafted by the Soil and Water Conservation District for sending to owners of potential natural heritage sites. Dennis Testerman and Dr. Jim Matthews provided direction for the fieldwork involving plant communities. Dr. Richard D. Brown, a former professor at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and a resident of Cabarrus County for over 20 years, was contracted to provide data on the wildlife of the county. His personal records served as the basis for the documented wildlife section of the report. The North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission was contracted to provide an inventory of aquatic habitats and locations of rare and endangered species, focusing on freshwater mussels, aquatic snails and crayfish. This report was completed by Judith Johnson, non-game biologist, Piedmont Section. THE BIODIVERSITY OF CABARRUS COUNTY Prior to this survey, there had not been a systematic effort to inventory the flora of Cabarrus County. The basis for the flora was the distribution maps developed during the 1950s for the Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas by Radford et al (1968) at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Dr. Tom Daggy, late Professor of Biology at Davidson College, did collect in northwestern Cabarrus County during his career. His collection is now part of the herbarium at UNC Charlotte. With the proximity of UNC Charlotte to Cabarrus County, significant numbers of, albeit casual, plant collections were made from 1970 onward. Several UNC Charlotte students from Cabarrus County supplied voucher specimens for the university herbarium. These students included Wayne Williams from Concord and Mark Basinger from Rimer. Donna Ketron completed an M.A. degree at UNC Charlotte in 1988, doing a comparative flora of a 50-acre tract near Pine Grove Church Road. Ketron’s observations on Cabarrus County flora mirror the findings of the current 1 survey. Ketron observed
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