DOCSLIB.ORG

The Mars Quarterly 1 in This Issue Summer 2009 - Volume 1, Issue 3 the Summer of Mars of Time and Money Publisher by Chris Carberry

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Mars Quarterly 1 in This Issue Summer 2009 - Volume 1, Issue 3 the Summer of Mars of Time and Money Publisher by Chris Carberry The Mars Quarterly www.MarsSociety.org 1 In This Issue Summer 2009 - Volume 1, Issue 3 The Summer of Mars Of Time and Money Publisher By Chris Carberry .........................3 By Patricia Czarnik ......................16 The Mars Society An Interview with Alan Bean York University Runs Away Headquarters 11111 W. 8th Ave., Unit A Astronaut and artist With the Title at URC Lakewood, CO 80215 USA By Chris Carberry .........................4 By Kevin F. Sloan ........................17 www.MarsSociety.org Readers' Forum Passion: Don't Leave Home The Mars Society Call for a Global Without It! President..........................Robert Zubrin Space Revolution An Interview with Andrew Chaikin Treasurer..............................Gary Fisher by Shaun Moss.............................8 By Chris Carberry .......................18 Secretary...........................Sara Spector Executive Director..........Chris Carberry Mars: A Personal Journey Settling the Solar System Accounts Receivable Director by Hugh Downs ..........................12 By Gen. Simon "Pete" Worden ...22 .............................................Patt Czarnik Webmaster...............................Alex Kirk Simplifying the Difficult The 2013 MAVEN Mission Director, Public Relations ...Kevin Sloan by U.S. Rep. Pete Olson ............13 to Mars Director of Membership .....Patt Czarnik by Dr. Bruce Jakosky ..................26 Director, International Relations POSTER: "Chasma Borealis" ..............................Artemis Westenberg by Greg Martin............................14 The Mars Quarterly On the Cover: Michael Carroll’s exciting artwork, The 2009 Mars Society Editor-in-Chief......Susan Holden Martin Convention Poster, is available for purchase at www.MarsSociety.org [email protected] Art Director ...................Keith Keplinger, Keplinger Designs, Inc. Contributing Editors ......Chris Carberry, Artemis Westenberg, Josh Grimm, From the Flight Deck Blake Ortner, Byron Wiedeman, Gus Scheerbaum, Jean Lagarde, Joseph Webster, Kevin Sloan, We break new ground with this issue We hope you enjoy the outstanding Patt Czarnik, Alex Kirk by offering both a print and digital visual content of this issue which A Note to Readers edition, and will expand our reach by includes the cover by Michael Carroll, The views expressed in articles are providing a complimentary print copy centerfold by Greg Martin, and the art the authors’ and not necessarily those to each member of the U.S. Congress of Alan Bean, Ron Miller, and of course, of The Mars Quarterly, or The Mars during our Great 2009 Mars Blitz on the humor of Theresa McCracken. We Society. Authors may have business July 30. History may well record this are indebted to these artists for relationships with the companies or agencies they discuss. decade as pivotal in our reach for the allowing us to publish their stars. If you have not already signed extraordinary work. Reproduction up to participate in our march on The Mars Society offers this The Mars Quarterly is published Capitol Hill, please do so today. publication as part of its goal to provide quarterly by The Mars Society, In this issue we continue to offer our thoughtful leadership to the Mars Lakewood, Colorado, USA. Volume 1, Issue 3; copyright 2009 The Mars readers a blend of national and community. We encourage our readers Society. Nothing herein contained international opinion pieces, as well as and contributors to continue the may be reproduced or transmitted in articles that provide the most up-to- dialogues and debates framed by our any form or by any means, electronic date information available on the status pages. or mechanical, including photocopy, of humans to Mars. Our writers span a On to Mars! recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without written variety of professional affiliations, each permission of The Mars Society. with their own unique understanding of Susan Holden Martin, Editor the urgent and compelling issues [email protected] Advertisers send email to tmq- affecting the space industry. [email protected]. Address letters, general inquiries, or send member dues or charitable donations IN MEMORIAM to The Mars Society, PO Box 1312, Big Piney, WY 83113, USA. Please include Mike Flynn 1949 - 2009 your full name, address, and daytime Air Tanker Pilot/Wildland Firefighter phone number. The Mars Society is a Husband of Marilynn Flynn, 501(c)(3) organization. Tharsis Artworks The Mars Quarterly 2 Volume 1, Issue 3 The Summer of Mars By Chris Carberry The summer of 2009 has arrived and in low earth orbit as we have been for Challenge just completed its third we have reached the pivotal moment over 35 years. As has been our annual competition; and The Mars we have been waiting for. President tradition since our founding, The Mars Society of Germany is making great Obama is now in office and his Society plans to make every effort strides forward with their Mars balloon administration will be making key during the remainder of 2009 and project, Archimedes. In addition, we decisions concerning the future of the beyond to rally support for human are running our annual convention and space program as early as this year. missions to Mars through meetings introducing the print version of The The selection of with Congress, the Mars Quarterly. All in all, not a bad Charlie Boland as ...The Mars Society Administration and year. If you ever wondered whether NASA Administrator other decision- your donations and membership fees and Lori Garver as plans to make every making and advisory were pout to good use, look at this list. Deputy effort during the bodies. I highly doubt you will find any other Administrator is In addition to our space advocacy group who has been certainly a good remainder of 2009 political efforts, The so productive in the same time period. sign. In addition, the and beyond to rally Mars Society hopes I hope all of you will join us at our appointment of to influence space conference at the University of Norm Augustine to support for human policy by our Maryland and take part in our massive review NASA’s missions to Mars... example. We are in Mars Blitz. Although the current human space flight the midst of the economic climate may seem as though program is reassuring as well. busiest year in our history. We are it might make our goals less likely, hard However, these decisions do not conducting a mission to our Flashline times can often create opportunity. guarantee that the administration will Mars Arctic Research Station (FMARS); Help us create this opportunity and join decide to choose an ambitious human we are running reinvigorated MDRS us on Capitol Hill or call and write your space program. On the contrary, if the seasons; we will be conducting a high members of Congress and President space advocacy community does not altitude balloon drop later this year to Obama. One person can make a step up and demand something bold, test components of our tether gravity difference - imagine what thousands of we could very well remain imprisoned satellite, TEMPO³; the University Rover people can do! The Mars Quarterly www.MarsSociety.org 3 An Interview with Alan Bean ASTRONAUT AND ARTIST By Chris Carberry Carberry: First, a general question. the Pilgrims came over. It just takes in stories about the moon, but they’re This year is the 40th anniversary of time to do these things. I’ve been not at all interested about spending both Apollo 11 and 12. What are your able to be more accepting of the fact any money. We’re interested, the general thoughts on this anniversary that we’re not moving as fast as we people reading your magazine are year? could, because I think this is what interested; the guys that I got together Bean: I just got back this last week countries and cultures and peoples with this past weekend and at past from Oklahoma City for the 40th do. events are; but we’re just a small anniversary of Apollo 10, and then minority of the country. I don’t see us Apollo 8 and 9 in San Diego, and then Carberry: I agree that it is very easy going back to the moon for another Apollo 7 up in Dallas. So, with the to get into these kinds of ruts where 50-60 years, but what do I know. Do 40th anniversary of each of these, society is unwilling to push the you see Obama coughing up any we’ve gotten together and celebrated boundaries, but sometimes changes in money to send us back to the moon? and remembered all the fun times we governments or moods can break us Do you really? had. free from these ruts. Do you think the change of administration could Carberry: Perhaps as a result of the Carberry: Did you think we’d be change things - start accelerating the stimulus plans or do you think foreign further along after 40 years? program? competition could motivate Obama? Bean: What we were doing then - I Bean: Well, what I think it should do Do you think we should stay in the didn’t realize it then, but I do now - we and what I think it will do are two lead? were going as entirely different Bean: Yeah, we are in the lead. fast as and far as matters. I would Nobody is even close to us. That’s we could like to see people one of the problems that we’ve got - technically. We ...We were going as start moving nobody is even in the game compared were doing the fast as and far as we ahead as fast as with the United States. It’s just a lot of best that we we could - to talk - China, maybe they’re going to could. We were could technically. explore - explore drop something, but they haven’t building the We were doing the Mars. If you ask done squat. India hasn’t done lunar module. me, I’d say skip anything - Russia doesn’t do anything We were getting best that we could.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Why NASA Consistently Fails at Congress
    W&M ScholarWorks Undergraduate Honors Theses Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 6-2013 The Wrong Right Stuff: Why NASA Consistently Fails at Congress Andrew Follett College of William and Mary Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses Part of the Political Science Commons Recommended Citation Follett, Andrew, "The Wrong Right Stuff: Why NASA Consistently Fails at Congress" (2013). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 584. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/584 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Wrong Right Stuff: Why NASA Consistently Fails at Congress A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelors of Arts in Government from The College of William and Mary by Andrew Follett Accepted for . John Gilmour, Director . Sophia Hart . Rowan Lockwood Williamsburg, VA May 3, 2013 1 Table of Contents: Acknowledgements 3 Part 1: Introduction and Background 4 Pre Soviet Collapse: Early American Failures in Space 13 Pre Soviet Collapse: The Successful Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo Programs 17 Pre Soviet Collapse: The Quasi-Successful Shuttle Program 22 Part 2: The Thin Years, Repeated Failure in NASA in the Post-Soviet Era 27 The Failure of the Space Exploration Initiative 28 The Failed Vision for Space Exploration 30 The Success of Unmanned Space Flight 32 Part 3: Why NASA Fails 37 Part 4: Putting this to the Test 87 Part 5: Changing the Method.
    [Show full text]
  • Searching from Mars
    Big Data Bites Editor: Jimmy Lin, [email protected] Searching from Mars Jimmy Lin, Charles L.A. Clarke, and Gaurav Baruah • University of Waterloo ow would you search from Mars? No, somewhat familiar to a user from today. Of course, seriously. technology will have advanced dramatically, but the H The Mars to Stay concept describes a point is that we’ll likely still be searching with some- series of related proposals for establishing a perma- thing that looks like a Web search engine, engaging nent colony on Mars (see marstostay.com and www. with friends on something that looks like a social mars-one.com).1 Instead of landing astronauts there network, and purchasing items through something with the intention of bringing them home after a that looks like an e-commerce site. Just for rhetori- short visit, the plan is to send astronauts to become cal convenience, we’ll refer to brands that everyone the first Martian colonists. Such missions would be is familiar with today, so when we say “Facebook,” far less expensive, since we wouldn’t need to bring we really mean “Facebook, or whatever social net- along fuel for the return voyage (and manufactur- working service we’ll all be using in 10 years.” ing fuel on Mars is risky). Far from being a cuckoo idea, this approach to exploration has the sup- Why Search from Mars? port of many — including Elon Musk, the founder The first question is, why? More precisely, from an of SpaceX (and co-founder of PayPal and Tesla information retrieval perspective, what’s the task Motors)2 and Buzz Aldrin, the second human to set model? Mars missions, at least in the short term, foot on the moon.3 will require substantial ground support on Earth, so Scientists and engineers have worked out many our fearless Martian colonists will have access to the of the details, and the quite surprising conclusion is best minds from Earth to help with their problems.
    [Show full text]
  • The Race to Mars
    THE RACE TO MARS Why humans should travel to Mars and whether visiting or settling would be of more benefit to science Isobel Evans Due date: 20 April 2017 Topic: The Race to Mars - discuss the difference between “visiting” and ‘settling”. Which one do you think would be of most benefit to science Abstract: The idea of sending humans to Mars has been around for decades and very soon this idea could become a reality. Interplanetary travel raises many challenges and questions such as whether humans should visit Mars or settle there. However, first the question of why humans should visit Mars must be addressed. At a time when many issues are plaguing the Earth, why should we travel beyond our only home. There are many reasons to support Mars travel such as technological advancements, the search for extraterrestrial life, as well as preserving the human race and its knowledge by becoming multi planetary. Visiting and settling on Mars share many similarities, but there are a few differences. Visiting requires a return mission and this is a great challenge, but it would also be of great benefit to science. By visiting Mars, more research can be done in order to determine if humans can indeed survive there and the physical and psychological effects on humans can be assessed. These reasons, along with others show that, initially, visiting Mars will have more benefit to science and if humans manage to inhabit a hostile environment, while preserving the habitability of Earth, it will be a significant achievement. Introduction Mars. The Red Planet.
    [Show full text]
  • NASA Technical Memorandum 0000
    NASA/TM–2016-219182 Frontier In-Situ Resource Utilization for Enabling Sustained Human Presence on Mars Robert W. Moses and Dennis M. Bushnell Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia April 2016 NASA STI Program . in Profile Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated to the CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. advancement of aeronautics and space science. The Collected papers from scientific and technical NASA scientific and technical information (STI) conferences, symposia, seminars, or other program plays a key part in helping NASA maintain meetings sponsored or this important role. co-sponsored by NASA. The NASA STI program operates under the auspices SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific, of the Agency Chief Information Officer. It collects, technical, or historical information from NASA organizes, provides for archiving, and disseminates programs, projects, and missions, often NASA’s STI. The NASA STI program provides access concerned with subjects having substantial to the NTRS Registered and its public interface, the public interest. NASA Technical Reports Server, thus providing one of the largest collections of aeronautical and space TECHNICAL TRANSLATION. science STI in the world. Results are published in both English-language translations of foreign non-NASA channels and by NASA in the NASA STI scientific and technical material pertinent to Report Series, which includes the following report NASA’s mission. types: Specialized services also include organizing TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of and publishing research results, distributing completed research or a major significant phase of specialized research announcements and feeds, research that present the results of NASA providing information desk and personal search Programs and include extensive data or theoretical support, and enabling data exchange services.
    [Show full text]
  • Project Title
    CAREER: Multimedia Analysis and Retrieval System (MARS) Sharad Mehrotra Department of Information and Computer Science, University of California at Irvine Contact Information Sharad Mehrotra, 424 Computer Science, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-3425 Phone: (949) 824 5975 Fax: (949) 824 4012 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.ics.uci.edu/~sharad Project URL: http://www-mars.ics.uci.edu/ Project Award Information • Award Number: IIS: 9734300 • Duration: 4 years, (June 1st 1998 – May 30th 2002) • Current Year: 3rd year • Title of the project : CAREER: Multimedia Analysis and Retrieval System Keywords Multimedia analysis, Multimedia information retrieval, relevance feedback, query refinement, multidimensional indexing, uncertainty in databases, dimensionality curse, query processing. Project Summary The goals of the MARS project are to design and develop an integrated multimedia information retrieval and database management infrastructure, entitled Multimedia Analysis and Retrieval System (MARS), that supports multimedia information as first-class objects suited for storage and retrieval based on their content. Specifically, research in the MARS project is categorized into the following four sub-areas each of which contribute to the development of the integrated infrastructure. (1) Multimedia Content Representation: extraction of multimedia content and content-based representation of multimedia objects in databases. (2) Multimedia Information Retrieval: content-based multimedia retrieval techniques including multimedia retrieval models and interactive query refinement techniques. (3) Multimedia Feature Indexing: that overcomes the high-dimensionality and non-Euclidean nature of feature data to efficiently support retrieval based on feature similarity. (4) Multimedia Database Management: techniques to effectively and efficiently incorporate content-based retrieval of multimedia information into structured database processing.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mars Project: Avoiding Decompression Sickness on a Distant Planet
    NASA/TM--2000-210188 The Mars Project: Avoiding Decompression Sickness on a Distant Planet Johnny Conkin, Ph.D. National Space Biomedical Research Institute Houston, Texas 77030-3498 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Houston, Texas 77058-3696 May 2000 Acknowledgments The following people provided helpful comments and suggestions: Amrapali M. Shah, Hugh D. Van Liew, James M. Waligora, Joseph P. Dervay, R. Srini Srinivasan, Michael R. Powell, Micheal L. Gernhardt, Karin C. Loftin, and Michael N. Rouen. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration supported part of this work through the NASA Cooperative Agreement NCC 9-58 with the National Space Biomedical Research Institute. The views expressed by the author do not represent official views of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Available from: NASA Center for AeroSpace Information National Technical Information Service 7121StandardDrive 5285 Port Royal Road Hanover, MD 21076-1320 Springfield, VA 22161 301-621-0390 703-605-6000 This report is also available in electronic form at http://techreports.larc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/NTRS Contents Page Acronyms and Nomenclature ................................................................................................ vi Abstract ................................................................................................................................. vii Introduction ..........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • On the Legality of Mars Colonisation
    Joshua Fitzmaurice* and Stacey Henderson** ON THE LEGALITY OF MARS COLONISATION ‘Humanity will not remain on the earth forever, but in pursuit of light and space it will at first timidly penetrate beyond the limits of the atmosphere, and then conquer all the space around the sun.’1 ABSTRACT Recent technological advancements made by governmental agencies and private industry have raised hopes for the future of human space flight beyond the Moon. These advancements are increasing the feasibil- ity of endeavours to establish a permanent human habitat on Mars, as a safeguard for our species, for scientific endeavours, and for commercial purposes. This article analyses some of the legal issues associated with Mars colonisation, focusing on the lawfulness of such a venture and the legal status of colonists. I INTRODUCTION ecent technological advancements made by governmental agencies and private industry have raised hopes for the future of human space flight beyond Rthe Moon. The United States’ National Aeronautics and Space Administration (‘NASA’) is developing a new generation of launch and crew systems that will enable * Surveillance of Space Capability Officer, Royal Australian Air Force; MSc (Physics, Space Operations) RMC Canada. Email: [email protected]. The views expressed in this article are personal views and should not be interpreted as an official position. ** Lecturer, Adelaide Law School, The University of Adelaide; PhD (Adel). Email: [email protected]. 1 Letter from Konstantin Tsiolkovsky to Boris Vorobiev, 12 August 1911. See, eg, Rex Hall and David Shayler, The Rocket Men: Vostok & Voskhod: The First Soviet Manned Space-flights (Springer, 2001).
    [Show full text]
  • Moon-Miners-Manifesto-Mars.Pdf
    http://www.moonsociety.org/mars/ Let’s make the right choice - Mars and the Moon! Advantages of a low profile for shielding Mars looks like Arizona but feels like Antarctica Rover Opportunity at edge of Endeavor Crater Designing railroads and trains for Mars Designing planes that can fly in Mars’ thin air Breeding plants to be “Mars-hardy” Outposts between dunes, pulling sand over them These are just a few of the Mars-related topics covered in the past 25+ years. Read on for much more! Why Mars? The lunar and Martian frontiers will thrive much better as trading partners than either could on it own. Mars has little to trade to Earth, but a lot it can trade with the Moon. Both can/will thrive together! CHRONOLOGICAL INDEX MMM THEMES: MARS MMM #6 - "M" is for Missing Volatiles: Methane and 'Mmonia; Mars, PHOBOS, Deimos; Mars as I see it; MMM #16 Frontiers Have Rough Edges MMM #18 Importance of the M.U.S.-c.l.e.Plan for the Opening of Mars; Pavonis Mons MMM #19 Seizing the Reins of the Mars Bandwagon; Mars: Option to Stay; Mars Calendar MMM #30 NIMF: Nuclear rocket using Indigenous Martian Fuel; Wanted: Split personality types for Mars Expedition; Mars Calendar Postscript; Are there Meteor Showers on Mars? MMM #41 Imagineering Mars Rovers; Rethink Mars Sample Return; Lunar Development & Mars; Temptations to Eco-carelessness; The Romantic Touch of Old Barsoom MMM #42 Igloos: Atmosphere-derived shielding for lo-rem Martian Shelters MMM #54 Mars of Lore vs. Mars of Yore; vendors wanted for wheeled and walking Mars Rovers; Transforming Mars; Xities
    [Show full text]
  • CONCEPTS and APPROACHES for MARS EXPLORATION Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX July 18–20, 2000 Using the Handtool Of
    CONCEPTS AND APPROACHES FOR MARS EXPLORATION Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX July 18–20, 2000 Using the handtool of the Reader, click on the title to view a particular abstract that you’re interested in. (Abstracts are listed alphabetically by first author. Abstract numbers are listed in brackets and bold at the end of each title.) Phoning Home from Mars in 2025 [6212] J. Adams Proposed Science Requirements and Acquisition Priorities for the First Mars Sample Return [6237] C. B. Agee, D. D. Bogard, D. S. Draper, J. H. Jones, C. Meyer Jr., and D. W. Mittlefehldt Clean and Cold Sample Curation [6197] C. C. Allen, C. B. Agee, R. Beer, and B. L. Cooper IPSE: Italian Package for Scientific Experiments [6084] F. Angrilli, E. Flamini, and S. Espinasse Vision 2020: A Proposed Program of Mars Exploration [6019] R. E. Arvidson FIDO Field Trials in Preparation for Mars Rover Exploration and Discovery and Sample Return Missions [6018] R. E. Arvidson, E. T. Baumgartner, P. Schenker, and S. W. Squyres MOD: An Instrument for the 2005 Mars Explorer Program HEDS Payload [6050] J. L. Bada, D. L. Blaney, F. J. Grunthaner, G. D. McDonald, C. R. Webster, M. Duke, R. A. Mathies, C. P. McKay, D. A. Paige, S. K. Ride, and M. Wadhwa A Network Mission: Completing the Scientific Foundation for the Exploration of Mars [6087] W. B. Banerdt “Following the Water” on Mars: Where Is It, How Much Is There, and How Can We Access It? [6013] N. G. Barlow Strategic Planning for Exploration of the Martian Subsurface [6233] D.
    [Show full text]
  • MMM Classic 12
    MMM Classics Year 12: MMM #s111-120 The First Fifteen Years December 1997 - November 1998 We never tire of trying As usual, we roamed else- to sketch the early days of the where through the solar system Lunar Frontier. We began with in this year. We need to abandon another article on skyscrapers the Apollo-like call for a “Mars- on the Moon; having to live andback” effort in favor of a under a blanket of shielding does Mars effort rooted in a “Marsto- not mean having to confine our- Stay” philosophy. Meanwhile, selves to molehills! we continue to pull our punches Then, mindful of how in “Mars Direct.” There is a way many of us love our outdoor to double or triple the crew size sports and other activities, we try for the same amount of consum- to show that even without an ables: “More to Mars.” atmosphere, the incurable out- We can’t do Mars at the doorsman will find plenty of end of an umbilical cord, as we opportunities to enjoy being out can the Moon. Instead we will on the surface under the stars. need to develop our installations Later in the year we take up the out of pre-landed “Yolk Sac” of idea of skiing on the Moon and supplies. Pantry Stocking will of cruising the mare seas and take a creative approach. sightseeing scenic cableways. “Oochies” - vehicles that It takes more than one run on oxygen (O2 or OO) and outpost to make “a world” out methane (CH4) are needed on of the Moon, and we attempt to Mars, and may have application sketch out how we will do that.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Exploration of Mars: Cost Reality
    Concepts and Approaches for Mars Exploration (2012) 4300.pdf Human Exploration of Mars: Cost Reality. W. Alan. Delamere1, Ralph L McNutt2, 1Delamere Space Sciences, Boulder, CO. 22The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD Introduction: NASA and Disney have been absorption to protect against worse case solar energetic actively selling to the public the notion that Mars particles (SEPs) [5]. The size and mass of such a vault human exploration is in the near future. [1] Extremely and the mean time duration significant event need to be optimistic cost numbers have been used to justify a traded against implications for system mass and loss- human mission. The actual cost of a “footprint” of-mission risk. This item alone is a significant mission is likely to be about $1T in real year $. If 50% mission-design driver, as it dictates how much of the current NASA budget were to be spent on it, it infrastructure mass must be carried in transit as well as will take 100 years to implement. Such a program is emplaced on the surface for such an eventuality. Of totally unrealistic. A realistic fiscal plan is needed to equal importance is protecting the electronics against carry humans to Mars. unrecoverable radiation damage to ensure safe return. Ultimately the coupled issues of mission design, Is $1T the right number?: In the 80’s, the number propulsion implementation, and radiation protection was $400B then in ~1990 Mars Direct came forward at drive the initial mass in low-Earth orbit (IMLEO) and, $50B. For a footprint mission, a simple extrapolation thus, launcher requirements and mission cost.
    [Show full text]
  • Mars Wars the Rise and Fall of the Space Exploration Initiative
    Mars Wars The Rise and Fall of the Space Exploration Initiative Thor Hogan The NASA History Series National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA History Division Office of External Relations Washington, DC May 2007 NASA SP-2007-4410 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hogan, Thor. Mars wars : the rise and fall of the Space Exploration Initiative / Thor Hogan. p. cm. -- (The NASA history series) (NASA SP-2007-4410) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Space Exploration Initiative (U.S.) 2. Space flight to Mars--Planning--History--20th century. 3. United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration--Management--History--20th century. 4. Astronautics and state--United States--History--20th century. 5. United States--Politics and government--1989-1993. 6. Outerspace--Exploration--United States--History--20th century. 7. Organizational change--United States--History--20th century. I. Title. TL789.8.U6S62 2007 629.45’530973--dc22 2007008987 Table of Contents Acknowledgements. iii Chapter 1: Introduction. 1 The Policy Stream and Punctuated Equilibrium Models. 2 Why Mars?. 5 Canals on Mars. 7 Mars in Popular Culture. 9 Mariner and Viking . 11 Chapter 2: The Origins of SEI . 15 Early Mission Planning . 16 Post-Apollo Planning. 21 Case for Mars. 25 National Commission on Space. 27 The Ride Report . 30 President Reagan and NASA’s Office of Exploration. 32 Chapter 3: Bush, Quayle, and SEI. 37 Bush-Quayle 1988. 39 Reagan-Bush Transition. 44 The Problem Stream: Providing Direction to a Directionless Agency. 47 The Policy Stream: The Ad Hoc Working Group. 57 The Political Stream: Briefing Key Actors. 64 Joining the Streams: Human Exploration of Mars Reaches the Gov.
    [Show full text]