Genere Fragaria L., 1753

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Genere Fragaria L., 1753 Classificazione scientifica Dominio: Eucariota Regno: Plantae Sottoregno: Tracheobionta Superdivisione: Spermatophyta Divisione: Magnoliophyta Takht. & Zimmerm. ex Reveal, 1996 Sottodivisione: Magnoliophytina Frohne & U. Jensen ex Reveal, 1996 Classe: Rosopsida Batsch, 1788 Sottoclasse: Rosidae Takht., 1967 Superordine: Rosanae Takht., 1967 Ordine: Rosales Perleb, 1826 Sottordine: Rosineae Rchb., 1841 Famiglia: Rosaceae Juss., 1789 Sottofamiglia: Fragarioideae A. Rich. ex Beilschm., 1833 Tribù: Fragarieae Dumort., 1829 Sottotribù: Fragariinae Torr. & A. Gray, 1840 Genere: Fragaria L. (1753) Al genere Fragaria , della famiglia delle Rosaceae , appartengono numerose specie conosciute con il nome di fragola. Comunemente con questo termine si intende la parte edule della pianta: anche se le fragole sono considerate dei frutti dal punto di vista nutrizionale, non lo sono dal punto di vista botanico: i frutti veri e propri sono i cosiddetti acheni ossia i semini gialli che si vedono sulla superficie della fragola. La fragola viene considerata come un falso frutto perché non è altro che il ricettacolo ingrossato di un'infiorescenza, lo stolone, ramificazione laterale per mezzo del quale può riprodurre o riprodursi. Ci sono oltre 20 specie di fragole diffuse al mondo. Primo criterio di classificazione è il numero di copie dei 7 cromosomi che la pianta possiede, il quale varia da 2 a 10. Generalmente, più copie dei cromosomi conferiscono una maggior robustezza alla pianta, che produce fragole più grandi. Le fragole oggi comunemente coltivate sono ibridi derivanti dall'incrocio tra varietà europee e varietà americane. Alcune specie di Fragaria sono di seguito indicate e di queste alcune sono coltivate: • Fragaria daltoniana • Fragaria iinumae • Fragaria nilgerrensis • Fragaria nipponica • Fragaria nubicola • Fragaria vesca • Fragaria viridis • Fragaria yezoensis • Fragaria moupinensis • Fragaria orientalis • Fragaria moschata • Fragaria ovalis • Fragaria chiloensis • Fragaria iturupensis • Fragaria virginiana • Fragaria grandiflora • Fragaria × ananassa • Fragaria × Potentilla hybrids • Fragaria × vescana .

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