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4 Little Girls (1997) 93 action-adventure movie 147, 149, 254, 339, 348, 352, 392–3, 396–7, 8 Mile (2002) 396–7 259, 276, 287–8, 298–9, 410 402–3 20th Century-Fox 21, 30, 34, 40–2, 73, actualities 106, 364, 410 Against All Odds (1984) 289 149, 184, 204–5, 281, 335 ACT-UP (AIDS Coalition to Unleash Agar, John 268 25th Hour, The (2002) 98 Power) 337, 410 Aghdashloo, Shohreh 75 27 Dresses (2008) 353 ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) Ahn, Philip 130 28 Days (2000) 293 398–9, 410 AIDS 99, 329, 334, 336–40 48 Hours (1982) 91 Adachi, Jeff 139 AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power see 100-to-1 Shot, The (1906) 174 Adams, Evan 118–19 ACT-UP 300 (2007) 74, 298, 300 ADC (American-Arab Anti- AIM (American Indian Movement) 111, Discrimination Committee) 73–4, 116–17, 410 268 410 Air Force (1943) 268 ABC 340 Addams Family, The (1991) 156 Akins, Zoe 388–9 Abie’s Irish Rose (stage) 57 Addams Family Values (1993) 156 Aladdin (1992) 73–4, 246 Abilities United Productions 384 Adiarte, Patrick 72 Alba, Jessica 76, 155, 159 ability 359–84, 410 adult 111, 410 Albert, Eddie 72 ableism 361, 381, 410 Adventures of Ozzie & Harriet, The (TV) Albert, Edward 375 Abominable Dr Phibes, The (1971) 284 Alexie, Sherman 117–18 365 Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Algie, the Miner (1912) 312 Abraham, F. Murray 75, 76 COPYRIGHTEDDesert, The (1994) 348 MATERIALAli (2001) 96 (Oscars) 29, 58, 63, Adventures of Sebastian Cole, The (1998) Alice (1990) 130 67, 72, 75, 83, 92, 93, 95–6, 112, 113, 345 Alice Doesn’t Live Here Anymore (1974) 115–16, 126, 132, 134, 135, 136, 138, Adventures of Shark Boy and Lava Girl 194, 282 139, 153, 156, 158–9, 182, 184, 190, 3-D, The (2005) 157 Alien films (1979, 1986, 1992, 1997) 245, 196, 200, 207, 225, 234, 269, 281, Advise and Consent (1962) 323 298 291–2, 294, 317, 330, 338, 339, 348, Aeon Flux (2005) 298 All Aboard! Rosie’s Family Cruise (2006) 349–51, 372, 376, 378–9, 380–1, 383, affirmative action programs 291, 410 346 393, 394–5, 407 African Americans 6, 11, 16–19, 40, All American Girl (TV) 135 Academy of Motion Picture Arts and 52–3, 56, 61, 66, 78–101, 133, 159, All in the Family (TV) 90, 196, 285, Sciences (AMPAS) 179, 410 172, 199–200, 275, 279, 284, 334, 340

432 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 433

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All that Heaven Allows (1955) 191, Angels in America (2003) 341 Avengers, The (TV) 285 234–6 Angels With Dirty Faces (1938) 58 Avery, Margaret 92 All the Invisible Children (2005) 199 Anger, Kenneth 325 Awakenings (1990) 291, 293 Allen, Chad 351 Anglo-Saxon see white/whiteness Ayres, Lew 372 Allen, Woody 69, 130 136, 411 Aztlan 143–4, 411 Along Came Polly (2004) 353 Anna and the King (1999) 132 Alonso, Maria Conchita 155 Anna Karenina (1935) 386 Babel (2006) 135, 157–8, 381 Altman, Robert 113, 194, 402 Annapolis (2006) 138 Baby Boom (1987) 287 Amadeus (1984) 75 Annie Oakley (TV) 340 Baby Doll (1956) 233 American Beauty (1999) 345, 348 antagonist 24–8, 246–7, 411 Baby Face (1933) 181 American Dream 6, 65, 167–9, 172–6, antebellum 78–9, 411 Bacall, Lauren 67, 247–8 181–4, 188, 191, 194, 199, 201–2, 208, anti-Semitism 37, 65–6, 67–8, 69–70, back light 245, 250–1, 411 398–9, 410 189, 411 Back to Bataan (1945) 62 American Dream (1990) 294 Anywhere But Here (1999) 138 Back to the Future (1985) 73 American Dreamz (2006) 74 Apache 108, 110 backlash (against feminism) 283, American Family (TV) 156 Apartment, The (1960) 191 286–90, 338, 411 American Idol (TV) 207 Apocalypse Now (1979) 133 Backus, Jim 275 American in Paris, An (1951) 58 Apocalypto (2006) 121 Baclanova, Olga 366 American Indian Movement see AIM Apted, Michael 117 Bad and the Beautiful, The (1952) 276 American International Pictures 133 Arab/Arab American 51, 70–5, 402–3 Bad Boys films (1995, 2002) 96 American Me (1992) 152, 156 Araki, Gregg 139 Bad Day at Black Rock (1954) 131 American melting pot 55, 66, 68, 411 Arbuckle, Fatty 312, 314 Bad Girls (1994) 298 American Pie films (1999, 2001, 2003) Armageddon (1998) 205 Badge 373 (1973) 154 300 Arnaz, Desi 149, 152, 284, 411 Baker, Kenny 380 American Playhouse 140, 156, 160 art-house theaters 22, 348, 411 Ball, Lucille 152, 284 American Zoetrope 195, 198, 411 Arthur (1981) 200 Ballad of Gregorio Cortez, The (1982) American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Arthur, Bea 285 156 Committee see ADC Arzner, Dorothy 225–6, 319, 411 Ballad of Little Jo, The (1993) 296–7 Americans with Disabilities Act see ADA As Good as It Gets (1997) 160 Balls of Fury (2007) 129 America’s Next Top Model (TV) 409 As Seen through the Telescope (1903) 243 Bamboozled (2000) 98–9 Amis, Suzy 297 asexuality 305, 411 Bancroft, Anne 373 Amos ’n’ Andy (radio and TV) 90 Ashby, Hal 193 Banderas, Antonio 155, 157 AMPAS see Academy of Motion Picture Asian Americans 123–42, 296–7, 352, Bara, Theda 261, 262, 411 Arts and Sciences 398–9, 400–1, 402–3 Baraka, Amiri 205 anarchist stereotype 61, 411 Assault on Gay America (2000) 345 Barbarella (1968) 326 And God Created Woman (1957) 232, assimilation 55–77, 145–8, 411 Barbershop films (2002, 2004) 97 321 Astaire, Fred 37, 83, 181, 191, 265 Bardot, Brigitte 321 And Your Name is Jonah (1979) 376 Asther, Nils 126 Barney Oldfield’s Race for Life (1913) 174 Anders, Allison 294 Astor, Mary 247 Barr, Roseanne 285–6 Anderson, Jane 405 audism 361, 411 Barraza, Adriana 157–8 Anderson, Judith 318 Austin Powers movies (1997, 1999, 2002) Barrett, Majel 285 Anderson, Paul Thomas 402 292 Barrymore, John 263 Anderson, Sherwood 322 theory 15–16, 390–1, 411 Barrymore, Lionel 130, 182 Andrews, Dana 269 Author, Author (1982) 283 Barthelmess, Richard 125 Andrews, Julie 336 Autry, Gene 108 Barty, Billy 367–8, 411 Andrews, Naveen 135 Autumn in New York (2000) 135 base (economic) 170–1, 411 Andy Griffith Show, The (TV) 196 avant-garde film 22–3, 192–3, 273–4, Basic Instinct (1992) 289–90, 339 Angela’s Ashes (1999) 60 324–5, 330, 344, 347, 411 Basinger, Kim 396–7

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Bataan (1943) 131 Big (1988) 291, 293 Blatty, William Peter 72 Batman (1991) 52 Big 5 34, 136, 412 films 88–9, 113, 133, 199, Batman (TV) 150, 326–7, 340 Big Boi 97 333, 375, 412 Battle at Elderbush Gulch (1913) 107–9 Big Chill, The (1981) 202 Bless Their Little Hearts (1984) 94 Battlestar Galactica (TV) 156 Big Country, The (1958) 275 Blind Husbands (1919) 314 BBS 195, 411 Big Eden (2000) 116–17 blindness 359–64, 368–76, 380–1, Beach, Adam 118–19 Big Fish (2003) 381 383–4, 392–3 Beals, Jennifer 76 Big Momma’s House films (2000, 2006) blonde bombshell 232–3, 280, 321, 412 Bearing Witness (2005) 294 97, 283 Blood Diamond (2006) 95 Beat movement 39–40, 191–2, 193, 412 Big Sleep, The (1946) 246 Blood Feast (1963) 72 Beatty, Warren 204–5 Big Trouble in Little China (1986) 125 Blood of Jesus (1941) 82 Beau Geste films (1926, 1939) 71 Biggers, Earl Derr 127 bloodthirsty savage stereotype 71, Beautyshop (2005) 97 Billy Jack (1971) 113–14 103–11, 115, 153, 194, 296, 412 Beavers, Louise 83, 229 Billy Jack Goes to Washington (1977) 113 Blue in the Face (1995) 138 Because of Winn Dixie (2005) 138 Billy’s Hollywood Screen Kiss (1998) 344 Body and Soul (1925) 81 Beery, Wallace 312 biological essentialism 306, 412 see also Body Heat (1981) 289 Before Night Falls (2000) 348 essentialism Body of Evidence (1993) 289 Before Stonewall (1985) 338 Birdcage, The (1996) 348 Bogart, Humphrey 244, 246–7, 264, 268, Beggar’s Deceit, The (1900) 364 Birth of a Nation, The (1915) 79–81, 272–3 Being John Malkovich (1999) 348 107, 175, 221, 243 Bogdanovich, Peter 194 Bells of St. Mary’s, The (1945) 58 Birth of a Race, The (1918) 81 Bogle, Donald 79 Ben-Hur (1925) 146 bisexuality 305, 332, 335, 339, 412 /Hollywood (2002) 140 Ben-Hur (1959) 69, 276, 326 Bison 101 107 Bone Collector, The (1999) 381 Benjamin, Andre 97 Bitter Tea of General Yen, The (1933) (2001) 97 Benning, Sadie 294 126 Bonnie and Clyde (1967) 193, 204 Benny, Jack 340 buddy film 90–2, 97, Borden, Lizzie 294 Bergen, Candice 285 108, 136, 412 Bordertown (1935) 147 Berger, John 239–40, 242, 246 Black Buck stereotype 79–80, 82, 89, Bordertown (2006) 156–7, 160 Bergman, Ingrid 244, 311 96–7, 145, 412 Borgnine, Ernest 63 Berkeley, Busby 239–42, 246, 248–52, Black Entertainment Television see BET Born in Flames (1983) 294 254, 390–1, 412 Black Is...Black Ain’t...(1993) 94 Born Losers (1967) 113 Berle, Milton 340 Black Like Me (1963) 85 Born On the Fourth of July (1989) 133, Bernal, Gael Garcia 158–9 black nationalism 88 376 Berry, Halle 95, 204, 298 Black Panthers 88 Bosco, Philip 379 Best Man, The (2000) 95 Black Rain (1989) 134 Boulevard Nights (1979) 154 Best of Everything, The (1959) 233 Black Sheep (1996) 293 Bow, Clara 222–3, 412 Best Years of Our Lives, The (1946) 269, Black Starz (network) 91 Boys Don’t Cry (2000) 347, 348–50, 381 371 Black Sunday (1977) 73 Boys in the Band, The (1970) 332–3 Best, Willie 83 black widow 232, 289–90, 412 see also Boys Town (1938) 58 BET (Black Entertainment Television) femme fatale Boyz N the Hood (1991) 94 91 Black Widow (1986) 289 Brady Bunch Movie, The (1995) 292 Better Luck Tomorrow (2002) 138, 398–9 Blackboard Jungle (1955) 153 Braga, Sonia 155 Better than Chocolate (1999) 344 blackface 56, 66, 68–9, 79–80, 85–6, Brando, Marlon 112, 133, 152, 269, 274, Beulah (TV) 90, 284 98–9, 123, 312, 412 371 Beverly Hillbillies, The (1993) 293 blacklist 38–9, 110, 152, 189–90, 412 Breakfast Club, The (1985) 202 Beverly Hillbillies, The (TV) 196 (1972) 88 Breathing Lessons (1996) 138 Bewitched (TV) 284, 340 Runner (1982) 156 Breen, Joseph 58 Beyond the Valley of the Dolls (1970) 326 (2007) 300 Brent, George 388–9 Biblical epics 39, 68–9, 314 Blanchett, Kate 157 Bride of Frankenstein (1935) 317, 369–70 434 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 435

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Bridge on the River Kwai (1957) 126, Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid CGI see computer generated imagery 131, 276 (1969) 153, 281–2 Chained for Life (1951) 366 Bridges, Chris “Ludacris” 402–3 Butterflies are Free (1972) 375 Chakiris, George 153 Bridges, Jeff 244 Byrd, Eugene 397 Champ, The (1978) 283 Bridget Jones’s Diary (2001) 299 Champion (1949) 188, 190, 276 Bright Victory (1951) 372 Cabaret (1972) 333 Chan is Missing (1982) 137 Bringing Up Baby (1938) 266 Cabin in the Sky (1943) 84 Chan, Jackie 136 Brokeback Mountain (2005) 137, 347, Cage, Nicholas 117 Chandler, Jeff 110 348, 406–7 Cagney & Lacey (TV) 285 Chandler, Raymond 188, 270 Broken Arrow (1950) 110 Cagney, James 58, 181, 264–5, 268, 412 Chaney, Lon 364–5 Broken Blossoms (1919) 125 Cain, James M. 188 Chaplin, Charlie 34, 176–7, 264, 312, Broken Hearts Club, The (2000) 344 Call Me Savage (1932) 315 369, 413 Broncho Billy and the Greaser (1914) Callahans and the Murphys, The (1927) Chappelle, David 53 145 57 Charisse, Cyd 191 Bronson, Charles 154 Camille (1936) 318, 386 Charlie Chan 126–7, 129–30, 131, 137, Bronze Buckaroo, The (1939) 367 camp 324–7, 340, 342, 390–1, 412 413 Brood, The (1979) 374 Candy (1968) 326 Charlie Chan and the Curse of the Dragon Brooks, James L. 160 Can’t Stop the Music (1980) 334 Queen (1981) 129 Brother from Another Planet, The (1984) Cantor, Eddie 66, 412 Charlie Chan at the Olympics (1937) 130 202 capitalism 9–10, 28–30, 37, 38, 125, Charlie’s Angels (2000) 135, 299 Brother to Brother (2004) 98, 347 168–209, 222, 239–40, 260, 296, Charlie’s Angels (TV) 285, 298 Brothers of the Head (2005) 381 394–5, 412 Chatterton, Ruth 370 Brown, Helen Gurley 280 Capone, Al 62 Chavez, Cesar 154–5, 413 Brown v. Board of Education 87, 412 Capote (2005) 348, 381 Che! (1969) 152 Browning, Tod 366 Capra, Frank 182–3, 202, 413 Cheadle, Don 95, 98, 402 Bruce Almighty (2003) 96 Cardinal, Tantoo 116 Cheat, The (1915) 125–6 Bruce, Shelbie 162 Carmen Jones (1954) 84, 87 Chen, Joan 135, 400–1 Brute Man, The (1946) 366 Carradine, David 133 Chen, Lynn 400–1 Bryant, Anita 334 Carrey, Jim 91 Cher 377 Buck and the Preacher (1972) 89 Carrillo, Leo 147, 413 Cherokee 116–17, 120 Buck, Pearl S. 126 Carroll, Nancy 57 Chestnut, Morris 52 Bucket List, The (2008) 96 Casablanca (1943) 244, 268 Cheyenne 112, 115, 117 Buddies (1985) 338 Casino (1995) 64 Cheyenne Autumn (1964) 111–12 buddy film 268, 281–2, 298–9, 348, 412 Casino Royale (2006) 375 Cheyenne Brave, A (1910) 107 Buffalo Bill and the Indians, or Sitting Cassavetes, John 192 Chicago (2002) 96, 97 Bull’s History Lesson (1976) 113–14 Castanos, Jesus 409 Chicano/a 154–5, 413 see also Latino/a Bulletproof Monk (2003) 136 Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1958) 233, 322 chick flicks 207, 228, 299–301, 353, Bullock, Sandra 402–3 Cat Woman (2004) 298 400–1, 413 Bulworth (1998) 204–5 Catholicism 37, 58–9, 161, 292, 322, Chico and the Man (TV) 154 Burnett, Charles 94 408–9 Children of a Lesser God (1986) 377–80 Burr, Raymond 377 Caucasoid/Caucasian 47, 413 see also Children of Men (2006) 159 Burton, Tim 381 white/whiteness Children’s Hour, The (1962) 323 Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee (2007) Causa, La 154, 413 Childress, Alvin 90 121 Caveman’s Valentine, The (2001) 98 China Syndrome, The (1979) 200 Bus Stop (1956) 233 Cavite (2005) 140 Chinatown (1974) 194 Bush Mama (1976) 94 Cell, The (2000) 155 Chinatown Nights (1929) 125 Bush, George W. 206, 208, 294 Celluloid Closet, The (1995) 326–7 Chinatowns 125, 140–1 Business of Fancydancing, The (2002) 117 censorship see Production Code Chinese American 124–5, 127, 131, But I’m a Cheerleader (1999) 344 Center of the World, The (2001) 138 135–8, 140–1, 400–1 435 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 436

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Chinese Box (1997) 138 climax 25, 413 computer generated imagery (CGI) 206, Chippewa 116 Clinton, Bill 203 414 Cho, John 135 Clockers (1995) 92 Confessions of a Nazi Spy (1939) 67 Cho, Margaret 135 Clockwork Orange, A (1971) 281 Connection, The (1961) 294 Chong, Tommy 154 Close, Glenn 290 connotative homosexuality 316–17, 322, Choudhury, Sarita 139 closet, the 313, 317–19, 351, 400–1, 326–7, 340, 386–7, 388–9, 414 Chowdhry, Ranjit 138 406–7, 413 Conrad, Joseph 133 Christian Coalition 334, 413 closure 25, 414 consciousness-raising groups 279–80, Christianity 60–1, 68–71, 82, 84, 102, Clueless (1995) 293 414 169, 175, 200, 283, 286–7, 311, 334, cochlear implants 362, 383 content 3–6, 414 337, 346, 360, 403, 404–5, 408–9 Cody, Buffalo Bill 105–6, 108–9 continuity editing 24, 121, 414 Christmas Carol, A (1938) 67, 369 Cody, Iron Eyes 111 Convoy (1978) 199 (1933) 226 Coeur d’Alene 118–19 Cool World, The (1963) 192 Cimino, Michael 63 Coffy (1973) 89 Cooley High (1975) 89 Cinderella Man (2005) 207 Cohan, George M. 58 Coolidge, Martha 294–5 cinematography/cinematographic design Cohen, Sacha Baron 301 Coon stereotype 79, 83, 91, 98, 145, 414 4, 184, 413 Cohen’s Advertising Scheme (1904) Cooper, Gary 264, 274 CineWomen 294, 413 66 Cooper, James Fenimore 104 Cisco Kid, The (1994) 155 Cohn, Harry 66 Coppola, Francis Ford 40, 63–5, 133, Citron, Michelle 294 Colbert, Claudette 183, 229, 245 160, 195, 198, 292 City Lights (1931) 177, 369 Cold War 38–9, 189–92, 202, 321, 414 Coppola, Sophia 292, 414 City of Hope (1991) 202 see also Red Scare Corner in Wheat, A (1909) 174–5 civil rights movement 40, 84, 87–9, Collateral (2004) 95 corporate capitalism 168, 193, 274–5, 110–14, 153–5, 277, 279, 323, 324, Colleen 57, 69 394–5, 414 331–2, 392–3, 413 Collins, Joan 340 corporate conglomerate 41–3, 193, 414 Clansman, The (novel) 79 Colman, Ronald 141, 263 Corporation, The (2004) 207 Clarke, Shirley 192, 293–4, 413 colonialism 70–1, 414 Corpse Vanishes, The (1942) 368 class 165–209, 214, 225–7, 252, 294, Color Adjustment (1991) 94 Correll, Charles 90 345, 392–3, 394–5, 396–7, 398–9, Color of Fear, The (1995) 139 Cortez, Ricardo 146 406–7, 408–9, 413 Color Purple, The (1985) 92 Cosby, Bill 90–1 Class (1981) 200 Colored Players Corp. 81 Cosby Show, The (TV) 91, 196, 285 class consciousness 167, 169, 176, Colors (1988) 155 Costner, Kevin 115 184–6, 413 Columbia Pictures 30, 34, 41, 66, 150, Couch (1964) 325 class system 167, 413 193, 195, 250 counterculture 40, 63–4, 69, 111–14, classical Hollywood cinema 23–40, Columbus, Christopher 102, 118 132, 154, 187, 191–5, 198, 204, 57–9, 62–3, 66–9, 71–2, 79–82, Come Back Little Sheba (1952) 233 277–81, 324–7, 329–32, 374–7, 108–11, 126–32, 147–53, 171–92, Come On Over (1922) 57 392–3, 414 217–56, 283, 309–28, 364–70, 413 Come See the Paradise (1990) 131 Cover Girl (1944) 150 classical Hollywood narrative form Coming Home (1978) 132, 376 Cradle Will Rock, The (theater) 184 24–8, 52, 157, 174, 202, 213, 217–37, coming out of the closet 308, 332, Craig’s Wife (1936) 226 245–7, 293, 316, 331, 344, 347, 413 400–1, 414 Crain, Jeanne 86 classical Hollywood style 23–8, 30–1, Coming Out Under Fire (1994) 320 Crash (1996) 403 79, 180–1, 227–8, 238–56, 324–7, 343, Commando (1985) 287 Crash (2004) 74, 402–3 349, 413 Committee Against Blaxploitation 89 Crawford, Joan 83, 178, 227, 324, 365, classical Westerns 106–10, 413 commodification 14, 19, 414 370, 374 Cleopatra Jones (1973) 89, 133 Common Threads: Stories from the Quilt Cree 116 Cleopatra Jones and the Casino of Gold (1989) 338, 348 Cricket on the Hearth, The (1909) 369 (1975) 133 communism 9, 36, 68, 131–2, 180, 187, Crisp, Donald 388–9 Clift, Montgomery 274 189–90, 321, 414 Cronenberg, David 403 436 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 437

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Crooklyn (1994) 92 Davis, Brad 337 Desperado (1995) 157, 159 Crosby, Bing 58–9, 72, 268 Davis, Geena 254 Desperate Living (1977) 193 cross-dresser 296–7, 306, 339, 340, 414 Davis, Ossie 89 Detective, The (1968) 332 Crossfire (1947) 68 Davis, Warwick 380 Detective Story (1951) 276 Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000) Day, Doris 64, 233, 248 Detour (1945) 270 136–7, 298 Day Without a Mexican, A (2004) 161 Devil Dancer, The (1927) 130 Crow 115 Day-Lewis, Daniel 338, 381 Devil Wears Prada, The (2006) 207, 299 Crow, The (1993) 133 Days of Waiting (1990) 138 Devil’s Doorway (1950) 110 Cruise, Tom 253, 376 de Beauvoir, Simone 279 Di Caprio, Leonardo 244 Cruising (1980) 334 Dead End (theater) 184 Diary of a Mad Black Woman (2005) 97 Crusades 70, 414 Dead Man (1996) 117 Diary of a Mad Housewife (1970) 282 Cruz, J. R. 408–9 Dead Reckoning (1947) 247, 272–3 diaspora 139–41, 415 Cruz, Wilson 351 Deadly Blessing (1981) 334 (1988) 287 Cry Havoc (1943) 231 Deaf Mute Girl Reciting “Star Spangled Diesel, Vin 76 Crying Game, The (1992) 60 Banner” (1902) 364 Dietrich, Marlene 227, 315, 318 Cuarón, Alfonso 159 deafness 7, 359–64, 366, 368, 372–83 Dillon, Matt 402–3 Cuban American 149, 150 (1974) 376 Dim Sum (1984) 137 Cugat, Xavier 149 Dean, James 274–6 dime novels 105, 174, 188, 415 Cukor, George 318–19, 414 Death at a Funeral (2007) 380 Dinklage, Peter 380 Culp, Robert 90 D.E.B.S. (2004) 344 Directors Guild of America 43, 180, cultural artifact 14, 17, 415 Decline of Western Civilization, The 415 cultural imperialism 29–30, 415 (1981) 293 disability 339, 352, 359–84, 392–3, 415 cultural studies 12–20, 415 decoding 14–17, 415 Disclosure (1994) 288 culture 12–20, 415 Dee, Sandra 233 Disney 17–20, 36, 41, 42, 73–4, 85, 115, Culture Club (band) 336 Deep Impact (1998) 293 117, 135, 148–9, 150, 189, 206, 246, Cumming, Alan 351 Deep Throat (1973) 281, 330 321, 348 Cunningham, Michael 351 Deer Hunter, The (1978) 132–3 displacement 54, 415 Curtis, Jamie Lee 290 Defending Our Daughters: The Rights of distribution 29, 43, 198, 206, 348, 415 Curtis, Tony 67 Women in the World (1998) 294 Divine 327 Defiant Ones, The (1958) 87 Dixie Chicks 294 Da Vinci Code, The (2006) 384 DeGeneres, Ellen 340, 351 Dixon, Thomas 79 Daddy & Poppa (2002) 346 Del Rio, Dolores 111–12, 147–8, 150, Dmytryk, Edward 68 Dallas (TV) 196, 285 415 Do the Right Thing (1989) 92 Daltry, Roger 376 Del Toro, Benicio 154 Doctor Dolittle (1967) 192 Damon, Matt 381 del Toro, Guillermo 158–9 Doctor Dolittle (1998) 205, 293 Dance, Girl, Dance (1940) 226 Dela Llana, Neill 141 documentary 22–3, 30, 64, 85, 94, 99, Dances With Wolves (1990) 115–16, 118 deliberate camp 352–7, 415 106, 117, 138–9, 192, 195, 207, 293–4, Dancing: A Man’s Game (TV) 265 De-Lovely (2004) 348 326–7, 330, 338, 345–7, 348, 353, Dandridge, Dorothy 87 Delta Force, The (1986) 73 382–3, 415 Dark Victory (1939) 229 DeMille, Cecil B. 125, 222, 314 Dogma (1999) 159 Darwell, Jane 184 DeNiro, Robert 63 dominant ideology 8, 169, 187, 385, 415 Dash, Julie 94, 294 denotation 316, 415 dominant reading 16–18, 415 Daughter of the Dragon (1931) 130 Depardieu, Gerard 138 Dong, Arthur 139, 345 Daughter Rite (1978) 294 Depp, Johnny 117, 300 Donna Reed Show, The (TV) 196, 284 Daughters of Bilitis 320, 415 deregulation 187, 207, 415 Don’t Change Your Husband (1919) 222 Daughters of Darkness (1971) 333 Deren, Maya 293, 415 Doors, The (1991) 115 Daughters of the Dust (1991) 94 Desert Hearts (1985) 338 Dora (1979) 294 Davidson, Tommy 91, 98 Designing Women (TV) 285 Dorian Blues (2004) 344 Davis, Bette 83, 227, 324, 374, 388–9 Desilu 284 Double Indemnity (1944) 188, 270 437 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 438

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Douglas, Kirk 67, 188, 276 ego-destructive discrimination 12, Eve’s Bayou (1997) 94, 98 Douglas, Michael 288, 290 392–3, 416 Executive Decision (1996) 73 Dove, The (1928) 145 ego-dystonic homosexuality 307, 406–7, exhibition 29, 39, 81, 175, 193, 416 Down Argentine Way (1940) 149 416 Exorcist, The (1973) 72 Dr Gillespie films (1942–7) 130 Eight Crazy Nights (2002) 67 experimental film see avant-garde film Dr Jekyll and Sister Hyde (1972) 333 Eight Men Out (1988) 202 experimental Western 106–7, 416 Dr No (1962) 129, 374 El Cid (1961) 276 exploitation films 89, 232, 321, 330, 416 Dr Strangelove (1964) 374 El Mariachi (1991) 157 see also sexploitation cinema Dr Zhivago (1965) 75 El Norte (1983) 156 Eyre, Chris 118 (1931) 317 Elephant (2003) 343 Dracula Versus Frankenstein (1971) 368 Elephant Man, The (1980) 377 Face/Off (1997) 136 Dragon Lady stereotype 129–30, 133, Elfman, Jenna 70 Faces (1968) 192 415 Elise, Kimberley 97 Faculty, The (1998) 157 Dream On (TV) 292 Elizondo, Hector 155 Fairbanks, Douglas 34, 253, 263 Dreamgirls (2006) 95, 96 Ellen (TV) 340 Fake Beggar (1898) 364 Dressed to Kill (1980) 289, 334 Ellison, James 390–1 Fake Blind Man, The (1905) 364 Driving Miss Daisy (1989) 92 Eminem 396–7 Falcon Crest (TV) 196, 285 Duke, Patty 373 encoding 14–17, 312, 416 Falwell, Jerry 287 Dumb & Dumber (1994) 300, 382 English, Diane 285 Family Fundamentals (2002) 346 dumb white guy comedies 300–1, Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room Family Ties (TV) 196, 285 353–4, 382, 415 (2005) 207 family values 286, 334, 416 Dunn, Michael 368 Enter the Dragon (1973) 133 Fan, The (1981) 334 Dunye, Cheryl 94, 343 Epstein, Rob 326 Fantastic Four films (2005, 2007) 298 Duvall, Robert 117 Equal Rights Amendment see ERA Fantasy Island (TV) 151 Dyer, Richard 53, 326 ER (TV) 293 (2002) 347, 348–9, 351 Dynasty (TV) 196, 285, 340 ERA (Equal Rights Amendment) 286, Farmer, Gary 117 416 Farr, Jamie 75 Earles, Daisy 366 Eraserhead (1977) 374 Farrell, Colin 121 Earles, Harry 366 Erin Brockovich (2000) 207, 394–5 Farrell, Will 300 Early Frost, An (1985) 337, 340 Eskimo 106 Farrelly Brothers (Peter and Bobby) 300, Earth (1998) 140 ESPN (network) 286 382 East is West (1922) 125 Essanay 107 (1927) 226 Eastwood, Clint 95, 111, 153 essentialism 47–8, 254, 306, 343, 416 Fast and Furious: Tokyo Drift, The (2006) Easy Living (1937) 182 Estevez, Emilio 153 138 (1969) 193–5, 281 E.T. The Extra-Terrestrial (1982) 53 Fast Food Nation (2006) 161 Easy Street (1917) 177 ethnic group 48, 416 Fast Times at Ridgemont High (1982) Eat (1963) 325 Ethnic Notions (1987) 91 293 Eat a Bowl of Tea (1989) 135, 140–1 ethnicity 48–77, 144–63, 199, 260–1, Fatal Attraction (1987) 290 Eat Drink Man Woman (1994) 136 416 Father Knows Best (TV) 196, 284, 404 Ebert, Roger 289 ethnocentrism 49, 416 Father of the Bride II (1995) 74 Ebony Film Corp. 81 ethnographic film 106, 416 Faye, Alice 390–1 Echo Park 408–9 Eugenides, Jeffrey 292 Female Closet, The (1998) 294 Eckhart, Aaron 394–5 Eurocentrism 102–3, 124, 416 Female Trouble (1975) 193, 327 Edge of Seventeen (1998) 344 European Vacation (1985) 293 Feminine Mystique, The (book) 279 Edison, Thomas 30–1, 65–6, 78, 106, Eurythmics (band) 336 femininity 213–56, 257–8, 278–80, 173, 178, 222, 261, 309–11, 416 Evans, Linda 340 284–8, 297, 300–1, 312, 322–5, 335, editing 4–5, 24, 174, 225, 242–4, 416 Evans, Rodney 98 369, 416 Education of Little Tree, The (1997) 117, Everett, Rupert 351 feminism 220, 230–1, 238–56, 278–83, 120 Every Which Way But Loose (1978) 199 285–8, 293–5, 300, 319, 330, 338, 416 438 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 439

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femme fatale 232, 270–3, 289–90, 416 (1933) 248–9, 251–2 Fung, Richard 139 Ferrer, Jose 152 Footloose (1984) 200–1 Funny Face (1957) 191 Ferrer, Mel 152 For the Bible Tells Me So (2007) 346 Funny Girl (1968) 75, 280 Ferris Bueller’s Day Off (1986) 202 Forbidden City, The (1918) 125 Funny Lady (1975) 75 Fetchit, Stepin 83, 88 Force of Evil (1948) 189 fetishization 247–52, 416 Ford, Glenn 250 Gable, Clark 183, 244, 253, 264, 318 Field, Sally 73, 200–1 Ford, Harrison 288 Gallaudet University 360 Fields, W. C. 181 Ford, Henry 35 Gamazon, Ian 141 Fiendish Plot of Dr. Fu Manchu, The Ford, John 57–60, 108–12, 184, 194, 417 Gandhi (1982) 135 (1980) 129 Ford, Wallace 392–3 Gang’s All Here, The (1943) 149, 250–1, Fierstein, Harvey 348 foreign films 22, 30, 192, 232, 312, 321, 390–1 Fighting 69th, The (1940) 58, 268 330, 417 Gangs of New York (2002) 60 Fighting Father Dunne (1948) 58 Foreman, Carl 188, 190 gangster film 27, 36, 57–8, 62–5, 82, fill light 245, 416 form see film form 88–9, 94–5, 157, 181–2, 199, 228, 259, film form 3–6, 19–20, 23–8, 294, 416 Forrest Gump (1994) 380 417 film noir 37–8, 188–9, 190, 194, 232, Foster, Jodie 132, 291 Garbo, Greta 181, 227, 313, 386–7 267–73, 289–90, 417 Four Feathers, The (1915, 1929, 1939, Garcia, Andy 154 Film School Brats 40, 195, 198, 202, 292, 2002) 71 Garcia, Jesse 408–9 331, 417 Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, The Gardner, Helen 224 final girl 289–90 (1921) 62 Garfield, John 38, 67, 189, 268–9, 371 Finding Forrester (2000) 343 FOX (network) 91 Garland, Judy 324–5, 331 Finish of Bridget Mckeen, The (1901) 57 Fox Searchlight 42, 348 Garner, James 336 : The Search for a New Fox, The (1968) 332 gay see homosexuality; lesbian; queer Bruce Lee (2007) 138 Fox, Vivica A. 52 Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Finney, Albert 394–5 Foxx, Jamie 95, 381 Defamation (GLAAD) 339, 417 Fire (1996) 140 Foxy Brown (1974) 89 Gay Brothers, The (1895) 310 (1943) 226 Frank, Robert 192 Gay Deceivers, The (1969) 332 Fishburne, Larry 92 Frankenstein (1931) 317 Gaynor, Janet 313 Fists of Fury (1972) 133 Fraser, Brendan 402–3 gender 89, 92, 94–5, 97, 124, 144, 175, Fitzgerald, Barry 59 Fraudulent Beggars (1898) 364 182, 190, 200, 213–302, 305–6, 310, Five Easy Pieces (1970) 193, 195 freak show see side show 312–17, 320–1, 285–409, 417 Flaherty, Robert 106 Freaks (1932) 366 gender identity 205–6, 294–5, 343, 417 Flaming Arrow (1913) 107 Free Soul, A (1932) 264 gender inversion model 294, 300, 305, Flaming Creatures (1962) 325 Freeman, Morgan 92, 95 343, 417 flapper stereotype 222–3, 226, 280, 416 Freidman, Jeffrey 326 General, The (1926) 264 Flash Gordon (1936, 1980) 129 Freidrich, Su 294 genocide 104, 153, 417 Flashdance (1983) 200 Frenzy (1972) 281 27–8, 40–1, 82, 88, 94, 97, Flesh and the Devil (1926) 312 Fresh Prince of Bel-Air (TV) 91 104–22, 157, 194, 225, 228–36, 231, Fletcher, Louise 377 Freshman, The (1927) 264 259, 264–8, 270, 278, 287, 331–2, 343, Florida Enchantment, A (1914) 312 Freud, Sigmund 247, 307, 342 363–8, 370–4, 417 Flower Drum Song (1961) 131 Frida (2002) 159, 348 Gentleman’s Agreement (1947) 67, 190 Fluffer, The (2001) 409 Friday Foster (1975) 89 gentrification 408–9 Flying Down to Rio (1933) 147 Friday the Thirteenth (1980) 289, 365 George, Chief Dan 113 Focus (2001) 70 Friedan, Betty 279 George, John 365, 368 Focus Features 42, 348 (1996) 157–9 Gere, Richard 135, 244 Fonda, Henry 184 front 190, 417 Gerima, Haile 94 Fonda, Jane 281, 283 Fu Manchu, Dr 126–9, 131, 417 Geronimo 107 Fonda, Peter 193 Fugitive, The (1993) 374 Geronimo: An American Legend (1993) Foolish Wives (1922) 222 Fugitive, The (TV) 374 116–17 439 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 440

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Get On the Bus (1996) 93 Gosden, Freeman 90 Hallelujah (1929) 84 Get Rich or Die Tryin’ (2005) 97 Gould, Eliot 69 Halloween (1978) 289–90 Ghost (1990) 96 Goulding, Edmund 388–9 Hamilton, Linda 298 G.I. Jane (1997) 73 Grable, Betty 247 Hammer, Barbara 294, 347 Gibson, Mel 70, 121 Graduate, The (1967) 193 Hammett, Dashiell 270 Gidget (TV) 284 Grant, Cary 266–7, 318 Hamri, Sanaa 98 Gilbert, John 263–4, 386–7 Grant, Rodney 116 Hancock (2008) 96 Gilda (1946) 150, 250–1, 253, 272 Grapes of Wrath, The (1940) 184–5 Hanging Up (2000) 291 Ginsberg, Allen 192 greaser stereotype 145–7, 152–4, 155, Hanks, Tom 52–3, 326, 337, 380 Girl 6 (1996) 92 417 Happiest Millionaire, The (1967) 192 Girl Can’t Help It, The (1956) 244 Greaser’s Revenge, The (1914) 145 happy ending 25, 69, 182, 230, 327, 336, Girl from U.N.C.L.E., The (TV) 284 Great Depression 36–7, 117, 146, 160, 344, 379, 418 Girlfriends (1977) 294 179–87, 189, 191, 196, 222, 225, 227, Harlan County, U.S.A. (1976) 294 Girlfriends (TV) 91 264, 314, 370, 417 Harlem Renaissance 81, 418 Gish, Lillian 34, 218, 224, 417 Great Race, The (1965) 280 Harlow, Jean 244 GLAAD see Gay and Lesbian Alliance Great Train Robbery, The (1903) 106, Harold & Kumar films (2004, 2008) Against Defamation 261 135 Gladiator (2000) 297 Green Acres (TV) 196 Harold and Maude (1972) 193 Glatzer, Richard 408–9 Green Berets, The (1968) 111, 132 Harrelson, Woody 382, 404–5 Gleason, Jackie 197 Green, Guy 392–3 Harris, Neil Patrick 351 Glover, Danny 92, 94 Green Hornet (TV) 130, 133 Harris, Richard 113 Glover, Savion 98 Green Mile, The (1999) 96 Harrold, Jaime 394–5 Go Fish (1995) 343, 347 Green Pastures, The (1936) 84 Harron, Mary 279, 294 Godard, Jean-Luc 244 Greene, Graham 116, 120 Harry Potter films (2001, 2002, 2004, Godfather films (1972, 1974, 1990) Greenwald, Maggie 294, 296–7 2005, 2007) 159, 298 64–5, 112, 198 (1984) 130 Hart, William S. 107, 262 Gods and Monsters (1998) 317, 348 Gremlins 2 (1990) 130, 134 Hartman, Elizabeth 369, 392–3 Godzilla (1998) 205 Grief (1993) 409 Harum Scarum (1966) 72 Going My Way (1944) 58–9 Griffith, D. W. 79–80, 107, 125, 174–5, Haskell, Molly 229–30 (1933) 252 243, 369 Hathaway, Anne 407 Gold Rush, The (1925) 177 Griffith, Melanie 287 Hatton, Rondo 366 Goldberg, Whoopi 18–19, 92 (2007) 157 Hawks, Howard 266, 276 Goldbergs, The (TV) 196, 284 Growing Pains (TV) 196, 285 Hawn, Goldie 291–2 Golden Boy (theater) 184 Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner (1967) Hayakawa, Sessue 125–6, 418 Golden Girls, The (TV) 285 87–8 Hayek, Salma 76, 155, 157, 159 Goldwyn, Samuel 32, 36, 94, 347 Guillaume, Robert 19 Hayes, Isaac 89 Gomer Pyle USMC (TV) 196 Gulf and Western 40 Haynes, Todd 349, 351 Gone With the Wind (1939) 67, 83, 318 Gung Ho (1986) 134 Hays, Will 36, 314, 418 Gonzales, Chalo 408–9 Gung Ho! (1943) 131 Hayslip, Le Ly 133 Gonzales, Rodolpho 155 guppies 409 Hayworth, Rita 150, 153, 245, 250–1, Gonzalez, Myrtle 146 Guy-Blache, Alice 224, 418 253, 418 Good Earth, The (1937) 126 Gyllenhaal, Jake 406–7 HBO (network) 284, 315, 326, 337 Good Neighbor Policy 148–52, 390–1, He Got Game (1998) 92 417 Hackman, Gene 117 Head, Edith 224 Good, the Bad, and the Ugly, The (1966) Haggis, Paul 402–3 Hearst, William Randolph 151, 228 153 Haines, William 313, 418 Heart of Darkness (novel) 133 Good Times (TV) 90, 196 Hairspray (2007) 97 Hearts and Minds (1974) 195 Good Will Hunting (1997) 343, 344 Haley, Alex 90 Hearts in Dixie (1929) 84 Goodfellas (1990) 64 Hall, Arsenio 90 Heaven (1987) 291 440 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 441

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Heaven and Earth (1993) 133 259, 291–3 see also classical Howard, Ken 376 Heckerling, Amy 293 Hollywood cinema Howard, Terrence 95–6, 402–3 Hedwig and the Angry Inch (2001) 346–7 Hollywood Supports 339, 418 Howard, Trevor 115 hegemonic negotiation 10–11, 26, Hollywood Ten 38, 189, 418 HUAC (House Un-American Activities 167–70, 182–3, 206, 222, 257–8, Home for the Holidays (1995) 291 Committee) 38, 68, 189–90, 419 300–1, 326–7, 385, 398–9, 418 Home of the Brave (1949) 85, 372 Hudlin Brothers (Reginald and hegemonic patriarchy 214, 239, 257–301, Home of the Brave (2006) 97 Warrington) 94 342, 418 Homesteader, The (1918) 81 Hudson, Jennifer 96 hegemony 10–11, 239, 418 homophobia 307–8, 321, 334, 339, 345, Hudson, Rock 178, 234–6, 276, 321, Helgenberger, Marg 395 397, 406–7, 408–9, 419 336, 419 Hellboy films (2004, 2008) 159 homosexual panic 335–6, 419 Hughes Brothers (Allen and Albert) 94 Hellman, Lillian 323 homosexuality 19, 36, 94, 95, 139, Hughes, John 202, 419 Hello Dolly (1969) 280 253–4, 261, 298, 305–54, 376, 388–9, Hulk, The (2003) 136 Hepburn, Audrey 374 406–7, 408–9, 419 Hunchback of Notre Dame, The (1923) Hepburn, Katharine 226, 227, 266, 316, homosociality 215, 226, 258, 261, 281–2, 364 319 312, 320–1, 388–9, 419 Hurt, John 377 Here! TV (network) 341 Honey West (TV) 284 Hurt, William 338, 378–9 Heston, Charlton 153, 276, 326 Honeydripper (2007) 202 Hustle & Flow (2005) 95–6 heteronormativity 329, 386–7, 388–9, Honeymooners, The (TV) 196–7 Huston, John 269 406–7, 418 Hong Kong action films 136, 419 heterosexism 306–55, 418 Honsou, Djimon 95 I am Joaquin (1969) 155 heterosexual monogamy 305, 311, Hood of Horror (2006) 97 I am Legend (2007) 96 314–15, 331, 353, 404–5, 418 Hoover, Herbert 180 I Dream of Jeannie (TV) 284 heterosexuality 172, 281, 305–22, 324, Hope, Bob 72, 268 I Live for Love (1935) 147 335–6, 329–31, 342, 351–4, 371, 375, Hopkins, Anthony 377 I Love Lucy (TV) 152, 160, 284 378–9, 382, 404–5, 406–7, 418 Hopkins, Miriam 388–9 I Now Pronounce You Chuck & Larry Hiawatha (1910) 107 Hopper, Dennis 193 (2007) 353–4 high art 13, 418 Horatio Alger myth 173–8, 180–3, 193, I, Robot (2004) 96 high concept 41, 418 198–203, 207–8, 396–7, 419 I Shot Andy Warhol (1996) 279 High Noon (1952) 274, 276 Horne, Lena 83, 89 I Spy (TV) 90 High Society (1956) 59 horror films 27–8, 36, 72, 82, 88, 97, I Was a Male War Bride (1949) 266–7 Hill, Walter 117 129, 157, 159, 228, 231, 289–90, IATSE (International Association of Hilton, Daisy and Violet 366 317–18, 333, 334, 338, 343, 363–6, Theatrical Stage Employees) 179, 188, Hilton, Paris 207 374, 419 190, 419 His Girl Friday (1940) 266 Hot Pepper (1935) 150 Ice Castles (1978) 375 Hispanic 62, 111–12, 129, 143–63, Hotel Rwanda (2004) 95 Ice Storm, The (1997) 136–7 390–1, 402–3, 408–9, 418 see also Hours, The (2002) 347, 348, 351 iconography 28, 104–5, 419 Latino/a House of Horror (1946) 366 ideological state apparatuses (ISAs) History Lessons (2000) 294, 347 House of Sand and Fog (2003) 75 11–12, 48, 280, 419 Hitch (2005) 96 House of the Spirits (1993) 155 ideology 8–7, 239, 257, 331, 419 Hitchcock, Alfred 246, 274, 281, 289, House of Wax (1953) 365 Idlewilde (2006) 97 316–17, 334 House Party (1990) 94 If These Walls Could Talk films (1996, HIV 336–9 see also AIDS House Un-American Activities 2000) 295, 341, 405 Hoffman, Dustin 69, 113, 336, 381 Committee see HUAC I’m The One that I Want (2000) 135 Hogan’s Heroes (TV) 90 Houston, Whitney 90 image studies 14–20, 419 Holden, William 276 How Stella Got Her Groove Back (1998) Imagining Indians (1992) 117 Hollywood Indian 108–15, 418 95 Imitation of Life (1934) 229 Hollywood studio system 21–3, 34–40, How to Marry a Millionaire (1953) 191, Imitation of Life (1959) 234, 396 178–80, 195, 198, 204–6, 217, 223–8, 241 Immigrant, The (1917) 177 441 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 442

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immigration 55–8, 60–2, 65–6, 72, Intolerance (1916) 175 John Goldfarb, Please Come Home (1965) 124–5, 172, 174 Introducing Dorothy Dandridge (1999) 72 imperialism 29–30, 104, 143, 419 295 John Tucker Must Die (2006) 293 In America (2003) 95 Intruder in the Dust (1949) 85 Johnny Belinda (1948) 372 (1935) 147 Inuit 106 Johnny Got his Gun (1971) 375–6 (TV) 91, 97, 155 investigation and punishment 246–7, Johnson, Dwayne “The Rock” 76 In Old Arizona (1929) 147 251, 420 Johnson, Nunnally 184 In the Name of the Father (1993) 60 invisible style 23–4, 30–1, 420 Jolson, Al 66, 68–9, 420 Iñárritu, Alejandro González 157 Irene (1926) 57 Jones, Freddie 377 Incident at Oglala (1992) 117 Irish Americans 56–60, 68–9, 72, 147, Jones, James Earl 89 incorporation 14, 19, 419 155, 404–5 Jones, Quincy 76 Incredibly True Adventure of Two Girls in Iron Horse, The (1924) 108 Jones, Rashida 76 Love, The (1995) 344, 345 Irons, Jeremy 19 Jones, Tommy Lee 161 indentured servants 172, 420 Ironside (TV) 377 Jovovich, Milla 298 Independence Day (1996) 96 Irving, Amy 375 Joy Luck Club, The (1993) 138 independent filmmaking 21–3, 36, ISAs see ideological state apparatuses Juárez (1939) 148 39–40, 41–2, 49, 66, 85, 92–4, 97–9, It (1927) 222 Julia (1977) 282 117–20, 136–41, 160–1, 190–3, 195, It Happened One Night (1934) 182–3 Julia (TV) 90 202, 206, 224, 232, 279–80, 293–7, Italian Americans 60–5, 69, 147, 155, Julia, Raul 156, 338 317, 326–7, 338–9, 343–53, 376, 199 Jungle, The (novel) 174 382–3, 408–9, 420 Italian 62–3, 420 Jungle Fever (1991) 92 Indian 102–22, 420 see also Native Italianamerican (1974) 64 Juno (2007) 352 Americans It’s a Wonderful Life (1946) 67, 182–3 Indian American 135, 139–40 It’s Alive (1974) 374 Kaquitts, Frank 114 Indian Justice (1911) 107 It’s All Relative (TV) 340 Karate Kid, The (1984) 134 Indian Story 107, 420 Karloff, Boris 72, 127–9, 365 Indian Wars 49, 104–5, 121, 420 Jack Benny Program, The (TV) 90, 340 Karras, Alex 336 Indiana Jones films (1984, 2008) 26–7, Jackson, Curtis “Fifty Cent” 97 Kasem, Casey 75 41, 200, 287 Jackson, Michael 89–90 Kate & Allie (TV) 285 Indian-ploitation 113 James Bond films 89, 129, 298, 330, Kate and Leopold (2001) 299 Indians (play) 114 374–5 Kaye, Danny 67, 318 industrial revolution 171–5, 219–20, Japanese American 131, 134–5 Kazaam (1996) 74, 96 260–1, 420 Japanese War Bride (1952) 132 Kazan, Elia 190, 420 Inge, William 233, 321, 420 Jarmusch, Jim 117 Keaton, Buster 175, 264, 300 Ingram, Rex 83 Jaws (1975) 24, 198, 287 Keaton, Diane 291 inscrutable Oriental stereotype 123–32, Jazz Singer, The (1927) 68–9, 396 Keaton, Michael 134 420 Jefferson, Thomas 6, 55 Keeler, Ruby 248 Inside Deep Throat (2005) 330 Jeffersons, The (TV) 90, 196 Keeping the Faith (2000) 70 Inside Man (2006) 98–9 Jenkins, Tamara 294 Keeping Up With the Steins (2006) 70 Inside the White Slave Traffic (1914) 220 Jesus Children of America (2005) 99 Kelly, Gene 58, 265 Insider, The (1999) 207 Jewish Americans 32, 65–70, 178, 189, Kelly, Grace 58 institutionalized discrimination 11–12, 200, 284 Kennedy, John F. 59 420 Jim Brown: All American (2002) 99 Kennedy, Joseph P. 57 internalized ideology/discrimination 12, Jim Crow Laws 11, 80–1, 87, 420 Kerouac, Jack 191 240, 332, 406–7, 420 Jim Thorpe, All American (1951) 110 Kerr, Deborah 323 International Association of Theatrical jingoism 49, 420 Kerr, John 323 Stage Employees see IATSE Joe’s Bed-Stuy Barbershop: We Cut Heads key light 245, 420 interracial romance see miscegenation (1983) 92 Keystone Kops 173 intersexed 306, 420 Johansson, Scarlet 292 Kid, The (1922) 177 442 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 443

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Kidman, Nicole 351 Lady from Shanghai, The (1946) 141, 270 Legally Blonde (2001) 299 Kiel, Richard 375 Lady in the Dark (1944) 230 Legend of Bagger Vance, The (2000) 96 Kikuchi, Rinko 135, 158, 381 Lady Sings the Blues (1972) 89 Legend of Zorro, The (2005) 155 Kilcher, Q’orianker 121 Laemmle, Carl 32, 66 Legion of Decency 58, 227, 322, 421 Kill Bill films (2003, 2004) 135 Lake House, The (2006) 299 Leguizamo, John 348 Killer of Sheep (1977) 94 Lakota 115–17 Lemmons, Kasi 94, 98, 294 killer queer stereotype 316–17, 333, 334, Lamas, Fernando 150 lesbian 92, 253, 294, 312–15, 317, 323, 344 Lancaster, Burt 110 331–40, 343–6, 347–52, 386–7, Killing Fields, The (1984) 134 Lane, Nathan 351 400–1, 405 see also homosexuality; Killing of Sister George, The (1968) Langdon, Harry 264 queer 332–3 Lansing, Sherry 291 Lesbian Avengers 337, 421 Kilmer, Val 117 Lanza, Mario 62 lesbian film 317, 333, 334, 421 kinetoscope 30, 173, 421 Laramie Project, The (2002) 341 Leslie, Alfred 192 King and I, The (1956) 132 Las Abandonadas (1944) 148 Let There Be Light (1945) 269 King, Martin Luther 87, 88 Last Days (2005) 343 (1987) 91, 287 King, Stephen 381 Last Emperor, The (1987) 135 Letters from Iwo Jima (2006) 135 Kingpin (1996) 382 Last Holiday (2006) 138 Levene, Sam 68 Kingsley, Ben 135 Last King of Scotland, The (2006) 95 Levitsky’s Insurance Policy (1903) 66 Kinnear, Greg 382 Last of the Mohicans, The (1992) 116 Lewis, Herschell Gordon 72 Kinney Corporation 40 Last of the Mohicans, The (novel) 104 Li, Jet 136, 159 Kinsey (2004) 348 Last Picture Show, The (1971) 194 Liberace 340 Kinsey Reports 232, 320–1, 342 Last Samurai, The (2003) 135 Licensed to Kill (1997) 345 Kirk, Tommy 321 Latifah, Queen 96–7, 138 Life of an American Fireman (1902) 261 Kiss Me Guido (1997) 61 Latin Boys Go to Hell (1997) 345 Life of Emile Zola, The (1937) 67 Kiss of the Spider Woman (1985) 156, Latin Lover stereotype 61–2, 63, 71, 125, Life of Riley (TV) 196 338, 381 145–8, 150, 155, 159, 262–3, 421 Life with Luigi (TV) 61 Kleptomaniac, The (1905) 173 Latino/a 62, 143–63, 250, 390–1, 402–3, Light That Failed, The (1916, 1923, 1939) Klute (1971) 281–2 408–9, 421 see also Hispanic 370 Knightly, Keira 298 Lau, Siu-Ming 140–1 Lilies of the Field (1963) 87 Knocked Up (2007) 301 Laughlin, Tom 113–14 Limbaugh, Rush 287 Kopit, Arthur 114 Laughton, Charles 318 Limbo (1999) 202 Kopple, Barbara 294, 421 Laurie, Piper 379 Lin, Justin 138, 398–9 Korean American 135 Laverne and Shirley (TV) 285, 291 Lincoln Motion Picture Co. 81 Kramer, Stanley 371 Law & Order: SVU (TV) 135 linear narrative 24–8, 421 Kramer vs. Kramer (1979) 283 Lawless, The (1950) 152 Ling, Mi 133 Krofft Productions, Sid and Marty 367 Lawrence, Martin 97 Lion King, The (1994) 17–20 Krusiec, Michelle 400–1 Lawrence of Arabia (1962) 71, 75 Lipton, Peggy 76 Ku Klux Klan 11, 79, 107 League of their Own, A (1992) 291, 293, literary design 4, 24, 421 Kubrick, Stanley 281 298 Little 3 33, 36, 421 Kung Fu (TV) 133 Lean, David 392 Little Annie Rooney (1925) 57 kung fu action movie 133–4, 421 Lear, Norman 90, 285 Little Big Man (1970) 113, 115 Kurosawa, Akira 136 (TV) 196, 284, 404 Little Caesar (1930) 62–3, 181 Leder, Mimi 293 Little Colonel, The (1935) 84 L Word, The 286, 341, 380 Ledger, Heath 406–7 Little Man (2006) 97 La Bamba (1987) 156 Lee, Ang 136–7, 140, 406–7, 421 Little Man Tate (1991) 291, 293 La Cage aux Folles (1978) 348 Lee, Brandon 133 little people 366–8, 380 LA Law (TV) 293 Lee, Bruce 133, 421 Little Rascals, The (1994) 293 labor unions 173, 421 Lee, Christopher 129 Littlefeather, Sacheen 113 Lady for a Day (1933) 182 Lee, Spike 92–3, 98–9 Liu, Lucy 129, 135 443 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 444

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Live and Let Die (1973) 375 M. Butterfly (1993) 135 Marin, Richard “Cheech” 18–19, 154 Living End, The (1991) 343 machismo 160, 170, 287 Marion, Frances 225, 422 Livingston, Jennie 343 Mack, The (1973) 88 Mark of Zorro, The (1940) 147 LL Cool J 138 Mackie, Anthony 397 marriage 170, 230–1, 239, 266, 269, 311, Lloyd, Harold 175–7, 264, 300, 421 MacLaine, Shirley 326 318, 322, 346, 352–4, 388–9, 404–5 Logo (network) 341 MacMurray, Fred 270 marriage of convenience 318, 422 Lollobrigida, Gina 63 Madame Butterfly (opera) 124 Married with Children (TV) 196 Lombard, Carole 266 Madea’s Family Reunion (2006) 197 Marshall, Garry 291 Lone, John 135 Mafia 62, 422 Marshall, Penny 291 Lone Ranger, The (TV) 108–10 Magical Negro stereotype 96, 422 Martin, Dean 62 Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in magical realism 153 Marty (1955) 63, 196 Heaven, The (novel) 118 Magnani, Anna 63 Marty (TV) 196 Lone Star (1996) 202 Magnificent Obsession (1935, 1954) 191, Marx Brothers 61, 181 Longtime Companion (1990) 338 225 Marxism 170–1, 422 Look Who’s Talking films (1989, 1990) Mahogany (1975) 89, 282 Mary Poppins (1964) 280 293 Maid in Manhattan (2002) 138, 155 Mary Tyler Moore Show, The (TV) 285, Loos, Anita 225, 421 Main, Marjorie 318 340 Lopez, Jennifer 138, 155, 157, 159, 241, major studios 34, 422 Mascot 34 421 Make Room for Daddy (TV) 75 170, 201, 214–16, 223, Lord, Fr. Daniel 58 Making Grace (2004) 346 225–6, 234–5, 253–4, 257–77, 278, Lord of the Rings films (2001, 2002, 2003) Making Love (1982) 326, 335 281–3, 287–8, 296–8, 300–1, 312–13, 206, 297 Mako 135 320–2, 324–5, 338, 369, 370–2, 396–7, Loren, Sophia 62, 233 Malcolm X (1992) 93 398–9, 404–5, 406–7, 422 Lorre, Peter 129, 327 Male and Female (1919) 222 M*A*S*H (TV) 75 Lost (TV) 135 239–52, 258, 335–6, 422 Mask (1985) 377 Lost Boundaries (1949) 85 Malibu’s Most Wanted (2003) 76 Mask of Fu Manchu, The (1932) 127–9 Lost City of the Jungle (1946) 126, 130 Malick, Terrence 121 Mask of Zorro, The (1998) 155 Lost Horizon (1937) 126, 140 Maltese Falcon, The (1941) 326–7, 247 Masters of the Universe (1987) 367 Lost in Space (TV) 326, 340 Maltz, Albert 110 Mata Hari (1931) 386 Lost in Translation (2003) 292 Mammy stereotype 79–80, 83, 96, 422 Matewan (1987) 202 Lott, Trent 85 Man Called Horse, A (1970) 113 Mathis, June 225 Love and Basketball (2000) 95 Man from Laramie, The (1955) 274 Matlin, Marlee 378–80, 422 love interest 24–8, 330, 421 Man in the Gray Flannel Suit, The (1957) Matrix films (1999, 2003, 2003) 298 Love Is a Many Splendored Thing (1955) 275 Mattachine Society 320, 422 132 Man Who Knew Too Much, The (1956) Maude (TV) 285 Love! Valour! Compassion! (1997) 344–6 274 Maya Lin: A Strong Clear Vision (1994) low art 13, 421 Man Who Shot Liberty Valance, The 138 Loy, Myrna 128 (1962) 111 Mayan 121 Lucas, George 40, 198, 206 Man with the Golden Gun, The (1974) Mayer, Louis B. 66, 189 Luce, Claire Booth 229 375 Mayfield, Curtis 89 Lugosi, Bela 129, 365 Manchurian Candidate, The (1962) 131 McAvoy, May 69 Luke, Keye 130, 421 Mandan 113 McCabe and Mrs. Miller (1971) 113, 194, Lumet, Sidney 89 Manifest Destiny 104–6, 143, 422 204 Lumière Brothers 30, 421 Mann, Anthony 111, 274 McCarthy, Joseph 38, 58, 86 Lupino, Ida 226, 421 Mansfield, Jayne 232, 244 McDaniel, Hattie 83, 88 Lust, Caution (2007) 136–7, 352 March, Frederic 266, 269 McDonald, Mary 116 Lust for a Vampire (1972) 333 Margo 149 McKellen, Sir Ian 351 Lynch, David 377 Maria Candelaria (1944) 148 McNally, Terrence 346 lynching 54, 81, 421 Marie Antoinette (2006) 292 Me, Myself & Irene (2000) 382 444 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 445

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Mean Streets (1973) 64, 193 minstrel show 79, 98–9, 423 Moreland, Mantan 83, 88 Means, Russell 111, 116–17, 422 Miracle Decision, The 232 Moreno, Antonio 146 Medal for Benny, A (1945) 152 Miracle on 34th Street (1947) 67 Moreno, Rita 153 mediated/mediation 14, 422 Miracle Worker, The (1962) 373 Morita, Noriyuki “Pat” 134–5 medical model of disability 360–1, 364, 42, 348, 351 Morocco (1930) 227, 315 377, 422 Miranda, Carmen 149, 154, 390–1, 423 Mos Def 97 Medoff, Mark 378 Mirror Has Two Faces, The (1996) 244, Move On (1903) 174 Meet John Doe (1941) 182 291 movie palaces 33, 175, 423 (2004) 353 miscegenation 36, 39, 79–80, 82–4, movie star 33–4, 178, 227–8, 262–6, (2001) 353 86–7, 95, 107, 109, 110, 125–6, 132, 423 Mehta, Deepha 140 146–8, 152–3, 339, 349, 351, 423 movie studios 34–6, 423 melanin 48, 422 mise-en-scène 4, 99, 234–6, 271–2, 423 MPAA Ratings System 40–1, 281, Member of the Wedding (1952) 87 misogyny 289, 423 329–31, 353, 423 Memoirs of a Geisha (2005) 136 Miss Sadie Thompson (1953) 150 Mr Deeds (2002) 207 Men, The (1950) 269, 371 Mission: Impossible II (2000) 136 Mr Deeds Goes to Town (1935) 182 Men in Black films (1997, 2002) 96–7 Mississippi Masala (1991) 139 Mr Magoo (1997) 364, 384 Menace II Society (1993) 94 Mix, Tom 108, 118, 262 Mr Majestyk (1974) 154 Meredyth, Bess 225 Mo’ Better Blues (1990) 92 Mr Mom (1983) 283 Mesa of Lost Women (1953) 368 Moby Dick (1956) 374 Mr Moto films (1937–9) 129 Meshes of the Afternoon (1943) 293 Mod Squad, The (TV) 90, 284 Mr Smith Goes to Washington (1939) 182 Method School 122, 274, 422 Modern Times (1936) 177 Mr Wong films (1938–40) 129 metrosexual 352, 422 Moesha (TV) 91 Mrs Doubtfire (1993) 283, 348 Mexican American 144–8, 150–62, 190, Momism 275–6 MTM Productions 285 408–9 see also Chicano/a; Latino/a Mongoloid 47, 423 MTV (network) 138, 341, 398 Mexican Cinema 148, 150, 151, 157–9 Monk (TV) 75 muckraking journalism 174, 423 Mexican Spitfire films (1940–2) 150 Monogram 34 Mulan (1998) 135 Meyer, Russ 281 monopoly 29, 423 mulatto 423 see also Tragic Mulatto MGM 21, 34–5, 36, 66, 150, 225, 366–7 Monroe, Marilyn 232, 241 stereotype Miami Vice (TV) 156 Monsoon Wedding (2001) 139 Mulgrew, Kate 285 Miao, Cora 140 Monster (2003) 348 Mulholland Drive (2001) 348 Michael Clayton (2007) 207 Monster-In-Law (2005) 155 Multi-Facial (1999) 76 Michael Collins (1996) 60 Monster’s Ball (2001) 95, 97 Multiple Maniacs (1970) 327 Micheaux, Oscar 81, 422 montage 4–5, 394, 423 see also editing multiplex theaters 23, 42 Michelena, Beatriz 146 Montalban, Ricardo 150–1, 154 Mulvey, Laura 242–55, 294 Mick stereotype 56–7, 422 Montez, Maria 129, 149, 324 Mummy, The (1932) 72 middle class 32–4, 167, 169, 175–6, Moon is Blue, The (1953) 232, 322 Mummy, The (2000) 206 191–3, 196, 327, 330, 398–9, 422 Moonraker (1979) 375 Muni, Paul 62, 126, 147, 148 Middleton, Charles 129 Moonshiner, The (1904) 173 Murderball (2005) 383 Midnight Caller (TV) 292–3 Moonstruck (1988) 65 Murphy, Brittany 396 Midnight Cowboy (1969) 281, 330 Moore, Clayton 109 Murphy Brown (TV) 285 military-industrial complex 192, 422 Moore, Colleen 57 Murphy, Eddie 91, 95, 97 Milius, John 117 Moore, Demi 288, 291–2 Murray, Bill 292 Miller, Omar Benson 397 Moore, Julianne 349, 351, 404–5 Muse, Clarence 83 Miller’s Crossing (1991) 60 Moore, Michael 207 musicals 27–8, 37, 82, 83–4, 149–50, Million Dollar Baby (2004) 95, 298, 381 Moore, Robert 376 181, 191, 194, 228, 246, 248–52, 254, Minh-ha, Trinh T. 138 Moorehead, Agnes 318 265, 270, 280, 336, 343, 346–7, 376, Minnelli, Liza 376 Moral Majority 283, 287, 334, 423 390–1 minor studios 34, 423 Morales, Esai 154–5, 160 Muslim Terrorist stereotype 73–4, 423 minority groups 7–12, 423 More Tales of the City (TV) 341 My Beautiful Laundrette (1986) 338 445 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 446

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My Best Friend’s Wedding (1997) 348 Native Americans 48, 52, 102–22, 153, Noah’s Arc (TV) 341 My Big Fat Greek Wedding (2002) 353 171 savage stereotype 103–4, 108–9, My Brother’s Wedding (1983) 94 Nativism 56, 424 115, 350, 424 My Fair Lady (1964) 319 Natural Born Killers (1994) 115 Noble Warrior stereotype 371, 375–6, My Family/Mi Familia (1995) 156, Nava, Gregory 156–7, 160–1, 424 424 160–1 Navajo 117 Nor, Haing, S. 134 My Friend Irma (TV) 284 Navajo Code Talkers (1996) 117 Norbit (2007) 97 My Left Foot (1989) 381 Nazimova, Alla 313 Norden, Martin F. 363 My Man and I (1952) 152 Near-Sighted Cyclist, The (1907) 364 Norma Rae (1979) 200–1 My Man Godfrey (1936) 182 Near-Sighted Mary (1909) 364 Normal (2003) 341, 405 My Own Private Idaho (1991) 343 negotiated reading 16–19, 424 Normal, Ohio (TV) 340 Myra Breckinridge (1970) 327, 334 Negro Soldier, The (1943) 85 North Country (2005) 207 Mysterious Mr. Wong, The (1935) 129 Negroid 47, 424 Norton, Edward 70 mystery film 123, 127, 129–30, 270–3 Neilan, Mickey 57 Nosotros 151, 154, 350, 424 Mystery of the Wax Museum (1933) 365 neo-blaxploitation 94–5, 97, 424 nostalgic Hollywood blockbuster 41, neo-noir 289–90, 424 64–5, 125, 155, 198–200, 278, 287, NAACP see National Association for the Neptune’s Daughter (1949) 150 289–90, 296–301, 374, 424 Advancement of Colored People New American Cinema 192–3 Not Without My Daughter (1991) 73 NAATA see National Asian American New Deal 181–2 Nothing Sacred (1937) 266 Telecommunications Association 40–3, 64–5, 69–70, Novak, Kim 246 NAFTA (North American Free Trade 73–4, 76, 88–97, 115–17, 121, 132–8, Novarro, Ramon 146, 313, 424 Agreement) 157 154–62, 198–208, 278–301, 329–33, NOW see National Organization for Nair, Mira 139 344, 347–54, 424 Women naïve camp 323, 423 New Jack City (1991) 94 Naked Spur, The (1954) 274 New Line Cinema 42 Object of My Affection, The (1998) 348 Namesake, The (2006) 139 139, 294, 343–52, objectification 228, 239–56, 258–9, Nana (1944) 150 424 262–4, 272, 278, 293, 297–8, 300–1, Nanook of the North (1922) 106 New South 199–200, 424 321, 335, 369, 390–1, 393, 397, 424 narcissism 242–4, 254, 423 New World, The (2005) 121–2 Objective Burma (1945) 131 NASCAR (National Association for Stock Newman, Paul 114, 152, 274 objective shot 242–4, 247, 424 Car Auto Racing) 300–1 News Corp. 41 O’Brien, George 57 Nashville (1975) 194 Newsreel (filmmaking collective) 192 Obsessive Avenger stereotype 365–6, National Asian American Newton, Huey 86 424 Telecommunications Association Newton, Thandie 402–3 Odd Couple, The (1968) 281 (NAATA) 134, 423 Next Best Thing, The (2000) 348 O’Donnell, Rosie 351 National Association for the Nicholson, Jack 195 Office, The (TV) 76 Advancement of Colored People nickelodeons 30–3, 66, 173–5, 178, 220, Oglala 117 (NAACP) 81, 85, 89, 423 261, 350, 424 O’Hara, Maureen 60 National Film Committee of the Nightmare on Elm Street, A (1984) 27, Oklahoma! (1955) 72 Association on American Indian 289 Oland, Warner 127, 130 Affairs 110 Nine Songs (2004) 353 Old Dark House, The (1932) 317 National Industrial Recovery Act 180, Nine to Five (1980) 283 Old Maid, The (1939) 220 423 Nitrate Kisses (1992) 294 Old Wives for New (1918) 314 National Organization for Women Nitti, Frank 62 oligopoly 29, 34, 37, 39–40, 190, 424 (NOW) 279, 287, 424 Nixon, Agnes 284 Olivier, Laurence 318 National Treasure films (2004, 2007) Nixon, Richard 198 Olmos, Edward James 155–6, 160, 425 208 No Way Out (1950) 85 Omaha 116 nationalism 49, 424 NOAH (National Organization for On the Bowery (1956) 192 nationality 48–9, 57, 144, 424 Albinism and Hypopigmentation) 384 On the Waterfront (1954) 190 446 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 447

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Once Upon a Time in Mexico (2003) 157 Paris is Burning (1991) 343 Pink Flamingos (1972) 193, 327 One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (1975) Paris Was a Woman (1995) 345 Pinkett Smith, Jada 98 377 Parkers, The (TV) 91 Pinky (1949) 85–6, 190 One is Business, the Other Crime (1912) Parting Glances (1986) 338 Pinon, Dominique 381 173, 175 Parton, Dolly 283 Pins and Needles (theater) 184 One Nation Under God (1993) 346 Party Girl (1995) 74 Pirates of the Caribbean films (2003, Oneida 116 passing 55, 81, 425 2006, 2007) 208, 298, 300 O’Neil, Sally 57 Passion of the Christ, The (2004) 70 Pitt, Brad 157, 253–4 Ontkean, Michael 335, 375 Pat and Mike (1952) 318 Planet Terror (2007) 157 open market economy 9, 425 Patch of Blue, A (1965) 87, 369, 374, Platoon (1986) 133 open shop 179, 425 392–3 Pleasantville (1998) 53 oppositional reading 16–19, 425 Pathe 30, 224 Please Don’t Eat the Daisies (1960) 64 oralism 383 Pathfinder (2007) 121 Pocahontas 104, 121 Ordinary People (1980) 283 patriarchy 8–9, 18, 213–302, 308, Pocahontas (1995) 115, 117 Oriental see inscrutable Oriental 310–11, 347, 406–7, 425 Poison (1991) 343, 347 stereotype Patric, Jason 117 Poitier, Sidney 87–8, 275, 369, 373, Orientalism 71–2, 123–4, 126, 425 Patty Duke Show, The (TV) 284 392–3, 425 Orphans of the Storm (1921) 369 Pay it Forward (2001) 293 Polanski, Roman 194 Oscars see Academy Awards Paycheck (2003) 136 Polonsky, Abraham 189 O’Sullivan, Maureen 57 PBS 94, 140, 156, 338, 345, 383 pop camp 326–7, 425 Other/Othering 54–5, 62, 63, 103, 124, Peacemaker, The (1997) 293 populism 174, 182, 425 143, 145–7, 215–16, 257–8, 306–7, Pearl Harbor (2001) 135 Porgy and Bess (1959) 84 425 Peck, Gregory 67, 275 pornography 281, 325, 330, 425 Other Side of the Mountain, The (1975) Peckinpah, Sam 281 Porter, Edwin S. 261 375 Peirce, Kimberly 349–50 Portrait of Jason (1963) 294 O’Toole, Peter 71 Peltier, Leonard 117 post-feminism 300–1, 425 Our Miss Brooks (TV) 284 Pena, Elizabeth 155 Postman Always Rings Twice, The (1946, (1998) 155 Peña, Michael 402–3 1981) 188, 270, 289 Out of the Past (1947) 188 Penalty, The (1920) 364 postmodernism 343, 425 Outrage, The (1964) 152 Penn, Arthur 113 Potter, Sally 294 Oxenberg, Jan 294 Penn, Kal 135 Poverty Row studios 34, 425 Oxygen (network) 285 Perez Family, The (1995) 155 Powell, Dick 248, 252 Perry, Tyler 97 Powwow Highway (1989) 117 Pacino, Al 63, 380 persona 34, 425 Preacher’s Wife, The (1996) 291 Paget, Debra 110 Personal Best (1982) 335 pre-Code films 36–7, 127–9, 180–2, Pal Joey (1957) 150 Peyton Place (1957) 233 227–8, 254, 314–15, 425 Palance, Jack 152 Phantom of the Opera, The (1925, 2003) Predator (1987) 287 Palindromes (2004) 353 365 Preminger, Otto 376 Pan’s Labyrinth (2006) 158 Phifer, Mekhi 397 pre-sold 41, 425 pansy stereotype/pansy craze 312, 314, Philadelphia (1993) 337, 347, 381 Preston, Robert 336 316, 326, 340, 425 Philadelphia Story, The (1940) 266, Pretty in Pink (1986) 202 Parade of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West (1894) 318–19 Pretty Woman (1990) 244, 248, 299 106 Phillippe, Ryan 402–3 Pride of the Marines (1945) 269 Paragraph 175 (1999) 345 Phillips, Irna 284 Prince 90 Paramount 21, 30, 34, 40, 44, 66, 138, Phyllis (TV) 285 Prince and Me, The (2004) 207 206, 226, 398 Pickford, Mary 34, 57, 218–19, 224, 262, Prince of Tides, The (1991) 291 Paramount Consent Decrees 39, 85, 157, 425 Princess Diaries, The (2001) 207 189, 321, 425 Picnic (1955) 191, 233, 276 Princess of Nebraska (2007) 138 Parent ’Hood, The (TV) 91 Pillow Talk (1959) 248 Prinze, Freddie 154 447 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 448

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Prinze, Jr, Freddie 244 Quinceañera (2006) 408–9 Renaissance Man (1994) 291, 293 Prisoner in the , A (1913) 72 Quinn, Anthony 152, 426 Reol 81 Private Parts (1997) 293 repressive state apparatuses (RSAs) 11, Private Secretary (TV) 284 race 18–19, 47–163, 199–200, 204, 214, 427 Prize Winner of Defiance, Ohio, The 220–1, 259, 260–1, 311, 343, 345, Requiem for a Dream (2000) 196 (2005) 404–5 347, 352, 372, 396–7, 398–9, 402–3, Reservoir Dogs (1991) 23 producer 14–16, 426 426 Resident Evil films (2002, 2004, 2007) Producers’ Releasing Corporation 34 race movies 36, 81–2, 366–7, 426 298 production 29, 426 Rachel, Rachel (1968) 282 Return of a Man Called Horse (1976) 113 Production Code 36–7, 39, 40, 58, 63, racism 48, 144, 170, 296–7, 354, 392–3, Return of the Dragon (1972) 133 82–3, 86–7, 125, 126, 181–2, 188, 402–3, 426 Return of the Secaucus Seven, The (1980) 227–8, 232, 266, 280, 305, 311, Rafelson, Bob 193 202 314–17, 319, 322–3, 325, 326, 329–30, Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981) 200, 287 Return of the Vampire (1943) 231 332, 349, 386–7, 426 Rain Man (1988) 381 Reynolds, Debbie 233 Professionals, The (1966) 153 Rainer, Luise 126 Rhoda (TV) 285 Prohibition 62 Rains, Claude 268 Rich and Famous (1981) 319 propaganda 15, 188, 231, 426 Raisin in the Sun, A (1961) 87 Rich, Young, and Pretty (1951) 150 protagonist 24–8, 175, 259, 271, 330, Rambo (1985) 287–8 Richard III 360, 365, 375 426 Ramona (1910) 107 Rick & Steve: The Happiest Gay Couple in Protestant work ethic 169, 351, 396–7, rap 97, 396–7 All the World (TV) 341 404–5, 426 Ratatouille (2007) 298 Riddles of the Sphinx (1976) 294 Pryor, Richard 89 Ratings System see MPAA Ratings Ride With the Devil (1999) 136 P.S. I Love You (2007) 299–300 System Riding in Cars with Boys (2001) 291 (1960) 289, 317 Ray (2004) 95 Riggs, Marlon 94, 338 Public Enemy (1931) 58, 181, 264–5 readers 16–20, 426 Right Cross (1950) 152 Puerto Rican 153, 154, 155 Reagan, Ronald 200–2, 283, 286–7, 334, Ringer, The (2005) 382 Pufnstuf (TV) 367 337 Ringwald, Molly 202 Puig, Manuel 338 Reaganomics 201–2, 426 Rio Bravo (1959) 276 Punks (2001) 345 Real Genius (1985) 295 Rios, Emily 408–9 Purple Heart, The (1944) 62, 131 (1994) 202 Rising Sun (1993) 134 Pursuit of Happyness, The (2006) 96, 199 Rear Window (1954) 274 Risky Business (1983) 200 Pushing Hands (1992) 136 Reasonable Doubts (TV) 380 Ritter, Tex 108 Reassemblage (1982) 139 RKO 34, 57, 150 quadriplegia 381–3 Rebel Without a Cause (1955) 191, Road to El Dorado, The (2000) 156, 162 Quaid, Dennis 351 275–6 Road to Morocco (1942) 72, 268 Quail, Dan 285 Red Dust (1932) 244 Road to Perdition (2002) 60 quattrocento style 239, 241, 426 red face 108, 111–12, 115 (1940) 268 Queen Christina (1933) 227, 386–7 Red Girl and the Child, The (1910) 107 Roberts, Julia 244, 248, 394–5 Queen for a Day (TV) 405 Red Headed Woman (1932) 181 Robeson, Paul 318 queer 308, 316–17, 331, 339–40, Red Scare 38–9, 58, 68, 86, 110, 152, Robinson, Bill 83–4 342–54, 386–7, 426 187, 189–90, 321, 426 Robinson, Edward G. 62–3, 67, 181 Queer as Folk (TV) 341 Red Wing’s Gratitude (1909) 107 Rocky (1976) 41, 65, 199, 288 queer camp 327, 426 Redford, Robert 282 Rocky Horror Picture Show, The (1975) Queer Nation 339, 426 Reds (1981) 204 317, 327 queer theory 319, 342–52, 406–7, 426 Reeve, Christopher 381 Roddenberry, Gene 285 Question of Love, A (1978) 340 Reeves, Steve 323 Rodriguez, Robert 157–9, 427 Quick and the Dead, The (1995) 298 Reflections in a Golden Eye (1967) 332 Rogers, Ginger 37, 181, 230, 265 Quiet Man, The (1952) 59–60 Reid, Beryl 332 Rogosin, Lionel 192 Quigley, Martin 58 Reilly, John C. 300 Rohmer, Sax 127 448 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 449

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Roland, Gilbert 111–12, 146 Saludos Amigos (1943) 148–9 Second Sex, The (book) 279 Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone, The (1961) Sambo and Aunt Jemima (1897) 78 Secretary (2002) 353 233 Sand Pebbles, The (1966) 134–5 See No Evil (1971) 374 52, 228, 289, 344, 345, Sandler, Adam 160, 207, 353 Seidelman, Susan 294 347 Sandler, Barry 326 Selena (1997) 155, 156 Romay, Lina 149 Sandow 261 Sellers, Peter 129 Romeo and Juliet 407 Sands of Iwo Jima, The (1949) 268 Selznick, David O. 67 Romero (1989) 156 Sanford and Son (TV) 90, 196 Send Me No Flowers (1964) 276 Romero, Cesar 150, 318 (1931) 370 Sennett, Mack 241 Rooney, Mickey 57, 391 Sarandon, Susan 326 Sense and Sensibility (1995) 136, 299 Roosevelt, Franklin Delano 180–2, 370 saturation advertising 41, 205, 427 sensitive man 274–6, 283, 427 Roosevelt, Theodore 260–1 saturation booking 41, 205, 427 Sergeant, The (1968) 332 Roots (TV) 90–1 Saturday Night Fever (1977) 65, 199, 334 Sergeant Matlovich vs. the U.S. Air Force Rope (1948) 306 Saturday Night Live (TV) 91 (1978) 340 Rose Tattoo, The (1955) 63 Savage, John 376 sex 214–15, 427 see also gender; sexuality Roseanne (TV) 196, 285–6 Saving Face (2004) 136, 400–1 Sex and the City (2008) 300, 353 Rosie the Riveter 231–2, 427 Saving Private Ryan (1998) 60 Sex and the City (TV) 285–6, 295 Ross, Diana 89 Savoca, Nancy 294 Sex and the Single Girl (1964) 280 Rossito, Angelo 368 Sayles, John 202, 427 sexism 89, 170, 190, 214, 226, 273, 279, RSAs see repressive state apparatuses Sayonara (1957) 132 288–9, 293, 354, 427 rugged individualism 168–9, 202, 392–3, Scaramouche (1923) 146 sexploitation cinema 280–1, 330, 427 427 Scarface (1932) 62, 181 sexual object choice 306, 427 Rules of Engagement (2000) 73 Scarface (1983) 155 sexual orientation 305–55, 427 runaway production 206, 427 Scary Movie films (2000, 2001, 2003, sexual repression 321–2, 334, 344, 345 rural America 171–4, 184–5, 199–201, 2006, 2008) 97 sexual revolution 280–1, 289, 305, 260 Scent of a Woman (1992) 380 329–34, 427 rural 196 Schiller, Greta 294 sexuality 54, 71–2, 79–80, 139, 218–22, Rush, Geoffrey 381 Schindler’s List (1993) 70 227–8, 232–3, 234, 253–4, 263, 266, Rush Hour films (1998, 2001, 2007) 97, Schneider, Bert 195 280–1, 303–55, 400–1, 406–7, 408–9, 136 School Daze (1988) 92 427 Russell, Harold 262, 371 Schwarzenegger, Arnold 254, 287 Shadow, The (1994) 125 Russell, Ken 376 Schweig, Eric 116–17 Shadows (1957) 192 Russell, Rosalind 269 science fiction 298, 338 Shaft (1971) 88 Russo, Vito 326 Scooby-Doo (TV) 75 Shaft (2000) 95 Ryan, Meg 52 Scorpio Rising (1963) 325 Shallow Hal (2001) 382 Ryan, Terry 405 Scorsese, Martin 40, 63–4, 193–4 Shane (1953) 111 Ryder, Winona 135 Scott, Lizabeth 247, 272–3 Shanghai Express (1932) 130 Scott, Randolph 318 (2000) 135, 136 Saboteur (1942) 316 Scott, Ridley 254 Sharif, Omar 74–5, 428 Sabrina (1954) 191 Scott, Sean William 136 Shark Tale (2004) 298 Sacajawea 104 Screen Actors Guild 43, 180, 206, 427 Shay’s Rebellion 172 Safety Last (1923) 175–6 182–3, 265–7, 427 She Hate Me (2004) 99 Sahara (1943) 62 SCUM Manifesto (essay) 279 Shearer, Norma 264 Said, Edward 123 Sea Inside, The (2004) 381 Sheen, Charlie 153 Saintly Sage stereotype 369–70, 374, 427 Sea of Love (1989) 289 Sheen, Martin 153 Salaam Bombay! (1988) 139 Seal of Approval 37, 58, 227, 232, 303, Sheik, The (1921) 62, 71, 146 Salome (1923) 312–13 310–12, 314–15, 427 see also Shen, Parry 398–9 Salome (1953) 150 Production Code She’s All That (1999) 244 Salt of the Earth (1953) 152, 190–1, 200 Searchers, The (1956) 111, 274 She’s Gotta Have It (1986) 92 449 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 450

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Shigeta, James 135 Smoke (1995) 138 Spooks Run Wild (1941) 368 Shine (1996) 381 Smoke Signals (1998) 118–19 Spy Kids (2001) 157 Ship of Fools (1965) 368 Smokey and the Bandit (1977) 199 Spy Who Loved Me, The (1977) 375 Shipman, Nell 224–5 Snipes, Wesley 92, 348 Squaw’s Love, A (1911) 101 Shire, Talia 63 97 Ssssssss (1973) 366 Shopping for Fangs (1997) 138 So Proudly We Hail (1943) 231 Stagecoach (1939) 108–10 Short Bus (2006) 353 (TV) 284–6 Staircase (1969) 332 shot 4, 428 social constructionism 48–9, 53, Stalag 17 (1953) 276 Showboat (1936) 318 215–16, 231–2, 253, 257, 305, 307–8, Stallone, Sylvester 63, 254, 287–8 Showtime (network) 286, 341 342, 428 Stand and Deliver (1987) 156 films (2001, 2004, 2007) 298 social model of disability 361–2, 377, Stanwyck, Barbara 181, 227, 270, 318 Shut Up & Sing (2006) 294 428 Star is Born, A (1954) 318–19 Sicko (2007) 207 social problem film 37–8, 67–8, 85–6, (TV) 75, 90, 285 Siddig, Alexander 75 110–11, 131, 152, 182, 188–9, 226, Star Wars films (1977, 1980, 1983, 1999, side show (freak show) 363–6, 377 269, 337, 370–4, 394–5, 402–3, 428 2002, 2005) 198, 287, 298 Siege, The (1998) 73 socialism 9, 180, 184–5, 187, 428 Starsky and Hutch (2004) 97 Sigmund and the Sea Monsters (TV) 367 Soderberg, Steven 394 Station Agent, The (2003) 380 sign language 372, 376, 378–9, 383 Soilers, The (1923) 312 Steel, Dawn 291 Sign of the Cross, The (1932) 314 Solanas, Valerie 279 Steinbeck, John 184–5 Silence of the Lambs (1991) 339 Solax Pictures 224 Stella Dallas (1937) 229 Silent Pioneers (1985) 338 Sombra Verde (a.k.a. Untouched) (1954) Stepmom (1998) 53 Silk Stockings (1957) 191 151 stereotype 7, 428 Silkwood (1983) 192 Some Kind of Wonderful (1987) 202 Stern, Howard 247, 293 Silver Bullet (1985) 381 Something New (2006) 98 Stevens, Stella 133 Silverheels, Jay 109–10 Somewhere in Time (1980) 381 Stewart, James 110, 182, 246, 274 Silverlake Life (1993) 338 Son of Frankenstein (1939) 365 Stewart, Patrick 381 Simpsons, The (TV) 160, 197 Son of the Sheik, The (1922) 263 Stiller, Ben 70, 353 Sin City (2005) 157 Song of the South (1946) 85 Sting, The (1973) 60, 281–2 Sinatra, Frank 62 Sontag, Susan 325 Stoltz, Eric 377 Since You Went Away (1944) 371 Sony 41 Stone, Oliver 133 Sinclair, Upton 174 Sopranos, The (TV) 65 Stonewall (1995) 347 Singles (1992) 202 Sorry, Haters (2005) 74 Stonewall Riots 331–2, 428 Singleton, John 94–5 Soul Food (1997) 95 Stormy Weather (1943) 84 Sioux 106, 108, 113, 117 Soul Plane (2004) 97 Story of G.I. Joe, The (1945) 62 Sioux Ghost Dance (1896) 106 Sound and Fury (2000) 383 straight queer 339, 342, 428 Sirk, Douglas 191, 229, 234–6 Sound and the Fury, The (1959) 87 Strangers on a Train (1951) 316 sitcoms see television sound design 5, 428 Straw Dogs (1971) 281 Sitting Bull 105, 114 Sounder (1972) 89 Street Scene (theater) 184 Six Feet Under (TV) 341 South Pacific (1958) 132 Streetcar Named Desire, A (1951) 233, Sixteen Candles (1984) 134 Southern Comfort (2001) 345 322 Slacker (1991) 202 spaghetti Westerns 111, 153, 428 Streisand, Barbra 69, 75, 244–5, 280, 291 slackers 187, 202–3, 428 Spanglish (2004) 160–2 Strong Man, The (1926) 264 Slam Dance (1987) 138 Spawn (1997) 52 Stuck on You (2003) 382 slasher film 289–90, 337–8, 428 Spears, Britney 207 Student Prince of Old Heidelberg, The slavery 6–7, 11, 78–80, 170–1 Special Olympics 382 (1927) 146 Sleep (1963) 325 Spheeris, Penelope 293 Studi, Wes 116–17 Smith, Jack 325 Spider-Man films (2002, 2004, 2007) 298 Studio Basic Agreement 179, 428 Smith, Will 91, 96 Spielberg, Steven 15, 40, 92, 198 studio system 428 see also Hollywood Smits, Jimmy 154, 160 Splendor in the Grass (1961) 233 studio system 450 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 451

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subculture 14, 324, 428 240, 284–6, 292–5, 298–9, 321, 337, Time-Warner-AOL 41–3, 348 see also subgenre 107–8, 289, 428 340–1, 344, 351 see also individual Warner Bros. subjective shot 242–4, 246–7, 428 progam listings Tingler, The (1959) 374 Sudden Impact (1983) 287 Tell Me That You Love Me, Junie Moon Titanic (1997) 25, 203, 206, 244 Suddenly Last Summer (1959) 322, 326 (1970) 376 T-Men (1947) 271 Summer Place, A (1959) 233 Temple, Shirley 84 To Sleep with Anger (1990) 94 Sundance Film Festival 118, 335, 347, Ten Commandments, The (1956) 69, To Wong Foo, Thanks for Everything, Julie 409 276 Newmar (1997) 347–8 Sunset Boulevard (1950) 276 Tender Fictions (1995) 294 Tobin, Jason J. 398–9 Sunshine State (2002) 202 Teresa () 159 token/tokenism 52–3, 429 Super Mario Brothers (1993) 61 Terminator films (1984, 1991) 298 Toler, Sidney 127 Superdyke (1975) 294 Terms of Endearment (1983) 160 Toll of the Sea (1922) 125, 130 Superfly (1972) 88–9, 199 Terror of Tiny Town, The (1938) 366–7 Tomb Raider films (2001, 2003) 245, Superman (1978) 381 That Certain Summer (1972) 340 298, 300 Superman Returns (2006) 298 That Girl (TV) 284 Tomlin, Lily 283, 326 superstructure 170–1, 428 That Night in Rio (1941) 149 Tommy (1975) 376 Surname Viet, Given Name Nam (1989) Thelma and Louise (1991) 246–7, 298–9 Tong Man, The (1919) 125 139 thematic myth 28, 105, 429 tongs 125, 399, 429 Swank, Hilary 349–50, 381 There’s Something About Mary (1998) Tongues Untied (1989) 94, 338 Swanson, Gloria 57 301, 353 Tony the Greaser (1911) 145 Swayze, Patrick 348 Theron, Charlize 298 Tootsie (1982) 283, 336 Sweet Innocent stereotype 368–9, 374, Thesiger, Ernest 317 Torrio, Johnny 62 392–3, 429 Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo (1944) 131, Toub, Shaun 74, 402–3 Sweet Sweetback’s Baaadassss Song (1971) 371 Touch of Evil (1959) 153 88 This Film is Not Yet Rated (2006) 353 Tracy, Spencer 131, 373 Swoon (1991) 343, 347 Thomas, Anna 160 (1983) 199 Sylvia Scarlett (1935) 316 Thomas, Betty 291–2 Traffic (2000) 96, 160 Synch Touch (1981) 294 Thomas, Danny 75 Traffic in Souls (1913) 220 synergy 41–2, 205, 429 (1968) 280 Tragic Mulatto stereotype 79–80, 82, 87, Thousand Years of Good Prayers, A 221, 429 Table for Five (1983) 283 (2007) 138 Tragic Victim stereotype 371, 375–6, tableaux 80, 248, 429 Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada, The 429 Take This Job and Shove It (1981) 199 (2005) 161 Training Day (2001) 95, 155 Talented Mr. Ripley, The (1999) 345, 348 Three Caballeros, The (1945) 149 Transamerica (2005) 348 Talk to Me (2007) 98 Three Men and a Baby (1987) 283 transgender 306, 331, 335, 339, 345–7, Talladega Nights (2006) 300–1 Three of Hearts (1993) 347 348–51, 386–7, 429 Tan, Amy 138 three-point lighting 245, 250–1, 429 transsexual 306, 317, 322, 334, 339, 429 Tarantino, Quentin 15, 23 Three’s Company (TV) 285 transvestite 306, 317, 339, 429 Tarnation (2003) 347 Threesome (1994) 347 Travolta, John 63 Tate, Larenz 402 Thrill Of It All, The (1963) 64 Trembling Before G-d (2001) 346 Taylor, Elizabeth 233, 322 (1979) 294 Trial of Billy Jack, The (1974) 113 Taylor, Robert 110 Through Deaf Eyes (2007) 383 Trip to Chinatown, A (1926) 130 Taymor, Julie 159 Thunderball (1965) 374–5 Tristar 41 see also Columbia Pictures Tea and Sympathy (1956) 322–3 Thunderheart (1992) 117 Triumphs of a Man Called Horse (1983) Teahouse of the August Moon (1956) 131 Thurman, Uma 298 113 Telemundo 155 Thurmond, Strom 85 Troche, Rose 347 telenovela 159, 160 Till the End of Time (1946) 269, 371 Trouble with Angels, The (1966) 226 television 39, 41, 61, 65, 90–1, 94, 133, Timecode (2000) 159 Troy (2004) 298, 300 134, 151, 155, 156, 159, 196–7, 207, Times of Harvey Milk, The (1984) 338 True Lies (1994) 73 451 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 452

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Truman, Harry S. 85 Van Peebles, Melvin 88 Warhol, Andy 193, 279, 325 Trumbo, Dalton 375 Van Sant, Gus 343, 344 Warnecke, Gordon 338 Tucker, Chris 136 Vanishing Son (TV) 135 Warner Bros. 21, 30, 34, 40, 66–9, 93, Tumbleweeds (1925) 108 Vargas, Jacob 160 148, 181–2, 198 see also Time- Turner, Guinevere 347 Vega, Paz 160, 162 Warner-AOL Turner, Kathleen 289 Velez, Lupe 149–50, 430 Washington, Denzel 92–3, 95, 139, 381 Turner, Lana 178, 324 Velvet Goldmine (1998) 347 WASP 31, 51, 430 Turning Point, The (1977) 282 Venus Boyz (2002) 346 Watanabe, Gedde 134 Two Can Play That Game (2001) 52 vertical integration 29, 30, 39, 205, 430 Watanabe, Ken 135 Two Ladies and a Beggar (1909) 364 Vertigo (1958) 246, 274 Water (2005) 140 Two Weeks with Love (1950) 150 Vespucci, Amerigo 102 Watergate 198 Tyler, Parker 326 Viacom 41, 341 Watermelon Contest, The (1896) 78 Tyson, Cicely 89 Victor/Victoria (1982) 336 Watermelon Woman (1995) 94, 343 Victorian era 218–19, 222, 314 Waters, Ethel 86–7 Ultraviolet (2006) 298 Vidal, Gore 326 Waters, John 193, 327 Umeki, Miyoshi 132 Viertel, Salka 386–7 WAVES see Women Accepted for Uncle Tom stereotype 79–80, 96, 429 Vietnam war 111, 113, 132–4, 192, 195, Volunteer Emergency Service underground film 192–3, 324–5, 330, 198, 277, 279–80, 375–6 Wayans Brothers 91, 97, 98 429 Village People 334 Wayne, John 59–60, 64, 108–12, 118, unionization 31, 36, 152, 154, 173, Villechaize, Hervé 375 132, 261–2, 264, 268, 274, 430 178–80, 188–90, 200, 206, 294 Virgin Suicides, The (1999) 292 Wayne’s World (1992) 293 United Artists 34 virgin–whore complex 219, 228, 289, Ways of Seeing (book) 238–41, 242 United Farm Workers Union 154 430 WB (network) 91 Universal 21, 30, 34, 41, 42, 66, 149, visual design 4, 234–6, 245, 270–2, 430 WE (network) 286 224, 234, 348 Viva Max! (1969) 152 We are Dad (2005) 346 Univision (network) 155 Viva Zapata! (1952) 152 Weaver, Sigourney 288, 298 Unknown, The (1927) 364–5 Voices (1979) 375 Weber, Lois 224–5, 430 Unmarried Woman, An (1978) 282 Voight, Jon 376 Wedding Banquet, The (1993) 136, 140 Unsinkable Molly Brown, The (1964) 280 von Stroheim, Erich 222, 314 Wedding Crashers (2005) 301, 353 Unstrung Heroes (1995) 291 von Sydow, Max 129 Wedding Planner, The (2001) 155, 353 Untouchables, The (1988) 65 voyeurism 242–5, 253, 254, 390–1, 430 Weekend in Havana (1941) 149 Untouched see Sombra Verde Weill, Claudia 294 (1978) 154 WAC see Women’s Army Corps Weiss, Andrea 294 UPN (network) 91 Wach, Jonathan 117 Welch, Raquel 153 upper class 168–9, 196, 429 Wah, Lee Mun 139 Welles, Orson 141 urban America 172–6, 220–2, 260–2, Wait Until Dark (1967) 374 West, Mae 181, 227–8, 324 320 Waiting to Exhale (1995) 95 West, Rebecca 220 Ustinov, Peter 72, 129, 152 Walk Hard (2007) 300 West Side Story (1961) 153 Walk Proud (1979) 154 West Wing, The (TV) 380 Vachon, Christine 347, 349, 429 Walken, Christopher 129 Westerman, Floyd Red Crow 116 Valdez, Luis 155–6, 429 Walker, Alice 92 Western film 25, 27, 52, 58, 71, 82, Valentino, Rudolph 62, 71, 146, 253, Walker, Nancy 334 104–22, 132, 147, 150, 153, 194, 225, 262–3, 429 Walsh, Raoul 57 228, 254, 259, 261–2, 268, 270, 274, Valenzuela, Ritchie 156 Waltons, The (TV) 196 276, 296–7, 298, 312, 366–7, 406–7, vamp 220–1, 232, 429 Wanderer of the West (1927) 312 430 Vampire Lovers, The (1971) 333 Wang, Wayne 136–8, 140–1, 430 Westmoreland, Wash 408–9 Van Damme, Jean-Claude 254, 287 war movie 27, 37, 52, 58, 62, 130–3, Whale, James 317–18, 430 Van Doren, Mamie 232 231, 259, 267–8, 363, 370–2, 375–6, What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? Van Peebles, Mario 94 430 (1962) 374 452 9781405170550_6_ind.qxd 16/10/2008 17:02 Page 453

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What Happens in Vegas (2008) 301 Windows (1980) 334 Working Girl (1988) 200, 287–8 What Women Want (2000) 283 Windtalkers (2002) 117 World According to Garp, The (1982) When Ocean Meets Sky (2004) 345 Windwalker (1980) 115 335 When the Levees Broke: A Requiem in Winfield, Paul 89 World of Suzie Wong, The (1960) 132 Four Acts (2006) 99 Winfrey, Oprah 90–2 World War I 175, 179, 180, 312, 375 Where Are My Children? (1916) 224 Wings (1927) 312 World War II 36, 37, 62, 67, 82, 85, 117, Whiskey Rebellion 172 Winslet, Kate 244 130–1, 136, 140, 148–52, 187–8, 192, Whitaker, Forest 95 Winters, Roland 127 231–2, 234, 247, 250, 267–9, 274, 278, white/whiteness 8, 34, 48–77, 150, 155, Winters, Shelley 392–3 281, 289, 319–20, 370–2, 390–1 168, 199–200, 216, 240, 257, 284, 337, Wishman, Doris 280, 431 Writers Guild of America 43, 180, 206, 342, 343, 345, 348, 396–7, 404–5, 430 Within Our Gates (1919) 81 225, 431 (2004) 97 Wiz, The (1978) 89 (1956) 191, 247–8 White Fawn’s Devotion (1910) 107 Wizard of Oz, The (1939) 24, 366–7 Wu, Alice 400–1 White Men Can’t Jump (1992) 53 Wolf, Peter 376 Wyatt, Jane 140 white patriarchal capitalism 8–12, 25–8, Wolfen (1981) 156 Wyler, William 371 28–40, 41, 51–5, 78, 131, 170, 198, Wollen, Peter 294 Wyman, Jane 234–6, 372 324, 329–31, 343, 396–7, 398–9, 430 Woman under the Influence, A (1974) white slavery 125, 220, 430 192 X, Malcolm 88 white trash 199–200, 430 Woman’s Face, A (1941) 370 Xena: Warrior Princess (TV) 340 Whitmore, James 85 woman’s film 26, 95, 135, 225, 228–31, xenophobia 61, 146, 431 Who Killed the Electric Car? (2006) 207 233–6, 259, 270, 281–2, 300, 319, 331, Xiu Xiu: The Sent-Down Girl (1998) 135 Who Killed Vincent Chin? (1988) 138 349, 370, 388–9, 394–5, 400–1, 431 X-Men films (2000, 2003, 2006) 298 Whoopee! (1930) 66 Women, The (1939) 230, 318 Whose Life is it Anyway? (1981) 381 Women Accepted for Volunteer Y Tu Mama Tambien (2001) 159 Why Do Fools Fall in Love? (1998) 156 Emergency Service (WAVES) 231 Yankee Doodle Dandy (1942) 58 Wild Boys of the Road (1933) 181 Women in Film 292, 431 yellow face 123–9, 134 Wild Bunch, The (1969) 111, 153 Women’s Army Corps (WAC) 226, Yellow Menace, The (1916) 125 Wild Party, The (1929) 226 231 Yentl (1983) 291, 293 Wild West show 105–7, 114, 430 (1934) 147, 315 Yiddish-language films 36, 66, 431 Wild Wild West (1999) 97, 159 Wong, Anna May 129–30, 431 York, Susannah 332 Wild Wild West, The (TV) 340, 368 Wong, B. D. 135, 351 You Can’t Take It With You (1938) 182 wildcat strikes 188, 430 Wong, Russell 135, 140 You Only Live Twice (1967) 375 Wilde, Oscar 313 Wong, Victor 140–1 Young Deer, James 107–8, 431 Will and Grace (TV) 336, 340–1 Woo, John 136, 431 You’ve Got Mail (1996) 52–3, 299 Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter? (1957) Wood, Natalie 111, 153, 281 Yun-Fat, Chow 132, 136, 159 191 Wood, Robin 334 yuppie (young urban professional) 198, Williams, Billy Dee 89 Woodberry, Bill 94 201, 431 Williams, Michelle 407 Woodsman, The (2004) 97 Williams, Spencer 82, 90, 430 Woodward, Joanne 282 Zangwill, Israel 66 Williams, Tennessee 233, 321–2, 430 Woolrich, Cornell 188 Zanuck, Darryl F. 67, 184 Willie Dynamite (1974) 88 Word is Out (1977) 338 Zero Patience (1993) 343 Willow (1988) 367–8 working class 32–3, 63–5, 167–70, Ziegfeld, Florenz 248 Wilson, Owen 136 173–5, 178–80, 185–5, 190–2, 194, Zoot Suit (1981) 152, 155–6 Wilson, Woodrow 79–80 196–7, 198–207, 311, 349, 352, 368–9, Zoot Suit Riots 151–2, 155–6, 431 Winchester ’73 (1950) 274 394–5, 396–7, 404–5, 406–7, 431 Zukor, Adolph 32, 66

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