sign in sign up
<<
Home , Ketobemidone, Morpheridine, Racemoramide, Thiofentanyl, Trimeperidine

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Afghanistan 1 10 000 19 957 10 000 10 000 1 000 4 000 Fentanyl 3 2 20 000 Methadone 93 430 2 000 Morphine 1 294 594 10 000 2 1 000 2 Albania 10 Codeine 75 000 42 020 Fentanyl 290 Pethidine 50 000 Methadone 14 500 2 Morphine 6 500 Pholcodine 1 Oxycodone 2 200 2 Pethidine 3 000 14 820 Pholcodine 1 600 200 Remifentanil 10 68 000 Sufentanil 2 2 Algeria Armenia 350 Codeine 3 000 Codeine 1 991 900 Fentanyl 40 Etorphine 1 Methadone 12 000 Fentanyl 500 Morphine 6 500 Methadone 3 650 Thebaine 15 Morphine 9 000 1 500 Oxycodone 2 028 Aruba* Pethidine 3 000 Alfentanil 3 Pholcodine 1 500 000 1 Remifentanil 1 70 Sufentanil 30 Codeine 85 Thebaine 1 1 Andorra Dextropropoxyphene 85 2 500 Fentanyl 200 Fentanyl 100 Hydrocodone 2 Methadone 1 191 Methadone 150 Morphine 572 Morphine 540 Oxycodone 2 000 Opium 450 Pethidine 607 Oxycodone 300 Remifentanil 4 Pethidine 404 Angola* Piritramide 124 Alfentanil 1 Remifentanil 19 Codeine 22 500 Ascension Island Dextromoramide 188 Alfentanil 2 188 Fentanyl 2 Fentanyl 23 Morphine 1 Morphine 15 000 Pethidine 2 Pethidine 20 000 Australia Sufentanil 1 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Anguilla AH-7921 1 Codeine 500 Alfentanil 877 Fentanyl 1 Alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Morphine 20 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 1 Pethidine 300 Beta-hydroxy-3-methyl fentanyl 1 Antigua and Barbuda* Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 2 Cocaine 9 Cannabis 50 000 Codeine 169 Cocaine 27 000 Dihydrocodeine 15 Codeine 4 800 000 Diphenoxylate 28 Codeine-N-oxide 1 Fentanyl 1 Conc. of Morphine 6 ACA 31 142 424 Oxycodone 2 AMA 31 401 778 Pethidine 338 AOA 1 587 701 Remifentanil 1 ATA 20 161 800 Sufentanil 1 1 Argentina Dextropropoxyphene 150 000 Alphaprodine 2 Dihydrocodeine 144 400 Bezitramide 2 Diphenoxylate 40 000 Cannabis 100 Ecgonine 1 Cocaine 18 Etorphine 2 Codeine 707 385 Fentanyl 45 000 Dextromoramide 2 1 Dextropropoxyphene 307 430 Hydrocodone 125 2 Hydromorphone 80 000 2 1

1

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Methadone 773 267 Oxycodone 7 350 Methadone intermediate 1 Pethidine 6 725 Morphine 900 000 Remifentanil 150 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Bangladesh 1 Fentanyl 600 1 Methadone 20 000 Oxycodone 2 790 781 Morphine 200 000 2 000 Oxycodone 10 000 Para-fluorofentanyl 2 Oxymorphone 75 000 Pethidine 60 000 Pethidine 335 665 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Remifentanil 40 Pethidine intermediate C 1 Barbados Pholcodine 348 548 Cocaine 98 Remifentanil 1 258 Codeine 92 000 Sufentanil 4 Dihydrocodeine 900 Thebaine 100 Fentanyl 61 1 Heroin 1 Austria Hydromorphone 3 Alfentanil 450 Methadone 300 Cannabis 135 621 Morphine 5 500 Cocaine 2 500 Pethidine 6 900 Codeine 500 000 Remifentanil 125 Codeine-N-oxide 100 Sufentanil 1 Dextropropoxyphene 250 Belarus Dihydrocodeine 685 930 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Diphenoxylate 40 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 20 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Etorphine 6 1 Fentanyl 49 743 Alfentanil 1 Heroin 15 Alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Hydrocodone 15 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 1 Hydromorphone 149 819 Alphaprodine 1 Methadone 72 633 Beta-hydroxy-3-methyl fentanyl 1 Morphine 1 327 830 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Morphine-N-oxide 30 Cocaine 100 Nicomorphine 3 739 Codeine 1 318 702 Opium 19 625 Dextromoramide 1 120 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Oxycodone 272 748 Dihydrocodeine 1 Oxymorphone 120 Dipipanone 1 Pethidine 72 415 Ecgonine 1 Piritramide 16 306 Ethylmorphine 50 Remifentanil 4 881 Etorphine 1 Sufentanil 636 Fentanyl 1 736 Thebaine 715 Heroin 1 Tilidine 150 Hydromorphone 3 000 Azerbaijan Levomoramide 1 Codeine 2 000 Methadone 30 000 Fentanyl 50 Morphine 10 586 Methadone 8 000 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Morphine 3 400 MPPP 1 Thebaine 29 Norcodeine 1 Trimeperidine 2 600 Normethadone 1 Bahamas Normorphine 1 Alfentanil 1 1 Cannabis 4 Oxycodone 1 Cocaine 4 Oxymorphone 1 Codeine 5 000 Para-fluorofentanyl 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 Pethidine 1 Fentanyl 30 Remifentanil 1 Heroin 1 Sufentanil 3 Hydrocodone 1 Thebaine 1 Hydromorphone 1 Thiofentanyl 1 Ketobemidone 1 Trimeperidine 43 898 Methadone 1 Belgium Morphine 1 000 1 Oxycodone 5 000 Alfentanil 625 Oxymorphone 1 Cannabis 110 400 Pethidine 8 000 Coca leaf 22 Sufentanil 1 Cocaine 17 643 Bahrain Codeine 3 688 837 Codeine 14 069 Codeine-N-oxide 1 Etorphine 4 Conc. of poppy straw Fentanyl 57 AOA 52 831 Morphine 7 729 Dihydrocodeine 1

2

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Diphenoxylate 400 Morphine 7 698 Ethylmorphine 44 773 Oxycodone 2 110 Etorphine 5 Pethidine 17 400 Fentanyl 609 460 Remifentanil 175 Heroin 253 Bosnia and Herzegovina Hydrocodone 500 Alfentanil 25 Hydromorphone 22 809 Cannabis 3 Methadone 453 084 Cannabis resin 3 Morphine 156 649 Cocaine 3 MT-45 1 Codeine 3 525 Nicomorphine 1 Fentanyl 1 100 Opium 117 836 Heroin 3 Oripavine 2 Methadone 25 650 Oxycodone 341 028 Morphine 7 000 Pethidine 27 373 Oxycodone 5 Phenoperidine 55 Pethidine 550 Pholcodine 52 637 Pholcodine 21 000 Piritramide 20 000 Remifentanil 25 Remifentanil 300 Sufentanil 5 Sufentanil 100 Thebaine 1 Thebaine 3 Botswana Tilidine 2 017 465 Alfentanil 9 Belize Codeine 18 000 Cocaine 100 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 Codeine 10 000 Etorphine 20 Dextropropoxyphene 4 000 Fentanyl 7 Dihydrocodeine 50 Hydromorphone 1 000 Diphenoxylate 50 Morphine 20 000 Fentanyl 25 Oxycodone 400 Hydrocodone 100 Pethidine 40 000 Hydromorphone 100 Remifentanil 1 Methadone 1 000 Sufentanil 3 Morphine 4 000 Tilidine 300 Oxycodone 250 Brazil Pethidine 4 200 3-Methylfentanyl 10 Benin* 6-Monoacetylmorphine 10 Codeine 1 500 Alfentanil 3 876 Fentanyl 392 Alphaprodine 10 Morphine 1 008 10 Pethidine 3 758 Bezitramide 10 Remifentanil 1 Cannabis 31 120 Sufentanil 2 Cannabis resin 10 Bermuda* Coca leaf 10 Alfentanil 8 Cocaine 20 Cannabis 2 Codeine 8 529 178 Cannabis resin 1 Codeine-N-oxide 10 Cocaine 150 Dextromoramide 10 Codeine 3 750 Dextropropoxyphene 10 Dextromoramide 12 Dihydrocodeine 10 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Diphenoxylate 10 Dihydrocodeine 1 500 Dipipanone 10 Diphenoxylate 110 Ecgonine 10 Dipipanone 1 Ethylmorphine 10 Etorphine 4 Etorphine 10 Fentanyl 45 Fentanyl 12 214 Heroin 1 Heroin 10 Hydrocodone 11 Hydrocodone 10 Hydromorphone 113 Hydromorphone 6 332 Methadone 3 000 Ketobemidone 10 Morphine 1 125 10 Oxycodone 640 Methadone 131 764 Oxymorphone 1 Morphine 2 703 130 Pethidine 2 250 Morphine-N-oxide 10 Pholcodine 75 Nicomorphine 10 Remifentanil 15 Norcodeine 10 Bhutan Normethadone 10 Codeine 1 500 Opium 226 088 Etorphine 3 Oxycodone 202 995 Fentanyl 1 Oxymorphone 10 Morphine 700 Pethidine 854 244 Pethidine 1 300 Pethidine intermediate B 10 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Phenoperidine 10 Codeine 340 000 Pholcodine 10 Fentanyl 257 Piritramide 10 Methadone 9 10

3

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Remifentanil 7 067 Morphine 10 000 Sufentanil 55 Oxycodone 2 250 Thebaine 10 Pethidine 500 Tilidine 10 Cameroon* British Virgin Islands Codeine 42 000 Codeine 270 Fentanyl 9 Dihydrocodeine 40 Morphine 8 000 Diphenoxylate 20 Pethidine 14 000 Fentanyl 17 Pholcodine 3 000 Hydromorphone 3 Canada Morphine 200 3-Methylfentanyl 40 Oxycodone 170 3-Methylthiofentanyl 40 Pethidine 700 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl 10 Brunei Darussalam 115 Alfentanil 2 Alfentanil 250 Codeine 7 000 25 Dihydrocodeine 1 500 140 Fentanyl 50 12 Morphine 1 200 Alpha-methylfentanyl 44 Oxycodone 200 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 40 Pethidine 1 300 Alphaprodine 23 Pholcodine 1 500 Anileridine 7 Remifentanil 3 330 Bulgaria Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 18 Alfentanil 20 Betameprodine 20 Cocaine 1 Cannabis 67 289 650 Codeine 4 736 389 Cannabis resin 25 000 Codeine-N-oxide 5 Coca leaf 25 000 Dextromoramide 2 Cocaine 25 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Codeine 23 000 000 Dihydrocodeine 23 231 Desomorphine 95 Ecgonine 3 Dextromoramide 50 Ethylmorphine 14 630 Dextropropoxyphene 258 Fentanyl 600 100 Heroin 2 Difenoxin 4 Hydrocodone 2 Dihydrocodeine 10 Hydromorphone 2 57 Isomethadone 8 20 Methadone 134 360 100 Morphine 76 853 Diphenoxylate 25 020 Morphine-N-oxide 3 Dipipanone 50 Normorphine 2 Ecgonine 8 Opium 20 25 Oxycodone 114 068 Ethylmorphine 15 Oxymorphone 2 Etorphine 4 Pethidine 18 664 50 Piritramide 1 500 Fentanyl 150 000 Remifentanil 35 50 Sufentanil 20 Heroin 24 000 Tilidine 25 046 Hydrocodone 200 000 Burkina Faso 17 Fentanyl 12 Hydromorphone 2 400 000 Morphine 1 690 Isomethadone 55 Oxycodone 5 Ketobemidone 30 Sufentanil 2 10 Burundi Levorphanol 75 Codeine 1 000 Methadone 2 750 000 Fentanyl 30 50 Morphine 5 000 Morphine 4 750 000 Pethidine 1 000 Morphine-N-oxide 12 Cabo Verde MPPP 50 Alfentanil 2 Norcodeine 6 Cannabis 2 Normethadone 300 000 Cannabis resin 1 Normorphine 12 Cocaine 1 Opium 10 000 Codeine 42 Oripavine 12 750 Fentanyl 8 Oxycodone 12 000 000 Heroin 1 Oxymorphone 75 000 Methadone 9 Para-fluorofentanyl 1 Morphine 270 Pethidine 1 000 000 Pethidine 200 1 Cambodia* Phenoperidine 25 Codeine 230 000 Pholcodine 100 Fentanyl 38 50 Methadone 11 250 Piritramide 25

4

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Racemoramide 105 Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of 4 China Remifentanil 550 Alfentanil 20 Sufentanil 250 Alphacetylmethadol 1 1 Anileridine 1 Thebaine 12 100 Cannabis 4 Thiofentanyl 20 Cannabis resin 2 Tilidine 18 Coca leaf 2 Cayman Islands Cocaine 7 500 Alfentanil 1 Codeine 4 501 000 Cannabis 4 Codeine-N-oxide 1 Cocaine 30 Desomorphine 1 Codeine 36 Dextromoramide 5 Dihydrocodeine 40 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Fentanyl 40 Dihydrocodeine 514 000 Heroin 35 Diphenoxylate 12 050 Hydrocodone 240 Dipipanone 500 Hydromorphone 80 Ecgonine 2 Methadone 35 Ethylmorphine 30 050 Morphine 600 1 Oxycodone 900 Etorphine 4 Oxymorphone 275 Fentanyl 250 Pethidine 2 250 Heroin 15 Remifentanil 4 Hydrocodone 150 Central African Republic* Hydromorphone 2 000 Codeine 15 000 Levomethorphan 1 Fentanyl 3 Levorphanol 1 Methadone 1 500 Methadone 180 000 Morphine 6 000 Morphine 32 000 Pethidine 4 000 Norcodeine 1 Chad Normethadone 250 Codeine 105 Normorphine 1 Fentanyl 341 Opium 25 000 Morphine 249 Oxycodone 10 500 Chile Oxymorphone 1 Alfentanil 12 Pethidine 34 000 Cannabis 12 000 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Cocaine 40 Phenazocine 1 Codeine 1 012 455 Pholcodine 5 001 000 Ethylmorphine 4 500 Racemethorphan 1 Fentanyl 7 982 Remifentanil 100 Methadone 22 500 Sufentanil 10 Morphine 190 000 Thebaine 2 Oripavine 3 Macao Special Administrative Region of Oxycodone 8 200 China Pethidine 35 000 3-Monoacetylmorphine 2 Remifentanil 666 6-Monoacetylmorphine 2 Sufentanil 2 Alfentanil 5 China Alphaprodine 2 Alfentanil 5 Anileridine 2 Cannabis 5 Bezitramide 2 Cocaine 5 000 Cannabis 4 Codeine 7 350 000 Cannabis resin 3 Conc. of poppy straw 25 030 000 Coca leaf 2 AMA 20 000 Cocaine 3 Dihydrocodeine 1 134 175 Codeine 4 100 Diphenoxylate 2 820 000 Dextromoramide 2 Etorphine 50 Dextropropoxyphene 2 Fentanyl 85 000 Difenoxin 2 Hydrocodone 20 320 Dihydrocodeine 2 000 Hydromorphone 10 000 Diphenoxylate 80 Methadone 3 100 000 Dipipanone 2 Morphine 11 965 698 Ecgonine 2 Opium 10 800 000 Ethylmorphine 2 Oripavine 50 Etorphine 2 Oxycodone 1 081 954 Fentanyl 70 Oxymorphone 55 000 Heroin 3 Pethidine 1 800 000 Hydrocodone 2 Pholcodine 1 363 710 Hydromorphone 2 Remifentanil 40 000 Ketobemidone 2 Sufentanil 20 000 Levorphanol 2 Thebaine 700 000 Methadone 10 000 Tilidine 150 000 Morphine 5 000 Morphine-3-B-D-glucuronide 2 Nicomorphine 2

5

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Norcodeine 2 Methadone 7 247 Normethadone 2 Morphine 40 588 Opium 2 Oxycodone 8 024 Oripavine 2 Pethidine 566 Oxycodone 220 Côte d'Ivoire Oxymorphone 2 Cocaine 1 Pethidine 3 700 Codeine 99 520 Phenoperidine 1 500 Fentanyl 56 Pholcodine 2 Heroin 1 Piritramide 2 Methadone 1 Remifentanil 11 Morphine 612 Sufentanil 2 Pholcodine 17 710 Thebacon 2 Sufentanil 5 Thebaine 3 Croatia Tilidine 2 Alfentanil 100 Christmas Island Cannabis 5 000 Fentanyl 1 Cocaine 500 Hydromorphone 6 Codeine 195 071 Morphine 22 Codeine-N-oxide 15 Oxycodone 45 Dihydrocodeine 1 Pethidine 1 Ecgonine 6 Cocos (Keeling) Islands Ethylmorphine 1 Codeine 1 Fentanyl 3 626 Fentanyl 1 Heroin 5 Morphine 2 Hydrocodone 3 001 Oxycodone 2 Hydromorphone 3 001 Pethidine 6 Methadone 79 949 Colombia Methadone intermediate 15 Alfentanil 5 Morphine 70 000 Cannabis 49 500 000 Morphine-N-oxide 15 Cannabis resin 14 000 000 Oxycodone 23 966 Cocaine 70 Oxymorphone 3 001 Codeine 2 900 000 Pethidine 3 927 Codeine-N-oxide 5 Pholcodine 14 628 Dihydrocodeine 1 330 000 Remifentanil 10 Diphenoxylate 42 000 Sufentanil 6 Ecgonine 20 Cuba* Etorphine 6 Codeine 194 250 Fentanyl 4 464 Etorphine 2 Heroin 15 Fentanyl 402 Hydrocodone 216 328 Morphine 25 313 Hydromorphone 9 400 Pethidine 11 745 Methadone 66 248 Curaçao Morphine 78 000 6-Acetylmorphine 1 Oxycodone 85 441 Alfentanil 5 Oxymorphone 6 Bezitramide 2 Pethidine 33 000 Cannabis 3 Remifentanil 2 450 Cocaine 200 Sufentanil 6 Codeine 10 000 Thebaine 6 Dextromoramide 5 Comoros Fentanyl 125 Dextromoramide 4 Heroin 1 Fentanyl 1 Hydrocodone 5 Morphine 116 Methadone 20 Sufentanil 1 Morphine 750 Congo* Nicomorphine 5 Codeine 3 000 Opium 25 Fentanyl 4 Oxycodone 50 Morphine 2 100 Pethidine 850 Pethidine 3 000 Piritramide 250 Cook Islands Remifentanil 3 Codeine 80 Sufentanil 2 Fentanyl 2 Cyprus Methadone 3 Alfentanil 5 Morphine 308 Cannabis 1 Oxycodone 34 Cannabis resin 1 Pethidine 81 Cocaine 1 Costa Rica Codeine 173 107 Cannabis 2 Dextropropoxyphene 25 000 Cocaine 10 Dihydrocodeine 2 000 Codeine 1 158 965 Diphenoxylate 2 017 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Etorphine 2 Diphenoxylate 1 000 Fentanyl 315 Fentanyl 322 Heroin 1 Heroin 10 Hydrocodone 1

6

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Hydromorphone 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 Methadone 219 12 Morphine 3 837 Dihydromorphine 505 Oxycodone 421 643 Diphenoxylate 1 199 Oxymorphone 1 Ecgonine 1 Pethidine 11 617 Ethylmorphine 834 Remifentanil 107 Etorphine 20 Sufentanil 40 Fentanyl 14 747 Thebaine 2 Heroin 50 000 Czechia Hydrocodone 10 000 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Hydromorphinol 2 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Hydromorphone 62 784 Alfentanil 159 Ketobemidone 32 235 Cannabis 95 000 Levorphanol 2 Cannabis resin 15 Methadone 315 589 Cocaine 3 000 Methadone intermediate 2 Codeine 607 482 Morphine 722 626 Codeine-N-oxide 5 Morphine-N-oxide 2 Desomorphine 1 MPPP 3 Dihydrocodeine 10 Nicomorphine 2 203 Dihydromorphine 5 Norcodeine 2 Ecgonine 10 Opium 64 600 Ethylmorphine 3 188 Oripavine 1 262 Etorphine 4 Oxycodone 373 023 Fentanyl 8 175 Oxymorphone 676 200 Heroin 5 Para-fluorofentanyl 1 Hydrocodone 40 Pethidine 90 175 Hydromorphone 16 318 Pethidine intermediate B 9 Methadone 27 001 Pethidine intermediate C 1 Morphine 65 793 Pholcodine 25 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Remifentanil 2 165 Norcodeine 5 Sufentanil 27 Normorphine 10 Thebaine 1 375 000 Opium 3 501 Tilidine 1 Oripavine 5 Djibouti* Oxycodone 156 523 Alfentanil 1 Oxymorphone 5 Fentanyl 1 Para-fluorofentanyl 1 Morphine 800 Pethidine 49 011 Remifentanil 1 Piritramide 13 771 Sufentanil 1 Remifentanil 20 Dominica* Sufentanil 75 Codeine 82 Thebaine 3 096 813 Dihydrocodeine 54 Tilidine 10 Fentanyl 2 Democratic People's Republic of Korea Hydrocodone 10 Cocaine 1 000 Methadone 83 Codeine 20 000 Morphine 365 Dihydroetorphine 3 Pethidine 612 Diphenoxylate 50 Dominican Republic Ethylmorphine 1 500 Alfentanil 200 Fentanyl 500 Codeine 200 000 Morphine 20 000 Dihydrocodeine 500 Opium 600 000 Fentanyl 350 Democratic Republic of the Congo* Hydrocodone 1 000 Alfentanil 8 Hydromorphone 1 000 Codeine 70 000 Methadone 1 000 Dextropropoxyphene 22 500 Morphine 15 000 Diphenoxylate 7 500 Oxycodone 6 000 Fentanyl 75 Oxymorphone 500 Methadone 23 Pethidine 2 000 Morphine 40 000 Remifentanil 150 Pethidine 20 000 Ecuador Sufentanil 4 Cannabis 10 Denmark Cannabis resin 10 Alfentanil 635 Cocaine 10 Cannabis 120 000 Codeine 150 562 Cocaine 5 827 Diphenoxylate 35 000 Codeine 839 886 Fentanyl 400 Codeine-N-oxide 2 Heroin 10 Conc. of poppy straw Methadone 506 ACA 1 500 000 Morphine 15 187 AMA 300 000 Oxycodone 11 000 ATA 110 015 Remifentanil 1 000 Desomorphine 1 Egypt Dextropropoxyphene 1 982 Codeine 400 000

7

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Morphine 86 Dihydrocodeine 3 000 Pethidine 65 Diphenoxylate 5 000 Pholcodine 12 Fentanyl 3 000 Remifentanil 2 Hydrocodone 5 000 Fiji Hydromorphone 2 000 Codeine 200 Morphine 18 000 Fentanyl 24 Oxycodone 20 000 Methadone 12 Pethidine 90 000 Morphine 1 393 Pholcodine 200 000 Oxycodone 11 Remifentanil 30 Pethidine 2 724 Sufentanil 50 Finland El Salvador 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Codeine 405 000 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Fentanyl 310 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Hydrocodone 555 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Methadone 2 000 AH-7921 1 Morphine 21 500 Alfentanil 239 Opium 7 090 Alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Oxycodone 9 000 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 1 Pethidine 17 000 Beta-hydroxy-3-methyl fentanyl 1 Remifentanil 51 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Equatorial Guinea* Cannabis 75 000 Cocaine 150 Cocaine 8 000 Codeine 263 Codeine 1 766 785 Diphenoxylate 75 Desomorphine 1 Fentanyl 113 Dextropropoxyphene 59 Methadone 263 Dihydrocodeine 1 Tilidine 263 Dihydromorphine 1 Eritrea* Ecgonine 1 Codeine 6 500 Ethylmorphine 61 861 Fentanyl 1 Etorphine 1 Morphine 3 000 Fentanyl 33 426 Pethidine 5 000 Heroin 1 Estonia Hydrocodone 5 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Hydromorphone 1 500 Alfentanil 2 Levomethorphan 1 Cannabis 9 500 Methadone 80 166 Cannabis resin 3 Morphine 88 630 Cocaine 1 311 MPPP 1 Codeine 600 Norcodeine 2 Desomorphine 1 Normethadone 2 Dihydrocodeine 500 Opium 5 372 Dihydromorphine 500 Oxycodone 342 046 Ecgonine 3 Oxymorphone 1 Ethylmorphine 265 Para-fluorofentanyl 1 Etorphine 4 Pethidine 3 000 Fentanyl 599 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Heroin 2 Pholcodine 7 Hydrocodone 100 Remifentanil 600 Hydromorphone 100 Sufentanil 6 Methadone 27 885 France Morphine 15 050 Alfentanil 2 319 Opium 2 Alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Oripavine 1 000 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 1 Oxycodone 16 929 Alphaprodine 3 Oxymorphone 500 Anileridine 3 Pethidine 7 812 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Remifentanil 16 Bezitramide 3 Sufentanil 2 Cannabis 700 000 Thebaine 900 Cannabis resin 200 Ethiopia Coca leaf 6 922 Codeine 50 000 Cocaine 4 508 Diphenoxylate 30 Codeine 39 930 499 Fentanyl 9 Codeine-N-oxide 53 Methadone 65 Conc. of poppy straw Morphine 250 000 ACA 22 787 787 Pethidine 55 000 AMA 64 436 340 Falkland Islands (Malvinas) AOA 279 100 Alfentanil 2 ATA 33 586 888 Codeine 412 Dextromoramide 3 Dihydrocodeine 90 Dextropropoxyphene 10 200 Fentanyl 6 Difenoxin 3 Heroin 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 922 322 Methadone 1 Diphenoxylate 100

8

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Dipipanone 25 176 Allylprodine 1 Ecgonine 1 Alphacetylmethadol 1 Ethylmorphine 309 753 Alphameprodine 1 Etorphine 10 Alphamethadol 1 Fentanyl 99 805 Alphaprodine 1 Heroin 300 1 Hydrocodone 100 1 Hydromorphone 303 167 Betameprodine 1 Ketobemidone 2 920 1 Levorphanol 3 Betaprodine 1 Methadone 1 387 103 Bezitramide 1 Morphine 104 743 064 Cocaine 1 Morphine-N-oxide 3 Codeine 2 500 Nicomorphine 3 Desomorphine 1 Norcodeine 3 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Normethadone 3 Dihydrocodeine 1 Opium 16 001 000 Dihydromorphine 1 Oripavine 200 Ecgonine 1 Oxycodone 19 445 470 Ethylmorphine 1 Oxymorphone 200 Etorphine 3 Para-fluorofentanyl 1 Fentanyl 94 Pethidine 66 797 Heroin 1 Phenoperidine 3 Hydrocodone 1 Pholcodine 2 429 738 Hydromorphone 1 Piritramide 3 Ketobemidone 1 Remifentanil 3 000 Levomethorphan 1 Sufentanil 1 043 Levorphanol 1 Thebacon 3 1 Thebaine 20 790 528 Methadone 67 000 Tilidine 100 Morphine 211 607 French Polynesia Morphine-3-B-D-glucuronide 1 Alfentanil 20 1 Cannabis 1 Norcodeine 1 Cocaine 10 1 Codeine 1 Normethadone 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 Normorphine 1 Ethylmorphine 1 Oxycodone 1 205 Fentanyl 250 Oxymorphone 1 Hydromorphone 5 Pethidine 10 Methadone 150 Racemethorphan 1 Morphine 3 000 Racemorphan 1 Oxycodone 100 Remifentanil 60 Pethidine 60 Sufentanil 1 Pholcodine 1 Thebaine 1 Remifentanil 10 Thiofentanyl 1 Sufentanil 2 Tilidine 1 Gabon* Trimeperidine 2 073 Alfentanil 1 Germany Cocaine 1 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Codeine 1 300 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 1 Dextromoramide 1 Cannabis 10 758 959 Dextropropoxyphene 416 Cocaine 5 231 Fentanyl 6 Codeine 8 661 550 Morphine 180 Desomorphine 1 Oxycodone 8 Dextromoramide 11 Pethidine 346 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Phenoperidine 2 Dihydrocodeine 88 400 Sufentanil 1 Dihydromorphine 10 Gambia Diphenoxylate 6 816 Codeine 188 Dipipanone 1 Dextropropoxyphene 188 Ecgonine 5 Dihydrocodeine 188 Ethylmorphine 25 Fentanyl 38 Etorphine 10 Methadone 4 Fentanyl 587 845 Morphine 248 Heroin 245 653 Pethidine 1 000 Hydrocodone 12 041 Georgia Hydromorphinol 1 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Hydromorphone 890 807 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Ketobemidone 87 826 6-Acetylmorphine 1 Levomethorphan 1 1 Methadone 4 350 042 Acetyldihydrocodeine 1 Morphine 2 981 841 Acetylmethadol 1 Morphine-N-oxide 1 AH-7921 1 MPPP 1 Alfentanil 1 Norcodeine 1

9

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Normorphine 1 Guinea -Bissau* Opium 450 000 Fentanyl 1 Oripavine 6 000 101 Morphine 1 500 Oxycodone 4 212 055 Pethidine 1 000 Oxymorphone 2 004 180 Guyana* Pethidine 500 000 Cocaine 1 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Codeine 62 101 Pholcodine 101 Fentanyl 2 Piritramide 165 109 Heroin 1 Remifentanil 19 583 Hydrocodone 1 Sufentanil 3 813 Hydromorphone 1 Thebaine 4 650 967 Methadone 750 Tilidine 53 000 000 Morphine 3 000 Ghana Oxycodone 1 Cocaine 10 Oxymorphone 1 Codeine 100 000 Pethidine 7 875 Dextropropoxyphene 500 Pholcodine 3 000 Dihydrocodeine 20 000 Remifentanil 1 Fentanyl 10 Haiti Heroin 2 Codeine 9 250 Methadone 2 Fentanyl 24 Morphine 10 000 Morphine 8 735 Opium 10 Honduras Oxycodone 200 Codeine 20 150 Pethidine 100 000 Fentanyl 161 Remifentanil 20 Morphine 1 438 Thebaine 1 Oxycodone 3 632 Gibraltar Pethidine 2 986 Alfentanil 2 Hungary Cannabis 1 780 Alfentanil 10 Cocaine 15 Cocaine 3 100 Dihydrocodeine 10 Codeine 15 490 846 Fentanyl 178 Codeine-N-oxide 5 Heroin 45 Conc. of poppy straw Hydromorphone 9 ACA 275 600 Methadone 9 AMA 3 809 028 Morphine 577 ATA 6 924 953 Oxycodone 961 Dextropropoxyphene 5 Pethidine 5 Difenoxin 1 Remifentanil 4 Dihydrocodeine 212 000 Greece Diphenoxylate 15 000 Codeine 442 095 Ethylmorphine 58 000 Fentanyl 9 001 Etorphine 2 Methadone 36 000 Fentanyl 10 595 Morphine 1 000 Heroin 2 Oxycodone 2 000 Hydromorphone 2 305 Oxymorphone 10 Methadone 9 510 Pethidine 26 700 Morphine 15 007 490 Remifentanil 1 233 Morphine-N-oxide 2 Grenada* Oxycodone 2 872 197 Alfentanil 1 Oxymorphone 1 985 950 Cocaine 8 Pethidine 5 550 Codeine 188 Pholcodine 139 999 Dihydrocodeine 60 Remifentanil 1 Fentanyl 2 Sufentanil 4 Hydrocodone 4 Thebaine 8 869 440 Methadone 19 Iceland Morphine 338 Alfentanil 1 Pethidine 375 Cannabis 90 Guatemala Codeine 120 000 Alfentanil 3 Fentanyl 500 Codeine 178 975 Hydromorphone 110 Diphenoxylate 8 500 Ketobemidone 650 Fentanyl 347 Methadone 450 Hydrocodone 12 500 Morphine 10 000 Methadone 3 750 Oxycodone 10 000 Morphine 4 148 Pethidine 450 Oxycodone 21 926 Remifentanil 8 Pethidine 27 000 Sufentanil 1 Remifentanil 10 Tilidine 30 000 Guinea* India Codeine 9 000 Cannabis 10 Fentanyl 25 Cocaine 3 Morphine 3 000 Codeine 65 000 000 Pethidine 8 000 Conc. of poppy straw

10

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

AMA 4 958 410 Thebacon 1 Difenoxin 5 Thebaine 1 000 Dihydrocodeine 5 475 499 Tilidine 10 Diphenoxylate 14 100 000 Iraq* Ecgonine 2 Codeine 2 500 000 Ethylmorphine 576 091 Diphenoxylate 431 250 Etorphine 4 Fentanyl 225 Fentanyl 13 750 Morphine 8 000 Heroin 3 Pethidine 65 000 Hydrocodone 10 000 Remifentanil 57 Hydromorphone 100 Ireland Methadone 3 179 662 Alfentanil 197 Morphine 14 650 000 Cannabis 70 Morphine-N-oxide 10 Cannabis resin 10 Normethadone 10 000 Coca leaf 10 Normorphine 10 Cocaine 2 499 Opium 455 000 000 Codeine 5 500 000 Oripavine 80 000 Conc. of poppy straw Oxycodone 27 047 ATA 18 001 000 Oxymorphone 5 Dextromoramide 1 000 Pethidine 659 120 Dextropropoxyphene 1 811 000 Pholcodine 359 190 Dihydrocodeine 245 774 Remifentanil 1 650 Dipipanone 550 Sufentanil 30 Ethylmorphine 10 Thebaine 2 396 881 Etorphine 10 Tilidine 130 510 Fentanyl 8 000 Trimeperidine 295 615 Heroin 10 Indonesia Hydrocodone 3 500 Acetylfentanyl 1 Hydromorphone 5 678 Cannabis 2 Levorphanol 10 Cannabis resin 2 Methadone 246 122 Cocaine 2 Methadone intermediate 10 Codeine 1 784 936 Morphine 100 000 Fentanyl 1 917 Morphine-N-oxide 10 Heroin 4 Norcodeine 2 Hydromorphone 1 980 Normorphine 10 Methadone 105 757 Opium 1 200 Morphine 39 475 Oripavine 308 670 Oxycodone 3 500 Oxycodone 192 433 Pethidine 173 114 Oxymorphone 10 Sufentanil 2 Pethidine 18 000 Iran (Islamic Republic of) Pholcodine 271 220 Alfentanil 700 Remifentanil 515 Alphaprodine 2 Sufentanil 10 Anileridine 2 Thebaine 183 296 Cannabis 100 Israel Cannabis resin 10 Alfentanil 3 Coca leaf 2 Cannabis 8 000 000 Cocaine 100 Cocaine 1 573 Codeine 26 000 000 Codeine 1 206 640 Conc. of poppy straw Codeine-N-oxide 5 AMA 10 000 000 Dextropropoxyphene 534 810 Dextromoramide 10 Etorphine 4 Dextropropoxyphene 100 Fentanyl 12 162 Difenoxin 2 Heroin 10 Dihydrocodeine 5 000 Hydrocodone 5 Diphenoxylate 1 200 000 Hydromorphone 626 Dipipanone 1 Levomethorphan 1 Ethylmorphine 100 Methadone 286 381 Etorphine 2 Morphine 60 000 Fentanyl 550 Morphine-N-oxide 5 Heroin 50 Opium 40 Hydrocodone 50 Oxycodone 395 000 Hydromorphone 50 Pethidine 27 798 Levorphanol 1 Remifentanil 440 Methadone 5 500 000 Italy Morphine 35 000 3-Methylfentanyl 2 Normethadone 1 Alfentanil 50 Opium 155 000 000 Alphaprodine 2 Oxycodone 500 000 Anileridine 2 Oxymorphone 10 Bezitramide 2 Pethidine 510 000 Cannabis 1 100 000 Pholcodine 1 Cocaine 1 096 Remifentanil 625 Codeine 22 700 000 Sufentanil 25 Codeine-N-oxide 11

11

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Conc. of poppy straw Opium 158 046 010 ACA 4 240 611 Oxycodone 1 300 112 AMA 3 837 104 Oxymorphone 3 AOA 5 012 500 Pethidine 116 762 ATA 1 600 000 Racemorphan 1 Dextropropoxyphene 4 Remifentanil 9 528 Difenoxin 3 Sufentanil 2 Dihydrocodeine 537 880 Thebaine 3 026 495 Dihydroetorphine 2 Jordan Dihydromorphine 3 Acetylfentanyl 1 Diphenoxylate 3 Cannabis 5 Dipipanone 3 Cocaine 5 Ecgonine 6 Codeine 50 000 Ethylmorphine 6 Dextropropoxyphene 10 Etorphine 15 Dihydrocodeine 2 500 Fentanyl 63 960 Fentanyl 438 Heroin 35 Heroin 5 Hydrocodone 6 Hydromorphone 250 Hydromorphone 235 831 Methadone 500 Ketobemidone 2 Morphine 47 363 Levomethorphan 1 Oxycodone 3 000 Levorphanol 4 Pethidine 60 543 Methadone 1 540 061 Remifentanil 300 Methadone intermediate 10 Kazakhstan Morphine 2 667 952 3-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Morphine-N-oxide 3 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 MPPP 2 Alfentanil 1 Nicomorphine 3 Alphaprodine 1 Normethadone 3 Anileridine 1 Opium 22 Bezitramide 1 Oripavine 1 778 Cocaine 1 Oxycodone 1 424 022 Codeine 122 809 Oxymorphone 3 952 659 Dextromoramide 1 Pethidine 104 488 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Phenazocine 1 Difenoxin 1 Pholcodine 388 682 Dihydrocodeine 1 Piritramide 12 Diphenoxylate 1 Racemoramide 3 Dipipanone 1 Remifentanil 5 175 Ethylmorphine 451 Sufentanil 100 Etorphine 1 Thebacon 2 334 Fentanyl 113 Thebaine 2 077 742 Heroin 1 Tilidine 6 Hydrocodone 1 Jamaica Hydromorphone 1 Cannabis 8 200 Ketobemidone 1 Cocaine 100 Levorphanol 1 Codeine 42 700 Methadone 28 842 Fentanyl 60 Morphine 134 307 Heroin 2 Nicomorphine 1 Methadone 500 Normethadone 1 Morphine 10 500 Opium 359 Oxycodone 150 Oripavine 1 Pethidine 30 000 Oxycodone 1 Remifentanil 4 Pethidine 1 Japan Phenoperidine 1 Acetylfentanyl 10 Pholcodine 1 Alfentanil 5 Piritramide 1 Cocaine 37 465 Remifentanil 1 Codeine 11 340 000 Sufentanil 1 Conc. of poppy straw Thebacon 1 AMA 25 233 100 Thebaine 55 ATA 82 000 Tilidine 1 Dihydrocodeine 12 646 034 Trimeperidine 56 170 Dihydromorphine 2 Kenya 11 400 Cannabis 1 Ecgonine 3 Cannabis resin 1 Ethylmorphine 22 Cocaine 1 Fentanyl 98 943 Codeine 180 000 Hydrocodone 321 Dihydrocodeine 50 000 Hydromorphone 61 722 Etorphine 15 1 Fentanyl 57 Methadone 34 391 Hydrocodone 75 Morphine 11 658 232 Hydromorphone 54 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Methadone 100 000 Normorphine 1 Morphine 100 000

12

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Oxycodone 750 Morphine 600 Pethidine 80 000 Pethidine 6 000 Remifentanil 38 Liberia Kiribati* Codeine 2 500 Codeine 21 Fentanyl 75 Fentanyl 1 Morphine 488 Morphine 35 Pethidine 25 Pethidine 130 Libya* Kuwait Alfentanil 15 Alfentanil 378 Codeine 3 000 Cannabis 500 Dihydrocodeine 141 Cannabis resin 250 Fentanyl 40 Cocaine 2 Morphine 1 500 Codeine 1 533 Pethidine 15 000 Dextropropoxyphene 200 Remifentanil 2 Diphenoxylate 2 Lithuania Fentanyl 568 Cocaine 4 Heroin 2 Codeine 4 Hydrocodone 200 Dextropropoxyphene 2 Hydromorphone 200 Dihydrocodeine 2 Methadone 346 Ecgonine 2 Morphine 2 760 Fentanyl 1 196 Nicomorphine 2 Heroin 4 Opium 200 Methadone 12 148 Oxycodone 5 000 Morphine 11 897 Pethidine 22 000 Morphine-N-oxide 2 Remifentanil 632 Oripavine 2 Sufentanil 3 Oxycodone 2 869 Kyrgyzstan Oxymorphone 2 Cocaine 1 Pethidine 17 500 Codeine 4 000 Remifentanil 12 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Thebaine 2 Ethylmorphine 1 Trimeperidine 1 002 Fentanyl 40 Luxembourg Methadone 35 000 Alfentanil 12 Morphine 5 000 Cannabis 18 000 Thebaine 1 Cocaine 500 Trimeperidine 10 500 Codeine 50 Lao People's Democratic Republic Fentanyl 1 000 Cannabis 1 Heroin 10 000 Cocaine 1 Hydromorphone 900 Codeine 25 000 Methadone 12 000 Fentanyl 9 Morphine 10 000 Heroin 200 Opium 350 Morphine 1 634 Oxycodone 7 000 Opium 1 Pethidine 500 Pethidine 7 500 Piritramide 1 800 Latvia Remifentanil 130 Alfentanil 27 Sufentanil 15 Cannabis 1 Tilidine 60 000 Cocaine 1 Madagascar Codeine 290 Alfentanil 55 Fentanyl 3 610 Codeine 44 851 Heroin 1 Fentanyl 64 Hydrocodone 2 Morphine 14 862 Hydromorphone 1 837 Opium 212 356 Methadone 29 846 Pethidine 802 Oxycodone 1 770 Sufentanil 20 Oxymorphone 2 Malawi Pethidine 1 048 Alfentanil 4 Remifentanil 5 Codeine 25 000 Sufentanil 49 Fentanyl 4 Thebaine 1 Morphine 40 000 Trimeperidine 4 000 Pethidine 60 000 Lebanon Sufentanil 2 Alfentanil 11 Malaysia Codeine 155 000 Alfentanil 12 Fentanyl 300 Cannabis 30 Morphine 7 500 Cannabis resin 10 Oxycodone 2 000 Cocaine 6 790 Pethidine 20 000 Codeine 128 117 Remifentanil 150 Dihydrocodeine 75 178 Sufentanil 5 Diphenoxylate 87 686 Lesotho* Etorphine 3 Fentanyl 1 Fentanyl 800

13

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Heroin 10 Fentanyl 9 474 Hydrocodone 10 Heroin 15 Hydromorphone 10 Hydrocodone 5 007 Levomethorphan 1 Hydromorphone 14 258 Methadone 550 000 Ketobemidone 1 Morphine 60 000 Levorphanol 1 Oxycodone 21 000 Methadone 459 401 Oxymorphone 10 Morphine 589 000 Pethidine 100 000 Opium 2 Pholcodine 120 000 Oripavine 1 Remifentanil 150 Oxycodone 415 000 Sufentanil 1 Oxymorphone 10 Thebaine 10 Pethidine 4 Maldives Pholcodine 1 Fentanyl 29 Remifentanil 654 Methadone 2 500 Sufentanil 807 Morphine 194 Thebaine 50 Pethidine 507 Tilidine 1 Mali Micronesia (Federated States of) Alfentanil 1 Codeine 1 845 Codeine 5 253 Fentanyl 5 Fentanyl 55 Morphine 153 Morphine 8 212 Oxycodone 12 Oxycodone 8 169 Pethidine 198 Pethidine 150 Mongolia Remifentanil 2 Codeine 4 074 Sufentanil 2 Fentanyl 30 Malta Morphine 10 190 Alfentanil 51 Oxycodone 702 Cannabis 1 Trimeperidine 1 100 Cocaine 1 Montenegro Codeine 3 Cannabis 3 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 000 Cannabis resin 2 Fentanyl 34 Cocaine 1 Heroin 30 Fentanyl 350 Methadone 23 666 Heroin 1 Morphine 5 590 Methadone 4 000 Oxycodone 3 Morphine 321 Pethidine 4 463 Pethidine 120 Remifentanil 6 Remifentanil 7 Sufentanil 2 Montserrat Marshall Islands* Codeine 77 Codeine 97 Morphine 3 Fentanyl 1 Pethidine 12 Morphine 75 Morocco Pethidine 166 Alfentanil 75 Mauritania* Codeine 2 257 934 Codeine 4 000 Fentanyl 735 Fentanyl 8 Methadone 78 000 Morphine 4 000 Morphine 37 303 Mauritius Oxycodone 6 575 Alfentanil 1 Pholcodine 134 757 Fentanyl 20 Remifentanil 6 Methadone 80 000 Sufentanil 41 Morphine 1 500 Thebaine 20 Pethidine 10 500 Mozambique* Remifentanil 7 Codeine 27 800 Sufentanil 1 Diphenoxylate 17 050 Mexico Etorphine 4 Alfentanil 1 Fentanyl 525 Alphaprodine 1 Morphine 43 600 Anileridine 1 Pethidine 24 600 Bezitramide 1 Pholcodine 750 Cannabis 2 Myanmar Cannabis resin 5 Codeine 35 805 Coca leaf 1 Fentanyl 6 Cocaine 27 Methadone 755 900 Codeine 230 024 Morphine 10 098 Dextromoramide 1 Opium 5 000 Dextropropoxyphene 2 000 402 Oxycodone 3 000 Difenoxin 1 Pethidine 14 719 Dihydrocodeine 1 Namibia Diphenoxylate 1 Alfentanil 12 Dipipanone 1 Cocaine 500 Etorphine 11 Codeine 1 350

14

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Dihydrocodeine 10 Oxycodone 3 531 Dipipanone 10 Remifentanil 20 Etorphine 20 Sufentanil 6 Fentanyl 100 New Zealand Hydromorphone 350 Alfentanil 109 Methadone 15 Cannabis 5 000 Morphine 10 000 Cannabis resin 5 Oxycodone 1 000 Cocaine 4 000 Pethidine 15 000 Codeine 1 400 000 Remifentanil 15 Dextromoramide 14 Sufentanil 2 Dextropropoxyphene 40 Tilidine 700 Difenoxin 3 Nauru Dihydrocodeine 250 000 Codeine 60 Diphenoxylate 10 Fentanyl 2 Dipipanone 1 Morphine 25 Ethylmorphine 100 Oxycodone 70 Etorphine 3 Pethidine 90 Fentanyl 5 000 Nepal Heroin 10 Codeine 498 772 Hydrocodone 1 Dextropropoxyphene 3 000 Hydromorphone 35 Etorphine 5 Methadone 400 000 Fentanyl 159 Morphine 280 000 Methadone 40 250 Opium 15 000 Morphine 37 356 Oxycodone 230 000 Pethidine 47 462 Oxymorphone 5 Pholcodine 1 500 Pethidine 30 000 Netherlands Pholcodine 56 000 AH-7921 1 Remifentanil 120 Alfentanil 239 Sufentanil 1 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 1 Thebaine 400 Alphaprodine 1 Nicaragua Anileridine 1 Codeine 19 500 Coca leaf 134 150 Dextropropoxyphene 19 500 Cocaine 36 394 Fentanyl 260 Codeine 269 084 Morphine 10 800 Conc. of poppy straw Oxycodone 8 000 AOA 5 000 Niger* ATA 5 000 Codeine 12 000 Dextromoramide 892 Fentanyl 9 Difenoxin 1 Morphine 11 500 Dihydrocodeine 100 Pethidine 11 000 Dihydroetorphine 1 Nigeria Dipipanone 1 Cocaine 375 Ecgonine 5 Codeine 4 240 000 Ethylmorphine 100 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 Etorphine 5 Diphenoxylate 20 000 Fentanyl 42 000 Etorphine 8 Heroin 132 758 Fentanyl 38 Hydrocodone 500 Hydromorphone 1 000 Hydromorphone 2 256 Methadone 5 000 Methadone 58 901 Morphine 30 000 Morphine 140 899 Oxycodone 5 000 Morphine-N-oxide 5 Oxymorphone 5 000 Nicomorphine 1 114 Pethidine 30 000 Opium 11 641 Pholcodine 30 000 Oripavine 25 000 Niue Oxycodone 540 116 Codeine 30 Oxymorphone 785 Fentanyl 1 Pethidine 33 808 Morphine 2 Pholcodine 50 100 Oxycodone 1 Piritramide 16 121 Pethidine 15 Racemoramide 1 Norfolk Island Remifentanil 700 Codeine 25 Sufentanil 63 Fentanyl 10 Thebaine 35 841 Hydromorphone 1 Tilidine 1 Morphine 5 New Caledonia Oxycodone 25 Alfentanil 4 Pethidine 3 Cocaine 10 Codeine 10 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Fentanyl 323 Alfentanil 250 Hydromorphone 125 Cannabis 72 040 Methadone 300 Cannabis resin 5 Morphine 5 000 Cocaine 3 030

15

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Codeine 8 215 969 Morphine 3 911 Conc. of poppy straw Oxycodone 36 ACA 1 114 000 Pethidine 22 517 AMA 32 236 165 Paraguay ATA 41 150 Alfentanil 120 Desomorphine 1 Alphaprodine 2 Dextropropoxyphene 51 Cannabis 1 Dihydrocodeine 465 Cocaine 3 Diphenoxylate 1 Codeine 800 000 Ecgonine 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 Ethylmorphine 3 496 Ecgonine 3 Etorphine 2 Ethylmorphine 5 000 Fentanyl 14 142 Fentanyl 3 500 Heroin 18 Heroin 1 Hydrocodone 862 Hydrocodone 1 Hydromorphone 4 000 Hydromorphone 1 Ketobemidone 20 041 Levorphanol 1 Levorphanol 1 Methadone 10 Methadone 149 469 Morphine 60 000 Morphine 2 457 716 Oxycodone 10 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Oxymorphone 1 Norcodeine 1 Pethidine 5 000 Normorphine 1 Remifentanil 700 Opium 23 720 Peru Oxycodone 349 988 Cocaine 500 000 Oxymorphone 1 Codeine 730 000 Para-fluorofentanyl 1 Fentanyl 5 000 Pethidine 34 897 Methadone 1 500 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Morphine 60 000 Pholcodine 195 698 Oxycodone 70 000 Remifentanil 722 Pethidine 50 000 Sufentanil 3 Remifentanil 1 600 Thebaine 2 Philippines Oman Cocaine 2 Alfentanil 1 Codeine 2 Cocaine 1 Fentanyl 500 Codeine 3 266 418 Heroin 2 Fentanyl 573 Methadone 2 Heroin 1 Morphine 50 000 Methadone 141 Oxycodone 30 000 Morphine 9 554 Pethidine 30 000 Pethidine 17 749 Remifentanil 50 Remifentanil 53 Poland Sufentanil 1 Alfentanil 5 Pakistan Cannabis 40 000 Codeine 1 879 842 Cocaine 100 Diphenoxylate 1 000 867 Codeine 8 700 000 Fentanyl 750 Codeine-N-oxide 6 Morphine 17 447 Dihydrocodeine 70 000 Oxycodone 75 Diphenoxylate 1 300 Pethidine 40 000 Ecgonine 6 Pholcodine 2 795 920 Ethylmorphine 60 000 Palau Etorphine 100 Codeine 650 Fentanyl 20 000 Fentanyl 3 Heroin 60 Hydrocodone 16 Hydrocodone 400 Methadone 10 Hydromorphone 300 Morphine 85 Methadone 160 000 Oxycodone 160 Methadone intermediate 5 Pethidine 300 Morphine 900 000 Panama Morphine-N-oxide 5 Cocaine 1 Norcodeine 5 Codeine 20 000 Opium 100 000 Ecgonine 1 Oripavine 10 Fentanyl 651 Oxycodone 189 770 Heroin 1 Para-fluorofentanyl 6 Morphine 9 011 Pethidine 160 000 Oxycodone 5 000 Pethidine intermediate B 5 Pethidine 7 821 Pethidine intermediate C 5 Remifentanil 209 Pholcodine 20 000 Papua New Guinea Remifentanil 350 Codeine 1 146 Sufentanil 30 Dextropropoxyphene 133 Thebaine 200 Fentanyl 4 Tilidine 60 000 Methadone 2

16

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Portugal Beta-hydroxy-3-methyl fentanyl 1 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Alfentanil 400 Cannabis 10 000 Cocaine 3 000 Cannabis resin 5 Codeine 2 000 000 Coca leaf 1 Codeine-N-oxide 1 Cocaine 5 Desomorphine 1 Codeine 1 200 000 Ecgonine 1 Desomorphine 1 Ethylmorphine 1 Dextromoramide 1 Etorphine 5 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Fentanyl 15 000 Dihydrocodeine 90 000 Hydromorphone 24 000 Ecgonine 2 Levomethorphan 1 Ethylmorphine 1 Methadone 600 000 Etorphine 1 Morphine 70 000 Fentanyl 4 500 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Heroin 2 Normethadone 1 Hydrocodone 1 Oripavine 1 Hydromorphone 1 Oxycodone 12 000 Levorphanol 1 Pethidine 50 000 Methadone 50 000 Pethidine intermediate A 1 Morphine 80 000 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Nicomorphine 1 Pethidine intermediate C 1 Normethadone 1 Piritramide 1 Oxycodone 50 000 Remifentanil 300 Oxymorphone 1 Sufentanil 50 Pethidine 55 000 Qatar Phenoperidine 1 Codeine 320 Pholcodine 1 Dihydrocodeine 282 Remifentanil 40 Diphenoxylate 42 Sufentanil 5 Etorphine 4 Thebaine 1 Fentanyl 222 Thiofentanyl 1 Hydromorphone 50 Tilidine 4 900 Methadone 372 Russian Federation Morphine 3 367 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Oxycodone 210 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Pethidine 5 845 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Remifentanil 214 Alfentanil 1 Tilidine 300 Beta-hydroxy-3-methyl fentanyl 1 Republic of Korea Cocaine 2 750 Alfentanil 85 Codeine 2 010 000 Cocaine 200 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Codeine 579 838 Dihydrocodeine 140 000 Dihydrocodeine 4 783 559 Ecgonine 1 Fentanyl 22 009 Fentanyl 5 990 Hydrocodone 9 818 Hydrocodone 1 Hydromorphone 47 354 Hydromorphone 1 001 Morphine 194 324 Methadone 1 Oxycodone 948 325 Morphine 169 769 Pethidine 260 304 Oxycodone 50 000 Remifentanil 5 647 Oxymorphone 1 Sufentanil 23 Pethidine 1 Republic of Moldova Pethidine intermediate B 1 Cannabis 1 Racemoramide 1 Cannabis Oil 1 Remifentanil 2 Cannabis resin 1 Sufentanil 1 Cocaine 501 Thebaine 2 401 Codeine 70 000 Thiofentanyl 1 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Trimeperidine 350 000 Fentanyl 405 Rwanda Heroin 501 Codeine 200 Methadone 15 500 Etorphine 10 Morphine 16 788 Fentanyl 320 Thebaine 501 Methadone 20 Trimeperidine 11 000 Morphine 5 700 Romania Pethidine 5 000 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Saint Helena 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Codeine 200 Acetyldihydrocodeine 1 Fentanyl 3 Alfentanil 1 Morphine 91 Alphacetylmethadol 1 Pethidine 40 Alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Pholcodine 40 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 1 Remifentanil 2 Benzylmorphine 1 Saint Kitts and Nevis Betacetylmethadol 1 Codeine 50

17

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Etorphine 1 Seychelles Fentanyl 1 Cannabis 5 Hydromorphone 10 Cannabis resin 4 Morphine 845 Codeine 905 Pethidine 3 300 Fentanyl 2 Saint Lucia Heroin 3 Cannabis 8 Methadone 1 234 Cannabis resin 4 Morphine 800 Cocaine 75 Pethidine 617 Codeine 2 500 Sierra Leone Fentanyl 3 Fentanyl 5 Hydrocodone 74 Morphine 5 000 Methadone 56 Pethidine 10 000 Morphine 450 Singapore Oxycodone 1 Alfentanil 30 Pethidine 1 500 Cannabis 10 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Cannabis resin 5 Cocaine 7 Cocaine 400 Codeine 7 000 Codeine 1 000 000 Fentanyl 3 Desomorphine 1 Morphine 2 560 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Pethidine 4 750 Dihydrocodeine 1 Samoa Diphenoxylate 200 000 Codeine 100 Ecgonine 1 Fentanyl 1 Etorphine 1 Methadone 300 Fentanyl 1 500 Morphine 250 Heroin 10 Oxycodone 1 118 Hydrocodone 10 Pethidine 230 Hydromorphone 200 Sao Tome and Principe* Levomethorphan 1 Morphine 180 Methadone 400 Pethidine 150 Morphine 10 000 Saudi Arabia MT-45 5 Alfentanil 48 Oxycodone 10 000 Cannabis 25 Oxymorphone 1 Codeine 820 055 Pethidine 20 000 Dextropropoxyphene 10 000 Pholcodine 15 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 660 Remifentanil 100 Etorphine 10 Sufentanil 1 Fentanyl 8 500 Thebaine 1 Hydromorphone 15 365 Tilidine 1 Methadone 7 035 Sint Maarten Morphine 210 000 Alfentanil 3 Oxycodone 15 000 Cannabis 1 Oxymorphone 4 000 Codeine 4 000 Pethidine 355 750 Fentanyl 50 Remifentanil 9 200 Hydrocodone 1 Sufentanil 11 Methadone 60 Senegal Morphine 700 Alfentanil 9 Nicomorphine 2 Cocaine 578 Oxycodone 200 Codeine 872 000 Pethidine 400 Etorphine 2 Piritramide 100 Fentanyl 61 Remifentanil 1 Methadone 17 000 Sufentanil 1 Morphine 40 329 Slovakia Opium 610 000 Alfentanil 13 500 Sufentanil 1 Cocaine 200 Serbia Codeine 3 116 500 Alfentanil 115 Conc. of poppy straw Codeine 200 000 AMA 990 000 Fentanyl 4 460 Dihydrocodeine 2 Hydromorphone 4 200 Fentanyl 6 108 Methadone 138 270 Hydrocodone 3 Methadone intermediate 2 Hydromorphone 7 050 Morphine 65 902 Methadone 450 000 Morphine-N-oxide 2 Methadone intermediate 700 000 Oxycodone 5 765 Morphine 18 010 600 Pethidine 1 914 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Pholcodine 7 056 Oxycodone 1 670 000 Remifentanil 36 Oxymorphone 2 Sufentanil 6 Pethidine 1 550 000 Thebaine 1 Pholcodine 2 Tilidine 100 Piritramide 102 000 Remifentanil 2 500

18

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Sufentanil 2 060 Codeine-N-oxide 3 Thebaine 2 000 000 Conc. of poppy straw Tilidine 1 000 ACA 13 953 872 Slovenia AMA 109 592 000 Alfentanil 31 AOA 2 626 515 Cocaine 3 233 ATA 88 297 556 Codeine 202 760 Dihydrocodeine 74 634 Codeine-N-oxide 15 Diphenoxylate 1 Dihydrocodeine 5 000 Ethylmorphine 3 000 Fentanyl 6 000 Etorphine 2 Heroin 5 Fentanyl 153 888 Hydrocodone 5 Hydrocodone 1 000 Hydromorphone 6 854 Hydromorphone 60 000 Methadone 113 174 Levomethorphan 1 Morphine 201 887 Methadone 2 198 739 Morphine-N-oxide 3 Morphine 14 165 106 Oripavine 1 Opium 1 035 243 Oxycodone 450 207 Oxycodone 848 000 Pethidine 1 000 Oxymorphone 1 Pholcodine 67 658 Pethidine 3 147 800 Piritramide 4 923 Pholcodine 47 656 Remifentanil 4 605 Remifentanil 8 000 Sufentanil 11 Sufentanil 1 000 Solomon Islands Sri Lanka Codeine 283 Alfentanil 1 Fentanyl 9 Cocaine 500 Morphine 520 Codeine 133 000 Oxycodone 20 Fentanyl 36 Pethidine 1 800 Methadone 135 Somalia* Morphine 25 800 Codeine 17 500 Opium 134 600 Methadone 15 700 Pethidine 21 858 Morphine 14 500 Remifentanil 3 Pethidine 15 700 Sudan South Africa Fentanyl 31 Alfentanil 645 Morphine 30 000 Cannabis 750 Pethidine 30 000 Cocaine 7 250 Suriname* Codeine 5 581 677 Cocaine 15 Codeine-N-oxide 2 Codeine 7 500 Conc. of poppy straw Fentanyl 30 AMA 23 911 329 Morphine 538 Dextromoramide 2 Pethidine 100 Dihydrocodeine 176 790 Remifentanil 1 Diphenoxylate 2 Sufentanil 1 Etorphine 132 Swaziland Fentanyl 390 000 Alfentanil 1 Heroin 4 Codeine 2 730 Hydrocodone 1 Dihydrocodeine 676 Hydromorphone 10 369 Fentanyl 1 Levorphanol 1 Methadone 1 Methadone 30 170 Morphine 8 600 Morphine 11 050 843 Pethidine 3 753 Norcodeine 1 Tilidine 90 Normorphine 1 Sweden Opium 178 905 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Oripavine 3 Alfentanil 421 Oxycodone 50 187 Alphaprodine 2 Oxymorphone 3 Cannabis 18 850 Pethidine 610 000 Cocaine 5 127 Pholcodine 206 289 Codeine 975 513 Remifentanil 10 000 Desomorphine 1 Sufentanil 35 Dextropropoxyphene 500 Thebaine 16 000 Diphenoxylate 5 Tilidine 88 052 Ecgonine 1 South Sudan* Ethylmorphine 750 432 Fentanyl 3 Etorphine 5 Morphine 9 000 Fentanyl 31 315 Pethidine 13 000 Heroin 5 Spain Hydrocodone 122 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Hydromorphone 19 835 Alfentanil 382 Ketobemidone 25 974 Cannabis 300 000 Levomethorphan 1 Cocaine 19 859 Levorphanol 1 Codeine 18 768 274 Methadone 209 984

19

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Morphine 753 363 Cocaine 3 730 MPPP 1 Codeine 1 325 666 Opium 25 744 Dextromoramide 1 Oxycodone 810 216 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Oxymorphone 1 Difenoxin 1 Pethidine 24 309 Dihydrocodeine 1 Pholcodine 5 Diphenoxylate 55 001 Piritramide 100 Dipipanone 1 Remifentanil 1 020 Ecgonine 1 Sufentanil 60 Ethylmorphine 1 Tilidine 100 Etorphine 1 Switzerland Fentanyl 3 619 Alfentanil 232 Heroin 5 Cannabis 130 000 Hydrocodone 1 Cocaine 4 896 Hydromorphone 1 Codeine 5 618 948 Ketobemidone 1 Codeine-N-oxide 1 Levorphanol 1 Conc. of poppy straw Methadone 118 243 ACA 60 000 Morphine 399 621 AMA 3 500 000 Morphine-N-oxide 1 AOA 4 004 000 Nicomorphine 1 Dextromoramide 2 Normethadone 1 Dextropropoxyphene 459 Normorphine 1 Difenoxin 1 Opium 2 255 000 Dihydrocodeine 43 106 Oripavine 1 Dihydroetorphine 164 Oxycodone 16 727 Diphenoxylate 501 Oxymorphone 1 Ecgonine 45 Pethidine 349 485 Ethylmorphine 14 586 Phenoperidine 1 Etorphine 2 Pholcodine 1 Fentanyl 22 066 Remifentanil 157 Heroin 683 891 Sufentanil 1 Hydrocodone 8 461 Thebacon 1 Hydromorphone 129 280 Thebaine 1 Methadone 15 000 000 Tilidine 1 Morphine 1 364 845 The former Yugoslav Rep. of Macedonia Morphine-N-oxide 1 Alfentanil 5 Nicomorphine 2 700 Cannabis 1 500 000 Norcodeine 1 Codeine 2 689 677 Opium 100 000 Conc. of poppy straw Oripavine 4 452 936 AMA 2 250 000 Oxycodone 7 091 675 Ethylmorphine 50 Oxymorphone 2 853 597 Fentanyl 40 Pethidine 232 950 Hydrocodone 1 Pholcodine 9 892 Morphine 2 499 987 Piritramide 1 Oripavine 50 Remifentanil 4 159 Oxycodone 92 020 Sufentanil 28 Pholcodine 139 038 Thebaine 38 722 976 Remifentanil 15 Tilidine 46 297 Thebaine 40 052 Syrian Arab Republic Timor -Leste Alfentanil 28 Codeine 1 883 Codeine 2 500 000 Fentanyl 5 Diphenoxylate 125 000 Morphine 1 416 Fentanyl 423 Pethidine 6 855 Hydrocodone 60 000 Togo* Morphine 9 395 Alfentanil 1 Oxycodone 145 000 Fentanyl 12 Pethidine 120 000 Morphine 3 200 Remifentanil 575 Pethidine 9 000 Sufentanil 45 Sufentanil 1 Tajikistan Tonga Cocaine 1 280 Codeine 2 000 Codeine 449 920 Fentanyl 300 Ethylmorphine 6 400 Morphine 400 Etorphine 5 Pethidine 500 Fentanyl 38 Pholcodine 500 Methadone 30 000 Trinidad and Tobago Morphine 3 840 Alfentanil 25 Trimeperidine 32 000 Cannabis 7 Thailand Cannabis resin 7 Alfentanil 1 Coca leaf 7 Bezitramide 1 Cocaine 1 500 Cannabis 3 Codeine 7 000 Cannabis resin 3 Dihydrocodeine 2 500

20

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Fentanyl 69 Ketobemidone 2 Heroin 25 Levorphanol 2 Hydrocodone 1 100 Methadone 2 Hydromorphone 1 100 Morphine 120 544 Methadone 164 Nicomorphine 2 Morphine 31 740 Normethadone 2 Opium 1 500 Opium 54 752 Oxycodone 1 100 Oripavine 1 Oxymorphone 1 100 Oxycodone 46 448 Pethidine 20 000 Oxymorphone 2 Pholcodine 600 Pethidine 250 000 Remifentanil 50 Phenoperidine 1 Tristan da Cunha* Pholcodine 1 Codeine 600 Piritramide 1 Dextropropoxyphene 225 Remifentanil 1 521 Fentanyl 1 Sufentanil 1 Morphine 4 Thebacon 1 Pethidine 1 Thebaine 2 Pholcodine 38 Tilidine 2 Tilidine 1 Turkmenistan Tunisia Codeine 2 000 Alfentanil 20 Fentanyl 26 Alphaprodine 1 Morphine 6 659 Anileridine 1 Piritramide 2 Bezitramide 1 Remifentanil 1 000 Cocaine 3 Trimeperidine 20 245 Codeine 1 541 372 Turks and Caicos Islands Dextromoramide 1 Codeine 1 061 Dextropropoxyphene 50 Dihydrocodeine 142 Difenoxin 1 Fentanyl 51 Dihydrocodeine 2 Heroin 2 Diphenoxylate 3 Hydrocodone 3 Dipipanone 2 Hydromorphone 1 Ecgonine 1 Morphine 261 Ethylmorphine 20 000 Oxycodone 282 Etorphine 2 Pethidine 385 Fentanyl 570 Tuvalu* Ketobemidone 1 Codeine 45 Morphine 56 642 Fentanyl 1 Nicomorphine 1 Morphine 57 Normethadone 2 Pethidine 30 Normorphine 1 Uganda Oripavine 1 Codeine 120 000 Oxycodone 1 Etorphine 3 Oxymorphone 1 Fentanyl 20 Pethidine 2 500 Morphine 100 000 Phenoperidine 1 Oxycodone 2 000 Pholcodine 3 000 Pethidine 55 000 Remifentanil 580 Remifentanil 1 Sufentanil 9 Ukraine Thebacon 1 Codeine 3 291 593 Thebaine 2 Fentanyl 876 Tilidine 1 Hydrocodone 500 Turkey Hydromorphone 500 Alfentanil 4 Methadone 529 227 Alphaprodine 2 Morphine 260 228 Anileridine 2 Oxycodone 500 Bezitramide 2 Thebaine 236 Cannabis 5 Trimeperidine 246 400 Cannabis resin 5 United Arab Emirates Coca leaf 1 Alfentanil 15 Cocaine 926 Codeine 261 039 Codeine 4 259 707 Diphenoxylate 600 Dextromoramide 2 Etorphine 18 Dextropropoxyphene 614 Fentanyl 950 Difenoxin 2 Hydrocodone 310 Dihydrocodeine 875 989 Hydromorphone 300 Diphenoxylate 45 322 Methadone 250 Dipipanone 1 Morphine 8 281 Ethylmorphine 60 892 Oxycodone 6 900 Etorphine 1 Pethidine 16 000 Fentanyl 25 262 Remifentanil 750 Heroin 2 Sufentanil 6 Hydrocodone 2 United Kingdom Hydromorphone 2 782 3-Methylfentanyl 7

21

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Alfentanil 9 118 Conc. of poppy straw Alpha-methylfentanyl 5 ACA 59 728 181 Cannabis 95 259 AMA 124 802 677 Cannabis resin 163 AOA 38 247 836 Cocaine 330 532 ATA 222 006 124 Codeine 53 455 366 Dextropropoxyphene 250 015 Conc. of poppy straw Difenoxin 8 750 ACA 19 969 135 Dihydrocodeine 109 635 AMA 81 040 551 Diphenoxylate 835 000 Dextromoramide 51 Dipipanone 5 Dextropropoxyphene 546 242 Ecgonine 120 317 Dihydrocodeine 2 077 009 Ethylmorphine 101 Diphenoxylate 1 794 971 Etorphine 30 Dipipanone 327 Fentanyl 2 318 339 Ecgonine 2 Heroin 2 511 Ethylmorphine 7 Hydrocodone 60 520 252 Etorphine 1 Hydromorphone 4 894 004 Fentanyl 100 000 Hydroxypethidine 2 Heroin 60 000 Isomethadone 4 Hydrocodone 1 Levo-A-acetylmethadol 3 Hydromorphone 9 992 Levomethorphan 10 Levomethorphan 5 Levorphanol 4 900 Levorphanol 83 Metazocine 15 Methadone 3 041 497 Methadone 23 597 529 Morphine 5 090 152 Methadone intermediate 40 375 000 Norcodeine 5 Morphine 85 639 845 Normorphine 5 Noracymethadol 2 Opium 28 500 Norlevorphanol 52 Oripavine 5 Normethadone 2 Oxycodone 1 294 599 Opium 60 280 171 Oxymorphone 1 Oripavine 21 805 304 Para-fluorofentanyl 5 Oxycodone 69 595 250 Pethidine 500 000 Oxymorphone 20 627 892 Pholcodine 750 000 Pethidine 3 706 000 Piritramide 160 Pethidine intermediate A 5 Racemoramide 5 Pethidine intermediate B 9 Remifentanil 2 040 Pethidine intermediate C 5 Sufentanil 19 Phenazocine 6 Thebaine 37 000 000 2 Thiofentanyl 7 Racemethorphan 2 Tilidine 200 Racemoramide 1 United Republic of Tanzania Racemorphan 2 Codeine 30 000 Remifentanil 3 000 Etorphine 20 Sufentanil 6 255 Fentanyl 20 Thebaine 41 396 133 Methadone 111 500 Thiofentanyl 2 Morphine 10 020 Tilidine 6 000 Oxycodone 5 000 Trimeperidine 15 Pethidine 50 000 Uruguay Pholcodine 2 000 Alfentanil 2 United States of America Cannabis 284 002 3-Methylfentanyl 2 Cannabis resin 2 3-Methylthiofentanyl 2 Cocaine 1 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl 2 Codeine 142 960 Acetylmethadol 2 Ecgonine 1 Alfentanil 4 200 Ethylmorphine 3 114 Allylprodine 2 Fentanyl 494 Alphacetylmethadol 2 Heroin 1 Alphameprodine 2 Hydrocodone 2 Alphamethadol 2 Methadone 1 692 Alpha-methylfentanyl 2 Morphine 45 051 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 2 Oxycodone 441 Alphaprodine 11 Pethidine 5 380 Anileridine 1 Remifentanil 131 Betacetylmethadol 2 Sufentanil 2 Beta-hydroxy-3-methyl fentanyl 2 Thebaine 2 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 2 Uzbekistan Betameprodine 2 Codeine 402 Betamethadol 4 Fentanyl 50 Betaprodine 2 Morphine 5 807 Cannabis 33 813 637 Thebaine 31 Cannabis resin 340 100 Trimeperidine 9 751 Coca leaf 267 600 617 Vanuatu Cocaine 17 017 Codeine 279 Codeine 65 000 000 Fentanyl 5

22

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2017 (September update)

Morphine 281 The designations employed and the presentation Oxycodone 13 of the material in this publication do not imply the Pholcodine 39 expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Venezuela (Bolivarian Rep. of) Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal Codeine 800 000 status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its Fentanyl 3 700 authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers Methadone 40 500 or boundaries. Countries and areas are referred to by the names that were in official use at the time the relevant Morphine 200 000 data were collected. Oxycodone 100 000 Remifentanil 2 700 Viet Nam Les appellations employées dans cette Alfentanil 1 000 publication et la présentation des données qui y figurent Codeine 12 000 000 n’impliquent de la part du Secrétariat de l’Organisation Dihydrocodeine 120 000 des Nations Unies aucune prise de position quant au Ethylmorphine 2 000 statut juridique des pays, territoires, villes ou zones, ou de Fentanyl 800 leurs autorités, ni quant au tracé de leurs frontières ou Hydrocodone 20 000 limites. Les noms de pays ou de zones figurant dans le Hydromorphone 20 présent document sont ceux qui étaient officiellement en Methadone 3 000 000 usage au moment où les données ont été recueillies. Morphine 220 000 Oxycodone 60 000 Pethidine 120 000 Las denominaciones empleadas en esta publicación y la forma en que aparecen presentados los Remifentanil 1 000 datos que contiene no implican, de parte de la Secretaría Sufentanil 10 de las Naciones Unidas, juicio alguno sobre la condición Wallis and Futuna Islands* jurídica de países, territorios, ciudades o zonas, o de sus Codeine 525 autoridades, ni respecto de la delimitación de sus Fentanyl 3 fronteras o límites. Los países y zonas se mencionan por Morphine 23 el nombre oficialmente utilizado en el momento en que se Opium 525 recopilaron los datos pertinentes. Remifentanil 3 Sufentanil 1 Yemen* Codeine 15 625 Fentanyl 108 Hydromorphone 750 Morphine 3 000 Pethidine 12 000 Pholcodine 9 000 Remifentanil 8 Sufentanil 2 Zambia Cocaine 1 Codeine 14 000 Dextropropoxyphene 30 000 Dihydrocodeine 600 Diphenoxylate 600 Etorphine 12 Fentanyl 100 Note: Heroin 1 ACA stands for anhydrous codeine alkaloid; Methadone 1 AMA stands for anhydrous morphine alkaloid; Morphine 9 000 AOA stands for anhydrous oripavine alkaloid; and Pethidine 35 000 ATA stands for anhydrous thebaine alkaloid. Pholcodine 100 Thebaine 1 Other countries: Tilidine 1 Holy See See Italy Zimbabwe Liechtenstein See Switzerland Monaco See France Alfentanil 2 San Marino See Italy Codeine 307 000 Diphenoxylate 300 Names of territories are in italics. Dipipanone 5 *Annual estimates were established by the Board. Etorphine 15 Fentanyl 50 Hydromorphone 100 Methadone 5 Morphine 12 000 Opium 55 000 Oxycodone 30 Pethidine 109 000 Pholcodine 3 500 Sufentanil 2 Tilidine 3 500

23