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January 31, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2837

Harber, Gary G., xxx-xx-xxxx . Norton, Jerry M., xxx-xx-xxxx . Whelan, Raymond D.. xxx-xx-xxxx . Harris, Gerald V., xxx-xx-xxxx . Oliva, Erneido A., xxx-xx-xxxx . Wickham, Herbert F., III, xxx-xx-xxxx . Harrison, John R., xxx-xx-xxxx . Otero, Julio C., xxx-xx-xxxx . Williams, Oren M., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . Hayman, Robert L., xxx-xx-xxxx . Pendergrass, Raymond, xxx-xx-xxxx . Wise, W. A., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . Henderson, Jay J., xxx-xx-xxxx . Pixley, Morris H., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . Womack, James K., xxx-xx-xxxx . Hester, Bennie L., xxx-xx-xxxx . Pomeroy, Edward E., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . Wood, Kenneth C., xxx-xx-xxxx . Holeman, Herbert P., xxx-xx-xxxx . Posey, Robert G., xxx-xx-xxxx . Worden, Richard E., xxx-xx-xxxx . Honaker, Robert G., xxx-xx-xxxx . Powell, Stanford F., xxx-xx-xxxx . Worth, Stephen G., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . Horton, Donald R., xxx-xx-xxxx . Power, Donald E., xxx-xx-xxxx . Youd, Leon E., xxx-xx-xxxx . Hutchison, Joseph B., xxx-xx-xxxx . Quattlebaum, Hulen D., xxx-xx-xxxx . Zavadil, Milton, Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . Jones, Harold M., xxx-xx-xxxx . Ramirez-Gonzalez, Rafael, xxx-xx-xxxx . CHAPLAIN Rardon, Donald L. xxx-xx-xxxx . Jones, James L., xxx-xx-xxxx . To be lieutenant colonel Jones, John B., xxx-xx-xxxx . Rickaby, Dale E., xxx-xx-xxxx . Jones, Milton 0., xxx-xx-xxxx . Ritchie, Ronald E., xxx-xx-xxxx . Dahlstrom, Myron L., xxx-xx-xxxx . Judge, Jimmie, xxx-xx-xxxx . Robison, Harold S., xxx-xx-xxxx . ARMY NURSE CORPS Keith, Earl H., xxx-xx-xxxx . Rosenbaum, James H. E., xxx-xx-xxxx . To be lieutenant colonel Kirshner, Eugene, xxx-xx-xxxx . Russon, Dee R., xxx-xx-xxxx . Ward, Doris R., xxx-xx-xxxx . Klein, Wilbert G., xxx-xx-xxxx . Sanders, William P., xxx-xx-xxxx . Knutson, Oliver R., xxx-xx-xxxx . Schroeder, Raymond L., xxx-xx-xxxx . MEDICAL CORPS Kopp, Thomas E., xxx-xx-xxxx . Schuster, Michael F., xxx-xx-xxxx . To be lieutenant colonel Kortz, William J., xxx-xx-xxxx . Shields, Paul R., xxx-xx-xxxx . Hebert, Peter W., xxx-xx-xxxx . Lally, John E., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . Silva, Gerald J., xxx-xx-xxxx . Howard, Don G., xxx-xx-xxxx . Lawson, Alton W., xxx-xx-xxxx . Smith, Donald G., xxx-xx-xxxx . Rodriguez, Rene F., xxx-xx-xxxx . Lewis. Dean R., xxx-xx-xxxx . Smith, Franklin, J., xxx-xx-xxxx . Tesdall, Donald J., xxx-xx-xxxx . Lewis, Paul E., xxx-xx-xxxx . Smith, Richard L., xxx-xx-xxxx . Wyman, Stephen M ., xxx-xx-xxxx . Lindsay, Rodney C., xxx-xx-xxxx . Smith, William A., xxx-xx-xxxx . Lopez-Alonso, Juan R., xxx-xx-xxxx . Stilson, Robert C., xxx-xx-xxxx . MEDICAL SERVICE CORPS Lusk, Everrett S., xxx-xx-xxxx . Strong, Bob C., xxx-xx-xxxx . To be lieutenant colonel Mahanay, Floyd B., xxx-xx-xxxx . Stuckey, Jimmie D., xxx-xx-xxxx . Henry, John C., xxx-xx-xxxx . Mallan, Richard E., xxx-xx-xxxx . Taylor, Robert D., xxx-xx-xxxx . Mallas, Kenneth M., xxx-xx-xxxx . Thacker, Lyle V., xxx-xx-xxxx . Manweiler, Howard I., xxx-xx-xxxx . Thompson, Robert F., xxx-xx-xxxx . McDaniel, Gene A., xxx-xx-xxxx . Tietjen, John P., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . CONFIRMATION McDaniel, William K., . Trabert, Brenton A., xxx-xx-xxxx . xxx-xx-xxxx E xecutive nomination confirmed by McDevitt, James P., xxx-xx-xxxx . Turner, James A., xxx-xx-xxxx . McGouldrick, John J., xxx-xx-xxxx . Underwood, John T., III, xxx-xx-xxxx . the Senate January 3 1, 197 7 : McKenzie, Donald W., xxx-xx-xxxx . Upton, Frederick R., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE McLaurin, Hugh M., III, xxx-xx-xxxx . Van Leeuwen, John D., xxx-xx-xxxx . C harles W illiam D uncan, Jr., of T exas, McManus, Donnie J., xxx-xx-xxxx . Vowell, Leonord G., xxx-xx-xxxx . to be a Deputy S ecretary of Defense. Melchert, Paul A., . Waits, Fred W., xxx-xx-xxxx . xxx-xx-xxxx T h e a b o v e n o m in a tio n w a s a p p ro v e d Moore, John F., xxx-xx-xxxx . Waller, Naire 0., xxx-xx-xxxx . subject to the nominee's commitment to re- Muszynski, Thomas J., xxx-xx-xxxx . Ward, Don C., xxx-xx-xxxx . Navas, William A., xxx-xx-xxxx . Warner, Jere M., xxx-xx-xxxx . spond to requests to appear and testify be- Neighbors, Dennis B., xxx-xx-xxxx . Wattel, Marshall L., xxx-xx-xxxx . fore any duly constituted com m ittee of the Nicholas, Steve C., xxx-xx-xxxx . Weaver, Max I., xxx-xx-xxxx . Senate.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

ANIMAL PROTECTION LEGISLATION courage the use of painful devices and sardines, clams, and to the United to promote humane trapping. This bill, S tates. T h e im p o rtatio n o f R u ssian H.R. 47 1, would require the Secretary of caviar would also be affected, thus giv- HON. WILLIAM LEHMAN the Interior, w ith the aid of a seven- ing the S oviet Union substantive evi- OF person commission established by the dence of our com m itm ent to end this slaughter. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bill, to set criteria for designating those traps that would either painlessly cap- T he protection of the great whales is Mon da y , J a n u a ry 3 1 , 1 9 7 7 ture or instantaneously kill. This legisla- in the interest of all mankind, and I do Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. Speaker, this tion would also stop the interstate com- not believe that the United S tates can many and , including many merce and the use on F ederal lands of refrain any longer from imposing strong domestic and almost extinct animals, will unapproved traps, as well as halt the in- measures to insure their safety. needlessly suffer and be cruelly slaugh- terstate commerce of animals and prod- I look forward to the early passage of tered unless legislation is enacted to pro- ucts from anim als not captured w ith these bills to guarantee the hum ane tect them . I have recently introduced approved traps. T he S ecretary of the treatment of animals. three pieces of legislation to improve the Interior would be authorized to offer fi- nancial assistance to assist in the com- welfare of animals. TOOTS SHOR I believe that the first step that must pliance with these provisions, and fines be taken is to carefully evaluate the ef- would be imposed as part of enforcement fectiveness of our existing laws govern- efforts. HON. JOHN M. MURPHY ing the treatment of animals. I therefore T h e S ta te o f F lo rid a h a s a lre a d y OF NEW YORK banned the use of the steeljaw leghold introduced a bill, H.R. 462 , to establish IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a Commission on the Humane Treatment traps, and I believe that we should now of Animals. This Commission, composed m ake "hum ane trapping" a national Mon da y , J a n u a ry 3 1 , 1 9 7 7 of individuals knowledgeable in and con- policy. M r. M U R PH Y of N ew Y ork. M r. cerned with welfare, will study Our great whales are being slaughtered Speaker, it is always sad to lose a great the treatm ent of anim als for a 2 -year to the point of , although there American, but it is even sadder for those period and then issue a final report con- are cheap and plentiful substitutes for of us who knew this man to lose one of taining its findings and recom m end- whale products. M y resolution, House N ew Y ork C ity's m ajor institutions: ations for legislation. Joint R esolution 7 9, to place an imme- Toots Shor. Beyond being what any man T here are, of c o u rs e , s itu a tio n s in diate em bargo on the p ro d u c ts o f a ll is supposed to be: P atriotic, kind , gener- w h ic h a n im a l tr a p p in g is n e c e s s a r y . foreign enterprises engaged in com m er- ous, and devoted to his family; he was However, despite the availability of ef- cial whaling, would probably force the also w hat m any m en can never be-a fective d e v ice s w h ich ca n im m e d te ly J a p a n e s e to h a l t w h a l i n g . T h e th r e e tru e frie n d . S o m e tim e s h is m a n n e r w a s a n d p a in le s s ly tra p a n im a ls , th e u s e o f c o m p a n ie s e n g a g e d in w h a lin g export b ru squ e , b u t it w a s n e v e r to b e u n k in d . the steeljaw leghold traps continues. more than $100 million worth of fishery He w as not capable of hate, only of a I have introduced legislation to dis- products, such as tuna, salmon, mackerel, unique understanding of his fellow man. 2838 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 1977 The stories of his , his friends, his Fleming, the discoverer of penicillin, and had been aroused by Wilson's comments manner of living are legion. He knew Casey Stengel, the inventor of the new syn­ about the unemployed. tax. He served as catalyst between two dis­ everyone, and everyone knew-and tinguished , Yogi Berra and Chief As Mr. Auchincloss approached his loved-him. He was equally at ease with Justice Earl Warren." 80th year, he announced on January 23, the great, and near-great, and the every­ Mr. Screvane then sketched Mr. Shor's im­ 1964, that he would not seek reelection. day person who simply needed a friend. age in a series of brush strokes. He remem­ After his retirement, Mr. Auchincloss His family will surely feel the loss bered him as "the coiner of words that en­ spent considerable time working to finish more greatly than any of us, for they had riched our vocabularies, him as "the cata­ a $3 million complex for the Capitol Hill the honor and pleasure of his company lyst for putting together important business Club, a Republican social and civic or­ or political deals" and as "a father confessor ganization he founded in 1949. The build­ each day of their . May we each who listened to our troubles." bear some of the for them, for "Rambunctious, loud, sometimes even rude ing was dedicated in 1971 as the Dwight theirs is an irreplaceable loss of the com­ to people who didn't know him well," Mr. D. Eisenhower Center. panionship of a great man. I for one am Screvane said, "the real man was generous, He was also president of the . Capitol proud to have been called "friend" by warm-hearted, deeply religious and possessed Hill Foundation, a nonprofit, nonpartisan him. of a loyalty and devotion to family and organization offering scholarships for Mr. Speaker, there are many in this friends so fierce it seemed at times almost government studies. country who never had the pleasure of znaniacal. Dubbed correctly as 'the world's I offer my deepest sympathy to Mrs. greatest saloonkeeper,' there was only one of meeting Toots Shor. His and him, and not likely to be another in this Auchincloss and the other members of eulogy as printed in time or probably ever." the family on behalf of myself and my are offered as part of my remarks, so that After the service, Mr. Shor was buried in colleagues in the House of Represent­ all might know the kind of man he was: Fernclift' in Ha.rtsdale, N.Y. atives. FivE-HUNDRED ATTEND SERVICE FOR TooTS SHOR (By Joseph Durso) MEMORIAL TO JAMES C. AUCHIN­ MRS. JEAN FASSLER Bernard (Toots) Shor, who died Sunday CLOSS LATE A FORMER REPRE­ night at the age of 73, was eulogized yester­ day at Temple Emanu-El as "the world's SENTATIVE FROM NEW JERSEY HON. LEO J. RYAN greatest saloonkeeper" who also was a "warm, OF CALIFORNIA generous and religious man." The for the long-time restaurant HON. JAMES J. HOWARD IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES owner and host was attended by 500 persons OF NEW JERSEY Monday, January 31, 1977 from around the nation, including znany IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES celebrities from sports and entertainment. Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise at this The one-hour service was led by the chief Monday, January 31, 1977 time to tell the Members of this dis tin­ rabbi of the temple, Ronald B. Sobel; a spe­ Mr. HOWARD. Mr. Speaker, when guished body of a distinguished individ­ cial prayer was offered by Msgr. William J. James C. Auchincloss retired from the ual from the State of Califomia; a highly McCormack, a friend of the family, and the respected public official in San Mateo eulogy was delivered by Paul R. Screvane, House of Representatives after 22 former president of the City Council and now in Congress, his colleagues honored him County for 20 years; and a personal president of the Oft'track Betting Corpora­ as a Congressman highly responsive to friend of mine for whom I hold in the tion. the needs of his constituents. As my dis­ highest esteem-Mrs. Jean Fassler. It is Among the mourners were four past or tinguished predecessor to this body from with a degree of sadness and reluctance present sports commissioners: Pete Rozelle the Third District of New Jersey, Con­ that I inform you of her retirement from from football, BoWie Kuhn from baseball and gressman Auchincloss set an example for the San Mateo County Board of Super­ Lawrence F. O'Brien and Walter Kennedy visors after 12 years of dedicated service. from basketball. Also at the service were those of us who came in as new Mem­ Walter Cronkite, Joe Garagiola, Howard Co­ bers in 1965. Before women were commonly asso­ sell, Mel Allen, W1lliam Shea, Gabe Paul, On October 2, 1976, at the age of 91, ciated with holding public office, Jean Wellington Mara, Horace Stoneham, Lee Mr. Auchincloss passed away in Alex­ had received high acclaim for her efforts MacPhail, Charles Feeney and a large group andria, Va. I:fe is survived by his wife and in spearheading the organization to in­ of one-time athletes that included Frank two sons, nine grandchildren and nine corporate the city of Pacifica in San Gifford, Charley Conerly, Kyle Rote, Monte great grandchildren. Because the House Mateo County and served as Pacifica's Irvin, Ralph Kiner, Dominic DiMaggio, Eddie adjourned for the year on October 1, I first mayor. Having gained a reputation Arcaro, B1lly Conn and Alex Webster. "A city is most authentically reflected in was unable to pay tribute to him at that as an effective leader she was appointed its people," Rabbi Sobel told the gathering. time in the RECORD. a supervisor of San Mateo County in "In a very unique manner, Toots Shor for To this day, Congress acts on trans­ 1965. Jean has been honored as chair­ several decades was the mirror of a special ex­ portation and resources bills that man of the board in 1967, 1970, and 1.974, citement and quality that set New York apart were landmark legislation of the Public the first woman in San Mateo County from all other cities. He was a magnet Works Committee in the fifties and early history to serve in this distinguished around which flowed znany of the special sixties. Mr. Auchincloss served long and position. streams of New York's greatness. He was, in ably on that committee and played a key Supervisor Fassler has always been 10 his life, a legend among legends." "If saints are people who are profoundly role in many pieces of vital public works years ahead of the general populace ad­ aware of God's influence in their lives," Mon­ legislation. vocating environmental protection and signor McCormack said after folloWing the Mr. Auchincloss was mayor of Rumson, coastline preservation long before they rabbi to the pulpit, "then I suggest to you N.J., when Monmouth Republicans per­ were popular and accepted interests. that Toots Shor was a great man and a good suaded him to run for Congress against Jean has been a personal friend of man." veteran Democrat William H. Sutphin. mine for almost 30 years and I know of In the eulogy Mr. Screvane recalled that As he recalled later, he was picked as a few whom I respect more. Her personal Mr. Shor had "become involved in an unprec­ "sacrificial lamb," but won with a sur­ and professional integrity, unselfish edented era of American history" starting in prising margin. dedication to public service, warmth and the 1920's and said: His old-fashioned, straight-laced views charm are unmatched in San Mateo "The thread of his odd life stitched to­ gether the people who made much of the his­ on honesty and ethics occasionally led County. tory and mood. He must be the only man him to blast members of his own party. I speak for the residents of San Mateo who was as close to the mob lords Longy In a speech in Ocean Township, N.J., County and myself when I say that we Zwlllm.a.n, big Frenchy and Owney Madden as in 1954, Mr. Auchincloss assailed the in­ Americans are losing a great official with he was to Cardinal Spellman, Robert Sher­ vestigatory tactics of Senator Joseph R. the retirement of Supervisor Fassler. I wood and President Truman. His personality, McCarthy, who was probing employees only hope Jean will continue to bless us outgoing and often as erratic as a rocket, at Fort Monmouth in Eatontown, N.J. with her great work and stand as a sym­ bridged the sociological gaps that yawned be­ "No one has a comer on fighting com­ bol for all of us to emulate as she pursues tween Babe Ruth and PaUl Draper, Frank munism-we are all against it," he said. new activities in her private life. I know Costello and Edward R. Murrow, Texas Gui­ On another occasion, he called on Sec­ I speak for all the Members of the House nan and the nuns at Marymount, where his retary of Defense Charles E. Wilson to in wishing Jean and her husband, Joe three daughters were educated. resign, declaring in a telegram, "You Fassler much happiness and fulfillment "He was equally at ease with Sir Alexander have outlived your usefulness." His anger in the years to come. January 31, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2839 WORLD Wrr.DLIF'E FUND FOURTH Calls on the Government of Papua New Recognizing that the countries of the INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS Guinea to undertake adequate administra­ Amazon basin need to use the area produc­ tive efforts and negotiations With traditional tively; land owners to safeguard a representative Recognizing the valuable efforts under­ section of lowland rain forest by the estab­ taken in relation to wise use by certain HON. JOSEPH L. FISHER lishment of at least one protected national Amazonian Governments, notably Peru and OF VIRGINIA park covering a minimum of 100,000 hectares, Venezuela, the latter having declared a full and to create additional parks and reserves in moratorium on exploitation schemes in all IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES order to cover representative sections of the its territories south of the Orinoco, until Monday, January 31, 1977 other important ecosystems of the country. better scientlflc understanding is achieved; Resolution 14. Action to save the Cali­ The Fourth International Congress of the Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker, during the fornia Condor: World Wildlife Fund, meeting in San Fran­ World Wildlife Fund Fourth Interna­ Recognizing that the California condor, cisco, U.S.A., from 29 November to 1 Decem­ tional Congress, held in San Francisco one of the most spectacular birds of the ber 1976: November 29-December 1, 1976, a num­ United States of America, is now reduced Urges the Governments of the Amazonian ber of resolutions dealing with wildlife to probably not more than forty individuals countries to set forth clearly their future and is falling to produce sufficient young to policies and to implement them concerning resources throughout the world were In&intain even this population level; the development of this region on an eco­ adopted. Aware of the world concern about the logical basis, integrating harmoniously agri­ Today I am inserting into the RECORD condor as an international resource; culture, animal husbandry, forestry, wild­ 10 of the resolutions adopted at the The Fourth International Congress of the life and fisheries management, oil and min­ meeting. I will introduce the remaining World Wildlife Fund meeting in San Fran­ eral exploitation, tourism and recreation in resolutions into the RECORD during the cisco, U.S.A., from 29 November to 1 Decem­ such a way as to make an optimal use of coming week. ber 1976: the natural renewable resources; While I do not necessarily endorse Urges the United States Forest Service, the Appeals to industrialized countries to join United States Fish and Wlldlife Service the efforts with the Amazonian countries to every position taken by the World Wild­ Oalifornia Department of Fish and Game, realise sound ecological objectives by pro­ life Fund, I did want to bring the resolu­ the United States Bureau of Land Manage­ viding funds and technical assistance and tions to the attention of my colleagues. ment and concerned private agencies to con­ to refrain from undertaking steps in con­ FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE tinue With increased vigour all activities set flict with this approach. WORLD WILDLIFE FuND DRAFT CONGRESS forth in the California Condor Recovery Plan, Resolution 16. Depletion of Porpoise Stocks RESOLUTONS notably habitat protection, provision of ade­ in the Eastern Tropical Pacific by the Inter­ Resolution 11. Protection to Natural Areas quate food supply and protection nesting national Purse Seine Fleet: in Australia: sites, as well as the construction of artificial Whereas the international purse seine fleet Being aware that the Australian nesting sites, to deny permits for phosphate setting their nets around porpoise (dolphin) 1s endowed with a very rich and largely en­ mining or any other activity Within the in the Eastern Tropical Paclflc to catch yel­ demic fauna and flora; Condor Sanctuary, which could have a nega­ lowfln tuna have killed five to seven million Noting that these unique anim.a.ls and tive impact on the population, to start a porpoise since 1958; are found in ecosystems many of captive breeding program after careful study Whereas at the October 1976 Nicaragua which have high scenic values; With the object of adding the offspring to meeting of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Appreciating the efforts made by the Com­ the Wild population. Commission, it was voted by both the Com­ monwealth Government and the State Gov­ Resolution 15. National Parks and other mission and the subsequent intergovern­ ernments of Australia in instituting a sys­ protected a.reas in Amazonia: mental meeting that all nations participating tem of national parks and reserves to pro­ Being informed that protection of Ama­ in this fishery have a responsibility to work tect samples of these ecosystems; zonian habitat is not yet ensured by a com­ internationally through the Commission to prehensive system of National Parks and solve the problem of the incidental kill of The Fourth International Congress of the equivalent reserves; World Wlldlife Fund, meeting in San Fran­ porpoise; cisco, U.S.A., from 29 November to 1 De­ Noting that the rate of modification and Whereas the IATTC wlll hold a special cember 1976: destruction of the Amazonian ecosystems is meeting prior to June 1, 1977 to address a Urges the Commonwealth Government and such that up to the present, the genetic speclflc plan to solve the problem; the State Governments of Australia to ex­ diversity is not safeguarded; The Fourth International Congress of the tend their systems of national parks and re­ Appreciating the work and initiative of the World Wildlife Fund, meeting in San Fran­ serves to cover a greater range of the diverse Intergovernmental Technical Group for the cisco, U.S.A., from 29 November to 1 De­ ecosystems throughout the continent of Conservation of the Amazonian Flora and cember 1976: Australia and in particular to protect areas Fauna legally established between , Commends the member Governments of Brasil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Vene­ the IATTC for their action and urges them to such as the Kakadu area in the Northern zuela; Territory, and further Rainforest com­ press forward vigorously through the IATTC munities in Queensland New South Wales The Fourth International Congress of the to achieve new techniques and fishing gear and Victoria, and Karri forests in West Aus­ World Wlldlife Fund, meeting in San Fran­ that wlll immediately reduce the tragic kill tralia, the rich and unique wllderness of cisco, U.S.A. from 29 November to 1 Decem­ of porpoise and ultimately permit tuna to be ber 1976; caught without placing nets around porpoise, South-West Tasmania, the unique Fraser Is­ Urges the Governments of the Amazonian land off North-West Australia. and that all nations that use purse seines countries to safeguard viable representative should enact legislation equivalent to the Resolution 12. Rain-Forest Conservation samples of their ecosystems and to assign in Papua New Guinea; United States Marine Mammal Protection the necessary admlnistrative and financial Act which sets a goal approaching zero mor­ Recognizing the substantial progress resources to In&nage these accordingly; achieved by the Government of Papua New Appeals to all timber, oil and tality and zero injury rate for porpoise; Guinea in promoting environmental conser­ exploitation companies operating in the Further encourages the United States Gov­ vation and preservation, by the appLi­ Amazonian region to eliminate any pressure ernment fully to enforce the Marine Mam­ cation of sound ecological principles and the to violate the integrity of the existing na­ mal Protection Act and urges the Congress integration of traditional ha.rvesting prac­ tional parks and reserves and to avoid the of the United States to maintain the integ­ tices in modern national development destruction of areas identified as unique rity of the Act and resist all attempts to schemes; and necessary for the planning of a com­ weaken it. Being informed that the Government of prehensive system of conservation areas in Resolution 17. Conservation of Whales: Papua New Guinea 1s considering the estab­ this region; Recalling that in its Resolutions, the 3rd lishment of integrated forest industries in Appeals to the Governments of the Ama­ International Congress of the WWF renewed the Vanimo area, covering 200,000 hectares, zon basin and particuarly BrasH to en­ the call for a 10-year moratorium on com­ and subsequently in other regions, the total courage international governmental organi­ mercial hunting of whales; of forests suitable for large-scale timber in­ zations as well as non governmental groups Being aware that the International Whal­ dustries being two mlllion hectares; in joining efforts With national organiza­ ing Commission (IWC) has now adopted a AwB~re that the tropical rain-forests of the tions in establishing the requested system new policy for the regulation of whaling island of New Guinea are very rich in of national parks and reserves. which has already led to protection, or re­ species and harbours an equally rich fauna, Resolution 15a. Ecological Development of duction of catches from some of the stocks the ecosystem also providing the traditional the Tropical Rain Forest in the Amazon of whales previously threatened by continued subsistence for the local people; Basin: excessive hunting; Noting the efforts undertaken by the Gov­ Being infol"med about the continuous and Noting, however, that substantial whaling ernment to purchase timber rights from the increasing rate of destruction of Amazonian continues under flags of nations not members traditional land owners; habitat; of the IWC, involving nationals of some The Fourth International Congress of the Aware of the generally low agronomic member nations, and that the IWC has made World Wildlife Fund, meeting in San Fran­ potential of the land and the absence of no progress in recent years in securing the cisco, U.S.A., from 29 November to 1 December an ecological sustainable policy of devel­ adhesion of more whaling nations to the 1976: opment; Commission; 2840 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 1977 Noting that loopholes in the IWC Con­ The Fourth International Congress of the With this in mind, I am proud to co­ vention have been repeatedly used to pro­ World Wildlife Fund, meeting in San Fran­ sponsor H.R. 1559, a bill to penalize the long the existence of an industry which is cisco, U.S.A., from 29 November to 1 Decem­ use of firearms in the commission of any dying as a result of its own excesses, that ber 1976: arrangements be continued for independent Recommends that the Government of Can­ felony and to increase the penalties in monitoring of the scientific advice offered to ada and Norway consider adoption of a mora­ certain related existing provisions. The the IWC, through the activation of the In­ torium on the annual commercial Harp Seal thrust of this legislation is directed at the terim Committee on Marine Mammals of hunt until further data is available. criminal who, through his own actions, IUCN; Resolution 19. Spear-Fishing: jeopardizes the rights and lives of law­ Being informed that under IWC rules Knowing that spearfishing is a threat to abiding citizens. We must create an at­ members are permitted to authorize without certain species of resident fishes and inverte­ mosphere in which it is known by every­ limit and without presentation of justifica­ brates; one that using a gun illegally will be dealt tion catches for scientific purposes, and that Stressing that spearflshing contests are already one member (Japan) has issued a without parallel in sport by emphasizing with surely and effectively by our crim­ permit for the taking and commercial pro­ killing; inal justice system. This legislation pro­ cessing of a large number of Bryde's whales, Recognizing, however, the legitimate use of vides that in addition to the punishment probably exceeding the maximum yield that certain spearfishing activities for subsistence given for committing a certain crime, the stock in question could sustain; from a and other purposes; mandatory sentence of imprisonment, for stock for which the Commission itself has The Fourth International Congress of the not less than 5 years, nor more than 10 established a zero quota; World Wildlife Fund, meeting in San Fran­ years, will be given for the use of a fire­ cisco, U.S.A., from 29 November to 1 Decem­ Not being convinced that the present arm during the commission of a crime. quotas are sufficiently supported by scien­ ber 1976: Further, notwithstanding any other pro­ tific knowledge, nor that the 10% margin Urges Governments to ban the use of at present applied is at all adequate to cover spearfishing guns other than the hand spear vision of law, the court shall not suspend the great uncertainty in present scientific and to ban all spearflshing contests; . the sentence in the case of any person assessments; Suggests that for all spearfishing activi­ convicted under this law or give him a Being aware that serious doubts have been ties suitable laws be enacted. probationary sentence, nor shall the term raised by scientists as to the validity of Resolution 19. The Future of : of imprisonment imposed under this law current estimates used by the Commission Recognizing that the marine environment run concurrently with the term of im­ of the sustainable yields from sei whales of the Palau archipelago is the richest in the whole Pacific; prisonment imposed for the commission and sperm whales in the Southern hemi­ of such felony or crime. sphere; Being convinced that the future of the Concerned that the imminent expansion people of Palau depends upon maintaining With the implementation of this leg­ of krill fishing in the Southern Ocean could the marine resources of the islands; islation, we are sending a message to the quickly lead to a. situation in which the Being aware of the proposal for a superport criminal and would be criminal, that recovery of even protected stocks of in Palau with the possible development of severe and mandatory sentences will be whales would be slower and less complete petrochemical and other associated indus­ imposed for the use of firearms in the than previously expected; tries; The Fourth International Congress of the commission of crimes. This legislation Believing it to be essential that future addresses the need to create an atmos­ generations of mankind be left options con­ World Wildlife Fund, meeting in San Fran­ cerning the ways and the degree to which cisco, U.S.A., from 29 November to 1 Decem­ phere where a criminal who commits a whales may be utilized in the long term; ber 1976: crime with a firearm knows that he will Reaffirming its call for an immediate mora­ Urges the Japanese people to consider al­ go to jail: the courts would have no al­ torium on commercial whaling; ternative and less damaging ways of securing ternative but to send him to prison. Supporting proposals for the launching of their oil supplies; and a comprehensive program of research on Recommends to the Government of the whales, with particular attention to studies United Stat-es, in its capacity as guardian of of live whales, oriented to provide the neces­ the people and islands of Palau, to do all in TO PROTECT AMERICAN SHORES sary information for conserV!a.tion and man­ its power to preserve the natural heritage of agement for objectives much wider than the Palau by preventing the development of the present objectives of the IWC; superport. The Fourth International Congress of the HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI World Wildlife Fund, meeting in San Fran­ OF ILLINOIS cisco, U.S.A., from 29 November to 1 Decem­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ber 1976·: Urges UNEP, FAO and the UN bodies con­ MANDATORY PRISON TERMS FOR Monday, January 31, 1977 USE OF FIREARMS WHILE COM­ cerned and IUNC to give substantial support Mr. DERWINSKI. Speaker, for implementation of the research activities MITTING A CRIME Mr. as referred to above and to initiate a study of problems mount in many fronts, it is the future intergovernmental arrangements truly a shame that the Congress is off to required for the regulation of human activi­ such a slow start. Now that the Demo­ ties which affect whale population and their HON. NICK JOE RAHALL II crats have selected most of their commit­ habitats, having in mind changes in the OF WEST VIRGINIA tee members, I hope that the purpose of La.w of the Sea. and in world public opinion IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Congress, that of legislating, com­ concerning the conservation of whales; mences. Supports the proposals of the FAO/UNEP Monday, January 31, 1977 Scientific Consultation held in Bergen, Nor­ An editorial commentary in the Chi­ Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, as most cago Daily News, on January 24, empha­ way, in September 1976; people who read the newspapers know, Calls on all nations and the IWC to agree sizes the need for immediate action by to an immediate moratorium. crime in America is on the increase; es­ the Congress in reviewing the regula­ Resolution 18. Protection of the Harp Seal: pecially crimes committed with hand­ tions governing the entire maritime in­ Being aware of the conflicting population guns. Recent legislation to ban handguns, dustry which has recently been drama­ data on which the annual harvest of the aside from being unconstitutional, does tized by the series of tanker accidents Labrador Front Harp seal herds are based; not at this time appear to be the solution off U.S. shores. The editorial follows: Recognizing the necessity of being con- this problem. to To PROTECT AMERICAN SHORES servative in the exploitation of a threSitened It appears to me that providing strong­ species; The recent rash of accidents to seagoing Noting the recent studies by scientists er mandatory penalties for the commis­ tankers has focused much-needed attention from the University of Guelph, Ontario, sion of crimes where guns are involved on a problem that is already serious and Canada, have shown that the Labrador Front and the enforcement of those penalties bound to get worse. The breakup of a single Harp seal herds are in danger if the annual would help deter the criminal more ef­ tanker can spread millions of gallons of pol­ seal hunt continues; fectively. In our district there are miners luting oil over the ocean, fishing grounds or Noting that in 1976 the quota was set at and other laborers who work the "hoot beaches, as was quickly demonstrated in the one hundred and twenty-eight thousand " shift, leaving their wives and chil­ Qecember wreck of the Argo Merchant off seals and that the number taken was ex­ dren at alone all night, who desire Nantucket. And with more tankers bringing ceeded by forty-one thousand for a total of ever more oil into U.S. ports to sattsfy the one hundred and sixty-nine thousand baby protection for their loved ones. The Con­ nation's energy needs, the question of how seals k111ed out of an estimated annual birth­ stitution of the United States says Ameri­ to protect our shores against pollution be­ rate of less than two hundred thousand, the cans are entitled to bear arms and I comes critical. remaining thirty thousand or less stlll being firmly believe we are entitled to this pro­ Plainly, much is wrong when a rust bucket subjected to other factors of mortality; tection. like the Argo Merchant, which had been Januatt·y 31, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2841 plagued with breakdowns earlier, can keep Association issued statements to the section that states are authorized to have on sailing until its luck runs out on a reef. Ways and Means Committee and Senate right to work statutt!s. Like most of the other tankers 1n the Finance Committee in support of this Thus the battle ground o~ "Nhat will be recent news, this ship was under Liberian legislation. done in South may move outside the registry. Fleet owners routinely register their state to the legislative halls of Congress and ships in Liberia-or Panama, another "flag I really feel that Congress did not in­ to the White House itself. of convenience"-and it's no wonder. Sailing tend to make the law so narrow in its We think it would be unfortunate it' the under the American flag means paying high application, and I hope that my col­ federal government would dictate what wages and U.S. taxes; foreign registry cuts leagues will support me in the bill I am South Dakota can or cannot do in this area. costs by hal! or more. introducing today. The text is as follows: We also think the big unions have enough But the foreign registry also limits the A blll to amend the Internal Revenue Code power to influence their members without control that can be exercised over the ships of 1954 to· exempt certain additional air­ the arbitrary system of the closed shop. by the U.S. Coast Guard or other agencies. craft museums from Federal taxes and South Dakotans who favor our right to And a t best the Coast Guard and inspecting the Federal tax on the use of civil aircraft, work setup will have to pass alona their crews are stretched too thin to keep the and for other purposes opinions to our elected represent::;. tiv:s after care.ful watch that is needed as tankers bring Congress convenes in January. in more than 40 per cent of the oil being Be it enacted by the Senate and House oj consumed in the United States. Representatives of the United States of The U.S. shipbuilding and maritime in­ America in Congress assembled, That sub­ MR. MARIGOLD AND THE FIGHT FOR 14-B dustry has been in sorry shape for years. paragraph (C) of section 4041(h) (2) of the (By Dave McNeil) Heavy subsidies have been provided by Con­ Internal Revenue Code of 1954 (defining aircraft museum for purposes of exemption PIERRE.-This is the story of Senator gress, amid scandals galore over the con­ Everett M. Dirksen's battle to preserve the tributions to congressmen by the maritime from taxes on special ) is amended by striking out "of aircraft of the type used Right-to-Work Law. Someone once asked the unions. But little gets done toward straight­ great senator what he considered his most ening out the mess in shipping. Most of the for combat or transport in World War II" and inserting in lieu thereof "of antique, shining legislative achievement. To the ques­ action taken have only made the mess worse, tioner's surprise, the answer was not propos­ increasing the discrepancy between Ameri­ custom-built, racing, aerobatic, military, or other special types of aircraft". ing the marigold as the nationaJ flower. The can flag shipping and registry under a for­ Senator instead replied, "Although it is per­ eign flag. SEc. 2. Paragraph (2) of section 4041(h) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954is amended haps a negative distinction, I am most proud It should not take more sinkings and more of the bills which I prevented from being spllls to alert the new administration to by striklng out "the term 'aircraft'" and inserting in lieu thereof "the term "aircraft enacted." He further stated, "The American the pressing need for a review of the whole people can thank God that only 6 to a shipping situation. Unilateral action may museum'". SEc. 3. The amendments made by the first percent of all legislation introduced in Con­ not be enough, although some posit1ve steps gress becomes law." Dirksen realized the toward port and shorellne safetv can surely two sections of this Act shall take effect on October 1, 1976, except that insofar as they most basic ingredient of democratic freedom be taken by Congress. International co­ lies in the absence of excessive regulation. operation could help even more. And since affect the tax imposed by section 4491 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 (relating to He knew it is perfectly possible for a free oil sp111s and ocean currents don't recognize society to legislate itself to . He believed nationa1 boundaries, every nation with a use of civil aircraft), they shall take effect on July 1, 1976. the accompllshments of a government can­ coastline has a stake in this battle against not be measured in inches of statutes and pollution. the freedom of man cannot be measured on a ratio of federal regulations. Standing high on a stack of bills which MUSEUM AffiCRAFI' TAX KEEP RIGHT-TO-WORK LAW he prevented from being enacted was one that made him most proud, one that I am EXEMPTIONS sure he regarded among his more important HON. JAMES ABDNO~ achievements because he was instrumental OF SOUTH DAKOTA in getting it shelved. The bill would have HON. BARRY M. GOLDWATER, JR. enacted the repeal of Section 14-B of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Taft-Hartley Act. OF CALIFORNIA Monday, January 31, 1977 The legislative battle took place in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, South fall of 1965 and the early months of 1966, and Monday, January 31, 1977 it was regarded as one of President John­ Dakotans have repeatedly reaffirmed son's most severe legislative setbacks. It all Mr. GOLDWATER. Mr. Speaker, I am their belief that a person's right to hold surrounded 14-B. Senator Dirksen summed introducing today a bill to broaden the a job should not be conditioned upon his up his attitude towards the repeal of 14-B language of Public Law 94-530, which membership in any organization through in these words : "It is not a labor issue as amends the Internal Revenue Code to approval of the State's right-to-work far as I am concerned, but a pre-emptive exempt certain aircraft museums from law. Such a law in no way inhibits orga­ issue. If the federal government pre-empts the power of the states to act in this field, Federal fuel taxes and the Federal tax nization of or membership in labor the states will never again regain their right on the use of civil aircraft. unions, but it does protect the employ­ to deal in labor matters. Is there l'. more Unfortunately, when Congress enacted ment of persons who, for whatever rea­ fundamental right than the right to make a legislation last year to make this exemp­ son, choose not to become members of living for one's self and for one's family tion, an oversight occurred in that cer­ the union. without being compelled to join a labor tain types of aircraft museums failed to I would like to share with my col­ organization?" So he opened the filibuster qualify for it. leagues a recent editorial in the Madi­ and the bill was finally shelved in late Oc­ tober of 1965. Under heavy labor pressure, Public Law 94-530 applies only to son, S. Dak., Leader as well as a recent it was brought up again when Congress con­ museums which are "operat&d exclusively column by Dave McNeil, executive vice vened in January, 1966. Again, Dirksen began for the procurement, care, and exhibition president of the Greater South Dakota another "attenuated discussion," a thirteen­ of aircraft of the type used for combat Association, addressing this very impor­ day filibuster that was called "the second or transport in World War II." tant issue: battle of 14-B." However, some aviation museums [From the Madison (S. Dak.) Leader, Section 14-B was finally burled with the maintain World War II aircraft together Dec. 10, 1976] letter RIP (Rest in Peace) on February 10, with other types, such as World War I 1966. Senator Dirksen's final comment on KEEP RIGHT To WORK LAW 14-B was, "They'll bring it up again ovel' and other antique , custom-built, Many South Dakotans believe that this my dead body." And so he saved Section 14-B racing, and aerobatic planes. As the law state's "right to work" law is a good one. of the Taft-Hartley Act. is presently written, these museums can­ The law prevents compulsory unionism or Now, here we are eleven years later and, not be exempted from Federal fuel taxes. the "closed shop" but permits other union true to the Senator's prediction, 14-B is up One such museum, the Experimental activity. again and he 1s no longer with us. There Aircraft Association Museum in Franklin, The right to work law in South Dakota and wlll surely be another attempt to repeal14-B Wis., has an outstanding display of air­ other states may be threatened, however, by in the 95th Congress with its labor domina­ action in Washington after Jimmy Carter tion and President Elect Carter's statement craft. The Experimental Aircraft Asso­ becomes President. that he will sign the repeal of 14-B if it gets ciation strongly supported Public Law Pres.-elect Carter's position is not exactly to his desk. Some South Dakotans seem to 94-530 in the belief that its museum clear, but he has indicated to labor leaders believe our state will not be affected by such would be included in the fuel tax exclu­ that he would sign a law repealing section a repeal. The fact our right-to-work law is sion. In fact, the Experimental Aircraft 14(b) of the Taft-Hartley Act. It is under this in our State Constitution does not protect 2842 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 1977 it from repeal by Congress. As Senator Dirk­ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Your letter of August 11, 1976 expresses sen said, 14-B is a pre-emptive issue, which Washington, D.C., August 30, 1976. concern about allegations of "brainwashing" means Section 14-B gave the states the orig­ Hon. EDWARD H. LEVI, of members of religious cults and notes a inal opportunity to enact right-to-work Attorney General, Department of Justice, reluctance on the part of the Department laws; therefore, its repeal does override our Washington, D.C. of Justice to investigate these allegations. constitutional right-to-work law. DEAR MR. ATTORNEY GENERAL: On AU­ You further suggest in both letters a meet­ The South Dakota Right-to-Work Law is gust 11, Congressman Robert N. Gi&imo sent ing between certain experts in the field of one of the pillars of our positive business you a letter requesting that an appointment "brainwashing" and a representative of the climate. It is this positive business climate be arranged between you or your principal Department of Justice. that has enabled our state to move very fast deputy and Professors Robert J. Lifton and The Department of Justice, of course, along the path towards industrial diversifica­ Richard Delgado. The purpose of this meet­ cannot conduct a general inquiry into the tion and, thus, economic stabilization. With­ ing would be a discussion of "brainwashing" activities of a religious organization. There out 14-B, we lose a competitive edge. and its possible application by the various first must be an allegation of a violation pseudo-religious cults which emerged in this of Federal law. country in recent years. As you know, we have received numerous We are concerned about the activities of letters from the parents of cult members BRAINWASHING OF MEMBERS OF these cults. While we recognize that their alleging that their adult children are the RELIGIOUS CULTS actions are protected by the Bill of Rights, victims of "brainwashing". Consideration has we cannot overlook the allegations of brain­ been given to the possibillty that the impo­ washing which have been advanced by peo­ sition of mental restraints upon the freedom HON. ROBERT N. GIAIMO ple who have left the cults. of movement of a cult member might con~ OF CONNECTICUT We hope that you will meet with Professors stitute a violation of the Federal kidnaping Lifton and Delgado. Following this meeting, statute, 18 U.S.C. § 1201. In Chatwin v. United IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES we would hope that you would advise us of States, 326 U.S. 455, the Supreme Court rec­ Monday, January 31, 1977 what you intend to do in response to the alle­ ognized that an unlawful restraint could be gations of "brainwashing." achieved by mental as well as by physical Mr. GIAIMO. Mr. Speaker, last Sep­ We beseech you to honor this request. means. However, the restraint must be tember, I inserted for the benefit of my Sincerely yours, against the person's will and with a wlllful colleagues the text of correspondence Robert N. Giaimo, 3rd District, Connecti­ intent to confine the victim. It seems clear which I had with the Justice Department cut; Gary A. Myers, 25th District, that the court wlll not construe the statu­ on the seemingly religious cults. At this Pennsylvania; Robert A. Roe, 8th Dis­ tory language of § 1201 so as to punish one ·time, I again am including these letters trict, New Jersey; Ken Hechler, 4th individual who induces another individual District, West Virginia; Matthew J. to leave his surroundings to do some inno­ for the RECORD so that those Members Rinaldo, 12th District, New Jersey; cent or illegal act of benefit to the former, who are not familiar with my efforts may G. Wm. Whitehurst, 2nd District, Vir­ state lines subsequently being crossed, 326 understand precisely what I am trying ginia; George Miller, 7th District, Call­ U.S. at 464. to accomplish: fornia; Richard Bolllng, 5th District, We have also considered the possibility AUGUST 11, 1976. Missouri; Joshua Ellberg, 4th District, that these allegations amount to violations Hon. EnwARD H. LEVI, Pennsylvania; Richardson Preyer, 6th of other Federal criminal statutes pertaining Attorney General, Department of Justice, District, North Carolina; Thomas J. to peonage and slavery. 18 U.S.C. § 1581 pro­ Washington, D.C. Downey, 2nd District, New York; H. hibits holding or returning any person to a DEAR MR. ATTORNEY GENERAL: For quite John Heinz III, 18th District, Penn­ pondition of peonage. The gravamen of this some time, I have been interested in and sylvania; George E. Brown, Jr., 36th offense is the holding of another to labor in most concerned about complaints which I District, California; Max Baucus, 1st satisfaction of a debt. United States v. Gas­ have received from constituents regarding District, ; Richard L. Ottin­ kin, 320 U.S. 527. This clearly does not apply the involvement of young Americans in ger, 24th District, New York; Norman to the situation in which a cult member is pseudo-religious cults. I am particularly con­ F. Lent, 4th District, New York; Gerry induced to work for a rellgious group. With cerned about the allegations of "brainwash­ E. Studds, 12th District, Massachu~ regard to 18 U.S.C. § § 1583, 1584, which pro­ ing" which have been advanced by several setts. hibit slavery and involuntary servitude, the people who have left these cults. victim must have or believe that he has no There is a general reluctance on behalf of SEPTEMBER 3, 1976. way to avoid continued service or confine­ officials at the Justice Department to in­ Hon. EDWARD H. LEVI, ment. If the victim has a choice between vestigate these charges. Perhaps this reluc­ Attorney . General, Department of Justice, freedom and confinement, even if the choice tance occurs in part because officials have Washtngton, D.C.: of freedom entails what he believes to be seri­ not had the benefit of the assessments of The following Members of Congress have ous consequences, then there is no violation. "brainwashing" by leading authorities on the advised me that they would like to be added See United States v. Shackney, 333 F. 2d 475 subject. to the list of co-signers of my letter to you (1964) (2nd Clr.). Two qualified experts in this field are will­ of August 30: In order to initiate a Federal criminal in­ ing to discuss this rnatter with you or your Representative James L. Oberstar, 8th Dis­ vestigation under the kidnaping statute or principal deputy. Professor Robert J. Lifton trict, Minnesota. under 18 U.S.C. §§ 1583, 1584, of individuals of Yale University is recognized as one of Representative Wllllam R. Cotter, 1st Dis­ alleged to have subjected cult members to the world's authorities on brainwashing. trict, Connecticut. "brainwashing", there must be information Professor Richard Delgado of the University Representative Bill Frenzel, 3d District, or an allegation that the victim was actually of Washington School of Law has concen­ Minnesota. deprived of his Uberty against his will by trated his activities in the legal aspects of Representative Leo J. Ryan, 11th District, physical or mental restraints. Allegations brainwashing. I believe that their comments California. that the victim was induced, persuaded, would provide invaluable information on this Representative Leo C. Zeferettt, 15th Dis­ proselytized, or brainwashed to continue his problem. Professors Lifton and Delgado have trict, New York. association with the cult would be insuf­ indicated that they would be able to discuss Representative Martha Keys, 2d District, ficient. In the case of a kidnaping investiga­ "brainwashing" and these cults with you Kansas. tion, there alsf> would have to be information sometime in the first three weeks of Septem­ Representative Clarence J. Brown, 7th Dis­ or an allegation that the victim was being ber. I would appreciate your advising me trict, Ohio. held for ransom, reward, or otherwise and promptly as to when you or your principal We would appreciate a prompt and favor­ that the jurisdictional element of interstate deputy would be able to meet with them. able response to our request. travel was present. In a related matter, I have yet to receive Representative RoBERT N. GIAIMo. I am informed that some parents of cult a reply to my April 13 letter to you on this members have had success in pursuing civil matter. I yield to nobody in my support for remedies involving court appointments as those freedoms protected by the First DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, conservators or guardians for their adult Amendment. But, what am I to say to the Washington, September 7, 1976. children. Additionally, in a case entitled parents of young people who are convinced Hon. ROBERT N. GIAIMO, Helander v. Unification Church, et al., case that their children are unwilling members of House of Representatives, No. HC7-75, Superior Court for the District these cults? Is there any way, short of "kid­ Washington, D.C. of Columbia-Famlly Division, the parents napping" their own children, that these par­ DEAR CONGRESSMAN GIAIMO: Your letter of a cult member petitioned for a writ of ents can talk to these young people? Am I to to the Attorney General dated August 11, Habeas Corpus. Although the court held that tell them that their government can or w111 1976 and your letter to Assistant Attorney there was insufficient evidence to establish do nothing? General Uhlmann dated August 23, 1976, that the cult member had been restrained I eagerly await your reply to this letter. have been referred to the Criminal Division. from her lawful liberty by the Unification Sincerely yours, A search of Criminal Division files falled Church, it seems clear that with a sufficient RoBERT N. GIAIMO, to disclose receipt of your letter of Aprll 13, showing, Habeas Corpus is yet another rem­ Member of Congress. 1976. edy in these situations. In view of the more January 31, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2843 stringent burden of proof required in crim­ good reason to believe that a 5 cents per gal­ CONFERENCE AGAINST INTELLI­ inal prosecutions, it seems clear that ag­ lon entitlement could stimulate delivery of GENCE-GATHERING: PART I grieved parents would have a greater likeli­ sufficient imported home heating oil at a hood of success in pursuing civil remedies price below the average wholesale price of rather than requesting criminal prosecu­ U.S. heating oil and thereby stabilize or HON. LARRY McDONALD tions. slightly reduce the cost to homeowners. Given OF GEORGIA With regard to your proposal for a meet­ the severity and immediacy of the problem ing with Professors Lifton and Delgado, I we face, I strongly recommend that a full IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES believe that before such a meeting took entitlement be granted to all New England Monday, January 31, 1977 place, we should have the benefit of review­ importers of home heating oil--even at the ing their publications or other works in the cost of temporarily increasing our reliance Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, the field of "brainwashing". If you wish to sub­ on foreign oil imports. leaders of the campaign to blind our mit any such publications to the Depart­ In assessing this present "crisis", if we Nation's Federal and local intelligence­ ment, we would be happy to review them cannot designate a villain perhaps It is be­ gathering agencies so that criminal and and advise you as to our views of the ap­ cause the lies too close to home. A Fed­ totalitarian groups may be free to plot propriateness of such a meeting. eral Energy Administration check of New against our constitutionally guaranteed Thank you for your interest in this matter. England distributors has not found any in­ Sincerely, stances of price gouging nor any increase rights unhindered, and that terrorists RICHARD L. THORNBURGH, in normal profit margins. The proponents of and foreign spies may operate undis­ Assistant Attorney General, Criminal home heating oil decontrol cannot be faulted, turbed met last week in Chicago to ex­ Division. as it is likely that high prices and short change information and coordinate their supplies would have been experienced this activities. winter under continued controls. Our fed­ A National Conference on Government eral regulatory agencies were exonerated Spying-NCG8-was held at the North­ from blame when Congress voted to decon­ NEW ENGLAND'S HOME HEATING trol and approved of the Post Exemption western University School of Law in CRISIS Monitoring System. The blame for New Eng­ Chicago, on January 20-23, 1977. The land's most recent "energy crisis", if it is conference was organized by the National to be assumed at all, must be shouldered Lawyers Guild-NLG-which first pro­ HON. STEW ART B. McKIN·NEY by our failure to coordinate both a national posed the conference at its August 1976 OF CONNECTICUT and regional energy policy. The present ex­ national executive board-NEB--::neet­ orbitant costs and the danger of insufficient IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing in Brunswick, N.J. supplies are further examples of the price The National Lawyers Guild has ex­ Monday, January 31, 1977 we pay in the absence of a definitive energy program. We cannot continue to operate plicitly stated its support for revolu­ Mr. McKINNEY. Mr. Speaker, last under this patchwork approach to New Eng­ tionary "armed struggle" and terrorism Friday I had the opportunity to address land's energy demands. as in the armed occupation of Wounded a meeting of New England's Federal En­ We must insure that the federal govern­ Knee and in violent prison riots. The ergy Administration regional officials ment becomes responsive to our unique re­ NLG International Committee maintains and members of the New England Cau­ gional energy needs and that such aware­ open liaison with terrorist Marxist "lib­ cus on the subject of New England's ness results in affirmative actions which ad­ eration movements" such as the Pal­ home heating crisis. dress those specified needs. We, as repre­ estine Liberation Organization. The NLG sentatives of the New England region, must My remarks follow: become increasingly cognizant of our par­ is a member of the Soviet-controlled In­ NEW ENGLAND'S HOME HEATING CRISIS ticular energy problems and develop a re­ ternational Association of Democratic Ladies and gentlemen, I am pleased at the gional program to meet them. The relatively Lawyers-IADL: the NLG was formed opportunity to participate in this exchange lower home heating oil costs in the rest of with the assistance of the Comintern in of ideas on matters of urgent importance to our FEA price monitoring region is just one 1936 and was cited as the "foremost legal homeowners in Connecticut and throughout example of the significant differences that bulwark of the Communist Party, its New England. The people of Southern Con­ exist in the energy requirements of New Eng­ fronts and controlled unions." The NLG necticut have been hit hard by this winter's land as opposed to the broader Northeast severe cold and the resulting increase in fuel region. now operates as a working coalition of prices. Like you, I have heard from numerous First and foremost, a program of resource Communist Party, U.S.A.-CPUSA­ constituents who are paying up to 50 cents priority usage for the nation and our re­ members and supporters, Castroite Com­ per gallon to heat their . They are gion must be devised and strictly enforced. munists, Maoist Communists, and vari­ understandably upset. If imported products are to be ous New Left activists. Despite the ineffectiveness of the FEA's our primary fuel source for the next 20 Coconvenors of the National Confer­ Post Exemption Monitoring System to pro­ years, followed by , nuclear and solar ence on Government Spying were: tect the average homeowner from dramatic power, then let's plan for that. Let us estab­ American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), price increases following the decontrol of lish a time table which our producers, im­ middle distillates, I do not favor the reinsti­ which stated in its 1970-71 Annual Report, porters and distributors can rely on. These "The ACLU has made the dissolution of tho tution of controls. The 25% increase in home priorities, in turn, would require us to struc­ fuel consumption over last year's level has Nation's vast surveillance network a top ture our environmental regulations to com­ priority;" and whose leadership includes NLG been tagged as the major cause for this­ pliment that time table so that ut1lities can New England's most recent "energy crisis." As members and totalitarian Marxist-Leninists. avoid costly interruptions and conversions American Friends Service Committee a. result a possibility, more discomforting and will be willlng to make capital invest­ than the thought of exorbita.nt heating bills, (AFSC), which has expressed approval· of the ments based on those assurances. Within Vietcong, Red Chinese, Palestine Liberation arises-the danger of having no fuel at all that framework, we can explore the obvious regardless of price. The question of price Organization, Khmer Rouge and Cuban com­ benefits of constructing refining facllities munists efforts to create "socialism;" and controls versus production incentive and sup· in New England and thereby eliminate future ply is a.n uncertain one at best. However, :;.n which excuses revolutionary terrorism on manifestations of the current price disad­ the grounds that the oppression caused by the midst of one of the coldest winters in vantage we suffer in relation to those with memory, I think it highly unwise to capitalism is greater and came first. AFSC ready access to refineries. distributed a manual, Intelligence Abuse and that theory with the reinstitution of con­ As a group, organized under the New Eng­ trols. your Local Police, which contains a.n April, land Caucus, we have both the voice and 1976, resolution of the AFSC Board calling Our primary task, and initial recommen­ forum to present our ideas to the rest of dation to the Federal Energy Administra­ for outright abolition of the CIA and in­ the Congress and push for the development ternal security function of the FBI and call­ tion must be to insure New England home­ of a national energy plan. owners of sufficient supplies to meet this ing for the outlawing of all "clandestine Ladles and Gentlemen, a regional energy U.S. activities abroad" and of all domestic winter's needs. Our secondary, but no less plan is not a viable consideration unless op­ serious concern is to reduce or a.t least sta­ intelligence-gathering activities. erated in conjunction with a larger federal Center for National Security Studies bilize the cost of home heating oil. In this program. But as a Caucus, we have both the particular situation we must remember that (CNSS), a project of the Fund for Peace we are not seeking the best but mo.st im­ capability and responsibility to present our financed principally by the Field Founda­ mediate solution to this problem. Ideas to our colleagues and push for the de­ tion and staffed from the Institute !or Pol­ Granting a healthy entitlement, approXi- velopment of an energy plan on a national icy Studies (IPS), a far-lert think-tank mately 5 cents per gallon, not only appears scale. I hope that we can learn from this which has never excluded violence from its to fill that bill, but may also provide a much­ most recent crisis and get on with that vital experiments in revolutionary "'social needed reduction in consumer costs. There is task. change." IPS continues to have members 2844 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 1977 of terrorist organizations on its staff; and Peace/CNSS activities, by the Field Chicago, Civ. Action 75 C 6295

Cost-of-living index 1 (N.Y. equals 100) Members' pay in local currency 2 Members' pay in current Countri es Number City Amount year U.S. dollars a

United States. ______------92 Wash ington ______------______$44, 600 1976 $44,600 Australia ______- --- ____ ------$A20, 000 1975 27, 350 Canada ______-- ____ ------~~ ~odn~~~aC ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~======~ Can$24, 200 1976 24, 000 Denmark ______-- __ ------122 Copenhagen _------DKr150, 000 1976 25, 000 France ______------____ ------123 Paris _------Fl20, 300 1976 23,400 Italy ______------__------____ ------77 Rome_------___ _ Litll, 500, 500 1976 13,000 Japan ______- --- ______- - __ ------123 Tokyo •------¥ 5, 000,000 1972 17, 100 Netherlands ______------123 lhe Hague _------f.75, 300 1975 28,450 Sweden ______------__ ------120 Stockholm ______------United Kingdom ______------______SKr86, 800 1975 20, 400 88 London _____ ------· __ £4, 500 1976 7, 700 West Germany . . ______------120 Bonn.------DM44, 100 1975 18, 300

1 Source: U.N. Monthly Bulletin of Statistics (special table D) AUI!Ust 1976. 3 Rounded t'ff current exchange rates. 1' Source: Embassies of respective countries and Library of Congress. • Excluding housing.

NATIONAL GRADUATING CLASS OF that by g1vmg these youngsters recog­ A TRffiUTE TO JIMMY CARTER 1977 MONTH nition of this type, the Congress will be offering them special encouragement to continue to excel and pursue pro­ HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM HON. HERBERT E. HARRIS II ductive lives. OF NEW YORK OF VIRGINIA The bill follows: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Whereas those students graduating from Monday, January 31, 1977 Monday, January 31, 1977 · high schools in 1977 will represent the first graduating class of America's tricentennial Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, the in­ Mr. HARRIS. Mr. Speaker, today, I period; and auguration of Jimmy carter as Presi­ am introducing a bill which would desig­ Whereas national recognition of their dent has filled Americans everywhere nate the month of June 1977 as National talents and achievements will motivate them with a new spirit of hope and faith in Graduating Class Month and reaffirm and others to pursue further educational America. One such individual is a con­ experiences and productive lives; and our commitment to the educational goals Whereas special acknowledgment of their stituent of mine, Rabbi Baal-Ha-Tov. of this Nation's youth. talents and achievements is appropriate at This gentleman has created a beautiful I would like to particularly acknowl­ this point in our Nation's history: Now, scroll in honor of President Carter which edge the achievements of the 14,000 high therefore, be it has been signed by numerous dignitaries. school students graduating in 1977 from Resolved by the Senate and House of The rabbi has been doing such scrolls schools in the Eighth District of Vir­ Representatives of the United States of commemorating Presidents since Harry ginia. America in Congress assembled, That the Truman's day and has had many of them It seems highly appropriate to set a month of June 1977 is designated as "Na­ publicly displayed. tional Graduating Class of 1977 Month", In this commemorative time in order to fully and the President of the United States is addition, gentleman was so in­ recognize the accomplishments of these authorized and requested to issue a procla­ pired by President Carter that he has young people, as the 1977 class will be mation calling upon the people of the United written the following poem, which I the first high school graduating class in States to observe that month with appropri­ would like to share with my colleagues America's tricentennial period. I believe ate ceremonies and activities. and other readers of the REcoRD: 2868 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 1977

CARTER'S CHORUS to earn freedom for their families. This strong dren's Services, and Save the Children (By Rabbi Ba.a.l-Ha-Tov) sense of loyalty was portrayed in the dying Federation. This endeavor will provide words of Nathan Hale: "I only regret that I for the protection of the individual con­ Birds are singing have but one life to lose for my country." sumer in the field of voluntary contribu­ Chimes are ringing Where has this p~triotism gone? Where Music is rhyming would I be without men such as he? tions. It is also a protection to the chil­ Themes have timing Many wars have been fought since the first dren who benefit from these organiza­ People are dining settlers came and thousands of noble men tions because it will guarantee that fund­ Happy faces are shining have bled for the idea of a free nation. These raising and administrative expenses are Joyous hearts humming men knew the perils of war but each looked kept at the lowest possible percentage of Better days are coming unafraid into the eye of Death. The heritage receipts. The needy children of the world Crowds are dancing of Independence, that caused our forefathers will become, in fact, the beneficaries of Lofty adventures advancing to their lives, is the tradition that Cheering impressions implanting every American should be proud of. When the generosity of the American people. Throngs are chanting I consider all the brave men who died for I enclose the full text of this "code of America is smarter the preservation of my future, then I am ethics" to be inserted in the RECORD: In choosing Jimmy Carter proud to be an American. CODE OF FuND-RAISING ETHICS FOR To save America's starter Americans know there are problems in the VOLUNTARY AGENCIES Skilled Navigator's charter United States; however, we never stop to be Cognizant of the value of and need tore­ Keen intellectual imparter thankful that war has not overpowered our state high principles 1n fund-raising, the Morality righteousness worth bother government. The United States appears, in undersigned voluntary agencies in person-to­ Advocate justice extreme ardor the eyes of various nations, as a "beacon person assistance herewith reatnrm and Really no one works harder light" shining through dark, foggy skies. As pledge continuing compliance with the fol­ To further progress much farther a lighthouse save ships from peril, the United lowing minimum ethical standards of prac­ Inauguration, celebration States helps many countries less fortunate tice: Commemoration, adulation than we. 1. We maintain full confidentiality of all Inauguration celebration of Jimmy A true American may be a mixture of na­ sponsors and contributors on our mailing Carter tionalities. What caused so many people to lists, which will neither be sold to nor ex­ Who w1ll represent leave their homes to come to America? If a changed with any other agency or commer­ Everybody's President man's country had no food for him or en­ cial enterprise. couragement, only frowns and punishment, 2. Using uniform accounting methods, as he would turn to America, the proud land of prepared by the American Institute of Cer­ equal opportunity. In our land a man would tifled Public Accountants, we will make full THE MEANING OF AMERICA not be classed as a beggar, because he owns financial disclosure as reported in audit to a rank of importance, United States citizen­ any requesting person, agency or the media., ship. This should make each American proud and will publish annually a full statemeni to aid individuals from other nations. of support, revenue, expenses and changes in HON. CARROLL HUBBARD, JR. What denotes the United States as such a OF KENTUCKY fund balances. unique and successful country? A totally 3. We are committed to minimize overhead IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES different people, all striving for the ideas of costs; to keep fund-raising and administra­ Monday, January 31. 1977 freedom and independence, make America tive expenses at the lowest possible percent­ what it is today. The citizens control our age of receipts. Mr. HUBBARD. Mr. Speaker, our Na­ government through participation in elec­ 4. We utilize designated contributions only tion means a great deal to all Americans, tions. A government "of the people, by the in programs and projects identifled. by the though I would doubt that its meaning people, for the people" enables all citizens donor. to have a voice. This is a giant step from the 5. We pay no commissions, percentages or is the same for any of our citizens. I Colonial Days to modern times and without would like to share with my colleagues finder's fees to anyone for the acquisition of doubt the Pilgrims would be pleased with new sponsors or contributors, (to the adver­ in the House the meaning of America our progress. tising media., employees, or outside con­ through the eyes and in the words of I know there are still loyal Americans in sultants). Miss Pennye Steele, a perceptive junior the United States. The people who are proud 6. We refuse to engage in dubious fund­ at the Hughes-Kirk High School in my of what they are w111 work to secure a richer raising methods, including mailing unso­ legacy for the future; these are the true licited merchandise or cannisters; paid can­ First Congressional District of Kentucky. Americans I It is wonderful to live in a free Pennye is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. land where we can be whatever we make vassing; telephone solicitation to the gen­ Cecil Steele of Beech Creek in Muhlen­ eral public; offering prizes or sweepstakes; ourselves. As an heir to a great heritage, I am combining appeals with commercial sales berg County. Her essay, "What America proud to be an American. I will always love which do not define specific benefits to the Means to Me," won the Voice of Demo­ my country for what it is" ... one nation agency; conducting misleading campaigns or cracy Contest sponsored by VFW Post under God, indivisible, with Uberty and jus­ events; and paying for or making use of in­ 5478 in Greenville, Ky. It is as follows: tice for all." sincere endorsements. WHAT .AMEBicA MEANs To ME 7. We make economical and judicious use (By Miss Pennye Steele) of all methods of fund-raising including di­ rect mail, broadcast and print advertising. Why did so many people come to America? CODE OF FUND-RAISING ETHICS 8. We are truthful in our broadcast, print What is a "true American"? Are there any FOR VOLUNTARY AGENCIES and direct mail advertising using actual, cur­ Americans left in the United States? Is there rent case histories and honest statements of any reason why I should be proud to be an purpose. We neither minimize nor overstate American? the human needs of those whom we assist. I can visualize the Pilgrims on board the HON. JOHN M. MURPHY 9. We demonstrate respect for the integ­ Mayflower in the early 1600's, anxiously OF NEW YORK rity, pride, beliefs and culture of the people awaiting the landing at Plymouth . IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES whom we serve, and will not denigrate them They had not yet recovered from the perilous in our advertising and promotion. voyage when the wintry winds planted dis­ Monday, January 31, -1977 10. Our objective in all our efforts is to ease in their midst. Nevertheless, these way­ Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. Speak­ further the good of the children who are in farers had come to America for freedom and er, I recently received a copy of the "Code need, their families and communities· to freedom they meant to have. It seems unreal of Fund-Raising Ethics for Voluntary raise the resources required. to assist them that the hardships sut!ered during their first and to increase the good will and support of icy winter helped to shape our nation today. Agencies" from the Christian Children's our constituents and the public on one hand The dream of the settlers was one of Inde­ Fund of Richmond, Va. This is, to my and of the people and governments of the pendence, freedom to live without fear of knowledge, the first self-imposed multi­ nations we serve on the other. punishment. Who would have imagined that agency attempt to regulate voluntary Christian Children's Fund, Richmond the idea of independence was anchored so foreign aid organizations serving chil­ Virginia. ' firmly 1n the rebels' hearts? What shocking dren. Compassion, Chicago. news! The colonies were actually going to I would like to take this opportunity Foster Parents Plan, Warwick Rhode war with their mother country. Island. ' America. has sheltered many famous per­ to heartily commend the Christian Chil­ Holt International Chlldren's Services sons, people who possessed an unsurpassed dren's Fund and the four other child wel­ Eugene, Oregon. ' spirit of nationalism and loyalty. These fare organizations, Compassion, Foster Save The Chtldren Federation, Westport Patriots were willing to give their own lives Parents Plan, Holt International Chi!- Conn ecticut. ' January 31, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2869 OUTSTANDING NEWSMAN, THOMAS Mr. Frier bas been dedicated to his church why they are faced with severe financial FRIER, ANNOUNCES RETIREMENT and denomination, being a deacon in Doug­ problems. las First Baptist Church. He has served as Mr. Speaker, to give you a better idea IN GEORGIA Sunday School Superintendent, member of the Building Committee responsible for erect­ of the impact of the drought on many ing the present church plant, and chairman of our local educational agencies, I HON. BILL LEE EVANS of the Bond Sales committee which raised the would like to share with you the re­ OF GEORGIA necessary funds for this construction. marks of the superintendent of one of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Frier was one of the organizers of East­ our smaller school districts. The follow­ side Baptist Church, working with the con­ ing is a part of a statement given by Monday, January 31, 1977 gregation while a mission of First Baptist. Superintendent John T. Biegler, Polo Mr. EVANS of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, In Baptist denominational life, Publisher School District 29-2, Polo, S. Dak., to the Frier has served as modera tor of the Smyrna a well-k-11own and highly respected news­ Association, trustee of Baptist Village, mem­ State board of education on September man has decided to step down from the ber of the board of directors of the Chris­ 21,1976: publishing field, and I wish to extend my tian Index, trustee of Norman College, mem­ I would to .... discuss the added impact good wishes to him upon completion of ber of the Georgia Baptist Convention Ex­ that thts drought will have on the small nearly 40 years of outstanding service. ecutive Committee, and the lay member from school. Thomas Frier of Douglas, Ga., is one of Georgia on the Southern Baptist Conven­ First of all, the drought will force this our State's outstanding newspaper ·pub­ tion's Committee on Committees. school distrdct to cut tts General Fund ex­ The retiring newspaper publisher has been penditures by 32.23% or $32,000, for the next lishers and he is truly a fine g~ntleman. on numerous Baptist lay missions, havtng school year. The reason for th1s 1s because While he is turning over his newspaper worked with churches in Japan, Hong Kong we, like many small schools 1n the state, responsibilities to his two sons, Tom. Jr.• and India. His effort in these areas was under are more dependent upon the assessed eval­ and David Frier, we have an idea that supervision of the Southern Baptist Conven­ uation on agricultural property, than bigger Thomas Frier, along with his wife, Ruth, tion's Foreign Missions Board. school districts. In our case, 97.68% of our will continue to be in the forefront of Future plans for the retiring newspaper­ total assessed evaluation 1s agricultural "doing what is right" in their home area man include completion of research and property.... Unlike some school distrdcts, we of Douglas and Coffee County where the writing of a comprehensive history of the are at maximum mlll levy. We will not have a significant carry over, nor do we have a Friers have already made significant con­ Douglas First Baptist Church, and contribu­ tions of special features to the Enterprise substantial cushion bUilt up. tributions in church and civic activities. from time to time. Before the real problem for the small Mr. Speaker, I wish to share the an­ school 1s finding ways to cut. We offer 26% nouncement of his retirement with my units of credit-Just one-half above the re­ colleagues in the House of Representa­ quired min1mum. So, we can't cut curric­ tives: LEGISLATION TO PROVIDE DIS­ ulum. That leaves activtttes. Certainly, as (From the Douglaa (Ga.) En!terprtse ASTER AID FOR EDUCATIONAL much I hate to, we can cut activities. But Jan. 13, 1977] in our case, thts would only result 1n a sav­ AGENCIES ings of $1,500 to $2,000, which 1s really not ENTERPRISE PUBLISHER THOMAS H. FRIER terribly slgniflcant when trytng to cut ANNOUNCES RETIREMENT $32,000. Announcement is made today of the retire­ HON. JAMES ABDNOR So what do we do? In all honesty, anc1 an ment of Thomas H. Frier, 58, publisher of the OF SOUTH DAKOTA sincerity, I don't know. Certatnly we can Douglas Enterprise for the past 37V:z years. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES borrow the money. But what scares me His sons, Thomas H. Frier, Jr., and J. David about that is what happens if we have Frier, will succeed him, assuming the active Monday, January 31, 1977 another dry spring and summer. management of Enterprise Publishing Co., Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, I am to­ Mr. Speaker, I would like to emphasize Inc. A native of Douglas, the retiring publlsher day introducing a bill to amend Public the fact that this is not an isolated case. is son of the late W. R. Frier who operated Law 81-874, relating to financial as­ While the situation described by Mr. the Enterprise for 31 years. He succeeded his sistance in federally affected areas. My Biegler is certainly one of the worst, it father in 1939, immediately following gradua­ bill would amend section 7 (A) of the is also characteristic of the predica­ tion from the University of Georgia with act to provide financial assistance to ment that many other South Dakota an A.B. degree in journalism. local educational agencies located in school districts are facing. They are During these years Mr. Frier has seen the whole or in part within an area in which badly in need of help and have nowhere Enterprise grow from a small six-page, 800 an emergency exists. to turn. The South Dakota State Legis­ circulation weekly to an average 32-page, 3,850 circulation community newspaper. At the present time, the impact aid lature, which is presently meeting in Through these years the Enterprise has been law provides assistance to school dis­ Pierre, is acutely aware of the problem the recipient of more than 60 state and tricts which suffer a loss of revenue due and is doing all it can to ease the burden national awards for excellence. to a catastrophe which is declared by the of our local educational agencies. How­ Publisher Frier's personal operation of the President to be a "major disaster." Until ever, the droughts has had a devastating newspaper was interrupted only once back in such time as the President makes this impact throughout the State's economy, the early 40s, when he saw service in the U.S. declaration, there is no other .avenue for and the legislature will be hard-pressed Army during World War II. In that critical schools in need of help, even for those to generate the funds necessary to pro­ period Mrs. Frier and one employee con­ schools within an emergency area. vide additional aid to our schools. tinued publication of the Enterprise until her husband's return in 1945. In South Dakota, we are currently suf­ Mr. Speaker, we have been working Mr. Frier .has been involved in community fering the effects of one of the worst long and hard to try to convince Con­ life through these years. He has served as droughts in this history of the State. gress and the administration that a president of the Douglas Rotary Club, b~ing Although over two-thirds of the counties drought is a disaster that deserves the one of the organizers and charter members in South Dakota have been declared same attention as a flood, fire, hurricane. of this service club. His sustained interest "emergency" areas, we have been un­ earthquake, or other catastrophe. We in the economic development of Coffee successful in our attempts to obtain a have made some progress in this effort, County resulted in several tenures of service "major disaster" designation. As a re­ and it may be that we will receive a on the Chamber of Commerce board of di­ rectors and a term as president of the trade sult, our schools are ineligible to receive major disaster designation in the months body. Federal aid. ahead. Whether we are successful or not, In his profession, Mr. Frier has been active The drought has caused a significant I believe it is imperative that Congress tn the Georgia Press Association, serving sev­ reduction in the valuation of personal provide a mechanism to give assistance eral times on the board of managers, chair­ property in a great many school districts to needy school districts. It is sad that man of the annual Press Institute in Athens, due to the forced selling of foundation the U.S. Congress is able to provide mil­ and more recently as president of the Georgia cattle herds. Statewide, the livestock in aid to disaster victims in for­ Press AssociS~tion. It was during his term of selloff is currently projected to be about eign lands, but we are oftentimes reluc­ ofilce that a building was purchased in At­ with lanta as the permanent home for the Asso­ 40 percent, nine counties haVing an tant to provide help to our own citizens ciation's central offices. estimated selloff of over 70 percent. in times of need. The Enterprise publisher is a member of Since our school districts in South Da­ The legislation that I am introducing Sigma. Delta Chl, National professional jour­ kota are primarily dependent on county today would allow the Commissioner of nalism society. property tax revenues, it is easy to see Education to provide help to school dis- 2870 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 1977 tricts which are truly in need"of finan­ ning with "The amount so provided for any adverse effects it would have on the Na­ cial assistance, whether they be located fiscal year"; and tion's health care system are potent in major disaster areas or in emergency (C) l>y striking out "such agency has :-:uf­ fered a disaster" and inserting in lieu thereof arguments against its adoption. As with areas. As we all know, the declaration "an emergency, major disaster, or catas­ many other forms of national health in­ of a major disaster area is often a diffi­ trophe has occurred" in the last sentence. surance, there would be higher costs per cult decision to make, and because of SEc. 2 Section 7(b) of the Act of Septem­ beneficiary than under private plans, it this fact, it is important to give the ber 30, 1950 (20 U.S.C. 241-l(b)) is amended would act as a disincentive for people to Office of Education some flexibility in by striking out "disaster" in each place i~ ap­ seek preventive or early treatment, it providing aid to local educational agen­ pears and inserting in lieu thereof ·• emer­ would encourage increased utilization of cies. I urge my colleagues to join me in gency, major disaster, or catastrophe". the more expensive services and create this effort to provide necessary educa­ SEc. 3. The title of section 7 of the Act of September 30, 1950 (20 U.S.C. 241-1) is a further distortion of the allocation of tional opportunities for all our citizens. amended to read as follows: "Assistance for health resources. Moreover, it would do Following is the text of the bill: current school expenditures in cases of cer­ nothing toward alleviating the problem H.R. 2663 tain emergencies, major disasters, and of increased health costs, merely shift A bill to provide financial assistance to local catastrophes." the burden of administering catastrophic educational agencies located in whole or insurance from the private to the public in part within an area in which an emer­ sector. The taxpayers now have the free­ gency exists dom ·to choose, from among many plans, Be it enacted by the Senate and House CATASTROPHIC HEALTH INSUR­ the plan offering the amount of coverage of Representatives of the United States of ANCE: IF YOU WANT IT, ALL YOU they need or want at a price they can America in Congress assembled, That sec­ HAVE TO DO IS ASK FOR IT tion 7(a) of the Act entitled "An Act to pro­ afford. Under a Government plan, the vide financial assistance for local educational vast majority will be forced to pay much agencies in areas affected by Federal activi­ HON. PHILIP M. more in return for little additional benefits. ties, and for other purposes" (Public Law OF ILLINOIS 874, Eighty-first Congress, approved Septem­ I believe that our present system has ber 30, 1950, as amended; 20 U.S.C. 241-1 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the capability to provide adequate cata­ (a) (1) (A)), hereinafter referred to as the Monday, January 31, 1977 strophic insurance coverage without Act of September 30, 1950, is amended- (!) by striking out clause (1) (A) and in­ Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, though Federal intervention and the ills that serting in lieu thereof the following: HEW Secretary Califano stated during would inevitably accompany it. What is "(1) (A) the Director of the Office of Emer­ his confirmation hearings that he does really needed is a greater public aware­ gency Planning determines with respect to not expect President Carter's plan for ness of the availability of low-cost cata­ any local educational agency (including !or comprehensive national health insur­ strophic insurance, not a mandatory and the purpose of this section any other public ance to be submitted to the Congress universal plan. agency which operates schools providing Mr. Llewellyn H. Rockwell, Jr., pre­ technical, vocational, or other special educa­ this year, it seems likely that we will be tion to children of elementary or secondary asked to consider a number of other pro­ sented a clear and convincing case school age) that such agency is located in posals to provide Federal assistance for against the adoption of catastrophic NHI whole or in part within an area in which health care. As either an alternative to in the January 1977 issue of Private an emergency (as defined in section 102(1) or a of comprehensive NHI, Practice magazine. I am inserting that of the Disaster Relief Act of 1974 ( 42 U.S.C. legislation has been proposed that would article in the RECORD for the benefit of 5122(1))) or a major disaster (as defined provide mandatory and universal health my colleagues: in section 102 (2) of such Act ( 42 U.S.C. 5122 PRIVATE CATASTROPHIC HEALTH INSURANCE FOR (2))) has occurred after August 30, 1965 insurance for catastrophic illnesses. A FAMILY OF FOUR: $1 A WEEK and prior to July 1, 1978, which in the deter­ While I would not dispute the fact that mination of the President pursuant to sec­ some Americans experience great eco­ (By Llewellyn H. Rockwell, Jr.) tion 301 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 5141), is or nomic hardship as the result of acci­ Americans aren't storming the Capitol de­ threatens to be of sufficient severity or mag­ dents and long-term illnesses, which ex­ manding National Health Insurance. But the nitude to warrant emergency or disaster as­ public support that does exist--leaving out sistance by the Federal Government; or"; haust both their insurance benefits and those ideologically biased in favor of govern­ (2) by striking out clause (1) (B) and in­ savings, I feel that the need for national­ ment control of everything-rests on the un­ serting in lieu thereof the following: ized catastrophic insurance has been derstandable fear of financial disaster "(B) the Com:nissioner determines with greatly exaggerated. Before we adopt through catastrophic 1llness. respect to any such agency, without regard such a plan we must first examine Before we can rationally discuss the neces­ to whether an emergency or major disaster whether the problem of catastrophic ill­ sity or desirab1Uty of a catastrophic NHI b111, has occurred in the area, that public ele­ nesses is sufficiently widespread to jus­ we need to answer some questions: mentary or secondary school facillties of tify the great expense of Federal insur­ How widespread is catastrophic lllness? such agency have been destroyed or seriously How available is private health insurance damaged prior to July 1, 1978, as a result ance. that will cover such lllnesses and end the risk of any of the catastropes listed in section Nearly all Americans are covered by of financial wipeout for the average fainily? 102(1) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 5122(1)), ex­ either private health insurance or Gov­ How much does such coverage cost? cept any such catastrophe caused by negli­ ernment-financed medical care such as How many Americans already have this gence or malicious action; and" medicare, medicaid, CHAMPUS, or VA. coverage? (3) in clause (2) by striking out "dis­ More than 180 million of us have some For some fam111es, a hospital b111 of $750 aster" and inserting in lieu thereof "emer­ kind of private health insurance plan would be catastrophic. Others could pay gency, major disaster, or catastrophe", and $7,500 without strain. In most studies, how­ by inserting "emergency, major disaster, or" and 135 million have a form of cata­ ever, $2,000 and $5,000 are the most common before "catastrophe"; strophic coverage. Statistically, only 1 figures. (4) in clause (3) by striking out "dis­ percent of the population is struck by Six years ago, Dr. Francis A. Davis made a aster" and inserting in lieu thereof "emer­ catastrophic illness-bills of more than study of catastrophic medical expenditures in gency, major disaster, or catastrophe"; $2,000, and of those, more than 80 per­ Shawnee, Oklahoma, where he practices. (5) in clause (4) by striking out "in the cent are over 65 and covered, therefore, Greater Shawnee, with a population of case of any such major disaster", and by by Government programs. For the re­ 50,000, was close to the U.S. average in num­ striking out "impaired by such disaster" and mainder, private insurance and/or fi­ bers of hospital beds and hospital admissions inserting in lieu thereof "impaired by such per 1,000. In that year, he discovered, only emergency, major disaster, or catastrophe"; nancial resources suffice to pay the bills one percent--72 patients-had bills of more and of all but a few of these patients. The than $2,000. Of those 72, 6D--84 %-were over (6) in the portion that follows clause number of people left unprotected under 65 and already covered by a government pro- (4)- our present system of mixed private and gram. Ten had private catastrophic coverage, (A) by striking out "such agency suffered public coverage is hardly large enough and two had the resources to pay their own a disaster" and inserting in lieu thereof "an to warrant a Federal program costing a bllls without trouble. Hardly a crisis. But emergency, major disaster, or catastrophe minimum of $20 billion annually. what about the country as a whole in these occurred" in the sentence beginning with days of significantly higher costs? "Such additional assistance"; Aside from the fact that a catastrophic Health researcher Michael Meyer decided (B) by striking out "disaster" and insert­ NHI plan would benefit only a small seg­ to find out. His results are reported in the ing in lieu thereof "emergency, major disas­ ment of the population, most of whom best study of this question yet published. ter, or catastrophe" in the sentence begin- have no need for additional coverage, the "Catastrophic illnesses and Catastrophic January 31, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2871 Health Insurance," sponsored by the Herit­ Despite his apparent commitment to a Ken­ 35 million American homes waste the age Foundation of Washington DC (1974). nedy-Corman-srtyle comprehensive NHI plan, equivalent of 130 million barrels of oil Meyer used a scientifically selected sample some Washington observers believe President of 132 hospitals in 25 states involving almost Carter will propose catastrophic coverage as a annually, simply because they lack ade­ 26,000 patients. first step toward a. complete government quate insulation. Further, home heating All kinds of hospitals were surveyed, but takeover of the medical care system. units can frequently be made more en­ the psychiatric and other longterm hospitals Most probably, such a plan would pay all ergy efficient with regular maintenance provided some especially interesting data: expenses over $2,000. And the cost the first and the installation of certain devices "1. While psychiatric patients comprise only year, the Congress of County Medical Socie­ which will improve the thermal efficiency 2 percent of the total hospital admissions, ties estimates, would be about $20 billion. of the system. That is, about $370 for a family of four­ the average psychiatric hospitalization is a In catastrophic expense . . . approximately vastly more expensive than private coverage. an attempt to provide homeowners $8,000. 2. Patients in tubercular and other And given the example of past government with both the ability and incentive to respiratory disease hospitals and longterm medical programs, we could expect the cost make energy saving improvements, I general hospitals, comprising .4 percent of to grow at a frightening rate. introduced H.R. 1466 on January 6. This the total hospital admissions, also have . . . Of course, $20 billion is a fraction of what legislation would amend the Internal catastrophic illness expenses (averaging) comprehensive NHI would cost. But even it Revenue Code to permit the individual a $6,000." This 2.4 percent of hospital admis­ would exert a high price in bureaucratic tax credit for 25 percent of amounts paid sions plays a disproportionate role in the controls on patients and doctors, with plenty or incurred for the installation of more total figures. of incentives to shoddy care and corruption And 19.3 percent of all the patients in thrown in, if Medicaid is any guide. effective insulation and heating equip­ the survey were receiving Medicare assist­ Although it would be the least onerous ment in existing residential structures up ance. But only 0.9 percent of all the patients form of NHI, the distortions it would intro­ to a total of $375 to $750 in the case of a whose bills were less than $9,000 were on duce into the marketplace might make joint return. The concept embodied in Medicare; 40 percent of those whose bills catastrophic NHI the beginning of the end this measure enjoyed wide suppart in the exceeded $3,000 were Medicare patients. for private medical care in America. Congress last session, only to be dropped The total results showed that: The key to stopping this kind of govern­ by the conference on the Tax Reform Act 8.7 percent of all patients had hospital ment intervention in medicine is doctors in­ expenses over $2,000. forming patients about the private, non­ of 1976. It has the endorsement of nu­ .3 percent of all patients had hospital ex­ bureaucratic coverage available now. If mil­ merous energy experts, including former penses over $10,000. lions more buy it, the cost will drop dramati­ Federal Energy Administrators John 4.2 percent of all patients had hospital ex­ cally. Sawhill and Frank Zarb. penses over $5,000. Organized medicine and lobbyists for the In the one week since I wrote to my The increase over Dr. Davis's figures can health insurance industry are working for colleagues asking them to join me in sup­ be explained by the major contributors to their own forms of government medicine, porting this bill, 35 Members have agreed rising medical costs: Medicare and Medicaid, spending millions in the process. They don't to cosponsor my conservation legislation. government inflation of the money !fupply, really believe in it, but see it as a preferable and costly governmental hospital regulations. alternative to Kennedy-Carman. The cosponsors, who represent both Of course, only a minority of Americans But what if they spent their time ar.d parties and all regions of the Nation, go to the hospital in any one year. Applying money telling the American people about the include: these findings to the entire population, Mey­ private coverage available, and encouraging Mr. Harrington of Massachusetts. er showed that .8 percent of all Americans pools and other non-governmental solutions Mr. Mazzoli of Kentucky. have expenses in one year exceeding $5,000; to insurance for the presently non-insur­ Mr. Lagomarsino of CalLfornia. but of this .8 percent, almost 80 percent able? The promoters of government-con­ Mr. Lehman of Florida. are either psychiatric or Medicare patients. trolled medicine might not have a chance. Mr. Wilson of Texas. In other words, leaving aside these two spe­ Mr. Broyhill of North Carolina. cial categories (where government is so heav­ Mr. Moakley of Massachusetts. ily involved), only .16 percent of all Ameri­ Mr. Kostmayer of Pennsylvania. cans have seriously catastrophic expenses A WAY TO SAVE ENERGY Mr. Corcoran of lllinois. in any given year. Mr. Thompson of New Jersey. PRIVATE HEALTH INSURANCE Mr. Lott of Mississippi. Mr. Moorhead of California. The private health insurance industry­ HON. WILLIAM S. COHEN Ms. Mikulski of . like private medical care-is a supreme ex­ OF MAINE Mr. Lujan of New Mexico. ample of the way the free market responds IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES Mr. English of Oklahoma. to consumer demands. In 1847, the first Mrs. Fenwick of New Jersey. health insurance company wa.s founded. By Monday, January 31, 1977 Mr. Horton of New York. 1940, about 12,000,000 held policies. Today, Mr. COHEN. Mr. Speaker, the events Mr. Miller of Ohio. over 180 million Americans have some form Mr. Hettel of Hawaii. of private health insurance, individually or of the past week throughout the eastern Mr. Andrews of North Dakota. as members of groups. 135,000,000, according two-thirds of our Nation should convince Mr. Cleveland of New Hampshire. to the Health Insurance Association of Amer­ all Americans-especially those of us in Mr. Davis of South Carolina. ica, have some form of catastrophic coverage. Congress-of the perilous energy situa­ Mrs. Meyner of New Jersey. 85.5 million have comprehensive major medi­ tion facing the United States. Not since Mr. Edgar of Pennsylvania. cal insurance which pays, often, 100 percent Mr. Studds of Massachusetts. of everything over $1,000 (and usually 80 the Arab oil embargo of 1973 has the need been more apparent for Congress to take Mr. Corrada of Puerto Rico. percent under that) up to a maximum rthat Mr. Hughes of New Jersey. varies from $10,000 to $25,000, in most cases. quick steps to conserve our ever-dimin­ Mr. Coughlin of Pennsylvania. Most of the remainder of the population is ishing supplies of all forms of fossil fuels. Mr. Gephardt of Missouri. covered under some government program: Perhaps the most alarming and shame­ Mr. Cederberg of Michigan. Medicare. Medicaid, Champus, or VA. ful fact to emerge from the present Mr. Gilman of New York. But what about people who don't have this Mr. Fish of New York. coverage already? How much would it cost crisis is that as a society, we waste at for them? least one-third of the total energy we Mr. Treen of Louisiana. Mr. Long of Maryland. Financial advisor Sylvia Porter points out consunie. Several experts have put this that catastrophic coverage, which piggybacks figure even higher. Clearly, encouraging Mr. McKinney of Connecticut. on major medical, is surprisingly inexpensive. greater energy conservation and more I urge all of my colleagues who share A policy that pays all expenses up to $250,- efficient use of existing fuel supplies has our concern over America's profiigate 000, with a $10,000 deductible, costs a person become a major national priority. use of energy to join us in sponsoring this in the 25-29 age bracket $22 a year. Children One of the most elementary, yet im­ are $4 each. For a young family of four, in bill. Action now is imperative. If we de­ other words, catastrophic coverage eosts $52 portant steps that can be taken in the lay, the warm breezes of April and May a. year. For the individual 35 years old, the conservation area is to increase the en­ may wipe all memory of this winter's un­ cost is $32. At 45, it's $40; at 50, $44; at 55, ergy efficiency of existing residential pleasantness from our minds-increasing $48. Between the ages of 60 and 64, the cost structures by seeing that they are prop­ the likelihood of an even greater disaster Is still only $52 a year. erly insulated. The average uninsulated next winter. CATASTROPHIC NHI house wastes about 700 gallons of fuel If you wish to cosponsor this timely A number of catastrophic National Jiealth each year, and, in the present economic measure, please contact Tom Heyerdahl Insurance bills have been Introduced Into climate, we simply cannot ~olerate that of my staff at 56306 at your earliest op­ Congress. Long-Ribicoff is the best known. kind of waste. Indeed, studies show that portunity. 2872 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 31, 1977 THE CONGRESSIONAL PAY RAISE bill instituting a job-safety program for gress has given them an example of self­ CAPER postal workers. Acting behind closed indulgence. doors, the Senate Post Office and Civil Worse, we have engaged in political Service Committee added the pay-raise chicanery in doing it. HON. WILLIAM L. ARMSTRONG proposal to the House-passed bill. On For these reasons, I have joined with OF COLORADO July 29, the bill was ratified by the full 70 other Representatives in introducing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Senate, 58 to 29, and sent back to the legislation to rescind the cost-of-living House. machinery and to require roll-call votes Monday, January 31, 1977 Did the proposal languish in the House on all future congressional salary in­ Mr. ARMSTRONG. Mr. Speaker, it Rules Committee, as run-of-the-mill creases. This legislation was bottled up in used to be that the only way we could legislation so often does? Not at all. The committee during the last Congress, and get a pay raise was to stand up and pub­ next morning, the committee, by a voice only the public outraged at the long way licly vote on it--a method which forced vote, suspended its rules in order to allow we have gone toward inflation-proofing us to listen to the feelings of our con­ the bill to be considered on the floor that ourselves and our counterparts in the stituents back home. It was a good sys­ very afternoon, July 30. executive and judicial branche~an tem and the vote to fatten one's own Debate lasted less than an hour. Sup­ spring it loose for consideration. pay'check was not taken often or lightly. porters of the bill said flatly that they For the time being, it seems to me that But that is in the past now. In the deserved a pay raise. Opponents called we in Congress have become a little less summer of 1975, Congress adroitly in­ the procedure a "sly backdoor trick" by representative than before. Our constitu­ sulated itself from ever again having to which Members were assuring them­ ents are being savaged by inflation-most run the pay-raise gauntlet. selves future pay raises without the po­ of them not fortunate enough to get Assiduously avoiding any publicity, we litical risk of recorded votes. When the automatic cost-of-living increases. As a hooked ourselves onto a mechanism that roll was first tallied, the opponents' reminder that the Nation's economic will mean semiautomatic pay raises year arguments seemed to have carried. But troubles have been caused, in large part. after year. Ironically, this means that we House Speaker Carl Albert ordered the by Congress, and will not be cured until lawmakers, who in recent years have con­ voting machinery kept open, and several Congress has the wisdom and courage to tributed so much to the spiraling cost of lawmakers were persuaded to change do so, I think we ought to suffer along living have pretty well removed our­ their votes. The result was approval by with the people who elected us. selves'from the consequences of inflation. one vote: 214-213. From now on, every year that salaries A month later, the President's Advi­ go up generally· in the Nation, Congress­ sory Committee on Federal Pay recom­ men will get a pay increase. There may mended an 8.66-percent cost-of-living LEARNING FROM HISTORY be some quibbling over the size of the increase for Federal white-collar work­ raise, but the trend will be inevitably ers. And, for the first time, Congressmen and others were included. President Ford HON. JAMES ABDNOR and regularly upward. OF SOUTH DAKOTA In 1974, we debated a pay raise for asked that the raise be held to 5 percent. ourselves, then backed down as the U.S. Although his recommendation carried, it IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES public, ravaged by inflation, let us know was merely a choice between a larger or Monday, January 31, 1977 in no uncertain terms that our salaries smaller salary increase. Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, three of $42,500-a-year seemed adequate. When the legislative appropriations events and proposals of recent weeks dis­ Thereupon, Members in both the House btll was considered in the summer of turb me deeply because they all hinge on and Senate decided to set up machinery 1976, a number of amendments were our ability to defend ourselves and our that would end the embarrassment of suggested. While most were barred from relationship with the free world. I have having always to ask our employer-the even being considered by adoption of a previously told my colleagues of my ob­ public-for a raise. modified closed rule, Congress did vote to jections to the amnesty for Vietnam The greatest obstacle to this scheme forego a pay raise--but just for 1976. draft evaders which is now fact. My con­ was public opinion. So, in early 1975, The way this amendment was drafted, cern is also addressed to the proposed planning was quietly begun among om­ however, left two enormous loopholes. recognition of Vietnam and the propos­ cials of the Civil Service Commission, the First, the automatic pay raise machinery als for reduction in defense spending. White House, the Offi.ce of Management was left intact. So an automatic pay hike Whether we like it or not, every action and Budget, and key officials of the House will take place ag,ain in 1977, and 1978, we take is carefully watched by the rest and Senate Post omce and Civil Service et cetera, unless corrective legislation is of the world. We are recognized as the Committees. In time, the majority and adopted. sole guardian of the concept of individ­ minority staffs of the two committees Second, the language allowed the rec­ ual freedom on this globe, and as long drafted a bill that would give Congress­ ommendation of the quadrennial Com­ as we remain strong in our capability to men, Federal judges, and high-$36,000- mission on Executive, Legislative and defend this principle we will be respected. a-year and up-Federal executives the Judicial Salaries to be adopted. This chi­ Should, however, our actions as a nation same percentage cost-of-living pay hikes canery meant that Congress could vote be perceived anywhere as wavering in that all Federal employees receive--un­ against a pay boost and still get it. our strength and our determination to der the Pay Comparability Act of 1970--­ But the basic fact remains: The law preserve freedom, weaker nations lack­ to keep their salaries in line with those now precludes the opportunity to vote on ing the courage and resolve to stand paid in comparable non-Government the more pertinent question of whether alone, will :flock to where they believe jobs. there should be pay raises at all. the strength lies. And therein lies the The whole operation was carried out in My opposition to pay increases is not peril of this trio of events. utmost secrecy. "We didn't want the facts based on my estimate of what Congress­ In a recent editorial on Radio KKLS, to get out before it was done," admits men should be paid-and, to be sure, the Rapid City, S. Dak., Abner Hunter one of the bill's engineers "We wanted to last previous pay raise was in 1969. In­ George reflected on our recent Bicenten­ move on this thing before editoria1 stead, I am concerned about the example nial observance and whether we had, in­ writers could have a field day." Each step set for the Nation. Our economic system deed, learned the lessons from our past was taken, as the nonpartisan Congres­ has been seriously damaged by Congress mistakes with relation to our place in sional Quarterly noted, "on the assump­ fiscal irresponsibility. We are not yet re­ the world that we should have learned. tion that routine handling would doom covered from a recession and the accom­ His remarks bear heeding by my col­ the bill to failure," that full debate would panying high unemployment c:!aused by leagues: trigger angry public reaction. runaway Federal spending, and already Thus, the bill's managers decided on we are seeing grim signs that continued EDrroRIAL BY ABNER HUNTEB GEORGE ON an old parliamentary ploy: Tacking the deficit financing may touch off new dou­ JANUARY 19, 1977 As I look back on the just completed pay raise onto a noncontroversial, totally ble-digit inflation. Under such circum­ Bicentennial celebration and consider what unrelated bill ready for quick :floor pas­ stances, this is a time for restraint. But, it all meant, I wonder if we failed to take sage. On June 16, the House passed by instead of giving Americans a demon­ note of some of the lessons of History. One voice vote and sent to the Senate a minor stration of prudence and sacrifice, Con- major part of that yeoar long look at our- January 31, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2873 selves was to look back over the first two Although limited amounts of caffeine much as half the caffeine as a cup of coffee). hundred years to see what we did right ... may help clear the mind, fend off drowsi­ In addition to stimulating the brain, caf­ and what we did wrong ... in an effort to ness and speed up reaction time, it can feine stimulates the kidneys to produoe more apply the lessons learned over the past two urine. hundred years to make the next hundred cause many undesirable effects. Caffeine's virtues have prompted many years better. These are pointed out in the personal drug manufacturers to include it in medica­ Maybe, in our efforts to have a joyous cele­ health column of Wednesday's New York tions designed to relieve pain, premenstrual bration, we spent an inordinate amount of Times by writer Jane E. Brody. tension and cold symptoms (where it coun­ time on the good times of the past at the Brody reports: ters the drowsiness produced by antihista­ expense of the lessons we should have Large doses of caffeine-the result, say, of mines). Caffeine is also the active ingredient learned from the hard times. Did we neglect drinking several cups of coffee at one time or in over-the-counter drugs to help people stay to look carefully at some of the mistakes we 10 or more cups a day--can cause irregular or awake. In fact, the dose of caffeine in a single made? Are we in danger of repeating some rapid heart beats; insomnia; upset stomach: stimulant tablet is no greater than that in a of them? I see signs that we very Hkely increased breathing rates, blood pressure and cup of brewed coffee, but the unaware con­ might f'SJ.l into some traps that proved to be body temperature, nervousness and irritabil­ sumer may pay a lot more for caffeine in the serious blunders in fairly recent history. ity. drug than in the drink. I was born during world war one ..• the Caffeine and even decaffeinated coffee stim­ Caffeine, which constricts cerebral blood war to make the world safe for democ­ ulate the release of acid in the stomach, and vessels, is used to treat migraine-type head­ racy •.. and grew up in the interim before therefore coffee in any form is ill-advised for aches and to counter the effects of drugs world war two . . . the war to end wars. I ulcer patients. Patients with high blood that depress the central nervous system. It is served in the army in world war two, not pressure or fever may also be told to avoid being studied as a treatment for hyperac­ gloriously waving our cherished banner on caffeine, since it raises both body temperature tivity in children (in whom it has a calming high, but rather in the day after day and blood pressure. effect) and to stimulate breathing in pre­ drudgery that is more the real story of war mature babies who tend to stop breathing than the flaming battles for territory. Since November I have been urging during sleep. You don't have to be clairvoyant to reallze coffee drinkers to boycott the brew. Many At the same time, however, caffeine may that the world is neither safe for Democ­ have responded and there are signs that have untoward effects. It can interfere with racy, nor safe from war. The day to day re­ fine muscular coordination and, possibly, ports of world events are ample proof of that. the impact is being felt. But the heavy accuracy of tlmlng. Large doses of caffeine-­ Why then, does it seem to me that we are coffee drinker may encounter serious the result, say, of drlnklng several cups of going down the same path now that we trod withdrawal symptoms-headache, nau­ coffee at one time or 10 or more cups a day­ in the twenty odd years between the two sea, vomiting, depression, drowsiness--by can cause irregular or rapid heart beats; world wars. I remember while I was in col­ going cold turkey; these persons should insomnia.; upset stomach; increased breath­ lege in the 1930's how unpopular it was to be weaned gradually. ing rates, blood pressure and body tempera­ maintain a reasonable defense establish­ I commend Ms. Brody's column to my ture; nervousness and irritabllity. ment. The great depression was upon us. We colleagues and am inserting it in the Caffeine "addicts" have sometimes been had to do without the guns and the other mistakenly diagnosed as suffering from an weapons of war. We didn't need a trained RECORD at this point: anxiety attack and treated incorrectly with army or even a reserve force. The ~TC was [From the New York Times, Jan. 26, 1977] tranquilizers instead of eliminating the cause ellmlnated as a requirement for young men PERsoNAL HEALTH: CAFFEINE, A Two-FACED of their dlfilculty. in college. The world was at peace ... We DRuG, No MA'l"l'ER How You TAKE IT Sometimes caffeine has paradoxical effects. had other, more pressing problems. When (By Jane E. Brody) In some people it may cause a headache; 1n war came, we were completely unprepared. others it may relieve one. In some it ra.lses I can remember walking guard duty at Fort "Light, no sugar" . . . "Regular" . . . the amount of sugar in the blood; in others Francis E Warren with a baseball bat in­ "Black." ... Few who have grown up 1n the it lowers it (and may consequently stimulate stead of a rifle. Eastern part of this country need to be told hunger pangs or, rarely, a hypoglycemic re­ I wonder now 1f our country had even that these orders refer to the all-American action-a dizzy, weak, nauseated, headachy, been half prepared for the turn in world drink--coffee. More than half the world's cof­ irritable feeling). events if that war would ever have happened. fee beans are brewed here. The average adult The effects of caffeine show up within 30 I wonder too, if todays leaders are making American consumes 16 pounds, or approxi­ to 60 minutes of its ingestion and last sev­ the same kind of tragic decisions when they mately 800 cups, each year of this brown, eral hours. Half the amount consumed is refuse to provide modern weapons systems nonnutritive liquid extracted from the beans gone from the body within three and a half and call for further reductions in the armed of Coffee arabica and related spices. hours. forces. I hope we are never foolish enough But whether drunk light or dark, sweet or The source of caffeine does not seem to to think that the world will be a safe place bitter, hot or iced, with caffeine or without, make much difference in how rapidly it is without a strong, ready and well equipped one cup a day or 10, many people are con­ a.bsorbed into the blood, how high a level defense establishment. Just look back at the fused about the effects-good and bad-of is reached and how long it stays around. past fifty years and think about it. coffee and its constituents and where else Many people believe that while coffee in the Thank you. these inngredients may be obtained. evening will keep them awake, tea won't. ABNER HUNTER GEORGE. Recently the soaring price of coffee has A cup of tea does have less caffeine than forced some to think seriously about the role coffee-between half and three-quarters the coffee plays in their lives and whether they amount. But one careful study showed that could--or would want to-give it up or at on an empty stomach, the caffeine in tea is least reduce their consumption of it. absorbed as readily as that in coffee, and COFFEE AND YOUR HEALTH The most important ingredient in coffee­ when the same doses of caffeine are given as and the one primarily responsible for its con­ tea or coffee, the same levels of caffeine are tinuing popularity-is caffeine, a drug that reached in the blood. Instant coffee has lest> HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL powerfully stimulates the central nervous caffeine than brewed coffee, but more than OF NEW YORK system and gives that fam111ar coffee "lift." tea. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Caffeine clears away mental cobwebs, relieves Caffeine and even decaffeinated coffee drowsiness, masks fatigue and creates for stimulate the release of acids in the stomach, Monday, January 31, 1977 many a general sense of well-being. and therefore coffee in any form is ill­ Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, there Its antisleep properties led, according to advised for ulcer patients. Patients with high may be a silver lining behind that cloud legend, to coffee's discovery some thousand blood pressure or fever may also be told to over the world coffee supply. Soaring years ago by Arabian sheperds who watched avoid caffeine, since it raises both body their charges gambol about all night after tempera.ture and blood pressure. prices may turn out to be a boon for the eating the berries of the coffee plant. Although one major study indicated that health of coffee drinkers if it causes them Caffeine in small doses helps produce a coffee drinkers face an increased risk of to cut conswnption. clearer train of thought, a keener apprecia­ heart attack, two subsequent studies that The reason is caffeine, a powerful drug tion of sensory stimuli and a swifter reaction took other factors--including cigarette smok­ that stimulates the central nervous sys­ time. Its "pick-me-up" properties largely ac­ ing-into account found no such relation­ tem. It is the ingredient that gives coffee, count for the popularity of cola drinks, 20 ship. a nutritionless beverage, its distinctive ounces of which have roughly the same There have also been suggestions that ex­ amount of caffeine as a six-ounce cup of cessive coffee intake during pregnancy may popularity as a "pick-me-up." brewed coffee. increa.se the risk of stillbirth, miscarriage A 6-ounce cup of brewed coffee has be­ Since children are more· sensitive to the or malformations in the child. Although this tween 100 and 150 milligrams of Caffeine, stimulant effects of caffeine than adults, relationship has by no means been proved, about double the amount in tea and cola some doctors discourage youngsters from moderation in the use of caffeine-containing drinks; instant coffee falls somewhere in drinking colas and cocoa (depending on the substances during pregnancy would seem between. source of the chocolate, cocoa can have as wise. 2874 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 3'1, 1977 An initial suggestion that coffee consump­ ules can mesh better with actual work week. The legislation is necessary be­ tion may increase the risk of bladder cancer flow, and because employees have a cause existing law forbids a workday of has not stood the test of further research. greater sense of personal responsibility more than 8 hours and a workweek of In laboratory studies, caffeine can cause for getting their jobs done, and per­ more than 40 hours without premium cancer-like changes in cells at doses 20 to 40 times higher than the highest level ever haps for other reasons as well. Since pay. This bill would also permit night measured in a habitual coffee drinker. productivity rises and since the costs of work under certain circumstances with­ At lower doses, caffeine seems to inhibit introducing a :flexitime program are out premium pay. the cancer inducing effects of other chemi­ small, this clearly means an increase in Let me give some clarifying examples. cals, and thus may be protective. However, efficiency. Under existing legislation, employees British studies suggested that another sub­ How does flexitime conserve energy? could choose to begin their workday any stance in coffee, chlorogenic acid, may en­ Chiefly by reducing gasoline consumption time between, say 6:30 and 9:30 and to hance the formation of cancer-causing nitro­ because rush hour traffic is spread out sam.ines in the stomach. end the day between 2:30 and 5:30, pro­ Heavy coffee drinkers who decide to break and thus relieved. Savings made in this vided they worked a full 8 hours. Under their addiction to caffeine should beware of way can be substantial. One study done my bill the workday could also begin and abrupt withdrawal. Dr. Morris A. Shorofsky by the Messerschmitt Co. in Germany end later, although there would still be of Beth Israel Hospital in New York reports estimated that 19,000 gallons of gasoline "core" hours in the middle of the day that sudden withdrawal can cause head­ were saved in 1 year by the 775 em­ when all employees would have to be ache, nausea and vomiting, mental depres­ ployees on flexitime. present. Also under my bill, an employee sion, drowsiness and a disinclination to Compressed hours schedules can also work. The symptoms, which begin 12 to 16 could choose to work, say, 10 hours 1 hours after the last dose of caffeine, can be save on costs of heating buildings if an day and 6 hours on a later day, or 45 relieved by caffeine. entire office or factory is on the same 4- hours 1 week and 35 hours another The best way to withdraw from caffeine, day schedule. The cost of warming up week, provided the workday still aver­ Dr. Shorofsky advises, is slowly, weanlng a cold building each morning after a aged 8 hours and the workweek still yourself a cup or two at a time over a period night of low or no heat need be borne averaged 40 hours. of a. week or more. only four times a week instead of five. The bill would also protect employees Caffeine content of common products The Governor of Minnesota is now put­ against coercion in the implementation [Amount caffeine per serving in milligrams] ting all State employees temporarily on of these programs. In addition, it would Foods and beverages: a 4-day week for just this reason dur­ stimulate the spread of flexitime by hav­ Brewed coffee, 6 oz. cup ______100-150 ing the current energy crisis caused by ing every Federal agency conduct one or Instant coffee, 6 oz. cup______86-99 this winter's unusually cold weather. more experiments with flexible hours. Decaffeinated coffee, 6 oz. cup___ 2-4 In addition to these broad social bene­ Tea, 6 oz. cup______60-75 Agencies for which this would be sub­ fits, flexitime offers important rewards to stantially disruptive could apply to the Cocoa, 6 oz. CUP------50 both management and labor: higher Cola, and Dr. Pepper, 12 oz______40-72 Civil Service Commission for an exemp­ Milk chocolate, 1 oz______3 morale among employees; reduced use of tion. The Civil Service Commission Bittersweet chocolate, 1 oz______25 overtime, sick leave and personal leave; would also study the experiments in [Amount caffeine per tablet in milligrams] virtual elimination of tardiness; length­ order to make recommendations to the ening of hours of service to the public at agencies about the most effective use of Prescription drugs: no extra cost; greater convenience to em­ Oa.fergot ------· 100 flexitime and to Congress about further narvon compound______32 ployees for combining work hours with legislation. Fiorinal ------40 personal and famlly responsibilities and Flexitime is one of those rare ideas Mlgral ------60 with education; reduced personnel turn­ which are good for both management [Amount caffeine per tablet in mlliigram.s] over; greater sense of responsibility by and labor, as it both raises productivity Over-the-counter drugs: employees in organizing their own work; and humanizes work. Numerous studies APC's, Anacin, Bromo Seltzer, and so on. The disadvantages appear to have amply demonstrated the desirabil­ Cope, Vanquish, Empirin com- be negligible. pound, Midol, Easy-Mens______32 ity of fiexitime in general; what re­ Virtually every firm or agency which mains to be studied is its application in Excedrin ------60 has tried flexitime is enthusiasti: about specific Federal agencies. It is for this Pre-Mens ------66 Many cold preparations______30 it. And it has been tried extensively, reason that my bill provides for at least Many stimulants, such as NoDoz__ 100 since its introduction in West Germany one experiment in each agency. Wher­ 10 years ago. Today, 50 percent of the ever flexitime has been tried, it has been white collar work force in West Ger­ such a success that it has spread rapidly. many and 40 percent of the entire Swiss This is an idea whose time has come. work-force are on flexitime. In the FLEXTIME: AN IDEA WHOSE TIME United States, such diverse companies HAS COME as Hewlett-Packard, Scott Paper, Sun Oil, and Occidental Insurance are on INTRODUCES BILL WITH INCEN- HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ flexitime. Within our Government, some TIVE TO INCREASE WORK OF NEW YORK 70,000 employees in over 50 units are FORCES already on a limited form of flexitime, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES including civil servants in the Baltimore Monday, January 31, 1977 office of the Social Security Administra­ HON. BUTLER DERRICK Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, I am in­ tion, the U.S. Army Tank Automotive OF SOUTH CAROLINA troducing legislation to enable and stim­ Command and the U.S. Army Natick IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES ulate new experimentation in the use Labs. of flexitime work schedules-called :flex­ Compressed hours schedules are ap­ Monday, January 31, 1977 itime--and compressed schedules in the propriate for a more limited number of Mr. DERRICK. Mr. Speaker, today I Federal Civil Service. agencies and employees, but where they introduced a bill to provide a significant This bill addresses two major problems are appropriate they provide important tax incentive to the private sector to in­ facing our Nation: the need to increase benefits in reduced commuting time, crease their work forces. Under my blll the efficiency of the Federal bureaucracy lower start-up and shut-down costs, each employer would receive a tax credit and the need to conserve energy. Virtu­ and more meaningful blocks of leisure of 50 percent of the wages of all new ally everywhere it has been tried, :flexi­ time. They usually involve a 4-day, 40- employees. The credit could not be used time has increased productivity, appar­ hour week, sometimes alternating with for more than 10 new hires and cannot ently for two kinds of reasons: First, standard 5-day weeks. exceed $80,000 a year. employees are present for more hours The legislatio;n I am proposing would Greater reliance must be placed on the since they make less use of leave time; amend existing legislation so as to make private sector if we are going to get our and second, the hours spent are more compressed schedules possible and to economy back to full employment. We productive--because they fit better with permit workers under ft.exitime to bank must get to full employment quickly if employees' biological clocks, because credit hours from day to day and from we are to balance the budget and allow very early and very late hours involve week to week, provided they continue all our citizens to enjoy the dignity and fewer interruptions, because work sched- to average 8 hours a day and 40 hours a financial security which comes from January 31, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2875 having a full-time job. Right now there American workers are employed in the French authorities detain Abu Daoud. are more than 9 million people who wholesale and retail trades, the service The issue, however, turns ultimately not are unemployed or who have simply industries, and in small manufacturing on narrow procedural rules of interna­ given up looking fo'r work. Providing companies. Almost two-thirds of all U.S. tional law, but on broad principles of them with welfare drains the Treasury employers have less than eight em­ morality and justice. As Dr. Alfred P. and their plight touches all of us who ployees. Rubin, professor of international law at have known the fear, and the loss of per­ Of course some portion of this tax the Fletcher School of Law and Diplo­ sonal pride which comes from being un­ credit will reduce labor costs of those macy at Tufts University, wrote in the employed. employees who would have been hired commentary in the Christian Science My bill offers a large incentive to em­ without the tax credit and not induce Monitor on January 27: ployers to hire new people. The 50-per­ new hirings.1 It is probably impossible There may be some doubt whether France cent tax credit means that the Federal to prevent such "leagages"; elaborate was legally obligated by its extradition Government is willing to go half-way and cumbersome administrative pro­ treaties ... but, having determined to ex­ pel Abu Daoud as an undesirable alien, there with the private sector to solve our num­ cedures could be developed to mitigate was no legal inhibition on France expelUng ber one domestic problem-unemploy­ these effects but they probably would not him on an airplane whose next stop would ment. Every job created because of this work and their major impact would be have been Bonn or Tel Aviv. new tax incentive costs the Federal Gov­ to deter employers from using the tax ernment $3,100. This compares with the credit at all. Besides the economic im­ An outstanding editorial on this matter costs of a public service employment job pact of whatever leakages occur is salua­ in the January 13 edition of the Wal­ of $8,500; a public works job of $10,000 tory; using the credit for noninduced tham, Mass., News-Tribune, makes the to $12,000. employment increases has an identical same essential point: The Congressional Budget Office has impact on the firm as any reduction in What is shocking about the decision in the projected that 7 million new jobs are their taxes. By lowering costs such a gen­ French court is that a major civilized coun­ try of the west had second thoughts about needed by 1980 to absorb the new en­ eral tax reduction reduces pressures on bringing to justice a mass murderer of 11 trants to the labor force and to reduce firms to raise their prices, viz. it has an innocent young men at the Olympics. the unemployment rate to 5 percent. anti-inflation effect. While the public sector performs essen­ Where the cercli t is used to increase It is essential that the protests against tial services and employment there will employment we would expect an increase the release of Abu Daoud not fade quick­ grow we must place major emphasis on in real output. By stimulating employ­ ly into the background. The ease with the private sector to provide jobs for our ment and output the tax credit would not which Abu Daoud escaped justice stands people. Eighty percent of the work force place pressure on prices as do many as a source of encouragement to would­ is employed in the private sector and it traditional employment stimulating pro­ be terrorists throughout the world. Men has been the growth of the private sec­ grams, for example, public service em­ and nations committed to justice and to tor which has made our economy the ployment increases income but does not the fight against international terrorism strongest in history. increase the supply of goods and services must continue to make known their out­ After taking into account the normal available in the marketplace. rage at the French court's action and growth of the labor force and employ­ General tax reductions and tax in­ their determination to deal justly and ment my preliminary estimate is that centives to increase investment help courageously with terrorists. this employment tax .credit will induce stimulate employme_nt, but they are in­ I commend to the attention of my col­ the creation of 1.5 million jobs. This esti­ direct and inefficient tools for job leagues the essay by Dr. Rubin which mate is being currently evaluated by the creation. By directly reducing the costs appeared in the Christian Science Moni­ Congressional Budget Office and the De­ of hiring new people the Federal Gov­ tor and the Waltham News-Tribune edi­ partment of Treasury. The average cost ernment can directly and efficiently in­ torial, which follow: per job, under the tax credit proposal, is duce firms to expand their work forces. ABU DAOUD CASE: FLOUTING WORLD LAW about $3,000. This compares to $8,500 per (By Alfred P. Rubin) job for public service employment, Abu Daoud, accused of participating in the $10,000 to $12,000 per job under the ac­ kllling of Israeli athletes at the Munich celerated public works program, and CRITICISM OF FRANCE'S RELEASE Olympic Games In 1972, has been released $9,000 to $11,000 for Job Corps and WIN OF ABU DAOUD CONTINUES by France and has flown off to Algeria. There may be some doubt whether France was le­ training slots. gally obliged by its extradition treaties to The bill does not make the employ­ HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN turn him over to the police of West Ger­ ment tax credit a permanent feature of many, where his alleged crimes had their OF ~SSACF.nJSETTS the tax code. There is a ''sunset provi­ major effect, or to Israel, whose nationals sion" under which the credit expires IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES were the victims of his alleged crimes. But, automatically after 5 years unless ex­ Monday, January 31, 1977 having determined to expel Abu Daoud as an plicitly renewed by the Congress. Fur­ undesirable alien, there was no legal inhibi­ thermore, the Secretary of Treasury is Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, the shock tion on France expelling him on an airplane wave created by a French court's hasty whose next stop would have been Bonn or required to report to Congress, during release of the international terrorist Tel Aviv. the second and fourth years of imple­ known as Abu Daoud continues to rever­ The legal effect of France permitting this mentation, an evaluation of the employ­ berate. Men of conscience continue to accused accomplice of murder in West Ger­ ment creation effects of the credit, its criticize the decision to free one of the many to choose his own exit route was to net revenue loss to the Treasury, and treat him better than the law would have alleged perpetrators of the massacre of permitted had he been at all times a mem­ other information required for a com­ the Israel athletes at the Munich prehensive congressional review. ber of the armed forces of a state. The kill­ Olympics, despite extradition requests ing of civilians or, indeed, members of a This bill cannot cost "too much." from two nations. surrendered enemy military force is a so­ Every dollar spent supports the private France has repeatedly asserted various called "grave breach of the 1949 Geneva Con­ sector, provides jobs, and fights inflation. legal grounds which rendered invalid the ventions. Parties to those conventions, in­ The bill provides for a refundable em­ extradition requests from the Federal cluding France, West Germany, and Israel, ployment tax credit of 50% of the wages Republic of Germany and Israel; the are obliged "to search for persons alleged to of employees hired after the "base quar­ latter two nations have just as vigorously have committed ... such grave breaches, ter"; each firm can claim the credit for and . . . bring such persons, regardless of argued that they complied with interna­ their nationality, before (their) own courts" up to 10 "new" employees; there is a tional law in their requests that the or hand them over to other of the parties for maximum credit of $80,000 allowed for trial. Assuming Abu Daoud acted as a sol­ any taxable year. While the tax credit 1 This issue is relevant for all Federal tax dier, there can be little doubt that France is available to all employers, because of and spending programs, e.g., how much in­ has violated this international obligation the limitations on the number of new vestment would have taken place in the ab­ now, joining Algeria, Libya, Uganda, and hires and the maximum credit for ea.ch sence of the investment tax credit, how many other states in this regard. people would be hired by state and local France has also apparently violated the firm., we expect the credit to have its governments without public service employ­ general international law, based on custom greatest impact on small, labor-intensive ment, how much job training would be given and common sense, that in an international firms and industries. Almost half of by Industry without the JOBS program. order in which the principal actors assert for 2876 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 3·1, 1977 themselves the exclusive right to govern their Why did France do it? Wyoming and other beef-producing own territory, and in which all states are France was threatened with the possible States have felt the adverse impacts of a equal before the law, it is forbidden to per­ loss of some Arabian and Algerian oll. combination of circumstances which is mit your territory to be a haven for those, In the French court, the French govern­ driving the small rancher and feeder out ment lawyers argued accused terrorist Abu whether politically motivated or not, who is commit depredations in other states' ter­ Daoud had not been sufficiently identified­ of business and threatening the exist­ ritory. It 1s a rule that is asserted in their even though the Arabs were claiming he was ence of larger operations. own favor by communist and third-world part of an official Palestinian Liberation Or­ We must seek steps to alleviate the states as well as by the United States and ganization mission. The Palestinians were in economic conditions which have set Western Europe. It is the basis for Cuban France to attend the funeral of a Palestinian upon this basic western and American complaints aimed at the United States, and activist shot down in the street by unknown way of life and industry, but we first American agreement that the U.S. has some assassins. must have a basic understanding of the responsibility to control anti-Castro activi­ The PLO lives by the sword and seems de­ problem. It is well set out in Mr. Mor­ ties based on its territory. termined to die by the sword. Even the It may be supposed that the desire to stay Syrians had enough of the Palestinian leftists gan's series. out of other people's quarrels, to avoid in­ and moved in to quell the civll war in I include the first of the series of ar­ volvement in the Arab-Israeli conflict, moti­ Lebanon. ticles from the January 30 Washington vated this French breach of international A succession of ambassadors from Arab Post in the REcoRD and I highly recom­ law and will inhibit the United States and countries charged into the French Foreign mend it to my colleagues: other states making their views known to Ministry to protest the arrest of the terrorist. (First of a Series) France and Algeria, as it has kept the U.S. In Algeria, a big oll source for France, the U.S. BEEF ECONOMY AT A CROSSROADS officially silent before other haven situations. administration's official newspaper said the But to argue that this negative encourage­ arrest "stripped naked the anti-Arab face of THREAT OF FINANCIAL RUIN HANGS OVER ment to political assassinations 1n third the (French) administration." THE CATTLE INDUSTRY st ates' territory can help to keep France or In Kuwait, Farouk Kadoumi of the PLO's (By Dan Morgan) the U.S. uninvolved defies rationality. And political wing threatened "there are Pal­ WALDEN, COLO.-In the back country to argue that the United States 1s not af­ estinian and Arab countermeasures to con­ ranges of the Rocky Mountains, ranchers fected legally by this failure to apply the law tain the matter.... The Palestinian re­ such as Bob Brownlee have been fighting a in a case involving a person accused of com­ sistance movement will not tolerate the mat­ constant battle against winter this year. plicity in a publicity-seeking orgy of killing ter if the French government hands over Abu On a recent day when the temperature was is to forget that the u.s. too can be host to Daoud to West Germany." near zero, Brownlee and his son-in-law, Olympic Games, and that there are many You will notice that the Palestinians in Newell Geers, were hacking a hole in the foreigners in the United States whose coun­ far off Kuwait did not have any doubt as to frozen creek with a double-edged axe to tries of origin are troubled by political the identity of the French prisoner. find water for the cow herd, and giving out groups willing to use assassination to relieve France recently signed an agreement whoops of joy when a trickle of water ap­ them of some opposition based abroad, even against terrorism with other European coun­ peared. Then they were off in their pickup when that opposition uses no other weapons tries, but the first time that agreement was truck, bumping across a washboard pasture than America's free press. tested, French justice sold its soul for on. and dropping off hay for the animals. In reality, the silence of the United States Israeli Foreign Minister Yigal Allon de­ It was all part of the cycle of work at the is a condoning of France, and generally of nounced the court decision as a "disgraceful far end of the country's beef pipeline, the political assassination in third countries, in­ surrender" to Arab pressure. He was right. $20-blllion-a-year system that keeps Amer­ cluding the United States. The PLO praised "French justice." It said icans supplied with the juicy steaks and Finally, it may be argued that the case of "everyone sees that someone wished to harm hamburgers that are almost a national sym­ Israel and the Arabs is somehow special; the good relations between the PLO and bol of American affiuence. that the economic and political importance France." Yet raising beef animals today is any­ of some Arab states outweighs the social The West German government's statement thing but a sure way to prosperity. value of upholding the rights of little Israel, said the release of Abu Daoud made "the The threat of economic ruin hangs over just as a prosecuting district attorney may fight against international terrorism" more the cattle industry, and the American beef choose not to apply the full vigor of the law difficult. economy is in the throes of major changes to a white-collar criminal whose victim is Daoud, when released, flew straight to Al­ brought about by the heaviest losses since not highly regarded socially. geria where he found sanctuary. the Dust Bowl days of the 1930s. To state the comparison is to expose hy­ The United States has had difficulty in Even in this remote valley, circled by pocrisy, not to justify it. Moreover, the vic­ persuading the civllized nations of the world mountains and once populated mainly by tim in this case is not only Israel, it is also to reject terrorism as an instrument of pol­ prairie dogs, antelopes and Indians, ranchers West Germany, whose crimlnal laws were itics. The Arabs know terrorism is the only are feeling the painful effects of sweeping violated by the 1972 Munich murders. And weapon the PLO has at the moment. And economic and social developments over it is also the United States, whose longer­ Arab morality is such that the end (of Israel) which they have had virtually no control. rabge interest in Western European unity justifies the means in murder). Some of the Brownlee rec.kons that he lost $30,000 on and the continued credlbtl1ty of the mutual so-called Third World nations don't want to his 1,500-acre operation in 1976, and he may defense commitments of France, West Ger­ antagonize the Arabs and some feel they have been lucky. As far as he is concerned many, and our other NATO allies, that is might have to use terrorist tactics sometime, consumers are getting a bargain on beef involved. so they aren't backing anti-terrorist policies. while he has been taking a financial beating. Most generally, it is the legal order, that What is shocking about the decision in the Brownlee and the ranchers around here have long-ignored and subverted bulwark of Amer­ French court is that a major civilized country lost money most of the last 36 months. Yet ica's security and world stab111ty, that loses of the west had second thoughts about bring­ the price· of steaks and hamburger in super­ force. How is it possible to claim the bene­ ing to justice a mass murderer of llinnocent tnJairkets is about what it was three years ago. fits of a law that assertedly forbids the tak­ young men at the Olympics. French justice Paradoxical as this situation may seem, ing of foreign investors' property without became a sham and hypocrisy. economic analysts say it is logical. But the prompt, adequate and effective compensa­ The wheels of history and justice grind same logic holds that the situation is cer­ tion, as the U.S. does, when it is silent about slowly. The day will come when terrorism will tain to be reversed. Then it will be the turn the legal consequences the same system at­ be aimed at French citizens. The day will of American consumers to pay more for beef. taches to the taking of life? To make a come when French parents, French sons and Starting in 1967, cattlemen steadily in­ "special" exception from stablllzing rules 1n daughters will weep in anguish. creased the size of their herds, from 108 mll­ that situation, in which the need !or re­ lion head then to 131 mlllion head in 1975. straint is the most important for all partici­ By late 1973, there was too much beef pants, is to indicate that respect for life and going to market. Retail stores had to keep property, security and stab.lt.tty, are not prices low in order to sell it all. These low America's goals at all. It is to accept one PLIGHT OF BEEF INDUSTRY prices were passed back through the beef side's assertions of rights to do violence in pipeline to wholesalers, meat packers, cattle the interest of its own version of "justice" fattening yards, and finally to ranchers. at the expense not only of the other side, HON. TENO RONCALIO All through the period, inflation and higher but at the expense of us all. OF WYOMIN G prices of hay, corn and other animal feeds IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES were adding to the costs of running ranches and fa.rms, even as the'prices that the cattle­ FRENCH SHAME Crvn.IZED WORLD Monday, January 31, 1977 men received when they sold their young Frenchmen should hang their heads 1n steers and heifers in the fall was staying too shame. Mr. RONCALIO. Mr. Speaker, yester­ low to make money. It was a crime against humanity to re­ day the Washington Post began an ex­ Ranchers began reading the economic mes­ lease the alleged commander of the Palestin­ cellent series of articles by Dan Morgan sage they were getting two years ago and ian terrorists who slaughtered 11 Israeli ath­ on the plight of the beef industry in the .reacted by reducing the size of their herdS. letes at the 1972 Olympic games in Munich. United States. Since then, a beef slaughter unprecedented February 1, 1977 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 2877 in the history of the United States has been At. Brownlee's Bar-Slash-Bar ranch, the cracked a whip and drove the animals into under way. cycle of breeding and birth sets the agenda a sawdust covered corral. When the animals In 1973, only 33 million animals were for the farm work. The 550 cows in the got rambunctious, cowboys in the corral butchered. The number jumped to 36 mil­ herd will have their calves in April. Brown­ stepped behind wooden barriers. lion the following yeaa-, then to a record 40 lee, Geers and a hired hand will take up Tom Nix, a 61-year-old farmer from Eaton, million in each of the next two years. The a 24-hour vigil then, checking on the ­ Colo., sold 35 steers to another farmer, Don total number of cattle in this country de­ ers and calves and scaring off intruding Anderson. Nix had bought the animals in clined in 1976 by 4 million. More important coyotes with spotlights. It costs about $176 September and "grained them," fed them than that, the country's cow herd-the ''fac­ to keep one of the cows for a year. That is corn for the last month, waiting for cattle tory" that produces tomorrow's steers and money down the drain when a young calf prices to start up. But he had grown tired heifers-has been drastically depleted. dies or is killed. of waiting. In 1976, 10 million cows were killed, about In August, the father and son-in-law will "I don't know how he (Anderson) can buy twice as many as three years earlier. Most become cowboys, riding horses to round up 'em and still expect to make money," he said. of them were ground up for hamburger cows and head them back to the pens around The government doesn't have any exact es­ meat. the barns for artificial insemination with timates of the cattlemen's losses, but bankers Consumers have been the immediate bene­ bull semen. say they are in the billions of dollars. The factors of this massive slaughter. It has They will also turn bulls loose in the herd cattle industry is stretched financially to ~1.elped to hold down beef prices at a time as a failsafe measure in case the artificial the breaking point. when everything else seems to be going Wl. breeding doesn't work. They are no second Denver banker Ron Hays says the debts Consumers ate up all the meat that came chances for cows. If they fall to get pregnant, of ranchers and cattle fatteners are "stagger­ to market, but only after retail stores had they are sent to the packing house. ing," because they have acquired huge long­ set a price for it that was low enough to This same breeding cycle also imposes a term mortgages from banks to cover the costs induce them to buy. Americans tend to rigid, economic· framework on the rancher's of their losing operations. spend a constant 2.5 per cent of their money operations. Hays said that because of the great demand for beef. When it is a good bargain they buy In a few months, Brownlee will be mak­ for money insurance companies such as Pru­ more, and when it is expensive they switch ing decisions that could have financial reper­ dential, Connecticut General and Connecticut to other food, such as cheaper pork or chick­ cussions in 1980. Mutual have moved aggressively into agri­ en. With beef prices fairly reasonable in This fall, Brownlee wUl decide how many of this spring's calves to keep as replace­ cultural lending in the West, using land as 1976, they ate a record 129 pounds per per­ collateral. son, compared with 116 pounds four years ments for old cows sold for hamburger. These There have been few actual foreclosures o! earlier. heifers won't be bred until the summer of 1978. They will calve in the spring of 1979, the kind that swept the West after the 1930's In effect, Americans are eating their way Depression. However, many hard-pressed cat­ out of a huge surplus of beef. and the steers or heifers they produce won't be ready for slaughter until mid-1980. Only tlemen have had to raise money to keep oper­ Brownlee and ranchers such as him still ating by putting first and second mortgages have a fundamental faith in the laws of then will Brownlee get a return, unless he decides to sell the animals when they are on their property. This has been possible only supply and demand. They figure that when because land values have risen rapidly. less meat goes to market, prices should start younger. to rise again and they can begin turning Brownlee finds himself locked into such a The rising land values have provided a profits. cycle now. He figures he needed to get 65 safety net for the western cattlemen. East But nobody knows for sure when the cents a pound for the 450-pound steer calves of the Rocky Mountains, in Colorado, South losses will end in the cattle industry. If he was ready to sell last December. But the Dakota, Oklahoma and Texas, undeveloped the prices of steak and hamburger rise too best offer he got was 36 cents a pound. pastureland that can be irrigated for crops abruptly, consumers might switch to pork, Rather than lose money, he decided to place has jumped in price from around $150 an poultry, or even spaghetti. That happened them in a fattening yard in Greeley, Colo. acre to nearly $1,000. in the 1973 beef boycott, and it sent prices He says he needs 45 cents a pound for the Inflation, climate, and population growth plummeting. If it happens again, it could fattened animals. But packinghouses were have played a part in rising western land signal a fundamental change in the Amer­ paying under 40 cents in late January. values, but so has the increased return on ican diet. Last fall he lost $26 a head on the full­ crops such as wheat and corn after 1972. Americans have eaten a steadily increas­ grown an1ma.1s he sold to a packinghouse. Thousands of acres of grasslands have been ing amount of beef since 1920, but there are At some periods in the last three years, cat­ switched to crops as prices of those grains at least some signs that the trend is end­ tlemen have lost as much as $100 a head, rose. ing. If it is, cattlemen could be in,for some according to the U.S. Department of The equation of land, crops and cattle does further unpleasant shocks. Agriculture. not seem to be working to the long-range In the 90 years since settlers moved into The atmosphere was all gloom at a weekly advantage of consumers. At some point, beef this valley the grassy ranges have been cattle auction at the Greeley Producers Pub­ prices will have to reflect the price of ~e fenced, a railroad spur has been driven lic Stockyards in January. land on which the cattle are raised. It they through from Wyoming, and oil and coal Standing in front of a big sign that said "Enjoy Beef Everyday," a professional auc­ do not, farmers and ranchers will find othe! companies have dug wells and opened sur­ uses for their valuable real estate. That can face mines. But cattle is still a mainstay tioneer called out asking prices and offers to of the economy. rows of overalled cattlemen, as a cowboy only mean less beef at higher prices.

SENATE-Tuesday, February 1, 1977