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The Editorial Double Vision of Maxwell Perkins: How the Editor of Fitzgerald, Hemingway, and Wolfe Plied His Craft

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The Editorial Double Vision of Maxwell Perkins: How the Editor of Fitzgerald, Hemingway, and Wolfe Plied His Craft Virginia Commonwealth University VCU Scholars Compass Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2015 The ditE orial Double Vision of Maxwell Perkins: How the Editor of Fitzgerald, Hemingway, and Wolfe Plied His Craft Rachel F. Van Hart Virginia Commonwealth University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd Part of the Fiction Commons, Literature in English, North America Commons, Modern Literature Commons, Nonfiction Commons, and the Rhetoric and Composition Commons © The Author Downloaded from https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3729 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at VCU Scholars Compass. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of VCU Scholars Compass. For more information, please contact [email protected]. © Rachel F. Van Hart 2015 All Rights Reserved The Editorial Double Vision of Maxwell Perkins: How the Editor of Fitzgerald, Hemingway, and Wolfe Plied His Craft A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in English at Virginia Commonwealth University. by Rachel F. Van Hart Bachelor of Arts in Journalism and Mass Communication The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007 Director: A. Bryant Mangum, PhD Professor of English Department of English Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Virginia April, 2015 Acknowledgement With sincere appreciation, the author wishes to thank her thesis committee for their enthusiastic support of this project, especially her director, Dr. Mangum, for his unfailing wisdom and insight on the subject. Most importantly, she would like to thank her husband, Zach, for his “Maxwellian” support throughout this project; she cannot imagine how it would have been completed without him. ii Table of Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................................v Introduction: An Editorial Legacy Shrouded in Mystery ................................................................1 From Distinguished Editor to Literary Legend .........................................................................2 A Practice-based Approach.......................................................................................................7 Competing Loyalties .................................................................................................................9 Chapter 1: Perceptions of Authorship ............................................................................................11 Early Influences ......................................................................................................................12 Perception vs. Reality .............................................................................................................18 Allegiance to Talent ................................................................................................................23 Mediation and the Writing Process .........................................................................................26 The Exceptional Thomas Wolfe .............................................................................................34 The Pitfall................................................................................................................................38 Chapter 2: Putting the Reader First ................................................................................................42 An Egalitarian Approach to Literature ...................................................................................43 The Responsive Reader...........................................................................................................46 Aesthetic Preferences ..............................................................................................................50 Shoring Up the Narrative Structure ........................................................................................57 A Tailored Approach ..............................................................................................................61 Surrendering to the Text .........................................................................................................66 Chapter 3: Investment and Return .................................................................................................68 Financial Assistance................................................................................................................69 Personal Favors .......................................................................................................................77 A Jolt of Inspiration ................................................................................................................82 A Gentle Nudge ......................................................................................................................85 Giving Freely ..........................................................................................................................90 Chapter 4: The Support of a Family ..............................................................................................92 The Agonies of Creation .........................................................................................................93 Perkins’s Program of Emotional Support ...............................................................................96 Establishing Interpersonal Relationships ................................................................................98 Providing Personal Validation ..............................................................................................103 Making Connections .............................................................................................................110 Abuses Suffered ....................................................................................................................115 A Safe Haven ........................................................................................................................118 Chapter 5: Territorial Disputes ....................................................................................................120 In Hand..................................................................................................................................121 iii Editing for Error ....................................................................................................................124 Marketing Concerns ..............................................................................................................128 Advertising Dilemmas ..........................................................................................................134 Avoiding Censorship ............................................................................................................138 Threats of Libel .....................................................................................................................144 The Nature of the Game ........................................................................................................148 Conclusion: Editorial Double Vision ...........................................................................................150 Personal Attributes ................................................................................................................151 Professional Environment .....................................................................................................153 Historical Moment ................................................................................................................157 For the Love of Literature .....................................................................................................159 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................161 iv Abstract THE EDITORIAL DOUBLE VISION OF MAXWELL PERKINS: HOW THE EDITOR OF FITZGERALD, HEMINGWAY, AND WOLFE PLIED HIS CRAFT By Rachel F. Van Hart, BA A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in English at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University 2015 Director: A. Bryant Mangum, PhD, Professor of English, Department of English Scholars and literary enthusiasts have struggled for decades to account for editor Maxwell Perkins’s unparalleled success in facilitating the careers of many of the early twentieth century’s most enduring and profitable writers, among them F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, and Thomas Wolfe. This study seeks to penetrate that mystery by dissecting Perkins’s editorial practice and examining how he navigated the competing tensions between commercial success and aesthetic integrity in various circumstances. At play in the construction of his literary legacy are prevailing perceptions of authorship, complex interpersonal relationships, and the inherent battle between art and commerce. Focusing on his day-to-day activities, it is apparent that Perkins was guided by a unique editorial double vision—the propensity to appreciate the aesthetic experience while retaining the critical detachment necessary to appraise a literary work from a commercial standpoint—when solving the paradoxical dilemmas inherent in modern publishing. v Introduction: An Editorial Legacy
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