éclat: International Journal of Computational Science, Engineering & Technology (ISSN 2320-4648) Volume III, Issue I, September 2015

Future of Android in the growing market: A Literature Review

Anand Sen1, Dilsad Hussain2 & S. K. Gupta3 1Dept. of Computer Science, BIT, Mesra, Jaipur Campus,( INDIA) 2Dept. of Computer Science, BIT, Mesra, Jaipur Campus,( INDIA) 3Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jhansi, UP ( INDIA)

1anand146.bit@gmail.com, [email protected] [email protected]

Abstract - This paper reviews the future prediction of growing November, 2007. The common goal is to distribute the Android market and present condition of Android Operating advanced open products for mobile applications devices. System that have been suggested by various researchers. All Basically Android OS is an open source operating system the fame and excitement about the costlier iPhones and OS) platform and it is purely based on the Linux operating Blackberry are vanishing, after the arrival of the most system, Apache harmony, Dalvik Virtual machine (DVM), expected, open source mobile operating system, the Google etc. The best thing about Android, it is based on Java Android, which has turned the industry upside down. In this paper a challenge is made to the review on the predictions libraries and it is easily understandable. For the first time, about the future of Android software and in the view of Google released the Native Development Kit (NDK) for present facts and reasons. Android which enables programmers to develop programs and their native application that could run on the device. As Keywords - Google Android, Operating System, Dalvik virtual of July 2013, the Google Play store has had over 1 million machine Android apps published, and over 50 billion apps

I INTRODUCTION downloaded by users. A survey conducted by a Tech magazine found that 71% of mobile developers develop for Android is an open source mobile operating Android operating system [1]. system based on Linux kernel and currently developed by Google. There are other mobile operating system like Dalvik virtual machine (DVM) Windows, iOS and Mac OS. But android is in huge The Dalvik virtual machine is simple Java demand in the growing market. Android is a OS made for interpreter, completely optimized for Android platform and touch screen mobile devices such as smart phone, tablet it is developed to run on low-end memory mobile devices. computers, etc. for users. Android has numerous It enhances the power management in small devices. developers writing applications (apps) all over the world. Delvik cannot read java Byte code but it has its own byte Open Handset Alliance (OHA) an organization of software code called ―dex‖. dex (Dalvik Executable) companies, mobile hardware and about 50 Telecoms and .odex (Optimized Dalvik Executable) [2]. companies headed by Google was found on 5th of

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It was originally written by programmer Dan  Improved power management. Bornstein, DVM uses register based architecture. It is  Switched from flash file to ext4 for new devices published under the terms of the Apache License 2.0  API fixes and improved Gmail application. II. Overview of Android Android 3.0 (Honeycomb) Initially it was developed by Android, Inc., which Google  Support for multi-core processors purchased it. Google was released the Android system as  Support for HTTP proxy access point open-source under the Apache License. The first  Improved hardware support, including commercial version, Android 1.0, was released in optimizations for a wider range of tablets September 2008. Generally, each new version of the  Update to Google Books and improved Adobe Android operating system is developed in the name dessert Flash. item. Some of past updates are Cupcake and Donut. The recent released versions of Android are [2]: Android 4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwich)

 Face Unlock Android 1.0 (HTC Dream)  Ability to off applications that are working in the  Downloading and updating process through the background market application  Improved camera application with advanced  To show, zoom and pan full HTML and XHTML features. web pages  Support Wi-Fi hotspot  Camera support – however, this version lacked the  1080p video recording on Android devices. option to change the camera’s resolution, white  Stability improvements. balance, quality etc.

 Better camera performance. Android 2.0/2.1 (Éclair),-  Smoother screen rotation.  Expanded Account sync, allowing users to add  Improved phone number recognition multiple accounts to a device for synchronization of email and contacts Android 4.1 (Jelly Bean)  Bluetooth 2.1 support  The improved performance involved sync timing  Improved Google maps 3.1.2 and a fixed frame rate of 60 fps to create a fluid  Addition of live wallpapers, Optimized hardware and "buttery-smooth" speed.  Improved UI application  Lock screen improvements, Android 2.2 (Froyo, short for frozen yogurt)  Support for wireless display  Speed, memory, performance optimizations and  Group Messaging Integration of Chrome  Long-pressing features for Quick Settings now  Supports for the expandable memory toggles the on/off state  Support for high-PPI displays such as 4" 720p  4K resolution support screens  Wi-Fi scanning APIs  Wi-Fi hotspot functionality & bug fixes security

Android 4.4 (Kit-Kat) Android 2.3 (Gingerbread)  Improvements to auto focus & Camera application  Faster Enhanced New Download Manager now loads Google+ Photos Support video playback and AAC audio encoding.

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 Updated the Chromium based Web view Fang-Mei Tseng, Ya-lin Liu studied the sales volume of  Wi-Fi and mobile data activity (TX/RX) Smart-phones, software and service has become more indicators are moved to quick settings. critical for the growing market. Windows, iOS, Blackberry,  Optimized performance on devices with lower Android and Symbian are major platform in the present specifications, including RAM support and "low market. It has become difficult to understand the key RAM" device API. factors that lead to the most successful development of a  Loudness enhancer, audio monitoring, audio Smartphone operating system (OS) in the market. tunneling, Security enhancements, bug fixes, Therefore, for more accurately estimate future demand and Wireless printing capability, Wearable extensions competition among Smartphone OS in our experimental added. study. The analysis of Delphi method to predicted possible scenarios for the future development for four OS such as FUTURE OF ANDROID MOBILE Android, Blackberry, iOS, Symbian, etc. The outcomes of Powerful open-source operating system which is the factors for OS development were demand and customer understandable to any programmer Android offers more satisfaction is preferred [5]. flexibility with its apps by allowing Chrome, Opera, Firefox, etc to run. All apps are not permitted through iOS. Salman Qayyum Mian, Jose Teixera, Eija Koskivaara Android has a system-wide sharing function called present in his paper gives a view into the open-source "intents." This feature lets you pass data — text, photos, software platform of the leading players. The era of the PC links — in between your apps. As Android is open source platform left a legacy of competitive strategies for the any developer can program his or her app according to the future technology. But, this idea became more difficult. use. Google opened its Android market, allowing the Previously the expectations grew out to be a current with developers to publish their apps without any restrictions. huge bundle of communication possibilities, Internet Dalvik virtual machine (DVM) enhances the power capabilities, innovative technology and ease in life. The management systems. Support for 2D and 3D graphics. It current mobile platform market is witnessing a platforms- provides lot of business for animation developers as it has war with big players (Microsoft, Google, Apple, Nokia, reliable and enhanced data storage [3]. etc.) in a main function [6].

Developers can create their media common applications Andrea Bonaccorsi, Cristina Rossi paper shows that the since it supports common media file formats such as three key economic problems raised by the emergence of MPEG, MPEG3, MPEG4, H.286, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, Open Source: motivation, co-ordination, and diffusion. GIF etc. Affordable mobile phones are available from First, the movement took through the activity of a small to large screen size. We can choose our preferred community that did not follow profit motivations. Second, brands with different types of processors like Dual core, a hierarchical co-ordination emerged without proprietary Quard core, Octa core. rights. Third, Open Source software diffused in

Android has built-in hotspot feature to share our net with environments dominated by proprietary standards [7]. storage option like cloud, expandable memory etc. No other mobile OS gives us the feature to customize our Dr. Tejinder Singh & Ms. Kulbir kaur described mobile desktop such as live widgets, bookmarks and investigated in his paper about different Perspectives, shortcuts for certain secretly operations [1] [2] [4]. features & suitability of android for mobile devices & compares the Android, Symbian & Windows mobile OS. III LITERATURE REVIEW Globally, we compared the usage between PCs and mobile device in the world. The increasing importance of mobiles

14 has activated competition among knowledge giants such as Google is already working on the Street View Apple, Google, Microsoft, Nokia, Symbian, etc in the cameras and enabling you to peek inside buildings market share of mobile platform. So Google launched  Android messaging in 2020- Google is developing Android, its open source software platform for mobile universal separate apps for each of these messaging devices consisting of a new operating system. In this paper games, covering SMS, email, instant messaging and that we are difficult to explain what is the future of the video calling into Android. android Phone or Software and basic concepts used for android to introduce on it [8].  Android payments and security in 2020- In the coming years our phones will become more important Saurabh Bhardwaj, Preeti Sharma, Priyanka Chouhan, for transferring money, making payments, verifying Richa Sharma presents in his paper to shows the essential our identity, etc. Google is working on security like effort of android operating system, it is an operating system fingerprint or retina scanning built into Android's for mobiles and is rapidly gaining market, with dozens of camera app. smart phones and tablets. It is mobile operating system that  Android hardware in 2020-Google is working hard uses a modified version of the Linux kernel 2.6. Google for making smaller, thinner, faster improvements for developed the Android as part of the Open Handset our phones. Innovative wearable gadgets, Google Alliance, many mobile companies are working together to glasses should be in the near future. release the mobile handset setting. Android's improvement kit involves many of the standard packages used by Jetty, REFERENCES due to that fact and Jetty's modularity and light weight foot [1] www.dotcominfoway.com print; it was possible to port Jetty to it so that it will be able [2] en.wikipedia.org to run on the Android platform [9]. [3] http:/mashable.com/2013/07/24/android-vs-iphone [4] Rene Ritchie, ―An article ―How Does Android Compare to the IV CONCLUSION iPhone? Top 5 Wins and Losses‖, 2008. There are many researchers work-done on android [5] Fang-Mei Tseng, Ya-lin Liu, ―Combing scenario analysis with the diffusion model and competitive model for analyzing the operating system in the growing market. Today we have lot development of the Smartphone operating system‖ Technology of features since 2008. The Google launched its first Management for Emerging Technology (PICMET), 2012, Android-powered handset with T-mobile G1. The Google Page(s): 1581 – 1590 will keep innovating and improving its android OS in the [6] Salman Qayyum Mian, Jose Teixera, Eija Koskivaara, ―Open- Source Software Implications in the Competitive Mobile future. In spite of tremendous development and research Platforms Market‖ IFIP Advanced In Information and work published in the field of android, still selection of Communication Technology, Volume 353, 2011, pp 110-128 operating system is a difficult task to survive in the future [7] Andrea Bonaccorsi, Cristina Rossi, ―Why Open Source growing market. Present study is there for planned to software can succeed‖ Open source Software Development, Volume 32, Issue 7, 2003, Pages 1243–1258 collect relevant android operating system from the above [8] Dr. Tejinder Singh & Ms. Kulbir kaur, ―Growth of Android literature review. Software Platform for Mobile Devices and Smart-phones‖

V SCOPE OF THE WORK International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, Vol. 1, Issue 8, October 2013, pp Android OS is one of the friendly used operating system 1504-1507 for mobile industry. It has several advantages and scope of [9] Saurabh Bhardwaj, Preeti Sharma, Priyanka Chouhan, Richa future market during the year 2020. Sharma, ―Android Operating Systems‖ International Journal of Engineering Technology & Management Research, Volume 1,  Maps in Android in 2020- With Google Now and Issue 1 ISSN: 2320-5288, 2013, pp 147-150 Google Latitude you can track your every move. [10] www.in.techradar.com / news / software / operating system / Android-in-2020

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