DOCSLIB.ORG

Role of Climate and Land-Use Changes Jeanne Bodin

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Observed changes in mountain vegetation of the Alps during the XXth century - Role of climate and land-use changes Jeanne Bodin To cite this version: Jeanne Bodin. Observed changes in mountain vegetation of the Alps during the XXth century - Role of climate and land-use changes. Ecology, environment. Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I; Universität Hannover, 2010. English. tel-00592144 HAL Id: tel-00592144 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00592144 Submitted on 11 May 2011 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Université Henri Poincaré Leibniz Universität Hannover Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät UFR Sciences et Techniques Biologiques Ecole doctorale Sciences et Ingénierie des Ressources, Procédés, Produits, Environnement (RP2E) Binational doctoral thesis presented to obtain the Ph.D. degree: Docteur en Biologie Végétale et Forestière de l’Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy 1, France and Doktorin der Naturwissenschaften Dr. rer. nat. (Doctor rerum naturalium ) der Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany by Jeanne BODIN Observed changes in mountain vegetation of the Alps during the XX th century Role of climate and land-use changes Defended the 18 March 2010 Examining Board: Thierry T ATONI , Professor, IMEP, University of Marseille, France (Referee) Matthias DOBBERTIN , Doctor, WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland (Referee) Pierre DIZENGREMEL , Professor, EEF, University of Nancy, France (Examiner) Jean-Claude GÉGOUT , Professor, AgroParisTech ENGREF, Nancy, France (Examiner) Gian-Reto WALTHER , Senior Academic Advisor, Plant Ecology, University of Bayreuth, Germany (PhD co-supervisor) Richard POTT , Professor, Institute of Geobotany, University of Hanover, Germany (PhD director) Jean-Luc DUPOUEY , Research Director, EEF, INRA Nancy, France (PhD director) INRA, Nancy Université, UMR 1137 Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestière, 54280 Champenoux - France Institute für Geobotanik, Nienburger Str. 17, 30167 Hannover - Germany Université Henri Poincaré Leibniz Universität Hannover Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät UFR Sciences et Techniques Biologiques Ecole doctorale Sciences et Ingénierie des Ressources, Procédés, Produits, Environnement (RP2E) Binational doctoral thesis presented to obtain the Ph.D. degree: Docteur en Biologie Végétale et Forestière de l’Université Henri Poincaré, Nancy 1, France and Doktorin der Naturwissenschaften Dr. rer. nat. ( Doctor rerum naturalium ) der Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany by Jeanne BODIN Observed changes in mountain vegetation of the Alps during the XX th century Role of climate and land-use changes Defended the 18 March 2010 Examining Board: Thierry T ATONI , Professor, IMEP, University of Marseille, France (Referee) Matthias DOBBERTIN , Doctor, WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland (Referee) Pierre DIZENGREMEL , Professor, EEF, University of Nancy, France (Examiner) Jean-Claude GÉGOUT , Professor, AgroParisTech ENGREF, Nancy, France (Examiner) Gian-Reto WALTHER , Senior Academic Advisor, Plant Ecology, University of Bayreuth, Germany (PhD co-supervisor) Richard POTT , Professor, Institute of Geobotany, University of Hanover, Germany (PhD director) Jean-Luc DUPOUEY , Research Director, EEF, INRA Nancy, France (PhD director) INRA, Nancy Université, UMR 1137 Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestière, 54280 Champenoux - France Institute für Geobotanik, Nienburger Str. 17, 30167 Hannover - Germany Acknowledgments, Remerciements, Danksagung I would like to thank my PhD directors, Jean-Luc DUPOUEY , Gian-Reto WALTHER and Richard POTT who received me in their institute, and who accompany me in this international way. Many thanks also to André GRANIER , director of the Unity in Nancy. Eric BRUNO , Nabila HAMZ a, Pascal VITTOZ , Vincent BADEAU , Catherine CLUZEAU were also involved in this thesis, closely or not. I thank them for there attention. I thank warmly people who receive me in a unknown country, and were really helpful and attentive for administrative problems: Many thanks to Silje BERGER , Ansgar HOPPE , Christa LECHTE , Bernd HAGEMANN and Mareike STEFFENS . Danke alles, und Takk. I thank people who wher involved in the fieldwork in Maurienne valley, recording a lot of data for this thesis: many thanks to Patrick BEHR , Vincent BADEAU , Marianne PEIFFER , Roger SHIPFFER , Christian KIEFFER , Anny WEITNER … He was on field work to help his father 40 years before, and helped also for the “Maurienne study” by giving information and old maps: thanks to Michel BARTOLI . I thank all who participate to work environment in the Nancy work team, with scientific discussion and support: thanks to Vincent, Hélène GENET , Stéphane PONTON , Sandrine CHAUCHARD … Elisabeth BIENAIMÉ , Evelyne GRANIER and Nathalie HEYDT helped for maps, many thanks for there assistance in urgent moment. Many thanks to secretariat girls, a big one to Rosine GROSS . Private support and good environment was also really important, at work, from friends or in family. Spaciba and muchas gracias to Viktor, Olga, Florian and Moritzt. Merci à Iréne, ma mère pour les soutiens, merci aux amis pour les discussions moins sérieuses, autour d’une bière allemande ou lorraine, d’un poulet, des mirabelles, le coffee and cigarettes avec Blandine, Rémi, Pascal, Mmanu, Aurélie, Marlis for traduction, Anne, Linde, Marianne, Laura, les vedettes, Sandrine, Hélène G., Pat H, MC, Vincent Boul., Nicolas M…. Vielen Dank an Familie JONCK und Oma SCHINDEL für ihre liebe und regelmäßige Aufmerksamkeit. Merci à ma famille pour les différents approvisionnements, O combien indispensable : ma sœur pour l’approvisionnement en bouquins, ma mère pour l’approvisionnement en pêches blanches, mon père et sa famille pour l’approvisionnement en fromage de la montagne. Une grande reconnaissance à la patience et au soutien quotidien de Johannes. Summary I. General Introduction ............................................................................................................. 5 A. What are the changes in the environment that promote changes in vegetation?................... 5 1. Eutrophication and acidification due to atmospheric deposition_______________________________ 5 2. Species loss from habitat fragmentation _________________________________________________ 6 3. Forest colonisation after agricultural abandonment and its consequences on vegetation ____________ 6 4. Herbivory_________________________________________________________________________ 7 5. Land use legacy ____________________________________________________________________ 7 6. Forest management and forest dynamics_________________________________________________ 8 B. Climatic change ............................................................................................................................ 8 1. Expected responses of species and biomes _______________________________________________ 8 2. Particular case of mountains __________________________________________________________ 9 C. Knowledge on observed vegetation shifts related to climate warming.................................. 10 1. Observed species shifts in mountain areas ______________________________________________ 10 a. Extension at the upper limit of species distribution............................................................................ 10 b. Treeline and ecotones......................................................................................................................... 11 c. Retraction at lower limits of species distribution................................................................................ 11 d. Shift of the species distribution optimum ............................................................................................ 12 e. Changes in community composition.................................................................................................... 12 2. Which phenomena influencing species distribution could interact with climate warming __________ 12 D. Where and how to detect vegetation changes and species migration? General methodology ................................................................................................................................................ 13 1. Different approaches _______________________________________________________________ 13 a. Different methodologies...................................................................................................................... 13 b. Which part of species range to observe? ............................................................................................ 14 c. Different spatial scales........................................................................................................................ 15 d. Different temporal scales.................................................................................................................... 15 e. Different habitats ...............................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • E1.5B Iberian Oromediterranean Basiphilous Dry Grassland

    E1.5B Iberian Oromediterranean Basiphilous Dry Grassland

    European Red List of Habitats - Grasslands Habitat Group E1.5b Iberian oromediterranean basiphilous dry grassland Summary This habitat comprises grasslands of base-rich soils over calcareous bedrocks on the slopes and crests of high mountains in the Iberian Peninsula and France. There, the growing season is short, with harsh winters when strong winds blow the ground free of snow and leave the surface subject to deep cold which encourages the development of freeze-thaw features. The cover of vegetation is intermediate to complete, dominated by prostrate or dwarf grasses and forbs, and includes many endemics. Extreme conditions generally prevent succession, and grazing, generally by sheep, is restricted to the brief summer and has little impact except where the habitat extends to somewhat lower levels. There seems to have been no loss of extent but there has been some decline in quality due to leisure infrastructure. The maintenance of low intensity sheep grazing is essential for the conservation of the habitat in the lower elevations, while in the highest elevations limitation of leisure activities is very important, as the habitat is very difficult to recover once it has been destroyed. Synthesis The habitat is assigned to the category Least Concern (LC), as it has not substantially decreased in quantity nor in quality over the last 50 years, and its distribution (AOO) and range (EOO) are quite large. Nevertheless, we have to take into account that inside this EOO, the habitat only occurs in wind-exposed slopes of the calcareous mountains and plateaus, with a current estimated total area of only 725 km2.
  • Globalna Strategija Ohranjanja Rastlinskih

    Globalna Strategija Ohranjanja Rastlinskih

    GLOBALNA STRATEGIJA OHRANJANJA RASTLINSKIH VRST (TOČKA 8) UNIVERSITY BOTANIC GARDENS LJUBLJANA AND GSPC TARGET 8 HORTUS BOTANICUS UNIVERSITATIS LABACENSIS, SLOVENIA INDEX SEMINUM ANNO 2017 COLLECTORUM GLOBALNA STRATEGIJA OHRANJANJA RASTLINSKIH VRST (TOČKA 8) UNIVERSITY BOTANIC GARDENS LJUBLJANA AND GSPC TARGET 8 Recenzenti / Reviewers: Dr. sc. Sanja Kovačić, stručna savjetnica Botanički vrt Biološkog odsjeka Prirodoslovno-matematički fakultet, Sveučilište u Zagrebu muz. svet./ museum councilor/ dr. Nada Praprotnik Naslovnica / Front cover: Semeska banka / Seed bank Foto / Photo: J. Bavcon Foto / Photo: Jože Bavcon, Blanka Ravnjak Urednika / Editors: Jože Bavcon, Blanka Ravnjak Tehnični urednik / Tehnical editor: D. Bavcon Prevod / Translation: GRENS-TIM d.o.o. Elektronska izdaja / E-version Leto izdaje / Year of publication: 2018 Kraj izdaje / Place of publication: Ljubljana Izdal / Published by: Botanični vrt, Oddelek za biologijo, Biotehniška fakulteta UL Ižanska cesta 15, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenija tel.: +386(0) 1 427-12-80, www.botanicni-vrt.si, [email protected] Zanj: znan. svet. dr. Jože Bavcon Botanični vrt je del mreže raziskovalnih infrastrukturnih centrov © Botanični vrt Univerze v Ljubljani / University Botanic Gardens Ljubljana ----------------------------------- Kataložni zapis o publikaciji (CIP) pripravili v Narodni in univerzitetni knjižnici v Ljubljani COBISS.SI-ID=297076224 ISBN 978-961-6822-51-0 (pdf) ----------------------------------- 1 Kazalo / Index Globalna strategija ohranjanja rastlinskih vrst (točka 8)
  • A Hydrographic Approach to the Alps

    A Hydrographic Approach to the Alps

    • • 330 A HYDROGRAPHIC APPROACH TO THE ALPS A HYDROGRAPHIC APPROACH TO THE ALPS • • • PART III BY E. CODDINGTON SUB-SYSTEMS OF (ADRIATIC .W. NORTH SEA] BASIC SYSTEM ' • HIS is the only Basic System whose watershed does not penetrate beyond the Alps, so it is immaterial whether it be traced·from W. to E. as [Adriatic .w. North Sea], or from E. toW. as [North Sea . w. Adriatic]. The Basic Watershed, which also answers to the title [Po ~ w. Rhine], is short arid for purposes of practical convenience scarcely requires subdivision, but the distinction between the Aar basin (actually Reuss, and Limmat) and that of the Rhine itself, is of too great significance to be overlooked, to say nothing of the magnitude and importance of the Major Branch System involved. This gives two Basic Sections of very unequal dimensions, but the ., Alps being of natural origin cannot be expected to fall into more or less equal com­ partments. Two rather less unbalanced sections could be obtained by differentiating Ticino.- and Adda-drainage on the Po-side, but this would exhibit both hydrographic and Alpine inferiority. (1) BASIC SECTION SYSTEM (Po .W. AAR]. This System happens to be synonymous with (Po .w. Reuss] and with [Ticino .w. Reuss]. · The Watershed From .Wyttenwasserstock (E) the Basic Watershed runs generally E.N.E. to the Hiihnerstock, Passo Cavanna, Pizzo Luceridro, St. Gotthard Pass, and Pizzo Centrale; thence S.E. to the Giubing and Unteralp Pass, and finally E.N.E., to end in the otherwise not very notable Piz Alv .1 Offshoot in the Po ( Ticino) basin A spur runs W.S.W.
  • A Cow–Calf Farming System Fully Adapted to Elevation and Harsh Conditions in Andorra (Europe)

    A Cow–Calf Farming System Fully Adapted to Elevation and Harsh Conditions in Andorra (Europe)

    animals Article A Cow–Calf Farming System Fully Adapted to Elevation and Harsh Conditions in Andorra (Europe) Ramon Armengol 1 , Marta Bassols 1 and Lorenzo Fraile 1,2,* 1 Department of Animal Science, ETSEA, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; [email protected] (R.A.); [email protected] (M.B.) 2 Agrotecnio Research Center, ETSEA, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-973-702-814 Simple Summary: Optimizing the use of natural resources in cattle production is a concern of the beef meat industry and consumers. Areas with scarce resources or adverse environmental conditions can efficiently take advantage of extensive systems with local breeds. These local breeds are adapted to the environment and can give optimal productive yields. The aim of this work is to explain the project of the Bruna d’Andorra, a local breed under an extensive cow–calf system in Andorra, as an example of local farming and marketing of its meat products. Andorra is a sovereign landlocked microstate in the eastern Pyrenees (Europe) that consists predominantly of rugged mountains and harsh weather conditions for livestock farming. This work describes the evolution of the Bruna d’Andorra population during the period of 2000–2020 focusing on the main meat productive and reproductive performance achievements. Finally, the plans for the future of the project are focused on optimizing a highly sustainable and environmentally friendly farming system. Abstract: The use of natural resources is an important topic to optimize the efficiency of cattle production. The purpose of this work is to describe the project of the Bruna d’Andorra; a local cow Citation: Armengol, R.; Bassols, M.; breed under an extensive cow–calf system in Andorra (Europe), as an example of local farming Fraile, L.
  • Cirsium Vulgare Gewöhnliche Kratzdistel

    Cirsium Vulgare Gewöhnliche Kratzdistel

    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Brandes Dietmar_diverse botanische Arbeiten Jahr/Year: 2011 Band/Volume: 111_2011 Autor(en)/Author(s): Brandes Dietmar Artikel/Article: Disteln in Osttirol 1-47 © Dietmar Brandes; download unter http://www.ruderal-vegetation.de/epub/index.html und www.zobodat.at Platzhalter für Bild, Bild auf Titelfolie hinter das Logo einsetzen Disteln in Osttirol Prof. Dr. Dietmar Brandes 7.10.2011 © Dietmar Brandes; download unter http://www.ruderal-vegetation.de/epub/index.html und www.zobodat.at Disteln • Zu den Arten der Unterfamilie Carduae der Familie Asteraceae gehören weltweit ca. 2.500 Arten (Heywood et al. 2007). Hierzu werden die mehr oder minder bedornten Arten v.a. der Gattungen Carduus, Carlina, Carthamus, Cirsium, Cynara, Echinops, Onopordum und Silybum gerechnet. • Die Distelartigen haben ihr Mannigfaltigkeitszentrum in Zentralasien sowie im angrenzenden Europa. Ihre Bewehrung wird zumeist als Schutz gegen Herbivorenfraß interpretiert. So kommen die meisten Distelarten Osttirols entweder in überweideten Pflanzengesellschaften unterschiedlichster Art oder aber auf Ruderalflächen vor. • Zu den einzelnen Arten werden grundlegende Angaben zur ihrer Ökologie und Phytozönologie gemacht; die meisten Arten wurden in Osttirol am Standort fotografiert. © Dietmar Brandes; download unter http://www.ruderal-vegetation.de/epub/index.html und www.zobodat.at Disteln in Osttirol • Carduus acanthoides, Carduus
  • Vercors in Summer

    Vercors in Summer

    Vercors in Summer Naturetrek Tour Report 11 - 18 July 2018 Blue Featherlegg by Diane Gee Allium carinatum by Paul Harmes Spotted Fritillary by Paul Harmes Judolia cerambyciformis by Paul Harmes Report and images compiled by Paul Harmes & Pete Stevens – additional image by Diane Gee Mingledown Barn Wolf’s Lane Chawton Alton Hampshire GU34 3HJ England T: +44 (0)1962 733051 E: [email protected] W: www.naturetrek.co.uk Tour Report Vercors in Summer Tour Participants: Paul Harmes & Pete Stevens (Leaders) with 12 Naturetrek clients Day 1 Wednesday 11th July Fly London Heathrow to Lyon – Lans en Vercors Twelve group members met Paul and Pete at Heathrow’s Terminal 3 for the 1.50pm British Airways flight BA362 to Lyon St. Exupery. Upon our arrival, we soon completed passport control and baggage reclaim and made our way out to the arrivals area, before making our way to the bus stop for the bus to the car-rental area to collect the minibuses. With luggage loaded, we boarded the vehicles for the journey to the Vercors region. We drove south-westwards on the A43 and A48 motorways, stopping to buy water at Aire L’Isle d’Abeau service area, before continuing south. We left the motorway at Voreppe, on the outskirts of Grenoble, and made our way, via Sessenage, up onto the Vercors Plateau to our destination, the Hotel Le Val Fleuri at Lans en Vercors. Along the way, we recorded Rook and Starling, neither of which, as yet, occur on the plateau, as well as Grey Heron. At the hotel, our base for the rest of the tour, we were met by our host, Eliane Bonnard.
  • Switzerland - Alpine Flowers of the Upper Engadine

    Switzerland - Alpine Flowers of the Upper Engadine

    Switzerland - Alpine Flowers of the Upper Engadine Naturetrek Tour Report 8 - 15 July 2018 Androsace alpina Campanula cochlerariifolia The group at Piz Palu Papaver aurantiacum Report and Images by David Tattersfield Naturetrek Mingledown Barn Wolf's Lane Chawton Alton Hampshire GU34 3HJ UK T: +44 (0)1962 733051 E: [email protected] W: www.naturetrek.co.uk Tour Report Switzerland - Alpine Flowers of the Upper Engadine Tour participants: David Tattersfield (leader) with 16 Naturetrek clients Day 1 Sunday 8th July After assembling at Zurich airport, we caught the train to Zurich main station. Once on the intercity express, we settled down to a comfortable journey, through the Swiss countryside, towards the Alps. We passed Lake Zurich and the Walensee, meeting the Rhine as it flows into Liectenstein, and then changed to the UNESCO World Heritage Albula railway at Chur. Dramatic scenery and many loops, tunnels and bridges followed, as we made our way through the Alps. After passing through the long Preda tunnel, we entered a sunny Engadine and made a third change, at Samedan, for the short ride to Pontresina. We transferred to the hotel by minibus and met the remaining two members of our group, before enjoying a lovely evening meal. After a brief talk about the plans for the week, we retired to bed. Day 2 Monday 9th July After a 20-minute walk from the hotel, we caught the 9.06am train at Surovas. We had a scenic introduction to the geography of the region, as we travelled south along the length of Val Bernina, crossing the watershed beside Lago Bianco and alighting at Alp Grum.
  • Central European Vegetation

    Central European Vegetation

    Plant Formations in the Central European BioProvince Peter Martin Rhind Central European Beech Woodlands Beech (Fagus sylvatica) woods form the natural climax over much of Central Europe where the soils are relatively dry and can extend well into the uplands in the more southern zones. In the north, however, around Sweden it is confined to the lowlands. Beech woodlands are often open with a poorly developed shrub layer, Characteristic ground layer species may include various helleborines such as Cephalanthera damasonium, C. longifolia and C. rubra and sedges such as Carex alba, whilst in others, grasses like Sesleria caerlea or Melica uniflora may predominate, but in some of the more acidic examples, Luzula luzuloides is likely to dominate. There are also a number of endemic ground layer species. For example, in Carpathian beech woods endemics such as Dentaria glandulosa (Brassicaceae), Symphytum cordata (Boraginaceae) and the fern Polystichum braunii (Dryopteridaceae) may be encountered. Fine examples of primeaval beech woods can be found in the limestone Alps of lower Austria including the famous ‘Rothwald’ on the southeastern slopes of Dürrentein near Lunz. These range in altitude from about 940-1480 m. Here the canopy is dominated by Fagus sylvatica together with Acer pseudoplatanus, Picea abies, Ulmus glabra, and on the more acidic soils by Abies alba. Typical shrubs include Daphne mezereum, Lonicera alpigena and Rubus hirtus. At ground level the herb layer is very rich supporting possibly up to a 100 species of vascular plants. Examples include Adenostyles alliariae, Asplenium viridis, Campanula scheuchzeri, Cardamine trifolia, Cicerbita alpina, Denteria enneaphyllos, Euphorbia amygdaloides, Galium austriacum, Homogyne alpina, Lycopodium annotinum, Mycelis muralis, Paris quadrifolia, Phyteuma spicata, Prenanthes purpurea, Senecio fuchsii, Valeriana tripteris, Veratrum album and the central European endemic Helliborus niger (Ranunculaceae).
  • Slovakia LTER Slovakia an Extract of the Elter Site Catalogue

    Slovakia LTER Slovakia an Extract of the Elter Site Catalogue

    Accredited sites 9 Network started 1993 Slovakia LTER Slovakia An extract of the eLTER Site Catalogue www.lter-europe.net This document is an extract of the full eLTER Site Catalogue, and includes all the sites included in the full catalogue for the specified country. The full catalogue included 150 eLTER Sites and eLTSER Platforms from 22 European countries. Edited by Andrew Sier1 Alessandra Pugnetti2 Caterina Bergami2 1NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, UK 2National Research Council, Institute of Marine Sciences, Italy Published 2019 The full catalogue is available online from www.lter-europe.net How to cite the full catalogue eLTER (2019). eLTER Site Catalogue. Eds.: Sier, A., Pugnetti, A. and Bergami, C. 189pp Images Unless otherwise indicated, all images are sourced from DEIMS and provided by eLTER Research Performing Organisations (responsible for site operations) About the eLTER Site Catalogue Long-Term Ecosystem Research (LTER) is an essential component of world-wide efforts to better understand ecosystems and the environment we belong to and depend on. Through research and long-term observation of representative sites in Europe and around the globe, LTER enhances our understanding of the structure and functions of ecosystems, which are indispensible for people’s life and well-being. The catalogue presents 150 European eLTER Sites (foci for long-term ecosystem observation and research) and eLTSER Platforms (large areas facilitating socio-ecological research), forming about a third of the total European sites. Each site is described in one page, providing a description of the site, the main ecosystems represented, the site’s research purpose(s), its location, research topics and the facilities available to support research.
  • Leseprobe GR2.Pdf

    Leseprobe GR2.Pdf

    Impressum Impressum Titelbild Faszination Biancograt. Foto: Juli 2012 Seite 1 Die Schneehaube des Piz Roseg; Foto: Juli 2012 Seite 3 Albignageist; Foto: Juni 2014 Fotos Sofern nicht anders vermerkt aus dem Archiv der Autoren Topos / Layout Daniel Silbernagel, Basel Lektorat / Übersetzungen Jérôme Zumstein, Schweiz / Andrea Montali, Schweiz Fachlektorat Christian Haug, Bergführer, Schweiz Kartenrechte Reproduziert mit Bewilligung von swisstopo (BM150228) 2. überarbeitete Ausgabe, Frühling 2017 ISBN 978-3-9524009-6-8 Autoren Michael Kropac, Bern, Schweiz, [email protected] das buch zum berg Daniel Silbernagel, Basel, Schweiz, [email protected] Stefan Wullschleger, Allschwil, Schweiz, [email protected] © topo.verlag www.topoverlag.ch das buch zum berg [email protected] PERFORMANCE neutral Drucksache No. 01-15-464073 – www.myclimate.org © myclimate – The Climate Protection Partnership Anregungen und Korrekturen Die Angaben in diesem Führer wurden mit grösstmöglicher Sorgfalt und nach bestem Wissen der Autoren zusammengestellt. Die Begehung der vorgeschlagenen Routen und Touren erfolgt auf eigene Gefahr. Die Schwierigkeiten hängen stark von den Verhältnissen ab. Hinweise auf Fehler und Ergänzungen nehmen die Autoren dankbar entgegen. 2 Hochtouren Topoführer – Bündner Alpen mit Disgrazia – 2. Auflage 2017 Inhaltsverzeichnis / table of contents / indice generale Inhaltsverzeichnis table of contents / Indice generale Einleitung Seite Introduction page Impressum 2 English Introduction 7 Einleitung – Inhalt und Aufbau 6 About this
  • Data Standards Version 2.8 July 5

    Data Standards Version 2.8 July 5

    Euro+Med Data Standards Version 2.8. July 5th, 2002 EURO+MED PLANTBASE PREPARATION OF THE INITIAL CHECKLIST: DATA STANDARDS VERSION 2.8 JULY 5TH, 2002 This document replaces Version 2.7, dated May 16th, 2002 Compiled for the Euro+Med PlantBase Editorial Committee by: Euro+Med PlantBase Secretariat, Centre for Plant Diversity and Systematics, School of Plant Sciences, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AS United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0)118 9318160 Fax: +44 (0)118 975 3676 E-mail: [email protected] 1 Euro+Med Data Standards Version 2.8. July 5th, 2002 Modifications made in Version 2.0 (24/11/00) 1. Section 2.4 as been corrected to note that geography should be added for hybrids as well as species and subspecies. 2. Section 3 (Standard Floras) has been modified to reflect the presently accepted list. This may be subject to further modification as the project proceeds. 3. Section 4 (Family Blocks) – genera have been listed where this clarifies the circumscription of blocks. 4. Section 5 (Accented Characters) – now included in the document with examples. 5. Section 6 (Geographical Standard) – Macedonia (Mc) is now listed as Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. Modification made in Version 2.1 (10/01/01) Page 26: Liliaceae in Block 21 has been corrected to Lilaeaceae. Modifications made in Version 2.2 (4/5/01) Geographical Standards. Changes made as discussed at Palermo General meeting (Executive Committee): Treatment of Belgium and Luxembourg as separate areas Shetland not Zetland Moldova not Moldavia Czech Republic
  • Maritime Alps Summer 2013 Wildlife Tour Report Botanical Birdwatching

    Maritime Alps Summer 2013 Wildlife Tour Report Botanical Birdwatching

    Maritime Alps Satyrs and the Ancient King A Greentours Tour Report 16th to 23rd July 2013 Led by Paul Cardy and Stefano Doglio Daily Accounts and Systematic Lists written by Paul Cardy The third of the Greentours summer Alpine trilogy, following on from The Dolomites and Slovenia, was an excellent week in the western Alps, on both the French and Italian sides of the glorious Maritime Alps. Even after more than a decade of leading tours here, and living just to the north in the Cottian Alps, the area still holds some surprises. Plant highlights this year included Lilium pomponium, Allium narcissiflorum, and Saxifraga callosa all in fine flower, the latter locally abundant cascading from cliffs and walls. Special were the endemic Micromeria marginata, the beautiful endemic Viola valderia, and many of the local speciality Nigritella corneliana. New for the tour this year were Orobanche salviae, Phyteuma globulariifolium, Knautia mollis, Achillea tomentosa, Gentiana brachyphylla, and Leuzea conifera. It was also a very good season for butterflies, not quite reaching the lofty heights of 2012’s 124 species, but we recorded approaching 100 species, many in large numbers. The first five nights were spent at a small pleasant family run hotel in the Valdeblore hamlet of La Bolline, a fine location, well situated for all excursions, and with a small grocery and a bakery just along the street where I could do the daily picnic shopping whilst Stefano looked after the group at breakfast. For the last two nights of the tour we moved to the other side of Mercantour National Park, and the hamlet of Casterino, which allowed easy access into the Italian Alpi Maritime, a superbly productive area.