Heidegger and the Festival of Being: from the Bridal Festival to the Round Dance
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HEIDEGGER AND THE FESTIVAL OF BEING: FROM THE BRIDAL FESTIVAL TO THE ROUND DANCE by Mathias Warnes M.A. Warwick University, 2004 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in The Faculty of Graduate Studies (Interdisciplinary Studies Graduate Program) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) December 2012 © Mathias Warnes, 2012 Abstract This dissertation consists in a hermeneutical-phenomenological and being-historical investigation of the time-play-space of “the festival” in the Collected Works of the philosopher Martin Heidegger (1889-1976). After introducing the scope and limits of the research within the primary and secondary literatures, followed by an interpretation of the festival in the 1920s, I show how the festival becomes prominent in the mid-1930s by way of Heidegger’s first sustained reading of Hölderlin, where the theme of the “bridal festival” of humans and gods first emerges, and next in “The Origin of the Work of Art” essay, which mentions “the festival of thinking.” From these two texts the festival then extends its resonances throughout the later writings, and culminates after 1946 in a thinking of the “round dance.” I focus on the bridal festival as a) the initiatory event of tragic being; b) the fissuring clasping of unbound demigods; and, c) the central thought of Heidegger’s being-historical thinking of the Greek gods and possible future for Hesperia. ii Table of Contents Abstract..............................................................................................................................ii Table of Contents..............................................................................................................iii Abbreviations.....................................................................................................................v Acknowledgements...........................................................................................................xi Dedication.........................................................................................................................xii 1 On the Way to Heidegger’s Festival of Thinking (Being).....................................1 1.1 The Time of the Festival in Heidegger Studies and Continental Philosophy..........2 1.2 A Bridal Star above the Field Path: The Festival of Thinking the Festival.............8 1.3 Primary and Secondary Sources: Heidegger’s Holiday and Festival.....................15 1.4 Neither Feasts nor Weddings: Χαίρειν to Nietzsche, Derrida, and Agamben.......30 2 Intimations of the Festival Beginning in the Early Heidegger.........................47 2.1 Festivals of Interpretation: Phenomenology, Parousiology, Θεωρία, Rhetoric......48 2.1.1 The Festival of Theoreticity: Historical Origins of Phenomenology............................48 2.1.2 The Festival of the Everyday: Καιρός and Παρουσία in Ur-Christian Life.................56 2.1.3 The Festival of Σοφία: The Festive Θεωρός as Proto-Phenomenologist......................66 2.1.4 A Speaking that Festively Flows: Contributions of Aristotle’s Rhetoric.....................73 2.1.5 Occasional Leaps into the Elemental: Hermes in Plato’s Hermeneutics......................77 2.2 Myth, Death, Time, and Festival in Being and Time and Beyond.........................82 2.2.1 Festivals of Dasein in Division I: Victory/Defeat as Γιγαντοµαχία and Care-Fable.....82 2.2.2 Festivals of Temporality in Division II: Natality, Mortality, and the Hochzeit............95 2.2.3 Ekstatic Time and Daimonic Playspace: Myth and Freedom as Being-History.........102 iii 3 Demigods at the Wedding: The Tragic Historicities of Φύσις.........................112 3.1 Understanding the Homology of War and Festival in the 1934 Germanien........113 3.1.1 Germania on Holiday: Becoming the Homeland in Play and Strife...........................113 3.1.2 The Playspace of an Exilic Autochthony: On the Festive Origins of Art...................122 3.1.3 Beyond War and Play: Gardens of Ἔρως, Festivals of Φύσις-Ἀλήθεια.....................129 3.2 Bridal Festival as Essence of the Raging Demigods in the 1935 Der Rhein........135 3.2.1 The Unity of the Counter-Possibilities of the Between as Daimonic Destiny............135 3.2.2 Heidegger’s Paratheology: Dionysos, Christ, and all the Brides of History...............147 3.3 Daimonic Turbulences of the Πόλις-Festival in the Hearth: SS 1942 ................158 3.3.1 Heidegger’s Wirbel: Between Fervency and Excentricity.........................................158 3.3.2 The Tragic Caesurae and Bridal Festivities of Oedipus and Antigone.......................168 3.3.3 Ἑστία and Ἀλήθεια: The Uncanny Festival in the Four Choral Saying.....................179 4 The Wedding that Arrives: The Round Dance as Ἀλήθεια...........................200 4.1 The Holiday Chiasmus: From the Festival to the Bridal Festival........................201 4.1.1 The Onset of the Holiday: Deserting the Habitual, Playing in the Abyss...................201 4.1.2 The Double Chiasmus of the Holiday: Work, Fest, Justice, and the Nefas................209 4.1.3 From the Wedding to the Round Dance: An Initiatory Topology of Being...............226 4.2 Bridal Festivals in the Passing of all the Gods to the Last...................................247 4.2.1 The Festive Attunement: Between Unfettered Abyss and Configuring Light............247 4.2.2 “As When on a Holiday...”: Καιρός and Mnemosyne................................................258 4.2.3 “March, / When Night and Day are Equal”: Augenblick and Δίκη.............................271 4.2.4 The Festival of the Last God as Other Beginning of a Chorus to Come...................283 Conclusion: On Being in the Mirror-Playing Round Dance......................................299 Bibliography...................................................................................................................332 iv Abbreviations HEIDEGGER All “GA” references are cited from Gesamtausgabe (Frankfurt am Main: Vittorio Klostermann, 1976-). Citations usually include the GA pagination and the available English translation, with modifications noted. Where only the GA pagination appears, the translations are my own, except the citations from GA 39 which are from William McNeill and Julia Ireland’s in progress work. Throughout WS is used as an abbreviation for Winter Semester and SS for Summer Semester. BC Basic Concepts. Trans. Gary Aylesworth. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1993. BCA Basic Concepts of Ancient Philosophy. Trans. Richard Rojcewicz. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2007. BH Becoming Heidegger On the Trail of his Occasional Writings, 1910-1927. Trans. Theodore Kisiel & Thomas Sheehan. Evanston: NorthWestern University Press, 2007. BQ Basic Questions of Philosophy: Selected “Problems” of “Logic.” Trans. Richard Rojcewicz & Andre Schuwer. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1990. BPP Basic Problems of Phenomenology. Trans. Albert Hoftadter. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1982. BT Being and Time. Trans. Joan Stambaugh. Rev. Dennis J. Schmidt. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2010. Some reference has also been made to the John Macquarrie & Edward Robinson translation. (Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 2000) BTr Being and Truth. Trans. Gregory Fried and Richard Polt. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2010. CPC Country Path Conversations. Trans. Bret W. Davis. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2010. CPI Contributions to Philosophy (From Enowning). Trans. Parvis Emad & Kenneth Maly. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1999. CPII Contributions to Philosophy (Of the Event). Trans. Richard Rojcewicz & Daniela Vallega-Neu. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2012. v DT Discourse on Thinking. Trans. John Anderson and Hans Freund. New York: Harper & Row, 1996. EGT Early Greek Thinking. Trans. David Farrell Krell & Frank Capuzzi. New York: Harper & Row, 1975. EHP Elucidations of Hölderlin’s Poetry. Trans. Keith Hoeller. Amherst: Humanity Books, 2000. EP The End of Philosophy. Trans. Joan Stambaugh. New York: Harper & Row, 1973. FCM The Fundamental Concepts of Metaphysics: World, Finitude, Solitude. Trans. William McNeill & Nicholas Walker. Bloomington: Indiana Univesity Press, 1995. FP “The Fieldpath.” Trans. Berrit Mexia. First Published in Journal of Chinese Philosophy. 13 (1986): 455-458. Online: http://www.omalpha.com/jardin/heidegger1-eng-imp.html. FS Four Seminars. Le Thor 1966, 1968, 1969, Zähringen 1973. Trans. Andrew Mitchell & François Raffoul. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2003. GA 4 Erläuterungen zu Hölderlins Dichtung. 5th ed. Ed. Friedrich-Wilhelm von Herrmann 1981, 2nd ed: 1996. Trans.: EHP. GA 5 Holzwege. 1935-46. Ed. Friedrich-Wilhelm von Herrmann. 1977, 2nd ed: 2003. Trans. as OBT. GA 6 Nietzsche V.I/II (1936-39 / 1939-46). Ed. B. Schillbach. 1996/7. Originally published as Nietzsche I and Nietzsche II (Pfullingen: Verlag Günther Neske, 1961). Trans. with some reference to GA 43/44—WS 1936/7 and SS 1937—as NI, NII, and EP. GA 7 Vorträge und Aufsätze. 1936-53. Ed. Friedrich-Wilhelm von Herrmann. 2000. All parts translated across QCT, EP, NI, PLT, and EGT. GA 9 Wegmarken.1919-58. Ed. Friedrich-Wilhelm von Herrmann. 1976, 3rd ed: 2004. Trans. as PM. GA 10 Der Satz vom Grund. 1955-56. Ed. Petra Jaeger. 1997. Trans. from the 1957 Neske edition as PR. GA 11 Identität und Differenz. 1955-57. “Der Satz der Identität” and “Die onto-theo-logische Verfassung der Metaphysik,” both Trans.: ID. GA 12 Unterwegs zur Sprache.