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												  Traffic Safety Resource GuideTRAFFIC SAFETY RESOURCE GUIDE International Association of Chiefs of Police TRAFFIC SAFETY RESOURCE GUIDE TRAFFIC SAFETY RESOURCE GUIDE Cover Images Credits: National Sheriffs’ Association and the New York State Police Version: December 8, 2017 @ 1100 hrs. Disclaimer: This publication is distributed by the U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of Transportation or the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The United States Government assumes no liability for its content or use thereof. If trade or manufacturers’ names or products are mentioned, it is because they are considered essential to the object of the publication and should not be construed as an endorsement. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CHIEFS OF POLICE 1 TRAFFIC SAFETY RESOURCE GUIDE TRAFFIC SAFETY RESOURCE GUIDE INTRODUCTION Police officers in the United States today know all too and others who best understand what the key issues are. well how challenging it has become to ensure the safe The IACP has learned anecdotally that police officers movement of traffic on the roadways. Factors such have been known to carry the Guide in their patrol vehicle as distracted driving, both alcohol and drug-impaired trunk, while at the same time, police chiefs use the Guide motorists, an increase in total miles driven, and newly in planning for meetings with their city manager, elected emerging considerations such as autonomous vehicles, officials, and community groups.
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												  Automated Speed Enforcement Pilot Project EvaluationAutomated Speed Enforcement Pilot Project Evaluation Final Report as Submitted to the Legislature Prepared by the Washington Traffic Safety Commission As Required by ESSB 5352, Section 201(2) December 30, 2010 as revised: January 18, 2011 Publication and Contact Information A PDF version of this report is available for download on the Washington Traffic Safety Commission website at: http://www-stage.wtsc.wa.gov/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2011/01/ASEReport123010.pdf For more information contact: Steve Lind Deputy Director Washington Traffic Safety Commission PO Box 40944 Olympia, WA 98504-0944 Phone: 360.725.9897 Email: [email protected] Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Information Persons with disabilities may request this information be prepared and supplied in alternate formats by calling the Washington Traffic Safety Commission at (360) 725-9898. Persons who are deaf or hard of hearing may call access Washington State Telecommunications Relay Service by dialing 7-1-1 and asking to be connected to (360) 725-9898. [This page intentionally left blank] ii TABLE OF CONTENTS GLOSSARY OF TERMS ............................................................................................................ iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ v INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND ..................................................................................... 1 Introduction ...........................................................................................................................
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												  The Road to Smarter Traffic Monitoring with Axis Network Video SolutionsTransportation The road to smarter traffic monitoring with Axis network video solutions. www.axis.com/traffic Bringing you closer By 2025, it’s predicted that every day 6.2 billion private motorized trips will be made in cities worldwide*. That means more roads, more road users to the and even greater pressure to get everyone from A to B, safely and efficiently. It’s a huge challenge for traffic management centers – and a testing time for traffic traffic. monitoring technology. Roads don’t run on guesswork. Together with our partners, we offer Traffic management centers need smart solutions that give you a broader, instant access to accurate, real-time deeper understanding of the traffic information – 24/7. Only then, can situation – in any conditions. you detect incidents early and respond quickly. That’s where Axis traffic monitoring solutions can help. *SOURCE: International Association of Public Transport, 2013 www.uitp.org/news/pics/pdf/PTX21.pdf Traffic | 3 From congestion and stopped vehicles to serious accidents and extreme weather, we understand the challenges you face every day. We know it’s not just important to improve the traffic situation in real time, but also over time. That’s why we’ve developed the right solutions to help you achieve this. With our 30 years of experience, spanning a broad range of industries from retail and transport to education and healthcare, we’ve been able to develop technology that can perform in any condition and bring unique value to each user group. Our traffic monitoring solutions put you at the heart of the action Aware, and help you keep the traffic flowing smoothly – at all times.
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												  Risks and Rewards of the Anytime-Anywhere Internet Risks and Rewards of the Anytime-Anywhere InternetResearch Collection Monograph ON/OFF: Risks and Rewards of the Anytime-Anywhere Internet Risks and Rewards of the Anytime-Anywhere Internet Author(s): Genner, Sarah Publication Date: 2017 Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-010805600 Originally published in: http://doi.org/10.3218/3800-2 Rights / License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use. ETH Library ON | OFF Risks and Rewards of the Anytime-Anywhere Internet Sarah Genner This work was accepted as a PhD thesis by the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Zurich in the spring semester 2016 on the recommendation of the Doctoral Committee: Prof. Dr. Daniel Sü ss (main supervisor, University of Zurich, Switzerland) and Prof. Dr. Urs Gasser (Harvard University, USA). Published with the support of the Swiss National Science Foundation. Bibliographic Information published by Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. This work is licensed under Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-SA 3.0. Cover photo: fl ickr.com/photos/zuerichs-strassen © 2017, vdf Hochschulverlag AG an der ETH Zürich ISBN 978-3-7281-3799-9 (Print) ISBN 978-3-7281-3800-2 (Open Access) DOI 10.3218/3800-2 www.vdf.ethz.ch [email protected] Table of Contents Preface ...................................................................................................................................
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												  Bill Analysis 133Rd General Assembly Click Here for H.BOHIO LEGISLATIVE SERVICE COMMISSION Office of Research Legislative Budget www.lsc.ohio.gov and Drafting Office H.B. 62 Bill Analysis 133rd General Assembly Click here for H.B. 62’s Fiscal Analysis Version: As Passed by the House Primary Sponsor: Rep. Oelslager Effective Date: Margaret Marcy, Attorney Carlen Zhang-D’Souza, Attorney Joe McDaniels, Attorney Table of Contents Department of Taxation ................................................................................................................. 3 Motor fuel excise tax ...................................................................................................................... 5 Rate ................................................................................................................................................. 5 Motor fuel use tax ........................................................................................................................... 5 Addition to tax base ........................................................................................................................ 6 Revenue distribution ....................................................................................................................... 6 Allowances, discounts, and refunds ............................................................................................... 7 Transit and school buses ............................................................................................................ 7 Transit contractor refund ..........................................................................................................
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												  Cell Phone Use-Related Distracted Driving a GraduateCALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHRIDGE Effectiveness of Policy: Cell Phone Use-Related Distracted Driving A graduate project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Public Administration, Public Sector Management and Leadership By Kirby Mayeda August 2020 Copyright by Kirby Mayeda 2020 ii The graduate project of Kirby Mayeda is approved: __________________________________________ _________________ Dr. Paul D. Krivonos Date __________________________________________ _________________ Dr. Elizabeth A. Trebow Date __________________________________________ _________________ Dr. Henrik Palasani-Minassians, Chair Date California State University, Northridge iii Acknowledgment I would like to express my gratitude to Dr. Henrik Palasani-Minassians for his counsel and support throughout the thesis process. I would also like to give thanks to my other professors in the Master of Public Administration program, who all brought a wealth of knowledge and real-world experience into the classroom. iv Dedication I would like to dedicate my thesis to the following loved ones: My mother, Cathy; my father and stepmother, Kirk and Caroline; my aunt and uncle, Shar and Dean; my maternal grandparents, Grammy and Grampy; my paternal grandparents, Ba-Chan and Ji-Chan; and last, but not least, my partner, Anthony. Words cannot express my gratitude for their presence in my life, and I fully recognize my good fortune in being given their boundless love, patience, and support. v Table of Contents Copyright page ii Signature page iii Acknowledgment iv Dedication v Abstract vii Introduction 1 Literature Review 4 Adverse Effects 4 Mechanisms of Distraction 7 Policy 11 Methods 15 Limitations 16 Conclusion 18 References 19 vi Abstract Policy Effectiveness: Cell Phone-Related Distracted Driving By Kirby Mayeda Master of Public Administration, Public Sector Management and Leadership Cell phone use-related distracted driving causes many adverse effects, including injuries, deaths, and financial problems.
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											Vision Zero's Enforcement Problem: Using Community Engagement to Craft 2018 Equitable Traffic Safety Strategies 6UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Vision Zero’s Enforcement Problem Using community engagement to craft equitable traffic safety strategies A comprehensive project submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Master of Urban & Regional Planning by: Rabi Abonour Client: Alta Planning + Design Faculty Chair of Committee: Professor Evelyn Blumenberg Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. 2018-34 N/A N/A 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date Vision Zero's Enforcement Problem: Using community engagement to craft 2018 equitable traffic safety strategies 6. Performing Organization Code UCLA-ITS 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Rabi Abonour LAS1804 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. Institute of Transportation Studies, UCLA N/A 3320 Public Affairs Building 11. Contract or Grant No. Los Angeles, CA 90095-1656 2018-34 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered The University of California Institute of Transportation Studies www.ucits.org 14. Sponsoring Agency Code UC ITS 15. Supplementary Notes DOI: doi:10.17610/T6MS3Q 16. Abstract Traffic fatalities are increasing in America, and cities are increasingly turning to a traffic safety framework called Vision Zero to combat this problem America Vision Zero plans generally include law enforcement as one strategy, which has drawn criticism from activists concerned about racially biased policing. This report analyzes the relationship between Vision Zero and racial justice, focusing on how cities conduct targeted stakeholder engagement and how this engagement affects the ways in which concerns about racially biased policing are incorporated into Vision Zero plans.
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												  Traffic Prediction Framework for Openstreetmap Using DeepTraffic Prediction Framework for OpenStreetMap Using Deep Learning Based Complex Event Processing and Open Traffic Cameras Piyush Yadav1 Lero-SFI Irish Software Research Centre, Data Science Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland [email protected] Dipto Sarkar Department of Geography, University College Cork, Ireland [email protected] Dhaval Salwala Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland Edward Curry Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland [email protected] Abstract Displaying near-real-time traffic information is a useful feature of digital navigation maps. However, most commercial providers rely on privacy-compromising measures such as deriving location in- formation from cellphones to estimate traffic. The lack of an open-source traffic estimation method using open data platforms is a bottleneck for building sophisticated navigation services on top of OpenStreetMap (OSM). We propose a deep learning-based Complex Event Processing (CEP) method that relies on publicly available video camera streams for traffic estimation. The proposed framework performs near-real-time object detection and objects property extraction across camera clusters in parallel to derive multiple measures related to traffic with the results visualized on OpenStreetMap. The estimation of object properties (e.g. vehicle speed, count, direction) provides multidimensional data that can be leveraged to create metrics and visualization for congestion beyond commonly used density-based measures. Our approach couples both flow and count measures during interpolation by considering each vehicle as a sample point and their speed as weight. We demonstrate multidimensional traffic metrics (e.g. flow rate, congestion estimation) over OSM by processing 22 traffic cameras from London streets.
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												  Code of Practice for the Operation of CCTV Enforcement Cameras for Parking London Borough of IslingtonCode of Practice for the Operation of CCTV Enforcement Cameras for Parking London Borough of Islington London Councils Version 2.3 June 2006 Update by Islington June 2011 CONTENTS Title Page 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Commitment and Responsibility 1 1.3 Code of Practice 1 2. THE OPERATION OF CCTV ENFORCEMENT CAMERAS 3 2.1 CCTV Camera Surveillance 3 2.2 The Legal Framework 3 2.3 Enforcement of Traffic Regulations by CCTV 4 2.4 Operation of the System 6 2.5 Retention and Use of Evidence 7 2.6 Guidelines for Appeals 9 2.7 Security of Operations 11 2.8 Procedures Manual 11 2.9 Operating Personnel 11 APPENDICES 1. Particulars of Operating Authority 13 2. Example CCTV Control Room Log Sheet 14 3. Example CCTV Enforcement Log 15 4. Sample Authorised Officer Witness Statement (Parking Contraventions) 16 5. Sample Authorised Officer Witness Statement (Bus Lane Contraventions) 17 6. Sample Authorised Officer Witness Statement (Moving Traffic Contraventions) 18 7. Right to Request the Attendance at Appeal of the Person Signing the Authorised 19 Officer Witness Statement (Bus Lane Appeals) 8. Glossary of Terms 20 9. London Councils TEC approved training courses for CCTV operators 22 10. DfT Camera Approval for Bus Lanes 23 11. DfT Camera Approval for Parking Contravention 24 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1.1.1 Since 1999 the London Boroughs and Transport for London have been using CCTV cameras to enforce traffic regulations. The introduction of enforcement of traffic regulations by CCTV cameras is one part of a wide-ranging programme of measures to improve the reliability and punctuality of public transport, reduce congestion and pollution.
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												  Who's Watching? Video Camera Surveillance in New York City and the Need for Public OversightWHO’S WATCHING? VIDEO CAMERA SURVEILLANCE IN NEW YORK CITY AND THE NEED FOR PUBLIC OVERSIGHT A Special Report by the New York Civil Liberties Union F A L L 2 0 0 6 NYCLU_whoswatching.indd 1 11/21/06 12:44:42 PM 125 Broad Street, New York, NY 10004 212.607.3300 Donna Lieberman Executive Director This report was written by Loren Siegel, Robert A. Perry, and Margaret Hunt Gram on behalf of the New York Civil Liberties Union, a non-partisan organization dedicated to preserving and defending the principles set forth in the Bill of Rights. It was designed by Michael J. Balzano, who generously donated his time. The maps were created by Veronica Olazabal. The NYCLU thanks the following individuals and groups for their work on this project: Andrew Adams Alec Miller Michael J. Balzano Martin Miller Chris Calabrese Indrani Mondal Chris Dunn NYCBORDC Surveillance Camera Project Nanette Francia-Cotter Udi Ofer James Garren Peter Pantelis Yanilda Gonzalez Stephanie Robins Susanna Groves David Solomon Beth Haroules Nathan Stamm Jamarah Harris Alex Stone-Tharp Miriam Hurwitz The Surveillance Camera Players Molly Jacobs-Meyer Irum Taqi Gwendolyn Leachman Ana Vasquez Donna Lieberman Igor Volynets NYCLU_whoswatching.indd 2 11/21/06 12:44:42 PM TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................1 Camera Count Ready, Fire, Aim!? DO VIDEO SURVEILLANCE CAMERAS
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												  Automated Road Traffic Enforcement: Regulation, Governance and Use a ReviewMobility • Safety • Economy • Environment Automated Road Traffic Enforcement: Regulation, Governance and Use A review Dr Adam Snow Liverpool Hope University October 2017 The Royal Automobile Club Foundation for Motoring Ltd is a transport policy and research organisation which explores the economic, mobility, safety and environmental issues relating to roads and their users. The Foundation publishes independent and authoritative research with which it promotes informed debate and advocates policy in the interest of the responsible motorist. RAC Foundation 89–91 Pall Mall London SW1Y 5HS Tel no: 020 7747 3445 www.racfoundation.org Registered Charity No. 1002705 October 2017 © Copyright Royal Automobile Club Foundation for Motoring Ltd Mobility • Safety • Economy • Environment Automated Road Traffic Enforcement: Regulation, Governance and Use A review Dr Adam Snow Liverpool Hope University October 2017 About the Author Dr Adam Snow is a lecturer in criminology at Liverpool Hope University. His research expertise lies in the field of road traffic, road safety and parking enforcement. He has produced research reports for a variety of organisations that are involved in parking enforcement and road traffic regulation. His most recent work involved examining (with colleagues from the University of Birmingham) public perceptions of the Traffic Penalty Tribunal's online case management system. His research examines public expectations and experiences of regulation and punishment, and the perceived legitimacy of such enforcement systems. Acknowledgements The author would like to thank Professor Sally Kyd of Leicester University and Dr Helen Wells of Keele University for their support in getting the project off the ground and their helpful comments throughout the process. The author and the RAC Foundation would like to thank the peer reviewers for their helpful comments on drafts of the report.
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												  Part IV: Digital & Interactive Technologies Photo Enforcement Cameras, Pedestrian Activated Signs and Driver Feedback SignsIn the world of traffic calming, options to reduce speeding drivers, to increase pedestrian and motorist safety, and to improve the quality of life within a community are constantly evolving. This document is the fourth and final installment in a series of 21st Century Traffic Calming guides that analyze engineered trafficcalming solutions. Part IV: Digital & Interactive Technologies Photo Enforcement Cameras, Pedestrian Activated Signs and Driver Feedback Signs The digital age has brought revolutionary advancements to the transportation industry. Lights provide advance warnings and signs can now communicate unique, important and timely messages to motorists as they travel neighborhood streets and major thoroughfares. These new technologies can also act as valuable supplements to law enforcement officers. PHOTO ENFORCEMENT CAMERAS These automated enforcement devices are used to detect speeding, the running of red lights, and other traffic violations such as illegal rail crossings, toll violations and school bus stop-arm infractions. While they can be effective, many are controversial. According to the Governors Highway Safety Association as of October 2014, photo enforcement cameras are currently in use for either speed enforcement or traffic light enforcement in 24 states, although many are extremely limited in scope and may only be operated within local ordinances or in cities with certain population thresholds. Enforcement cameras have provoked great controversy. Their use has resulted in numerous court cases and a number of government entities have ultimately ended their programs amid public outcry. As a result, speed cameras are prohibited in 13 U.S. states and red-light cameras are prohibited in 10 states. 21st Century Traffic Calming Guide: Digital & Interactive Technologies Page 1 ©2015 Radarsign Speed Cameras Speed camera systems use a variety of detectors to determine the speed of vehicles.