Giant Frogfish Antennarius commersonii

Size: The largest of the frogfish species, the Giant or Commerson frogfish can reach sizes up to 15 inches in length.

Appearance: Frogfish are masters of reef camouflage; they are found in a range of colors and have the ability to change their coloration (and texture) to match their environment. Often mistaken for sponges, this bony fish has lumps and warts covering its scale- less skin. The dorsal fins (the fins on the back of the fish) and tail are rounded, which gives the frogfish a football like look. Frogfish are commonly seen resting in one spot among coral and sponges or can be seen “walking” along the ocean floor on their specially adapted pectoral fins.

Range/Distribution: Warm tropical waters of the Pacific and Indian Oceans as well as in the Red Sea.

Habitat: Frequently found inshore among the coral reef ecosystems; in particular along the rocky bottom.

Prey: Frogfish prey includes smaller fishes (including other frogfish) and crustaceans (lobsters and crabs). Frogfish are expert ambush predators and will stay perfectly camouflaged while waiting for food. Classified as an anglerfish, their first dorsal fin has adapted into a small, fleshy rod that is used as a fishing rod to attract prey. The frogfish

will wiggle this pole and lure until unsuspecting prey is close enough that the frogfish and suck it up. In fewer than 6 milliseconds, frog fish can expand their jaws more than 12 times its size to gulp prey. It is not uncommon for a frogfish to each prey items that are larger than it!

Predators: Larger frogfish and on occasion, moray eels

Mating Behaviors: Male and female frogfish are usually the same size but during spawning, females will increase in size to accommodate their egg mass (40,000-180,000 eggs). Eggs are laid in large mucus covered masses close to the surface and there is no parental care given to the young. The egg raft will float over long distances and sinks short after the larvae hatch.

Conservation Status: Not evaluated by IUCN

Threats: Frogfish populations are believed to be stable but habitat destruction and pollution can negatively impact their habitat.

Fun Facts: Frogfish lack a swim bladder which is why they are often found along the ocean floor. Frogfish eggs are called an “egg raft” or “veil” Frogfish are toothless and swallow their food whole Some frogfish species are identified based on lure type, number of eye spots and spines Some frogfish will inflate their bodies by swallowing water to deter predators.