DOCSLIB.ORG

Observations on the Lithodid Crabs of Pero, with Description of Two New Species

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Observations on the Lithodid Crabs of Pero, with Description of Two New Species OBSERVATIONS ON THE LITHODID CRABS OF PERO, WITH DESCRIPTION OF TWO NEW SPECIES JANET HAIG Reprinted from BULLETIN OF THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Vol. 73, No. 3, November 1974 pp. 152-164 Made in the United States of America OBSERVATIONS ON THE LITHODID CRABS OF PERU, WITH DESCRIPTION OF TWO NEW SPECIES JANET HAIG X ABSTRACT: Eight species of Lithodidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura) are reported from deep water off Peru. Two are described as new and a third is illustrated for the first time. The other five species, which were briefly cited from Peruvian waters (del Solar, 1972), are discussed in more detail. Attention is drawn to morphological changes that take place with growth in family Lithodidae. Distribution of the tropical component of the west American lithodids is discussed. The Lithodidae are a family of anomuran crabs, resemblance to Lithodes. However, examination some of them of large size, which inhabit the of the rostrum (if present) and the abdomen littoral zone and depths to at least 2400 m. The might prove it to belong to Neolithodes. Neo- family comprises more than 50 species, including lithodes diomedeae (Benedict) is reported from such economically important forms as the Alaska Chile and from Mexico and is therefore to be king crab, Paralithodes camtschaticus (Tilesius), expected in Peruvian waters. in the north Pacific, and the centolla, Lithodes Measurements given in this report, except where antarcticus Jacquinot, off southern Chile and there is a statement to the contrary, refer to the Argentina. Until recently no lithodids were length of the carapace. All measurements were known from Peruvian waters. taken to 0.5 mm using a dial caliper. Specimens, In recent years the Instituto del Mar del Peru including holotypes of the two new species, are (IMARPE) has been conducting investigations in in the collections of the Allan Hancock Foundation deep water, particularly on crustaceans of poten­ (A. H. F.). This paper is contribution No. 351 tial economic importance. Since late 1970 E. M. from the Allan Hancock Foundation. del Solar, scientific advisor for IMARPE, has collected material of eight species of Lithodidae Lithodes Latreille, 1806 aboard "SNP-1," "Wiracocha," and the Japanese trawler "Challua japic." Samples of these, which Lithodes Latreille, 1806: 39. Type species by mono- were sent to me for identification by del Solar, typy: Cancer maja Linnaeus. Bouvier, 1896: 10, 20. form the basis of this report. Carapace spiny; rostrum generally prominent and Two of the species were previously undescribed. armed with spines. Antennal acicle (scaphocerite) A third was described by Benedict (1895) from a either well developed, rudimentary, or lacking. Walk­ specimen collected at an unspecified locality by ing legs considerably longer than greatest width of the U.S. Fisheries vessel "Albatross"; it is illus­ carapace. Second (basal) abdominal somite with trated for the first time in this paper. The other median plate fused to lateral plates, and usually five species were described by Faxon (1§93) with- laterals fused to marginal plates; on abdominal from material collected by the "Albatross" in the somites 3-5, median plate replaced by a membrana­ ceous area covered with calcified platelets; lateral eastern Pacific between 07°31'30" N and 05°26' plaies of somites 3-5 distinct and paired; marginal 20" N; they were listed, with the first Peruvian plates of somites 3-5 distinct and variable in number, records, by del Solar (1972). present on both sides in males, on right side only The presence of Lithodidae in Peru had been in females. recognized earlier on the basis of unidentified fragments taken from the stomach of "cachalotes" Lithodes panamensis Faxon, 1893 (sperm whales). A ninth Peruvian species is represented by legs and part of the carapace of Lithodes panamensis Faxon, 1893: 166; Faxon, 1895: one such specimen, which is housed in a whaling 50, pi. 10 figs. 1, 1 a-c; Bouvier, 1896: 24; del museum at Tierra Colorada to the south of Paita; Solar, 1972: 5, 14. del Solar believes it to be a Lithodes (del Solar, 1972: 6, and pers. coram.). I have seen a photo­ 1 Allan Hancock Foundation, Univ. Southern graph of this crab and agree that it bears a general California, Los Angeles, California 90007. 152 i 1974 NEW LITHODID CRABS FROM PERU 153 Diagnosis: Carapace covered with low, warty pro­ become enlarged. Gastric region bearing two pairs of tuberances; two pairs of spines on gastric region, short, stout spines, and separated from cardiac two spines on each branchial region, a pair on car­ region by a deep, transverse depression. Cardiac diac and a pair on intestinal region; lateral spines region well defined, with a pair of small spines. consisting of outer orbital, anterolateral, hepatic, Branchial regions separated from cardiac region by and three branchials. Gastric and branchial regions deep, oblique grooves; each branchial region with a very convex, defined by deep depressions. Rostrum well developed spine opposite sulcus separating gas­ strongly inclined upward, terminating in a median tric and cardiac regions. Intestinal region with a pair and two lateral spines; ventral process long but not of small spines. Outer orbital angle marked by a visible in dorsal view. Antennal acicle long, rudi­ long, slender spine; a shorter one at anterolateral mentary, or absent. Abdominal plates covered with angle; a long, strong marginal hepatic spine; three low tubercles; basal (second) somite with a distinct lateral branchial spines, the most anterior one largest, suture on each side separating marginal plate from others not much larger than a few enlarged, laterally fused median and lateral plates. situated surface spinules. Previous records: 07°31'30" N, 79° 14' W, 458 Dorsal portion of rostrum inclined upward, with fms [837 m] (Faxon, 1893, 1895). 03°48' S, 81°22' two terminal spines and a pair of median lateral W, 680 m; 07°59' S, 80°22' W, 760-800 m; latitude spines; proximal half densely covered with minute of Pisco [13°44' S], from stomach of a sperm whale; spinules to base of median spines; ventral process 17°34' S, 71°55' W, 850 m (del Solar, 1972). rather short and not visible in dorsal view, covered Material examined: Ovigerous female; off Peru, proximally with minute spinules. 07°59' S, 80°22' W; 760-800 m, hard bottom; Eyestalks short, somewhat constricted at about November 1971; E. M. del Solar on trawler "Challua middle, and unarmed, with cornea situated laterally japic." and ventrally. Second segment of antennal peduncle Measurements: Length of carapace excluding ros­ with several spines on its outer side, the most distal trum, 100 mm; maximum width of carapace excluding one large and elongate and reaching end of penulti­ lateral spines, 108 mm; length of right, third walking mate (fourth) segment; acicle rudimentary, conical. leg: merus, 78 mm; carpus, 44 mm; propodus, 70.5 Chelipeds subequal in length, but right somewhat mm; dactyl, 45.5 mm. stouter than left; small, thornlike spines, disposed in Remarks: My specimen agrees well with the longitudinal rows, on merus, carpus, and chela; spines somewhat enlarged on ventral surface of description and illustration of the holotype, a ischium. Walking legs long and slender; ischium, female 79 mm long excluding the rostrum. A few merus, carpus, and propodus covered on all sides by minor differences were noted. The three terminal longitudinal rows of thorny spines, these a little rostral spines are more elongate than the rostral larger dorsally and ventrally; dactyl witii several rows spines of the type; the proximal portion of the of spines reaching almost to tip. rostrum is also longer and advanced beyond the Abdominal plates, and platelets of somites 3-5. eyestalks, A pair of small spines on the cardiac densely covered with sharp spinules. Basal abdominal region of the carapace was not mentioned by somite with a median pair of small spines; a narrow, Faxon, although his illustration, perhaps errone­ spinule-free line on each side in position of suture which separates marginal from fused median and ously, shows a median spine in that area. The lateral plates in a few species of Lithodes, but in this lateral hepatic spines are much larger than they case no actual suture visible. Lateral plates of left appear in the illustration of the holotype. On each side edged with numerous long, sharp spines, many antennal peduncle there is a rudimentary, conical themselves bearing two or three spinules along each acicle, instead of the long, slender one occurring side; marginal plates of right side drawn out into on the right peduncle in the type. still longer compound spines. A specimen collected by del Solar at 17°34' S, Previous records: 03848' S, 81°22' W, 680 m; 07' has a carapace 190 mm long and measures 970 59' S, 80°22' W, 800 m (del Solar, 1972). mm between the tips of the extended legs (del Material examined: Holotype, ovigerous female. Solar, 1972: 14). A.H.F. 712; 12 mi. SW Banco de Mancora, Peru: 620 m, mud bottom; 15 March 1971; E. M. del Solar on trawler "Wiracocha." Measurements: Length of carapace excluding ros­ Lithodes wiracocha, new species trum, 103.5 mm; rostrum, 16 mm; maximum width of Figure 1 carapace excluding lateral spines, 97 mm; length of right, third walking leg: merus, 78 mm; carpus, 48.5 Lithodes n. sp.: del Solar, 1972: 14. mm; propodus, 79 mm; dactyl, 47 mm. Description: Carapace a little longer than broad; Etymology: From Tici Wiracocha, the creator god surface and all margins densely covered with small, of Inca mythology, and his namesake, the trawler sharp spinules, some of the marginal ones tending to "Wiracocha" aboard which the holotype was col- 154 BULLETIN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES VOLUME 73 D, Figure 1.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Classification of Living and Fossil Genera of Decapod Crustaceans
    RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 2009 Supplement No. 21: 1–109 Date of Publication: 15 Sep.2009 © National University of Singapore A CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING AND FOSSIL GENERA OF DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS Sammy De Grave1, N. Dean Pentcheff 2, Shane T. Ahyong3, Tin-Yam Chan4, Keith A. Crandall5, Peter C. Dworschak6, Darryl L. Felder7, Rodney M. Feldmann8, Charles H. J. M. Fransen9, Laura Y. D. Goulding1, Rafael Lemaitre10, Martyn E. Y. Low11, Joel W. Martin2, Peter K. L. Ng11, Carrie E. Schweitzer12, S. H. Tan11, Dale Tshudy13, Regina Wetzer2 1Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PW, United Kingdom [email protected] [email protected] 2Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90007 United States of America [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 3Marine Biodiversity and Biosecurity, NIWA, Private Bag 14901, Kilbirnie Wellington, New Zealand [email protected] 4Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan, Republic of China [email protected] 5Department of Biology and Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602 United States of America [email protected] 6Dritte Zoologische Abteilung, Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria [email protected] 7Department of Biology, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504 United States of America [email protected] 8Department of Geology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242 United States of America [email protected] 9Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands [email protected] 10Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, 10th and Constitution Avenue, Washington, DC 20560 United States of America [email protected] 11Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 12Department of Geology, Kent State University Stark Campus, 6000 Frank Ave.
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Species-Specific Edna-Based Test Systems For
    REPORT SNO 7544-2020 Development of species-specific eDNA-based test systems for monitoring of non-indigenous Decapoda in Danish marine waters © Henrik Carl, Natural History Museum, Denmark History © Henrik Carl, Natural NIVA Denmark Water Research REPORT Main Office NIVA Region South NIVA Region East NIVA Region West NIVA Denmark Gaustadalléen 21 Jon Lilletuns vei 3 Sandvikaveien 59 Thormøhlensgate 53 D Njalsgade 76, 4th floor NO-0349 Oslo, Norway NO-4879 Grimstad, Norway NO-2312 Ottestad, Norway NO-5006 Bergen Norway DK 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark Phone (47) 22 18 51 00 Phone (47) 22 18 51 00 Phone (47) 22 18 51 00 Phone (47) 22 18 51 00 Phone (45) 39 17 97 33 Internet: www.niva.no Title Serial number Date Development of species-specific eDNA-based test systems for monitoring 7544-2020 22 October 2020 of non-indigenous Decapoda in Danish marine waters Author(s) Topic group Distribution Steen W. Knudsen and Jesper H. Andersen – NIVA Denmark Environmental monitor- Public Peter Rask Møller – Natural History Museum, University of Copenhagen ing Geographical area Pages Denmark 54 Client(s) Client's reference Danish Environmental Protection Agency (Miljøstyrelsen) UCB and CEKAN Printed NIVA Project number 180280 Summary We report the development of seven eDNA-based species-specific test systems for monitoring of marine Decapoda in Danish marine waters. The seven species are 1) Callinectes sapidus (blå svømmekrabbe), 2) Eriocheir sinensis (kinesisk uldhånds- krabbe), 3) Hemigrapsus sanguineus (stribet klippekrabbe), 4) Hemigrapsus takanoi (pensel-klippekrabbe), 5) Homarus ameri- canus (amerikansk hummer), 6) Paralithodes camtschaticus (Kamchatka-krabbe) and 7) Rhithropanopeus harrisii (østameri- kansk brakvandskrabbe).
    [Show full text]
  • Biennial Reproduction with Embryonic Diapause in Lopholithodes Foraminatus (Anomura: Lithodidae) from British Columbia Waters Author(S): William D
    Biennial reproduction with embryonic diapause in Lopholithodes foraminatus (Anomura: Lithodidae) from British Columbia waters Author(s): William D. P. Duguid and Louise R. Page Source: Invertebrate Biology, Vol. 130, No. 1 (2011), pp. 68-82 Published by: Wiley on behalf of American Microscopical Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/23016672 Accessed: 10-04-2017 18:37 UTC REFERENCES Linked references are available on JSTOR for this article: http://www.jstor.org/stable/23016672?seq=1&cid=pdf-reference#references_tab_contents You may need to log in to JSTOR to access the linked references. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms American Microscopical Society, Wiley are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Invertebrate Biology This content downloaded from 205.225.241.126 on Mon, 10 Apr 2017 18:37:38 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Invertebrate Biology 130(1): 68-82. © 2011, The American Microscopical Society, Inc. DOI: 10.1111/j.l 744-7410.2011.00221 .x Biennial reproduction with embryonic diapause in Lopholithodes foraminatus (Anomura: Lithodidae) from British Columbia waters William D. P. DuguicT and Louise R. Page Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3N5, Canada Abstract.
    [Show full text]
  • Carcinization in the Anomura–Fact Or Fiction? II. Evidence from Larval
    Contributions to Zoology, 73 (3) 165-205 (2004) SPB Academic Publishing bv, The Hague Carcinization in the Anomura - fact or fiction? II. Evidence from larval, megalopal and early juvenile morphology Patsy+A. McLaughlin Rafael Lemaitre² & Christopher+C. Tudge² ¹, 1 Shannon Point Marine Center, Western Washington University, 1900 Shannon Point Road, Anacortes, 2 Washington 98221-908IB, U.S.A; Department ofSystematic Biology, NationalMuseum ofNatural History, Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, U.S.A. Keywords: Carcinization, Anomura, Paguroidea, Lithodidae, Paguridae, Lomisidae, Porcellanidae, larval, megalopal and early juvenile morphology, pleonal tergites Abstract Existing hypotheses 169 Developmental data 170 Results 177 In this second carcinization in the Anomura ofa two-part series, From hermit to king, or king to hermit? 179 has been reviewed from early juvenile, megalopal, and larval Analysis by Richter & Scholtz 179 perspectives. Data from megalopal and early juvenile develop- Questions of asymmetry- 180 ment in ten ofthe Lithodidae have genera provided unequivo- Pleopod loss and gain 18! cal evidence that earlier hypotheses regarding evolution ofthe Uropod loss and transformation 182 king crab erroneous. of and pleon were A pattern sundering, - Polarity or what constitutes a primitive character decalcification has been traced from the megalopal stage through state? 182 several early crabs stages in species ofLithodes and Paralomis, Semaphoronts 184 with evidence from in other supplemental species eight genera. Megalopa/early juvenile characters and character Of major significance has been the attention directed to the states 185 inmarginallithodidsplatesareofnotthehomologoussecond pleomere,with thewhichadult whenso-calledseparated“mar- Cladistic analyses 189 Lomisoidea 192 ginal plates” ofthe three megalopal following tergites.
    [Show full text]
  • Challenging the Cold: Crabs Reconquer the Antarctic
    Ecology, 86(3), 2005, pp. 619±625 q 2005 by the Ecological Society of America CHALLENGING THE COLD: CRABS RECONQUER THE ANTARCTIC SVEN THATJE,1,5 KLAUS ANGER,2 JAVIER A. CALCAGNO,3 GUSTAVO A. LOVRICH,4 HANS-OTTO POÈ RTNER,1 AND WOLF E. ARNTZ1 1Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Columbusstr. D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany 2Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Foundation Alfred Wegener Institute, Helgoland, Germany 3Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Intendente GuÈiraldes 2160, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina 4Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientõ®cas y TeÂcnicas, Centro Austral de Investigaciones Cientõ®cas, CC 92, V9410BFD Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina Abstract. Recent records of lithodid crabs in deeper waters off the Antarctic continental slope raised the question of the return of crabs to Antarctic waters, following their extinction in the lower Miocene ;15 million years ago. Antarctic cooling may be responsible for the impoverishment of the marine high Antarctic decapod fauna, presently comprising only ®ve benthic shrimp species. Effects of polar conditions on marine life, including lowered metabolic rates and short seasonal food availability, are discussed as main evolutionary driving forces shaping Antarctic diversity. In particular, planktotrophic larval stages should be vulnerable to the mismatch of prolonged development and short periods of food avail- ability, selecting against complex life cycles. We hypothesize that larval lecithotrophy and cold tolerance, as recently observed in Subantarctic lithodids, represent, together with other adaptations in the adults, key features among the life-history adaptations of lithodids, potentially enabling them to conquer polar ecosystems. The return of benthic top predators to high Antarctic waters under conditions of climate change would considerably alter the benthic communities.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Sensitivity Index Guidelines Version 2.0
    NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS ORCA 115 Environmental Sensitivity Index Guidelines Version 2.0 October 1997 Seattle, Washington noaa NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION National Ocean Service Office of Ocean Resources Conservation and Assessment National Ocean Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration U.S. Department of Commerce The Office of Ocean Resources Conservation and Assessment (ORCA) provides decisionmakers comprehensive, scientific information on characteristics of the oceans, coastal areas, and estuaries of the United States of America. The information ranges from strategic, national assessments of coastal and estuarine environmental quality to real-time information for navigation or hazardous materials spill response. Through its National Status and Trends (NS&T) Program, ORCA uses uniform techniques to monitor toxic chemical contamination of bottom-feeding fish, mussels and oysters, and sediments at about 300 locations throughout the United States. A related NS&T Program of directed research examines the relationships between contaminant exposure and indicators of biological responses in fish and shellfish. Through the Hazardous Materials Response and Assessment Division (HAZMAT) Scientific Support Coordination program, ORCA provides critical scientific support for planning and responding to spills of oil or hazardous materials into coastal environments. Technical guidance includes spill trajectory predictions, chemical hazard analyses, and assessments of the sensitivity of marine and estuarine environments to spills. To fulfill the responsibilities of the Secretary of Commerce as a trustee for living marine resources, HAZMAT’s Coastal Resource Coordination program provides technical support to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency during all phases of the remedial process to protect the environment and restore natural resources at hundreds of waste sites each year.
    [Show full text]
  • Changes in Biomass and Chemical Composition During Lecithotrophic Larval Development of the Southern Stone Crab Paralomis Granulosa
    MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Vol. 257: 189–196, 2003 Published August 7 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Changes in biomass and chemical composition during lecithotrophic larval development of the southern stone crab Paralomis granulosa Javier A. Calcagno1,*, Sven Thatje2, Klaus Anger3, Gustavo A. Lovrich4, Antje Kaffenberger3 1Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Lab 64, 4to Piso, Pab II, Cdad Universitaria C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina 2Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, PO Box 120 161, 27515 Bremerhaven, Germany 3Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Stiftung Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, 27498 Helgoland, Germany 4Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas, CADIC, CC 92, V9410BFD Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina ABSTRACT: Changes in biomass and elemental composition (dry mass, W; carbon, C; nitrogen, N; hy- drogen, H) were studied in the laboratory during complete larval and early juvenile development of the southern stone crab Paralomis granulosa (Jacquinot). At 6 ± 0.5°C; total larval development from hatching to metamorphosis lasted ca. 56 d, comprising 2 demersal zoeal stages and a benthic mega- lopa, with mean stage durations of 5, 11 and 45 d, respectively. All larval stages of P. granulosa are lecithotrophic, and first feeding and growth were consistently observed immediately after meta- morphosis to the first juvenile crab stage. Regardless of presence or absence of food, W, C, N, and H decreased throughout larval development. Also the C:N mass ratio decreased significantly, from 7.2 at hatching to 4.2 at metamorphosis, indicating that a large initial lipid store remaining from the egg yolk was gradually utilised as an internal energy source.
    [Show full text]
  • How to Become a Crab: Phenotypic Constraints on a Recurring Body Plan
    Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 25 December 2020 doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0664.v1 How to become a crab: Phenotypic constraints on a recurring body plan Joanna M. Wolfe1*, Javier Luque1,2,3, Heather D. Bracken-Grissom4 1 Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 2 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa–Ancon, 0843–03092, Panama, Panama 3 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8109, USA 4 Institute of Environment and Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Biscayne Bay Campus, 3000 NE 151 Street, North Miami, FL 33181, USA * E-mail: [email protected] Summary: A fundamental question in biology is whether phenotypes can be predicted by ecological or genomic rules. For over 140 years, convergent evolution of the crab-like body plan (with a wide and flattened shape, and a bent abdomen) at least five times in decapod crustaceans has been known as ‘carcinization’. The repeated loss of this body plan has been identified as ‘decarcinization’. We offer phylogenetic strategies to include poorly known groups, and direct evidence from fossils, that will resolve the pattern of crab evolution and the degree of phenotypic variation within crabs. Proposed ecological advantages of the crab body are summarized into a hypothesis of phenotypic integration suggesting correlated evolution of the carapace shape and abdomen. Our premise provides fertile ground for future studies of the genomic and developmental basis, and the predictability, of the crab-like body form. Keywords: Crustacea, Anomura, Brachyura, Carcinization, Phylogeny, Convergent evolution, Morphological integration 1 © 2020 by the author(s).
    [Show full text]
  • Crabs and Their Relatives of British Columbia by Josephine Hart 1984 British Columbia Provincial Museum Handbook 40
    Crabs and their relatives of British Columbia by Josephine Hart 1984 British Columbia Provincial Museum Handbook 40. Victoria, British Columbia. 267 pp. Extracted from the publication (now out of print) SECTION MACRURA Superfamily Thalassinidea Key to Families 1. Shrimp-like. Integument soft and pleura on abdomen large. Live in burrows……………………………………………………………………………..……….……Axiidae 1. Shrimp-like. Integument soft and pleura small. Live in burrows………………………………………………………………………………………………….2 2. Rostrum distinct, ridged and setose. Eyestalks cylindrical and cornea terminal. Chelipeds subchelate and subequal…………………………………………………………………….Upogebiidae 2. Rostrum minute and smooth. Eyestalks flattened with mid-dorsal corneal pigment or cylindrical without dark pigment. Chelipeds chelate and unequal in size and shape.......Callianassidae Family AXIIDAE The thin-shelled shrimp-like animals in this family are all burrowers and are found from shallow subtidal habitats to great depths. Recently Pemberton, Risk and Buckley (1976) determined that one species found off Nova Scotia makes burrows more than 2.5 m into the substrate. Obviously in abyssal regions the collection of these animals under such circumstances in particularly haphazard. Thus the number of specimens obtained is few and often these are damaged. Four species of this family are known to occur in the waters off British Columbia. All have one or two small hollow knobs of apparently unknown function on the mid-dorsal ridge of the carapace. These species have been assigned to the genera Axiopsis, Calastacus and Calocaris. The definitions of these genera were made when few species had been studied and recent discoveries indicate that the criteria used are not satisfactory. New genera will have to be created and the taxonomy of the Family revised.
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution and Abundance of Some Epibenthic Invertebrates of the Northeastern Gulf of Alaska with Notes on the Feeding Biology of Selected Species
    DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF SOME EPIBENTHIC INVERTEBRATES OF THE NORTHEASTERN GULF OF ALASKA WITH NOTES ON THE FEEDING BIOLOGY OF SELECTED SPECIES by Howard M. Feder and Stephen C. Jewett Institute of Marine Science University of Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska 99701 Final Report Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program Research Unit 5 August 1978 357 We thank Max Hoberg, University of Alaska, and the research group from the Northwest Fisheries Center, Seattle, Washington, for assistance aboard the MV North Pucijk. We also thank Lael Ronholt, Northwest Fisheries Center, for data on commercially important invertebrates. Dr. D. P. Abbott, of the Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, identified the tunicate material. We appreciate the assistance of the Marine Sorting Center and Max Hoberg of the University of Alaska for taxonomic assistance. We also thank Rosemary Hobson, Data Processing, University of Alaska, for help with coding problems and ultimate resolution of those problems. This study was funded by the Bureau of Land Management, Department of the Interior, through an interagency agreement with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce, as part of the Alaska Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program. SUMMARY OF OBJEC!CIVES, CONCLUSIONS, AND IMPLICATIONS WITH RESPECT TO OCS OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENT The objectives of this study were to obtain (1) a qualitative and quantitative inventory of dominant epibenthic species within the study area, (2) a description of spatial distribution patterns of selected benthic invertebrate species, and (3) preliminary observations of biological interrelationships between selected segments of the benthic biota. The trawl survey was effective, and excellent spatial coverage was obtained, One hundred and thirty-three stations were successfully occupied, yielding a mean epifaunal invertebrate biomass of 2.6 g/mz.
    [Show full text]
  • Crustáceos Decápodos (Arthropoda: Crustacea: Decapoda) De Aguas Profundas Del Pacífico Mexicano: Lista De Especies Y Material Recolectado Durante El Proyecto TALUD
    Crustáceos decápodos (Arthropoda: Crustacea: Decapoda) de aguas profundas del Pacífico mexicano: lista de especies y material recolectado durante el proyecto TALUD Michel E. Hendrickx1 INTRODUCCIÓN Los crustáceos decápodos son organismos omnipresentes en los mares y océanos de la Tierra y han sido encontrados desde la zona intermareal hasta las profundida- des abisales. Contienen los muy conocidos cangrejos, los camarones, los langosti- nos y las langostas. Algunas especies son particularmente llamativas por su forma y sus colores. El grupo de los crustáceos decápodos corresponde a una orden dentro del filo de los Arthropoda (Subfilo Crustacea: Orden Decapoda). Se caracteriza por tener un caparazón generalmente bien calcificado y (salvo algunas excepciones) 10 pares de “patas” (o pereiópodos) que sirven como apéndices prensiles o para desplazarse. Contiene unas 18000 especies y está formado por dos subórdenes y 10 infraordenes. El primer suborden, los Dendrobranchiata, corresponde, entre otras especies, a los camarones clásicos (e.g., los Penaeidae que se pescan en las costas de México). Los Pleocyemata, el segundo suborden de decápodos, contiene todas las demás especies de camarones, langostinos, langostas y cangrejos reparti- das entre 10 infraordenes (Stenopodidea, Caridea, Astacidea, Glypheidea, Axiidea, 1 Laboratorio de Invertebrados Bentónicos, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Uni- dad Académica Mazatlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Joel Montes Cama- rena s/n, Mazatlán 82040, Sinaloa, México. Correo-e: [email protected]. 283 Gebiidea, Achelata, Polychelida, Anomura y Brachyura) (De Grave et al. 2009). De estos, ocho tienen representantes en aguas profundas (Martin y Davis 2001, Brusca y Brusca 2002). Los Glypheidae, con solamente dos especies vivas, no tienen representantes en aguas profundas.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Amphipoda of the Northeast Pacific (Equator to Aleutians, Intertidal to Abyss): IX. Photoidea
    Amphipoda of the Northeast Pacific (Equator to Aleutians, intertidal to abyss): IX. Photoidea - a review Donald B. Cadien, LACSD 22 July 2004 (revised 21 May 2015) Preface The purpose of this review is to bring together information on all of the species reported to occur in the NEP fauna. It is not a straight path to the identification of your unknown animal. It is a resource guide to assist you in making the required identification in full knowledge of what the possibilities are. Never forget that there are other, as yet unreported species from the coverage area; some described, some new to science. The natural world is wonderfully diverse, and we have just scratched its surface. Introduction to the Photoidea Over more than a century the position of the photids has been in dispute. Their separation was recommended by Boeck (1871), a position maintained by Stebbing (1906). Others have relegated the photids to the synonymy of the isaeids, and taxa considered here as photids have been listed as members of the Family Isaeidae in most west coast literature (i.e. J. L. Barnard 1969a, Conlan 1983). J. L. Barnard further combined both families, along with the Aoridae, into an expanded Corophiidae. The cladistic examination of the corophioid amphipods by Myers and Lowry (2003) offered support to the separation of the photids from the isaeids, although the composition of the photids was not the same as viewed by Stebbing or other earlier authors. The cladistic analysis indicated the Isaeidae were a very small clade separated at superfamily level from the photids, the neomegamphopids, and the caprellids within the infraorder Caprellida.
    [Show full text]