Paleozoic Geology of the Carleton Place Area, Southern Ontario; Ontario Geological Survey, Preliminary Map P.2725, Scale 1:50 000
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Sloan Geological mapping of the Carleton Place area involved the re-examina Resources Deputy Minister tion of the area mapped by Wilson, Liberty and Reinhardt (1973) for the Geological Survey of Canada. The area lies partially within the Ottawa- Ontario St. Lawrence Lowland, which is characterized by Paleozoic bedrock transected by a system of normal faults striking northeast to southeast. The main physiographic feature is the Mississippi River (including Mis sissippi Lake), which flows generally northward through the map area. The eastern part of the area forms part of the Smiths Falls Limestone ONTARIO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Plain (Chapman and Putnam 1951, 1966). MAP P. 2725 Paleozoic bedrock outcrop is generally abundant within the Smiths Falls Limestone Plain, and consists of areas of pavement (within which quar GEOLOGICAL SERIES - PRELIMINARY MAP ries have been developed). Surficial deposits consist of till (which occurs in till plains, drumlinized in PALEOZOIC GEOLOGY places), ice-contact stratified drift, marine (Champlain Sea) clay, sand, and gravel, and Recent alluvial sand and silt and organic bog deposits CARLETON PLACE AREA (Richard 1976). The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (Eastern Region) drilled the following wells within the map area: L-C (CP-1), drilled to a depth of 41.8 SOUTHERN ONTARIO m in Ramsay Township, (concession VIII, lot 2) (Powell and Klugman 1979; Rogers 1980, p. 38); and L-D (CP-2), drilled to 22.0 m in Ramsay Township (concession IX, lot 20) (Powell and Klugman 1979). The On Scale 1:50 000 tario Ministry of Transportation and Communications drilled 2 holes to a maximum depth of 10.4 m at locality Carleton Place 28 (CP-3) (Beckwith Township, concession VIII, lot 14) (Magni 1982). PRECAMBRIAN-PALEOZOIC BOUNDARY NTS Reference: 31F/1 ODM-GSC Aeromagnetic Map. 12G Precambrian rock is exposed in the western part of the map area, and the unconformably overlying Paleozoic rock is exposed in the eastern OGS Geological Compilation Map: 2418 part. Although a fault contact usually separates Precambrian and Paleo zoic outcrop areas, an unfaulted contact strikes generally north-south through Mississippi Lake. Bedding in the Paleozoic rock, normally close ©1984 Government of Ontario to horizontal, dips relatively steeply adjacent to contacts with Precam brian rock. Parts of this publication may be quoted if credit is given and the material PALEOZOIC STRATIGRAPHY is properly referenced. The logs for the Geological Survey of Canada Lebreton well (drilled in This map is published with the permission of V.G. Milne, Director, On the Ottawa area to the northeast), and for the Ontario Ministry of Natural tario Geological Survey. Resources (Eastern Region) L-C well, indicate that the maximum thick ness of Paleozoic rock occurring in the map area is approximately 240 m. The common occurrence of normal faults within the map area has resu lted in the exposure of Paleozoic rock at various levels within the sequence. Equivalent Paleozoic rock units occur in the Montreal area, and units equivalent to those of the uppermost part of the Ottawa Valley sequence occur in southern Ontario west of the Frontenac Axis. The uppermost units of the Carleton Place area are herein referred to as the Gull River Formation and the Bobcaygeon Formation (Units A to C and Unit D, re spectively, of Williams and Wolf 1982, p.133), in support of Liberty's (1967) recommendation that the lithostratigraphic nomenclature of the region to the west of the Frontenac Axis be applied to the Ottawa-St. Lawrence Lowland. It is recommended that the name "Ottawa" be ele vated to Group status. Covey Hill Formation (Cambro-Ordovician) Feldspathic conglomeratic quartz sandstone unconformably overlying the Precambrian basement, and tentatively assigned to the Covey Hill Formation (Unit 1) as proposed by Williams, Rae and Wolf (1984), occurs in areas to the east but may not exist in the Carleton Place map-area; it does not outcrop, and is absent from both wells (L-C an L-D) drilled into the Precambrian by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (Eastern Region). Nepean Formation (Cambro-Ordovician) The Nepean Formation (Unit 2) (Wilson 1946, p.10-12) outcrops in sev eral fault blocks in the eastern part of the Carleton Place map area. The log for drillhole L-C indicates a total thickness of 31.1 m. The formation consists primarily of medium-grained well sorted quartz LEGEND sandstone. Fine-grained beds predominate in the upper part of the for mation, and interbeds up to a few metres thick of quartz-pebble con glomerate occur. The quartz grains are generally well rounded. The PHANEROZOIC fresh surface is white to light brown, and small rusty spots are common. PALEOZOIC The weathered surface ranges from pure white to dark brown to brick UPPER ORDOVICIAN red, and is usually cream to light brown. The unit is generally medium bedded, but beds range from very thin to massive (up to 2 m thick). Queenston Formation1: red to light greenish grey silt- Based on the nature of the cementing material, there are two common stone and shale, with interbeds of silty bioclastic lime types of sandstone: a hard quartzite (resulting from secondary quartz stone in lower part overgrowth) and a more friable rock (resulting from calcite cement). Crossbedding is common, and various types of trace fossils occur. Carlsbad Formation1: interbedded dark grey shale, The Nepean Formation is equivalent to the Cairnside Member of the fossiliferous calcareous siltstone, and silty bioclastic Chateauguay Formation of the Montreal area. limestone March Formation (Lower Ordovician) Billings Formation1: dark brown to black shale, with la The March Formation (Unit 3) (Wilson 1946, p.12-14) outcrops exten minations of calcareous siltstone sively in the eastern part of the map area. The log for drillhole L-C indi 1 cates a total thickness of 8.1 m. Eastview Formation : interbedded sublithographic to fine crystalline limestone and dark brown to dark grey The formation consists of interbedded quartz sandstone, sandy dolo- shale stone, and dolostone.