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Stephen E 64520750, in Ven Tor

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Stephen E 64520750, in Ven Tor June 12, 1956 s. E. GARUTSO 2,749,820 MEANS OF PRODUCING THREE DIMENSIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM Filed Dec. 1, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 27' 1. - 566/p/glyne l 19 111-»1I | l l | | STEPHEN E 64520750, IN VEN TOR. BY June 12, 1956 S, E. GARUTSO 2,749,820 MEANS OF PRODUCING THREE DIMENSIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM Filed Dec. 1, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 lcécd/ P/ane 0/ aé/écf/l/e Secondary zfoca/fma' Igloo-1e e | i 13-»: I | | I l qskepuzwbi 642117.90, \ A I /~l4/ INVENTOR. BY JTmPA/Ey.I 2,749,820 Q Patented June 12, 1956 2 Figure 5 is a sectional view on the line 5—-5 of Figure 3, illustrating the relative positions of the vertical ?eld lenses and associated elements; 2,749,820 Figure 6 is a diagrammatic view of one of the ?eld MEANS OF PRODUCHN'G THREE DIIVIENSIONAL lenses, the main objective and prisms interposed between PHOTOGHIC FILM the ?eld lens and the main objective, with the path of light rays for both the ?eld lens and the objective shown Stephen E. Garutso, Hollywood, Calif. in dotted lines; and Application December 1, 1952, Serial No. 323,371 Figure 7 is an elevation of the focal plane of the main objective, showing images projectedthereon by the main 3 Claims. (Cl. 95-18) objective, and offset images likewise projected upon the focal plane, as a result of the ?eld lens arrangement shown in Figure 6. Referring now with particularity to the drawings, I The present invention relates to three dimensional pho 15 have provided a main objective 1, the form shown in the tography, and contemplates the provision of means several ?gures of the drawings being for illustrative pur adapted to photograph objects in such a manner as to pro poses only, and which is of the double convex type. duce a three dimensional negative from which positives Forwardly of the main objective 1, is a system of hori may be made. The positives, when projected by any zontal and vertical ?eld assemblies, each assembly in form of projector, will show on a standard screen, objects cluding a ?eld or secondary lens 2, and some means for in true perspective and with depth effects. turning light rays so as to pass the same through the main I have discovered that a lens system having a plurality objective 1. The said means may comprise a pair of of ?eld or secondary lenses, together with a main objec right angle prisms 3 and 4, a mirror or other reflecting tive, when properly coordinated as to focal lengths, with means, and the assembly likewise includes a ?lter 5 for the ?eld lenses provided with color means, such as colored wardly of the ?eld lens 2. In place of the ?lter, which ?lters, forwardly of each ?eld lens, produces a three is colored, I may utilize a prism or a difraction grating, dimensional effect, particularly when the ?eld lenses pro as is self-evident. In the showing of the present inven duce out~of-focus images in the focal plane of the ob tion, I have provided four ?eld lens assemblies, containing jective. the elements just named, two of which are horizontal I have also discovered that the colored secondary 30 assemblies, as shown in Figure 1 at 6 and 7, and two of images should be forwardly of and offset relative to the which are vertical assemblies, as shown at 8 and 9. main image at the focal plane of the main objective and Figure 4 diagrammatically illustrates the horizontal as that best results are obtained when the light rays from the semblies, and the axis of each ?eld lens 2 of each as ?eld lenses are passed through the main objective. sembly is parallel to the axis of the main objective 1. The colored secondary images impart to the main 35 In the case of the horizontal assemblies, said assemblies image a sense of separation and roundness in the photo are relatively offset, both vertically and horizontally, as graphed subject. Further the addition of color removes shown in Figures 3 and 4. Thus, the assembly at 7 is ?atness and gives to the viewer of the projected ?lm, a slightly forwardly of and above the assembly at 6. The sense of depth and separation between images of objects arrangement of the assemblies at 6 and 7 is such that the at different distances. The multi-sccondary images in 40 distance between the axes of the two ?eld lenses closely the practice of the present invention come to the focal approximates the pupillary distance between the eyes of plane from different angles, both horizontally and ver a human being. The prisms are positioned so that at full tically. aperture, light through each set of prisms of the two An object of the invention is to produce photographs, assemblies 6 and 7 covers more than one~half of the ?eld which when projected, give to the observer a three di 45 in the objective focal plane on opposite sides of the ob mensional e?’ect. jective axis 10, the focal plane being indicated at 11. A further object is to produce suitable means for pro Means is indicated at 12, rearwardly of the main objective ducing separated-image photographs, and which means is 1, for controlling the aperture for said objective, and it comparatively inexpensive to manufacture, does not re is intended that at the smallest aperture at which said quire specially constructed elements, and which utilizes objective is designed to be used, only the edges of the lenses and color means which are available on the ?eld are still covered by light through the ?eld assemblies, market. shown at 6 and 7. ' With the above mentioned, and other objects in view, The vertical assemblies 8 and 9 may have the axes the invention consists in the novel and useful provision, thereof further apart than the axes of the assemblies formation, construction, association and relative arrange» 55 shown at 6 and 7, it being essential, however, that the ment of parts, members and features, all as shown in a axis of each ?eld lens assembly should be parallel and certain embodiment in the accompanying drawings, de the vertical assemblies may be in alignment and not olf scribed generally, and more particularly pointed out in set, as is the case for the horizontal assemblies. The ver the claims. , tical assemblies, as stated, contain the same elements, to In the drawing: 60 wit: a ?lter, a ?eld lens and two right angle prisms, and Figure l is a front elevation of the invention, showing which assemblies at full aperture pass light through the four ?eld lenses surrounding the main objective; vertical assembly prisms to cover slightly less than one— Figure 2 is a side elevation of Figure 1, showing the half the ?eld on opposite sides of the axis 10. Thus, the ?eld lenses with the main objective, positioned rearwardly horizontal assemblies cover slightly more than one-half of the ?eld lenses; _ the ?eld, while the vertical assemblies cover slightly less Figure 3 is an elevational view showing the ?eld lenses than one-half the ?eld, using the axis 10 as a reference surrounding the main objective together with prisms posi point. i tioned rearwardly of the ?eld lenses, and with color The ?eld lenses of the four assemblies cause secondary ?lters forwardly of the ?eld lenses; images, which are out of focus, at the focal plane of Figure 4 is a sectional view on the line 4t~—4 of Figure 70 the main objective. As a result, the ?eld lenses must 3, showing the relative position of the horizontal ?eld , have proper focal length with reference to their positions lenses, with respect to the main objective; and the focal length of the main objective 1. Further~ ‘ 2,749,820 3 4 more, the secondary images formed by the ?eld assem For some time past, the effect of color in obtaining a blies must have a focal plane for the secondary images stereoscopic e?’ect has been known. E. Grimsehl, in an located somewhere between the second principal plane of article appearing in the British Journal of Photography, the main objective 1, and the focal plane 11 of the ob in 1968; 56, 328; pointed out that if an obliterated Ger jective. This is illustrated in Figure 6, wherein the light man 10 pfennig red stamp is examined with both eyes rays are shown both for the main objective 1 and for through a magnifying glass of 4- inch diameter, the oblit one of the ?eld lens assemblies. It will be seen from this eration appears to stand about two or three millimeters ?gure that the focus for the main objective is at the focal above the plane of the paper. This does not appear with plane 11, while the secondary image focal plane is situ a 5 pfennig green stamp; hence the effect is due to the ated at 13. The distance forwardly of the secondary color of the stamp. This effect does not appear when a image focal plane is not critical, save and except that black letter is drawn on a piece of red paper, only when the secondary images must be completely blurred, and the letter is drawn in red on white, that is, a ?ne network must not cause distortion in the main image on the focal of red lines on white paper, with a black design. It is plane at 11. This blurring effect for the secondary especially noticeable with a wide-mesh net, having parts images, of course, refers to such image as is received on of the letter lying on the red lines, whereas those parts the focal plane of the objective 1.
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