The Wuerttemberg Chamber Orchestra
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Turkish German Muslims and Comedy Entertainment CURRENT ISSUES in ISLAM
Turkish German Muslims and Comedy Entertainment CURRENT ISSUES IN ISLAM Editiorial Board Baderin, Mashood, SOAS, University of London Fadil, Nadia, KU Leuven Goddeeris, Idesbald, KU Leuven Hashemi, Nader, University of Denver Leman, Johan, GCIS, emeritus, KU Leuven Nicaise, Ides, KU Leuven Pang, Ching Lin, University of Antwerp and KU Leuven Platti, Emilio, emeritus, KU Leuven Tayob, Abdulkader, University of Cape Town Stallaert, Christiane, University of Antwerp and KU Leuven Toğuşlu, Erkan, GCIS, KU Leuven Zemni, Sami, Universiteit Gent Turkish German Muslims and Comedy Entertainment Settling into Mainstream Culture in the 21st Century Benjamin Nickl Leuven University Press Published with the support of the Popular Culture Association of Australia and New Zealand University of Sydney and KU Leuven Fund for Fair Open Access Published in 2020 by Leuven University Press / Presses Universitaires de Louvain / Universitaire Pers Leuven. Minderbroedersstraat 4, B-3000 Leuven (Belgium). © Benjamin Nickl, 2020 This book is published under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Non-Derivative 4.0 Licence. The licence allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the work for personal and non- commercial use providing author and publisher attribution is clearly stated. Attribution should include the following information: B. Nickl. 2019. Turkish German Muslims and Comedy Entertainment: Settling into Mainstream Culture in the 21st Century. Leuven, Leuven University Press. (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) Further details about Creative Commons licences -
German’ Communities from Eastern Europe at the End of the Second World War
EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE, FLORENCE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AND CIVILIZATION EUI Working Paper HEC No. 2004/1 The Expulsion of the ‘German’ Communities from Eastern Europe at the End of the Second World War Edited by STEFFEN PRAUSER and ARFON REES BADIA FIESOLANA, SAN DOMENICO (FI) All rights reserved. No part of this paper may be reproduced in any form without permission of the author(s). © 2004 Steffen Prauser and Arfon Rees and individual authors Published in Italy December 2004 European University Institute Badia Fiesolana I – 50016 San Domenico (FI) Italy www.iue.it Contents Introduction: Steffen Prauser and Arfon Rees 1 Chapter 1: Piotr Pykel: The Expulsion of the Germans from Czechoslovakia 11 Chapter 2: Tomasz Kamusella: The Expulsion of the Population Categorized as ‘Germans' from the Post-1945 Poland 21 Chapter 3: Balázs Apor: The Expulsion of the German Speaking Population from Hungary 33 Chapter 4: Stanislav Sretenovic and Steffen Prauser: The “Expulsion” of the German Speaking Minority from Yugoslavia 47 Chapter 5: Markus Wien: The Germans in Romania – the Ambiguous Fate of a Minority 59 Chapter 6: Tillmann Tegeler: The Expulsion of the German Speakers from the Baltic Countries 71 Chapter 7: Luigi Cajani: School History Textbooks and Forced Population Displacements in Europe after the Second World War 81 Bibliography 91 EUI WP HEC 2004/1 Notes on the Contributors BALÁZS APOR, STEFFEN PRAUSER, PIOTR PYKEL, STANISLAV SRETENOVIC and MARKUS WIEN are researchers in the Department of History and Civilization, European University Institute, Florence. TILLMANN TEGELER is a postgraduate at Osteuropa-Institut Munich, Germany. Dr TOMASZ KAMUSELLA, is a lecturer in modern European history at Opole University, Opole, Poland. -
Integration of East German Resettlers Into the Cultures and Societies of the GDR
Integration of East German Resettlers into the Cultures and Societies of the GDR Doctoral Thesis of Aaron M.P. Jacobson Student Number 59047878 University College London Degree: Ph.D. in History 1 DECLARATION I, Aaron M.P. Jacobson, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 2 ABSTRACT A controversy exists in the historiography of ethnic German post-WWII refugees and expellees who lived in the German Democratic Republic. This question is namely: to what extent were these refugees and expellees from various countries with differing cultural, religious, social and economic backgrounds integrated into GDR society? Were they absorbed by the native cultures of the GDR? Was an amalgamation of both native and expellee cultures created? Or did the expellees keep themselves isolated and separate from GDR society? The historiography regarding this controversy most commonly uses Soviet and SED governmental records from 1945-53. The limitation of this approach by historians is that it has told the refugee and expellee narrative from government officials’ perspectives rather than those of the Resettlers themselves. In 1953 the SED regime stopped public record keeping concerning the Resettlers declaring their integration into GDR society as complete. After eight years in the GDR did the Resettlers feel that they were an integrated part of society? In an attempt to ascertain how Resettlers perceived their own pasts in the GDR and the level of integration that occurred, 230 refugees and expellees were interviewed throughout the former GDR between 2008-09. -
Terms of Racial Endearment: Nazi Categorization of Mennonites in Ideology and Practice, 1929–1945
Terms of Racial Endearment: Nazi Categorization of Mennonites in Ideology and Practice, 1929–1945 Benjamin W. Goossen ABSTRACT The Christian Mennonite denomination maintained a privileged position within National Socialist thought and policy through its conceptual and legal association with an evolving series of racial categories. Nearly all the world’s half-million Mennonites lived outside German borders between the World Wars. This allowed a small number of church leaders and sympathetic scholars to shape their image within Germany, especially as Hitler’s wartime expansionism brought a fourth of the denomination’s members under Nazi rule. Casting Mennonitism as part of one or more subgroups within a larger Germanic whole benefitted most adherents in regions administered by the Third Reich while simultaneously enabling their enrollment in propaganda and empire building. In November 1929, the Nazi Party organ, Völkischer Beobachter, carried a front-page article entitled “The Death of the German Farmer Community in Soviet Russia.” Authored by Alfred Rosenberg, the editor and National Socialist ideologue who had led the party while Hitler was in prison, it outlined the plight of some 13,000 German-speaking refugees from Stalinization who, encamped in Moscow, sought escape from the Soviet Union to Germany. For Rosenberg, the crisis symbolized a world-historic clash between what he called Judeo-Bolshevism and the German race. “Bolshevism is a comrade of the Jewish efforts to destroy the entire Germanic world,” Rosenberg wrote. “The National Socialist movement recognized this danger from the beginning and built that into its essence; the extermination of the despairing German farmers in Soviet Russia gives opportunity to sharpen this recognition anew.”1 Penned shortly before the appearance of Rosenberg’s bestselling book, Der Mythus des 20. -
The German Migration to the East by Jerry Frank While We May Not Be Able to Understand Exactly What (With Permission from the Author & FEEFHS
The German Migration to the East by Jerry Frank While we may not be able to understand exactly what (with permission from the author & FEEFHS. previously motivated an answer to migrate, we can at least observe migration trends that can help us in tracing our genealogy. This published in the Spring/Summer 1999 FEEFHS Journal Vol. 7, article consists of an overview of German migrations to Eastern #1 & 2). Europe. You still may not discover why your ancestor moved, Jerry Frank is an amateur genealogist specializing in but hopefully you will have a better general understanding of the Germans from Russian Poland and Volhynia. His family migration trends. research has broadened to include general history of their migration. He has spoken at several international conferences Early German-Slav Conflict as well at local genealogical society meetings. His current When we talk about the migration of the Germans to project is a book on the migration of Lutheran Germans through the east, we are talking about their movement from Russian Poland and Volhynia (northwestern Ukraine). The historically German territory to historically Slavic book will be an historical,geographical, and genealogical territory. The border between these two territories has not resource. Included will be 32 pages of maps of Russian Poland changed much over the centuries. It has been the same for and about 24 pages covering Volhynia, both sets at 1:300,000 most of recorded history. It is true that political scale. The maps will be fully indexed showing over 2000 boundaries have moved in both easterly and westerly villages of Germanic residence in Russian Poland and another directions. -
Batschka's Trail of Tears
From the book: “Voelkermord der Tito-Partisanen 1944-1948: Dokumentation” By Oesterreichische Historiker-Arbeitsgemeinschaft fuer Kaernten und Steiermark, Graz 1990 Translated by Henry Fischer Table of Contents The South and South West Batschka 2 Neusatz 2 Futok 4 Batschki Jarek 5 Bulkes 6 Palanka 6 Novoselo 8 Obrowatz 9 Tscheb 9 Towarisch 10 Plavna 10 North and Middle Batschka 11 Werbass 11 Kula 12 Klein-Ker 12 Subotica 13 Sekitsch-Feketitisch 14 West and North West Batschka 14 Hodschag 15 Karavukovo 16 Milititisch 17 Batsch 18 Filipovo 19 Apatin 19 Sonta 21 Sentiwan 21 Doroslo 22 Sombor 22 Gakowa-Kruschevlje 25 The systematic liquidation program of the Danube Swabian population in the Batschka closely followed the parameters of the governmental districts into which the Batschka was divided for administrative purposes. 1. North and Middle Batschka 2. South and South West Batschka 3. West and North Batschka Each of these districts had a central Slave Labor Camp, countless “working stations”, and internment and concentration camps for those unfit for work. The original internment and concentration camps were closed as the inmates were sent to the chief district internee camp. North and Middle Batschka consisted of the communities in and around Kula and Subotica and the villages scattered in the remaining eastern Batschka. South and South West Batschka covered the areas around Neusatz and Palanka. West and North West Batschka consisted of the regions of Hodschag, Apatin and Sombor. The South and South West Batschka “…people were treated as if they were even worse than animals.” Neusatz Neusatz was the capital of the Vojvodina. -
Germans in Kansas
Review Essay Series GERMANS IN KANSAS Eleanor L. Turk he history of Kansas presents a color- EDITORS’INTRODUCTION ful mosaic of peoples and events and Our original vision for this essay can be studied from many perspec- series included widening our knowl- tives. Perhaps the richest of these is edge of well-known historical topics Tthe history of the peoples who have resided in and how historians have treated them, drawing our attention to new the state and built it: the Native Americans who topics, new methods, and new inter- have lived here through the ages; the migrants pretations. We hoped the essays from the eastern and southern states, driven by would reflect historians’ ongoing their concept of “manifest destiny” to incorpo- search for a more complete and in- rate Kansas Territory into their new nation; the sightful understanding of our past Border Ruffians and Jayhawkers who fought to and suggest new research directions. define its political and social character; the Exo- Dr. Eleanor Turk’s essay meets these expectations admirably. dusters from the South who hoped to find a Turk discusses older works that peaceful haven for African Americans in “free” share many characteristics. In partic- Kansas after the Civil War; and the thousands ular they focus almost exclusively on upon thousands of Europeans, lured by the migration and settlement. We learn prospects of land and independence, who chose why European Germans and Russ- to leave their ancient homelands for the chal- ian Germans came to this country and where they settled in Kansas. lenges of the American frontier. -
The European Origins of German-American Diversity
THE EUROPEAN ORIGINS OF GERMAN-AMERICAN DIVERSITY oth the official motto of the United tion today. Yet much of the common her- States, e pluribus unum ("One out of itage is ageless, since many customs, beliefs Bmany"), and the motto expressed in and traditions are derived from the misty the German national anthem, "Einigkeit und past of pagan times and transcend both Recht und Freiheit" ("Unity, Justice and present national borders and specific tribal Freedom") betray the degree to which affiliations, fully justifying historian Fried- diversity has been a given in the history of rich Meinecke's concept of a "deutsche both nations. Yet each has pursued the goal Kulturnation" [Germanic cultural unity] of unifying its diverse elements differently. which encompasses the German-speaking The United States—the foremost countries and regions of central Europe "Nation of Immigrants," to quote John F. allowing diversity and commonality to co- Kennedy's book title—has shaped its identi- exist. The industrial age, the concomitant ty through a continuous process of assimila- growth of cities, increased mobility, and tion and integration involving some 140 dif- ease of communication have encouraged the ferent nationalities, with the goal of forming a process of homogenization, of course. political and socio-economic whole out of a populace of different ethnic backgrounds Especially in the second half of the twenty- and religious creeds. The quest for unity in eth century, the gradual urbanization of German-speaking lands, on the other hand, even the smallest villages has been con- has been predicated largely on the mainte- stantly chiseling away at some of the most nance of a variety of diverse tribal affilia- tenacious of the individual tribal character- tions, reaching back into antiquity but istics. -
The Hungarian German Minority Under Károlyi, Kun and Bethlen
Between Volk and Staat – The Hungarian German minority under Károlyi, Kun and Bethlen, 1918-1924 by Sebastian Garthoff Submitted to Central European University History Department In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Supervisor: Prof. András GerĘ Second Reader: Prof. Viktor Karády CEU eTD Collection Budapest, Hungary 2008 Statement of Copyright Copyright in the text of this thesis rests with the author. Copies by any process, either in full or part, may be made only in accordance with the instructions given by the Author and lodged in the Central European Library. Details may be obtained from the librarian. This page must form a part of any such copies made. Further copies made in accordance with such instructions may no be made without the written permission of the Author. CEU eTD Collection i Abstract The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the time of the Hungarian revolutions of 1918 and 1919 in regard to the German minority and thus show how this laid the basis for the future interaction between Hungarian German leadership and state. In this sense, I will answer the question to what extent the future radicalization in the 1930s on both sides – state and minority – were rooted in this time and which factors stood behind this development. Being bound to both Volk and Staat, it is also of interest regarding how the political awakening Swabians tried to achieve their goals, together with or against the government. My focus lies on the period between 1918 and 1924, i.e. from the time of the Hungarian revolutions till the Sopron plebiscite, the abolishment of the Ministry for Nationalities and the consolidation of the Bethlen regime, when the future directions on both sides, minority and state, seemed already clear. -
Repopulating Hungary with Germans
Karl-Peter Krauss. Deutsche Auswanderer in Ungarn: Ansiedlung in der Herrschaft Bóly im 18. Jahrhundert. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2003. 469 S. EUR 68.00, cloth, ISBN 978-3-515-08221-1. Reviewed by Samuel Goldberger Published on H-German (January, 2005) Following the advice of St. Stephen, frst the governments of Hungary, Romania, and Yu‐ Christian king of Hungary, to his son St. Imre to goslavia, the Donauschwaben numbered about 1.5 promote diversity to ensure the well-being of the million and constituted the largest German cultur‐ realm, various rulers of Hungary over the follow‐ al group in southeastern Europe. The migration of ing centuries invited non-Magyar groups to settle. the Swabians from Germany and the character of In times of perceived need, various waves of Ger‐ their settlement in Hungary is the subject of the man settlers were invited into Hungary from the present study by Karl-Peter Krauss, written origi‐ West, to develop agriculture and crafts, to estab‐ nally as a doctoral dissertation in the feld of his‐ lish mining operations, and to promote urbaniza‐ torical demography. tion. First, not surprisingly, they were settled in Within the principal areas of settlement of the agricultural areas along the western border. the Swabians, Krauss selected the area known as Subsequently, in the High and Later Middle Ages, the schwäbische Turkei, the area bounded by they were settled in the mountainous area of Lake Balaton on the north, the Danube River on Szepes County (Zips) in northern Hungary and in the east, and the Drava River on the south. -
The Danube Swabians
springer.com G.C. Paikert Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1967, 340 p. 2 illus. The Danube Swabians Printed book German Populations in Hungary, Rumania and Yugoslavia, and Hitler’s Softcover impact on their Patterns 86,99 € | £76.50 | $109.00 Series: Studies of Social Life [1]93,08 € (D) | 95,69 € (A) | CHF 103,00 Sedulo curavi humanas actiones non rid ere , non lugere, neque detestari, sed intelligere. eBook SPINOZA This monograph is an attempt to present some information on the fabric and 71,68 € | £60.99 | $84.99 patterns of an ethnic minority group whose destiny was totally deflected by Hitler and his war. [2]71,68 € (D) | 71,68 € (A) | CHF The people in question are the Danube Swabians, German populations who were so called 82,00 because of their habitat in the middle Danube region of east-central and south-eastern Europe. Available from your library or Research for this study was done in 1964 in Hungary, Yugoslavia, Austria and the Federal springer.com/shop Republic of Germany, in which countries the author contacted persons of competence and made use of archives and other sources. He also attended the annual con• vention of the MyCopy [3] Danube Swabians in July, 1964 in VIm, Germany. In fact, he himself had a small part in the Printed eBook for just events which he at• tempts to analyze here. From 1934 until 1944 he served in the Hungarian € | $ 24.99 Ministry of Education in Budapest and headed for some years the department for the schooling springer.com/mycopy of national minorities and also the department in charge of Hungary's cultural inter• change. -
Dobrujan Interculturality – German Versus Turkish Culture
ISSN 2411-9563 (Print) European Journal of Social Sciences September-December 2014 ISSN 2312-8429 (Online) Education and Research Volume 1, Issue 2 Dobrujan Interculturality – German versus Turkish Culture PhD University Assistant Edith-Hilde Kaiter “Mircea cel Bătrân” Naval Academy Constanța, Romania, [email protected] PhD Lecturer Olga Kaiter Ovidius University Constanța, Romania, [email protected] Abstract The first cultural influences come out in Dobruja together with the appearance of the first German colonists, beginning from 1840 till 1891. The colonization process develops itself in three stages and colonies in places like Tulcea, Malcoci, Almagea, Ciucurova, Cogealac, Tariverde, M. Kogălniceanu and others set up as a result. The German population has created an original culture, an ethnic and spiritual communication being deeply set up, but at the same time a communication struck by the specific conditions imposed by the history of this south-eastern European area. On the other side, the Turkish invasion of Dobruja started earlier, in 1388, when it was actually defeated by Mircea cel Bătrân. In 1393 the Turks succeeded in taking Dobruja and Silistra, but in 1404 Micea cel Bătrân re-conquered the greatest part of these regions. Many Turkish and Tartars moved into Dobruja during the long period of Ottoman rule. The 19th century ethnographic maps show a mainly Turkish population in the area of modern day Dobruja, Tartars and Turks in the southern part of Dobruja and Romanians dominating the north of Dobruja. The paper aims at presenting aspects regarding these two different identities and cultures which are to be found in Dobruja, as well as their integration process within the Romanian Dobrujan modern society.