9 Infrastructure
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9 Infrastructure 9. INFRASTRUCTURE 9.1 Infrastructure refers to the basic facilities and services needed for functioning of a society and economy. It mainly comprises of power supply, transport & communication systems. The development of infrastructure attracts investment, generates employment, contributes to government exchequer and accelerates economic growth. Creation of quality infrastructure ensuring environment protection forms a base for overall development. ENERGY 9.2 Energy is essential for the quality of life, powering industries, transport and various other amenities. Total dependence on an uninterrupted supply of energy for living and working has made it a key ingredient in all sectors of economy. Electricity 9.3 Energy is commonly used in the form of electricity. The State envisages generating and supplying power for all on a sustainable basis at competitive rates in a socially responsible manner with emphasis on non-conventional energy. Installed Capacity 9.4 The installed capacity of generating electricity in the State as on 31st March 2015 was highest in India followed by Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. However, in terms of installed capacity per lakh population, the State ranks 5th after Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh and Punjab. 9.5 The total installed capacity as on 31st March 2016 in the State was 32,332 MW comprising of public sector 36.1 per cent, private sector 57.1 per cent (of which 36.1 per cent non-renewable & 21.0 per cent renewable) and Public-Private Partnership (PPP) (Ratnagiri Gas Power Project Ltd.) 6.9 per cent. The installed capacity has increased by 3.3 per cent during 2015-16 and the Central sector allocation to the State has increased by six per cent than the previous year. The private sector contribution has almost doubled during the last five years. The sourcewise installed capacity is given in Table 9.1. Table 9.1 Sourcewise installed capacity (MW) st Per cent change in As on 31 March As on 31st Source 2015-16 over December 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014-15 In the State 29,556 31,291 32,332 34,416 3.3 Thermal 17,206 18,436 19,216 20,916 4.2 Renewable 6,172 6,717 6,978 7,362# 3.9 Hydro 3,066 3,066 3,066 3,066 0.0 Natural Gas 3,112 3,072 3,072 3,072 0.0 Central sector allocation 6,627 6,627 7,026 7,026 6.0 Source : MAHAGENCO, Tata Power, Reliance Infrastructure, MEDA, Water Resource Department, GoM, Central Electricity Authority # upto October 2016 Economic Survey of Maharashtra 2016-17 150 Electricity Generated 9.6 The electricity generated in the State was highest in India during 2014-15 and in terms of per capita generation, the State ranks 6th after Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat, Chhattisgarh, Punjab and Haryana. 9.7 Total electricity generated (including renewable sources) in the State was 1,13,787 Million Units (MUs) during 2015-16 which was 9.6 per cent higher than the previous year. The total electricity generated in the State during 2016-17 upto December was 82,441 MUs. 9.8 MAHAGENCO accounted for 41.9 per cent followed by Adani Power Ltd. with 17.6 per cent, renewable energy 7.6 per cent, JSW Energy 7.4 per cent, Tata Power 7.1 per cent, Rattan India Power 5.4 per cent, VIP Butibori, Emco Power 3.5 per cent each, Reliance Infrastructure 3.1 per cent and others 2.9 per cent of the total generation. 9.9 From the Central sector, the State has received 29,179 MUs electricity during 2015-16 and 22,436 MUs electricity during 2016-17 upto December. The sourcewise electricity generated is given in Table 9.2. Table 9.2 Sourcewise electricity generated (MUs) Per cent change Source 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17+* in 2015-16 over 2014-15 In the State 91,987 1,03,779 1,13,787 82,441 9.6 Thermal 71,686 84,882 94,482 63,972 11.3 Natural Gas 6,055 4,626 5,302 7,122 14.6 Hydro 6,763 5,856 5,045 4,196 (-)13.9 Renewable$ 7,483 8,415 8,958 7,151 6.5 Received from central sector 31,525 30,401 29,179 22,436 (-)4.0 Note : 1 Unit = 1 Kilo Watt Hour $ including captive + upto December * Provisional Source: MAHAGENCO, Tata Power, Reliance Infrastructure, MAHADISCOM, Central Electricity Authority Electricity Purchased 9.10 The electricity purchased by MAHADISCOM and BEST is given in Table 9.3. Table 9.3 Agencywise electricity purchased MAHADISCOM BEST Year Electricity Total Cost Per Unit Cost Electricity Total Cost Per Unit Cost Purchased (MUs) ( ` crore) (Average) (`) Purchased (MUs) ( ` crore) (Average) (`) 2014-15 1,12,577 49,089 4.36 4,728 2,718 5.75 2015-16 1,16,325 47,696 4.10 4,860 2,700 5.56 2016-17+ 82,656 34,049 4.12 3,622 1,695 4.68 Source: MAHADISCOM, BEST + upto December Economic Survey of Maharashtra 2016-17 151 Electricity Consumed 9.11 Aggregate consumption of electricity through MAHADISCOM, Tata Power, Reliance Infrastructure, BEST in the State during 2015-16 was 1,16,743 MUs, higher by 3.4 per cent over the previous year and 82,145 MUs during 2016-17 upto December which showed increase of 4.8 per cent than that for the corresponding period of 2015-16. The consumption of electricity by the industrial sector was largest (34.5 per cent), followed by agriculture (24.2 per cent) and domestic sector (23.1 per cent) in the State. These three sectors together accounted for 81.8 per cent of the total electricity consumption. Sector wise electricity consumed is given in Table 9.4. Table 9.4 Sectorwise electricity consumed (MUs) April-March April-December* Sector Per cent change 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2015-16 2016-17 in 2016-17 over 2015-16 Industrial 38,949 41,522 40,231 25,526 31,046 21.6 Agriculture 21,725 26,407 28,236 14,951 14,921 (-)0.2 Domestic 23,679 25,428 27,001 21,374 21,235 (-)0.7 Commercial 12,469 12,504 13,182 9,956 9,984 0.3 Public Services@ 3,634 4,183 4,287 3,351 3,232 (-)3.6 Railways 2,389 2,443 1,795 1,680 77 (-)95.4 Other 144 368 2,011 1,545 1,650 6.8 Total 1,02,989 1,12,855 1,16,743 78,383 82,145 4.8 @ Public Lighting & Public Water Works * Provisional Source : MAHADISCOM, Tata Power, Reliance Infrastructure, BEST 9.12 Major sectorwise per capita ultimate Table 9.5 Per capita ultimate consumption consumption of electricity in India (2014-15) and of electricity Maharashtra (2014-15 & 2015-16) is given in (Units) Table 9.5. Electrical energy sales to ultimate India Maharashtra consumers or ultimate electricity consumption Sector under all categories during 2014-15, the State 2014-15 2014-15 2015-16 ranks 1st in the country. All Sectors 652.5 962.6 984.0 9.13 The electricity consumption of Konkan Industrial 227.6 354.1 339.1 region (36.2 per cent) is highest followed by Pune Agriculture 135.4 225.2 238.0 (25.6 per cent), Aurangabad (16.3 per cent), Domestic 174.2 216.9 227.6 Nashik (8.9 per cent), Nagpur (7.7 per cent) and Amaravati (5.3 per cent). Regionwise consumption Commercial 62.8 106.6 111.1 of electricity is given in Table 9.6. Source: Central Electricity Authority, MAHADISCOM, Reliance Infrastructure, Tata Power, BEST Economic Survey of Maharashtra 2016-17 152 Table 9.6 Regionwise consumption of electricity (MUs) Sector Region Year Total Residential Commercial Industrial Agriculture Others@ Konkan 2014-15 13,189 8,548 17,516 129 2,881 42,263 2015-16 13,975 8,894 16,389 140 2,869 42,267 Nashik 2014-15 1,147 393 3,200 4,839 480 10,059 2015-16 1,200 407 3,088 5,079 634 10,408 Pune 2014-15 4,670 2,185 11,811 7,877 1,002 27,545 2015-16 5,066 2,486 11,861 8,826 1,690 29,929 Aurangabad 2014-15 2,501 540 4,710 9,749 1,137 18,637 2015-16 2,637 556 4,731 9,747 1,339 19,010 Amravati 2014-15 1,434 222 723 2,771 590 5,740 2015-16 1,482 230 687 3,200 590 6,189 Nagpur 2014-15 2,487 616 3,562 1,042 904 8,611 2015-16 2,641 609 3,475 1,244 971 8,940 Total 2014-15 25,428 12,504 41,522 26,407 6,994 1,12,855 2015-16 27,001 13,182 40,231 28,236 8,093 1,16,743 @ includes Public Water Works, Public Lighting, Railways & Others Source: MAHADISCOM, TATA Power, BEST, Reliance Infrastructure 9.14 The time series data regarding installed capacity, electricity generated, sectorwise electricity consumed and per capita ultimate consumption of electricity is given in Annexure 9.1. Demand and Supply of Electricity 9.15 The capacity addition by various Table 9.7 Supply & shortfall of electricity sources, improvement in the network at average peak demand infrastructure, reduction of Transmission & (MW) Distribution (T & D) losses and energy Year Average Supply Shortfall conservation measures have improved supply peak demand position. During 2015-16, the average peak 2012-13 14,032 13,309 723 demand of MAHADISCOM was 15,948 MW 2013-14 14,406 13,830 576 with load shedding of 98 MW.