Changing Global Climate
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Climate Emergency
CLIMATE EMERGENCY THE FACTS WHAT IS CLIMATE CHANGE? IS IT REALLY AN EMERGENCY? Climate change refers to changes in the planet's average In 2015, 195 countries came together to discuss increased temperature, and the resulting shifts in weather patterns. ambition on tackling climate change, which resulted in the We’ve known about this for a long time: in 1856, physicist Paris Agreement. This was a ground-breaking commitment to Eunice Foote first discovered how adding more carbon dioxide stop the global average temperature from increasing by more into the atmosphere increases temperatures. than 2°C, and do all they could to limit it to 1.5°C. But despite this, temperatures have already climbed by about 1.1°C 4 Christian and atmospheric scientist Professor Katharine and, even with temporary reductions during the coronavirus Hayhoe explains: lockdown, global carbon emissions continue to rise. This is a climate emergency. To limit warming to 1.5°C, we need to reduce all our carbon ‘The heat-trapping gases we emissions to zero as fast as possible – all the heat-trapping produce whenever we burn coal gases that come from transport, aviation, power, industry or gas or oil – as well as from and food production – and we need to phase out the use of deforestation, land use change fossil fuels. In fact, carbon emissions need to reduce at an and agriculture – are wrapping an unprecedented pace, starting now, between 8 and 15 per cent extra blanket around our planet. every year.5 This blanket is trapping heat inside the climate system that would otherwise escape to space. -
Polar-ICE) V Volume 34 • No
Volume 34 • Number 1 • Winter 2020 v Special Issue Featuring Polar Interdisciplinary Coordinated Education (Polar-ICE) v Volume 34 • No. 1 • Winter 2020 Key Concepts in Polar Science: Coming to Consensus on the Essential Polar Literacy Principles BY JANICE MCDONNELL, LIESL HOTALING, OSCAR SCHOFIELD, AND JOSH KOHUT ABSTRACT REFERENCES Key concepts in Polar Science emerged as a result of working Augustine et al., 2012 with both scientists and educators. The goal was to develop a consensus document that would address what the public N R C , 2011 should know and understand about the Polar Regions. The key concepts were created to enable scientists to construct Ocean Literacy (http://oceanliteracy.wp2.coexploration.org/) more effective Broader Impacts projects to engage people in learning about Polar Regions and for educators to integrate Atmospheric Science Literacy (https://scied.ucar.edu/ information about the Polar Regions into their STEM teaching. atmospheric-science-literacy-framework and Climate Literacy) Climate Literacy (https://www.climate.gov/ teaching/essential-principles-climate-literacy/ essential-principles-climate-literacy) The Polar Literacy Principles (https://polar-ice.org/ polar-literacy-initiative/) 2 Volume 34 • No. 1 • Winter 2020 Polar Fun and Games BY MARGIE TURRIN, STEPHANIE PFIRMAN, AND LAWRENCE HAMILTON ABSTRACT Hamilton, L.C., J. Wirsing, J. Brunacini, and S. Pfirman. (2017). Reaching students and the general public with the Polar Arctic Knowledge of the US Public. Witness the Arctic. Literacy Principles will require both formal and informal https://www.arcus.org/witness-the-arctic/2017/5/ education approaches. The Polar Learning and Responding: highlight/2 Climate Change Education Partnership developed a suite of fun and interactive resources addressing many of the Hamilton, L.C., E. -
Red Lines & Hockey Sticks
Red Lines & Hockey Sticks A discourse analysis of the IPCC’s visual culture and climate science (mis)communication Thomas Henderson Dawson Department of ALM Theses within Digital Humanities Master’s thesis (two years), 30 credits, 2021, no. 5 Author Thomas Henderson Dawson Title Red Lines & Hockey Sticks: A discourse analysis of the IPCC’s visual culture and climate science (mis)communication. Supervisor Matts Lindström Abstract Within the climate science research community there exists an overwhelming consensus on the question of climate change. The scientific literature supports the broad conclusion that the Earth’s climate is changing, that this change is driven by human factors (anthropogenic), and that the environmental consequences could be severe. While a strong consensus exists in the climate science community, this is not reflected in the wider public or among poli- cymakers, where sceptical attitudes towards anthropogenic climate change is much more prevalent. This discrep- ancy in the perception of the urgency of the problem of climate change is an alarming trend and likely a result of a failure of science communication, which is the topic of this thesis. This paper analyses the visual culture of climate change, with specific focus on the data visualisations com- prised within the IPCC assessment reports. The visual aspects of the reports were chosen because of the prioriti- sation images often receive within scientific communication and for their quality as immutable mobiles that can transition between different media more easily than text. The IPCC is the central institutional authority in the climate science visual discourse, and its assessment reports, therefore, are the site of this discourse analysis. -
Co-Visualization of Air Temperature and Urban Data for Visual Exploration
Co-Visualization of Air Temperature and Urban Data for Visual Exploration Jacques Gautier* Mathieu Bredif´ † Sidonie Christophe‡ LASTIG, Univ Gustave Eiffel, ENSG, IGN, F-94160 Saint-Mande, France ABSTRACT or separately horizontal and vertical spatial distributions of air tem- Urban climate data remain complex to analyze regarding their spatial perature data: horizontally, at the building block level, which is at distribution. The co-visualization of simulated air temperature into the time the finest possible spatial resolution for atmospheric simu- urban models could help experts to analyze horizontal and verti- lation models (air temperature data is now typically simulated with cal spatial distributions. We design a co-visualization framework 500m - 2km resolutions); vertically to observe vertical profiles into enabling simulated air temperature data exploration, based on the and above the city. Co-visualizing climate and urban morphological graphic representation of three types of geometric proxies, and their data, at the building block level, is less explored, because it requires co-visualization with a 3D urban model with various possible ren- precise urban representation data and models. dering styles. Through this framework, we aim at allowing meteoro- We present an integrated framework for co-visualizing urban sim- logical researchers to visually analyze and interpret the relationships ulated air temperature and urban morphology, at a building block between simulated air temperature data and urban morphology. level, which remains complex because of the following data charac- teristics and their possible visual integration into a 3D scene: Index Terms: Human-centered computing—Visualization— Geographic visualization;——Visualization design and evaluation • 3D Urban model. A topographic model of metric resolution methods; Visualization techniques— enables the visualization of buildings, blocks, shapes, heights, structures, empty area, urban canyon depth and direction. -
Powering Places (2016) Elizabeth Monoian and Robert Ferry LAGI Founding Co-Directors
land art generator initiative RENEWABLE ENERGY CAN BE BEAUTIFUL Powering Places (2016) Elizabeth Monoian and Robert Ferry LAGI Founding Co-Directors We may look back on the year 2016 as a turning point for the climate and our cultural and social responses to it. The effects of a very strong El Niño event gave us a glimpse into the new normal for twenty-first-century temperatures. Atmospheric scientist Ed Hawkins gave us the Climate Spiral visualization that shows the earth’s average temperature spinning quickly out of control toward a 2°C average global shift,1 highlighting how the COP 21 1 E. Hawkins, IPCC AR5 Contributing Author (National Centre for Atmospheric Science, Paris aspirations of maintaining a 1.5-degree cap may be overly optimistic. University of Reading, May 9, 2016), http://www.climate-lab-book.ac.uk/2016/spiralling- Attorneys General in twenty states launched climate fraud investigations against global-temperatures. Exxon, accused of acting intentionally to confuse the public on the issue of climate 2 Neela Banerjee, John H. Cushman Jr., change, after the Center for International Environmental Law and InsideClimate David Hasemyer, and Lisa Song, “CO2’s Role in Global Warming Has Been on the News uncovered internal Exxon documents proving that the company has Oil Industry’s Radar Since the 1960s,” 2 InsideClimate News, April 13, 2016. See understood the science of atmospheric CO2 levels since the 1960s, pointing then also online at https://insideclimatenews.org/ to the year 2000 as the point when catastrophic changes would begin to set in. The news/13042016/climate-change-global-warming- oil-industry-radar-1960s-exxon-api-co2-fossil-fuels. -
Version 1St June 2021 FUTURE FOCUS
Version 1st June 2021 Day 1 – Thursday 17 June 2021 Moderated by Helga VAN LEUR, Ambassador Climate, Sustainability and Behaviour, Meteorologist since 1994 and broadcast meteorologist for 20 years at RTL The Netherlands OFFICIAL OPENING 09:15 Opening video – Welcome to EUMETSAT 09:20 Official opening by EUMETSAT Director-General Phil EVANS and Jean JOUZEL, President of Meteo et Climat 09:45 Break FUTURE FOCUS – WEATHER+ PART 1 EUMETSAT is shaping the future of weather forecasting. EUMETSAT’s next generation of satellites will deliver data faster and with a higher resolution, thus empowering weather forecasters and climate scientists with unprecedented tools and information. 09:50 EUMETSAT contribution to regional weather forecasting and nowcasting, Elín BJÖRK JONASDOTTIR, Meteorologist, Icelandic Meteorological Office 10:05 Satellite observations and global weather forecasting, Tony McNALLY, Principal Scientist ECMWF 10:20 More than weather…climate monitoring, oceans, flood forecasting, fires, air quality (Copernicus), dust, ash, Paolo RUTI, Chief Scientist, EUMETSAT 10:35 Meet the satellites – MTG and EPS-SG, 3D animations, Mark HIGGINS, Training Manager, EUMETSAT 10:50 Future generations of weather satellites – capabilities & impact on forecasting and nowcasting, Stephan BOJINSKI, MTG Applications and User Support Expert, EUMETSAT 11:05 Break FUTURE FOCUS – WEATHER+ PART 1 11:35 Discover EUMETView, an Online Map Service that provides data visualisation through a customisable web user interface, Mark HIGGINS, Training Manager, EUMETSAT 11:50 Virtual Tour of Geostationary Mission Control Room, Gareth WILLIAMS, Head of the Flight Operations Division, EUMETSAT 12:05-13:30 Lunch break FOCUS ON AFRICA EUMETSAT delivers data in near-real time to the African National Weather Services, thus supporting their positive impact on the African sustainable development. -
Human Activities Fossil Fuels CO Emissions
Human activities EN-GB Adults 21/10/2020 – V7.3 – The Climate Collage - EN-GB - Adults 1 Fossil Fuels CO2 Emissions Target: zero CO2 in 2070 9 GtC/yr Fossil fuels 5 Source: IPCC 7 Deforestation 5 www.climatecollage.org 7 www.climatecollage.org Fossil fuels are coal, oil, and natural CO2 (or carbon dioxide) is the first gas. They are used mainly in anthropogenic (ie linked to human buildings, transportation, and activity) greenhouse gas in terms of emissions. These emissions come industry. They emit CO2 when burned. from our use of fossil fuels and deforestation. Set 1 Set 1 How to play 1 www.climatecollage.org You need one deck of cards per team (6 to 8 ppl), a paper roll or a 1 x 2 m paper 21/10/2020 tablecloth, pencils, rubbers, colour felt tip pens and some tape. – The aim is for each team to place the cards in order on the table, find all the V7.3 cause and effect relationships and draw arrows between the cards to illustrate – what climate change is about. Deal the cards set by set and wait until all cards are down on the table before dealing the next set. This is where it all begins… Time indications: ~ one hour to place the cards ~ one hour to decorate the collage ~ one hour to sit down together and discuss what we have learned. Reasoning Creativity Review Debrief The Climate Collage - EN-GB - Adults Set 1 Additional Greenhouse Effect Temperature Rise Infrared radiation Insolation 15°C Greenhouse Source: IPCC Source: effect Reflection + 5°C + 1°C -18°C + 2°C 13 °C 21 Melting of Sea Ice Sea Level Rise 80 cm Source: IPCCSource: 40 cm 18 22 Photo : NASA 18 www.climatecollage.org 22 www.climatecollage.org Sea ice melting does not make the sea Since 1900, sea level has risen by level rise (just as a melting ice cube does 20 cm. -
Spice Climate Change Subject Profile
SPICe Briefing Pàipear-ullachaidh SPICe Climate Change - Subject Profile Alasdair Reid & Damon Davies This briefing provides an overview of the main climate change issues; highlights the latest climate science, outlines global and UK frameworks for addressing climate change and focuses on the main legislative and policy provisions in Scotland. The briefing also sets out how emissions in Scotland have reduced to date, explores what a green recovery from Covid-19 might look like, and summarises recent climate change scrutiny in the Scottish Parliament. More detailed briefings on relevant topics will be produced throughout Session Six of the Scottish Parliament. 24 June 2021 SB 21-37 Climate Change - Subject Profile, SB 21-37 Contents Executive Summary _____________________________________________________3 Introduction - the time is now _____________________________________________6 Global Science and Policy ________________________________________________8 Effects of Climate Change ________________________________________________8 Global Response ______________________________________________________10 Paris Agreement_____________________________________________________10 Warming to 1.5°C ____________________________________________________ 11 Room for Optimism, not Complacency____________________________________12 COP 26____________________________________________________________14 Brexit - post EU _____________________________________________________15 United Kingdom _______________________________________________________15 Scotland_____________________________________________________________16 -
Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales
Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 2017 Volume 150 Part 2 Numbers 465 & 466 “... for the encouragement of studies and investigations in Science Art Literature and Philosophy ...” THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES OFFICE BEARERS FOR 2017 Patron His Excellency General The Honourable David Hurley AC DSC (Ret’d) Governor of New South Wales President Em. Prof. David Brynn Hibbert BSc PhD CChem FRSC FRACI FRSN Vice Presidents Dr Donald Hector AM BE(Chem) PhD FIChemE FIEAust FAICD FRSN Prof. Ian Sloan AO PhD FAA FRSN Ms Judith Wheeldon AM BS (Wis) MEd (Syd) FACE FRSN Hon. Secretary (Ed.) Em. Prof. Robert Marks MEngSci ResCert PhD (Stan) FRSN Hon. Secretary (Gen.) Dr Herma Büttner Dr.rer.nat FRSN Hon. Treasurer Mr Richard Wilmott Hon. Librarian Dr Ragbir Bhathal PhD FSAAS Hon. Web Master A/Prof. Chris Bertram PhD FRSN Councillors Dr Erik W. Aslaksen MSc (ETH) PhD FRSN Dr Mohammad Choucair PhD Em. Prof. Robert Clancy PhD FRACP FRSN Dr Desmond Griffin AM PhD FRSN Mr John Hardie BSc (Syd) FGS MACE FRSN Em. Prof. Stephen Hill AM PhD FTSE FRSN Em. Prof. Heinrich Hora DipPhys Dr.rer.nat DSc FAIP FInstP CPhys FRSN Prof. E James Kehoe PhD FRSN Prof. Bruce Milthorpe PhD FRSN Hon. Prof. Ian Wilkinson PhD FRSN Southern Highlands Ms Anne Wood FRSN Branch Representative Executive Office The Association Specialists EDITORIAL BOARD Em. Prof. Robert Marks BE MEngSci ResCert MS PhD (Stan) FRSN – Hon. Editor Prof. Richard Banati MD PhD FRSN Prof. Michael Burton BA MA MMaths (Cantab) PhD (Edinb) FASA FAIP FRSN Dr Donald Hector AM BE(Chem) PhD (Syd) FIChemE FIEAust FAICD PRSN Em. -
Guideline for Online IPCC Interactive Atlas
Guideline for Online IPCC Interactive Atlas Information about the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) Interactive Atlas Content The guideline for the online IPCC Interactive Atlas consists of a Part 1 and 2. The Sixth IPCC Assessment Report (AR6) Working Group 1 (WG1) introduces a new product – The Interactive Atlas. The Interactive Atlas takes advantage of interactive web applications to allow flexible exploration of key climate variables and products underpinning the IPCC assessments. The purpose of this guideline is to demonstrate and familiarize users with the Interactive Atlas and its functionalities. Part 1 is a brief introduction of the interface, datasets and variables that are included in the Interactive Atlas. Part 2 provides examples from the Atlas through figures and screenshots that represent the many options for customising data and data visualisation for different users. A detailed description of the Interactive Atlas can be found here: www.ipcc.ch. The Interactive Atlas can be consulted online at: https://interactive-atlas.ipcc.ch 1 PART 1: from page 3-16 PART 2: from page 17-28 1. Introduction 1. Introduction 2. Interactive Atlas 2. Examples 3. Regional Information Example 1: Global and Regional Temperatures 3.1 Spatial and temporal analysis Example 2: Temperatures CMIP6 and CMIP5 Example 3: Stereographic plot of CORDEX data 3.2 Functionalities, datasets, and Example 4: Sea Surface Temperature change variables Example 5: Global and Regional Precipitation 3.3 Reproducibility Example 6: Seasonal and extreme Precipitation Example 7: Spatial and Temporal Snowfall 4. Regional Synthesis Example 8: Regional Sea Ice Concentration 4.1 Climate Impact Drivers Example 9: Regional Sea Level Change 5. -
The Climate Spiral Demonstrates the Power of Sharing Creative Ideas
The Climate Spiral Demonstrates the Power of Sharing Creative Ideas ED HAWKINS, TARAN FÆHN, AND JAN FUGLESTVEDT ffectively communicating climate change is an enormous challenge, especially as there is a need Eto reach broad audiences across the planet. On 10 May 2016, an animated spiral graphic showing the familiar rise of global temperatures in an unfamiliar way (Fig. 1; Fig. ES1 in the online supplement: https:// doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0228.2) was published on Twitter and subsequently “went viral.” The origi- nal tweet (Hawkins 2016a) has been viewed more than 3.7 million times, but the reach is substantially larger when considering other media channels. For example, the animation was viewed several million times on various Facebook pages and through many online stories (e.g., Mooney 2016; Plumer 2016). Prominent people known to have used or shared the graphic include Elon Musk, Bernie Sanders, the artist Banksy, and senior policymakers in the United Kingdom and Australia. It was even shortlisted for a design award (Kantar Information is Beautiful Awards 2016) and translated into several different languages by the FIG. 1. The final frame of the animated climate U.S. Department of State (Buchanan 2016) for their spiral, updated to the end of 2018. The animated online web pages. version is available as Fig. ES1. Regularly updated The most high-profile appearance of the vi- versions are available from www.climate-lab-book sualization was during the opening ceremony of .ac.uk/spirals/. the 2016 Rio Olympics, which included a section AFFILIATIONS: HAWKINS—National Centre for Atmospheric about climate change—probably the most watched Science, and Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, broadcast about the climate ever. -
Knitter's Handbook
KNITTER'S HANDBOOK COMMONGRACE.ORG.AU KNIT FOR CLIMATE ACTION KNITTER'S HANDBOOK KNIT FOR CLIMATE ACTION KNITTER'S HANDBOOK About the Project Welcome to the Common Grace Knit for Climate Action project! You are one of many knitters from across Australia committing to knit a scarf that represents the truth of climate change. These climate scarves will be gifted to politicians and church leaders to show that Christians are deeply concerned about God's creation, as well as highlighting the need for a bold and credible national plan to tackle the climate crisis. The scarf represents the average global temperature across 101 years, based on Professor Ed Hawkins’ #ShowYourStripes graph. Our project was inspired by the Cambridge Federation of Women’s Institute’s 100 Years Climate Scarf and uses Dr Mick Pope’s temperature data from 1919 to 2019. Each temperature is assigned a different colour and then a stripe is knitted to correspond to each year. KNIT FOR CLIMATE ACTION KNITTER'S HANDBOOK INTRODUCTION AN INVITATION FROM BROOKE PRENTIS TO KNIT FOR CLIMATE ACTION SEPTEMBER 2020 It’s getting hotter. It was only a few months ago that every state and territory in Australia was burning. Many remember the heat, and smoke, from the 2019-2020 bushfire season. It’s hard to believe, as we come out of 2020's cold winter, that the next bushfire season has already started, with a bushfire reported on the 19th of August, 2020. I know that in the centre of these lands now called Australia, ceremonies that have taken place for thousands of years are under threat because it is too hot to perform them.