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Are the Northland Rivers of New Zealand in Synchrony with Global Holocene Climate Change?
Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. Are the Northland rivers of New Zealand in synchrony with global Holocene climate change? A thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Geography at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand Jane Richardson 2013 Abstract Climate during the Holocene has not been stable, and with predictions of human induced climate change it has become increasingly important to understand the underlying ‘natural’ dynamics of the global climate system. Fluvial systems are sensitive respondents to and recorders of environmental change (including climate). This research integrates meta-data analysis of a New Zealand fluvial radiocarbon (14C) database with targeted research in catchments across the Northland region to determine the influence of Holocene climate change on river behaviour in New Zealand, and to assess whether or not Northland rivers are in synchrony with global climate change. The research incorporates 14C dating and meta-analysis techniques, sedimentology, geophysics, ground survey (RTK-dGPS) and Geographic Information Systems analysis to investigate the response of New Zealand and Northland rivers to Holocene climate and anthropogenic change. The emerging pattern of Holocene river behaviour in New Zealand is one of increased river activity in southern regions (South Island) in response to enhanced westerly atmospheric circulation (promoted by negative Southern Annular Mode [SAM]-like circulation), while in northern regions (North Island) river activity is enhanced by meridional atmospheric circulation (promoted by La Niña-like and positive SAM-like circulation). -
Schedule of Cruising Boat Destinations in Northland –Version 2 With
Schedule of cruising boat destinations In Northland –Version 2 with council amendments © Prepared by Richard Brown on behalf of Auckland Yacht and Boating Association – September 2014 Amendments by Michael Payne –Policy Analyst, Ross Waters – Maritime Officer and Peter Thomas - Marine Officer Auckland Yacht and Boating Association would like to acknowledge the following sources of information Royal Akarana Yacht Club Coastal Cruising handbook Hauraki Gulf Boaties Atlas Lynn and Graeme Brown (Adamite) Pickmere Atlas of Northland’s East Coast Google Earth Doug Smeale Derry Godbert Port Opua – A Cruisers guide Notes for database of Northlands East Coast Bays Because of the very high number of bays on this coastline we have included only those which are potential anchorages. Consequently there are relatively few graded 1. Many bays are exposed to the Ocean and are thus generally unsuitable as overnight anchorages. They may however still be popular daytime anchorages with boats returning to more sheltered waters over night. Several bays have more than one name. Where we have identified them the extra names have been included but there are probably several bays whose alternative names have not been included. Every bay has been given a grading 1-3. These classifications are as follows-: 1 = Infrequently used as an anchorage either because of poor shelter, overcrowding moorings or better anchorages nearby. 2 = Popular anchorage – this could vary from a few boats in a small bay to many boats in a larger one. 3 = Strategic anchorage in that it is heavily relied on during bad weather – usually also popular in times of lighter winds of appropriate direction 3*= Strategic anchorage in that it is heavily relied on during bad weather but particularly popular as an anchorage. -
Part 2 | North Kaipara 2.0 | North Kaipara - Overview
Part 2 | North Kaipara 2.0 | North Kaipara - Overview | Mana Whenua by the accumulation of rainwater in depressions of sand. Underlying There are eight marae within the ironstone prevents the water from North Kaipara community area (refer leaking away. These are sensitive to the Cultural Landscapes map on environments where any pollution page 33 for location) that flows into them stays there. Pananawe Marae A significant ancient waka landing Te Roroa site is known to be located at Koutu. Matatina Marae Te Roroa To the east of the district, where Waikara Marae the Wairoa River runs nearby to Te Roroa Tangiteroria, is the ancient portage Waikaraka Marae route of Mangapai that connected Te Roroa the Kaipara with the lower reaches Tama Te Ua Ua Marae of the Whangārei Harbour. This Te Runanga o Ngāti Whātua portage extended from the Northern Ahikiwi Marae Wairoa River to Whangārei Harbour. Te Runanga o Ngāti Whātua From Tangiteroria, the track reached Taita Marae Maungakaramea and then to the Te Runanga o Ngāti Whātua canoe landing at the head of the Tirarau Marae Mangapai River. Samuel Marsden Ngāuhi; Te Runanga o Ngāti Whātua (1765-1838), who travelled over this route in 1820, mentions in his journal There are a number of maunga that Hongi Hika conveyed war and distinctive cultural landscapes canoes over the portage (see Elder, significant to Mana Whenua and the 1932). wider community within the North Kaipara areas. These include Maunga Mahi tahi (collaboration) of Te Ruapua, Hikurangi, and Tuamoe. opportunities for mana whenua, Waipoua, and the adjoining forests wider community and the council of Mataraua and Waima, make up to work together for the good of the largest remaining tract of native the northern Kaipara area are vast forests in Northland. -
Regional Coastal Plan 429
Schedules SCHEDULES: 1. Existing Structures Permitted Activities 2. Existing Structures Controlled Activities 3. Existing Structures Discretionary Activities 4. Existing Structures Removal 5. Existing Moorings Controlled Activities 6. Existing Moorings Discretionary Activities Regional Coastal Plan 429 Schedules Regional Coastal Plan 430 Schedule 1: Existing Structures (Permitted) SCHEDULE 1: EXISTING STRUCTURES (PERMITTED) REFERENCE STRUCTURE TYPE LOCATION NUMBER MANGAWHAI HARBOUR +Steps Mangawhai J001 Steps Mangawhai J002 Ramp Mangawhai estuary R1024 WAIPU RIVER ESTUARY Boat ramp Waipu River R010 Ramp Waipu Cove R1019 RUAKAKA RIVER ESTUARY Viewing platform Ruakaka Domain J204 WHANGAREI HARBOUR Retaining wall Upper Hatea River RW255 Retaining wall Hatea River RW253 Retaining wall Hatea River RW259 Cycleway, footbridge Riverside Drive B269, B270, B271 Boat ramp Marsden Bay R158 Boat ramp Marsden Bay R161 Boat ramp Marsden Bay R1018 Retaining wall Marsden Bay RW1007 Boat ramp One Tree Point R156 Steps One Tree Point S157 Retaining wall One Tree Point RW1003a Boat ramp One Tree Point R1017 Wharf Limestone Island J198 Road bridge Limeburners Creek B266 Power/water/telephone pipes Limeburners Creek C268 Walkway Limeburners Creek BK306 Boat ramp Waiarohia R076 Boat ramp Waikaraka Beach R190 Retaining wall Waikaraka RW1000 Ramp Waikaraka R1002 Ramp Waikaraka R1004 Slipway Jackson's Bay S171 Boat ramp Jackson's Bay R172 Wharf Parua Bay J135 Retaining wall Parua Bay RW1001 Ramp Parua Bay R1007 Ramp Parua Bay R1008 Slipway Darch Point S184 Boat -
2021 Whangarei Visitor Guide
2021 VISITOR GUIDE CENTRAL WHANGĀREI TOWN BASIN TUTUKĀKĀ COAST WHANGĀREI HEADS BREAM BAY WhangareiNZ.com Whangārei Visitor Guide Cape Reinga CONTENTS EXPLOREEXPLORE 3 District Highlights 4 Culture WHANGĀREI DISTRICT 6 Cultural Attractions NINETY MILE 7 Kids Stuff BEACH 1f Take the scenic route 8 Walks Follow the Twin Coast Discovery 13 Markets signs and discover the best of 14 Beaches both the East and West Coasts. 16 Art 18 Town Basin Sculpture Trail New Zealand 20 Waterfalls Kaitaia 22 Gardens Bay of 10 Islands 23 Cycling Kerikeri 24 Events 1 36 Street Prints Manaia Art Trail H OK H IA AR NG CENTRAL BO A Climate UR Kaikohe Poor Knights 12 Islands WHANGĀREI Whangārei district is part of 1 Northland, New Zealand’s warmest CENTRAL 26 Central Whangārei Map WHANGĀREI Waipoua WHANGĀREI and only subtropical region, with 12 30 Whangārei City Centre Map Kauri TUTUKĀKĀ an average of 2000 sunshine hours Forest COAST 31 See & Do every year. The hottest months are 28 Listings January and February and winters are mild WHANGĀREI WHANGĀREI 34 Eat & Drink – there’s no snow here! 14 HEADS Average temperatures Dargaville BREAM BAY BREAM Hen & Chicken Spring: (Sep-Nov) 17°C high, 10°C low BAY Islands 12 Waipū 40 Bream Bay Map Summer: (Dec-Feb) 24°C high, 14°C low 1 42 See & Do Autumn: (Mar-May) 21°C high, 11°C low 12 Winter: (Jun-Aug) 16°C high, 07°C low 42 Listings 1 Travel distances to Whangārei WHANGĀREI HEADS • 160km north of Auckland – 2 hours drive or 30 minute flight 46 Whangārei Heads Map • 68km south of the Bay of Islands – 1 hour drive 47 See & Do UR K RBO Auckland • 265km south of Cape Reinga – 4 hours drive AIPARA HA 49 Listings TUTUKĀKĀ COAST This official visitor guide to the Whangārei district is owned by Whangarei 50 Tutukākā Coast Map District Council and produced in partnership with Big Fish Creative. -
Northland CMS Volume I
CMS CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGY N orthland 2014–2024, Volume I Operative 29 September 2014 CONSERVATION106B MANAGEMENT STRATEGY NORTHLAND107B 2014–2024, Volume I Operative108B 29 September 2014 Cover109B image: Waikahoa Bay campsite, Mimiwhangata Scenic Reserve. Photo: DOC September10B 2014, New Zealand Department of Conservation ISBN10B 978-0-478-15017-9 (print) ISBN102B 978-0-478-15019-3 (online) This103B document is protected by copyright owned by the Department of Conservation on behalf of the Crown. Unless indicated otherwise for specific items or collections of content, this copyright material is licensed for re- use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand licence. In essence, you are free to copy, distribute and adapt the material, as long as you attribute it to the Department of Conservation and abide by the other licence terms. To104B view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/nz/U U This105B publication is produced using paper sourced from well-managed, renewable and legally logged forests. Contents802B 152B Foreword803 7 Introduction804B 8 Purpose809B of conservation management strategies 8 CMS810B structure 9 CMS81B term 10 Relationship812B with other Department of Conservation strategic documents and tools 10 Relationship813B with other planning processes 11 Legislative814B tools 11 Exemption89B from land use consents 11 Closure890B of areas and access restrictions 11 Bylaws891B and regulations 12 Conservation892B management plans 12 International815B obligations 12 Part805B -
Through Changing Scenes by K. Abercrombie Wesley Historical
Through Changing Scenes by K. Abercrombie Rawene Church 1956 Wesley Historical Society (NZ) Publication #15 (1) 1956 Page 1 Through Changing Scenes by K. Abercrombie Introduction This compilation of the Rawene Methodist Church's first eighty years may differ from other such histories. Believing that history can be a pleasure I have minimised the use of "dates" which often tend to bore the reader. Rather I have stressed the triumphs and setbacks of the people-who after all, are the Church. It will be seen that the story often concerns the whole circuit. This has been done because while gathering information about Rawene, much concerned the circuit as a whole. Rather than let it pass into oblivion I have included it in this account. Much of the information in this booklet came not from manuscripts, but from people, and I wish to thank the following who provided much valuable information: The Revs. H. A. Cochrane, D. G. Sherson, B.A., R. Grice, C. B. Oldfield, A. W. McKay, J. W. Parker, and H. Bateup (former ministers of the Hokianga circuit), the Revs. G. I. Laurenson, E. W. Hames, M.A., and H. L. Fiebig, B.A. (Connexional Secretary), Miss N. E. Bawden, Messrs. Geo. Pearson, T. G. M. Spooner, M.A., K. Langton (photographs), G. F. G. Millar and T. P. Lane. This book has been made possible by the members of the Rawene Methodist Church Trust (Rev. H. D. Besant, B.A., Miss N. E. Bawden, Messrs. D. E. Fletcher, F. 0. J. Langton and Geo. Pearson). I extend my sincere thanks to Miss C. -
Natural Areas of Aupouri Ecological District
5. Summary and conclusions The Protected Natural Areas network in the Aupouri Ecological District is summarised in Table 1. Including the area of the three harbours, approximately 26.5% of the natural areas of the Aupouri Ecological District are formally protected, which is equivalent to about 9% of the total area of the Ecological District. Excluding the three harbours, approximately 48% of the natural areas of the Aupouri Ecological District are formally protected, which is equivalent to about 10.7% of the total area of the Ecological District. Protected areas are made up primarily of Te Paki Dunes, Te Arai dunelands, East Beach, Kaimaumau, Lake Ohia, and Tokerau Beach. A list of ecological units recorded in the Aupouri Ecological District and their current protection status is set out in Table 2 (page 300), and a summary of the site evaluations is given in Table 3 (page 328). TABLE 1. PROTECTED NATURAL AREA NETWORK IN THE AUPOURI ECOLOGICAL DISTRICT (areas in ha). Key: CC = Conservation Covenant; QEII = Queen Elizabeth II National Trust covenant; SL = Stewardship Land; SR = Scenic Reserve; EA = Ecological Area; WMR = Wildlife Management Reserve; ScR = Scientific Reserve; RR = Recreation Reserve; MS = Marginal Strip; NR = Nature Reserve; HR = Historic Reserve; FNDC = Far North District Council Reserve; RFBPS = Royal Forest and Bird Protection Society Site Survey Status Total Total no. CC QEII SL SR EA WMR ScR RR MS NR HR FNDC RFBPS prot. site area area Te Paki Dunes N02/013 1871 1871 1936 Te Paki Stream N02/014 41.5 41.5 43 Parengarenga -
2021 February
February 2021 FREE! KAITAIA CONNECT Happy New Year Take me home Connecting communities in Te Hiku Planning for 2021 Whether you are leaving school, seeking a change in Reo Maori & Tikanga. direction or adding to your skills, NorthTec has what Looking to get back into learning but not sure where Kaitaia Family Budgeting is partner- you need! ing with the electricity sector to de- to start? Consider the NZ Certificate in Study and Ca- liver EnergyMate, a free in-home NorthTec teaches the hands-on and practical skills you reer Preparation (Level 3), you can brush up your energy coaching service helping 100 need to be successful when finding work. You’ll get a learning skills for what you need to take on further families at high risk of energy hard- chance to practice what you learn in our purpose-built study. ship—when a family is struggling to facilities and with on-the-job work experience. pay the power bill or keep their Fees-free courses on offer in Kaitaia in 2021 are: home warm. Over 30 NorthTec programmes throughout Tai NZ Certificate in Primary Industry Skills (Level 2) EnergyMate is delivered by commu- Tokerau are being offered fees-free for 2021. Visit the (Agriculture), nity-based financial mentors and is fees-free page on the NorthTec website to see all of NZ Certificate in Horticulture (General) (Level 3), being sponsored by local lines com- these programmes. NZ Certificate in Apiculture (Level 3), pany Top Energy, alongside power NZ Certificate in Foundation Skills (Level 2) (Business), companies and other lines compa- Patricia Matthews studied the NZ Certificate in Com- NZ Certificate in Commercial Road Transport (Heavy nies across New Zealand. -
Escribe Minutes
1 Community Funding Committee Meeting Minutes Date: Wednesday, 9 May, 2018 Time: 9:00 a.m. Location: Council Chamber Forum North, Rust Avenue Whangarei In Attendance Cr Crichton Christie (Chairperson) Cr Gavin Benney Cr Tricia Cutforth Cr Sue Glen Cr Greg Innes Cr Greg Martin Not in Attendance Her Worship the Mayor Sheryl Mai Also Present Cr Shelley Deeming Cr Phil Halse Cr Cherry Hermon Cr Sharon Morgan Cr Anna Murphy Scribe C Brindle (Senior Democracy Adviser) ___________________________________________________________________ 1. Declarations of Interest 2. Apology Her Worship the Mayor (absent) Moved By Cr Greg Martin Seconded By Cr Sue Glen That the apology be sustained. Carried 3. Confirmation of Minutes of Previous Community Funding Committee Meeting 3.1 Minutes Community Funding Committee 11 April 2018 2 Moved By Cr Sue Glen Seconded By Cr Crichton Christie That the minutes of the Community Funding Committee meeting held on Wednesday 11 April 2018, having been circulated, be taken as read and now confirmed and adopted as a true and correct record of proceedings of that meeting. Carried 4. Decision Reports 4.1 Parks and Recreation – 2017/2018 Mowing Grants Moved By Cr Greg Innes Seconded By Cr Greg Martin That the Community Funding Committee approve the mowing grants for 2017–2018 to the following organisations. Organisation Mowing Grant details Recommended Mowing and weed control on the Glenbervie Hall and 1,000 Recreation Society Inc Glenbervie Hall property Mowing and maintenance at the 2,130 Kaurihohore Cemetery Kaurihohore Cemetery, Apotu Road Mowing and maintenance of the hall 1,200 Kara Kokopu Hall grounds Mangakahia Sports Ground Maintenance of the sports ground at Poroti 6,000 Society Mowing and maintenance of reserves at 500 Mangapai Hall Society Mangapai Mata Hall Society Mowing the Mata Hall site. -
Aupouri Aquifer Groundwater Model Final
Aupouri Aquifer Review Report 1056-1-R1 Scott Wilson, Ali Shokri Lincoln Agritech Ltd April 2015 Registered company office: Lincoln Agritech Limited Engineering Drive, Lincoln University Lincoln 7640 Christchurch New Zealand PO Box 69133 Ph: +64 3 325 3700 Fax: +64 3 325 3725 Document Acceptance: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report summarises and analyses the available hydrological and geological data for the Aupouri Aquifer. A conceptual model is proposed which is based on the available information, and this understanding forms the framework for a numerical model to quantify aquifer flow balances. The Aupouri Aquifer covers a land area of 75,322 hectares, and extends along the whole length of Ninety Mile Beach on the west coast, and from Kokota (The Sandspit) to Waimanoni on the east coast. It also includes the low- lying land between Waimanoni and Ahipara. The aquifer is for the most part a deep sandy coastal system that has formed as a tombolo between islands of basement rock. Although it is a sandy aquifer, it also contains a significant proportion of clay and peat deposits that have formed between sand dunes. In particular, there is an extensive horizon of low permeability at approximately sea level, which acts as a confining layer to the deeper sediments. Most boreholes tap the more permeable shell-rich marine sands found at the base of the aquifer, although almost all of the water for these bores is provided by leakage from the overlying sands during pumping. The shallow unconfined part of the aquifer is quite dynamic, and most of the rainfall recharge is routed towards the sea within this layer. -
Te Kawa Waiora Literature Review
Wairoa River Literature Review Te Kawa Waiora Working Paper 1 DATE 9 April 2021 BY Robyn Kāmira Paua Interface Ltd ON BEHALF OF Reconnecting Northland FOR Waimā, Waitai, Waiora Literature Review Te Kawa Waiora 9 April 2021 | Robyn Kāmira, Paua Interface Ltd ©Reconnecting Northland, 2021 Reconnecting Northland — Whenua ora, wai ora, tangata ora Literature Review Te Kawa Waiora 9 April 2021 | Robyn Kāmira, Paua Interface Ltd Contents 1 Introduction 5 1.1 This literature review . .6 1.2 Unique circumstances in 2020 . .7 1.3 Interesting examples . .8 1.4 The author. .8 2 Scope 9 2.1 Geographical scope . .9 2.2 Literature scope . 11 2.3 Key writers . 12 2.4 Māori writers and informants . 12 2.4.1 Hongi, Hāre aka Henry Matthew Stowell (1859-1944) . 12 2.4.2 Kāmira, Tākou (Himiona Tūpākihi) (~1876/7-1953) . .12 2.4.3 Kena, Paraone (Brown) (~1880?-1937) (informant) . 13 2.4.4 Marsden, Māori (1924-1993) . 13 2.4.5 Parore, Louis Wellington (1888-1953) (informant) . 13 2.4.6 Pene Hāre, Ngākuru (Te Wao) (1858-195?) . 14 2.4.7 Taonui, Aperahama aka Abraham Taonui (~1816-1882) . 14 2.5 European writers . 15 2.5.1 Buller, Rev. James (1812-1884) . .15 2.5.2 Cowan, James (1870-1943) . 15 2.5.3 Dieffenbach, Ernest (1811-1855) . .15 2.5.4 Graham, George Samuel (1874-1952) . 16 2.5.5 Halfpenny, Cyril James (1897-1927) . 16 2.5.6 Keene, Florence Myrtle QSM (1908-1988). .17 2.5.7 Polack, Joel Samuel (1807-1882) . 17 2.5.8 Smith, Stephenson Percy (1840-1922).