PERFORMANCE WRITING TASK (PWT) 11TH and 12Th GRADE 2012-2013

English Language Arts (ELA) Common Core State Standards (CCSS) Aligned PERFORMANCE WRITING TASK (PWT) 11TH and 12th GRADE 2012-2013

Student Name: ______

School Name: ______

Teacher Name: ______

Room #: ______Class Period______

Date: ______

ELA 11th and 12th Grade Performance Writing Task

DEFINITIONS

graf·fi·ti [gruh-fee-tee] noun

1. plural of graffito.

2. (used with a plural verb) markings, as initials, slogans, or drawings, written, spray-painted, or sketched on a sidewalk, wall of a building or public restroom, or the like: These graffiti are evidence of the neighborhood's decline. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/graffiti

art [ahrt] noun

1. the quality, production, expression, or realm, according to aesthetic principles, of what is beautiful, appealing, or of more than ordinary significance. 2. the class of objects subject to aesthetic criteria; works of art collectively, as paintings, sculptures, or drawings: a museum of art; an art collection. 3. a field, genre, or category of art: Dance is an art. 4. the fine arts collectively, often excluding architecture: art and architecture. 5. any field using the skills or techniques of art: advertising art; industrial art. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/art

com·mer·cial·ize [kuh-mur-shuh-lahyz] verb (used with object), com·mer·cial·ized,com·mer·cial·iz·ing

1. to make commercial in character, methods, or spirit.

2.to emphasize the profitable aspects of, especially at the expense of quality: to co mmercialize one's artistic talent. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/commercialize

au·then·tic [aw-then-tik] adjective

1.not false or copied; genuine; real: an authentic antique.

2. having the origin supported by unquestionable evidence; authenticated; verified: an authentic document of the Middle Ages; an authentic wo

rk of art. htt //di ti f /b / th ti

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Sony Draws Ire with PSP Graffiti by Ryan Singel

Seeking to market its handheld game device to hip city When asked about the criticism, Sony spokeswoman dwellers, Sony has hired graffiti artists in major urban Molly Smith countered that art is subjective and that areas to spray-paint buildings with simple, images of both the content and the medium dovetailed with kids playing with the gadget. But the guerrilla Sony's belief that the PSP is a "disrupter product" that marketing gambit appears to be drawing scorn from lets people play games, surf the internet and watch some of the street-savvy hipsters it's striving to win movies wherever they want. over. "With PSP being a portable product, our target is what Coming after widely publicized news that Sony music we consider to be urban nomads, people who are on CDs infected customers' computers with security-hole- the go constantly," Smith said. inducing spyware, the campaign for the PlayStation Portable is being derided on the internet as an attempt Floyd Hayes, the head creative director at Cunning to buy the credibility of street art. Work, which specializes in nontraditional marketing campaigns, doesn't disapprove of the campaign, though In San Francisco, critics have expressed their he thinks the seemingly hypnotized kids in the artwork disapproval by adding some spray paint of their own to might send the wrong message. the Sony ads. On a wall outside a beer garden in San Francisco's Mission District, someone spray-painted But Hayes doesn't think Sony has crossed any lines with over every character, adding the commentary, the faux street art. "Sony and PSP have every right to "Advertising directed at your counter-culture." use this type of media," Hayes said. "They have done it for a very long time very successfully and spoke the Outside Casa Maria, a small Mission bodega, someone language of the streets without being patronizing." wrote, "Get out of my city," added the word "Fony" to the graffiti and penned a four-line ditty slamming Sony. Piers Fawkes, who runs the IF blog that focuses on new currents in marketing, also liked the campaign.

Fawkes questioned whether the backlash was very widespread.

"I wonder if that's a San Francisco phenomenon," Fawkes said. "I know there's certain mindset there."

Sony isn't the first corporation to use graffiti and stencils to market its products. In 2001, IBM paid Chicago and San Francisco more than $120,000 in fines and clean-up costs after its advertising agency spray- painted Linux advertisements on the cities' sidewalks.

Unlike IBM, however, Sony says it's paying businesses The advertising, based on original artwork and building owners for the right to graffiti their walls. commissioned by Sony's ad agency, features a collection of dizzy-eyed urban kids playing with the PSP Casa Maria was paid $100 for two weeks' use of its as if it were a skateboard, a paddle or a rocking horse, wall, according to co-owner Mario Arana. but doesn't include the word Sony or PSP anywhere.

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Banksy Interview TimeOut London by Ossian Ward

Reclusive street artist, Banksy, comes out of the you domesticate an animal, it goes from being wild shadows to tell Time Out about his notoriety, and free to sterile, fat and sleepy. So maybe the art ongoing graffiti wars, and increasing the value of should stay outside. Then again, some old people get London property. a lot of comfort from having a pet around the house. Now that your mugshot has appeared in the paper, 'It's hard to capture the adrenaline of street painting do you get recognised on the street? when you're in a nicely lit studio with the kettle on. 'I know a couple of years ago a bloke (guy) claimed Maybe the people who steal graffiti off walls are on he was Banksy to get into a nightclub in Shoreditch to something - the edge is still there. But those and when word went around he got a kicking off people are funny - they ask me for a letter of some other graffiti writers. It's in my interest not to authentication saying I painted a certain piece, but comment on any of the photos doing the rounds.' that's basically a signed confession on headed notepaper.' What's this battle with Robbo and Drax all about, then? So you want your art to be preserved for the 'I didn't deliberately start a battle with Robbo - have nation? you seen the size of him? In the '90s him and Drax 'It's impossible to predict which paintings will last were infamous enough that we'd even heard about and which won't. In New Orleans I painted on a them in Bristol. The truth is I didn't paint over a dilapidated shop in a street littered with abandoned piece that said "Robbo", I painted over a piece that cars and rotting mattresses, then two hours later the said "nrkjfgrekuh". But either way, I don't buy into piece was gone. It turned out I'd picked the side of a the idea a wall "belongs" to a certain writer, or crack house and the proprietor didn't like the anyone else for that matter. attention. 'Traditional graffiti writers have a bunch of rules they 'The one thing you can rely on is if you get disturbed like to stick to, and good luck to them, but I didn't halfway through a painting and it looks a bit naff, become a graffiti artist so I could have somebody then someone will preserve that piece, remove it else tell me what to do. If you're the type who gets and a few months later it'll be paraded round sentimental about people scribbling over your stuff, I Sotheby's* by people wearing white gloves.' suggest graffiti is probably not the right hobby for What do you make of the financial value of your you.' works? Do you mind people trading them like You are accused by the graffiti community of selling property or luxury goods? them out? How do you plead? 'My lawyer's opinion is that the cops might not 'It's hard to know what "selling out" means - these actually be able to charge me with criminal damage days you can make more money producing a run of any more - because theoretically my graffiti actually anti-McDonald's posters than you can make increases the value of property rather than designing actual posters for McDonald's. decreasing it. That's his theory, but then my lawyer also believes wearing novelty cartoon ties is a good 'I tell myself I use art to promote dissent, but maybe look.' I am just using dissent to promote my art. I plead not guilty to selling out. But I plead it from a bigger *Sotheby’s: an auction house that auctions art, often house than I used to live in.' for millions of dollar Can street art ever be shown in a gallery? 'I don't know if street art ever really works indoors. If

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The History of American Graffiti: From Subway Car to Gallery

Since its explosion onto city walls and subway cars in one's name over and over again on property, which the 1970s, the increasing popularity of graffiti as an doesn't translate when it moves into a more sterile art form has won commercial success for its artists setting like a gallery. and a regular presence in pop culture and the contemporary art world. Neelon says, however, that artists who master the craft of painting on the street can create perhaps A new book, 'The History of American Graffiti,' even greater work in studio settings, where they documents the evolution of this often controversial have more time, resources and don't have to worry art movement across the United States. As kids, about the weather (or the police). What they might authors Roger Gastman and Caleb Neelon tagged lose is the volume of people who see their work on a city walls. Today, Gastman is a gatekeeper between daily basis. the underground artists who work on the street and the mainstream world of galleries; Neelon, a Harvard Bringing graffiti from the street into the museum grad, is a graffiti artist and educator. venue isn't easy, Gastman says, but he's developed a niche for doing just that. Opening on April 17 at the For "The History of American Graffiti," they tracked Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles, Gastman down thousands of photographs, from freight trains is a curator of "Art in the Streets", the largest to city streets, and conducted hundreds of American museum exhibition of graffiti and street interviews with graffiti artists, ranging from pioneers art." The exhibit, which runs through Aug. 8, will to the biggest stars. showcase installations by 50 graffiti and street artists. Young people were the key players in shaping the contemporary graffiti movement, says Neelon. The first modern graffiti writer is widely considered to be Cornbread, a high school student from Philadelphia, who in 1967 started tagging city walls to get the attention of a girl. But it was only in the 1980s that galleries began to showcase graffiti as artwork.

Today, auctioneers and collectors shell out thousands of dollars for graffiti-style pieces. British street artist Banksy's documentary, 'Exit Through the Gift Shop,' (on which Gastman was a consulting producer) was nominated for an Oscar this year. And before Marc Ecko and Shepard Fairey were household names designing clothes or Obama campaign posters, they were (and still are sometime) street artists.

But graffiti is, by definition, a defiant and public Above photo: 'Wild Style mural by Zephyr, Revolt, exhibition. Gastman contends that there's an earned Sharp', 1983; front: Doze, Frosty Freeze, Ken Swift; respect and craft to graffiti work done outside in the secord row: Patti Astor, Fred Brathwaite, Lady Pink; streets. There's also an intrinsic subversion and back: Lil Crazy Legs, Revolt and Sharp, directed by vanity to an art form that defines itself by writing Charlie Ahearn, photo by Martha Cooper

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From Graffiti to Galleries: Street vs. Public Art

(CNN) -- It starts with a squiggle on an abandoned street art," he said. building, then another, and another, until the once- blank wall is transformed into a mural. A tag from Street art is a culture in Brooklyn. "I appreciate the the author marks the final touch. capability and expression of the street artists in the area who have transformed streets that were Eventually, this makeshift canvas will be wiped clean, considered common industrial sites," he said. restored to a mundane white wall, so the process can begin again. It's the nature of street art: "What impresses me most is that graffiti can't be spontaneous, public, fleeting. bought," Betts said.

Inspired by graffiti's transient nature, Peter Ferrari Although graffiti was introduced to American street said he went through a Banksy phase at age 15, culture in the 1970s, Ferrari said the technique was referring to the British street artist known for his around before then. "Graffiti in its current state has subversive and polarizing street exhibits. Banksy been around for decades. It is probably one of the motivated the young Ferrari to begin spray painting largest art trends to last," he said. garages with colorful aerosols. "Think about pop art, it only lasted for 20 years, and "Back then it was more, 'Screw you mom and dad, I it was one of the biggest trends. I mean, even cave am going to draw on walls.' Back then it wasn't paintings can be considered 'graffiti,'" he said. about the artistic side," he said of his youthful rebellion. What is graffiti?

The 31-year-old, known across Atlanta as the artist "Graffiti is an affirmation of the individual," said Sara PLF, is hesitant to call himself a graffiti or even a Cochran, curator of modern and contemporary at street artist. The former Montessori schoolteacher, the Phoenix Art Museum. "The idea of graffiti has a whose sprawling murals are found across Atlanta lot to do with raw energy and authenticity." walls and commissioned by both private companies and individuals, instead sees himself as a public Sometimes, what was once viewed as graffiti artist. Because of his use of spray paint, people becomes pricey art. Cochran points to Banksy as an around the city still call him a street artist. But example. what's the difference, anyway? "Banksy came from the streets and now has gallery "Well, graffiti is illegal for one thing ... but it's a true shows and auctions," she said. art form," Ferrari said. Street art is considered rebellious in nature and What started as a subculture on the streets of New illegal in practice, while public art is commissioned York in the 1970s has gained popularity in the by cities or property owners and is considered decades since. Graffiti, often used synonymously culturally enriching and socially acceptable. with street art, has become aesthetically trendy in many places across America. Ferrari sees public space as a canvas and public art as an avenue to bring his aerosol-inspired artwork to Dave Betts said graffiti is celebrated in his Brooklyn, a larger audience, further blurring the lines between New York, neighborhood of Williamsburg. "There are street and public art. even art appreciation tours that include some of the

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ELA 11th and 12th Grade Performance Writing Task ARTICLE 4

From Graffiti to Galleries: Street vs. Public Art continued

'Weird divide between highbrow and lowbrow' artists, when companies come into a place and just But does blurring the lines mean selling out? create advertisements in a form of graffiti art," he said. Ferrari said he doesn't think so. In fact, he said he has been hoping to enter the realm of public art for a Nicholas Swann of Rochester, New York, lives in an long time. He sees being a public artist as an area filled with graffiti, and he agrees with the opportunity. "Every time you do mural work, it is like sentiment. "Street art to me is a person showing his another advertisement of yourself," he said. "And talent; many artists go undiscovered," Swann said. this is the year for me to get into bigger galleries and "They take chances when and where they do it." publications." What do we do with graffiti? But he said people try to differentiate the two. In 2011, the city of Atlanta's Graffiti Task Force was "There is this weird divide between highbrow and funded $10,000 to crack down on graffiti. The task lowbrow in the art world," he said. force, whose aim is to keep the city clean and Even Banksy has been accused of becoming too prevent further vandalism, made several arrests of commercialized. On the artist's website, one local street artists. commenter wrote, "Why are you such a sell out?" But graffiti can be found is many cities across the Banksy responded, "I wish I had a pound for every United States. Gino Tucillo of Asheville, North time someone asked me that." Carolina, said street art is a familiar site in his city. What some call selling out, Ferrari said he sees as "Sometimes it's beautiful and interesting graffiti and appreciation by a wider audience. other times it's beautiful elaborate murals that just show up randomly on local business walls," Tucillo Graffiti's aerosol imagery is gaining popularity and is said in a CNN iReport. "Much of it finds a home with becoming increasing socially acceptable, he said. a lot of appreciation for quite a while until someone Movements such as GreenGraffiti, which uses replaces it with something new." pressurized water to leave behind clean messages and images on the streets of New York, or the Whether graffiti should be criminalized, however, increasing use of commercial graffiti, where street can be subjective. artists are hired to create graffiti-based "If it's just random tagging to scar property and advertisements in cities such as London, Paris, New identify someone's ego -- it's a crime," Tucillo said. York and Atlanta, also shine light on the increasing "However, when you happen to walk through some commercialism of graffiti. dilapidated back alley and you find a giant, beautiful, But graffiti for hire isn't something for which Ferrari sweet face of Yoda staring at you on some old is necessarily enthusiastic. He recounted a recent art forgotten brick wall and it simply says 'Jedi' next to project that Coca-Cola in Atlanta commissioned. it, that to me expresses something powerful."

"They commissioned a bunch of local graffiti artists. Ferrari said he finds the paradox in the public's It was this huge bubble art, and it was defaced the attitude toward street art interesting. "People hate next day. It is almost an insult to the work of graffiti the tags, but they want the murals," he said. "I think there is a misunderstanding, and people don't realize

that it is all connected and all related. You can't have the mural without the tag.”

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Urban Myths: Has Street Art Sold Out?

As a new show dedicated to graffiti, stencils and I found this news surprising. After all, a gallery spray paint opens, Matilda Battersby asks if such commissioning street art undermines the nature of work really belongs in a gallery the genre, doesn't it? Exhibiting art influenced by graffiti and tagging is one thing, but offering up Thursday, 7 October 2010 white walls to be spray painted is another. When Faile was asked to exhibit at the Tate Modern in The pavements near where I live in north London are 2008, the gallery was sensitive enough to offer up its unremarkable but for one thing. The disgusting external walls rather than its interior ones. splodges of chewing gum ingrained on drab, dusty paving stones serve as a canvas to the street artist "Street art belongs on the street," says Ben Eine, an Ben Wilson, who regularly creates miniature murals artist who hit the headlines when David Cameron on them. gave one of his paintings to Barack Obama during a visit to the US in July. "But I'm a working street artist Wilson can often be seen dressed in overalls, and I earn my money selling art in the style of street stretched out on the roadside with a paintbrush in art via galleries. I don't get paid for what I do in hand. He and his colourful offerings, which feature public places. So I invest the money I earn in galleries local landmarks, political statements and cartoonish back into doing the stuff I passionately want to do on caricatures, are well-known in the area. Children call the street." him "the chewing gum man". Eine thinks his approach negates accusations of As with most street artists, Wilson's work is selling out. He says: "If that's how artists are going to uncommissioned, unsolicited and illegal. One of the work, then I think it's cool. But if they're just a bunch joys of it, and that of other urban artwork, is the of so-called street artists that make stuff in their surprise of encountering it under otherwise ordinary studios and sell it in galleries, then they're making a circumstances. In Bristol and London, where the UK bad choice." "scene" is at its most vociferous, you won't just find Banksys but a huge range of daubings, murals, Gill Saunders, senior curator of prints for the V&A, stencils, stickers and installations by any number of told me she had no idea the Herbert had creatives known by pseudonyms to safeguard them commissioned new work to go alongside the against arrest. Their work is provocative, political, collection the museum had put together. She wasn't uncensored and usually exacted under cover of alarmed at the news, but was interested in what she darkness. Viewed as vandalism by many, street art is called the "life cycle" of such works, and whether steeped in punk, anarchy and iconoclasm. Because it they would be destroyed or sold after the show. ideologically sticks two fingers* up at the Man, it seems anathema that street art should become "I suppose there are two angles on this," Saunders increasingly commercial. said. "On the one hand, I'm wary of commissioning such work as I think it should exist out on the streets This month, a touring exhibition of the Victoria & for its own sake. On the other hand, you could say Albert Museum's collection of street art prints, that street art is partly ephemeral, but it's also a kind which includes pieces by Banksy, D*Face, Ben Eine of performance art. In that sense, I think it's and Shepard Fairey, makes its UK debut at the perfectly valid for a gallery to commission something Herbert Art Gallery & Museum in Coventry. To to mark an event in that way." accompany it, the gallery has specially commissioned six new works by emerging street artists.

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Urban Myths: Has Street Art Sold Out? continued

The Herbert is not sure what will happen to the never take any money from them. But if somebody artwork post-show. Much of it is being made on MDF does want to give me money then that's fine." boards rather than real walls, so can be peeled off and taken home by the artists afterwards. If Wilson says it can be difficult to fulfill his someone wants to buy one of the pieces then they commitments to such commissions when he's short of money, because he has to pay for paint and can do so privately via the artist, but as it is a public because has a family to support. He says he's been gallery the Herbert would have no hand in this. questioned by police around 900 times, but laughingly tells me that even the police have started Pahnl, one of the artists commissioned by the commissioning him. Herbert, says he hasn't had any criticism from his friends in the scene. "Graffiti writers and taggers see The integrity with which he views his work is anybody who enters the gallery environment as impressive, as is his criticism of corporations, selling out. But street artists embrace the idea more, advertising and the government. This is the crux of often because they have a fine art background." his need to produce street art: he feels a need to produce art simply to exercise his creative muscles. [Selling] prints on the side to finance free work is the He'd never put a price on his gum paintings "because understandable toss-up faced by many such artists. I wouldn't want them to be like everything else", but Yet because it is an underground art form, it's he wouldn't rule out exhibiting in a gallery. possible that embracing commerciality in this way will go some way to normalising and censoring the If street art is born from a subculture defined by statements such artists can make. covert tactics and illegality then it is going to be painful putting it into a conventional setting. Die- Wilson is not idealistic about the making and selling hard fans will be appalled but it seems that in the of street art, but he says that what he has striven to world we live in, at least part of the movement do over six years would not have been possible if he needs to reach out to commerciality if only so that had expected payment. The issue over whether the artists can feed themselves and buy paint. street art should be commissioned is thrown into a new light when Wilson explains that he takes Street Art: Contemporary Prints from the V&A and commissions all the time – from people in the street. new work by Fresh Paint, Herbert Art Gallery & Museum, Coventry (024 7683 2386; "People come up to me in the street because they want a picture; this can be because their friend's just www.theherbert.org) 9 October to 16 January * died or they've had a baby or they want a love two fingers in the United Kingdom is their message for someone," he says. "The majority are version of the American middle finger school kids, the homeless or local taggers, so I'd .

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MY NOTES ORGANIZER

Directions: Take notes supporting each position. Include any claims, reasons, or evidence you find in the sources provided. Do not include your opinion. In favor of graffiti in Not in favor of graffiti in Source advertising/ museums advertising/museums

Article 1: Sony Draws Ire with PSP Graffiti

Article 2: Banksy Interview TimeOut London

Article 3: Banksy Interview TimeOut London

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MY NOTES ORGANIZER continued In favor of graffiti in Not in favor of graffiti in Source advertising/ museums advertising/museums

Article 4: From Graffiti to Galleries: Street vs. Public Art

Article 5: Urban Myths: Has Street Art Sold Out?

Video 1: Graffiti as an Art Form

Video 2: The History of American Graffiti

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MY THOUGHTS ORGANIZER

Directions: Read the questions below. Reference your notes to write answers to the questions in the "My Thoughts" section. In the “Source Evidence” column, list the evidence and cite the source to support your thoughts. After talking and sharing ideas with a classmate, complete the "My Thoughts Now" section based on your conversation.

Questions My Thoughts Source Evidence My Thoughts Now

1. What arguments are made that support graffiti being used in advertising or displayed in museums?

2. Which source makes these arguments?

3. What arguments are made against the use of graffiti in advertisements or displays in museums?

4. Which source makes these arguments?

5. Now, you state a claim. To what degree, if at all, does graffiti lose its authenticity if used in advertising or displayed in museums?

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CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE QUESTIONS

Directions: Answer the questions below in complete sentences. You may use an extra sheet to make any notes or to draft your response. You may refer to all of your student booklet materials to help you answer the questions.

1. In the article Sony Draws Ire With PSP Graffiti, what is the particular viewpoint of those attacking Sony's graffiti advertisements? Use details from the photographs and article to support your answer.

______

2. In the video The History of American Graffiti, Roger Gastmann states that graffiti is “purest,” “rawest,” and “best” when illegal. What evidence for the counterargument does the video provide? Use details from the video to support your answer.

______

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CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE QUESTIONS continued

3. In the Banksy Interview and Urban Myths articles, two artists address the question of “selling out.” What points about earning money from graffiti does the article Urban Myths discuss that is not included in the article Banksy Interview? Why is this additional information important when making an informed decision about graffiti and “selling out”? Support your answer with details from the articles.

______

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MY ARGUMENTS ORGANIZER

Directions: Prepare at least two reasons, supporting evidence and how you will address an opposing view.

Claim: ______

______



Reason Reason Reason

______

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Evidence Evidence Evidence

______

 Opposing View My Response to the Opposing View

______ ______

______

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PERFORMANCE WRITING TASK

Directions: Please respond to the prompt below in writing. You may use your notes and your answers to your constructed response questions to inform your writing. You must write your entire argumentative essay on the lined paper provided by your teacher. Your essay should have a minimum of 5 paragraphs.

Writing Prompt:

Graffiti traces its roots to "outsider," "street" art with an emphasis on rebellion and disdain for the mainstream. However, more and more frequently, graffiti is being used to sell products or is displayed in museum and gallery exhibits. Does graffiti lose authenticity once taken off the street? Support your claim with details from what you have read and viewed.

Write an argumentative essay explaining to what degree, if at all, graffiti loses authenticity if used in advertising or displayed in museums.

After reading the provided texts and viewing the videos on the topic, write an argumentative essay that addresses the question and support your position with evidence from the texts and videos. Be sure to acknowledge competing views.

1. Begin with an introduction that frames the purpose of your essay and states a claim. 2. Develop your argument with clear reasons and evidence drawn from the texts and videos. Explain the significance of the evidence and how it supports the claim. 3. Acknowledge and address an opposing or competing view (counterargument). 4. Use at least 3 sources in your argument. 5. Provide a conclusion that effectively summarizes the argument and explains its significance.

Be Sure To:

 Use appropriate transitions.  Use precise language and vocabulary to inform or explain your topic.  Establish and maintain a formal style.  Edit for spelling and grammar.  Cite sources either by title or with parenthetical citation: (Article 1).  Write a minimum of 5 paragraphs.

Turn in this student booklet and your essay to the teacher when you complete this performance task or as directed by the teacher. Thank you.

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