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Discrimination of Brazilian Red Varietal Wines According to Their Sensory
1172 DISCRIMINATION OFMIELE, BRAZILIAN A. & RIZZON, REDL. A. VARIETAL WINES ACCORDING TO THEIR SENSORY DESCRIPTORS Discriminação de vinhos tintos Brasileiros varietais de acordo com suas características sensoriais Alberto Miele1, Luiz Antenor Rizzon2 ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper was to establish the sensory characteristics of wines made from old and newly introduced red grape varieties. To attain this objective, 16 Brazilian red varietal wines were evaluated by a sensory panel of enologists who assessed wines according to their aroma and flavor descriptors. A 90 mm unstructured scale was used to quantify the intensity of 26 descriptors, which were analyzed by means of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The PCA showed that three important components represented 74.11% of the total variation. PC 1 discriminated Tempranillo, Marselan and Ruby Cabernet wines, with Tempranillo being characterized by its equilibrium, quality, harmony, persistence and body, as well as by, fruity, spicy and oaky characters. The other two varietals were defined by vegetal, oaky and salty characteristics; PC 2 discriminated Pinot Noir, Sangiovese, Cabernet Sauvignon and Arinarnoa, where Pinot Noir was characterized by its floral flavor; PC 3 discriminated only Malbec, which had weak, floral and fruity characteristics. The other varietal wines did not show important discriminating effects. Index terms: Sensory analysis, enology, Vitis vinifera. RESUMO Conduziu-se este trabalho, com o objetivo de determinar as características sensoriais de vinhos tintos brasileiros elaborados com cultivares de uva introduzidos no país há algum tempo e outros, mais recentemente. Para tanto, as características de 16 vinhos tintos varietais brasileiros foram determinadas por um painel formado por enólogos que avaliaram os vinhos de acordo com suas características de aroma e sabor. -
OSU Wine and Grape Research and Extension Newsletter February 2010
OSU Wine and Grape Research and Extension Newsletter February 2010 http://wine.oregonstate.edu In this issue: Welcome to the February 2010 Newsletter Welcome As the dormant season progresses towards the beginning of the 2010 vineyard season, we prepared this newsletter to focus on viticulture topics in disease management and cover Avoiding canker problems in cropping. the vineyard With pruning taking place across vineyards in Oregon, Dr. Jay Pscheidt reminds vineyard managers to be on alert for canker diseases. Also, as we prepare for this next season, OSU OSU Plant Clinic announces Plant Clinic is preparing for new diagnostic testing services for grape viruses. To round off the vineyard pest management sections of this newsletter, Dr. Amy Dreves provides an new grape virus testing updated report on the Spotted Wing Drosophila and the impacts in vineyards. Using cover crops as a tool in For those of you who participated in past OSU surveys, you can read a summary of a cover crop survey conducted in 2008-2009. Within that report, Dr. Patty Skinkis provides vineyard management an update on current cover crop research results. Finally, take a moment to check out upcoming events for winter 2010 and the newly What do we know about the released OSU Extension Viticulture publications on mealybug and leafroll monitoring. Spotted wing Drosophila in Cheers, The OSU Winegrape Team Oregon? Avoiding canker problems in the vineyard Oregon State University to Dr. Jay W. Pscheidt, OSU Extension Plant Pathology Specialist feature viticulture and enology A canker is a dead area of a vine generally found on a trunk or cordon. -
Bibi Graetz Wines, the Name Is Very Evocative, “Casa-Matta”: the “Crazy-House”, Is Our Bright and Approachable Version of White Tuscan Blend
BI BI GRAETZ CASAMATTA Bianco 2016 The “Crazy-House” Like most of Bibi Graetz wines, the name is very evocative, “Casa-Matta”: the “Crazy-House”, is our bright and approachable version of white Tuscan blend. The Vermentino brings freshness, the Moscato Bianco elevate the aromatics and Trebbiano increase the balance and the harmony of the blend. Winemaker’s Tasting Notes Vermentino 60%, Trebbiano 30%, Moscato Bianco 10% “When I drink Casamatta Bianco I’m immediately projected on the Tuscan coast. This is a wine that reflects the soil, the sun and the perfumes of Maremma. The first impression is the floral notes of Moscato, orange and peach flowers, then in the palate you have the citrus of the Vermentino, pear and exotic fruits” Bibi Graetz Vintage 2016: the growing season After a great 2015, the expectation of having another sensational vintage were very low, usually it’s hard to have 2 great vintages one after the other. What we realized with the 2016 is that this is not the case. This vintage is at the same level of 2015 and someone says it’s even better! Very cold winter, with some touches of snow guaranteed, with a mild and sunny spring, perfect conditions for the develop of the plants. The summer was a bit warmer then 2015 with only few days of rain in the beginning of August and the harvest period was fully insolated and anticipated to the 12th of September. Vinification and Ageing Casamatta Bianco is produced from the vineyards of Capalbio, south of Tuscany in Maremma. The grapes are hand-picked and fermented in stainless steel tanks, destammed and softpressed with dry ice. -
Starting a Vineyard in Texas • a GUIDE for PROSPECTIVE GROWERS •
Starting a Vineyard in Texas • A GUIDE FOR PROSPECTIVE GROWERS • Authors Michael C ook Viticulture Program Specialist, North Texas Brianna Crowley Viticulture Program Specialist, Hill Country Danny H illin Viticulture Program Specialist, High Plains and West Texas Fran Pontasch Viticulture Program Specialist, Gulf C oast Pierre Helwi Assistant Professor and Extension Viticulture Specialist Jim Kamas Associate Professor and Extension Viticulture Specialist Justin S cheiner Assistant Professor and Extension Viticulture Specialist The Texas A&M University System Who is the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service? We are here to help! The Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service delivers research-based educational programs and solutions for all Texans. We are a unique education agency with a statewide network of professional educators, trained volunteers, and county offices. The AgriLife Viticulture and Enology Program supports the Texas grape and wine industry through technical assistance, educational programming, and applied research. Viticulture specialists are located in each region of the state. Regional Viticulture Specialists High Plains and West Texas North Texas Texas A&M AgriLife Research Denton County Extension Office and Extension Center 401 W. Hickory Street 1102 E. Drew Street Denton, TX 76201 Lubbock, TX 79403 Phone: 940.349.2896 Phone: 806.746.6101 Hill Country Texas A&M Viticulture and Fruit Lab 259 Business Court Gulf Coast Fredericksburg, TX 78624 Texas A&M Department of Phone: 830.990.4046 Horticultural Sciences 495 Horticulture Street College Station, TX 77843 Phone: 979.845.8565 1 The Texas Wine Industry Where We Have Been Grapes were first domesticated around 6 to 8,000 years ago in the Transcaucasia zone between the Black Sea and Iran. -
2021 Musto Wine Grape Co. Harvest Menu 2021 Musto Wine Grape Co
2021 Musto Wine Grape Co. Harvest Menu 2021 Musto Wine Grape Co. Harvest Menu HARVEST IS ALMOST HERE! THE GRAPES ARE ABOUT 2-3 WEEKS AHEAD OF SCHEDULE AND SHOW NO SIGNS OF SLOWING DOWN. WE WILL HAVE SOME EARLY RIPENING GRAPES AND WINEMAKING JUICES ARRIVING THE WEEK AFTER LABOR DAY (SEPTEMBER 6TH). WE HAVE NEW WINEMAKING GRAPES AND INTERESTING VINEYARDS BEING ADDED TO THE MWG WINEMAKING PORTFOLIO THIS SEASON. BELOW YOU WILL SEE INFORMATION REGARDING OUR NEWEST ADDITIONS. PLEASE KEEP IN MIND THAT ALL RED GRAPE VARIETIES CAN BE PROCESSED INTO FROZEN MUST BY REQUEST/PRE-ORDER ONLY AND ALL WINE GRAPE VARIETIES CAN BE PURCHASED IN 6 GALLON FRESH JUICE PAILS FROM CALIFORNIA. HAVE YOU STARTED YOUR WINEMAKING WISH LIST YET? GIVE US A CALL AT THE OFFICE TO DISCUSS YOUR 2021 WINE! 877-812-1137 - [email protected] CHEERS! THE MUSTO CRUSH CREW 2021 Musto Wine Grape Co. Harvest Menu GRAPES: LANZA-MUSTO GRAPES: LODI, CA (SUISUN VALLEY, CA) BARBERA PETITE VERDOT ALICANTE ZINFANDEL CABERNET SAUVIGNON (VALLEY) PETITE SIRAH BARBERA OLD VINE ZINFANDEL CABERNET SAUVIGNON (169) PRIMITIVO CABERNET FRANC VALDEPNA CABERNET SAUVIGNON (15) TEMPRANILLO CABERNET SAUVIGNON ALBARINO CABERNET SAUVIGNON (KOCH) SYRAH (LIMITED) CARIGNANE BLACK MUSCAT MALBEC CHARDONNAY GRENACHE CHARDONNAY MERLOT RIESLING MALBEC FRENCH COLOMBARD MOURVEDRE SAUVIGNON BLANC MERLOT MALVASIA BIANCA SANGIOVESE (BRUNELLO CLONE) MUSCAT CANNELLI MIXED BLACK MUSCAT PETITE SIRAH PINOT GRIGIO GRAPES: METTLER RANCH PINOT NOIR RIESLING (LODI, CA) RUBY CABERNET SAUVIGNON BLANC SANGIOVESE THOMPSON SEEDLESS PINOTAGE SYRAH TEMPRANILLO VIOGNIER GRENACHE NOIR CABERNET SAUVIGNON FIANO VERMENTINO MERLOT ZINFANDEL PETITE SIRAH SANGIOVESE 2021 Musto Wine Grape Co. -
Sassoregale Tool Kit
Sassoregale Tool Kit Technical sheets Sell sheets Training Materials SANGIOVESE Maremma Toscana DOC GRAPES: Sangiovese PRODUCTION ZONE: The Tuscan Maremma ALTITUDE: 100 - 150 m (330 - 495 ft.) above sea level TYPE OF SOIL: Rich and deep, with a good clay content TRAINING SYSTEM: Spurred Cordon PLANT DENSITY: 5.128 vines per hectare (2.075 per acre) HARVEST PERIOD: 10th September - 30th September ALCOHOL LEVEL: 13,50 % vol. SERVING TEMPERATURE: 16 - 18 °C (61 - 64 °F) RECOMMENDED GLASS: A large glass, narrowing at the rim AGING POTENTIAL: 4/5 years BOTTLES PER BOX: 6 - 1 FORMAT (CL): 75 (25,3 oz) - 150 (50,72 oz) Technical Information Following traditional red wine vinification (with meticulous maceration on the skins) and the malolactic fermentation, the wine is aged for a brief but important period in small oak barrels. Tasting Note Its color is a bright ruby red. On the nose, it is clean and precise, with hints of morello cherries, wild berries and a moderate spiciness. On the palate it reveals a full and firm flavor, expressing all its intensity and elegance. Food Matchings Ideal with grilled red meats and BBQ, but also with cured meats or the traditional sheep’s milk cheeses of Tuscany. Tenuta Sassoregale Santa Margherita USA: 1900 Sunset Harbour Drive, Annex 3 Miami, FL 33139 Tel: +786-542-1704 Fax: 786-542-1705 www.SantaMargheritaUSA.com . www.sassoregale.com . [email protected] VERMENTINO Maremma Toscana DOC GRAPES: Vermentino PRODUCTION ZONE: The Tuscan Maremma ALTITUDE: 150 metres above sea level (492 ft.) TYPE OF SOIL: Deep, rich with a good fraction of clay TRAINING SYSTEM: Guyot PLANT DENSITY: 5,100 per hectare (610 per acre) HARVEST PERIOD: First half of September ALCOHOL LEVEL: 13,50 % vol. -
View from the Cellar
VIEW FROM THE CELLAR Giornata Another new winery to me this time around was Giornata, based in Paso Robles, who is specializing in Italian varietals and also making simply stellar wines. Giornata is the brainchild of Brian and Stefanie Terrizzi, who have made the pilgrimage from more standard 72 California varietals at their various previous positions to passionate and very gifted producers of truly Italian-styled wines from top vineyards in California’s Central Coast. This is not something that I had ever thought about as overly promising, though probably much of my lack of enthusiasm for Italian varietals on American soil may have to do with the rather desultory examples of Sangiovese I have tasted over the years from California. Clearly, the Giornata wines are cut from a very different cloth! I was absolutely enthralled by the quality of their very classically-styled Nebbiolo, Aglianico and other bottlings and look forward to following their progress with each passing vintage. 2014 Vermentino- Giornata (Paso Robles) The 2014 Vermentino from Brian and Stefanie Terrizzi is excellent and very classi- cally made (like all of their wines), fermented and raised in stainless steel and bottled fairly early to preserve freshness and bounce on the palate. The bouquet is lovely, wafting from the glass in a vibrant blend of apple, green olive, salty soil tones, citrus peel and a nice topnote of freshlyculled herbs. On the palate the wine is pure, fullish, crisp and complex, with lovely minerality and a long, complex and zesty finish. A lovely Vermentino. 2016-2020. 91. 2014 Barbera- Giornata (Paso Robles) The 2014 Barbera from Giornata is fermented with indigenous yeasts and raised primarily in a thousand liter foudre, with the overflow finding its way into old casks for its relatively short elevage. -
Does Wine Have a Place in Kant's Theory of Taste?1
Does Wine Have a Place in Kant’s Theory of Taste?1 Rachel Cristy, Princeton University Kant’s own answer to my title question is “no.” One can make of a wine the merely subjective judgment that it is agreeable, never the universally valid judgment that it is beautiful. Here is Kant’s only remark on wine in the Critique of the Power of Judgment: With regard to the agreeable, everyone is content that his judgment, which he grounds on a private feeling, and in which he says of an object that it pleases him, be restricted merely to his own person. Hence he is perfectly happy if, when he says that sparkling wine from the Canaries is agreeable, someone else should improve his expression and remind him that he should say “It is agreeable to me”; and this is so not only in the case of the taste of the tongue, palate, and throat, but also in the case of that which may be agreeable to someone’s eyes and ears. (KU §7, 5: 212) Here is Kant’s explanation for why wine can’t be judged beautiful: “Aesthetic judgments can be divided into empirical and pure. The first are those which assert agreeableness or disagreeableness, the second those which assert beauty of an object… the former are judgments of sense (material aesthetic judgments), the latter (as formal) are alone proper judgments of taste” (§14, 5: 223). Not only flavors and aromas, but also “mere color, e.g., the green of a lawn” and “mere tone…say that of a violin” are relegated to judgments of agreeableness, because they “have as their ground merely the matter of the representations, namely mere sensation” (§14, 5: 224). -
Matching Grape Varieties to Sites Are Hybrid Varieties Right for Oklahoma?
Matching Grape Varieties to Sites Are hybrid varieties right for Oklahoma? Bruce Bordelon Purdue University Wine Grape Team 2014 Oklahoma Grape Growers Workshop 2006 survey of grape varieties in Oklahoma: Vinifera 80%. Hybrids 15% American 7% Muscadines 1% Profiles and Challenges…continued… • V. vinifera cultivars are the most widely grown in Oklahoma…; however, observation and research has shown most European cultivars to be highly susceptible to cold damage. • More research needs to be conducted to elicit where European cultivars will do best in Oklahoma. • French-American hybrids are good alternatives due to their better cold tolerance, but have not been embraced by Oklahoma grape growers... Reasons for this bias likely include hybrid cultivars being perceived as lower quality than European cultivars, lack of knowledge of available hybrid cultivars, personal preference, and misinformation. Profiles and Challenges…continued… • The unpredictable continental climate of Oklahoma is one of the foremost obstacles for potential grape growers. • It is essential that appropriate site selection be done prior to planting. • Many locations in Oklahoma are unsuitable for most grapes, including hybrids and American grapes. • Growing grapes in Oklahoma is a risky endeavor and minimization of potential loss by consideration of cultivar and environmental interactions is paramount to ensure long-term success. • There are areas where some European cultivars may succeed. • Many hybrid and American grapes are better suited for most areas of Oklahoma than -
Grape Varieties for Indiana
Commercial • HO-221-W Grape Varieties for Indiana COMMERCIAL HORTICULTURE • DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE PURDUE UNIVERSITY COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE • WEST LAFAYETTE, IN Bruce Bordelon Selection of the proper variety is a major factor for fungal diseases than that of Concord (Table 1). Catawba successful grape production in Indiana. Properly match- also experiences foliar injury where ozone pollution ing the variety to the climate of the vineyard site is occurs. This grape is used primarily in white or pink necessary for consistent production of high quality dessert wines, but it is also used for juice production and grapes. Grape varieties fall into one of three groups: fresh market sales. This grape was widely grown in the American, French-American hybrids, and European. Cincinnati area during the mid-1800’s. Within each group are types suited for juice and wine or for fresh consumption. American and French-American Niagara is a floral, strongly labrusca flavored white grape hybrid varieties are suitable for production in Indiana. used for juice, wine, and fresh consumption. It ranks The European, or vinifera varieties, generally lack the below Concord in cold hardiness and ripens somewhat necessary cold hardiness to be successfully grown in earlier. On favorable sites, yields can equal or surpass Indiana except on the very best sites. those of Concord. Acidity is lower than for most other American varieties. The first section of this publication discusses American, French-American hybrids, and European varieties of wine Other American Varieties grapes. The second section discusses seeded and seedless table grape varieties. Included are tables on the best adapted varieties for Indiana and their relative Delaware is an early-ripening red variety with small berries, small clusters, and a mild American flavor. -
Multi-Elemental Analysis of Wine Samples in Relation to Their Type, Origin, and Grape Variety
Multi-Elemental Analysis of Wine Samples in Relation to Their Type, Origin, and Grape Variety Magdalena Gajek *, Aleksandra Pawlaczyk and Malgorzata I. Szynkowska-Jozwik Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; [email protected] (A.P.); [email protected] (M.I.S.-J.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-42-631-30-95 Table S1. A literature review on the content of metals in wines. Samples Elements Technique Preparation Conclusions Ref. 60 white wines Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, FAAS Mineralization Max. content of metals: [2] from Kosovo Hg, As HGAAS 100 mL sample + 1 Zn 0.67 mg/L; Fe 2.03 mg/L; mL HNO3 (con.) Cu 0.84 mg/L; Mn 1.17 mg/L; Hg 6.40 µg/L; As 6.56 µg/L 13 samples of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn FAAS Filtering + dilution Mean content of metals [27] different wine ZGFAAS + 0.1M HCl [µg/L]: brands from FTSCP Pb 9.5; Cd 0.13; Cu 156; Zn Croatia: 5 640 white, 5 red, 1 rosé and 2 fruit wines 17 homemade K, Ca, Fe, Zn, AES Mineralization 10 Max. content of metals [25] fruit wine from Cd, Mg, Pb, Sn, AAS mL sample + 5 mL [µg/L]: Poland Hg CVAAS HNO3 + 5 mL H2O2 Pb 166.3; Zn 316; GFAAS Cd 18.4; Hg 0.437; Fe 969 60 wines from Ni, Ag, Cr, Sr, ICP-MS Mineralization 2,5 Max. content of metals [6] Romania and Zn, Cu, Rb, mL sample + 2,5 mL [µg/L]: Moldova Mn, Pb, Co, V HNO3 (con.) Rb 890; Mn 865; Cu 2594.79; including 26 Zn 433,95; Ni 324,73 red wines (18 different grape varieties) 4 different Al, B, Ba Ca, ICP-OES 1. -
Sella & Mosca La Cala Vermentino
SELLA & MOSCA LA CALA VERMENTINO In Italy and elsewhere in Europe, wine connoisseurs and industry professionals rate Sella & Mosca among Italy's most outstanding wine estates. Sella & Mosca's I Piani estate in Sardinia constitutes the second largest contiguous vineyard in Italy and counts itself among the country's most impressive wineries. Situated in the northwest corner of Sardinia, just inland from the pretty, historic port of Alghero, this 1,600-acre property with more than 1,200 acres of vines is one of the largest wine estates in Europe As Sardinia's foremost wine producer, Sella & Mosca is renowned for premium wines made exclusively from estate-grown grapes. In addition to native varieties such as Vermentino and Cannonau, the winery has successfully pioneered the introduction of international grape varieties, notably Cabernet Sauvignon. A favorite of the jet set at Sardinia’s chic resorts, La Cala is the ultimate definition of the Vermentino grape. It is romantically named for a small, secluded cove fringed by violet- colored thistles on the edge of the Sella & Mosca estate. Few wines rival La Cala for its exceptional affinity with seafood, thanks to the very subtle presence of a natural marine salinity in the wine, credited to the Mediterranean location of Sella & Mosca’s Vermentino vineyards. PRODUCTION AREA Country: Italy Region: Sardinia Appellation: Vermentino di Sardegna DOC Soil Type; ancient alluvial terrain GRAPE VARIETIES 100% Vermentino PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES The grapes are harvested manually and mechanically in September. After harvest, selected grape bunches are exposed to the warm autumnal sunlight and undergo a brief, natural drying process.