DOCSLIB.ORG

DALIT STUDIES This Page Intentionally Left Blank DALIT STUDIES

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
DALIT STUDIES This Page Intentionally Left Blank DALIT STUDIES DALIT STUDIES This page intentionally left blank DALIT STUDIES RAMNARAYAN S. RAWAT & K. SATYANARAYANA, EDITORS Duke University Press • Durham and London • 2016 © 2016 Duke University Press All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of Amer i ca on acid- free paper ∞. Designed by Courtney Leigh Baker and Typeset in Scala, Scala Sans, and Minion Pro by Westchester Publishing Services Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: Rawat, Ramnarayan S., editor. | Satyanarayana, K., editor. Title: Dalit studies / Ramnarayan S. Rawat and K. Satyanarayana, editors. Description: Durham : Duke University Press, 2016. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers:lccn 2015040886| isbn 9780822361138 (hardcover : alk. paper) | isbn 9780822361329 (pbk. : alk. paper) | isbn 9780822374312 (e- book) Subjects: lcsh: Dalits— India. | Caste— India. Classification:lcc ds422.c3 d2016 | ddc 305.5/688— dc23 lc rec ord available at http:// lccn . loc . gov / 2015040886 Cover art: Courtesy of Laxman Aelay, Secular Song, 2013. Acrylic on canvas, 72" × 48". Laxman Aelay is a contemporary artist from Telangana. To Dalit men and women who have dedicated their lives to the pursuit of human dignity This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS Acknowl edgments • ix introduction. Dalit Studies: New Perspectives on Indian History and Society • 1 ramnarayan s. rawat and k. satyanarayana 1 The Indian Nation in Its Egalitarian Conception• 31 gopal guru part i. Probing the Historical 2 Colonial Archive versus Colonial Sociology: Writing Dalit History • 53 ramnarayan s. rawat 3 Social Space, Civil Society, and Dalit Agency in Twentieth- Century Kerala • 74 p. sanal mohan 4 Dilemmas of Dalit Agendas: Po liti cal Subjugation and Self- Emancipation in Telugu Country, 1910–50 • 104 chinnaiah jangam 5 Making Sense of Dalit Sikh History • 131 raj kumar hans part ii. Probing the Present 6 The Dalit Reconfiguration of Modernity: Citizens and Castes in the Telugu Public Sphere • 155 k. satyanarayana 7 Questions of Repre sen ta tion in Dalit Critical Discourse: Premchand and Dalit Feminism • 180 laura brueck 8 Social Justice and the Question of Categorization of Scheduled Caste Reservations: The Dandora Debate in Andhra Pradesh • 202 sambaiah gundimeda 9 Caste and Class among the Dalits • 233 d. shyam babu 10 From Zaat to Qaum: Fluid Contours of the Ravi Dasi Identity in Punjab • 248 surinder s. jodhka Bibliography • 271 Contributors • 293 Index • 295 viii • contents AC KNOW LEDG MENTS Dalit studies has recently emerged as a new field of study in India. As we explain in the introduction to this volume, a number of factors have contrib- uted to the rise of this exciting field. Perhaps the most striking is the entry of Dalit intellectuals into academic institutions. Since the late nineteenth century there has been a long tradition of Dalit activist- scholars outside academia. This volume brings a new group of scholars and activist- scholars to academic attention in North Amer i ca and the West more generally. The rise of the field of Dalit studies has been propelled by the emergence of a new generation of Dalit activists and intellectuals since the 1990s. This develop- ment coincided with the discussions of caste inequities in the Indian media and academia. In Indian—or, more broadly, South Asian— academia, histori- cal and anthropological research in the first two de cades of the twenty-firs t century yielded information about previously unacknowledged struggles by Dalit groups, tribal people, women, and other marginal sections of Indian society. This period also coincided with new research in the disciplines of re- ligious and literary studies and in historical and contemporary fields, which further highlighted the role of marginal social groups in sustaining dif er ent forms of devotion and protest. The exciting new research in the past two de cades, especially the rise of Dalit studies and new attention paid to B. R. Ambedkar, also coincided with the formal end of the subaltern studies col- lective. It is in this new exciting moment that Dalit Studies raises a new set of questions, focusing on Dalits as subjects of study and on Dalit studies as a location of marginality to be studied in Indian history. The book seeks to draw attention to the per sis tence of practices that sustain caste inequality and its relationship with the unraveling of modernity in India. The last two hun- dred years of Indian history seems to suggest, as several essays in this volume argue, that commitments to equality can not only coexist, but can be made coeval, with regimes of caste inequality. This volume explores many ofth ese themes. A distinctive feature of the volume is that the contributors to the volume did additional new research and substantially rewrote their essays after presenting them as papers at the Dalit studies conference at the University of Pennsylva- nia in December 2008. The discussants, chairs of sessions, and audience at the conference played a crucial role in asking the right questions and enabling the contributors to further develop their research. The anonymous referees at Duke University Press provided solid feedback to all the contributors by asking insightful questions, which wer e specific but also addressed the overall theme of the volume. The volume introduces a new group of scholars who have addressed the concerns of Dalit studies in dif er ent regions of India. Most contributors to the volume belong to the marginal social groups in India. In- deed, many of us were deeply influenced by the po liti cal and academic debates in the 1990s following the Mandal commission report controversy in 1990. These debates were also shaped by the rapid rise of right-win g Hindu groups following the de mo li tion of the Babri masjid (mosque) in December 1992. We have addressed these concerns in the introduction to the volume. Our objective in writing a definitive introduction was to introduce Dalit studies to a diverse audience. It also provided us with a valuable opportunity to formulate the idea of Dalit studies as a critical location that allows the study of Dalits as marginalized subjects but also ofers a perspective for rein- terpreting Indian society and history. We wrote the introduction together in the fall of 2010 when K. Satyanarayana was a visiting fellow at the Center for the Advanced Study of India (casi) at the University of Pennsylvania. The introduction eventually became a bold statement on our part, motivating us to engage a variety of topics from several disciplines. Recognizing the merit of the introduction, the two anonymous referees of the book’s manuscript for Duke University Press became the most valuable interlocutors with their incisive comments and suggestions. Feedback from them has helped us con- siderably revise and rework parts of the introduction, making it sharper and clearer. Most of the comments by the two referees dealt with the introduction. We would like to thank the participants at the Dalit studies conference, where this volume began its journey. Nearly three hundred people submit- ted proposals for papers to be delivered at the conference. The conference brought together a new group of scholars and was instrumental in creating new friendships and collaborations. We are grateful to those who presented papers at the conference, who in the order of pre sen ta tion there are Nar- endra Jadhav, Chinnaiah Jangam, Gopal Guru, Sanal Mohan, Raj Kumar x • ac know ledg ments Hans, Rupa Viswanath, Sukdeo Thorat, Shailaja Paik, Laura Brueck, Jebroja Singh, Hugo Gorringe, M. S. S. Pandian, Sambaiah Gundimeda, Shyam Babu, Surinder Jodhka, Chandrabhan Prasad and Devesh Kapur, Karthik Muralid- haran, Katherine Newman, and Paul Attewell. We are especially thankful to the discussants at the conference for their valuable time and suggestions: Douglas Haynes, Lucinda Ramberg, Mrinalini Sinha, Sudipto Kaviraj, Steven Wilkinson, and Lant Pritchett. We are also grateful to the chairs at the confer- ence: Priya Joshi, Jamal Elias, Ania Loomba, Atul Kohli, and Gail Omvedt. We are extremely grateful to Barbara Savage and Tufuku Zuberi for participating in the African American and Dalit studies roundtable. This roundtable was another highlight of the conference because it attracted a large audience, nearly ninety people. casi provided substantial financial support for the conference, enabling us to invite a large number of scholars from India. In addition, it provided a small research grant to all contributors. Additional support was provided by the South Asia Center, the Department of South Asian Studies, and the Center for Africana Studies, at the University of Pennsylvania. Over the years we have accumulated boundless debts to friends, colleagues, and institutions, and we made new friends during the course of producing this volume. Most of all, we acknowledge our deep gratitude to Devesh Kapur, di- rector of casi, for his support to the conference and the volume. The confer- ence was his idea. The remarkably professional but kind staf at casi made the conference and the book pos si ble. Their commitment to the conference turned it into a choreographed festival of ideas. Our heartfelt thanks go to Juliana Di Giustini, deputy director of casi and a dynamic leader and person of ideas, who planned and executed the entire conference when Ramnarayan Rawat was in India on sabbatical. We are also very grateful to Tanya Carey, admin- istrative coordinator, for managing the conference with so much ease and a smile. Alan Atchison, the online editor and expert, was always around and ready with answers to our numerous questions. Our thanks go to Tan- maya Nanda. Several Penn undergraduates who worked part- time at casi con- tributed im mensely to the success of the conference. They include Katherine Maughan, Rahul Reddy, and Yashas Vaidya, all of the class of 2009. Thanks are also due to Maisha Philips and Paola Campos at South Asia Center.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Philosophy and the Black Panthers
    Philosophy and the Black Panthers Howard Caygill The vanguard party only teaches the correct sustained and deliberate campaign of defamation con- methods of resistance. ducted in the third person. In the early hours of the Huey P. Newton, 1967 morning of 22 October 1989 Newton was gunned down ‘Hey Joe! How many of you motherfuckers are coming in West Oakland. His assassin remembered his last out here?’ ‘Here’ was Santa Rita Jail, California, words, ‘You can kill my body, but you can’t kill my early morning, Thursday 3 December 1964. ‘Joe’ was soul. My soul will live forever’, but he didn’t realize the Joe Blum, a student radical, and the accompanying significance of this last of Newton’s many paraphrases ‘motherfuckers’ were the 814 students who had been of Plato’s Phaedo, which describes Socrates’ last hours arrested for occupying Berkeley the day before in on death row in ancient Athens. support of the Free Speech and, indirectly, Civil Rights Much earlier, back in 1970, some representatives of movements. The prisoner who greeted Joe Blum was the Black Panthers visited Jean Genet in Paris asking Huey P. Newton, then in jail for felonious assault. The for solidarity; he replied that he was prepared to travel friendship of Blum and Newton was a cameo for the to the USA immediately. His subsequent public state- brief alliance of white radicals and black militants ments in support of the Panthers are collected in his in the wake of the civil rights struggle. Both were book The Declared Enemy: Texts and Interviews, but students at Oakland City College in 1961 and, on that it is in his last book, Prisoner of Love (1986), that he morning in the bus at Santa Rita, Blum was struck proposed a methodology for understanding their strug- by Newton remembering him.
    [Show full text]
  • 403 Little Magazines in India and Emergence of Dalit
    Volume: II, Issue: III ISSN: 2581-5628 An International Peer-Reviewed Open GAP INTERDISCIPLINARITIES - Access Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies LITTLE MAGAZINES IN INDIA AND EMERGENCE OF DALIT LITERATURE Dr. Preeti Oza St. Andrew‘s College Mumbai University [email protected] INTRODUCTION As encyclopaedia Britannica defines: ―Little Magazine is any of various small, usually avant-garde periodicals devoted to serious literary writings.‖ The name signifies most of all a usually non-commercial manner of editing, managing, and financing. They were published from 1880 through much of the 20th century and flourished in the U.S. and England, though French and German writers also benefited from them. HISTORY Literary magazines or ‗small magazines‘ are traced back in the UK since the 1800s. Americas had North American Review (founded in 1803) and the Yale Review(1819). In the 20th century: Poetry Magazine, published in Chicago from 1912, has grown to be one of the world‘s most well-regarded journals. The number of small magazines rapidly increased when the th independent Printing Press originated in the mid 20 century. Small magazines also encouraged substantial literary influence. It provided a very good space for the marginalised, the new and the uncommon. And that finally became the agenda of all small magazines, no matter where in the world they are published: To promote literature — in a broad, all- encompassing sense of the word — through poetry, short fiction, essays, book reviews, literary criticism and biographical profiles and interviews of authors. Little magazines heralded a change in literary sensibility and in the politics of literary taste. They also promoted alternative perspectives to politics, culture, and society.
    [Show full text]
  • (Motor Driver) on 04.09.2016
    Venue-wise list of eligible candidates for the written test for the post of Technician / Technician (Motor Driver) on 04.09.2016 Easo Bhavan, Ernakulam 1. Roll No 280170123 Mylapalli Anil, D.No.16-13-7, Kotha Jalaripeta, Visakhaptnam-530001 2. Roll No 280170124 Lotla Venkata Ramana, D.No. 32-3-28, Mahalakshmi street, Bowdara Road, Visakhapatnam-530004 3. Roll No 280170125 Ganta Nagireddy, D.No. 31-23-3, Simhaladevudu street, Allipuram, Visakhaptnam-530004 4. Roll No 280170126 Lotla Padmavathi, W/o. G. Nagireddy, D.No. 31-23-3, Simhaladevudu street, Allipuram, Visakhaptnam-530004 5. Roll No 280170127 SERU GOPINADH Pallepalem Ramayapatnam Vulavapadu(m) Prakasham (d), AP-523291 6. Roll No280180001 Ram Naresh Meena Vill Post Samidhi Teh. Nainina, Dist - Bundi State Rajasthan – 323801 7. Roll No280180002 Harikeshmeena Vill Post-Samidhi Teh.Nainwa, Dist - Bundi Rajastan – 323801 8. Roll No280180003 Sabiq N.M Noor Mahal Kavaratti, Lakshadweep 682555 9. Roll No280180004 K Pau Biak Lun Zenhanglamka, Old Bazar Lt. Street, CCPur, P.O. P.S. Manipur State -795128 10. Roll No280180005 Athira T.G. Thevarkuzhiyil (H) Pazhayarikandom P.O. Idukki – 685606 11. Roll No280180006 P Sree Ram Naik S/o P. Govinda Naik Pedapally (V)Puttapathy Anantapur- 517325 12. Roll No280180007 Amulya Toppo Kokkar Tunki Toli P.O. Bariatu Dist - Ranchi Jharkhand – 834009 13. Roll No280180008 Prakash Kumar A-1/321 Madhu Vihar Uttam Nagar Newdelhi – 110059 14. Roll No280180009 Rajesh Kumar Meena VPO Barwa Tehsil Bassi Dist Jaipur Rajasthan – 303305 15. Roll No280180010 G Jayaraj Kumar Shivalayam Nivas Mannipady Top P.O. Ramdas Nagar Kasargod 671124 16. Roll No280180011 Naseefahsan B Beathudeen (H) Agatti Island Lakshasweep 17.
    [Show full text]
  • The Socio-Economic Underpinnings of Vaikam Sathyagraha in Travancore
    © 2019 JETIR June 2019, Volume 6, Issue 6 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) Colonialism, Social Reform and Social Change : The Socio-Economic underpinnings of Vaikam Sathyagraha in Travancore Dr. Subhash. S Asst. Professor Department of History Government College , Nedumangadu Thiruvanathapuram, Kerala. Abstract Vaikam Sathyagraha was a notable historical event in the history of Travancore. It was a part of antiuntouchability agitation initiated by Indian National Congress in 1924. In Travancore the Sathyagraha was led by T.K.Madhavan. Various historical factors influenced the Sathyagraha. The social structure of Travancore was organised on the basis of cast prejudices and obnoxious caste practices. The feudal economic system emerged in the medieval period was the base of such a society. The colonial penetration and the expansion of capitalism destroyed feudalism in Travancore. The change in the structure of economy naturally changed the social structure. It was in this context so many social and political movements emerged in Travancore. One of the most important social movements was Vaikam Sathyagraha. The British introduced free trade and plantations in Travancore by the second half of nineteenth century. Though it helped the British Government to exploit the economy of Travancore, it gave employment opportunity to so many people who belonged to Avarna caste. More over lower castes like the Ezhavas,Shannars etc. economically empowered through trade and commerce during this period. These economically empowered people were denied of basic rights like education, mobility, employment in public service etc. So they started social movements. A number of social movements emerged in Travancore in the nineteenth century and the first half of twentieth century.
    [Show full text]
  • E-Digest on Ambedkar's Appropriation by Hindutva Ideology
    Ambedkar’s Appropriation by Hindutva Ideology An E-Digest Compiled by Ram Puniyani (For Private Circulation) Center for Study of Society and Secularism & All India Secular Forum 602 & 603, New Silver Star, Behind BEST Bus Depot, Santacruz (E), Mumbai: - 400 055. E-mail: [email protected], www.csss-isla.com Page | 1 E-Digest - Ambedkar’s Appropriation by Hindutva Ideology Preface Many a debates are raging in various circles related to Ambedkar’s ideology. On one hand the RSS combine has been very active to prove that RSS ideology is close to Ambedkar’s ideology. In this direction RSS mouth pieces Organizer (English) and Panchjanya (Hindi) brought out special supplements on the occasion of anniversary of Ambedkar, praising him. This is very surprising as RSS is for Hindu nation while Ambedkar has pointed out that Hindu Raj will be the biggest calamity for dalits. The second debate is about Ambedkar-Gandhi. This came to forefront with Arundhati Roy’s introduction to Ambedkar’s ‘Annihilation of Caste’ published by Navayana. In her introduction ‘Doctor and the Saint’ Roy is critical of Gandhi’s various ideas. This digest brings together some of the essays and articles by various scholars-activists on the theme. Hope this will help us clarify the underlying issues. Ram Puniyani (All India Secular Forum) Mumbai June 2015 Page | 2 E-Digest - Ambedkar’s Appropriation by Hindutva Ideology Contents Page No. Section A Ambedkar’s Legacy and RSS Combine 1. Idolatry versus Ideology 05 By Divya Trivedi 2. Top RSS leader misquotes Ambedkar on Untouchability 09 By Vikas Pathak 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Religion, Freedom and Escape of Women in African American and Indian
    Koshy 1 Spice Sisters: Religion, Freedom and Escape of Women in African American and Indian Literatures A Thesis Submitted to The Faculty of the School Of Communication In Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Arts in English By Lovely Koshy 3 May 2013 Koshy 2 Liberty University School of Communication Master of Arts in English _______________________________________________________________________ Thesis Chair Date Yaw Adu-Gyamfi, Ph.D. ______________________________________________________________________ First Reader Date Mark Schmidt, Ph.D. _______________________________________________________________________ Second Reader Date Clive McClelland, Ph. D. Koshy 3 Special Thanks to . My husband, Denny Koshy, for putting up with my strange schedules, stressful days, and cheering me on My children, Jonathan, David, Ruth and Jerusalem-Rose, for providing comic relief daily My parents, who coincidentally also celebrated fifty years in the ministry, for their legacy Dr. Yaw, for hours devoted to helping me present a holistic argument Family and friends, for prayers, support, and encouragement Koshy 4 Table of Contents Introduction: Spice Sisters: Religion, Freedom and Escape of Women in African American and Indian Literatures …………………………. ………………………………………….……...5 Chapter One: Amen, Sister! Religious Matriarch in Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun ………..............25 Chapter Two: Spicy Women in Tagore’s Short Stories……………………………………….…....…..38 Chapter Three: Hansberry and Tagore: Spice in Social Activism………………………………………..52 Chapter Four: Savoring the Spice through Hansberry and Tagore…………………. ……………….....67 Works Cited………………………………………………………………………….…..81 Koshy 5 Introduction Spice Sisters: Religion, Freedom, and Escape of Women in African American and Indian Literatures “When the world gets ugly enough – a woman will do anything for her family.” – Mama in A Raisin in the Sun . Lorraine Hansberry and Rabindranath Tagore are two authors whose contribution to literature goes beyond their giftedness as writers.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    Volume 02 :: Issue 01 April 2021 A Global Journal ISSN 2639-4928 CASTE on Social Exclusion brandeis.edu/j-caste PERSPECTIVES ON EMANCIPATION EDITORIAL AND INTRODUCTION “I Can’t Breathe”: Perspectives on Emancipation from Caste Laurence Simon ARTICLES A Commentary on Ambedkar’s Posthumously Published Philosophy of Hinduism - Part II Rajesh Sampath Caste, The Origins of Our Discontents: A Historical Reflection on Two Cultures Ibrahim K. Sundiata Fracturing the Historical Continuity on Truth: Jotiba Phule in the Quest for Personhood of Shudras Snehashish Das Documenting a Caste: The Chakkiliyars in Colonial and Missionary Documents in India S. Gunasekaran Manual Scavenging in India: The Banality of an Everyday Crime Shiva Shankar and Kanthi Swaroop Hate Speech against Dalits on Social Media: Would a Penny Sparrow be Prosecuted in India for Online Hate Speech? Devanshu Sajlan Indian Media and Caste: of Politics, Portrayals and Beyond Pranjali Kureel ‘Ambedkar’s Constitution’: A Radical Phenomenon in Anti-Caste Discourse? Anurag Bhaskar, Bluestone Rising Scholar 2021 Award Caste-ing Space: Mapping the Dynamics of Untouchability in Rural Bihar, India Indulata Prasad, Bluestone Rising Scholar 2021 Award Caste, Reading-habits and the Incomplete Project of Indian Democracy Subro Saha, Bluestone Rising Scholar Honorable Mention 2021 Clearing of the Ground – Ambedkar’s Method of Reading Ankit Kawade, Bluestone Rising Scholar Honorable Mention 2021 Caste and Counselling Psychology in India: Dalit Perspectives in Theory and Practice Meena Sawariya, Bluestone Rising Scholar Honorable Mention 2021 FORUM Journey with Rural Identity and Linguicism Deepak Kumar Drawing on paper; 35x36 cm; Savi Sawarkar 35x36 cm; Savi on paper; Drawing CENTER FOR GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT + SUSTAINABILITY THE HELLER SCHOOL AT BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY CASTE A GLOBAL JOURNAL ON SOCIAL EXCLUSION PERSPECTIVES ON EMANCIPATION VOLUME 2, ISSUE 1 JOINT EDITORS-IN-CHIEF Laurence R.
    [Show full text]
  • Fuzzy and Neutrosophic Analysis of Periyar's Views
    FUZZY AND NEUTROSOPHIC ANALYSIS OF PERIYAR’S VIEWS ON UNTOUCHABILITY W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy Florentin Smarandache K. Kandasamy Translation of the speeches and writings of Periyar from Tamil by Meena Kandasamy November 2005 FUZZY AND NEUTROSOPHIC ANALYSIS OF PERIYAR’S VIEWS ON UNTOUCHABILITY W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy e-mail: [email protected] web: http://mat.iitm.ac.in/~wbv Florentin Smarandache e-mail: [email protected] K. Kandasamy e-mail: [email protected] Translation of the speeches and writings of Periyar from Tamil by Meena Kandasamy November 2005 2 Dedicated to Periyar CONTENTS Preface 5 Chapter One BASIC NOTION OF FCMs, FRMs, NCMs AND NRMS 1.1 Definition of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps 9 1.2 Fuzzy Cognitive Maps – Properties and Models 13 1.3 Fuzzy Relational Maps 18 1.4 An Introduction to Neutrosophy and some Neutrosophic algebraic structures 22 1.5 Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps 27 1.6 Neutrosophic Relational Maps — Definition with Examples 31 Chapter Two UNTOUCHABILITY: PERIYAR’S VIEW AND PRESENT DAY SITUATION A FUZZY AND NEUTROSOPHIC ANALYSIS 2.1 Analysis of untouchability due to Hindu religion using FCMs and NCMs 43 2.2 Analysis of discrimination faced by Dalits/ Sudras in the field of education as untouchables using FCMs and NCMs 58 2.3 Social inequality faced by Dalits and some of the most backward classes - an analysis using FCM and NCM 66 4 2.4 Problems faced by Dalits in the political arena due to discrimination – a FCM and NCM analysis 75 2.5 Study of Economic Status of Dalits due to untouchability using fuzzy and neutrosophic
    [Show full text]
  • Temple Entry Movement for Depressed Class in South Travancore [Kanyakumari] Prathika
    Prathika. S al. International Journal of Institutional & Industrial Research ISSN: 2456-1274, Vol. 3, Issue 1, Jan-April 2018, pp.4-7 Temple Entry Movement for Depressed Class in South Travancore [Kanyakumari] Prathika. S Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of History and Research Centre, S.T. Hindu College, Nagercoil 629002. Abstract: The four Tamil speaking taluks of Kanyakumari Dist viz;Agasteeswaram, Thovalai, Kalkulam and Vilavancode consisted the erst while South Tavancore. Among the various religions, Hinduism is the predominant one constituting about two third of the total population. The important Hindu temples found in Kanyakumari District are at Kanyakumari, Suchindrum, Kumarakoil,Nagercoil, Thiruvattar and Padmanabhapuram. The village God like Madan,Isakki, Sasta are worshipped by the Hindus. The people of South Travancore segregated and lived on the basis of caste. The whole population could be classified as Avarnas or Caste Hindus and Savarnas or non-caste people. The Savarnas such as Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Sudras who enjoyed special powers and privileges of wealth constituted the higher castes. The Avarnas viz the Nadars, Ezhavas, Mukkuvas, Sambavars, Pulayas and numerous hill tribes were considered as the polluting castes and were looked down on and had to perform various services for the Savarnas . Avarnas were not allowed in public places, temples, and the temple roads also. Low caste people or Avarnas were considered as untouchable people. Untouchability, one of the major debilities prevailed among the lower order of the society in South Travancore caused an indelible impact on the society. Keywords: Temple Entry Movement, Depressed Class, Kanyakumari reformers against that oppressive activities.
    [Show full text]
  • Htts-Newsletter-Fina
    WINTER 2012 Bhakti patra First Hindu Temple in White Plains coming soon! A group of dedicated and determined Hindu citizens of our community have come together with a vision and a dream of building a unifying monument to our traditions – right here in the heart of Westchester! This dream Hindu Temple of Tristates has grown to reality and has culminated in the purchase of a Bhoomi Pooja pristine parcel of land to construct Westchester dignitaries applaud and welcome the Hindu Temple of Tristates. The property, located at our temple in Westchester! rd 390 North Street in White Plains is Saturday, October 23 was a very momentous day for all Hindus 1.75 acres of flat landscaped land in Westchester! The Trustees of the Hindu Temple of Tristates that is already zoned for religious along with more than 70 dedicated volunteers organized the buildings. Bhoomi Pooja for land, which will be the home of our Temple. The occasion was graced by more than 500 people! Dignitaries that included Hon. Mayor Amicone of Yonkers, County Executive Robert Astorino, Hon. Mayor Tom M. Roach of White Plains, Mayor Joseph Delfino, and many others attended the Pooja and applauded and welcomed the addition of this monument in the heart of Westchester. Mayor Amicone and County Exec. Robert Astorino also presented the Trustees with Proclamations commemorating the occasion! Visit our Facebook page at: http://www.facebook.com/pages/Hindu-Temple-of- Tristates/207947092572092 to view the proclamations and photographs from this day. WINTER 2012 BHAKTIBhakti PATRApatra WINTER 2012 LEAVE A LEGACY FOR YOUR LOVED ONES! Please complete the above form along with a check made out to “Hindu Temple of Tristates” and mail to 77 Knollwood Rd., White Plains, NY 10607.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Historical and Archaeological Research, CIJHAR Volume V, Number 18, April-June 2016, ISSN 2277-4157 Dr
    1 1 Representation of Saivism In Indian Culture And Archaeology *Dr. Mohan Lal Chadhar Abstract Saivism has been a dominant religion in India from ancient times. This has led to the popularization of this religion which in turn produced a huge Saiva literature whereby the stories of siva became popular. This attracted the attention of the architects and sculptors to a great extent and from this developed a Saiva tradition in Indian art. In fact by the sheer number of temples alone, one would easily be impressed by the array of beautiful Siva temples, sculptural panels of Siva and Lingas. The archaeological vestiges are preserved in various forms in India. They indicate wide spread of Saivism in this vast region du.ring the ancient and medieval periods. Saivism is perhaps the oldest known religion in India. Archaeologists have tried to trace its antiquity from the Indus civilization. Sir John Marshall has identified the human figure seated in ‘kurmasana’ pose surrounded by animals with Siva- Pasupati.1The Vedic deity “rudra” represented the elements of irresistible force. Yaska and some other early Vedic commentators have identified Rudra with Agni, the destructive force.2 In the Rig-Vedais mentioning “sisnadeva”. Saivismthrough the ages forms an essential part of the cultural history of India while religion has been the continuing framework and urge of her daily life.Religious ecstasy and urge has been behind the efflorescence of the variegated art styles of central India.Tryambaka, used for Siva in the later texts, originally stood for Parmatma, the supreme deity. Goddess Ambika, who is later on recognized as the consort of Siva, is mentioned as the sister of Rudra.3 Depiction of lord Siva in art tradition is age old.
    [Show full text]
  • Deo Shri Bikram Keshari,Jalappa Shri RL,Jha
    11/12/2018 Fourteenth Loksabha Session : 7 Date : 09-03-2006 Participants : Deo Shri Bikram Keshari,Jalappa Shri R.L.,Jha Shri Raghunath,Kathiria Dr. Vallabhbhai,Krishnan Dr. C.,Mahato Shri Bir Sing,Mandal Shri Sanat Kumar,Shaheen Shri Abdul Rashid,Shakya Shri Raghuraj Singh,Singh Dr. Ram Lakhan,Suman Shri Ramji Lal,Swain Shri M.A. Kharabela,Varma Shri Ratilal Kalidas,Yerrannaidu Shri Kinjarapu,Athithan Shri Dhanuskodi,Jai Parkash Shri ,Chavda Shri Harisinh,Mallikarjunaiah Shri S.,Singh Shri Mohan,Azmi Shri Iliyas,Barq Shri Shafiqur Rahman,Kharventhan Shri Salarapatty Kuppusamy,Sharma Dr. Arvind,Veerendra Kumar Shri M. P.,Yadav Shri Ram Kripal,Reddy Shri Suravaram Sudhakar,Satpathy Shri Tathagata,Yadav Shri Sita Ram,Rijiju Shri Kiren,Gao Shri Tapir,Reddy Shri Karunakara G.,Gowda Shri D.V. Sadananda,Madhwaraj Smt. Manorama,Channappa Shri Kunnur Manjunath,Moghe Shri Krishna Murari,Khanna Shri Avinash Rai,Lagadapati Shri Rajagopal,Nikhil Kumar Shri ,Thummar Shri Virjibhai,Patel Shri Jivabhai Ambalal,Jindal Shri Naveen,Chander Kumar Shri ,Meinya Dr. Thokchom,Rana Shri Gurjeet Singh,Aaron Rashid Shri J.M.,Narbula Shri Dawa,Gandhi Shri Rahul,Shivanna Shri M,Vinod Kumar Shri B.,Owaisi Shri Asaduddin,Pathak Shri Brajesh,Wangyuh Shri W.,Munshiram Shri ,Mufti Ms. Mehbooba,Bose Shri Subrata,Ravichandran Shri A.,Ramadass Prof. M.,Dhillon Shri Sharanjit Singh,Pookunhikoya Dr. P.,Panda Shri Brahmananda,Singh Shri Sugrib,Sugavanam Shri E.G.,Singh Shri Sitaram,Mehta Shri Alok Kumar,Vijay Krishna Shri ,Paswan Shri Virchandra,Budholiya Shri Rajnarayan,Babu Rao Shri Mediyam,Satheedevi Smt. P.,Manoj Dr. K.S.,Bellarmin Shri A.V.,Singh Shri Manvendra,Charenamai Shri Mani,Fanthome Shri Francis ,Hooda Mr.
    [Show full text]