Bike Criterium Memo

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Bike Criterium Memo City of Pleasant Hill M E M O R A N D U M TO: Economic Development Committee FROM: Kelly Calhoun, Economic Development Manager Martin Nelis, Public Information Officer DATE: November 14, 2013 SUBJECT: Initial Research on Bike Criterium or Vintage Motorcycle/Car Show At the July 25, 2013 Economic Development Committee meeting there was discussion related to the possibility of a City hosted bike Criterium or Vintage Motorcycle/Car Show. The Economic Development Committee requested that staff explore the feasibility of this type of an event and report back to the Committee. Staff has met with committee member Abbott on a couple of occasions to discuss the feasibility and public benefits related to events of this type. We have also spoken with Matt Larson, a bike race organizer and member of the NorCal/Nevada Cycling Association (NCNCA), one of the largest cycling organizations in the Nation. Matt provided us with an overview of a Criterium and what would likely be required from a public agency as a partner in this type of an event. First and foremost is the timing of the event and the amount of lead time that it would take to get on the race events calendar. Matt suggested that we might want to consider a race in 2015 as it takes at least 16-18 months in lead time to get on calendar and organize and promote the event. Matt indicated that often a particular race team can serve as an event organizer (and he is willing to do this) to obtain the necessary permits to have the event sanctioned by USA Cycling. Typically in order for the event to be sanctioned the City would need to guarantee a closed course race, meaning that public streets would need to be closed for the race events. Public streets that were used as the race course would be closed for the majority of one day beginning early in the morning and re-opening in the afternoon. The City would also be responsible for public safety and traffic control of the race course. Matt also commented that in order to draw participation to the event prize money is offered, typically through sponsors and racers typically look for courses that provide some element of interest and challenge (read turns and hill climbs here). We have identified a couple of potential courses that might work and that would bring the event close to Downtown but not impact access to a large number of businesses. Additional research and vetting of an appropriate course would be required and would need to be reviewed by event organizer and approved by the NCNCA. Bike Criterium 11/14/2013 – Page 2 A Vintage Motorcyle/Car Show is another event that would require the closing of a public street but on a much smaller scale. For instance this type of an event could be held on Crescent Drive in the Downtown and use the same footprint as the street closure for the Art, Jazz & Wine Festival. This is also an event that requires a significant amount of lead time for calendaring, organizing and planning. In our “brainstorming” discussions we talked about the possibility of an event that could include an evening dinner/dance type function in order to draw more visitors to the City and to our hotels for overnight stays. We discussed City Hall as a possible venue and the Downtown Plaza Area as another venue for a dinner/dance event. The Vintage Motorcycle/Car Show could be held the following day on a Saturday/Sunday Both of these types of events would be examples of good collaborative projects that could involve partnerships with the Chamber of Commerce and Pleasant Hill Recreation & Park District, as well as Downtown Pleasant Hill. However, prior to making a decision or recommending this type of an event for approval by the City Council it would be important to talk with other municipalities that have experience in these events to determine the actual public benefits. Matt did indicate that a past event in the City of Benicia was well received and supported by the cyclists as a great event venue but was not supported by merchants in Downtown Benicia because of the interruptions to business access created by the event. It may also be important to solicit public input as several residential areas and businesses could be impacted specifically for an event like a Criterium. Cost estimates for these events have not yet been determined but would typically involve a level of participation (for a Vintage Motorcyle/Car Show) from the City that would be similar to our participation for the Art, Jazz & Wine Festival and the Light Up The Night Event in Downtown. The City’s level of participation for a Criterium, however, could require a significantly higher level of staff resources for both coordination and closure of the public streets, event safety and logistics and promotions. Attached is additional information explaining in more detail a Criterium or short course bike race. A criterium, or crit, is a bike race held on a short course (usually less than 1 mile), often run on closed-off city center streets. Collegiate cyclists take a tight downhill corner in the Boston Beanpot Criterium at Tufts University Race length can be determined by a number of laps or total time, in which case the number of remaining laps is calculated as the race progresses. Generally the event's duration (commonly one hour) is shorter than that of a traditional road race — which can last many hours, sometimes over the course of several days or even weeks, as in a Grand Tour. However, the average speed and intensity are appreciably higher. The winner is the first rider to cross the finish line without having been "lapped." Events often have prizes (called primes, pronounced "preems", and are usually cash) for winning specific intermediate laps (for instance, every 10th lap). A bell is usually rung to announce to the riders that whoever wins the next lap, wins the prime. Success in road criteriums requires a mix of good technical skills — in particular, the ability to corner smoothly while "holding your line" on the road, as well as rapidly and sharply — and riding safely with a large group on a short circuit and exceptional "sprint" ability to attack other riders and repeatedly accelerate hard from corners. Criteriums are relatively easy to organize, do not require a large amount of space, and are good for live spectators as they allow them to see the riders pass by many times. They are the most common type of bicycle racing in the continental United States. They are also gaining popularity as a format for mountain bike events. Flanders (Belgium) hosts a number of criteriums, as does the Netherlands. The most notable of these are held just after the Tour de France. However, criteriums in Europe are mostly held in the format of a points-race. First, second, and third rider at every 5th lap gets 3, 2, 1 points respectively (with double points at final endsprint). It was a long tradition that after the Tour these criteriums were fixed to have favourable results for local favorites, who may be participating for show after having ridden in a larger race (for example, the Tour de France). What goes down?...In the early laps, when the pace is not so high, they will let a local favourite go to please the crowd. Meanwhile, the rest of the peloton will grimace in pain as though they are giving it everything to chase the local rider down, eventually succeeding at a (perceived) huge cost of energy. These guys can ride criteriums at over 50 km/h if they want, so the speed doesn't have to be that low to make it look good for the public.[1] .
Recommended publications
  • City of Casey Sport Cycling Strategy Final Report June 2014
    City of Casey Sport Cycling Strategy Final Report June 2014 ŽƌĞŶŐĂůŽŶƐƵůƟŶŐ PO Box 260 Carnegie VIC 3165 City of Casey – Sports Cycling Strategy CONTENTS 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Project Background ..................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Project Aims and Objectives ....................................................................................... 4 1.3 Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................... 5 1.4 Cycling Definitions....................................................................................................... 5 2*5*2 )**************************************************************************************************************************6 2*5*3 #)**************************************************************************************************************************6 2*5*4 ,) % # $$-*****************************************************************************************************7 2*5*5 &%********************************************************************************************************************7 2*5*6 ) +# $$****************************************************************************************************************************7 2*5*7 & (#$*****************************************************************************************************7 2 Social
    [Show full text]
  • ROAD RACES Version on 10.06.2021
    UCI CYCLING REGULATIONS PART 2 ROAD RACES Version on 10.06.2021 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Preamble ................................................................................................................ 3 Chapter I CALENDAR AND PARTICIPATION........................................................ 3 Chapter II GENERAL PROVISIONS .......................................................................10 § 1 Participation ........................................................................................................ 10 § 2 Organisation ....................................................................................................... 14 § 3 Race procedure .................................................................................................. 19 § 4 Circulation during the race .................................................................................. 24 § 5 Press specifications (N) ...................................................................................... 25 § 6 Guides, Guidelines and Terms of reference for organisers ................................. 33 § 7 Technical delegate .............................................................................................. 33 § 8 Team managers’ meeting ................................................................................... 34 Chapter III ONE-DAY RACES ..................................................................................35 Chapter IV INDIVIDUAL TIME TRIALS ....................................................................50
    [Show full text]
  • 2021 UCI ROAD Calendar - InteracVe Version Coming… 18.11.2020
    2021 UCI ROAD Calendar - Interac5ve version coming… 18.11.2020 Date From Date To Name Country Cat. Class WebSite 15/11/2020 16/11/2020 Na5onal Road Championships - Venezuela (2020) BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELACN www,instagram.com/fvciclismo 21/11/2020 21/11/2020 Elite Road Central American Championships - ME - ITTPANAMA ME 1.2 hUp://fepaci.com.pa/ 21/11/2020 21/11/2020 Elite Road Central American Championships - WE - ITTPANAMA WE 1.2 hUp://fepaci.com.pa/ 21/11/2020 21/11/2020 Na5onal Road Championships - Israel (IRR) ISRAEL CN 21/11/2020 21/11/2020 Na5onal Road Championships - Israel (IRR - WE) ISRAEL CN 15/11/2020 22/11/2020 Na5onal Road Championships - El Salvador EL SALVADOR CN www.fsc.org.sv 18/11/2020 22/11/2020 Grand Prix Chantal Biya CAMEROON ME 2.2 22/11/2020 22/11/2020 Elite Road Central American Championships - WE - IRRPANAMA WE 1.2 hUp://fepaci.com.pa/ 22/11/2020 22/11/2020 Elite Road Central American Championships - ME - IRRPANAMA ME 1.2 hUp://fepaci.com.pa/ 23/11/2020 28/11/2020 Vuelta Ciclista al Ecuador ECUADOR ME 2.2 ECUADOR 02/12/2020 05/12/2020 Championnats Na5onaux Route - Algérie (2020) ALGERIA CN www.fac.dz 05/12/2020 06/12/2020 Na5onal Road Championships - Brasil BRAZIL CN www.cbc.esp.br 11/12/2020 13/12/2020 Championnats Na5onaux Route - Maroc MOROCCO CN 12/12/2020 13/12/2020 Na5onal Road Championships - Paraguay (2020) PARAGUAY CN Fpc.org.py 13/01/2021 17/01/2021 New Zealand Cycle Classic NEW ZEALAND ME 2.2 www.cycletournz.com 23/01/2021 23/01/2021 Gravel and Tar Classic NEW ZEALAND ME 1.2 www.gravelandtar.com
    [Show full text]
  • USA Cycling Has Created This Document to Assist You with the Design and Creation of Your Jersey
    FAQ - National Championship Jersey Welcome National Champion: As a National Champion, there are certain rights and obligations regarding the national champion’s uniform. USA Cycling has created this document to assist you with the design and creation of your jersey. Your National Championship Jersey: Your National Champion’s jersey can be worn as is. Your National Champion’s jersey is a symbol of you, USA Cycling and the United States. It should be recognizable to both the general public and those involved in the sport. Having a National Champion at an event is exciting for a race organizer, spectators and your fellow competitors. Rights Duties and Responsibilities: Following are simple guidelines that allow everyone to recognize you and your accomplishments. Jerseys are regulated by both USA Cycling and the UCI. For those champions competing in UCI events or events run under UCI regulations, those rules will take precedence. You’ll see the important regulations highlighted below. Design Approval Required: The following National Champion classes must follow USA Cycling’s UCI registered design guidelines when creating customized jerseys Elite Men U23 Women Junior Men 17-18 Elite Women U23 Men Junior Women 17-18 Jerseys must be submitted to USA Cycling as a PDF document to Randy Shafer, Technical Director, [email protected]. If you are creating a design for your team or club with sponsorship, USA Cycling has created a template for this jersey that is registered with the UCI. The key design elements of blue field and white stars with red and white vertical stripes are critical. Use of the attached template is allowed and encouraged.
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 Redlands Bicycle Classic
    2019 REDLANDS BICYCLE CLASSIC FIVE STAGE INVITATIONAL MEN PRO, 1 USA CYCLING PRO ROAD TOUR EVENT HOSTED BY REDLANDS BICYCLE CLASSIC, INC. A not-for-profit public benefit corporation, The City of REDLANDS And TEAM REDLANDS CITRUS VALLEY VELO Host cycling teams UNDER THE REGULATIONS OF USA CYCLING USAC Permit #2019-475 MARCH 13 – MARCH 17, 2019 2019 REDLANDS BICYCLE CLASSIC MEN'S TECHNICAL GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS WELCOME TO THE 35th EDITION OF THE REDLANDS BICYCLE CLASSIC ............................................... 3 2019 REDLANDS BICYCLE CLASSIC ORGANIZING COMMITTEE ............................................................. 4 PRIOR WINNERS, INDIVIDUAL & TEAM CLASSIFICATION ......................................................................... 5 STAGE CALENDAR, MEN’S PRO, 1 .............................................................................................................. 6 VENUE MAP .................................................................................................................................................. 7 GENERAL INFORMATION ............................................................................................................................. 8 REGISTRATION & PARTICIPATION PROCEDURES ................................................................................... 11 GENERAL AND POINTS CLASSIFICATIONS ............................................................................................... 13 2019 REDLANDS CLASSIC MEN'S PRIZE LIST ........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Extended Start List 拡張スタートリスト / Liste De Départ Détaillée
    Fuji International Speedway Cycling Road 富士スピードウェイ 自転車競技(ロード) / Cyclisme sur route Fuji International Speedway Men's Individual Time Trial 男子個人タイムトライアル / Contre-la-montre individuel - hommes WED 28 JUL 2021 Start Time 14:00 Extended Start List 拡張スタートリスト / Liste de départ détaillée Race Distance 44.2Km Race NOC Group Start Time Number Name Code Date of Birth 1 14:00:00 39 WAIS Ahmad Badreddin EOR 15 JAN 1991 First-time Olympian. Finished 55th at 2020 WCh, 50th in 2019, 53rd in 2018, 60th in 2017. Placed 9th at 2019 Asian Ch. In 2014, he escaped the conflict in Syrian Arab Republic. 'Cycling is very important in my life and I am thankful for it. It allows me to forget all the hard times, like the war, and also having to leave my country and travel very far away from home.' 14:01:30 38 SAFARZADEH Saeid IRI 21 SEP 1985 Gold at 2019 NCh, bronze in 2021, 5th in 2018 and 2014, 8th in 2016 and 2005, 9th in 2015, 11th in 2011, 15th in 2010. In other events - DNF in road race at 2020 OG, gold in road race at 2021, 2019, 2018 NCh. 14:03:00 37 LAGAB Azzedine ALG 18 SEP 1986 Finished 9th at 2019 African Games. Bronze at 2010 African Ch, 9th in 2021 and 2015, 7th in 2019 and 2018, 5th in 2013, 4th in 2011. Seven-time national champion in 2021, 2018, 2016, 2014, 2012, 2011 and 2008. Bronze at 2011 PanArab Games and All Africa Games. He speaks three different languages: Arabic, English and French.
    [Show full text]
  • 2011 USA Cycling Rulebook Printed Version 041211.Pdf
    Welcome! On behalf of USA Cycling, we hope that you are looking forward to a new year of bike racing. We are glad that you are a member and hope that you will find many opportunities to enjoy bike racing of all kinds. Good luck with your racing! 2011 Election Calendar 4/1 Nomination notices published online by this date 7/1 Nominations for Trustees received by USA Cycling no later than this date 7/15 Balloting available through membership accounts for internet voting on the USA Cycling website. Hard copy ballots will also be mailed to members who request them 8/15 Members to have completed online voting. Mailed or faxed ballots received by the Ballot Clerk no later than this date This Rulebook is published by USA Cycling. It is organized as follows: Chapter 1 – Administrative Issues and General Regulations Chapter 2 – Track Chapter 3 – Road Chapter 4 – Stage Racing Chapter 5 – Cyclocross Chapter 6 – Mountain Bike Chapter 7 – Collegiate (including collegiate championships) Chapter 8 – Road and Track Championships Chapter 9 – MTB Championships Chapter 10 – Records Chapter 11 – Gran Fondo (online only) Appendices Changes in regulations since last year are printed in red italics to make them more visible. Copies may be downloaded from the USAC website at www.usacycling.org. Officials are sent a hard copy. Other members may request a hard copy by sending a self-addressed mailing label and note that says "rulebook" to the address below: USA Cycling Attn: Technical Director 210 USA Cycling Point, Suite 100 Colorado Springs, CO 80919 Schedule of fees, complete USA Cycling Bylaws, Records, and Results of National Championships may be found online at www.usacycling.org © Copyright 2011 USA Cycling, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • 2021 UCI World Calendar
    2021 UCI ROAD Calendar - Interac5ve version coming... As of Feb 01, 2021 Date From Date To Name Country Cat Class WebSite 13/01/2021 17/01/2021 New Zealand Cycle Classic NEW ZEALAND ME 2.2 www.cycletournz.com 23/01/2021 23/01/2021 Gravel and Tar Classic NEW ZEALAND ME 1.2 www.gravelandtar.com 23/01/2021 23/01/2021 Gravel and Tar la Femme NEW ZEALAND WE 1.2 www.gravelandtar.com 17/01/2021 24/01/2021 Vuelta al Tachira en Bicicleta BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OFME VENEZUELA2.2 www.lavueltaaltachira.com 24/01/2021 24/01/2021 Clàssica Comunitat Valenciana 1969 - Gran Premio ValenciaSPAIN ME 1.2 26/01/2021 29/01/2021 Na5onal Road Championships - Qatar QATAR CN h[ps://qatarcycling.org/ 31/01/2021 31/01/2021 Grand Prix Cycliste la Marseillaise FRANCE ME 1.1 www.lamarseillaise.fr 06/02/2021 06/02/2021 Grand Prix Alanya TURKEY ME 1.2 www.cyclingalanya.com 03/02/2021 07/02/2021 Etoile de Bessèges - Tour du Gard FRANCE ME 2.1 www.etoiledebesseges.com 03/02/2021 07/02/2021 Na5onal Road Championships - Australia AUSTRALIA CN www.roadna5onals.org.au 05/02/2021 07/02/2021 Na5onal Road Championships - Namibia NAMIBIA CN www.namcf.org 07/02/2021 07/02/2021 Grand Prix Gazipasa TURKEY ME 1.2 www.cyclingalanya.com 11/02/2021 14/02/2021 Tour de la Provence FRANCE ME 2.Pro h[p://www.tourdelaprovence.fr/ 12/02/2021 14/02/2021 Na5onal Road Championships - New Zealand NEW ZEALAND CN www.eliteroadna5onals.nz 14/02/2021 14/02/2021 Clasica de Almeria SPAIN ME 1.Pro www.clasicadealmeria.net 18/02/2021 19/02/2021 Manavgat Side Junior TURKEY MJ 2.1 www.cyclingalanya.com 18/02/2021
    [Show full text]
  • Respondents 25 Sca 001378
    Questions about a Champion "If a misdeed arises in the search for truth, it is better to exhume it rather than conceal the truth." Saint Jerome. "When I wake up in the morning, I can look in the mirror and say: yes, I'm clean. It's up to you to prove that I am guilty." Lance Armstrong, Liberation, July 24,2001. "To deal with it, the teams must be clear on ethics. Someone crosses the line? He doesn't have the right to a second chance!" Lance Armstrong, L'Equipe, April 28, 2004. Between the World Road Champion encountered in a Norwegian night club, who sipped a beer, talked candidly, laughed easily and never let the conversation falter, and the cyclist with a stem, closed face, who fended off the July crowd, protected by a bodyguard or behind the smoked glass of the team bus, ten years had passed. July 1993. In the garden of an old-fashioned hotel near Grenoble, I interviewed Armstrong for three hours. It was the first professional season for this easygoing, slightly cowboyish, and very ambitious Texan. I left with a twenty-five-page interview, the chapter of a future book11 was writing about the Tour de France. I also took with me a real admiration for this young man, whom I thought had a promising future in cycling. Eight years later, in the spring of 2001, another interview. But the Tour of 1998 had changed things. Scandals and revelations were running rampant in cycling. Would my admiration stand the test? In August 1993, it was a happy, carefree, eloquent Armstrong, whom Pierre Ballester, met the evening after he won the World Championship in Oslo.
    [Show full text]
  • The History of Professional Road Cycling Jean-François Mignot
    The history of professional road cycling Jean-François Mignot To cite this version: Jean-François Mignot. The history of professional road cycling. The Economics of Professional Road Cycling, pp.7-31, 2016, 978-3-319-22312-4. 10.1007/978-3-319-22312-4. halshs-01326719 HAL Id: halshs-01326719 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01326719 Submitted on 5 Jun 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Chapter 1: The history of professional road cycling1 Jean-François Mignot Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................. 2 1. Economic aspects of professional road cycling: from local races to global sport events ............................... 2 2. The institutional organization of professional road cycling: the historical role of the International Cycling Union....................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Bicycle Racing Association of Colorado 2020 Policy Manual
    Bicycle Racing Association of Colorado 2020 Policy Manual USAC Local Association for Colorado and Southeastern Wyoming “Expand and develop the sport of amateur bicycle racing in the Rocky Mountain region while ensuring quality experiences for all involved.” Copyright Bicycle Racing Association of Colorado 719-393-5711 www.ColoradoCycling.org Table of Contents 1. SCOPE OF THE POLICY MANUAL 2. BRANDING 3. BRAC BOARD OF DIRECTORS 4. BRAC TECHNICAL COMMITTEE 5. BRAC STAFF 6. BRAC MEETINGS 7. PROCESS TO CHANGE POLICY 8. MEMBERSHIP 9. PRIVACY AND GENDER EQUITY POLICIES 10. SCHEDULE OF FEES AND SURCHARGES 11. RACE CALENDAR DATES 12. RACE KIT 13. MEDICAL SUPPORT 14. RACE CATEGORIES 15. OMNIUMS 16. BRAC PROGRAMS 1. SCOPE OF THE POLICY MANUAL 1.1 501(c)(3) NON-PROFIT BRAC is a Colorado non-profit corporation in good standing and has Bylaws and Articles of Incorporation on file with the Secretary of State. 1.2 USA CYCLING LOCAL ASSOCIATION BRAC is the local association for USA Cycling (USAC) representing Colorado and Southeastern Wyoming. 1.3 USA CYCLING RULEBOOK BRAC incorporates and adopts the USA Cycling (USAC) rulebook for bicycle racing. http://www.usacycling.org/usa-cycling-rule-book.htm 1.4 POLICY As a Local Association, BRAC can make exceptions or additions to USAC rules in the form of a policy, with approval of the BRAC Board of Directors, as long as USAC minimum standards are met. 1.5 POLICY MANUAL BRAC maintains this Policy Manual that governs the association’s current policies and procedures. This manual is available online. 2. BRANDING 2.1 LOGO The Bicycle Racing Association of Colorado logo consists of a red rider silhouette embedded in the colors of the Colorado flag.
    [Show full text]
  • AUGUST 2003 Cyclincyclingg Utahutah GETGET ININ TTOUCHOUCH WITHWITH YYOUROUR INNERINNER SPROCKETSPROCKET,, GOGO CLIMBCLIMB AA CANYCANYON!ON!
    VOLUME 11 NUMBER 6 FREEFREE AUGUST 2003 cyclincyclingg utahutah GETGET ININ TTOUCHOUCH WITHWITH YYOUROUR INNERINNER SPROCKETSPROCKET,, GOGO CLIMBCLIMB AA CANYCANYON!ON! •Calendar of Events - p. 14 •Touring America’s’s LoneliestLoneliest HighwayHighway -- p.p. 1818 •Blowhard Mountain Trail - p. 3 •Results - p. 16 •Tour of a Lifetime - p. 2 •Whose Owns the Roads Anyway? - p. 4 •Chris Allaire Memorial Solitude MTB Race - p. 11 •Elko Jaietan Criterium Photo Gallery - p. 10 •Bike/Ped EnhancementsTorpedoed - p. 7 •Flyin Brian DH - p. 12 •Coach’s Corner - p. 8 MOUNTAIN WEST CYCLING JOURNAL •Coach’s Corner - p. 8 MOUNTAIN WEST CYCLING JOURNAL 2 cycling utah.com AUGUST 2003 SPEAKING OF SPOKES TheThe TTourour ofof aa LifetimeLifetime By Dave Ward climb backwards up the Col de Publisher Pailheres to watch the riders come over the top. I quickly realized I It was about 5 months ago that was undergeared. Due to the I booked a 5-day Tour de France intense schedule I had prior to tour for my wife, Karma, and me leaving, I had failed to change to with Graham Baxter Sporting heavy mountain gears, and was Tours. I chose the 5 stages begin- now trying to climb this incredibly ning with the stage into Toulouse tough Pyrenean climb in a 39 x after the first rest day, and ending 24. Between the heat, the humidi- with the climb up to Luz Ardiden. ty and the steep pitch, I realized I Who could have guessed then this mance. was not going to make it to the would be the most exciting Tour We opted to watch the racers as top.
    [Show full text]