DOCSLIB.ORG

Anti-Corruption Reforms in Azerbaijan 4Th Round of Monitoring of the Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Anti-Corruption Reforms in Azerbaijan 4Th Round of Monitoring of the Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan Fighting Corruption in Eastern Europe and Central Asia Anti-corruption reforms in Azerbaijan 4th round of monitoring of the Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan OECD ANTI-CORRUPTION NETWORK FOR EASTERN EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA Anti-Corruption Reforms in AZERBAIJAN Fourth Round of Monitoring of the Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan 2016 About the OECD The OECD is a forum in which governments compare and exchange policy experiences, identify good practices in light of emerging challenges, and promote decisions and recommendations to produce better policies for better lives. The OECD’s mission is to promote policies that improve economic and social well-being of people around the world. Find out more at www.oecd.org. About the Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia Established in 1998, the Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ACN) supports its member countries in their efforts to prevent and fight corruption. It provides a regional forum for the promotion of anti-corruption activities, the exchange of information, elaboration of best practices and donor coordination via regional meetings and seminars, peer-learning programmes, and thematic projects. ACN also serves as the home for the Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan (IAP). Find out more at www.oecd.org/corruption/acn/. About the Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan The Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan is a sub-regional peer-review programme launched in 2003 in the framework of the ACN. It supports anti-corruption reforms in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan through country reviews and continuous monitoring of participating countries’ implementation of recommendations to assist in the implementation of the UN Convention against Corruption and other international standards and best practice. Find out more at www.oecd.org/corruption/acn/istanbulactionplan/. This report was adopted at the ACN meeting on 16 September 2016 at the OECD in Paris. This report is published on the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of OECD member countries. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. © OECD 2016 2 Table of contents Acronyms.....................................................................................................................................................4 Executive summary....................................................................................................................................5 Summary of compliance rating.................................................................................................................11 Introduction................................................................................................................................................12 Chapter 1. Anti-corruption policy.............................................................................................................14 Key anti-corruption reforms and corruption trends.................................................................................14 Impact of anti-corruption policy implementation....................................................................................18 Anti-corruption public awareness and education.....................................................................................26 Anti-corruption policy and coordination institutions...............................................................................28 Chapter 2. Prevention of corruption.........................................................................................................33 Integrity in the civil service.....................................................................................................................33 Integrity of political public officials........................................................................................................40 Integrity in the judiciary and public prosecution service.........................................................................41 Accountability and transparency in the public sector..............................................................................54 Integrity in public procurement...............................................................................................................59 Business integrity.....................................................................................................................................63 Chapter 3. Enforcement of criminal responsibility for corruption........................................................68 Criminal law against corruption...............................................................................................................68 Procedures for investigation and prosecution of corruption offences......................................................75 Enforcement of corruption offences.........................................................................................................80 Anti-corruption criminal justice bodies....................................................................................................82 Chapter 4. Prevention and prosecution of corruption in education.......................................................85 Introduction..............................................................................................................................................85 Sectoral anti-corruption policy and bodies...............................................................................................87 Prevention measures.................................................................................................................................92 Enforcement and results, impact..............................................................................................................97 Annex. Fourth monitoring round recommendations to Azerbaijan.....................................................101 3 ACRONYMS ACD Anti-corruption Directorate, Prosecutor General’s Office of Azerbaijan ACGS Azerbaijan Corporate Governance Standards ACN Anti-Corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia Action Plan National Action Plan for 2016-2018 on Promotion of Open Government ASAN Azerbaijani Service and Assessment Network AZN Currency of Azerbaijan CC Criminal Code CCC Commission on Combating Corruption CEC Code of Ethical Conduct CoE Council of Europe CPC Criminal Procedure Code CPI Corruption Perception Index CSC Civil Service Commission EBRD European Bank of Reconstruction and Development EITI Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative EU European Union FMS Financial Monitoring Service FIU Financial Monitoring Unit FOI Freedom of information GRECO Group of States against Corruption IAP Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan IT Information technologies JLC Judicial-Legal Council LCC Law on Combatting Corruption LCJ Law on Courts and Judges Milli Majlis Parliament of Azerbaijan MLA Mutual legal assistance MoE Ministry of Education MoU Memorandum of understanding MP Member of Parliament NAR Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic NGO Non-governmental organisation NIS National Integrity System OGP Open Government Partnership OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development PGO Prosecutor General’s Office PG Prosecutor General POA Prosecutor’s Office Act POSA Act on Service in the Prosecutor’s Office PR Public relations SEC State Examination Centre SIGMA Support for Improvement in Governance and Management, OECD/EU joint initiative SMEs Small- and medium-sized enterprises SOEs State-owned enterprises TI Transparency International UNODC United National Office on Drugs and Crime USAID United States Agency for International Development VET Vocational Education and Training 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report analyses progress made by Azerbaijan in carrying out anti-corruption reforms and implementing recommendations of the IAP since the adoption of the Third Monitoring Round report in 2013. The report focuses on four areas: anti-corruption policy, prevention of corruption, enforcement of criminal responsibility for corruption and prevention and prosecution of corruption in education sector. Anti-corruption policy Azerbaijan has made progress in preventing corruption in several sectors, such as public services delivery, traffic police and public education. Reforms have started in customs and business licencing. However, serious and complex corruption challenges have yet to be tackled. Addressing the corruption-prone areas requires stronger political will, efforts and healthy environment for broad stakeholder participation in the fight against corruption. Azerbaijan developed National Action Plan for 2016-2018 on Promotion of Open Government (Action Plan), fourth policy document addressing anti-corruption, through public consultations taking into account proposals of several Non-governmental organisations (NGOs). While mainly preventive focus of the Action Plan is welcome, it is regrettable that the policy document does not have clear anti-corruption goals and is not evidence-based. Recent work of the Anti-corruption Directorate (ACD) to identify corruption problems and risks and to propose recommendations to specific agencies is commendable.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Evolution Way and Development History of Criminal Procedure Law in Azerbaijan
    6/2018 КРИМІНАЛЬНИЙ ПРОЦЕС УДК 343.01 Asif oglu Gadirov Khanoglan, PhD in Juridical Sciences, Associate Professor of Academy of Public Administration EVOLUTION WAY AND DEVELOPMENT HISTORY OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW IN AZERBAIJAN The article discusses some of the issues of theoretical and practical problems сonstitutional legal inves- tigation of criminal proceedings in the Azerbaijan Republic is characterized by a number of methodological characteristics. It is noted that, from the legislative point of view, the definition of criminal proceedings can’ot be considered complete. For this reason, the author, referring to the theoretical and legal literature, it considers it necessary to bring clarity to various concepts in criminal proceedings. Key words: law, criminal procedure, constitutional law, theory, practice Regarding the research of the history of in its hands; individual rights were nearly on a criminal procedure law, M.Jafarguliyev de- zero level. Challenges for reforms have already notes that undergoing a unique rich historical increased. These challenges had become more development way, the criminal procedure law intensive after defeat of Russia by France, Eng- has become the basis of the national legislature land and Ottoman Empire in Crimean war. Czar regulating implementation of the justice court Alexander II preferred to carry out reforms by at present time. peaceful and compromise way, rather than a vi- Economic and political liberalism typical for olent and revolution way. the XIX century was reflected in codification In 1864 czar Alexander II adopted a new work and firstly it put forward determination of project called “Great Reforms” and stimulat- the general framework of the legal development ing acceleration of development of the empire.
    [Show full text]
  • Xəbərləri Вестник News
    BAKI UNİVERSİTETİNİN XƏBƏRLƏRİ ВЕСТНИК БАКИНСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА NEWS OF BAKU UNIVERSITY ISSN 1609-0586 HUMANİTAR elmlər seriyası серия ГУМАНИТАРНЫХ НАУК series of HUMANITARIAN SCIENCES №4.2017 3 Baş redaksiya heyəti: Məhərrəmov A.M. (baş redaktor), Kazımzadə A.H. (baş redaktorun müavini), Əliyeva İ.N., Məmmədov Y.Ə., Əliyev İ.Ə., Əfəndiyev V.Ə., Xələ- fov A.A., Məmmədəliyev V.M., Paşayeva N.A., Quliyeva Ş.T. (məsul katib). Seriyanın redaksiya heyəti: Zeynalov İ.X. (redaktor), İsmayılov X.İ. (redaktorun müavini), Quliyeva S.Z. (məsul katib), Əliyeva İ.S., Qurbanov A.İ., Əlizadə Y.M., Rzayev A.Ə., Əzizov E.Z., Hacıyev A.C., Hacıyev S.T., İsmayılov X.İ., Vəliyev Ş.Q., Məmmədov C.Ə., Vəliyev M.T., Rüstəmov R.Ə. B.310.30.IV.1999 © «Bakı Universiteti Nəşriyyatı», 2017 4 BAKI UNİVERSİTETİNİN XƏBƏRLƏRİ №4 Humanitar elmlər seriyası 2017 DİLÇİLİK UOT 46.21.07 AZƏRBAYCAN VƏ İNGİLİS DİLLƏRINDƏ PARALELİZMİN LİNQVOPOETİK XÜSUSİYYƏTLƏRİNİN TƏDQİQAT TARİXİ G.R.ABBASOVA Bakı Dövlət Universiteti [email protected] Məqalədə Azərbaycan və ingilis dillərində paralelizmin linqvopoetik aspektdə tədqiqat tarixindən bəhs edilir. Linqvistik paralelizmin Azərbaycan və ingilis poeziyasında araşdırıl- ması müəyyən tarixi dövr keçmişdir. Bu dövr ərzində bir sıra dilçilər məsələyə linqvopoetik nöqteyi-nəzərdən yanaşaraq araşdırmış və bu sahədə öz tövhələrini vermişlər. Onların araş- dırmalarının nəticəsində paralelizmin və onun növlərinin Azərbaycan və ingilis poeziyasında işlənmə tezliyi və xüsusiyyətləri geniş şərh olunmuşdur. Açar sözlər: paralelizm, linqvopoetik xüsusiyyətlər, poeziya, tədqiqat tarixi, həmcins üzvlər. Azərbaycan və ingilis dillərində paralelizmin linqvopoetik xüsusiyyətlə- rinin araşdırılması müəyyən tarixi dövr keçmişdir. Linqvistik paralelizmi ayrı- lıqda Azərbaycan və ingilis poeziyasında tədqiqata cəlb edən alimlər onun linq- vopoetik xüsusiyyətlərinin müəyyənləşdirilməsində əsaslı araşdırmalar aparmış və əhəmiyyətli fikirlər söyləmişlər.
    [Show full text]
  • Monitoring Country Progress in Central and Eastern Europe & Eurasia
    MONITORING COUNTRY PROGRESS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE & EURASIA USAID/E&E/PO Program Office Bureau for Europe & Eurasia U.S. Agency for International Development April 2005 No. 9 Summary Introduction This paper presents USAID/E&E’s system for monitoring country progress in the twenty- seven transition country region of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. These countries are those which have received assistance under the SEED and FSA Acts.1 As in past Monitoring Country Progress (MCP) reports, transition progress is tracked along four primary dimensions: (1) economic reforms; (2) democratization; (3) economic performance (which includes economic structure and macroeconomic conditions); and (4) human capital (or social conditions). An important objective of this report and the MCP system is to provide criteria for graduation or phase-out of transition countries from U.S. Government assistance, and to provide guidelines in optimizing the allocation of USG resources in the region.2 Findings Economic Reforms. First stage economic reforms are complete or close to being complete in the large majority of transition countries. First stage reforms focus on liberalizing the economy from government intervention and ownership. Virtually all the transition countries are much farther behind in second stage reforms than first stage reforms, and much farther behind standards in advanced industrial economies. Second stage economic reforms concentrate in large part on building a government’s institutional capacity to govern, through reforms in the financial sector, infrastructure, and economic governance. In general, the most progress in second stage reforms has been made in banking reforms. The least progress has occurred in competition policy followed by non- bank financial institutions, and infrastructure reform.
    [Show full text]
  • EU Relations with Armenia and Azerbaijan.Pdf
    DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR EXTERNAL POLICIES POLICY DEPARTMENT IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS EU relations with Armenia and Azerbaijan ABSTRACT The EU is currently reshaping its relationship with Armenia and Azerbaijan through new agreements for which the negotiations ended (Armenia) or started (Azerbaijan) in February 2017. After Yerevan’s decision to join the EAEU (thereby renouncing to sign an AA/DCFTA), the initialling of the CEPA provides a new impetus to EU-Armenia relations. It highlights Armenia’s lingering interest in developing closer ties with the EU and provides a vivid illustration of the EU’s readiness to respond to EaP countries’ specific needs and circumstances. The CEPA is also a clear indication that the EU has not engaged in a zero- sum game with Russia and is willing to exploit any opportunity to further its links with EaP countries. The launch of negotiations on a new EU-Azerbaijan agreement – in spite of serious political and human rights problems in the country – results from several intertwined factors, including the EU’s energy security needs and Baku’s increasing bargaining power. At this stage, Azerbaijan is interested only in forms of cooperation that are not challenging the political status quo. However, the decline in both world oil prices and domestic oil production in this country is creating bargaining opportunities for the EU in what promises to be a difficult negotiation. EP/EXPO/B/AFET/FWC/2013-08/Lot6/15 EN October 2017 - PE 603.846 © European Union, 2017 Policy Department, Directorate-General for External Policies This paper was requested by the European Parliament's Committee on Foreign Affairs.
    [Show full text]
  • Is the Council of Europe Fostering Democratisation in Azerbaijan?
    ema Awarded Theses 2015/2016 Pablo Fernández Jiménez Is the Council of Europe Fostering Democratisation in Azerbaijan? Analysing the Impact of the Organisation and Its Faith in the Ballot Box European Master’s Programme in Human Rights and Democratisation EIUC gracefully acknowledges the contribution of the European Commission which made this pubblication possible. FOREWORD The European Master’s Programme in Human Rights and Democratisation (EMA) was launched in 1997 as a joint initiative of universities in all EU Member States with support from the European Commission. The aim from the outset was to prepare young professionals to respond to the requirements and challenges of work in international organisations, field operations, governmental and non-governmental bodies, and academia. As a measure of its success, EMA soon came to serve as a model of inspiration for the establishment of other EU- sponsored regional master’s programmes in the area of human rights and democratisation in different parts of the world. Since 2013 these are all connected and managed by the European Inter-University Centre for Human Rights and Democratisation (EIUC) in the framework of the Global Campus of Human Rights. EMA is a one-year intensive master’s degree devoted to the study of human rights and democratisation. Based on an action- and policy- oriented approach to learning, it combines legal, political, historical, anthropological, and philosophical perspectives with targeted skill- building activities. The interdisciplinarity and wide-ranging scope of EMA is testimony to the benefits of European inter-university cooperation and reflects the indivisible links between human rights, democracy, peace and development.
    [Show full text]
  • Administrative Procedures: Kazakhstan and Foreign Experience
    Universal Decimal Classification 342.92 Podoprigora R.A. Administrative Procedures: Kazakhstan and Foreign Experience Professor of Caspian University (Almaty, Kazakhstan), Doctor of Law. The article is dedicated to the issues of the current status and development of ad- ministrative procedures in Kazakhstan. The author also considers difficulties which can arise in the preparation of the draft of the Law On Administrative Procedures and pos- sibilities for implementation of foreign experience. Keywords: Kazakhstan, administrative law, administrative procedures. The main administrative and legal problematics in Kazakhstan has recently focused on three issues: administrative procedures, administrative justice and administrative violations. The vast majority of conferences, round tables and discussions, one way or another, is connect- ed to these issues. At that, it is interesting that many local lawyers, professional legal communities, and state structures consider attention to administrative violations as top-priority. Much less atten- tion is paid to other various administrative and legal institutions. It should be recognized that, in many ways due to our foreign colleagues and various pro- jects with different level if success working in Kazakhstan, the most important issues of admin- istrative law (administrative procedures and administrative justice) are put on the agenda, turn into draft laws and are constantly included in the programs of legal reforms. 2 This approach is very illustrative. For many Kazakhstani lawyers of different levels ad- ministrative law has remained a public administration right, a kind of truncheon to impact on citizens and organizations. Another purpose of administrative law is restraining of public ad- ministration, protecting the rights of citizens in the public sphere remains in the background.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Report of Transparent Public Procurement Rating
    2020 Report of Transparent Public Procurement Rating 20 20 Project is Financially Supported by the Open Society Institute Budapest Foundation (OSI) The opinions expressed in this draft document belong to the Institute for Development of Freedom of Information (IDFI) and its partner organizations, and do not reflect the positions of Open Society Institute Budapest Foundation (OSI). Therefore, this organization is not responsible for the content of this report. Contact Information: 20, T. Shevchenko Street Georgia, Tbilisi, 0108 Tel: (+ 995) 32 2 92 15 14 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.idfi.ge Contents Main Findings 01 Statistical Analysis 03 Recommendations 06 Foreword, Structure and Methodology 08 Statistical Analysis 2016-2020 10 Average by Benchmark Indicator 11 Average by the Stage of Public Procurement 11 TPPR Rating 2019-2020 12 TPPR Rating 2016-2018 14 Rating by Benchmark Indicators 16 Transparency Environment 16 Uniformity of Legislative Framework 18 Efficiency 20 Transparency 22 Accountability and Integrity 24 Competitiveness and Impartiality 26 Rating by the Stages of Public Procurement Process 28 General Characteristics 28 Pre-Tendering Phase 30 Tendering Phase 32 Post-Tendering Phase 34 Country Evaluations 36 Europe 36 Albania 36 Armenia 40 Azerbaijan 43 Belarus 46 Bosnia and Herzegovina 49 Czech Republic 53 Georgia 54 Hungary 57 Lithuania 59 Moldova 61 Poland 64 Romania 67 Slovakia 69 Ukraine 72 Asia and Oceania 76 Indonesia 76 Kazakhstan 79 Kyrgyzstan 82 Mongolia 84 Papua New Guinea 87 Philippines 90 Tajikistan 92 Africa
    [Show full text]
  • Corruption and Anti-Corruption in Sudan
    OVERVIEW OF CORRUPTION AND ANTI-CORRUPTION IN AZERBAIJAN QUERY SUMMARY Can you provide an overview of corruption and anti- With a context characterised by limited independent corruption in Azerbaijan? media, a marginalised political opposition and a poor human rights records, Azerbaijan faces major CONTENT challenges of endemic corruption. Deeply 1. Overview of corruption in Azerbaijan entrenched patronage networks permeate all 2. Anti-corruption efforts in Azerbaijan spheres of public life and hamper the long term economic and social development prospects of the 3. References country. Economic and political powers are largely concentrated in the ruling elite, creating a blurred line between political and business interests. While the country’s natural resource wealth has largely contributed to economic growth and political stability in the last decade, it is also considered a major source of corruption and driver for political patronage networks. Public financial management, political processes, the judiciary and the police count among the sectors considered to be most \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ vulnerable to corruption. Author(s) In recent years, the government has been credited Marie Chêne, Transparency International, internationally for taking important steps against [email protected], with contribution from corruption. In 2009, Azerbaijan became the first Transparency International Azerbaijan compliant country in the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative. Other important legal and institutional developments have taken place in the Reviewer(s) areas of public sector reform and money laundering, Dieter Zinnbauer, Ph.D., Transparency International among others. These efforts have started to pay off, Date translating in a significant decrease in citizens’ Responded: July 2013 perceptions of corruption in many sectors, as reflected by the recently launched Global Corruption © 2013 Transparency International.
    [Show full text]
  • Azerbaijan | Freedom House
    Azerbaijan | Freedom House http://freedomhouse.org/report/nations-transit/2014/azerbaijan About Us DONATE Blog Mobile App Contact Us Mexico Website (in Spanish) REGIONS ISSUES Reports Programs Initiatives News Experts Events Subscribe Donate NATIONS IN TRANSIT - View another year - ShareShareShareShareShareMore 7 Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Nations in Transit 2014 DRAFT REPORT 2014 SCORES PDF version Capital: Baku 6.68 Population: 9.3 million REGIME CLASSIFICATION GNI/capita, PPP: US$9,410 Consolidated Source: The data above are drawn from The World Bank, Authoritarian World Development Indicators 2014. Regime 6.75 7.00 6.50 6.75 6.50 6.50 6.75 NOTE: The ratings reflect the consensus of Freedom House, its academic advisers, and the author(s) of this report. The opinions expressed in this report are those of the author(s). The ratings are based on a scale of 1 to 7, with 1 representing the highest level of democratic progress and 7 the lowest. The Democracy Score is an average of ratings for the categories tracked in a given year. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: 1 of 23 6/25/2014 11:26 AM Azerbaijan | Freedom House http://freedomhouse.org/report/nations-transit/2014/azerbaijan Azerbaijan is ruled by an authoritarian regime characterized by intolerance for dissent and disregard for civil liberties and political rights. When President Heydar Aliyev came to power in 1993, he secured a ceasefire in Azerbaijan’s war with Armenia and established relative domestic stability, but he also instituted a Soviet-style, vertical power system, based on patronage and the suppression of political dissent. Ilham Aliyev succeeded his father in 2003, continuing and intensifying the most repressive aspects of his father’s rule.
    [Show full text]
  • Support to the Anti-Corruption Strategy of Azerbaijan (AZPAC)
    Support to the anti-corruption strategy of Azerbaijan (AZPAC) Technical Paper on Compliance of the Legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan with International Anti-corruption Conventions Prepared by: Mr Bostjan Penko (Slovenija) PC –TC (2009) 3 Support to the Anti-corruption Strategy of Azerbaijan (AZPAC) A project supported by USAID and implemented by Council of Europe in cooperation with the Commission on Combating Corruption of Azerbaijan For more information, please contact: Technical Co-operation Department Tel: + 33 3 88 41 29 76 Directorate General of Human Rights and Legal Fax: + 33 3 90 21 56 50 Affairs Email: [email protected] Council of Europe 67075 Strasbourg CEDEX France This document has been produced with the financial support of the USAID. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinions of the Council of Europe. 2 Table of Contents: 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................4 2 General observations....................................................................................................................5 3 Compliance report ........................................................................................................................6 3.1 United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) ...........................................6 3.2 Council of Europe Criminal Law Convention on Corruption .....................................34 3.3 Council of Europe Civil
    [Show full text]
  • Combatting and Preventing Corruption in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia How Anti-Corruption Measures Can Promote Democracy and the Rule of Law
    Combatting and preventing corruption in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia How anti-corruption measures can promote democracy and the rule of law Combatting and preventing corruption in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia How anti-corruption measures can promote democracy and the rule of law Silvia Stöber Combatting and preventing corruption in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia 4 Contents Contents 1. Instead of a preface: Why (read) this study? 9 2. Introduction 11 2.1 Methodology 11 2.2 Corruption 11 2.2.1 Consequences of corruption 12 2.2.2 Forms of corruption 13 2.3 Combatting corruption 13 2.4 References 14 3. Executive Summaries 15 3.1 Armenia – A promising change of power 15 3.2 Azerbaijan – Retaining power and preventing petty corruption 16 3.3 Georgia – An anti-corruption role model with dents 18 4. Armenia 22 4.1 Introduction to the current situation 22 4.2 Historical background 24 4.2.1 Consolidation of the oligarchic system 25 4.2.2 Lack of trust in the government 25 4.3 The Pashinyan government’s anti-corruption measures 27 4.3.1 Background conditions 27 4.3.2 Measures to combat grand corruption 28 4.3.3 Judiciary 30 4.3.4 Monopoly structures in the economy 31 4.4 Petty corruption 33 4.4.1 Higher education 33 4.4.2 Health-care sector 34 4.4.3 Law enforcement 35 4.5 International implications 36 4.5.1 Organized crime and money laundering 36 4.5.2 Migration and asylum 36 4.6 References 37 5 Combatting and preventing corruption in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia 5.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of the Armenian-Azerbaijani Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict on the Economic Growth of Transcaucasia
    ZN WSH Zarządzanie 2020 (4), s. 137-150 Studium przypadku Case study Data wplywu/Received: 15.06.2020 Data recenzji/Accepted: 14.07.2020/17.07.2020 Data publikacji/Published: 31.12.2020 Źródła finansowania publikacji: środki własne DOI: Authors› Contribution: Study Design (projekt badania) Data Collection (zbieranie danych) Statistical Analysis (analiza statystyczna) Data Interpretation (interpretacja danych) Manuscript Preparation (redagowanie opracowania) Literature Search (badania literaturowe) Farman Yusubau, Ph.D. A B C D E F Yanka Kupala state University of Grodno, Belarus ORCID 0000-0001-6165-6757 THE IMPACT OF THE ARMENIAN-AZERBAIJANI NAGORNO-KARABAKH CONFLICT ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF TRANSCAUCASIA WPŁYW KONFLIKTU ARMEŃSKO- -AZERBERDŻAŃSKIEGO W GÓRSKIM KARABACHU NA WZROST GOSPODARCZY ZAKAUKAZIA Abstract: The article deals with the frozen conflict between two sovereign States in Trans- caucasia: Armenia and Azerbaijan, which can be undermined at any time due to unresolved issues, and destroy the economy not only in the region. The purpose of the article is to elimi- 138 Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas. Zarządzanie nate this conflict with possible instruments aimed at eternal peace and ensuring economic security in the region. During the research, the author used methods such as analysis, syn- thesis, comparison, grouping, etc. The history and causes of this conflict have been studied. In the result of the analysis, it is concluded that the influence of the Armenian-Azerbaijani Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, today, in frozen form, has a negative impact, primarily on Azerbaijan’s economy since occupied over 20 percent of its territory, and, as a result of oc- cupation, destroyed towns, the entire infrastructure, and there was more than one million Azerbaijanis refugees.
    [Show full text]