WILDLIFE Native Wildlife Is Adapted to Native Plants
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Types of American Grasses
z LIBRARY OF Si AS-HITCHCOCK AND AGNES'CHASE 4: SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM oL TiiC. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE United States National Herbarium Volume XII, Part 3 TXE&3 OF AMERICAN GRASSES . / A STUDY OF THE AMERICAN SPECIES OF GRASSES DESCRIBED BY LINNAEUS, GRONOVIUS, SLOANE, SWARTZ, AND MICHAUX By A. S. HITCHCOCK z rit erV ^-C?^ 1 " WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1908 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Issued June 18, 1908 ii PREFACE The accompanying paper, by Prof. A. S. Hitchcock, Systematic Agrostologist of the United States Department of Agriculture, u entitled Types of American grasses: a study of the American species of grasses described by Linnaeus, Gronovius, Sloane, Swartz, and Michaux," is an important contribution to our knowledge of American grasses. It is regarded as of fundamental importance in the critical sys- tematic investigation of any group of plants that the identity of the species described by earlier authors be determined with certainty. Often this identification can be made only by examining the type specimen, the original description being inconclusive. Under the American code of botanical nomenclature, which has been followed by the author of this paper, "the nomenclatorial t}rpe of a species or subspecies is the specimen to which the describer originally applied the name in publication." The procedure indicated by the American code, namely, to appeal to the type specimen when the original description is insufficient to identify the species, has been much misunderstood by European botanists. It has been taken to mean, in the case of the Linnsean herbarium, for example, that a specimen in that herbarium bearing the same name as a species described by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum must be taken as the type of that species regardless of all other considerations. -
Illustrated Flora of East Texas Illustrated Flora of East Texas
ILLUSTRATED FLORA OF EAST TEXAS ILLUSTRATED FLORA OF EAST TEXAS IS PUBLISHED WITH THE SUPPORT OF: MAJOR BENEFACTORS: DAVID GIBSON AND WILL CRENSHAW DISCOVERY FUND U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE FOUNDATION (NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, USDA FOREST SERVICE) TEXAS PARKS AND WILDLIFE DEPARTMENT SCOTT AND STUART GENTLING BENEFACTORS: NEW DOROTHEA L. LEONHARDT FOUNDATION (ANDREA C. HARKINS) TEMPLE-INLAND FOUNDATION SUMMERLEE FOUNDATION AMON G. CARTER FOUNDATION ROBERT J. O’KENNON PEG & BEN KEITH DORA & GORDON SYLVESTER DAVID & SUE NIVENS NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY OF TEXAS DAVID & MARGARET BAMBERGER GORDON MAY & KAREN WILLIAMSON JACOB & TERESE HERSHEY FOUNDATION INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT: AUSTIN COLLEGE BOTANICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF TEXAS SID RICHARDSON CAREER DEVELOPMENT FUND OF AUSTIN COLLEGE II OTHER CONTRIBUTORS: ALLDREDGE, LINDA & JACK HOLLEMAN, W.B. PETRUS, ELAINE J. BATTERBAE, SUSAN ROBERTS HOLT, JEAN & DUNCAN PRITCHETT, MARY H. BECK, NELL HUBER, MARY MAUD PRICE, DIANE BECKELMAN, SARA HUDSON, JIM & YONIE PRUESS, WARREN W. BENDER, LYNNE HULTMARK, GORDON & SARAH ROACH, ELIZABETH M. & ALLEN BIBB, NATHAN & BETTIE HUSTON, MELIA ROEBUCK, RICK & VICKI BOSWORTH, TONY JACOBS, BONNIE & LOUIS ROGNLIE, GLORIA & ERIC BOTTONE, LAURA BURKS JAMES, ROI & DEANNA ROUSH, LUCY BROWN, LARRY E. JEFFORDS, RUSSELL M. ROWE, BRIAN BRUSER, III, MR. & MRS. HENRY JOHN, SUE & PHIL ROZELL, JIMMY BURT, HELEN W. JONES, MARY LOU SANDLIN, MIKE CAMPBELL, KATHERINE & CHARLES KAHLE, GAIL SANDLIN, MR. & MRS. WILLIAM CARR, WILLIAM R. KARGES, JOANN SATTERWHITE, BEN CLARY, KAREN KEITH, ELIZABETH & ERIC SCHOENFELD, CARL COCHRAN, JOYCE LANEY, ELEANOR W. SCHULTZE, BETTY DAHLBERG, WALTER G. LAUGHLIN, DR. JAMES E. SCHULZE, PETER & HELEN DALLAS CHAPTER-NPSOT LECHE, BEVERLY SENNHAUSER, KELLY S. DAMEWOOD, LOGAN & ELEANOR LEWIS, PATRICIA SERLING, STEVEN DAMUTH, STEVEN LIGGIO, JOE SHANNON, LEILA HOUSEMAN DAVIS, ELLEN D. -
Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Washington - Baltimore Area
Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Washington - Baltimore Area Part II Monocotyledons Stanwyn G. Shetler Sylvia Stone Orli Botany Section, Department of Systematic Biology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560-0166 MAP OF THE CHECKLIST AREA Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Washington - Baltimore Area Part II Monocotyledons by Stanwyn G. Shetler and Sylvia Stone Orli Department of Systematic Biology Botany Section National Museum of Natural History 2002 Botany Section, Department of Systematic Biology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560-0166 Cover illustration of Canada or nodding wild rye (Elymus canadensis L.) from Manual of the Grasses of the United States by A. S. Hitchcock, revised by Agnes Chase (1951). iii PREFACE The first part of our Annotated Checklist, covering the 2001 species of Ferns, Fern Allies, Gymnosperms, and Dicotyledons native or naturalized in the Washington-Baltimore Area, was published in March 2000. Part II covers the Monocotyledons and completes the preliminary edition of the Checklist, which we hope will prove useful not only in itself but also as a first step toward a new manual for the identification of the Area’s flora. Such a manual is needed to replace the long- outdated and out-of-print Flora of the District of Columbia and Vicinity of Hitchcock and Standley, published in 1919. In the preparation of this part, as with Part I, Shetler has been responsible for the taxonomy and nomenclature and Orli for the database. As with the first part, we are distributing this second part in preliminary form, so that it can be used, criticized, and updated while the two parts are being readied for publication as a single volume. -
New York Natural Heritage Program Rare Plant Status List May 2004 Edited By
New York Natural Heritage Program Rare Plant Status List May 2004 Edited by: Stephen M. Young and Troy W. Weldy This list is also published at the website: www.nynhp.org For more information, suggestions or comments about this list, please contact: Stephen M. Young, Program Botanist New York Natural Heritage Program 625 Broadway, 5th Floor Albany, NY 12233-4757 518-402-8951 Fax 518-402-8925 E-mail: [email protected] To report sightings of rare species, contact our office or fill out and mail us the Natural Heritage reporting form provided at the end of this publication. The New York Natural Heritage Program is a partnership with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation and by The Nature Conservancy. Major support comes from the NYS Biodiversity Research Institute, the Environmental Protection Fund, and Return a Gift to Wildlife. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction.......................................................................................................................................... Page ii Why is the list published? What does the list contain? How is the information compiled? How does the list change? Why are plants rare? Why protect rare plants? Explanation of categories.................................................................................................................... Page iv Explanation of Heritage ranks and codes............................................................................................ Page iv Global rank State rank Taxon rank Double ranks Explanation of plant -
Publications of H.H
Publications of H.H. Iltis Iltis, H.H. 1945. Abundance of Selaginella in Oklahoma. Am. Fern. J. 35: 52. Iltis, H.H. 1947. A visit to Gregor Mendel’s home. Journal of Heredity 38: 162-166. Iltis, H.H. 1950. Studies in Virginia Plants I: List of bryophytes from the vicinity of Fredericksburg, Virginia. Castanea 15: 38-50. Iltis, H.H. 1953. Cleome, in Herter, G.W. Flora Illustrada del Uruguay. Fasc. 8 & 9. Iltis, H.H. 1954. Studies in the Capparidaceae I. Polanisia dodecandra (L.) DC., the correct name for Polanista graveolens Rafinesque. Rhodora 56: 64-70. Iltis, H.H. 1955. Evolution in the western North American Cleomoideae. Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings 7: 118. (Abstract). Iltis, H.H. 1955. Capparidaceae of Nevada, in Archer, A.W. Contributions toward a Flora of Nevada, No. 35. U.S.D.A. Beltsville, MD l-24. Iltis, H.H. 1956. Studies in Virginia plants II. Rhododendron maximum in the Virginia coastal plain and its distribution in North America. Castanea 21:114-124. (Reprinted in “Wildflower”, January, 1957). Iltis, H.H. 1956. Studies in the Capparidaceae II. The Mexican species of Cleomella: Taxonomy and evolution. Madroño 13: 177-189. Iltis, H.H. 1957. Flora of Winnebago County, Illinois (Fell). Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 83: 313-314. (Book review). Iltis, H.H. 1957. Die Flechtbinse (Scirpus lacustris) (Seidler). Scientific Monthly 84: 266-267. (Book review). Iltis, H.H. 1957. Distribution and nomenclatorial notes on Galium (Rubiaceae). Rhodora 59: 38-43. Iltis, H.H. and Urban, E. 1957. Preliminary Reports on the Flora of Wisconsin No. -
Data Standards Version 2.8 July 5
Euro+Med Data Standards Version 2.8. July 5th, 2002 EURO+MED PLANTBASE PREPARATION OF THE INITIAL CHECKLIST: DATA STANDARDS VERSION 2.8 JULY 5TH, 2002 This document replaces Version 2.7, dated May 16th, 2002 Compiled for the Euro+Med PlantBase Editorial Committee by: Euro+Med PlantBase Secretariat, Centre for Plant Diversity and Systematics, School of Plant Sciences, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AS United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0)118 9318160 Fax: +44 (0)118 975 3676 E-mail: [email protected] 1 Euro+Med Data Standards Version 2.8. July 5th, 2002 Modifications made in Version 2.0 (24/11/00) 1. Section 2.4 as been corrected to note that geography should be added for hybrids as well as species and subspecies. 2. Section 3 (Standard Floras) has been modified to reflect the presently accepted list. This may be subject to further modification as the project proceeds. 3. Section 4 (Family Blocks) – genera have been listed where this clarifies the circumscription of blocks. 4. Section 5 (Accented Characters) – now included in the document with examples. 5. Section 6 (Geographical Standard) – Macedonia (Mc) is now listed as Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. Modification made in Version 2.1 (10/01/01) Page 26: Liliaceae in Block 21 has been corrected to Lilaeaceae. Modifications made in Version 2.2 (4/5/01) Geographical Standards. Changes made as discussed at Palermo General meeting (Executive Committee): Treatment of Belgium and Luxembourg as separate areas Shetland not Zetland Moldova not Moldavia Czech Republic -
58. DIARRHENA P. Beauvois, Ess. Agrostogr. 142. 1812, Nom. Cons
224 POACEAE 58. DIARRHENA P. Beauvois, Ess. Agrostogr. 142. 1812, nom. cons. 龙常草属 long chang cao shu Neomolinia Honda. Description and distribution as for tribe. 1a. Keels of palea smooth; anthers 0.7–1.2 mm; panicle open, branches spreading ......................................................... 1. D. japonica 1b. Keels of palea ciliate; anthers 1.5–2 mm; panicle ± contracted, branches erect to ascending. 2a. Panicle contracted at first, becoming somewhat lax at maturity, primary branches often further divided; lemmas smooth on veins; lowest lemma 3.5–4 mm .................................................................................................. 2. D. fauriei 2b. Panicle always contracted, primary branches erect, simple; lemmas scabrid on veins near apex; lowest lemma 4.5–5 mm ............................................................................................................................................. 3. D. mandshurica 1. Diarrhena japonica Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: puberulous, abaxial surface scabrid or nearly smooth, apex 603. 1879. gradually long-acuminate; ligule ca. 0.5 mm. Panicle laxly con- tracted, narrowly lanceolate at first, later slightly more spread- 日本龙常草 ri ben long chang cao ing, 12–15 × 2–3 cm; primary branches in clusters of 2–5, erect Neomolinia japonica (Franchet & Savatier) Probatova. to ascending, scabrid, each branch with branchlets, loosely bearing 4–13 spikelets. Spikelets obovate at maturity, 4–7 Culms tufted, erect, 50–80 cm tall, 1–1.5 mm in diam., 4– mm, florets 2; glumes lanceolate, usually 1-veined, acute, lower 5-noded, glabrous below nodes. Leaf sheaths mostly shorter glume 1–1.5 mm, upper glume ca. 2 mm; lemmas 3.5–4 mm, 3- than internodes, glabrous; leaf blades flat, 20–30 × 0.8–1.5 cm, veined, veins smooth, apex subacute; palea keels ciliolate. -
Draft Plant Propagation Protocol
Plant Propagation Protocol for Vulpia octoflora ESRM 412 – Native Plant Production Protocol URL: https://courses.washington.edu/esrm412/protocols/VUOC.pdf ©Matt Lavin ©Mary Wright Gill ©University of South Florida TAXONOMY Plant Family Scientific Name Poaceae Common Name Grass family Species Scientific Name Scientific Name Vulpia octoflora (Walter) Rydb. Varieties Vulpia octoflora var. octoflora Vulpia octoflora var. glauca Vulpia octoflora var. hirtella Vulpia octoflora var. tenella (ITIS, 2017) Sub-species Festuca glacilenta Buckley Festuca tenella Willd (ITIS, 2017) Cultivar None found Common Synonym(s) Festuca octoflora Walt. var. aristulata Torr. ex L.H. Dewey Diarrhena setacea (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. Festuca parviflora Elliott Festuca setacea Poir. Gnomonia octoflora (Walter) Lunell Vulpia antofagastensis Parodi Festuca tenella var. aristulata Torr. Note: Vulpia octoflora was listed under the genus of fescue for a number of years, thus many of the common synonyms are under the name festuca. However, the current taxonomy now lists Vulpia octoflora under the vulpia genus. (ITIS, 2017) Common Name(s) Sixweek fescue Sixweeks grass Six-weeks grass Common sixweeks grass Pull out grass Eight-flower sixweeks grass Eight-flowered fescue (ITIS, 2017) Species Code VUOC GENERAL INFORMATION Geographical range (USDA, 2018) (WTU, 2018) Ecological distribution Vulpia octoflora can be found across a variety of ecosystems in North America. Desert grasslands, desert shrub, sagebrush, mixed grass prairie, and annual grasslands are among the ecosystems that the grass inhabits. (Thacker, 2008) Climate and elevation Sun: Direct sunlight range Elevation: 15’-6455’ Annual precipitation: 3.0” - 49.5” Summer precipitation: 0.14” - 2.69” Coldest Month: 37.4 ᵒF - 60.4 ᵒF Hottest Month: 60.7 ᵒF - 88.7 ᵒF Humidity: 0.47 - 40.10 vpd (vapor pressure deficit) Drainage: Fast (CNPS, 2018) Local habitat and Vulpia octoflora is found abundantly in pristine prairie ecosystems, abundance commonly on dry sites and between bunchgrass species in the Pacific Northwest. -
Flora of the Illinois Audubon Society's Lusk Creek Property in Pope
FLORA OF THE ILLINOIS AUDUBON SOCIETY’S LUSK CREEK PROPERTY IN POPE COUNTY, ILLINOIS Report to the Illinois Audubon Society by John White Ecological Services Flora of the Illinois Audubon Society’s Lusk Creek Property in Pope County, Illinois Summary ...................................................1 I. Introduction ...............................................2 Purpose...............................................2 Study area .............................................2 Procedure .............................................2 II. Inventory of the flora........................................3 Scientific name.........................................3 Common name .........................................3 Nativity...............................................3 Abundance ............................................4 Vegetation management concern ...........................5 Species documented by the present study.....................6 Species reported by Mark Basinger .........................7 Species reported by Bill Hopkins ...........................7 Habitat................................................7 Notes.................................................8 Treatment of varieties....................................8 Table 1: Flora of the Illinois Audubon Society’s Lusk Creek property . 10 III. Analysis of the flora .......................................31 Species documented by the present study and by Mark Basinger . 31 Bill Hopkins’ floristic inventory ...........................32 Botanical hotspots......................................33 -
Kentucky Native Grasses
Chapter 3 A Partial Listing of Kentucky’s Native Grasses A publication of the Louisville Water Company Wellhead Protection Plan, Phase III Source Reduction Grant # X9-96479407-0 Chapter 3 A Partial Listing of Kentucky’s Native Grasses Kentucky Native Grasses Other decorative or useful plants to use in the native plantings, including meadows, rain gardens, or in dramatic groupings, are the native grasses found in Kentucky. These plants are being crowded out by many invasive grasses listed in Chapter 6, or are being eaten by the wildlife to endangerment because these plants are more nutritious and filling than the invasive species. Many of the grasses are used in native meadow or prairie seed mixes, but may also be used as decorative plots in the homeowner’s lawn, or as single plants or groupings to add variety to a native plant garden. There are many nurseries specializing in native wildflowers or plants, while others may be ordered in bulk in meadow mixes. Most of the grasses are also native to other states. Table I - Partial Listing of Kentucky’s Native Grasses Common Name Description Picture Scientific Name Beakgrass Diarrhena americana Height - 1' to 3' Sun - FS/Sh Soil - A, D Color - Attraction: Bird - Humming Bird – Butterfly/Moth – Y General Wildlife – P Comment: Bearded Short-husk Height - X to X Brachyelytrum erectum Sun - X Soil - X Color - Attraction: Bird - Humming Bird – Butterfly/Moth – Y General Wildlife – Comment: Chapter 3 Page 1 A Partial Listing of Kentucky’s Native Grasses Common Name Description Picture Scientific -
Ecological Checklist of the Missouri Flora for Floristic Quality Assessment
Ladd, D. and J.R. Thomas. 2015. Ecological checklist of the Missouri flora for Floristic Quality Assessment. Phytoneuron 2015-12: 1–274. Published 12 February 2015. ISSN 2153 733X ECOLOGICAL CHECKLIST OF THE MISSOURI FLORA FOR FLORISTIC QUALITY ASSESSMENT DOUGLAS LADD The Nature Conservancy 2800 S. Brentwood Blvd. St. Louis, Missouri 63144 [email protected] JUSTIN R. THOMAS Institute of Botanical Training, LLC 111 County Road 3260 Salem, Missouri 65560 [email protected] ABSTRACT An annotated checklist of the 2,961 vascular taxa comprising the flora of Missouri is presented, with conservatism rankings for Floristic Quality Assessment. The list also provides standardized acronyms for each taxon and information on nativity, physiognomy, and wetness ratings. Annotated comments for selected taxa provide taxonomic, floristic, and ecological information, particularly for taxa not recognized in recent treatments of the Missouri flora. Synonymy crosswalks are provided for three references commonly used in Missouri. A discussion of the concept and application of Floristic Quality Assessment is presented. To accurately reflect ecological and taxonomic relationships, new combinations are validated for two distinct taxa, Dichanthelium ashei and D. werneri , and problems in application of infraspecific taxon names within Quercus shumardii are clarified. CONTENTS Introduction Species conservatism and floristic quality Application of Floristic Quality Assessment Checklist: Rationale and methods Nomenclature and taxonomic concepts Synonymy Acronyms Physiognomy, nativity, and wetness Summary of the Missouri flora Conclusion Annotated comments for checklist taxa Acknowledgements Literature Cited Ecological checklist of the Missouri flora Table 1. C values, physiognomy, and common names Table 2. Synonymy crosswalk Table 3. Wetness ratings and plant families INTRODUCTION This list was developed as part of a revised and expanded system for Floristic Quality Assessment (FQA) in Missouri. -
Moths of North Carolina - Early Draft 1
Elachistidae Elachista subalbidella No common name 10 9 8 n=0 7 High Mt. 6 N 5 u 4 3 • m 2 b 1 e 0 r 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 NC counties: 1 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec o 10 f 9 n=0 = Sighting or Collection 8 • 7 Low Mt. High counts of: in NC since 2001 F 6 l 5 1 - Wake - 2014-10-03 4 i 3 g 2 Status Rank h 1 0 NC US NC Global t 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 D Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec a 10 10 9 9 t 8 n=1 8 n=0 e 7 Pd 7 CP s 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 0 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 15 5 25 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Three periods to each month: 1-10 / 11-20 / 21-31 FAMILY: Elachistidae SUBFAMILY: TRIBE: TAXONOMIC_COMMENTS: <i>Elachista</i> is a large genus of small moths that occur worldwide.