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A Cooperative Venture Capital Framework

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A Cooperative Venture Capital Framework A COOPERATIVE VENTURE CAPITAL FRAMEWORK AN INNOVATION PIPELINE DEVELOPED WITH AN ENTERPRISE ENGINEERING APPROACH THAT SUPPORTS AND PROMOTES ENTREPRENEURIAL TEAMS IN COMMERCIALISING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND TECHNOLOGY Mathys A. Pretorius Thesis Thesis is presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Engineering (Engineering Management) in the Faculty of Engineering at Stellenbosch University. Prof. C.S.L. Schutte December 2017 Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za DECLARATION By submitting this thesis electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the owner of the author thereof (save to the extent explicitly otherwise stated) and that reproduction and publication thereof by Stellenbosch University will not infringe any third party rights and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. Date: December 2017 Copyright © 2017 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved. i | P a g e Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za ABSTRACT The field of entrepreneurship and innovation has been prominent in the past century, with increasingly more research produced in recent decades. The identified interdependencies between entrepreneurship and innovation are essential for developing a competitive advantage to all organisations and regions, but require enablers to succeed in effectively utilising them for socio-economic development and impact. The problem identified in the literature is the challenge found in commercialising intellectual property or technology. It is evident that both internal and external detriments influence the process and success of commercialisation. Therefore, the need for an innovation pipeline to support and promote entrepreneurship and innovation is crucial for attaining the benefits from socio-economic development. The research argument is rooted in the constructivism theory whereby the accumulation and reconstruction of knowledge and the research method uses a systems engineering approach to guide the research argument. The complex problem was defined after reviewing the literature, which then disseminated the complex problem into unit problems. In reviewing the literature, unit solutions were identified for the unit problems and formulated into design criteria for the holistic conceptual framework. The Cooperative Venture Capital Framework (CVCF) developed from the design criteria provides a suitable conceptual solution to developing an innovation pipeline through fundamentally enabling entrepreneurship with a comprehensive support structure. The CVCF considers the strategic positioning to optimally provide sufficient support in a given environment while enabling entrepreneurship through providing funding and support services essential for overcoming commercialising challenges. The CVCF considers the value proposition for investors, partnerships and entrepreneurial teams to mutually benefit in collaboration. The inclusive solution developed is verified as an authentic and trustworthy best practice from the literature review. Using an enterprise engineering methodology, the output of the CVCF is further verified by the enterprise engineering structural components. The CVCF was then validated by structured interviews with thirteen entrepreneurs, innovators and business developers to confirm the results from the literature review, while the application of the CVCF using a case study example was validated with five semi-structured interviews with business developers, managers, and executives. The feedback was then used to adjust the framework accordingly and it was found that the CVCF provides a comprehensive and inclusive solution and has created a new paradigm in the application of entrepreneurship and innovation. The significance of this research study is the holistic conceptual framework developed that utilises and combines cooperative and venture capital models with multiple other solutions interdependently enabling the creation of a new paradigm in thinking. This is crucial in addressing the complex problem of commercialising intellectual property or technology for a socio-economic impact. Other significant aspects also include the lean growth and enterprise engineering methodology created. ii | P a g e Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za OPSOMMING Entrepreneurskap en innovasie vervul die afgelope eeu ’n kernrol, en navorsing het in die onlangse dekades aansienlik toegeneem. Die bewese verband tussen entrepreneurskap en innovasie is noodsaaklik vir die ontwikkeling van ’n mededingende voordeel vir alle organisasies en streke. Tog is sekere instaatstellers nodig om entrepreneurskap en innovasie werklik doeltreffend te benut om sosio-ekonomiese ontwikkeling teweeg te bring en ’n impak te hê. Die probleem waarop die literatuur dui, is die uitdagings verbonde aan die kommersialisering van intellektuele eiendom of tegnologie. Sowel interne as eksterne faktore blyk die proses en sukses van kommersialisering te beïnvloed. Daarom is ’n innovasiepyplyn ter ondersteuning en bevordering van entrepreneurskap en innovasie van die allergrootste belang om sosio-ekonomiese ontwikkelingsvoordele tot gevolg te hê. Die navorsingsargument is gegrond op die teorie van konstruktivisme, waarvolgens kennis versamel en gerekonstrueer word, en word gerig deur ’n stelselsingenieurswesebenadering as navorsingsmetode. ’n Komplekse probleem word na aanleiding van ’n literatuuroorsig uitgewys en daarna in eenheidsprobleme verdeel. Op grond van die literatuur word eenheidsoplossings dan vir die eenheidsprobleme gevind en in ontwerpkriteria vir die holistiese konseptuele raamwerk omskep. Die koöperatiewe waagkapitaalraamwerk (“CVCF”) wat uit die ontwerpkriteria ontstaan, bied ’n gepaste konseptuele oplossing vir die ontwikkeling van ’n innovasiepyplyn deur ’n fundamentele en omvattende steunstruktuur vir entrepreneurskap te skep. Die CVCF neem in ag watter strategiese posisionering optimale steun in ’n bepaalde omgewing sal bied, en dien terselfdertyd as instaatsteller vir entrepreneurskap deur noodsaaklike finansiering en steundienste te voorsien om kommersialiseringsuitdagings te bowe te kom. Boonop hou die CVCF rekening met die waardevoorstel sodat beleggers, vennootskappe en entrepreneurspanne wedersydse voordele uit die samewerking kan put. Die inklusiewe oplossing wat die navorsing voorstel, word aan die hand van beste praktyke in die literatuur as outentiek en betroubaar bevestig. Daarbenewens word die uitset van die CVCF ook op grond van die strukturele komponente van ondernemingsingenieurswese geverifieer. Hierna word die CVCF deur middel van gestruktureerde onderhoude met 13 entrepreneurs, innoveerders en sakeontwikkelaars gestaaf om die resultate van die literatuuroorsig te bevestig. Die toepassing van die CVCF met behulp van ’n gevallestudievoorbeeld word op sy beurt met vyf semigestruktureerde onderhoude met sakeontwikkelaars en bestuurders gestaaf. Ná die nodige aanpassings aan die raamwerk op grond van deelnemerterugvoer word daar bevind dat die CVCF ’n omvattende en inklusiewe oplossing bied en ’n nuwe paradigma skep vir die toepassing van entrepeneurskap en innovasie. Hierdie navorsingstudie lewer ’n beduidende bydrae deur ’n holistiese konseptuele raamwerk te ontwikkel wat koöperatiewe en waagkapitaalmodelle in kombinasie met verskeie ander oplossings gebruik om ’n nuwe denkwyse te skep. Dít dien as oplossing vir die komplekse probleem van die kommersialisering van intellektuele eiendom of tegnologie vir sosio-ekonomiese impak. Ander belangrike bydraes sluit in die metodologie van soepel groei en ondernemingsingenieurswese wat in die loop van die navorsing geskep word. iii | P a g e Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: THE RESEARCH JOURNEY 1.1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 2 1.2. PRELIMINARY LITERATURE REVIEW .................................................................................... 2 1.2.1. INNOVATION ECOSYSTEMS ........................................................................................... 2 1.2.2. INNOVATION MODELS.................................................................................................... 3 1.2.3. VENTURE CAPITAL MODELS .......................................................................................... 3 1.2.4. START-UP BUSINESS STRATEGY & GROWTH MODELS ............................................ 4 1.2.5. COOPERATIVES MODELS ................................................................................................ 5 1.2.6. KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT MODELS ....................................................................... 5 1.2.7. SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................... 5 1.3. RESEARCH PURPOSE & SCOPE .............................................................................................. 6 1.4. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................... 6 1.4.1. RESEARCH METHOD & DESIGN .................................................................................... 7 1.4.1.1. SYSTEMS ENGINEERING APPROACH ................................................................... 8 1.4.1.2. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK .................................................................................
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