DOCSLIB.ORG

Integrated Coastal Zone Management In

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Integrated Coastal Zone Management In Climate of Coastal Cooperation “Sharing 20 years of experiences in integrated coastal cooperation is sharing our trust in long term, sustainable development of coastal resources and in finding resilient, adaptive responses to climate change for valuable and vulnerable coastal areas” Robbert Misdorp – Editor 2011 List of contents Message 7 Joop Atsma - State Secretary of Infrastructure and the Environment, the Netherlands Preface 8 Wim Kuijken - Delta Government Commissioner, the Netherlands Foreword 9 Ursula Schaefer-Preuss -Vice President of the Asian Development Bank, Philippines Statements 10 Cees Veerman - Chairman Second Delta State Committee 10 Jeroen van der Sommen - Director Netherlands Water Partnership 11 Albert Salman - Director Coastal & Marine Union - EUCC 12 Executive Summary 14 Robbert Misdorp Part I - Coastal cooperation in Europe 19 I-1 EU–IntegratedCoastalZoneManagementInitiatives 20 IntroductoryStatement 21 Jacqueline McGlade - Executive Director European Environmental Agency I-1-1 IntegratedCoastalZoneManagementintheEuropeanUnion 22 Birgit Snoeren, Niels Roode, Hugo Niesing I-1-2 ExamplesofICZMpracticesinEurope 24 Albert Salman, Alan Pickaver I-1-3 Conclusions 26 I-2 TheNetherlands-coastalplanningandimplementation 27 IntroductoryStatement:“Vision,ingenuityandleadership” 29 Seen van der Plas - former Permanent Secretary of the Netherlands Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management I-2-1 TheNetherlands:flood,erosionandmanagement 32 Niels Roode, Tjark van Heuvel, Robbert Misdorp I-2-2 Rotterdam:sustainableharbourdevelopment 34 Robbert Misdorp I-2-3 MarineSpatialPlanning 36 Leo de Vrees I-2-4 Riverpollutionandcoastalsedimentquality 38 Remi Laane, Jos van Gils, Robbert Misdorp, Kees Kramer I-2-5 Challengesforthe21stcentury 40 Marcel Stive, Mark van Koningsveld, Robbert Misdorp I-2-6 Conclusions 42 I-3 Romania-ICZMplanninginaninitialstage 43 IntroductoryStatement 45 Ana Lucia Varga - former State Secretary of the Romanian Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development I-3-1 ICZMinRomania 46 Claudia Coman I-3-2 TheDanubeDelta:backtonature 48 Adrian Stanica I-3-3 Conclusions 50 I-4 SynthesisPartI-Europe 51 Gerrit Baarse, Robbert Misdorp Part II - Coastal Cooperation in Asia and Island States 53 Introduction 54 Asia:ahighlydynamiccontinent Robbert Misdorp II-1 Bangladesh-Hazards,VulnerabilitiesandICZM,InstitutionsandNGOs 57 IntroductoryStatement 59 Md. Abu Tahar Khandakar - Director General Water Resource Planning Organization II-1-1 Bangladesh’sVulnerabilitytoClimateChange 60 Saleemal Huq, Mozaharul Alam II-1-2 ThestimulatingroleofNGOs 62 Mohiuddin Ahmad, Atiq Rahman II-1-3 Bangladish’sICZMeffortsinpractice 64 Rafiq Islam II-1-4 Conclusions 65 II-2 China-Rapidrateofchangeinthecoastalzone 67 II-2-1 Shanghai:from‘BlackandStink’tocleanSuzhouCreek 68 Peter Kerssens, Chen MeiFa II-2-2 YellowRiverDelta-supportforsustainabledevelopment 70 Leo de Vrees, Wang Zheng Bing, Marcel Marchand II-2-3 ICZMandapplicationGeosciencesintheChinesecoastalzone 72 Yin Ping, He Qixiang, Jun Li, Cees Laban, Marit Brommer II-2-4 CoastalurbanizationandcreatingEco-cities 74 Dick Kevelam, Peter Head, Frank de Graaf, James Wu II-2-5 Conclusions 76 II-3 India-IntegratedManagement:conceptsandpractices 77 II-3-1 Interdisciplinaryapproachtowatermanagement 78 Jayanta Bandyopadhyay II-3-2 DecisionsupportsystemforICMAM 80 B.R. Subramaniam, Saskia Werners, Joop de Schutter, M.V. Ramana Murthy II-3-3 Artificialreefs 82 J.K. Patterson Edward, Rob J. Leewis II-3-4 TropicalcyclonesandtheaddedvalueofICZM 84 Marcel Marchand, Peter Winchester II-3-5 Coastalprotectionguidelines 86 Kees Dorst II-3-6 Conclusions 88 II-4 Indonesia-Sustainablerestoration 89 II-4-1 Sustainable,posttsunamirestorationofAceh-Indonesia 90 Odelinde Nieuwenhuis, Ibrahim Salwa, Jeroen Alberts II-5 Seychelles-Thepearlofcoastalconservationandsustainabledevelopment 93 IntroductoryStatement Rolph Payet -Special Advisor to the President of the Seychelles II-5-1 Tsunamimitigation-Natureconservationpaysoff 94 Rolph Payet, Alain de Comarmond II-6 SriLanka-TheAsiancountrywiththelongestICZMhistory 96 II-6-1 SriLanka:DecadesofICZMExperience 96 Dianeetha Sadacharan II-6-2 Conclusions-Indonesia,SeychellesandSriLanka 98 II-7 Thailand-AquacultureandfisheriesinanICZMframe 99 II-7-1 Thaiaquaculture:lessonsforshrimpfarming 100 Somsak Boromthanarat, Rob Leewis, Robbert Misdorp II-7-2 Fisheriesandco-managementinpractice 102 Yves Henocque, Sanchai Tandavanitj II-7-3 Conclusions 104 II-8 Vietnam-Holisticapproachforcoastalproblems 105 IntroductoryStatement 107 Pham Khoi Nguyen-Minister of Natural Resources and Environment II-8-1 Vietnam:twodecadesofcoastalcooperation 108 Hua Chien Thang, Robbert Misdorp, Harrie Laboyrie, Hans Pos, Rien van Zetten, Nguyen Ngoc Huan II-8-2 RemoteSensingapplicationsintheTTHueProvince 110 Tran Dinh Lan, Tom Bucx, Robbert Misdorp II-8-3 Awarenessraisingthroughaneducationalprogramme 112 Marta Vahtar,Le Van Thu, Le Thi Anh Dao, Pham Toan, Robbert Misdorp II-8-4 IntegratedknowledgeforqualityadviseintheTTHueProvince 114 Mindert de Vries, Ton That Phap, Le Van Thu, Thi The Nguyen, Robbert Misdorp II-8-5 Capacitybuilding:HydraulicsandCoastalEngineering 116 Gerrit-Jan Schiereck, Vu Minh Cat, Marcel Stive, Robbert Misdorp II-8-6 CapacitybuildingandtrainingforICZM 118 Marcel Marchand, Ho Thi Yen Thu, Henk Jan Verhagen II-8-7 Conclusions 120 II-9 SynthesisPartII-Asia 122 Gerrit Baarse, Robbert Misdorp Part III - Concepts, Tools and Measures 125 III-1 WhatisICZM? 126 BasicelementsofCoastalCooperation Robbert Misdorp III-2 WhyICZM? 130 Triggers,impactsandlongtimeseries Robbert Misdorp III-3 HowICZM:PlanningandImplementingICZMprogrammes 133 III-3-1 Introductions 134 III-3-1-1 UNEPStatement 134 Ibrahim Thiaw, Director UNEP III-3-1-2 Introduction 136 Robbert Misdorp III-3-2 DownloadableManagementPlanningTools 137 III-3-2-1 TheroleofGeospatialTechnologyforICZM 142 Henk Scholten, Tjark van Heuvel III-3-2-2 TheCOSMO-line:interactivetoolsforICZM 142 Marcel Taal III-3-2-3 CoastLearn:atrainingtoolfacilitatinginternationalcooperation 144 Maria Ferreira, Carolina Perez, Hugo Niesing III-3-2-4 RAMCO:anintegratedassessmenttoolforCZM 147 Hedwig van Delden, Roel Vanhout III-3-2-5 DR-EIA:DocumentRetrievalandExpertSystemforE.I.A 150 Joop L.G. de Schutter III-3-2-6 STREAM:aspatialtoolforanalysesinriverbasins 152 Jeroen Aerts, Hans de Moel III-3-2-7 CapacitybuildingessentialformanagementofMarineProtectedAreas 155 Carien van Zwol, Julius Francis III-3-3 Examplesofinnovativeadaptivecoastalmeasures 159 III-3-3-1 BuildingwithNature:principlesandexamples 160 Ronald E. Waterman III-3-3-2 SandNourishment 164 Tjark van Heuvel III-3-3-3 Floodproofarchitecture 167 Johan van der Pol III-3-3-4 Bangladesh-adaptingtocyclonestormsurges:sheltersandschools 169 Atiq Rahman, Rafiq Islam III-3-3-5 Solarenergy:desalinatingseawaterintofreshwater 172 Hugo Niesing III-3-3-6 InnovativeHomeSanitation:saveswater,livesandmoney 174 Daniel Vandy III-3-3-7 Mangrovereplanting 176 Dang Van Tao, Nguyen Hung Ha III-3-3-8 Floatingvegetablebedcultivation 179 Atiq Rahman III-4 Conclusionsonconcepts,toolsandmeasures 181 Gerrit Baarse, Robbert Misdorp Part IV - Coastal Cooperation: Join the action 185 IV-1 Learningexperiencesandrecommendationsforactions 186 Gerrit Baarse and Robbert Misdorp IV-1-1 Mainlearningexperiences 186 IV-1-2 Recommendationsforactions 188 IV-2 Perspectivesandaddressesforcoastalcooperation 193 IV-2-1 Thekeyforadaptationisdevelopment 193 Luitzen Bijlsma IV-2-2 Acallforactionandcooperation 195 Pier Vellinga Part V - Appendices 197 V-1 Listofdownloadabledocuments 198 V-1-1 Fourtrainingmanuals–PDFs V-1-2 FiveICZMPlanningtools–DemosofCCCIII-3-2tools V-2 Alphabeticlistofthe101CCC-Authorsandtheire-mailaddresses 199 V-3 Acknowledgements 205 - The country conclusions of Part I and II are written by Gerrit Baarse and Robbert Misdorp Message from JoopAtsma State Secretary of Infrastructure and the Environment, the Netherlands More than sixty percent of the world’s population lives within 60 kilometers of the coast. The world’s coastal zones represent a precious resource. They are vital to international trade, habitation, wildlife, travel, recreation and energy capture. Economic development, social development and protection of the environment are equally important. The management of coastal resources is quite a challenge. Many coastal zones are placed under intense pressures. Nations and communities must balance the benefits of short-term resource exploitation with long-term resilience. Adaptation to climate change has become a priority policy issue around the world. As State Secretary of Infrastructure and the Environment, I am responsible for water policy in the Netherlands. A fascinating job! The Netherlands is a dynamic and densely-populated delta. It has a long tradition of water management; our ancestors have been ‘water managers’ for almost one thousand years. Given its vulnerable position in a low-lying delta, coastal zone management and flood protection are of the utmost importance to the Netherlands. We have chosen an adaptation strategy in which we look one hundred years into the future. Our Delta Programme identifies appropriate policies to protect the country from high water and secure its freshwater supply for today and the future. We have learned how to keep our feet dry with infrastructure and engineering. And we have learned to find solutions in which Mother Nature lends a helping hand. An eye-catching example is the so- called
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Sea State in Marine Safety Information Present State, Future Prospects
    Sea State in Marine Safety Information Present State, future prospects Henri SAVINA – Jean-Michel LEFEVRE Météo-France Rogue Waves 2004, Brest 20-22 October 2004 JCOMM Joint WMO/IOC Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology The future of Operational Oceanography Intergovernmental body of technical experts in the field of oceanography and marine meteorology, with a mandate to prepare both regulatory (what Member States shall do) and guidance (what Member States should do) material. TheThe visionvision ofof JCOMMJCOMM Integrated ocean observing system Integrated data management State-of-the-art technologies and capabilities New products and services User responsiveness and interaction Involvement of all maritime countries JCOMM structure Terms of Reference Expert Team on Maritime Safety Services • Monitor / review operations of marine broadcast systems, including GMDSS and others for vessels not covered by the SOLAS convention •Monitor / review technical and service quality standards for meteo and oceano MSI, particularly for the GMDSS, and provide assistance and support to Member States • Ensure feedback from users is obtained through appropriate channels and applied to improve the relevance, effectiveness and quality of services • Ensure effective coordination and cooperation with organizations, bodies and Member States on maritime safety issues • Propose actions as appropriate to meet requirements for international coordination of meteorological and related communication services • Provide advice to the SCG and other Groups of JCOMM on issues related to MSS Chair selected by Commission. OPEN membership, including representatives of the Issuing Services for GMDSS, of IMO, IHO, ICS, IMSO, and other user groups GMDSS Global Maritime Distress & Safety System Defined by IMO for the provision of MSI and the coordination of SAR alerts on a global basis.
    [Show full text]
  • Headland Sediment Bypassing Processes
    UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS HEADLAND SEDIMENT BYPASSING PROCESSES Doutoramento em Geologia Especialidade em Geodinâmica Externa Mónica Sofia Afonso Ribeiro Tese orientada por: Professor Doutor Rui Pires de Matos Taborda Doutora Aurora da Conceição Coutinho Rodrigues Bizarro Documento especialmente elaborado para a obtenção do grau de doutor 2017 UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS HEADLAND SEDIMENT BYPASSING PROCESSES Doutoramento em Geologia Especialidade em Geodinâmica Externa Mónica Sofia Afonso Ribeiro Tese orientada por: Professor Doutor Rui Pires de Matos Taborda Doutora Aurora da Conceição Coutinho Rodrigues Bizarro Júri: Presidente: ● Doutora Maria da Conceição Pombo de Freitas Vogais: ● Doutor António Henrique da Fontoura Klein ● Doutor Óscar Manuel Fernandes Cerveira Ferreira ● Doutora Anabela Tavares Campos Oliveira ● Doutor César Augusto Canelhas Freire de Andrade ● Doutor Rui Pires de Matos Taborda Documento especialmente elaborado para a obtenção do grau de doutor Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, no âmbito da Bolsa de Doutoramento com a referência SFRH/BD/79126/2011 2017 Em memória do meu irmão Luís Acknowledgments | Agradecimentos O doutoramento é um processo exigente, por vezes solitário, mas que só é possível com o apoio e a colaboração de outras pessoas e instituições. Portanto, resta-me agradecer a todos os que contribuíram para a conclusão deste trabalho. Em primeiro lugar agradeço aos meus orientadores, Rui Taborda e Aurora Bizarro, que têm acompanhado o meu trabalho desde os meus primeiros passos na Geologia Marinha, já lá vão 10 anos! A eles agradeço o incentivo para iniciar este projeto, o apoio demonstrado em todas as fases do trabalho, a confiança e a amizade. Ao Rui agradeço, em particular, a partilha e discussão de ideias e os desafios constantes que me permitiram evoluir.
    [Show full text]
  • North Pacific Ocean
    468 ¢ U.S. Coast Pilot 7, Chapter 11 31 MAY 2020 Chart Coverage in Coast Pilot 7—Chapter 11 124° NOAA’s Online Interactive Chart Catalog has complete chart coverage 18480 http://www.charts.noaa.gov/InteractiveCatalog/nrnc.shtml 126° 125° Cape Beale V ANCOUVER ISLAND (CANADA) 18485 Cape Flattery S T R A I T O F Neah Bay J U A N D E F U C A Cape Alava 18460 48° Cape Johnson QUILLAYUTE RIVER W ASHINGTON HOH RIVER Hoh Head 18480 QUEETS RIVER RAFT RIVER Cape Elizabeth QUINAULT RIVER COPALIS RIVER Aberdeen 47° GRAYS HARBOR CHEHALIS RIVER 18502 18504 Willapa NORTH PA CIFIC OCEAN WILLAPA BAY South Bend 18521 Cape Disappointment COLUMBIA RIVER 18500 Astoria 31 MAY 2020 U.S. Coast Pilot 7, Chapter 11 ¢ 469 Columbia River to Strait of Juan De Fuca, Washington (1) This chapter describes the Pacific coast of the State (15) of Washington from the Washington-Oregon border at the ENCs - US3WA03M, US3WA03M mouth of the Columbia River to the northwesternmost Chart - 18500 point at Cape Flattery. The deep-draft ports of South Bend and Raymond, in Willapa Bay, and the deep-draft ports of (16) From Cape Disappointment, the coast extends Hoquiam and Aberdeen, in Grays Harbor, are described. north for 22 miles to Willapa Bay as a low sandy beach, In addition, the fishing port of La Push is described. The with sandy ridges about 20 feet high parallel with the most outlying dangers are Destruction Island and Umatilla shore. Back of the beach, the country is heavily wooded.
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring High-End Climate Change Scenarios for Flood Protection of the Netherlands
    Scientific report ; WR 2009-05 Exploring high-end climate change scenarios for flood protection of the Netherlands Pier Vellinga, Caroline Katsman, Andreas Sterl, Jules Beersma, Wilco Hazeleger, John Church, Robert Kopp, Dick Kroon, Michael Oppenheimer, Hans-Peter Plag, Stefan Rahmstorf, Jason Lowe, Jeff Ridley, Hans von Storch, David Vaughan, Roderik van de Wal, Ralf Weisse, Jaap Kwadijk, Rita Lammersen and Natasha Marinova De Bilt, 2009 KNMI scientific report = wetenschappelijk rapport; WR 2009-05 De Bilt, 2009 PO Box 201 3730 AE De Bilt Wilhelminalaan 10 De Bilt The Netherlands http://www.knmi.nl Telephone +31(0)30-220 69 11 Telefax +31(0)30-221 04 07 © KNMI, De Bilt. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval systems, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. zzzz Exploring high-end climate change scenarios for flood protection of the Netherlands International Scientific Assessment carried out at request of the Delta Committee The Netherlands, September 2008 Pier Vellinga, Caroline Katsman, Andreas Sterl, Jules Beersma, Wilco Hazeleger, John Church, Robert Kopp, Dick Kroon, Michael Oppenheimer, Hans-Peter Plag, Stefan Rahmstorf, Jason Lowe, Jeff Ridley, Hans von Storch, David Vaughan, Roderik van de Wal, Ralf Weisse, Jaap Kwadijk, Rita Lammersen, Natasha Marinova This scientific report is a joint publication by Wageningen University and Research Centre / Alterra and the
    [Show full text]
  • Summary for Policymakers Climate Change 2001
    SUMMARY FOR POLICYMAKERS CLIMATE CHANGE 2001: IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITY A Report of Working Group II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change This summary, approved in detail at the Sixth Session of IPCC Working Group II (Geneva, Switzerland • 13-16 February 2001), represents the formally agreed statement of the IPCC concerning the sensitivity, adaptive capacity, and vulnerability of natural and human systems to climate change, and the potential consequences of climate change. Based on a draft prepared by: Q.K. Ahmad, Oleg Anisimov, Nigel Arnell, Sandra Brown, Ian Burton, Max Campos, Osvaldo Canziani, Timothy Carter, Stewart J. Cohen, Paul Desanker, William Easterling, B. Blair Fitzharris, Donald Forbes, Habiba Gitay, Andrew Githeko, Patrick Gonzalez, Duane Gubler, Sujata Gupta, Andrew Haines, Hideo Harasawa, Jarle Inge Holten, Bubu Pateh Jallow, Roger Jones, Zbigniew Kundzewicz, Murari Lal, Emilio Lebre La Rovere, Neil Leary, Rik Leemans, Chunzhen Liu, Chris Magadza, Martin Manning, Luis Jose Mata, James McCarthy, Roger McLean, Anthony McMichael, Kathleen Miller, Evan Mills, M. Monirul Qader Mirza, Daniel Murdiyarso, Leonard Nurse, Camille Parmesan, Martin Parry, Jonathan Patz, Michel Petit, Olga Pilifosova, Barrie Pittock, Jeff Price, Terry Root, Cynthia Rosenzweig, Jose Sarukhan, John Schellnhuber, Stephen Schneider, Robert Scholes, Michael Scott, Graham Sem, Barry Smit, Joel Smith, Brent Sohngen, Alla Tsyban, Jean-Pascal van Ypersele, Pier Vellinga, Richard War rick, Tom Wilbanks, Alistair Woo d w a r d, David Wratt, and many rev i e w e r s . CONTENTS 1. In t ro d u c t i o n 3 2. Emergent Findings 3 2. 1 . Recent Regional Climate Changes, particularly Temperature Increases, have Already Af fected Many Physical and Biological Systems 3 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Waves and Tides the Preceding Sections Have Dealt with the Types Of
    CHAPTER XIV Waves and Tides .......................................................................................................... Introduction The preceding sections have dealt with the types of motion in the ocean that bring about transport of water massesin a definite direction during a considerable length of time. They have also dealt with the random motion, the turbulence, which is superimposed upon the general flow. Besidesthese types, one has also to consider the oscillating motion characteristic of waves. In general, this motion manifests itself to the observer more by the riseand fall of the sea surface than by the motion of the individual water particles. Waves have attracted attention since before the beginning of recorded history, and in recent years they have been the subject of extensive theoretical studies. Surveys of our knowledge as to the character of ocean waves have been presented by Cornish (1912, 1934), Krtimmel (1911), Patton and Mariner (1932) and by Defant (1929). Lamb (1932) has discussed the hydrodynamic theories of waves, and Thorade (1931) has given a comprehensive review of the theoretical studies of ocean waves and has compiled a long list of literature covering the period from 1687 to 1930. Our understanding of the waves of the ocean, how they are formed and how they travel, is as yet by no means complete. The reason is, in the first place, that actual observations at sea are so difficult that the characteristicsof the waves cannot easily be determined. In the second place, the theories that serve to bring the observed sequence of events in nature into intimate connection with experience gained by other methods of study are still incomplete, particularly because most theories are based on classicalhydrodynamics, which deal with wave motion in an idealized fluid.
    [Show full text]
  • Ocean Wave Forecasting at ECMWF
    Ocean Wave Forecasting at ECMWF Jean-Raymond Bidlot Marine Aspects Section Predictability Division of the Research Department European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (E.C.M.W.F.) Reading, UK Slide 1 Ocean waves: We are dealing with wind generated waves at the surface of the oceans, from gentle to rough … Ocean wave Forecasting at ECMWF Slide 2 Ocean Waves Forcing: earthquake wind moon/sun Restoring: gravity surface tension Coriolis force 10.0 1.0 0.03 3x10-3 2x10-5 1x10-5 Frequency (Hz) Ocean wave Forecasting at ECMWF Slide 3 What we are dealing with? Water surface elevation, η Wave Period, T Wave Length, λ Wave Height, H Ocean wave Forecasting at ECMWF Slide 4 Wave Spectrum l The irregular water surface can be decomposed into (infinite) number of simple sinusoidal components with different frequencies (f) and propagation directions (θ ). l The distribution of wave energy among those components is called: “wave spectrum”, F(f,θ). Ocean wave Forecasting at ECMWF Slide 5 l Modern ocean wave prediction systems are based on statistical description of oceans waves (i.e. ensemble average of individual waves). l The sea state is described by the two-dimensional wave spectrum F(f,θ). Ocean Wave Modelling Ocean Wave Modelling Ocean wave Forecasting at ECMWF Slide 6 Ocean Wave Modelling l For example, the mean variance of the sea surface elevation η due to waves is given by: 〈η2〉 = F( f ,θ)dfdθ ∫∫ l The mean energy associated with those waves is: 2 energy= ρηw g l The statistical measure for wave height, called the significant wave height (Hs): 2 H s = 4 η The term significant wave height is historical as this value appeared to be well correlated with visual estimates of wave height from experienced observers.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate Institute Brochure
    CLIMATE INSTITUTE PROTECTING THE BALANCE BETWEEN CLIMATE AND LIFE ON EARTH Since its creation in 1986, the Climate Institute has been a leader in both catalyzing innovative and practical policy solutions towards climate stabilization, and educating the general public of the gravity of climate change impacts. Serving as a bridge between the scientific community and policy-makers, the Climate Institute has managed to develop flexible frameworks now being used as serious starting points for international negotiations. Working with an extensive network of experts and alliances in the US and internationally, the Institute has become a respected facilitator of dialogue to move the world toward more effective cooperation while cementing long-term partnerships for global climate balance. Our achievements include: G Organizing the first broad-scale climate change G Launching the Environmental Leadership Program, conference in North America in 1987, the first an internship program that has trained and placed climate change symposium for UN missions in over 150 students in environmental projects 1988, and the first major climate conference in G Releasing in 2008, Sudden and Disruptive the Middle East in 1989 in Cairo, Egypt Climate Change: Exploring the Real Risks and G Co-authoring and editing much of the impact How We Can Avoid Them, a compilation of section of the Intergovernmental Panel on presentations by scientists and experts on Climate Change (IPCC) First Assessment Report innovative responses to climate change G Coordinating Climate Impacts
    [Show full text]
  • Remote Sensing
    remote sensing Article Contribution of Remote Sensing Technologies to a Holistic Coastal and Marine Environmental Management Framework: A Review Badr El Mahrad 1,2,3,* , Alice Newton 3, John D. Icely 3,4 , Ilias Kacimi 2, Samuel Abalansa 3 and Maria Snoussi 5 1 Murray Foundation, Brabners LLP, Horton House, Exchange Street, Liverpool L2 3YL, UK 2 Laboratory of Geoscience, Water and Environment, (LG2E-CERNE2D), Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Rabat 10000, Morocco; [email protected]. 3 CIMA, FCT-Gambelas Campus, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; [email protected] (A.N.); [email protected] (J.D.I.); [email protected] (S.A.) 4 Sagremarisco, Apartado 21, 8650-999 Vila do Bispo, Portugal 5 Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Rabat 10000, Morocco; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 1 May 2020; Accepted: 13 July 2020; Published: 18 July 2020 Abstract: Coastal and marine management require the evaluation of multiple environmental threats and issues. However, there are gaps in the necessary data and poor access or dissemination of existing data in many countries around the world. This research identifies how remote sensing can contribute to filling these gaps so that environmental agencies, such as the United Nations Environmental Programme, European Environmental Agency, and International Union for Conservation of Nature, can better implement environmental directives in a cost-effective manner. Remote sensing (RS) techniques generally allow for uniform data collection, with common acquisition and reporting methods, across large areas. Furthermore, these datasets are sometimes open-source, mainly when governments finance satellite missions.
    [Show full text]
  • Boek Canon a ENG V3 23-03-2007 13:47 Pagina 1
    * omslag Canon Engels 27-03-2007 11:42 Pagina 1 AK A Key to History Dutch to ey Dutch History report by the committee for the development of the dutch canon Many think they know the legends behind tulipmania A Key to and the legacy of the Dutch East India Company, the cultural canon of the netherlands the cultural but what basic knowledge of Dutch history and culture should be passed on to future generations? A Key to Dutch History and its resulting overview Dutch of historical highlights, assembled by a number of specialists in consultation with the Dutch general public, provides a thought-provoking and timely answer. The democratic process behind the volume is History reminiscent of the way in which the Netherlands has succeeded for centuries at collective craftsmanship, the cultural canon and says as much about the Netherlands as does the outcome of the opinions voiced. of the netherlands 978 90 5356 498 1 Amsterdam University Press www.aup.nl Amsterdam University Press boek Canon A ENG V3 23-03-2007 13:47 Pagina 1 A Key to Dutch History boek Canon A ENG V3 23-03-2007 13:47 Pagina 2 This iron clock was found on Nova Zembla. On 18 May 1596, two ships left Amsterdam for a reconnoitring expedition in the Arctic. The ship with expedition leader Willem Barentsz and captain Jacob van Heemskerck on board reached the island of Nova Zembla in the northernmost part of Russia and became icebound. The seventeen crew members were forced to spend the winter on the island.
    [Show full text]
  • The Risk of Sea Level Rise
    THE RISK OF SEA LEVEL RISE:∗ A Delphic Monte Carlo Analysis in which Twenty Researchers Specify Subjective Probability Distributions for Model Coefficients within their Respective Areas of Expertise James G. Titus∗∗ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Vijay Narayanan Technical Resources International Abstract. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change requires nations to implement measures for adapting to rising sea level and other effects of changing climate. To decide upon an appropriate response, coastal planners and engineers must weigh the cost of these measures against the likely cost of failing to prepare, which depends on the probability of the sea rising a particular amount. This study estimates such a probability distribution, using models employed by previous assessments, as well as the subjective assessments of twenty climate and glaciology reviewers about the values of particular model coefficients. The reviewer assumptions imply a 50 percent chance that the average global temperature will rise 2°C degrees, as well as a 5 percent chance that temperatures will rise 4.7°C by 2100. The resulting impact of climate change on sea level has a 50 percent chance of exceeding 34 cm and a 1% chance of exceeding one meter by the year 2100, as well as a 3 percent chance of a 2 meter rise and a 1 percent chance of a 4 meter rise by the year 2200. The models and assumptions employed by this study suggest that greenhouse gases have contributed 0.5 mm/yr to sea level over the last century. Tidal gauges suggest that sea level is rising about 1.8 mm/yr worldwide, and 2.5-3.0 mm/yr along most of the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Wind and the Waves
    The wind and the waves The windway Wave wars Graveyards Conflicting seas 17 The windway Sept-Îles Swell and wind waves Waves that have been formed elsewhere or before the wind - “We have to cross to Anticosti today, or we'll have trouble changed direction are called swell. The swell can be an indication tomorrow. They're calling for 30 knot winds tomorrow and the of approaching winds. sea will be too high for my liking. Sailing is a lot of fun, but you If the waves are flowing in the same direction as the wind, how- need strong nerves.” ever, you are looking at wind waves. If the wind should shift, you will encounter cross seas Fetch If there were never any wind, the St Lawrence would be a gigantic mirror, rising and falling with the tides. But that is not the case at all. Fetch: 50 nautical miles The St Lawrence is a vast surface that can be whipped up into Duration: 6 hours violent seas depending on the direction, duration and speed of the wind. Fetch is the distance over which the wind has been blowing from the same direction. The longer the fetch, the higher and longer WIND 15 KNOTS = WAVES 1.5 METRES = LENGTH 25 METRES the waves. After 12 hours at the same speed, though, the wind has almost no effect on the waves, except that it may cause them to lengthen, distance permitting. WIND 25 KNOTS = WAVES 3 METRES = LENGTH 32 METRES Since the fetch is limited on the St Lawrence, the waves cannot lengthen as much as they do out in the open ocean, so they often become very steep.
    [Show full text]