Volume 1 Introduction Inventorya-E

NSW DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE CORRECTIVE SERVICES NSW

HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER

VOLUME 1 INTRODUCTION INVENTORYA-E

1 JUNE 2017 NSW Government DFS Report No.Corrective 08115 Services NSW

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

copyright - Government Architect’s Office Department of Finance and Services report# 08115 McKell Building 2-24 Rawson Place, Sydney NSW 2000 August 2012 Tel: 02 9372 8409 Fax: 02 9372 8487 www.services.nsw.gov.au

editor - Matthew Devine contributors - Matthew Devine, Susie Hoppe, Caitlin Allen, Bruce Pettman graphic design - Jacqueline Power

cover image - Former chapel (now demolished), Bathurst Correctional Centre, c1890 source - Corrective Services NSW

updated - GML Heritage June 2017 L e v e l 6, 372 Elizabeth Street S u r r y Hills, NSW 2010 Tel: 02 9318 4811 www.gml.com.au

contributors – Stela Rahman, Catherine Macarthur

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

PREFACE

Penal Institutions have been an integral part of the European history of Australia since New South Wales was established as a penal colony for convicted felons in 1788. Some of the earliest public buildings constructed after the first European landing were gaols and barracks to house convicts. As the rest of the country opened up to European settlers, gaols were established in strategic country locations to consolidate government authority.

Today, Corrective Services NSW owns and manages some of the most significant heritage properties in Australia. These properties not only serve the purposes of Corrective Services, but also act as a repository of important layers of Australian history that tell us much about ourselves as a people and as a nation.

State government instrumentalities and corporations are major custodians of our heritage assets, and as such have responsibility for managing the State’s heritage. Corrective Services is one of over 80 NSW Government agencies which own or manage heritage assets, and these assets form a significant part of overall Government property holdings. In accordance with State Government policy, Corrective Services NSW has an important role in recognising and caring for its heritage assets on behalf of the community. The preparation of this Register shows a commitment from Corrective Services NSW towards sound management of its significant portfolio of heritage assets.

The following Heritage & Conservation Register is part of a suite of documents which have been prepared to fulfill Corrective Services’ obligations to its heritage assets under the Heritage Act 1977 (NSW).

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND 1.1.1 Update of Draft Heritage & Conservation Register (S.170 Register) 1.2 ASSET MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS OF THE NSW HERITAGE ACT 1977

1.2.1 Heritage & Conservation Register (S.170 Register)

1.3 PRELIMINARY HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER

1.4 METHODOLOGY AND LIMITATIONS

1.5 ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

1.5.1 Assessment Criteria

1.5.2 Rankings of Significance

1.6 CURTILAGE ANALYSES

1.6.1 Emu Plains Correctional Centre

1.6.2 Kirkconnell Correctional Centre

1.6.3 St Helier’s Correctional Centre

1.7 DELETED ITEMS

1.8 FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF THIS REGISTER

1.9 AUTHORSHIP

1.10 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

1.11 FUTURE ACTIONS

2.0 HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER:

BATHURST CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

BERRIMA CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

BROKEN HILL CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

COOMA CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

VOLUME 2

2.0 HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER CONTINUED

E - L

EMU PLAINS CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

GOULBURN CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

GRAFTON CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

KIRKCONNELL CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

LONG BAY CORRECTIONAL COMPLEX

VOLUME 3 2.0 HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER CONTINUED

M - Z

MARY WADE CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

SILVERWATER CORRECTIONAL COMPLEX

SILVERWATER WOMEN’S CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

ST. HELIER’S CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

TAMWORTH CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

3.0 ITEMS DELETED FROM THE 1995 HERITAGE &

CONSERVATION REGISTER

4.0 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

VOLUME 4 5.0 THEMATIC HISTORY

5.1 INTRODUCTION

5.2 ABBREVIATIONS

5.3 THEMATIC HISTORY

5.4 CHRONOLOGY OF THEMATIC HISTORY

5.5 A BRIEF OUTLINE OF THE HISTORY OF CORRECTIVE SERVICES CENTRES

5.6 CHRONOLOGY OF HISTORY OF CORRECTIVE SERVICES CENTRES

5.7 GAOL ASSETS1939-1951

5.8 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND

In 2004, the Government Architect’s Office (GAO), was commissioned by the Programs Branch, Department of Finance and Services on behalf of Corrective Services NSW (CSNSW) to review the existing CSNSW Interim Heritage & Conservation Register, prepared by this office in 1995. This review involved: transferring all existing data onto State Heritage Inventory software; commissioning of a thematic history to provide a background structure for the Register; and the entry of additional data and images. The project also involved the collection of a bibliography of relevant documents to assist CSNSW with the heritage management of these properties. For several larger sites, the commission was extended to include a detailed investigation of an appropriate heritage curtilage for significant elements.

Due to a number of complexities, the draft Heritage and Conservation Register was not submitted to the Heritage Council of NSW for ratification. In late 2011, GAO was commissioned by CSNSW to complete minor revisions to the register and facilitate adoption by CSNSW and ratification by the Heritage Council of NSW.

1.1.1 UPDATE OF DRAFT HERITAGE AND CONSERVATION REGISTER (S.170 REGISTER) In 2017, GML Heritage (GML), was commissioned by the Department of

Justice (DJ), to prepare an updated Heritage and Conservation Register.

DJ now incorporates Corrective Services NSW. Since 2012, a small number

of properties have been divested from the Corrective Services portfolio, and

additional properties have come under the DJ umbrella, including the

former Department of Juvenile Justice (DJJ) assets.

The former Department of Corrective Services procured a Heritage and

Conservation Register as required under section 170 of the NSW Heritage

Act 1977 (July 2009). The work was completed and submitted to the Office

of Environment and Heritage (OEH) – Heritage Division in 2012. A number of

minor comments were received from OEH mostly in relation to the level of

heritage significance (local vs State) attributed to a number of sites. GML

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017 conducted fieldwork and analysis for sixteen built heritage elements in five correctional facilities across NSW. These included:

Berrima Correctional Centre • Arts and Crafts Store • Dangerous Goods Store • Farm Buildings • Officer Amenities

Broken Hill Correctional Centre • Demolished Watchtower • Inmates Pergola (Old Gaol) • Showers

Grafton Correctional Facility • A-Wing (or One Wing) • Perimeter Wall (Old Gaol) • Visiting Facilities

Long Bay Correctional Centre (Outer Complex) • Camelot Building • Perimeter Fence • Vagg Building

Silverwater Correctional Facility • Prisoners Children Cottage • Blaxland House • Caroline Chisolm House

The primary objective of the 2017 update is to reconcile OEH comments on the draft heritage register and update and finalise existing data using the State Heritage Inventory software. This includes the update of divested properties such as Norma Parker Periodic Detention Centre and the inclusion of one DJJ asset, the Mary Wade Correctional Centre (formerly Juniperina Juvenile Justice Centre) in Lidcombe.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

1.2 ASSET MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS OF THE NSW HERITAGE ACT 1977

Under the Heritage Act 1977 (the Act), Government agencies have specific obligations to manage their assets on behalf of the community. These obligations relate to appropriate identification, management and conservation of heritage assets under the ownership or control of the specific agency.

1.2.1 HERITAGE AND CONSERVATION REGISTER (S.170 REGISTER)

Under Section 170 of the Act, all government instrumentalities are required to establish and maintain a Heritage and Conservation Register that details each item of environmental heritage that the agency owns or occupies. This register, referred to as the Section 170 Register, comprises individual inventory entries for each item or place that has been identified to be of heritage significance. Listings are usually undertaken on standard inventory forms and a heritage database developed by the NSW Heritage Branch.

Listings generally include the following information:

• history of the item or place; • physical description of the item or place; • assessment of heritage significance using NSW Assessment Criteria, and a summary Statement of Significance; and • other summary information such as condition and management issues.

This S170 Register subsequently forms part of the State Heritage Inventory, an electronic, non-statutory database maintained by the NSW Heritage Branch Items of State significance are considered for listing on the State Heritage Register under the NSW Heritage Act 1977.

The Heritage and Conservation Register must be kept available for public inspection at the head office of the agency and at the Heritage Council. Management issues, such as the condition of the item, need not be made accessible to the public. All S170 Registers are submitted to the Heritage Council of NSW for endorsement and should be reviewed annually.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

1.3 INTERIM HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER

In 1994, CSNSW commissioned the Heritage Group of State Projects within the Department of Public Works to prepare an Interim Heritage and Conservation Register, covering only buildings and grounds owned or controlled by DOCS, not movable items, and with no thematic history.

When this Register was developed, it was based on information from research on heritage listings compiled by acknowledged heritage authorities/ organisations, and sources such as heritage reports and photographs held by NSW Public Works. The Register comprised entries for each property as a collective group of buildings and grounds, and individual buildings and/or grounds within a property which have, or are likely to have, heritage significance.

This Interim Register was envisioned as the first stage of a revision process, with a subsequent stage to include the preparation of a thematic history for CSNSW to provide a background structure for the Register and comparative assessment.

The Interim Heritage & Conservation Register (1994) was not reviewed and no further stages have been carried out until GAO was commissioned in 2004. The 1994 Register was not formally submitted to the NSW Heritage Council.

1.4 METHODOLOGY AND LIMITATIONS

The methodology of the review of the existing Interim CSNSW S170 Register involved the following tasks: • Liaison with Corrective Services NSW, Department of Finance and Services & NSW Heritage Branch.

• Transfer of existing database onto SHI software.

• Commissioning of a thematic history to provide a background structure for the Register.

• Exclusion of assets no longer owned or managed by CSNSW.

• Review of heritage significance of all properties on existing Register.

• Comparative analysis of all properties on existing Register.

• Addition of any available further information including images.

• Compilation of the database and report.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

• Collation of bibliography of relevant reports and documents relating to the conservation management and planning of • the heritage assets.

• Investigation of appropriate heritage curtilages for significant elements on large sites. As with the Interim Register, this S170 Register comprises entries for each property as a collective group of buildings and grounds, and, where considered appropriate, additional entries for individual buildings and/ or grounds within a property which have, or are likely to have, heritage significance.

As a result of limited time and funds, this project has a number of limitations that are likely to be addressed in future reviews of this Register.

These future tasks are as follows:

• Consideration of additional heritage items, other than those already included in the 1994 Interim Register.

• Site inspections leading to a review of heritage significance for individual items, other than those required for the review of heritage curtilages.

• Archaeological assessment of above and below ground evidence on sites.

• Consideration of inclusion of any movable heritage items or collections.

• Assessment of indigenous or natural heritage significance for any item.

As a consequence of the large amounts of historical information available on these gaols, it was necessary to conduct more of a desktop study than originally proposed. While GAO intended to visit Metropolitan gaols, it was considered during the course of the project that a physical analysis of part of the collection of heritage assets was not effective without visiting all assets state-wide for a comprehensive comparison.

In our original fee proposal, GAO proposed to submit this Register to the Heritage Council of NSW for endorsement, as required under the Heritage Act. Future and updated versions of the Register will also be submitted for endorsement.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

1.5 ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

1.5.1 ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

The NSW heritage assessment criteria encompass the four values in the Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter, which are commonly accepted as generic values by Australian heritage agencies and professional consultants: • historical significance

• aesthetic significance

• scientific significance

• social significance

They also consider if the place is rare or representative of its type.

The seven NSW criteria have been used to assess the heritage significance of each heritage asset, and the assessments under each criteria have then been used to develop the overall statement of significance. The seven criteria are as follows:

Criterion A – An item is important in the course, or pattern, of NSWs / the local area’s cultural or natural history.

Criterion B – An item has a strong or special association with the life or works of a person or group of persons, of importance in NSW / the local area’s cultural or natural history.

Criterion C – An item is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/ or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in NSW / the local area.

Criterion D – An item has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in NSW / the local area for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.

Criterion E – An item has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of NSW’s / the local area’s cultural or natural history.

Criterion F – An item possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of NSW’s / the local area’s cultural or natural history.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

Criterion G – An item is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of NSWs / the local area’s cultural or natural places or cultural or natural environments.

1.5.2 RANKINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE

The NSW Heritage Council recognises two rankings of significance. These rankings are also the basis on which places are listed. These are State heritage significance and Local heritage significance. The first denotes significance to all the people of NSW, the second to a local community or group. While some of the items in the Register may be assessed in the future as being of National significance, this level of significance is not required for a state government agency Heritage & Conservation Register.

The assessed levels of significance for the items in this Register are as follows:

ITEM NO. ITEM FACILITY LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE 3360020 Bathurst Correctional Centre STATE 3360023 Bathurst Correctional Centre A Wing STATE 3360022 Bathurst Correctional Centre Activities Building STATE 3360024 Bathurst Correctional Centre B Wing STATE 3360025 Bathurst Correctional Centre C Wing STATE 3360026 Bathurst Correctional Centre D Wing STATE 3360027 Bathurst Correctional Centre E Block Administration STATE 3360028 Bathurst Correctional Centre G Block Education STATE 3360021 Bathurst Correctional Centre Gatehouse Block 0 STATE 3360031 Bathurst Correctional Centre General Office STATE 3360030 Bathurst Correctional Centre Perimeter Walls & Tower STATE 3360032 Bathurst Correctional Centre Visitors Building STATE 3360029 Bathurst Correctional Centre Water Tower STATE 3360094 Berrima Correctional Centre STATE 3360098 Berrima Correctional Centre Arts & Crafts Shop STATE 3360099 Berrima Correctional Centre Dangerous Good Store STATE 3360100 Berrima Correctional Centre Farm Buildings STATE 3360095 Berrima Correctional Centre Gatehouse STATE 3360097 Berrima Correctional Centre Officer Amenities STATE 3360096 Berrima Correctional Centre Outer Wall STATE 3360101 Broken Hill Correctional Centre STATE 3360106 Broken Hill Correctional Centre Demolished Watchtower STATE

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

3360104 Broken Hill Correctional Centre Dormitory & Female Cells STATE 3360110 Broken Hill Correctional Centre Inmates Pergola STATE 3360108 Broken Hill Correctional Centre Main Administration Building STATE 3360109 Broken Hill Correctional Centre Main Brick Security Wall STATE 3360105 Broken Hill Correctional Centre Main Cell Block STATE 3360103 Broken Hill Correctional Centre Showers STATE 3360102 Broken Hill Correctional Centre Water Tower STATE 3360080 Cooma Correctional Centre LOCAL 3360083 Cooma Correctional Centre Administration Building & LOCAL Courtyard 3360081 Cooma Correctional Centre Gatehouse LOCAL 3360082 Cooma Correctional Centre Main Walls & Watch Towers LOCAL 3360085 Cooma Correctional Centre Services Building LOCAL 3360084 Cooma Correctional Centre Staff Amenities Building LOCAL 3360093 Emu Plain Correctional Centre Clinic Building LOCAL 3360033 Goulburn Correctional Centre STATE 3360042 Goulburn Correctional Centre Boiler Stack STATE 3360040 Goulburn Correctional Centre Buy Ups STATE 3360039 Goulburn Correctional Centre Chapel STATE 3360054 Goulburn Correctional Centre Civilian Service Building STATE 3360050 Goulburn Correctional Centre Clinic STATE 3360036 Goulburn Correctional Centre Deputy’s Office/Administratoin STATE 3360053 Goulburn Correctional Centre Dog Unit/Single Officer’s Quarters STATE 3360047 Goulburn Correctional Centre G Block/Electrician/Plumbers STATE 3360034 Goulburn Correctional Centre Gatehouse STATE 3360052 Goulburn Correctional Centre Guard Towers & Walls STATE 3360056 Goulburn Correctional Centre Inner Grounds STATE 3360037 Goulburn Correctional Centre Old Tailor Shop STATE 3360035 Goulburn Correctional Centre SEU Emergency Unit STATE 3360048 Goulburn Correctional Centre Unit 1 STATE 3360046 Goulburn Correctional Centre Unit 2 STATE 3360041 Goulburn Correctional Centre Unit 3 STATE

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

ITEM NO. ITEM FACILITY LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE 3360038 Goulburn Correctional Centre Unit 4 STATE 3360073 Grafton Correctional Centre STATE 3360076 Grafton Correctional Centre A Wing STATE 3360074 Grafton Correctional Centre Administration Building STATE 3360079 Grafton Correctional Centre Gatehouse Area A LOCAL 3360077 Grafton Correctional Centre Perimeter Wall (Old Gaol) STATE 3360075 Grafton Correctional Centre Visiting Facilities STATE 3360088 Kirkconnell Correctional Centre Kirkconnell House & Outbuildings LOCAL 3360151 Long Bay Long Bay Metropolitan Transient LOCAL Centre 3360139 Long Bay MSPC Area 3 STATE

3360146 Long Bay MSPC Area 3 5 Wing Education LOCAL

3360149 Long Bay MSPC Area 3 Administration Block STATE 3360140 Long Bay MSPC Area 3 Entrance Block STATE 3360150 Long Bay MSPC Area 3 Perimeter Wall & Towers STATE 3360142 Long Bay MSPC Area 3 Wings 1, 2, 5 & 6 including Yards STATE 3360144 Long Bay MSPC Area 3 Wings 3 & 4 including Yards STATE

3360153 Long Bay MSPC Areas 1, 2 & 4 STATE

3360166 Long Bay MSPC Areas 1, 2 & 4 Acute Crisis Centre LOCAL 3360156 Long Bay MSPC Areas 1, 2 & 4 Administration Block STATE 3360165 Long Bay MSPC Areas 1, 2 & 4 Crisis Intervention Centre LOCAL 3360154 Long Bay MSPC Areas 1, 2 & 4 Entrance Block STATE 3360164 Long Bay MSPC Areas 1, 2 & 4 Laundry LOCAL 3360163 Long Bay MSPC Areas 1, 2 & 4 Maintenance Workshop LOCAL 3360155 Long Bay MSPC Areas 1, 2 & 4 Perimeter Walls & Towers STATE 3360162 Long Bay MSPC Areas 1, 2 & 4 Special Care Unit STATE 3360160 Long Bay MSPC Areas 1, 2 & 4 Wings 7, 9 & 10 STATE 3360158 Long Bay MSPC Areas 1, 2 & 4 Workshop 5 & Wing 8 STATE 3360152 Long Bay MSPC Areas 5 & 6 LOCAL 3360167 Long Bay Outer Complex STATE 3360169 Long Bay Outer Complex Camelot Building, Credit Union STATE 3360168 Long Bay Outer Complex Perimeter Fence STATE 3360170 Long Bay Outer Complex Vagg Building STATE 3360001 Silverwater Women’s STATE Correctional Centre 3360004 Silverwater Women’s Blaxland House STATE Correctional Centre 3360002 Silverwater Women’s Caroline Chisholm Building STATE Correctional Centre 3360003 Silverwater Women’s Margaret Catchpole Building STATE Correctional Centre 3360124 Silverwater Correctional Complex STATE 3360127 Silverwater Correctional Irwin House STATE Complex

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

ITEM NO. ITEM FACILITY LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE 3360126 Silverwater Correctional Complex Newington Chapel & Grounds STATE

3360125 Silverwater Correctional Complex Newington House & Grounds STATE 3360128 Silverwater Correctional Complex Prisoners’ Children Cottage STATE 3360120 St. Heliers Correctional Centre House & Outbuildings LOCAL 3360111 Tamworth Correctional Centre LOCAL 3360116 Tamworth Correctional Centre Administration LOCAL 3360113 Tamworth Correctional Centre Cell Block LOCAL 3360117 Tamworth Correctional Centre Dry Cell LOCAL 3360112 Tamworth Correctional Centre Gatehouse & Visitors LOCAL 3360114 Tamworth Correctional Centre Internal Administration Building LOCAL 3360115 Tamworth Correctional Centre Walls & Towers LOCAL

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

1.6 CURTILAGE ANALYSES

To facilitate use of this register, CSNSW commissioned GAO to complete additional investigations into three regional sites to establish appropriate curtilages for the heritage assets on those sites. These sites are generally large with the individual or groups of heritage assets taking up only a small part of the site owned or managed by CSNSW. The development of an appropriate heritage curtilage ensures that an appropriate setting is maintained (or in some cases, recreated in the future) while allowing future development on these sites.

1.6.1 EMU PLAINS CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

Brief History & Description

Emu Plains Correctional Centre is located at Emu Plains, 60km west of Sydney’s central business district at the foot of the Blue Mountains. The site occupies over 200 acres of land, the bulk of which is used for agricultural purposes.

In 1894, the British Government instigated a committee of inquiry into prisons under the chairmanship of Herbert Gladstone, the Under Secretary of State, finding that conditions of imprisonment at that time did not lead to any moral reform or change in behaviour, recommending more flexible systems, and encouraging productive and rehabilitative labour. This influenced prison reform in NSW, driven particularly by especially Captain Frederick Neitenstein, chief administrator of NSW prisons from 1894, resulting in major changes to the prison system, including the establishment of an afforestation camp at Tuncurry and the opening of a prison farm at Emu Plains in 1914. Purchased in December 1914, the farm of 107 acres farm was intended to rehabilitate young offenders by employing them on general farm work while producing vegetables and farm produce for other government institutions. Starting with 10 wooden huts, the site has developed and expanded since its original purchase in 1914. The adjacent property known as Inverleigh Dairy was acquired on 6 October 1936. An area of 93 acres known as the ‘Island’ was resumed and added to the site in 1938. In 1999, the centre was converted into a centre for 70 female minimum to medium security inmates.

The most significant building on the site is the Manager of Industries Office, originally known as the Overseer’s Residence. The building was later known

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017 as the Administration Block and also as the Clinic. The building is a simple single storey Federation style building designed by the NSW Government Architect’s Office (then led by Gorrie McLeish Blair), constructed in 1926. The Manager of Industries Office is located within the secure section of the prison in a prominent position adjacent to the main entry gate. A number of other older buildings of a similar scale have been built in the immediate vicinity, helping to create a small garden courtyard area fronting the southern elevation of the building.

Although the Manager of Industries Office is well maintained, the building has been significantly altered over time, with a number of internal changes and the demolition of an exterior kitchen, laundry and bathroom. The building features a wrap-around verandah constructed of timber posts, beams and brackets with simple detailing. A small yet visually intrusive inmate toilet block has been built just off this verandah on the eastern elevation. The original fireplaces in the former dining room and bedroom on the western side of the corridor have been removed, whilst there is a replacement fireplace in the north-eastern room but the chimney has been demolished. A security gate has been built up to the western wall.

The small scale and thoughtful placement of the buildings which at present surround the Manager of industries Office have meant that the building enjoys a degree of prominence within the prison.

The Manager of Industries Office, north elevation. The enclosed part of the verandah on the right is the former pantry.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

View of the Manager of Industries Office from outside the secure area, showing the main access gates. Note the small scale of the surrounding buildings.

The western verandah of the Manager of Industries Office. A further set of security gates interrupt the verandah and lessen the connection between the building and the courtyard.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

View of the Manager of Industries Office from the North East. The intrusive nature of the inmate toilet block and the close proximity of the security fence are shown

The Manager of Industries Office has a degree of prominence within the site when viewed from the southern lawn.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

The adjacent Inmate Processing building (left) and New Clinic building (right) aid in the creation of a defined setting for the Manager of Industries Office.

Proposed Curtilage for the Significant Elements of Emu Plains Correctional Centre

A proposed curtilage for the Manager of Industries Building has been developed to ensure that the building maintains an appropriate setting and a number of significant views both to and from the building. This zone comprises the Manager of Industries Office, the Inmate Processing building, Programs/Activities/Library building, Education building, and the New Clinic building within the secure area of the prison. The proposed curtilage also includes the Officers Mess/Amenities building to the north and outside of the secure area.

Development within the curtilage should be sympathetic to the heritage values of the Manager of Industries Office. A continuation of the courtyard approach with adjacent buildings being of single storey would be appropriate. Any future development of the larger Emu Plains Correctional Centre should also respect the heritage values of the site with regard to views to and from the Manager of Industries Office.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

Proposed curtilage zone for the Manager of Industries Office. Emu Plains Correctional Centre

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

1.6.2 KIRKCONNELL CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

Brief History & Description

Kirkconnell Correctional Centre is a minimum security institution for males located in the Sunny Corner State Forest, west of Lithgow and east of Bathurst. The Correctional Centre continues a tradition of establishing low security work camps where inmates were held whilst they learned self-reliance and how to manage a certain degree of freedom before being released into the community. The site is owned by Forests NSW and leased by Corrective Services. This relationship is a continuation of the association between State Forests of NSW and Corrective Services dating back to 1913. Working with the Forestry Commission (as State Forests was then known), Corrective Services made arrangements to site a number of prison afforestation camps in country areas where State Forests faced difficulty attracting local labour to establish its pine plantations. The first in NSW was set up at Tuncurry, near Foster, in 1913.

The Kirkconnell Afforestation Camp was established in 1958 and work began soon after erecting timber huts to house inmates. The camp was completed and opened in July 1961. The camp at Kirkconnell was expanded soon after establishment until it was temporarily closed in 1982, reopening shortly after. In recent years, Corrective Services Industries (CSI) has become Forests NSW largest silvicultural contractor, operating from a number of regional bases, including Kirkconnell.

The Kirkconnell Correctional Centre comprises a number of buildings constructed within a clearing in the Sunny Corner State Forest. The centre is centred on the most significant building on the site, being Kirkconnell House, a two-storey Victorian style dwelling with a number of associated single storey outbuildings immediately to the south. Kirkconnell House is a large two-storey mansion, probably built in the 1860s as the main house for a large pastoral estate. It is likely that the estate was established prior to this date and a number of the adjacent out-buildings are likely to predate the main house. The arrangement of all of the outbuildings forms a working courtyard that would have been used by the servants. The house is used as the Administration Building. The former outbuildings include the Education and Silk Screen Building and was probably built at the same time as the homestead. The former stables is now the Pottery & Generator Room and is likely to predate the main house. It could have been the first house on the site or associated with the

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

The building known as the ‘Reception Office & Main S/B’ is also part of the original complex and could be an early farmhouse or originally the staff/ servants accommodation for the main house.

The original setting of this group of heritage buildings has been much altered with the construction of the main prison facilities immediately to the north of Kirkconnell House. Recently, a number of structures have also been built on the western side of Kirkconnell House, totally obscuring the house from the sports field. To the east of the house there is a sharp fall in the land towards a creek. This area of the site includes some remains of the original gardens for the house and affords a good view of the property from the main entrance drive. Kirkconnell House is approached from the rear through a series of well maintained gardens, with a tree-lined road forming the last part of the journey. To the south of the homestead there are a number of industrial and agricultural buildings and additional inmate accommodation.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

View west towards Kirkconnell House from the adjacent creek, with the prison fence on the right. This is one of the few unob- structed views of the homestead remaining, and the connection of the house to the creek is to be maintained.

View north-east towards the former Kirkconnell House with the former stables on the right. The prominence of the homestead on top of the hill has been compromised by later works.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

The northern elevation of the house has been severely compromised by the close proximity of the prison fence and by other intrusive elements such as the barbeque in the foreground.

The eastern elevation of the house and the rear outbuildings are abutted by wire fencing, lessening their connection to the creek.

View east from near the sports oval towards Kirkconnell House. Recent building activity has totally obscured this elevation of the homestead.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

The former Stables Building and (behind) the Administration Building. These buildings contribute greatly to the setting of the house.

View east from near the sports oval towards Kirkconnell House. Recent building activity has totally obscured this elevation of the homestead.

View of the former stable and homestead as approached from the main access road.

The main entrance to the prison is located at the north-west corner of Kirkconnell House. Any connection between house and landscape at this point has been minimised through recent building works.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

Proposed Curtilage for Kirkconnell House and its associated outbuildings, Kirkconnell Correctional Centre

As part of the investigations for this s170 Register, it was recognised that a curtilage should be developed for Kirkconnell House and its extant outbuildings. It was also recognised that the outbuildings were not particularly significant in their own right but as part of a group with the homestead, hence one inventory sheet.

The proposed curtilage has been developed to protect the relationship between the house and its outbuildings and to encourage the re- establshment of the pastoral setting of the house. The zone aims to ensure that Kirkconnell House is not adversely affected in any further way as a result of future building activity. The former rural setting of the homestead has been significantly compromised and views both to and from the homestead have been impaired by building works associated with the prison, particularly on the northern and western sides of the house.

Any future development of the Kirkconnell Correctional Centre should be carried out in a way that offers minimal impact upon the heritage values of the site. These heritage values primarily involve views both to and from the Kirkconnell House and its rural setting.

A number of intrusive elements are located within this proposed curtilage area and their removal, where it will improve the heritage significance of Kirkconnell House and its associated outbuildings, is to be encouraged.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

Proposed curtilage zone for Kirkconnell House and its related outbuildiings, Kirkconnell Correctional Centre

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

1.6.3 ST HELIER’S CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

Brief History & Description

St Heliers Correctional Centre is located amidst an undulating rural landscape approximately 6kms from Muswellbrook and is comprised of a number of buildings spread across a site of 1350 acres.

In Oct 1825, Henry Dumaresq, a career soldier, arrived in Australia and was appointed private secretary to Governor Darling. He received a nominal grant of 2,000 acres in the Hunter Valley together with a reserve on 8,000 acres held with a view to purchase on certain conditions. By 1831, he had constructed a stone homestead of 9 rooms with views down the Hunter River and had crops of grapes, maize and tobacco as well as 10,000 sheep. By 1837, Dumaresq employed 41 assigned convicts on the property. The land was extended, changed hands and subdivided several times from 1857 until 1885 when a parcel of 5200 acres was purchased by Malcolm Campbell who commissioned Pender of Muswellbrook to design a homestead, constructed c1895.

View north, with homestead located on ridge at end of road on left. The prison is located to the right of the road which veers to the right in this photo.

View from the ridge upon which the homestead is located, looking north-east. The surrounding hills are visible and the prison facilities sit within the small valley to the right.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

The paddock located to the south of the homestead, looking towards the homestead on the rise. The gravel road marks the curtilage’s southernmost boundary.

View over the paddock described in Fig. 3, looking west. This view illustrates the significant rise upon which the former homestead is situated.

View east from the road, with the dam and prison visible. This open space in front of the ridge line should remain, providing as it does a suitable foreground to the hill.

View south from the road leading to the former homestead building.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

The principal facade of the Administration Building, former St Helier’s homestead.

View along the front verandah of the former homestead.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

Side elevation of the Administration Building, former homestead.

Former stables.

Former officer’s accommodation.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

In 1945, 480 hectares of the original St Heliers estate was purchased by NSW State Government for a new rural training institution for delinquents to be run by Child Welfare Department, which ran until 1986. In 1988, 1350 acres was purchased by NSW Corrective Services Department to house minimum security prisoners and by 1990 there were 160 prisoners and 35 staff at St Heliers. The St Heliers Correctional Complex is now a minimum security institution for males.

The most significant building on the site is the former homestead constructed 1895-1900, now used as the Administration building. The former homestead is sited on the top of a rise overlooking the surrounding landscape. Also located on this rise are a number of outbuildings dating from c.1880, including stables and (as of 2002) St Thomas’s Church, formerly located at Owen’s Gap. Access to the former homestead is from a curving asphalt road leading up the rise that culminates in a carriage loop and well- established garden in front of the south-west façade of the house.

The bulk of the Correctional Centre facilities are located to the north of the homestead site. A number of established trees line the roads of the correctional centre and play a significant role within the landscape, defining boundaries and creating a series of view corridors.

Proposed Curtilage for the Administration Building and related outbuildings, St. Helier’s Correctional Centre

A proposed curtilage for the significant elements on the site, namely the former homestead and two extant outbuildings to the rear has been developed to ensure that the building maintains an appropriate setting and significant views both to and from the group. This zone generally follows existing fence-lines and includes the ridge and its group of buildings, major road-lines leading to the group of dwellings and surrounding paddocks. Additionally, it has been noted that the outbuildings were not particularly significant in their own right but as part of a group with the homestead, hence one inventory sheet.

The proposed zone aims to ensure that St Helier’s and its outbuildings retain their rural ridge-top setting and are not adversely affected as a result of future building activity.

Any future development of the St Helier’s Correctional Centre should be carried out in a way that offers minimal impact upon the heritage values of

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

Proposed curtilage zone for St Helier’s homestead and outbuildiings, St Helier’s Correctional Centre

the site. These heritage values primarily involve views both to and from the homestead group and its rural setting.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

1.7 DELETED ITEMS

In a number of instances, the information available on some assets was very limited and as such, their heritage significance was not able to be determined; a decision was made to delete these items from the Register at this stage. A future review of the Register that comprehensively considers all CSNSW assets across the state will identify whether these items should be included.

In other instances, several items that were part of the Interim Register were excluded from this Register as they are no longer owned, managed or controlled by CSNSW, or have been demolished. Also, in some instances, a number of items have been consolidated into one inventory sheet, resulting in redundant inventory sheets / numbers. Furthermore, a detailed review of the heritage significance of some assets included in the Interim Register indicated that their significance did not warrant inclusion in the current Register.

For the three sites that underwent a detailed curtilage analysis, the overall listing was deleted, and an inventory sheet for the important elements and their curtilage created. With Kirkconnell and St. Helier’s, this involved deleting inventory sheets for the outbuildings and the incorporation of that information into the listing for the main house.

Inventory sheets for deleted items have been included in Section 3.0 of Volume 2. The existing data for these assets has not been upgraded, however, it is still within the electronic database. In these instances, on the Admin window of the electronic inventory, the data entry status has been marked as redundant.

Items deleted from the Interim Register for the reasons listed above or consolidated into one sheet are as follows:

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

ITEM NO. ITEM FACILITY REASON 3360107 Broken Hill Correctional Centre Officer’s Crib Room Limited Information 3360092 Emu Plains Correctional Centre Limited information / Does not meet criteria 3360043 Goulburn Correctional Centre Kitchen Demolished 3360044 Goulburn Correctional Centre Tailor Shop Limited Information 3360045 Goulburn Correctional Centre Plumber’s Shop Limited Information 3360049 Goulburn Correctional Centre Unit 1 Tunnel/Laundry/ Consolidated into Walkway other item 3360051 Goulburn Correctional Centre Front Yards Demolished 3360055 Goulburn Correctional Centre Police Station, Residence & Demolished Lock-up 3360078 Grafton Correctional Centre Old Tower South Demolished 3360087 Kirkconnell Correctional Centre Limited information / Does not meet criteria 3360090 Kirkconnell Correctional Centre Education&Silk Screen Consolidated with Building Kirkconnell House 3360091 Kirkconnell Correctional Centre Pottery & Generator Room Consolidated with Kirkconnell House 3360089 Kirkconnell Correctional Centre Reception Office & Main S/B Consolidated with Kirkconnell House 3360118 Lithgow Correctional Centre Staff Training Centre Limited information / Does not meet criteria 3360119 Lithgow Correctional Centre Sandstone Garage Limited information / Does not meet criteria 3360172 Long Bay Correctional Complex 12 Austral St No Longer DCS 3360173 Long Bay Correctional Complex 14 Austral St No Longer DCS 3360174 Long Bay Correctional Complex 16 Austral St No Longer DCS 3360175 Long Bay Correctional Complex 18 Austral St No Longer DCS 3360176 Long Bay Correctional Complex 20 Austral St No Longer DCS 3360177 Long Bay Correctional Complex 22 Austral St No Longer DCS 3360178 Long Bay Correctional Complex 24 Austral St No Longer DCS 3360179 Long Bay Correctional Complex 26 Austral St No Longer DCS 3360141 Long Bay MSPC Area 3 1 Wing Consolidated into Wings 2, 5 3360143 Long Bay MSPC Area 3 2 Wing Consolidated& 6 into Wings 2, 5 & 3360145 Long Bay MSPC Area 3 4 Wing Consolidated6 with Wing 3 3360147 Long Bay MSPC Area 3 5 Wing Consolidated into Wings 2, 5 3360148 Long Bay MSPC Area 3 6 Wing Consolidated& 6 into Wings 2, 5 3360157 Long Bay MSPC Areas 1, 2 & 4 Wing 7 Consolidated& 6 with Wing 10

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

ITEM NO. ITEM FACILITY REASON 3360159 Long Bay MSPC Areas 1, 2 & 4 Wing 9 Consolidated with Wing 10 3360161 Long Bay MSPC Areas 1, 2 & 4 Wing 8 Consolidated with Workshop 5 3360171 Long Bay Outer Complex Katingal Gaol Demolished 3360057 Maitland Correctional Centre No Longer DCS 3360058 Maitland Correctional Centre Gatehouse No Longer DCS 3360059 Maitland Correctional Centre Superintendent’s Office No Longer DCS 3360060 Maitland Correctional Centre Deputy’s & Roster Clerk No Longer DCS Offices 3360061 Maitland Correctional Centre Internal Administration No Longer DCS 3360062 Maitland Correctional Centre Wing 1 No Longer DCS 3360063 Maitland Correctional Centre Wing 2 No Longer DCS 3360064 Maitland Correctional Centre Wing 4 No Longer DCS 3360065 Maitland Correctional Centre Gymnasium & Education No Longer DCS 3360066 Maitland Correctional Centre Contact & Non-contact No Longer DCS Visits 3360067 Maitland Correctional Centre Walls & Tower No Longer DCS 3360068 Maitland Correctional Centre Training Room No Longer DCS 3360069 Maitland Correctional Centre Training Area Lunchroom No Longer DCS 3360070 Maitland Correctional Centre Training Area Toilets No Longer DCS 3360071 Maitland Correctional Centre Farm Overseer’s Workshop No Longer DCS 3360072 Maitland Correctional Centre Segregation Yards No Longer DCS 3360136 Merinda Periodic Detention Stores Building Limited information Centre / Does not meet criteria 3360129 Norma Parker Periodic Detention Centre 3360134 Norma Parker Periodic Goodfellow House Does not meet criteria Detention Centre 3360135 Norma Parker Periodic Thompson House Does not meet criteria Detention Centre 3360130 Norma Parker Periodic Morgan House No longer DJ Detention Centre 3360131 Norma Parker Periodic Windmill Cottage No longer DJ Detention Centre 3360132 Norma Parker Periodic Needle Room & Laundry No longer DJ Detention Centre 3360133 Norma Parker Periodic Shower Block & No longer DJ Detention Centre Maintenance Work- shop 3360182 Norma Parker Periodic Chapel No longer DJ Detention Centre 3360086 Parklea Correctional Loss of integrity Centre 3360137 Parramatta Periodic Administration Limited information Detention Centre / Does not meet criteria

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

ITEM NO. ITEM FACILITY REASON 3360138 Parramatta Periodic Officer’s Accommodation Limited information Detention Centre / Does not meet criteria 3360005 Parramatta Correctional Centre No Longer DCS 3360006 Parramatta 1 Wing No Longer DCS Correctional Centre 3360007 Parramatta 2 Wing No Longer DCS Correctional Centre 3360008 Parramatta 3 Wing No Longer DCS Correctional Centre 3360012 Parramatta 4 Wing No Longer DCS Correctional Centre 3360013 Parramatta 5 Wing No Longer DCS Correctional Centre 3360014 Parramatta 6 Wing No Longer DCS Correctional Centre 3360010 Parramatta Chapel No Longer DCS Correctional Centre 3360016 Parramatta External Walls No Longer DCS Correctional Centre 3360019 Parramatta Gatehouse/Visitors Wait- No Longer DCS Correctional Centre ing Room 3360009 Parramatta Kitchen No Longer DCS Correctional Centre 3360018 Parramatta Maintenance Building No Longer DCS Correctional Centre 3360017 Parramatta Old Administration Build- No Longer DCS Correctional Centre ing 3360011 Parramatta Programmes Building No Longer DCS Correctional Centre 3360015 Parramatta Programmes Office & No Longer DCS Correctional Centre Library 3360120 St. Heliers Correctional Limited information Centre / Does not meet criteria 3360121 St. Heliers Correctional Officers Accommodation Consolidated with Ad- Centre ministration Building 3360122 St. Heliers Correctional Stables Consolidated with Ad- Centre ministration Building

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

1.8 FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF THIS REGISTER

As part of its ongoing commitment towards sound management of its significant portfolio of heritage assets, CSNSW will regularly review and update this register. Future stages of the Register will ultimately identify and schedule every building, site element, landscape feature, aboriginal feature and other items of heritage significance located on properties owned or managed by CSNSW, including movable heritage.

1.9 AUTHORSHIP

This report has been collaboratively prepared by the following project team: Matthew Devine – Project Manager and Heritage Specialist Barbara Henery – Project Manager and Conservation Officer, Research Anita Krivickas – Image / Data Entry David Burdon – Curtilage Analysis / Image / Data Entry Jacqueline Power – Graphic Design Bruce Pettman – Review Mary Knaggs – Review Terry Kass – Historian

1.10 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

During the preparation of this Register, many organisations and individuals have provided assistance, including the National Trust of Australia (NSW), Australian Institute of Architects, and NSW Department of Finance and Services. Thanks are also due to Chris Martin, Jim Zehnder, Irene Hanson, Jon Pyke, Jon Mayne, Department of Finance and Services and Katalin Erdelyi and Janine Gale, Corrective Services NSW.

Images of various sites included in this register were obtained during the course of other projects by GAO.

Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

1.11 FUTURE ACTIONS

• The Register should be regularly updated. As items currently owned by CSNSW are disposed of, they should be deleted from the Register. Similarly as items are acquired they should be assessed and included in the Register, if appropriate.

• The Register should be used to draw attention to the heritage significance of items / places. This Register should be consulted prior to planning or undertaking any new work or alterations to the existing items/places.

• CSNSW staff should be trained in the use of the Register and its appropriate implications for listed items. A heritage consultant may need to be appointed so that the staff can seek advice when necessary.

• Local councils should be informed of items listed in this so as to encourage the inclusion of the items/place under the Heritage Schedule of their Local Environmental Plan.

• A future review should include a wider consideration of all properties owned and managed by CSNSW including:

- additional heritage items, other than those already included in the 1994 Interim Register; and

- those that from the Interim Register which were deleted in this review because of insufficient information (see Section 1.7).

• Site inspections and further analysis for existing and prospective places on the Register should be carried out leading to:

- determination of a suitable curtilage for each heritage item (as included in this review for Emu Plains, Kirkconnell and St Helier’s);

- an assessment of the value of the grounds / gardens;

- consideration of inclusion of any movable heritage items or collections;

- an archaeological assessment of potential remains;

- assessment of indigenous or natural heritage significance; and

- a review of the overall heritage significance for individual items.

43 Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

44 Department of Justice NSW HERITAGE & CONSERVATION REGISTER JUNE 2017

2.0 HERITAGE & CONSERVATION

A - E

BATHURST CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

BERRIMA CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

BROKEN HILL CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

COOMA CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

EMU PLAINS CORRECTIONAL CENTRE

45 Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Bathurst Correctional Centre Number 3360020 Other Names/s Bathurst Gaol; Bathurst Jail Group Name Bathurst Correctional Centre Location Browning Street Bathurst 2795 [former] Bathurst Assessed State Significance

Item Type Complex / Group Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement Bathurst Correctional Centre is historically significant as one of two model prisons designed by the Colonial Architects Office in the late 1870s and early 1880s. It was laid out using the radial Category Prison panopticon principle, with ranges of dormitories or cells radiating out from a central observation Themes point, aimed at efficient and complete observation and total control of the institution with minimal National State Local staff. The site provides evidence of the advances in penal architecture in the late nineteenth 7. Governing Defence (none) century, as well as changing philosophies in correctional services since that time. The site has been continually used as a gaol / correctional centre since it opened in 1884. The site is 7. Governing Law and order (none) aesthetically significant for its distinctive and mostly intact layout, form and character. At a local level, the Bathurst Correctional Centre is socially significant for its role in law and order in the local Owner Corrective Services area, as well as being an important local employer since the late 19th century. Bathurst Correctional Centre is rare aesthetically at a national level for its distinctive layout, form and character, based on the radial panopticon principle, popular during the mid - late 19th century. Current Use Correctional centre Subject to further comparative analysis and assessment under the criteria for the National Former Use Gaol Heritage List, this site may be of National heritage significance.

Years 1884 1888 Circa No Physical Description Bathurst Gaol was designed using the radial panopticon principle with ranges of dormitories or Designer J Barnet 1883- W Vernon 1890- cells radiating out from a central observation point, aimed at efficient and complete observation Colonial Architects Office - and total control of the institution with minimal staff. The site comprises a square compound with a Builder William Smith gatehouse and two watch towers located at the far corners. The Governor and Deputy Governors Residences are located outside the main compound walls. Internally the (now demolished) chapel formed the focus of the gaol. Four cell ranges and the cookhouse radiated out from the chapel. On Physical The Bathurst Correctional Centre is one side of the chapel forecourt was totally separated and used as a female compound. On the Condition generally in very good condition. other side was the male hospital. Much of the original form, character Modification There have been numerous Bathurst and Goulburn goals were almost identical in plan, Goulburn however remains more Dates modifications to the Bathurst intact. Style:Victorian Freestyle. Period:1876-1900. Correctional Centre to upgrade the site to changing contemporary standards of incarceration since construction. Generally, much of the original character, form and layout of the site is extant, nonetheless. Historical Notes Bathurst gaol commenced in 1884 to cater for a huge increase in prisoners after the 1883 Criminal Further Further assessment required Law Amendment Act and to provide each prisoner with their own cell. It was laid out on the radial Comments panopticon principle with 320 cells. It was completed in 1888 at a cost of just over £102,000. A marble cutting and polishing industry operated at Bathurst Gaol between 1893 and 1925. By 1898, the gaol was lit by electricity. All female prisoners were removed into the State Reformatory in 1909, and their cells were taken over by seventh class prisoners. The gaol accommodated the more hardened male prisoners until 1914.

During World War 2, the gaol was used as an internment camp for some 200 German and other 'enemy aliens'. From 1958 until 1961, a new cell block for 94 prisoners outside the gaol walls was Lot and DP built. It opened in February 1961. There were two major riots at Bathurst gaol, in October 1970 PORTION 232 and February 1974. The second riot precipitated the revolutionary Nagle Royal Commission into NSW Prisons. After the riot the gaol was rebuilt and officially reopened on 6 August 1982 by PORTION 155 Minister R F Jackson. A minimum security wing (X Wing) was under construction in 1983 and PORTION 154 completed about 1984. Also added was a Services Block (K wing) including kitchen, amenities block and workshop. The inner sports ground was constructed in the early 80s.

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:14/07/2009 Data Entry Status: Completed Page: 1

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - State Heritage Register 00806 2/04/1999 Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Local Environmental Plan 27/03/1987 Public Works Department - Former register

References Author Title Year Caption Exercise ring and Photograph 2nd Task Force report on the redevelopment of Gallery, 1890s Bathurst Gaol 1978. "Directory Of Corrective Services - 1977", NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Copyright: Department of Corrective Services J.S.Kerr. Out of sight, out of mind Image by: Department of Corrective Services Studies Date: 1/01/1890 Number:

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) Bathurst Correctional Centre is historically significant as one of two model Bathurst Correctional Centre is rare prisons designed by the Colonial Architects Office in the late 1870s and early aesthetically at a national level for its 1880s. It was laid out using the radial panopticon principle, with ranges of distinctive layout, form and character, based dormitories or cells radiating out from a central observation point, aimed at on the radial panopticon principle, popular efficient and complete observation and total control of the institution with during the mid - late 19th century. minimal staff. SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) Bathurst Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant for its form and The original character and layout of the site character, as it was laid out using the radial panopticon principle, popular is distinctive and generally extant. during the mid - late 19th century. Bathurst Gaol included the following elements: chapel, bathhouse, flower garden, male hospital, three male wings, cookhouse, female section, photo studio, exercise ring, gate house with offices, store and some staff accommodation, weighbridge, boy’s association Recommended management SHR Criteria d) At a local level, the Bathurst Correctional Centre is socially significant for its role in law and order in the local area, as well as being an important local Prior to planning any further works the preparation of a employer since the late 19th century. conservation plan is recommended. No further demolition of significant buildings should be permited. It is recommended that a maintenance plan for all of the heritage buildings should be prepared. Further SHR Criteria e) development should not obscure the original plan

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:14/07/2009 Data Entry Status: Completed Page: 2

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Bathurst Correctional Centre - Gatehouse Block O Number 3360021 Other Names/s Group Name Bathurst Correctional Centre Location Browning Street Bathurst 2795 [former] Bathurst Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Gatehouse of Bathurst Correctional Centre (Block O) is an integral part of a fine nineteenth century gaol; one of the finest examples of the art of stonemasonry in NSW, possibly in Australia; Category Prison one of two of the most elaborate gatehouses of a series designed by the Colonial Architect James Themes Barnet. Furthermore, this building symbolises a distinctive and impressive period in the National State Local development of penal architecture in NSW in the late nineteenth century. 7. Governing Law and order (none)

Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Gatehouse

Former Use Gatehouse

Years 1884 1886 Circa No Physical Description The Gatehouse (Block O) at Bathurst Correctional Centre is constructed of sandstone and Designer James Barnet 1884- Colonial features an impressive two-storey gateway, with curved reveals, with a keystone with a lion's head Architects Office - William Cole motif with a key in its mouth. The keystone is surmounted by an elaborate coat of arms. A curved Builder William Smith machiolated parapet completes the composition. The original metal grillwork of the fanlight remains. Arrow slits are located, at first floor level, on either side of the gateway. These side bays are flanked by pilasters and each bay is surmounted by an eliptical scroll. Physical The Gatehouse (Block O) at Condition Bathurst Correctional Centre is in The approach to the gatehouse is flanked by a palisade fence with sandstone gate posts (to the good condition gardens of the Governor and Deputy Governor's Residences). Modification The Gatehouse (Block O) at Dates Bathurst Correctional Centre has Unlike Goulburn the approach is not symmetrical about the main axis. undergone minor alterations to accommodate contemporary staff Style:Victorian Free Classical. Period:1876-1900. facilities.

Historical Notes The Gatehouse (Block O) at Bathurst Correctional Centre was built as part of the main phase of Further Legend has is that when the key construction of Bathurst Gaol, 1884-1888. Comments falls from the lion's mouth, the prisoner are allowed to go free. The elaborate sandstone gatehouse was designed by the Colonial Architects Office under James Barnet and modelled on medieval city gates. It has continued to operate as a gatehouse for over a http://www.bathurst- century and it is a well known Bathurst landmark. nsw.com/BathurstGaol.html

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State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:30/04/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 3

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - State Heritage Register 00806 2/04/1999 Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Local Environmental Plan Public Works Department - Former register

References Author Title Year Caption Entrance Gate, portion of 2nd Task Force report on the redevelopment of Governor's garden on left, Deputy Bathurst Gaol 1978 Governor's house on right and James Semple Kerr Out of sight, out of mind : Australia's places of 1988 lamp on marble pedestal, 1890s confinement, 1788 - 1988 Copyright: Department of Corrective Services NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Directory Of Corrective Services - 1977 1977 Image by: Department of Corrective Services Studies Date: 1/01/1890 Number:

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Gatehouse (Block O) at Bathurst Correctional Centre is historically The Gatehouse (Block O) at Bathurst significant as an integral part of the model prison designed by the Colonial Correctional Centre is a rare example of an Architects Office in the late 1870s and early 1880s, laid out using the radial impressive late Victorian gatehouse. panopticon principle, with ranges of dormitories or cells radiating out from a central observation point, aimed at efficient and complete observation and total control of the institution with minimal staff. SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Gatehouse (Block O) at Bathurst Correctional Centre is aesthetically The Gatehouse (Block O) at Bathurst significant as an integral part of the distinctive panopticon layout of the site. It Correctional Centre has a high degree of has a distinctive finely detailed façade to Browning Street, with an impressive integrity. entry gate and surrounds. Much of the original character of this building is extant.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) The Gatehouse (Block O) at Bathurst Correctional Centre is socially significant at a local level as part of the Bathurst Correctional Centre. As the most public Prior to planning any further works the preparation of a component of the complex, it symbolises the whole of the Bathurst conservation plan is recommended. No further Correctional Centre. demolition of significant buildings should be permitted. It is recommended that a maintenance plan for all of the heritage buildings should be prepared. Furture SHR Criteria e) development should not obscure the original plan

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:30/04/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 4

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Bathurst Correctional Centre - Activities Building Number 3360022 Other Names/s Recreation Building; Male Hospital Group Name Bathurst Correctional Centre Location Browning Street Bathurst 2795 [former] Bathurst Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Activities Building at Bathurst Correctional Centre was designed for use as the male hospital. This building is significant: as an integral part of a fine nineteenth century gaol complex; as an Category Prison example of a model prison hospital, as developed by the Colonial Architects Office in the late Themes nineteenth century; an integral element of the original complex with its radial panopticon layout; National State Local associated with the day-to-day running of the gaol. 7. Governing Law and order (none)

Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Acitivities building

Former Use Male Hospital

Years 1884 1888 Circa No Physical Description The Activities Building at Bathurst Correctional Centre is a single storey brick building originally Designer James Barnet 1883-1884 Colonial featuring a slate roof. The ward with verandahs to three sides occupied the rear of the building. Architects Office 1883-1884 This has been converted to a gym and the arcade infilled to provide storage and snooker area. Builder William Smith The staff and surgery areas at the front of the building have been converted into activity areas, however the original plan layout remains largely intact. Style:Victorian Free Classical. Period:1876-1900. Physical The Activities Building is in fair Condition condition.

Modification This building has been altered, Dates including infill to the rear verandah to accommodate its changed use from male hospital to Activities Building.

Historical Notes The Activities Building at Bathurst Correctional Centre (former male hospital) was built during the Further Further assessment required main phase of construction of the gaol c1884- 1888. Comments The plan layout developed by the Colonial Architects Branch under James Barnet was used for double and single storey hospital buildings at a number of gaols including Goulbourn and Darlinghurst. At Goulburn the hospital is located in the same relationship to the main axis as Bathurst, however, the Goulburn example is more intact.

The use of verandahs surrounding the ward was traditionally used in military hospitals in hot climates as an attempt to control the heat. The ward form, with a four sided verandah was brought Lot and DP to Australia at the beginning of the nineteenth century and was used throughout the remainder of the colony. The Colonial Architects Office under James Barnet refined the form to develop a standard prison hospital layout.

The former male hospital has been converted for use as a recreation facility.

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:31/05/2006 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 5

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

References Author Title Year Caption Hospital building (original) 1890s 2nd Task Force report on the redevelopment of Bathurst Gaol 1978 James Semple Kerr Out of sight, out of mind : Australia's places of 1988 confinement, 1788 - 1988 Copyright: Department of Corrective Services Image by: Department of Corrective Services Studies Date: 1/01/1890 Number:

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Activities Building at Bathurst Correctional Centre is historically significant as an integral part of a model prison designed by the Colonial Architects Office in the late 1870s and early 1880s, laid out using the radial panopticon principle, with ranges of dormitories or cells radiating out from a central observation point, aimed at efficient and complete observation and total control of the institution with minimal staff. SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Activities at Bathurst Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant as an The Activities Building at Bathurst integral part of the distinctive panopticon layout of the site. Much of the original Correctional Centre is relatively intact. character of this building is extant.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) The Activities Building at Bathurst Correctional Centre is socially significant at a local level as part of the Bathurst Correctional Centre. Prior to planning any further works the preparation of a conservation plan is recommended. No further demolition of significant building should be permited. It is recommended that a maintenance plan for all of the heritage buildings should be prepared. Future SHR Criteria e) development should not obscure the original plan

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:31/05/2006 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 6

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Bathurst Correctional Centre - A Wing Number 3360023 Other Names/s Cell Range A Group Name Bathurst Correctional Centre Location Browning Street Bathurst 2795 [former] Bathurst Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement A Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre is significant as an integral part of a fine example of a late nineteenth century gaol complex; an example of a cell range designed according to the model Category Prison prison layout developed by the Colonial Architect in the late nineteenth century; for its association Themes with the day-to-day running of the gaol; as an example of the type of accommodation provided for National State Local prisoners in the late nineteenth century; for its continuity of use. 7. Governing Law and order (none)

Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Inmate accommodation

Former Use Cell range

Years 1884 1888 Circa No Physical Description Cell Range A is constructed of brick with sandstone detailing, including the copings, surrounds to Designer James Barnet 1883-1884 William the oeiul-de-boeuf and high level cell windows. Each cell range was connected to the (now Cole 1883-1884 demolished) chapel via bridge at first floor level. The 13' X 7' cells were arranged around a central Builder William Smith void. Some modifications of the cell layout has occured to introduce administration functions such as storage and showers. Associated with each cell range were exercise yards, shelter sheds and ablutions block. Style:Victorian Free Classical. Period:1876-1900. Physical A Wing is in good condition Condition

Modification Most accommodation wings at Dates Bathurst were altered in the 1980s, following the Nagle Royal Commission into NSW Prisons.

Historical Notes Bathurst Gaol was one of two model prison layouts designed by the Colonial Architects Office in Further the 1880s. A Wing, originally known as Cell range A, is one of four radial cell blocks ( 3 male and Comments 1 female ) built during the main phase of construction of the gaol, 1884-1888. The cell ranges contained cells built according to a new policy, the cells were larger than previous gaols and only accommodated 1 prisoner. The gaol buildings were severely damaged in a riot in 1974. This cell range is still in use as prisoner accommodation.

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:02/01/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 7

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

References Author Title Year Caption Block Plan showing location of A 2nd Task Force report on the redevelopment of Wing (shaded black) Bathurst Gaol 1978. James Semple Kerr Out of sight, out of mind : Australia's places of 1988 confinement, 1788 - 1988 Copyright: NSW Department of Public Works & Services Studies Image by: NSW Department of Public Works & Services Date: 28/06/2002 Number: 006-001.DGN

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) A Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre is historically significant as an integral part of a model prison designed by the Colonial Architects Office in the late 1870s and early 1880s, laid out using the radial panopticon principle, with ranges of dormitories or cells radiating out from a central observation point, aimed at efficient and complete observation and total control of the institution with minimal staff. SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) A Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant as an integral part of the distinctive panopticon layout of the site. Much of the original character of this building is extant.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) A Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre is socially significant at a local level as part of the Bathurst Correctional Centre. The preparation of a Conservation Plan is recommended. No further demolition of significant buildings should be permited. Conservation of the original fabric is recommended. The preparation of a maintenance plan is recommended. Further SHR Criteria e) development should not obscure the original layout of

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SHI Item Name Bathurst Correctional Centre - B Wing Number 3360024 Other Names/s Cell Range No. 1; Cell range B Group Name Bathurst Correctional Centre Location Browning Street Bathurst 2795 [former] Bathurst Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement B Wing of Bathurst Correctional Centre is significant as an integral part of a fine example of a late nineteenth century gaol complex; associated with capital punishment, administered in the late Category Prison nineteenth century; associated with the day-to-day running of the gaol; an example of the type of Themes accomodation provided for prisoners in the late ninteenth century; significant for its continuity of National State Local use. 7. Governing Law and order (none)

Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Inmate accommodation

Former Use Cell range

Years 1884 1888 Circa No Physical Description B Wing of the Bathurst Correctional Centre (formerly Cell range No. 1 ( B )) is constructed of brick Designer Colonial Architects Office - James with sandstone detailing, including copings and surroundings to the high level cell windows and Barnet 1883-1884 William Cole "oeuil-de-boeuf". Each cell range was connected to the (now demolished) chapel via a bridge at Builder William Smith first floor level. The cell range contained 102 standard cells (13' X 7') and a number of special cells including 4 dark ( punishment ) cells, and padded cell and 2 condemned cells, located opposite from the scaffold. Association with each cell range were execise yards and an ablutions Physical B Wing of the Bathurst Correctional block. Style:Victorian Free Classical. Period:1876-1900. Condition Centre is in good condition.

Modification Most accommodation wings at Dates Bathurst were altered in the 1980s, following the Nagle Royal Commission into NSW Prisons.

Historical Notes Bathurst Correctional Centre was one of two model prison layouts designed by the Colonial Further Further assessment required Architects Office in the 1880s. Comments B Wing (formerly Cell range B) is one of four radial cell blocks ( 3 male, 1 female ) built during the main phase of construction of the gaol, 1884-1888. The cell ranges contained cell blocks built according to a new policy, the cells were larger than previous and only accommodate 1 prisoner.

The gaol buildings were severely damaged during a riot in 1974. The cell range is still used to accommodate prisoners.

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:31/05/2006 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 9

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

References Author Title Year Caption Block Plan indicating location of B 2nd Task Force report on the redevelopment of Wing (shaded black) Bathurst Gaol 1978. James Semple Kerr Out of sight, out of mind : Australia's places of 1988 confinement, 1788 - 1988 Copyright: NSW Department of Public Works & Services Studies Image by: NSW Department of Public Works & Services Date: 28/06/2002 Number: 006-001.DGN

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) B Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre is historically significant as an integral part of a model prison designed by the Colonial Architects Office in the late 1870s and early 1880s, laid out using the radial panopticon principle, with ranges of dormitories or cells radiating out from a central observation point, aimed at efficient and complete observation and total control of the institution with minimal staff. SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) B Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant as an integral part of the distinctive panopticon layout of the site. Much of the original character of this building is extant.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) B Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre is socially significant at a local level as part of the Bathurst Correctional Centre. The preparation of a Conservation Plan is recommended. No further demolition of significant buildings should undertaken. The conservation of all significant fabric should be undertaken. The preparation of a maintenance plan is recommended. SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:31/05/2006 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 10

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SHI Item Name Bathurst Correctional Centre - C Wing Number 3360025 Other Names/s Cell range C Group Name Bathurst Correctional Centre Location Browning Street Bathurst 2795 [former] Bathurst Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement C Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre is significant: as an integral part of a significant nineteenth century gaol complex; as an example of a radial cell range built according to the model prison Category Prison layout developed by the Colonial Architect in the late nineteenth century; for its association with Themes the day-to-day running in the gaol; as an example of the type of accommodation provided for National State Local prisoners in the late nineteenth century. 7. Governing Law and order (none)

Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Inmate accommodation

Former Use Cell range

Years 1884 1888 Circa No Physical Description C Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre is constructed of brick with sandstone detailing, including Designer Colonial Architects Office - James copings and surroundings to the high level cell windows and oeuil-de-boeuf. Each cell block was Barnet 1883-1884 William Cole connected to the ( now demolished ) chapel via a bridge and walkway at first floor level. The cells Builder William Smith were 13" X 7" and aranged around central void. Cell ranges B and C are longer as they are located on the diagonal. Associated with each exercise yard and an ablutions block. Style:Victorian Free Classical. Period:1876-1900. Physical C Wing at Bathurst Correctional Condition Centre is in good condition

Modification Most accommodation wings at Dates Bathurst were altered in the 1980s, following the Nagle Royal Commission into NSW Prisons.

Historical Notes Bathurst Correctional centre is one of the two model prison layouts designed by the Colonial Further Further assessment required Architects Office in the 1880s. Comments C Wing of Bathurst Correctional Centre (formerly Cell range C) is one of four radial blocks built during the main phase of construction of the gaol, 1884-1888. The cell range contains cells built according to a new policy, the cells were larger than previous and only accommodated 1 prisoner.

The cell block were severely damaged during a riot in 1974.

This range is still used to accommodate prisoners. Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:31/05/2006 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 11

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References Author Title Year Caption Internal view of C Wing, 1890s 2nd Task Force report on the redevelopment of Bathurst Gaol 1978. James Semple Kerr Out of sight, out of mind : Australia's places of 1988 confinement, 1788 - 1988 Copyright: Department of Corrective Services Image by: Department of Corrective Services Studies Date: 1/01/1890 Number:

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) C Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre is historically significant as an integral part of a model prison designed by the Colonial Architects Office in the late 1870s and early 1880s, laid out using the radial panopticon principle, with ranges of dormitories or cells radiating out from a central observation point, aimed at efficient and complete observation and total control of the institution with minimal staff. SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) C Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant as an integral part of the distinctive panopticon layout of the site. Much of the original character of this building is extant.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) C Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre is socially significant at a local level as part of the Bathurst Correctional Centre. The preparation of a conservation plan is recomended. No further demolition of significant building should be undertaken. The conservation of all significant fabric should be undertaken. The preparation of a maintenance plan is recommended. SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:31/05/2006 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 12

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SHI Item Name Bathurst Correctional Centre - D Wing Number 3360026 Other Names/s Female Cell Range; Cell range D Group Name Bathurst Correctional Centre Location Browning Street Bathurst 2795 [former] Bathurst Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement D Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre was designed for use as the Female Cell Range. It is significant because: it is an integral part of a fine example of a late nineteenth century gaol Category Prison complex; an example of a radial cell range, designed according to the model prison layout by the Themes Colonial Architect in late nineteenth century; associated with the day-to-day running of the gaol; National State Local an example of the type of accommodation provided for prisoners in the late nineteenth century 7. Governing Law and order (none)

Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Inmate accommodation

Former Use Cell range

Years 1884 1888 Circa No Physical Description D Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre (formerly Cell range D) is constructed of brick with Designer Colonial Architects Office - James sandstone detailing, including copings and surroundings to the high level windows and "oeuil-de- Barnet 1883-1884 William Cole boeuf". Each cell block was connected to the ( now demolished ) chapel via a bridge at first floor Builder William Smith level. The cells were 13' X 7', and arranged around a central void. Some modifications of the cell layout has occured to provide additional functions such as storage areas and showers. Association with each cell range are exercise yard and an ablutions block. Style:Victorian Free Physical D Wing at Bathurst Correctional Classical. Period:1876-1900. Condition Centre is in good condition

Modification Most accommodation wings at Dates Bathurst were altered in the 1980s, following the Nagle Royal Commission into NSW Prisons.

Historical Notes D Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre (formerly Cell range D), was constructed as part of the Further Further assessment required female department, a separate compound within the main gaol compound designed to keep male Comments and female prisoners apart. Cell range D was one of four radial cell blocks ( 3 male, 1 female ) built during the main phase of construction of the gaol 1884-1888. The cell ranges contained cells built according to a new policy, the cells were larger than previous decade and the cell only accommodated one prisoner.

The building is still used to accommodate inmates.

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:31/05/2006 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 13

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

References Author Title Year Caption Block Plan (showing location of D 2nd Task Force report on the redevelopment of Wing) Bathurst Gaol 1978. James Semple Kerr Out of sight, out of mind : Australia's places of 1988 confinement, 1788 - 1988 Copyright: NSW Department of Public Works & Services Studies Image by: NSW Department of Public Works & Services Date: 28/06/2002 Number: 006-001.DGN

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) D Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre is historically significant as an integral part of a model prison designed by the Colonial Architects Office in the late 1870s and early 1880s, laid out using the radial panopticon principle, with ranges of dormitories or cells radiating out from a central observation point, aimed at efficient and complete observation and total control of the institution with minimal staff. SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) D Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant as an integral part of the distinctive panopticon layout of the site. Much of the original character of this building is extant.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) D Wing at Bathurst Correctional Centre is socially significant at a local level as part of the Bathurst Correctional Centre. The preparation of a Conservation Plan is recommended. No further demolition of significant building should be undertaken. The conservation of all significant fabric should be undertaken. The preparation of a maintenance plan is recommended. SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:31/05/2006 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 14

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SHI Item Name Bathurst Correctional Centre - E Block Administration Number 3360027 Other Names/s Matron's & Female Warders' Quarters Group Name Bathurst Correctional Centre Location Browning Street Bathurst 2795 [former] Bathurst Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement E Block Administration at Bathurst Correctional Centre was designed for use as the Matron and Female Warders Quarters. This building is significant because: it is as an integral part of a fine Category Prison example of a nineteenth century gaol complex; as an example of the conditions provided for staff Themes in the late nineteenth century; associated with the day-to-day running of the gaol. National State Local 7. Governing Law and order (none)

Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Offices

Former Use Female staff quarters

Years 1884 1888 Circa No Physical Description E Block Administration at Bathurst Correctional Centre is the former Matron and Female Warders Designer Colonial Architects Office - James Quarters, a single-storey building built in brick with a slate roof. The original layout of the front Barnet 1883-1884 Wiliam Cole rooms remains however the rear wings have been added to and a verandah installed. The Builder William Smith fireplaces appear to have been removed however the chimneys remain. Style:Victorian Free Classical. Period:1876-1900. Physical E Block Administration at Bathurst Condition Correctional Centre is in good condition Modification The original layout of the front Dates rooms remains however the rear wings have been added to and a verandah installed. The fireplaces appear to have been removed however the chimneys remain.

Historical Notes Bathurst Correctional Centre was one of two model prison layouts designed by the Colonial Further Further assessment required Architects Office in the 1880s. Comments E Block Administration at Bathurst Correctional Centre (former Matron and Female warders quarters) was built during the main phase of the construction of the gaol (1884-1888) as part of female department. Female prisoners were confined in a totaly separate compound within the main compound. The male and female prisoners were segregated.

The building has been adapted for use as offices.

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:31/05/2006 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 15

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References Author Title Year Caption Block Plan (showing location of E 2nd Task Force report on the redevelopment of Block) Bathurst Gaol 1978. James Semple Kerr Out of sight, out of mind : Australia's places of 1988 confinement, 1788 - 1988 Copyright: NSW Department of Public Works & Services Studies Image by: NSW Department of Public Works & Services Date: 28/06/2002 Number: 006-001.DGN

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) E Block at Bathurst Correctional Centre is historically significant as an original element of the model prison designed by the Colonial Architects Office in the late 1870s and early 1880s.

This wing also is evidence of advances in penal architecture in the late nineteenth century, as well as changing philosophies in correctional services SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c)

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) E Block (Administation) at Bathurst Correctional Centre is socially significant at a local level as part of the Bathurst Correctional Centre. The preparation of a Conservation Plan is recommended. No further demolition of significant building should be undertaken. The conservation of all significant fabric should be undertaken. The preparation of a maintenance plan is recommended SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:31/05/2006 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 16

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SHI Item Name Bathurst Correctional Centre - G Block Education Number 3360028 Other Names/s Workshop Group Name Bathurst Correctional Centre Location Browning Street Bathurst 2795 [former] Bathurst Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement G Block Education at Bathurst Correctional Centre is the former Workshop Range. This building is significant: as an integral part of a late nineteenth century gaol complex; associated with the Category Prison day-to-day running of the gaol; associated with the training and employment of prisoners, Themes reflecting mid - late 19th century philosophies of incarceration. National State Local 7. Governing Law and order (none)

Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Education Building

Former Use Workshop, Store, School Room, Library

Years 1884 1888 Circa No Physical Description G Block Education at Bathurst Correctional Centre is a two storey brick workshop with a Designer Colonial Architects Office - James cantilevered balcony and external staircase providing access to the upper levels. (The 1893 plan Barnet 1883-1884 William Coles showed no internal staircase ). Decorative cast iron brackets support the verandah roof. A series Builder William Smith of arched window and door openings create a rhythm. In most cases the original joinery remains. The workshops have been modified to provide storage and toilet facilities. Style:Victorian Free Classical. Period:1876-1900. Physical G Block Education at Bathurst Condition Correctional Centre is in good condition. Modification In most cases the original joinery Dates remains. The workshops have been modified to provide storage and toilet facilities.

Historical Notes G Block Education at Bathurst Correctional Centre is was designed for use as the workshop Further Further assessment required range, built during the main phase of construction of the gaol, 1884-1888. Comments The 1883 plan shows that the building contained a school room and library, a laundry and store and workshops for blacksmiths, tinsmiths, carpenters and painters workshops.

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:31/05/2006 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 17

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References Author Title Year Caption Education block housing former 2nd Task Force report on the redevelopment of workshops, school room, library Bathurst Gaol 1978. and stores, 1890s James Semple Kerr Out of sight, out of mind : Australia's places of 1988 confinement, 1788 - 1988 Copyright: Department of Corrective Services Image by: Department of Corrective Services Studies Date: 1/01/1890 Number:

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) G Block at Bathurst Correctional Centre is historically significant as an original element of the model prison designed by the Colonial Architects Office in the late 1870s and early 1880s.

This wing is evidence of advances in penal architecture in the late nineteenth century, as well as changing philosophies in correctional services since the SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b) Aesthetically representative Regional.

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) G Block at Bathurst Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant as an integral part of the original layout of the site. Much of the original character of this building is extant. This building is also distinctive for its unusual form, as a long thin building with a series of rooms opening directly to the front façade or the first floor verandah.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) G Block (Education) at Bathurst Correctional Centre is socially significant at a local level as part of the Bathurst Correctional Centre. The preparation of a conservation plan is recommended. No further demolition of significant building should be undertaken. The conservation of all significant fabric should be undertaken. The preparation of a maintenance plan is recommended. SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:31/05/2006 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 18

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SHI Item Name Bathurst Correctional Centre - Water Tower Number 3360029 Other Names/s Group Name Bathurst Correctional Centre Location Browning Street Bathurst 2795 [former] Bathurst Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Water Tower at Bathurst Correctional Centre is significant: as an integral part of a fine nineteenth century gaol; as a fine example of a utilitarian structure integrated into an axial overall Category Prison plan; as a distinctive landmark; and because of its associations with the day-to-day running of the Themes gaol. National State Local 7. Governing Law and order (none)

Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Water tower

Former Use Water tower

Years 1884 Circa No Physical Description The Water Tower at Bathurst Correctional Centre is an interesting masonry structure. At its lowest Designer James Barnet 1884- Colonial level, the tower has a rendered square base, marked in ashlar. The tower proper is hexagonal as Architects Office - far as the cantilevered balcony and round in plan above this level. The reservoir, at the top of the Builder William Smith tower appears to be concrete. A broach detail connects the rendered base to the brick shaft.

The water tower is located on the central axis of the gaol, along with the gatehouse and now Physical The Water Tower at Bathurst demolished chapel. Condition Correctional Centre is in good condition The water tower was the main difference between the Goulburn and Bathurst gaol plans, at Modification Goulburn a water tower does not appear to have been necessary. Dates Style:Victorian Free Classical. Period:1876-1900.

Historical Notes The Water Tower at Bathurst Correctional Centre was constructed during the main phase of Further Further assessment required construction of the gaol, 1884-1888. Comments The date 1888 occurs above the doorway on the rendered base.

The water tower has a cantilevered balcony which presumably functioned as a watch tower.

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:31/05/2006 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 19

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References Author Title Year Caption Block Plan (showing location of 2nd Task Force report on the redevelopment of Water Tower shaded black) Bathurst Gaol 1978. James Semple Kerr Out of sight, out of mind : Australia's places of 1988 confinement, 1788 - 1988 Copyright: NSW Department of Public Works & Services Studies Image by: NSW Department of Public Works & Services Date: 28/06/2002 Number: 006-001.DGN

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Water Tower at Bathurst Correctional Centre is historically significant as As a finely detailed water tower, within a late an interesting part of the model prison designed by the Colonial Architects 19th century prison, the Water Tower at Office in the late 1870s and early 1880s, laid out using the radial panopticon Bathurst Correctional Centre is rare. principle, with ranges of dormitories or cells radiating out from a central observation point, aimed at efficient and complete observation and total control of the institution with minimal staff. SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Water Tower at Bathurst Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant as an interesting element of the original layout of the site. It is a striking vertical element in a prominent location within the complex. Much of the original character of this building is extant.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) The Water Tower at the Bathurst Correctional Centre is socially significant at a local level as part of the Bathurst Correctional Centre. The preparation of a Conservation Plan is recommended. No further demolition of significant building should be undertaken. The conservation of all significant fabric should be undertaken. The preparation of a maintenance plan is recommended. SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 19/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:31/05/2006 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 20

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SHI Item Name Berrima Correctional Centre Number 3360094 Other Names/s Berrima Training Centre; Berrima Gaol; Berrima Jail Group Name Berrima Correctional Centre Location Argyle Street, corner Wilshire & Wingecarribee Streets Berrima 25 Wingecarribee Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement Berrima Correctional Centre is historically significant as it contains elements of the original Berrima Gaol, dating from the 1830s. Its original configuration was distinctive, employing a partial Category Prison panopticon layout. Subsequent changes and uses reflect the changing philosophies, expectations Themes and requirements for the incarceration of criminals in NSW, and penal architecture generally from National State Local the 1830s until the present day. 7. Governing Law and order (none) This complex and adjoining courthouse reflect the importance of Berrima as a regional centre in the early 19th century, and are directly linked to its subsequent development. Berrima Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant for its form and character; while the complex has a form and Owner Corrective Services fabric from a range of periods, it retains a distinctive character through the consistent use of sandstone, dominant fence, gatehouse, adjoining stone & brick residences and landscaped setting. Current Use Nil At a local level, the Berrima Correctional Centre is socially significant for its role in law and order Former Use Correctional Centre; Gaol; in the local area, as well as being an important local employer since the early 19th century. Internment Camp; Store Berrima Correctional Centre has technical / research significance and is rare at a national level as

Years 1835 1945 Circa No Physical Description Berrima Correctional Centre comprises a compound constructed of sandstone, probably quarried Designer Colonial Architects Branch 1866- locally, dating from 1835. By 1866, the complex comprised a partial panopticon layout surrounded James Barnet 1866- Colonial by a high wall with an elaborate neo-classical gatehouse modelled on a medieval city gate. Builder Convict Work Gangs 1835 Further additions were completed in 1900, consisting of 24 new cells, a new residence for the Unknown 1866 Prison Labour 1945 Deputy Governor outside the gaol and tower and platform at the south-west corner. Physical Good The buildings within the compound were dismantled at the end of WW II and reconstructed rebuilt Condition by prison labour at a cost of £18,000. The current configuration of the complex comprises a single storey stone building with two internal courtyards, contained within the original stone wall. The Modification Numerous modifications, including adjoining stone buildings including the former two-storey Governor’s residence and neighbouring Dates demolition of all internal buildings farm areas continue to be used as part of the centre. and the construction of new buildings within the existing wall in 1945-9. Refer to history.

Historical Notes With construction beginning in 1835, Berrima Gaol was completed in October 1839, employing a Further partial panopticon layout, with construction supervised by the colonial architect Mortimer Lewis. Comments The design was adopted by Governor, Richard Bourke, from the SIPD (Society for the Improvement of Prison Discipline) pamphlet. The building cost 5,400 pounds and comprised 34 cells accommodating 66 prisoners. It was originally designed to hold prisoners from the surrounding areas, but Goulburn Gaol took over this role and it became a subsidiary prison housing sick and aged convicts from other gaols.

Bushranger Paddy Curran was the first man hung there in 1842 and in 1843, Lucretia Dunkley became the first and only woman hung at Berrima for the axe murder of her husband. Lot and DP CROWN LAND 276-3040 The gaol was enlarged between 1863 and 1868 to provide separate cells for 110 prisoners. In 1865, it became a model prison where men served out the first 12 months of separate treatment. CROWN LAND 416-3040 The "silent" system was introduced in 1866; speaking to anyone was forbidden during the first nine months of a prisoner’s sentence. Installation of electric light was completed in early 1895.

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:08/03/2012 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 1

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Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register 00807 2/04/1999 Local Environmental Plan 6/01/1984 Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register

References Author Title Year Caption Aerial, Berrima Correctional Centre NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Directory of Corrective Services 1977 1977 Terry Kass, for Department of Commerce Thematic History of Corrective Services for Section 2004 170 Heritage Register

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) Berrima Correctional Centre is historically significant as it contains elements of Berrima Correctional Centre is rare as it the original Berrima Gaol, dating from the 1830s. Its original configuration was contains elements of the original Berrima distinctive, employing a partial panopticon layout. Subsequent changes and Gaol, dating from the 1830s. Furthermore, its uses reflect the changing philosophies, expectations and requirements for the original configuration was distinctive, incarceration of criminals in NSW, and penal architecture generally from the employing a partial panopticon layout, and 1830s until the present day. SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) Berrima Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant for its form and Berrima Correctional Centre has a moderate character, containing elements of the original Berrima Gaol, dating from the degree of integrity and intactness. 1830s. While the complex has a form and fabric from a range of periods, it retains a distinctive character through the consistent use of sandstone, dominant fence, gatehouse, adjoining stone & brick residences and landscaped setting. Recommended management SHR Criteria d) At a local level, the Berrima Correctional Centre is socially significant for its role in law and order in the local area, as well as being an important local A conservation plan is recommended prior to planning employer since the early 19th century. or undertaking any proposed work. All works should minimise disturbance to original building fabric.

SHR Criteria e) Berrima Correctional Centre has technical / research significance as it contains elements of the original Berrima Gaol, dating from the 1830s. Furthermore, its original configuration was distinctive, employing a partial panopticon layout, and records and fabric relating to this earlier configuration are rare. Subsequent changes and uses reflect the changing philosophies, expectations and requirements for the incarceration of criminals in NSW, and

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:08/03/2012 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 2

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SHI Item Name Berrima Correctional Centre - Gatehouse Number 3360095 Other Names/s Group Name Berrima Correctional Centre Location Argyle Street Berrima 2577 Wingecarribee Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Gatehouse of Berrima Correctional Centre is historically significant as it relates to the first major redevelopment of the prison in the 1860s and was designed by the Colonial Architect, Category Prison James Barnet - it is one of the first of several neo-classical prison gatehouses he designed from Themes the 1860s-1890s. Subsequent changes and uses of the complex reflect the changing National State Local philosophies, expectations and requirements for the incarceration of criminals in NSW, and penal 7. Governing Law and order (none) architecture generally from the 1830s until the present day. The gatehouse is also important as is is associated with the reception of prisoners and visitors and the daily management of the gaol.

Owner Corrective Services The Gatehouse of Berrima Correctional Centre has aesthetically significance at a state level as an impressive structure, elliptical in plan, constructed of finely worked sandstone, with a central arch and keystone in the form of a console bracket. The Gatehouse is a distinctive local landmark and Current Use Gatehouse is perhaps the most defining component of the complex.

Former Use Gatehouse At a local level, the Gatehouse at Berrima Correctional Centre is socially significant as part of the Correctional Centre, noted for its role in law and order in the local area, as well as being an

Years 1866 Circa No Physical Description The gatehouse of Berrima Gaol is an impressive component of the external wall of the correctional Designer Colonial Architects Office 1866- centre, constructed when the gaol was expanded during the 1860s. The building is elliptical in James Barnet 1866- plan, with a parapet concealing the roof. Presumably this roof was originally slate, as indicated by Builder Unknown its complicated form.

The Gatehouse is constructed of finely worked sandstone, with a central arch as its main feature, Physical The gatehouse of Berrima Gaol is with a keystone in the form of a console bracket. The rusticated flanking pilasters have alternating Condition in good condition bands of smooth and rough faced ashlar. This mannerist detailing contributes to the feeling of solidity conveyed by the design of this building. The gates are composed of solid panelled doors Modification with a grill above. Arrow slits are located in the curved side bays, which allowed observation of Dates the forecourt.

A formal approach, with a central drive and flanking garden beds has been created.

Historical Notes Berrima Gaol compound was built by convict labour between 1835 and 1839. In 1866 the gaol Further facilites were enlarged and an elaborate gatehouse constructed, modelled on a medieval city Comments gate. This gatehouse is probably the first in the series of elaborate neo-classical gatehouses designed by the Colonial Architects Office, under James Barnet, between 1862 and 1890.

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State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:11/03/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 3

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Berrima Correctional Centre - Gatehouse Number 3360095 Other Names/s Group Name Berrima Correctional Centre Location Argyle Street Berrima 2577 Wingecarribee Assessed State Significance

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Local Environmental Plan Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, gatehouse NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Directory of Corrective Services 1977 1977 NSW Public Works Department PWD NSW Conservation List 1980

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Gatehouse of Berrima Correctional Centre is historically significant as it The Gatehouse at Berrima Correctional relates to the first major redevelopment of the prison in the 1860s and was Centre is rare as a mannerist neo-classical designed by the Colonial Architect, James Barnet. Subsequent changes and gatehouse with high quality detailing and a uses of the complex reflect the changing philosophies, expectations and distinctive character. requirements for the incarceration of criminals in NSW, and penal architecture generally from the 1830s until the present day. SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b) The Gatehouse of Berrima Correctional Centre has associations with James Barnet, Colonial Architect, as it is one of the first of several neo-classical prison gatehouses he designed from the 1860s-1890s.

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Gatehouse of Berrima Correctional Centre has aesthetically significance The Gatehouse at Berrima Correctional at a state level as an impressive structure, elliptical in plan, constructed of Centre has a high degree of integrity, finely worked sandstone, with a central arch and keystone in the form of a particularly externally. console bracket. The structure is distinctively mannerist in character.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) At a local level, the Gatehouse at Berrima Correctional Centre is socially significant as part of the Correctional Centre, noted for its role in law and order A conservation plan is highly recommended prior to any in the local area, as well as being an important local employer since the early work is planned or undertaken. All works should 19th century. minimise disturbance to original building fabric.

SHR Criteria e) The Gatehouse at Berrima Correctional Centre has technical / research significance as an early example of the work of James Barnet and particularly as one of a suite of neoclassical entrances to prisons designed by Barnet from the 1860s - 1890s.

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:11/03/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 4

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Berrima Correctional Centre - Outer Wall Number 3360096 Other Names/s Group Name Berrima Correctional Centre Location Argyle Street, corner Wilshire & Wingecarribee Streets Berrima 25 Wingecarribee Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Outer Wall of Berrima Correctional Centre is historically significant at a state level as it is an integral extant element of the original Berrima Gaol, dating from the 1830s. It is one of the few Category Prison surviving examples of a gaol compound dating from pre 1840 and was constructed using convict Themes work gangs. This element has been continually in use since it was constructed. National State Local 2. Peopling Convict (none) The Outer Wall of Berrima Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant for its form and character, as an integral and extant element of the original Berrima Gaol, dating from the 1830s. 7. Governing Law and order (none) The Outer Wall is also important as a distinctive landmark. At a local level, the Outer Wall of Berrima Correctional Centre is socially significant as part of the Correctional Centre, noted for its Owner Corrective Services role in law and order in the local area, as well as being an important local employer since the early 19th century.

Current Use Gaol Compound The Outer Wall of Berrima Correctional Centre has technical / research significance as it is an important and extant element of the original Berrima Gaol, dating from the 1830s. It is rare as a Former Use Gaol Compound convict-built structure. The original configuration of the Gaol was distinctive, employing a partial panopticon layout, and records and fabric relating to this earlier configuration are rare.

Years 1835 1839 Circa No Physical Description The compound wall of Berrima Correctional Centre is constructed of ashlar stone blocks, with Designer Chief Eng./ Colonial Arch. external piers. Two internal piers occur, possibly added later to further stabilise the walls. The extent of modification and/or re-building of the perimeter walls during later phases of gaol re- Builder Convict Work Gangs development is not known. The existence of convict mason marks has not been investigated.

Physical The Outer Wall is in good condition. Condition

Modification Dates

Historical Notes The perimeter wall of Berrima Gaol was constructed using convict labour between 1835 and 1839, Further presumably using stone that was quarried locally. The convict gangs would have been employed Comments to quarry the stone, haul it to the site and build the wall.

The plan of the compound is based on a model prison layout selected by the Governor. This form of compound was employed in NSW from the mid 1820s.

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State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:11/03/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 5

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Local Environmental Plan Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, outer wall The Register of the National Estate Mortimer Lewis Early Australian Architects and Their Work NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Directory of Corrective Services 1977 1977 NSW Public Works Department PWD NSW Conservation List 1980 Copyright: Department of Commerce Image by: Department of Commerce Studies Date: 3/02/2004 Number: 018-001.DGN

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Outer Wall of Berrima Correctional Centre is historically significant at a The Outer Wall of Berrima Correctional state level as it is an integral extant element of the original Berrima Gaol, Centre is rare as it a convict-built structure dating from the 1830s. and an important extant element of the original Berrima Gaol, dating from the 1830s. The original configuration of the Gaol was SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b) The Outer Wall of Berrima Correctional Centre is representative of a gaol compound wall, generally high masonry walls with limited openings, typically used in prison development to restrict access into and out of Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Outer Wall of Berrima Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant for The Outer Wall of Berrima Correctional its form and character, as an integral and extant element of the original Centre has a high degree of intactness. Berrima Gaol, dating from the 1830s. The Outer Wall is also important as a distinctive landmark.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) At a local level, the Outer Wall of Berrima Correctional Centre is socially significant as part of the Correctional Centre, noted for its role in law and order A conservation plan is highly recommended prior to any in the local area, as well as being an important local employer since the early work is planned or undertaken. All works should 19th century. minimise disturbance to original building fabric.

SHR Criteria e) The Outer Wall of Berrima Correctional Centre has technical / research significance as it is an important and extant element of the original Berrima Gaol, dating from the 1830s. The original configuration of the Gaol was distinctive, employing a partial panopticon layout, and records and fabric relating to this earlier configuration are rare.

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:11/03/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 6

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Berrima Correctional Centre - Officer Amenities Number 3360097 Other Names/s Deputy Governor's Quarters Group Name Berrima Correctional Centre Location Argyle Street, corner Wilshire Street Berrima 2577 Wingecarribee Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Officers Amenities Building at Berrima Correctional Centre has historic significance as it was built for use as the Deputy Governors Residence in 1900. It also has historic significance as part Category Prison of the Berrima Correctional Centre, an important prison complex dating from the 1830s. The Themes Officers Amenities Building at Berrima Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant for its form National State Local and character, materials, detailing and setting, typical of the work of Walter Liberty Vernon, 7. Governing Law and order (none) Government Architect during the Federation period. The Officers Amenities is a significanct element within the State heritage curtilage of the gaol complex, inorming the early layout of the site and for its role in law and order in the local area, as well as being an important local employer since the early 19th century. Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Staff amenities

Former Use Residence

Years 1900 Circa No Physical Description The Officers Amenities is a single storey domestic dwelling constructed of face brick with Designer Walter Liberty Vernon, Government sandstone detailing, typical of the architecture of Government Architect, Walter Liberty Vernon Architect and the Federation period. The dwelling features a bay window at the front and a verandah with Builder Unknown timber posts.

Physical The Officers Amenities is in good Condition condition.

Modification Externally, the building has Dates undergone some modifications over time, such as a rear extension constructed of fibrous-cement sheeting. This rear addition is intrusive and detracts from the heritage values of the building. There are other minor modifications internally, such as the infilling of Historical Notes The Officers Amenities Building was constructed in 1900 for use as the Deputy Governors Further Residence. It was designed by the Government Architect, Walter Liberty Vernon. Comments

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State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:15/06/2017 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 7

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Local Environmental Plan Public Works Department - Former register

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Officer amenities, NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Directory of Corrective Services 1977 1977 former Governor's Quarters NSW Public Works Department PWD NSW Conservation List 1980

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Officers Amenities Building has historic significance as it was built for use as the Deputy Governors Residence in 1900. It also has historic significance as part of the Berrima Correctional Centre, an important prison complex dating from the 1830s.

SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b) The Officers Amenities building holds associative significance as it was designed by prominent Government Architect, Walter Liberty Vernon.

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Officers Amenities Building at Berrima Correctional Centre is aesthetically The Officers Amenities Building at Berrima significant for its form and character, materials, detailing and setting, typical of Correctional Centre has a moderate degree the work of Walter Liberty Vernon, Government Architect and the Federation of integrity. period.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) The Officers Facilities at Berrima Correctional Centre is socially significant as part of the Correctional Centre, noted for its role in law and order in the local A conservation plan is highly recommended prior to any area, as well as being an important local employer since the early 19th century. work is planned or undertaken. All works should minimise disturbance to original building fabric.

SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:15/06/2017 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 8

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SHI Item Name Berrima Correctional Centre - Arts & Crafts Shop Number 3360098 Other Names/s Residence; Superintendent's House; Governor's House; Police Sta Group Name Berrima Correctional Centre Location Argyle Street, corner Wingecarribee Streets Berrima 2577 Wingecarribee Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Arts and Crafts Shop at Berrima Correctional Centre is historically significant as was constructed during the late 19th Century for use as the Governor’s Residence. It’s development Category Prison and subsequent uses including as police station and arts and crafts shop reflects the changing Themes philosophies, expectations and requirements for the incarceration of criminals in NSW, and penal National State Local architecture generally. The building is also indicative of the development of Berrima generally. The 7. Governing Law and order (none) Arts & Crafts Shop at Berrima Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant for its strong form, character, materials and details. It is a distinctive building, prominently located on the north- 7. Governing Law and order (none) eastern corner of the gaol site, and retains an attractive landscaped setting. At a local level, the Arts & Crafts Shop at Berrima Correctional Centre is socially significant as part of the Correctional Owner Corrective Services Centre, noted for its role in law and order in the local area, as well as being an important local employer since the early 19th century. Current Use Vacant

Former Use Residence

Years 1898 Circa No Physical Description The Arts & Crafts Shop at Berrima Correctional Centre is a two storey federation house on the Designer Unknown south-eastern corner of the site. Originally built in 1898 to house the Governor of the Gaol, the building is an impressive stone residence with a hipped roof with eaves supported on cast iron Builder Unknown brackets. The building is surrounded on 3 sides with a deep, single storied, timber framed verandah, with paired timber columns on sandstone bases and a central gable over the main entrance. The columns are decorated with small timber corner brackets. Physical The Arts and Crafts Shop at Condition Berrima Correctional Centre is in All windows are timber-framed and are a combination of double hung sashes (with multipaned top fair condition. sashes) and casements (with multipaned fanlights). French doors open onto the verandah. The Modification The Arts & Crafts Shop at Berrima stone chimneys on the north and south elevations have simple mouldings below battered tops. Dates Correctional Centre has been altered to accommodate new uses The house is set in an attractive garden and has a stone fence to the street frontage. over time, including a police station and arts and crafts store where Internally a number of the original features remain. prisoners once sold their handcrafted items.

Historical Notes The Arts & Crafts Shop was built in 1898 as the residence for the Governor of Berrima Gaol, using Further stone quarried from behind the Holy Trinity Church. It was used as a residence until the 1930s Comments when it was used as a police station. A number of other uses linked to the Gaol continued including its current use as a shop for arts and crafts made by the inmates of the Correctional Centre.

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State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:22/06/2017 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 9

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register 00807 2/04/1999 Local Environmental Plan 6/01/1984 Public Works Department - Former register

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Arts & Craft Shop NSW Dept of Corrective Services Directory of Corrective Services 1977 NSW Public Works Department PWD NSW Conservation List 1980

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Arts & Crafts Shop at Berrima Correctional Centre is historically significant as was constructed during the late 19th Century for use as the Governor’s Residence. It’s development and subsequent uses including as police station and arts and crafts shop reflects the changing philosophies, expectations and requirements for the incarceration of criminals in NSW, and penal architecture generally. SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Arts & Crafts Shop at Berrima Correctional Centre is aesthetically The exterior form and all original fabric of the significant for its strong form, character, materials and details. It is a distinctive Arts & Crafts Shop retains a high degree of building, prominently located on the north-eastern corner of the gaol site, and integrity. The interior has been modified over retains an attractive landscaped setting. time to accommodate new uses however still retains a moerate degree integrity. Recommended management SHR Criteria d) The Arts & Crafts Shop at Berrima Correctional Centre is socially significant as part of the Correctional Centre, noted for its role in law and order in the local A conservation plan is highly recommended prior to any area, as well as being an important local employer since the early 19th century. work is planned or undertaken. All works should minimise disturbance to original building fabric.

SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:22/06/2017 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 10

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SHI Item Name Berrima Correctional Centre - Dangerous Goods Store Number 3360099 Other Names/s Isolation Cells Group Name Berrima Correctional Centre Location Argyle Street, corner Wingecarribee Streets Berrima 2577 Wingecarribee Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Dangerous Good Store at the Berrima Correctional Centre is historically significant as the former isolation cells, an important part of the Correctional Centre, as it shows the changing Category Prison philosophies, expectations and requirements for the incarceration of criminals in NSW. The Themes Dangerous Goods Store at Berrima Correctional Centre is socially significant as part of the National State Local Correctional Centre, noted for its role in law and order in the local area, as well as being an 7. Governing Law and order (none) important local employer since the early 19th century. Originally constructed as isolation cells, the Dangerous Goods Store at Berrima Correctional Centre has technical/research significance as part of the interesting complex of Berrima Gaol, dating from the 1830s. This building can provide further information on the changing management and use of the site from the early 20th century. Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Store

Former Use Isolation Cells

Years 1900 Circa Yes Physical Description The Dangerous Good Store is a single-storey building of brick construciton, concrete slab flooring Designer and cement tile roofing, with parapet wall on the north side of the building.

Builder

Physical The Dangerous Goods Store is in Condition good condition.

Modification Dates

Historical Notes The Dangerous Good Store at the Berrima Correctional Centre was constructed for use as Further isolation cells, probably at the beginning of the 290th century. Comments

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State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:15/06/2017 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 11

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Local Environmental Plan Public Works Department - Former register

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Dangerous Goods NSW Dept of Corrective Services Directory of Corrective Services 1977 Store NSW Public Works Department PWD NSW Conservation List 1980

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Dangerous Good Store at the Berrima Correctional Centre is historically significant as an important part of the Correctional Centre, originally built as isolation cells for difficult inmates in c1900. The building reflects the changing philosophies, expectations and requirements for the incarceration of criminals in NSW.

SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Dangerous Goods Store is relatively intact and retains a high degree of integrity.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) The Dangerous Goods Store at Berrima Correctional Centre is socially significant as part of the Correctional Centre, noted for its role in law and order Further research is required. All works should in the local area, as well as being an important local employer since the early minimise disturbance to original building fabric. 19th century.

SHR Criteria e) Originally constructed as isolation cells, the Dangerous Goods Store at Berrima Correctional Centre has technical/research significance as part of the interesting complex of Berrima Gaol, dating from the 1830s. This building can provide further information on the changing management and use of the site from the early 20th century.

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:15/06/2017 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 12

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Berrima Correctional Centre - Farm Buildings Number 3360100 Other Names/s Group Name Berrima Correctional Centre Location Argyle Street, corner Wingecarribee Streets Berrima 2577 Wingecarribee Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Farm Buildings at Berrima Correctional Centre are historically significant as part of the Berrima Correctional centre, an important gaol dating from the 1830s. They provide evidence of Category Prison how the prison was managed since the mid-late 19th century. At a local level, the Farm Buildings Themes at Berrima Correctional Centre are socially significant as part of the Correctional Centre, noted for National State Local its role in law and order in the local area, as well as being an important local employer since the 7. Governing Law and order (none) early 19th century. The Farm Buildings at Berrima Correctional Centre are rare as evidence of early rural industries associated with the correctional centre. The Farm Buildings at Berrima Correctional Centre are representative of mid-late 19th century rural vernacular buildings of the southern highlands. Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Storage/garage

Former Use Farm Buildings

Years 1890 Circa Yes Physical Description The Farm Buildings are single storey interconnected buildings of masonry and sandstone walls, Designer Unknown concrete slab flooring and corrugated iron roofs.

Builder Unknown

Physical The Farm Buildings are in fair Condition condition.

Modification Externally the buildings generally Dates retain their overall form and original fabric. Internally, the buildings have undergone substantial alteration over time to accommodate new uses. Much original fabric has been compromised and the southern side of the buildings have been modified to accommodate a double garage. Historical Notes The Farm Buildings were likely to have been built in the mid-late 19th century for use in the Further gardens associated with the prison. Comments

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State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:22/06/2017 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 13

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Local Environmental Plan Public Works Department - Former register

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Farm Buildings NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Directory of Corrective Services 1977 1977 NSW Public Works Department PWD NSW Conservation List 1980

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Farm Buildings at Berrima Correctional Centre are historically significant The Farm Buildings at Berrima Correctional as part of the Berrima Correctional centre, an important gaol dating from the Centre are rare as evidence of early rural 1830s. industries associated with the correctional centre.

SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b) The Farm Buildings at Berrima Correctional Centre are representative of mid-late 19th century rural vernacular buildings of the southern highlands.

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) Typical of functioning rural buildings of the mid-late 19th century, these buildings have undergone alterations and additions to accommodate changing needs. The Farm Buildings retain a low level of integrity. Recommended management SHR Criteria d) The Farm Buildings at Berrima Correctional Centre are socially significant as part of the Correctional Centre, noted for its role in law and order in the local A conservation plan is highly recommended prior to any area, as well as being an important local employer since the early 19th century. work is planned or undertaken. All works should minimise disturbance to original building fabric.

SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:22/06/2017 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 14

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SHI Item Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre Number 3360101 Other Names/s Broken Hill Gaol Group Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre Location 109 Gossan Street, corner Talc and Smith Streets and Cobalt Lan Broken Hill Assessed State Significance

Item Type Complex / Group Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement All remaining parts of Broken Hill Correctional Centre contemporary with the original gaol opened in 1892 and all traces of associated structures and landscaping, which were in place by 1904 are Category Prison of State significance for historic, aesthetic, social and research values. Themes National State Local Broken Hill Correctional Centre is a rare survivor of the NSW country gaols built in the later half of 2. Peopling Convict (none) the 19th century, one of four remaining in use from over 50 country gaols listed as operating in NSW in 1896. The design is unique, it represents an interesting one-off variation on the type of 7. Governing Law and order (none) country gaol built in that period. It is in a remarkably unaltered state compared with other country gaols, a reflection of its remoteness and the low level of occupancy there through most of the later Owner Corrective Services part of its history. The vegetable gardens survive as important evidence and reminders of the continued cultivation stemming from the reforms and initiatives implemented by F.W.Neitenstein.

Current Use Correctional centre The Correctional Centre is a representative and intact example of the substantial civic buildings which marked the prosperous and formative years between the end of the 1880s and the Former Use Gaol beginning of the 1890s in Broken Hill.

Years 1890 1893 Circa No Physical Description The Broken Hill Correctional Centre complex comprises predominantly single storey buildings Designer James Barnet, Colonial Architect except for the central section of the main cell block which is two storeys. The majority of the buildings including the perimeter wall were built in 1893. Builder John Dobbie & David Dobbie The original gaol buildings are contained within a rectangular compound, positioned in the centre of the site. This complex of red brick buildings is approximately 40 metres wide by 64 metres Physical The Broken Hill Correctional Centre long, surrounded by 4.8 metre high brick walls. It remains substantially intact as the dominant Condition is in good condition element on the site but it is now surrounded by a number of smaller subsidiary buildings such as garages, stores, and the cottage. All the buildings are single storey but the roof of the central Modification No major alterations have been corridor space in the main cell wing stands above the rest. Dates carried out over the 103 years of the gaol’s existence. Five years All the original buildings have brick walls on a rendered plinth with a coursed rubble base of local after the gaol opened a segregation stone around lower portions of the external perimeter walls. The portico, chimneys, coping of yard for prisoners on remand was perimeter walls, window sills and some window surrounds are rendered and are now mostly erected in the exercise yard and painted a cream colour. Stone dressings have been used for those elements that need to be since then a series of small more robust such as the cell window surrounds plus all points of attachment for hinges and bolts changes has occurred to the original buildings as is documented Historical Notes Broken Hill emerged as a boom mining town far from other settlement so that a new gaol was Further Architectural style: needed soon after the town was established to cater for the inmates from the lawless population. Comments The brick buildings are simple, Erection of Broken Hill gaol to replace a small police lock-up, commenced in 1890 at an estimated plain and well proportioned. Their cost of £15,000. detailing is typical of the high standard of contemporary prison The new gaol opened, in November 1892 with the transfer of prisoners from Silverton gaol. The construction achieved by the final cost was £15,648/1/1. A Yard for Committal Prisoners was commenced in 1895. It was Colonial Architect’s office under completed at a cost £943/17/8 in 1897. James Barnet. The same palette of materials was employed (brick, An electric light plant was turned on in the gaol on 22 February 1900. Due to the isolation of the stone and iron) as at Bathurst and Lot and DP town, it survived the wholesale closure of gaols in 1909. The gaol was under the jurisdiction of the then Department of Prisons until February 1942 when it was taken over by the Commonwealth Government.

The gold reserves of Australian banks and of the Dutch East Indies were stored in a massive vault constructed within the accommodation wing at the Gaol from April 1942 to April 1945. In 1946, the

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:07/07/2009 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 1

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Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register Register of the National Estate

References Author Title Year Caption Proposed Gaol Broken Hill, c.1890 Briggs, Brindle & Chambers Statement of Env. Effects - DA for new PDC 1996 Heritage group, Dept of Public Works & Proposed Broken Hill Periodic Detention Centre: 1994 Services Heritage Assessment Report Heritage group, State Projects, Department of Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan 1996 Copyright: Department of Commerce Public Works & Services Image by: Colonial Architect's Department Studies Date: Number:

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) Broken Hill Correctional Centre is a rare survivor of the NSW country gaols Broken Hill Correctional Centre is a rare built in the later half of the 19th century. There were over 50 country gaols extant and intact example of a regional NSW listed as operating in NSW in 1896. Now there remain only four in use: gaols built in the later half of the 19th Broken Hill, Cooma, Tamworth and Grafton. The design is unique, it century. It also has a unique design, represents an interesting one-off variation on the type of country gaol built in representing an interesting one-off variation that period. SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) Broken Hill Correctional Centre is an accomplished piece of architectural Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a high design by the Government Architect’s Branch under James Barnet. Its degree of integrity. pleasant scale and materials, the distinctive classical portico and the attractive setting make it an important landmark in the local townscape.

It is well built in a consistent and pleasant palette of materials: red brick, stone Recommended management SHR Criteria d) Apart from the few years during the Second World War when it was used as a repository for the country’s gold reserves, Broken Hill Correctional Centre has Comply with the Policies in Section 5.0 of Heritage functioned as a local prison continuously for over 100 years and now makes a Group, State Projects, DPWS, Broken Hill Correctional valuable contribution to the local economy. Centre Conservation Plan, 1996 The place clearly has a high status and perceived value in the local SHR Criteria e) The site provides evidence of the early attempts to plan for the difficult local conditions, e.g. the use of underground tanks, pump and water tower made it self-sufficient during droughts.

(Heritage Group, State Projects, DPWS, Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan, 1996)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:07/07/2009 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 2

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SHI Item Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre - Water Tower Number 3360102 Other Names/s Store, Paint Store Group Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre Location 109 Gossan Street Broken Hill 2880 Broken Hill Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Water Tower is significant: as an integral part of a good example of a nineteenth century gaol; part of the day-to-day running of the gaol; an example of the application of neoclasical motif to Category Prison utilitarian structures. Themes National State Local 7. Governing Law and order (none)

Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Water Tower

Former Use Store

Years 1890 1893 Circa No Physical Description The Water Tower consists of a circular brick tower approximately 4.3 metres high with a riveted Designer Govt. Architects Branch steel tank on top. On the original contract plans it was noted as ‘watch and water tower’ but it is not known how it would have functioned as a watch tower since there was no obvious way to Builder John Dobbie & David Dobbie reach the top. Perhaps the series of slit windows around the base of the tower were meant for surveillance of the yard, a curious variant on the principle of Jeremy Bentham’s Panopticon, but it is unlikely to have worked in that way. Physical The Water Tower is in good Condition condition. The circular window surrounds, the heads and sills of the slit windows and the plinth are rendered. Brickwork is laid in English bond as elsewhere and is corbelled out at the top to support Modification The Water Tower is very much the circular tank. Water was raised from the large underground storage tank under the yard using Dates intact. It has not been needed for the hand pump inside the tower. The tank had a feed pipe on the western side and a depth water supply for some years, indicator. Windows are simply openings with no frames or glass, and there is a steel door of the presumably since the gaol was same type as used on the cells. Internal wall surfaces are plastered and painted. connected to the town’s water supply in 1946, and the tower is (Heritage Group, State Projects, DPWS, Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan, 1996) currently used as a paint store. The hand pump, tank and water gauge are still in place and could be Historical Notes Broken Hill Gaol was constructed between 1890 and 1893. The detail of water tower indicates that Further it dates from this initial period of construction. Comments

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:20/03/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 3

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register Register of the National Estate

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Water tower Heritage group, State Projects, Department of Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan 1996 Public Works & Services NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Directory of Corrective Services 1977

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Water Tower at Broken Hill Correctional Centre has high historic The Water Tower at Broken Hill Correctional significance as it is an integral part of the original gaol buildings. It provides Centre is rare an extant example of a water physical evidence of the water conservation measures built into the original tower within a correctional centre. gaol which remained a crucial asset for the place until the connection to town water in 1946.

SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Water Tower at Broken Hill Correctional Centre has high aesthetic The Water Tower at Broken Hill Correctional significance as it is an interesting and attractive element of the original gaol Centre has a high degree of intactness. complex and much of the original fabric is extant.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) A conservation plan is highly recommended. Any works undertaken should minimise disturbance to original building fabric.

SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:20/03/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 4

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SHI Item Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre - Showers Number 3360103 Other Names/s Separate Shower Block; Kitchen; Store; Bathroom; Women's Work Group Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre Location 109 Gossan Street Broken Hill 2880 Broken Hill Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Showers (including Kitchen Store & Bathroom) (former Women’s Workroom & Bathroom) of Broken Hill Correctional Centre has moderate heritage significance as an integral part of the Category Prison original gaol buildings and because it provides evidence of the original facilities for women at the Themes gaol. National State Local 7. Governing Law and order (none)

Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Ablutions

Former Use Women's Workroom & Bathroom

Years 1890 1893 Circa No Physical Description This building backs onto the Kitchen and forms part of the perimeter wall. It can only be accessed Designer James Barnet, Colonial Architect from the former Women’s Yard. The part currently housing the showers was originally the women’s work room where they would have spent much of their day at their allotted work of Builder John Dobbie & David Dobbie repairing or making prison clothing. It was roughly half the size of the men’s work room and had a fireplace and copper at one end. Attached to the workroom was a verandah providing a shaded outdoor space for the women’s use. At the rear of the workroom was the toplit women’s bathroom Physical The exterior form of the Showers (still in use as a bathroom) and to the side of this was the passage leading back to the rear of the Condition building (including Kitchen, Store & cell block. The buildings are of similar construction to the other parts of the original gaol. Bathroom) are in good condition. Modification An opening has been formed (Heritage Group, State Projects, DPWS, Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan, 1996) Dates between the former workroom and bathroom, the fireplace has been bricked up and the whole area has been tiled up to 1.8m. Externally, the verandah has been extended across to the cell wing and is covered with razor wire. The brickwork of the end wall has been Historical Notes Broken Hill Gaol was constructed between 1890 and 1893. The ablutions block projects through Further the rear wall of the compound. The part currently housing the showers was originally the women’s Comments work room where they would have spent much of their day at their allotted work of repairing or making prison clothing.

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:22/06/2017 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 5

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register Register of the National Estate

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Separate Shower Heritage group, State Projects, Department of Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan 1996 Public Works & Services NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Directory of Corrective Services 1977

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Showers (including Kitchen Store & Bathroom) (former Women’s Workroom & Bathroom) of Broken Hill Correctional Centre has moderate historic significance as it is an integral part of the original gaol buildings. It provides evidence of the original facilities for women at the gaol. The exterior form and layout of the showers block demonstrates a key element which directly contributes to the overall state significance of the complex. SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The building retains some original fabric; however, the interior has been substantially altered to accommodate showers. There is evidence of infilled openings and intrusive fixtures throughout. The exterior form and Recommended management SHR Criteria d) POLICIES 1.Continue to use the Showers, (including Kitchen Store & Bathroom) as a part of the Correctional Centre in accordance with an agreed long-term coordinated plan. SHR Criteria e) 2.Investigate the cause and rectify the dampness

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:22/06/2017 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 6

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SHI Item Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre - Dormitory & Female Cells Number 3360104 Other Names/s Hospital; Protection; Laundry; Segro Group Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre Location 109 Gossan Street Broken Hill 2880 Broken Hill Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Dormitory and Female Cells (former Hospital) at Broken Hill Correctional Centre have a high degree of historic significance as it is an integral part of the original gaol buildings, and provides Category Prison evidence of the concern for the control of infectious diseases in the original gaol. The Dormitory Themes and Female Cells have a moderate degree of aesthetic significance as it contributes to the National State Local architectural form of the complex and much of the original fabric remains intact. 7. Governing Law and order (none)

Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Inmate accommodation

Former Use Female cell range; Hospital

Years 1890 1893 Circa No Physical Description The former hospital is positioned alongside the south eastern boundary of the gaol leaving no Designer James Barnet, Colonial Architect sterile zone between it and the perimeter. It is connected to the cell block via a passage and originally contained of a hospital room with space for three beds, three cells (one of them padded) Builder John Dobbie & David Dobbie entered from a corridor, and a day room at the end giving onto the hospital yard. The construction is the same as the other original gaol buildings, English bond brick walls, rendered plinth, sills, and chimneys, corrugated iron roof with closed eaves and recessed downpipes. A lower level of Physical The Dormitory & Female Cells are security is evident in the construction of the former hospital than in the cell block. Grilles are not Condition in good condition. set in stone, timber floors and ripple iron ceilings are used instead of concrete, a more domestic atmosphere prevails due in part to the timber sash windows and plain joinery architraves, skirtings Modification This building is now used as extra and cornices. Dates cell accommodation, called dormitory cells, the former hospital (Heritage Group, State Projects, DPWS, Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan, 1996) is used as a recreation room and the former dayroom has become a self-contained female cell. Some external openings have been changed. A doorway, not shown on the original plans, was formed in Historical Notes Broken Hill Gaol was constructed between 1890 and 1893. The hospital (now female cells) was Further located in a range built adjacent to the perimeter wall. A passage way connected the hospital, the Comments facilities ( kitchen and ablutions ) and the male cell range.

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:17/03/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 7

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register Register of the National Estate

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Dormitory & Female Heritage group, State Projects, Department of Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan 1996 Cells Public Works & Services NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Directory of Corrective Services 1977

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Dormitory and Female Cells (former Hospital) at Broken Hill Correctional Centre have a high degree of historic significance as it is an integral part of the original gaol buildings, and provides evidence of the concern for the control of infectious diseases in the original gaol.

SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Dormitory and Female Cells (former Hospital) at Broken Hill Correctional The Dormitory and Female Cells (former Centre have a moderate degree of aesthetic significance as it is an integral Hospital) at Broken Hill Correctional Centre part of the original gaol buildings, and contributes to the architectural form of have a high degree of intactness. the complex and much of the original fabric remains intact.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) POLICIES 1.Continue to use the Dormitory and Female Cells as a part of the Correctional Centre in accordance with an agreed long-term coordinated plan. SHR Criteria e) 2.Where possible remove the intrusive elements

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:17/03/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 8

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SHI Item Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre - Main Cell Block Number 3360105 Other Names/s Group Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre Location 109 Gossan Street Broken Hill 2880 Broken Hill Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Main Cell Block at Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a high degree of heritage significance at a state level. It has a high degree of historic significance as it is the central, most prominent and Category Prison an integral part of the original gaol buildings, as well as the fact that it contains physical evidence Themes of the wartime storage of gold reserves. National State Local 7. Governing Law and order (none) The Main Cell Block at Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a high degree of aesthetic significance as it contributes to the architectural form of the complex and much of the original fabric remains intact. It has a moderate degree of social significance as a major element of the complex, a major employer and feature in Broken Hill. Owner Corrective Services The Main Cell Block of Broken Hill Correctional Centre is a representative example of a 19th century cell block in regional Australia with a similar form, character and layout, though rare as it Current Use Inmate accommodation contains by far the widest central corridor in any comparable country gaol. The building is also a good example of the standard of accommodation provided in the late nineteenth century for Former Use Cell range inmates.

Years 1890 1893 Circa No Physical Description The main Cell Block is the central and most prominent of the original gaol buildings. In conformity Designer James Barnet, Colonial Architect with the accepted design of the time, it consists of a central corridor flanked by a range of cells on each side. The height of the central space is expressed by gabled parapets which corbel out over Builder John Dobbie & David Dobbie hipped sections of the roof.

The Cell Block was originally planned to contain 16 male single cells sized according to the Physical The main Cell Block is in good Pentonville model of 13’ x 7’ (3.96 x 2.13m) and two large women’s cells with a passage between Condition condition them leading to the women’s yard. This is the arrangement shown on the contract plans signed by Barnet in 1890. A last minute change must have occurred because two of the male cells are Modification The most important alterations combined into one larger cell with internal grilles, probably the condemned cell. At the far end of Dates occurred during the Second World the wing is the door to the main exercise yard with a timber balcony above containing the gallows War when Broken Hill Gaol was trap. The slot for the release lever can be seen although the mechanism has been removed, the selected by the Commonwealth timber gate and balustrade are intact. To the left and right, underneath the gallows, corridors lead Government as the repository for off to the other parts of the gaol. Cells have vaulted ceilings spanning from dividing walls, the the nation’s gold reserves. At first ceiling structure is presumably concrete as is the floor slab. The three larger cells have double the bullion was stored in cells, then vaults and there must be a steel beam or similar supporting the central valley. All wall and ceiling a reinforced concrete vault was built in the central space. The vault is Historical Notes Broken Hill Gaol was constructed between 1890 and 1893. The perimeter wall constructed first Further and then the cell range. The cell range is similar to other gaols designed by the Colonial Comments Architects Branch in the 1880.

The Cell Block was originally planned to contain 16 male single cells sized according to the Pentonville model of 13’ x 7’ (3.96 x 2.13m) and two large women’s cells with a passage between them leading to the women’s yard. This is the arrangement shown on the contract plans signed by Barnet in 1890. A last minute change must have occurred because two of the male cells are combined into one larger cell with internal grilles, probably the condemned cell.

Lot and DP (Heritage Group, State Projects, DPWS, Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan, 1996)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:19/03/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 9

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Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register Register of the National Estate

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Main Cell Block Heritage group, State Projects, Department of Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan 1996 Public Works & Services NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Directory of Corrective Services 1977

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Main Cell Block at Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a high degree of The Main Cell Block of Broken Hill historic significance as it is the central, most prominent and an integral part of Correctional Centre is rare in that while it has the original gaol buildings. It is a good example of the standard of a similar form, character and layout to cell accommodation provided in the late nineteenth century for inmates. It is also blocks in comparable country gaols, it distinctive as it contains by far the widest central corridor of any comparable contains by far the widest central corridor. country gaol. This building also has high historic significance as it contains SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b) The Main Cell Block of Broken Hill Correctional Centre is a representative example of a 19th century cell block in regional Australia with a similar form, character and layout. It is a good example of Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Main Cell Block at Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a high degree of The Main Cell Block of Broken Hill aesthetic significance as it is an integral part of the original gaol buildings, Correctional Centre has a moderate degree contributes to the architectural form of the complex and much of the original of intactness, with some minor alterations to fabric remains intact. meet contemporary accommodation standards for inmates. Recommended management SHR Criteria d) The Main Cell Block of Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a moderate degree of social significance as a major element of the complex, a major employer POLICIES and feature in Broken Hill. 1.Continue to use the Main Cell Block as a part of the Correctional Centre in accordance with an agreed long- term coordinated plan. SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:19/03/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 10

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SHI Item Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre - Demolished Watchtower Number 3360106 Other Names/s Tower Group Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre Location 109 Gossan Street Broken Hill 2880 Broken Hill Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The base of the demolished Watchtower at Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a high degree of heritage significance as it is an integral part of the original gaol buildings and provides physical Category Prison evidence of security measures at the original gaol. The base of the demolished Watchtower (from Themes ground level to the top of the perimeter wall) also contributes to the architectural form of the National State Local perimeter and informs the original layout of the gaol. 7. Governing Law and order (none)

Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Tower

Former Use Watch tower

Years 1890 1893 Circa No Physical Description The original gaol had only one watch tower, a further indication of the perceived low security risk Designer James Barnet, Colonial Architect at Broken Hill. The tower was positioned at the western corner of the perimeter wall and had an attached iron walkway stretching halfway along the south western perimeter wall for observation Builder John Dobbie & David Dobbie of the main exercise yard. The walkway was supported on cast iron brackets. The watch tower was a distinctive element in the original design with its elegantly curved, overhanging, pyramidal roof of corrugated iron surmounted by a spherical boss. The fabric of the upper storey of the Physical The extant fabric of the former tower, above the perimeter wall, is not clear from early photographs. Condition Watchtower is in good condition. (Heritage Group, State Projects, DPWS, Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan, 1996) Modification Only the base of the tower, from the Dates top of the perimeter wall down, remains intact. The internal staircase has been removed and steel formwork spans across the tower presumably supporting a concrete slab topping. Modifications to the top of the perimeter wall can be seen where Historical Notes Broken Hill Gaol was constructed between 1890 and 1893. Unlike most gaol compounds it Further The original gallery has been appears as if only one watch tower was built. The guards platform has been removed ( or heavily Comments replaced with a fibrous cement modified ). observation deck. The new deck is a modern and intrusive element which detracts from the heritage values of the watchtower.

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:15/06/2017 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 11

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register Register of the National Estate

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, base of demolished Heritage group, State Projects, Department of Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan 1996 tower Public Works & Services NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Directory of Corrective Services 1977

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The base of the demolished Watchtower at Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a high degree of historic significance as it is an integral part of the original gaol buildings, and is physical evidence of security measures at the original gaol.

SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The base of the demolished Watchtower at Broken Hill Correctional Centre The extant fabric of the Watchtower at has a moderate degree of aesthetic significance as it is an integral part of the Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a original gaol buildings, and contributes to the architectural form of the moderate degree of integrity. perimeter.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) POLICIES

1.Find a use for the room at the base of the Watch Tower as a part of the Correctional Centre in accordance with an agreed long-term coordinated plan. SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:15/06/2017 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 12

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SHI Item Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre - Officers Crib Room Number 3360107 Other Names/s Group Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre Location 109 Gossan Street Broken Hill 2880 Broken Hill Assessed Local Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement Category Prison Themes

Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Staff room

Former Use

Years 1890 1893 Circa No Physical Description Designer James Barnet, Colonial Architect

Builder John Dobbie & David Dobbie

Physical Condition

Modification Dates

Historical Notes

Further Comments

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:19/03/2007 Data Entry Status: 0 Page: 13

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register Register of the National Estate

References Author Title Year Caption Heritage group, State Projects, Department of Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan 1996 Public Works & Services NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Directory of Corrective Services 1977

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a)

SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c)

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) A conservation plan is highly recommended. Any works undertaken should minimise disturbance to original building fabric.

SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:19/03/2007 Data Entry Status: 0 Page: 14

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SHI Item Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre - Main Administration Buildin Number 3360108 Other Names/s Governor's Residence; Administration Group Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre Location 109 Gossan Street Broken Hill 2880 Broken Hill Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Administration building of Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a high degree of historic significance as it is an integral part of the original gaol buildings. It also has a high degree of Category Prison aesthetic significance as it the frontispiece of the original gaol and contributes to the townscape Themes importance of the place. Architecturally, the Administration building is the most elaborate part of National State Local the complex and most of the original fabric remains intact, providing physical evidence of a typical 7. Governing Law and order (none) gaoler’s residence of the period. It is typical of the work of James Barnet, Colonial Architect, in the placement of the Governors Residence at the entrance to the gaol complex and is designed in the Italianate style. The Administration building of Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a moderate degree of social significance as the most dominant element of the complex, a major employer and Owner Corrective Services feature in Broken Hill.

Current Use Administration building

Former Use Governors Residence

Years 1892 1893 Circa No Physical Description The former Gaoler’s Residence is the frontispiece of the scheme and was paid the most attention Designer James Barnet, Colonial Architect by the designer in terms of architectural treatment. The design is based on an ordinary, brick, single storey, three bedroom house. This has been modified to suit the planning of the gaol, Builder John Dobbie & David Dobbie creating a symmetrical facade out of an asymmetrical plan by the addition of a guard room to one side. Unlike other country gaols where the gaoler’s house was attached at one side of the front, this one is placed centrally and has been given considerable formality and prominence from Physical The Main Administration Building is Gossan Street by the heavy rendered portico attached to the front. This consists of paired Condition in good condition rusticated pillars surmounted by a simplified classical entablature and a plain pediment with the VR monogram and the year 1892 over the doorway. The original contract plans signed by Barnet Modification Few physical alterations have only showed paired columns either side of the front door but this was obviously not thought Dates accompanied the change in use imposing enough and it was built with all the columns doubled up and three used at each corner. from residence to administration. The plan remains unaltered apart Walls are of the same brick as the other gaol buildings, laid in English bond as elsewhere. Flat from the addition of a lean-to brick brick arches over the doors and windows were tuck pointed but are now painted cream as are all extension facing the walled garden the rendered elements such as chimneys, portico, window sills and plinth. The hipped corrugated and a new opening between the iron roof breaks forward over the entrance and the chimneys are placed at either end accentuating guard room and governor’s office. The guardroom and kitchen are still Historical Notes Broken Hill Gaol was constructed between 1890 and 1893. The residence was probably Further constructed in 1892, following the trend established by the Colonial Architects Branch c.1880 for Comments using the Italianate style in buildings of this type.

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:17/03/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 15

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register Register of the National Estate

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Main Administration Heritage group, State Projects, Department of Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan 1996 Building Public Works & Services NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Directory of Corrective Services 1977

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Administration building of Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a high degree of historic significance as it is an integral part of the original gaol buildings. It is typical of the work of James Barnet, Colonial Architect, in the placement of the Governors Residence at the entrance to the gaol complex and is designed in the Italianate style.

SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Administration building of Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a high The Administration building has a high degree of aesthetic significance as it the frontispiece of the original gaol and degree of intactness. contributes to the townscape importance of the place. Architecturally, the Administration building is the most elaborate part of the complex and most of the original fabric remains intact, providing physical evidence of a typical gaoler’s residence of the period. It is typical of the work of James Barnet, Recommended management SHR Criteria d) The Administration building of Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a moderate degree of social significance as the most dominant element of the complex, a POLICIES major employer and feature in Broken Hill. 1.Continue to use the Administration building as a part of the Correctional Centre in accordance with an agreed long-term coordinated plan. SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:17/03/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 16

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SHI Item Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre - Main Brick Security Wall Number 3360109 Other Names/s Perimeter & Security Wall Group Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre Location 109 Gossan Street Broken Hill 2880 Broken Hill Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Main Brick Security Wall of Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a high degree of historic significance as it is an integral part of the original gaol complex. The low height of the wall and the Category Prison lack of a sterile zone within it are physical evidence of the low security threat expected at the gaol. Themes It also has a moderate degree of aesthetic significance as an integral part of the original gaol National State Local complex, contributing to the landmark status of the centre and retains a high degree of original 7. Governing Law and order (none) fabric. The Main Brick Security Wall has a moderate degree of social significance as a major element of the complex, a major employer and feature in Broken Hill.

The Main Brick Security Wall of Broken Hill Correctional Centre is a rare example of a late 19th Owner Corrective Services century perimeter wall of a prison complex, as unusually for any type of gaol, the design did not include a continuous sterile zone inside the perimeter wall. Furthermore, the height of the wall is considerably lower than gaols of similar period and design in NSW. The Main Brick Security Wall Current Use Gaol compound of Broken Hill Correctional Centre is a representative example of a late 19th century perimeter wall of a prison complex, enclosing the secure compound comprising the prison. Former Use Gaol compound

Years 1890 1893 Circa No Physical Description The red brick perimeter walls enclose the original gaol buildings. Unusually for any type of gaol, Designer James Barnet, Colonial Architect the design did not include a continuous sterile zone inside the perimeter wall. The brick walls rest on a rendered plinth with a coursed rubble base of local stone around lower-lying portions of the Builder John Dobbie & David Dobbie site. The walling is divided into regular recessed panels and is capped by a semi-circular rendered topping, except where the perimeter wall is interrupted by one of the buildings. Lower extensions covered with segmental rendered roofs occur where the male and female latrines Physical The Perimeter Walls at Broken Hill project from the rectangular perimeter of the gaol. There are 41 courses of brick between the Condition Correctional Centre are in fair plinth and the capping giving an overall height of the security wall (from bottom of plinth to top of condition. capping) of approximately 3.85m or 12'6", considerably lower than other gaols. The height of the Modification The only major alteration in the stone base varies according to the lay of the land in the outer grounds. Dates masonry was the bricking-up of the gateway to the main exercise yard (Heritage Group, State Projects, DPWS, Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan, 1996) which occurred in 1897 when a smaller, more secure, metal door was inserted. A different type of red brick was used to fill the area in. The front main gate was replaced c1995 with a steel double Historical Notes Broken Hill Gaol was constructed between 1890 and 1893. The compound wall was constructed Further first. This form of compound was employed in NSW from the 1820. This is one of the few Comments examples, in NSW, of external penetrations to the perimeter wall , i.e. the WCs are located on the exterior.

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:17/03/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 17

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register Register of the National Estate

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Main Brick Security Heritage group, State Projects, Department of Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan 1996 Wall Public Works & Services NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Directory of Corrective Services 1977

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Main Brick Security Wall of Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a high The Main Brick Security Wall of Broken Hill degree of historic significance as it is an integral part of the original gaol Correctional Centre is a rare example of a complex. The low height of the wall and the lack of a sterile zone within it are late 19th century perimeter wall of a prison physical evidence of the low security threat expected at the gaol. complex, as unusually for any type of gaol, the design did not include a continuous SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b) The Main Brick Security Wall of Broken Hill Correctional Centre is a representative example of a late 19th century perimeter wall of a prison complex.

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Main Brick Security Wall of Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a moderate degree of aesthetic significance as an integral part of the original gaol complex, contributing to the landmark status of the centre and retains a high degree of original fabric.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) The Main Brick Security Wall of Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a moderate degree of social significance as a major element of the complex, a POLICIES major employer and feature in Broken Hill. 1.Continue to use the Main Brick Security Wall as a part of the Correctional Centre in accordance with an agreed long-term coordinated plan. SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:17/03/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 18

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre - Inmates Pergola Number 3360110 Other Names/s Segregation Yard; Weights Yard; Shelter Shed; Yard for Committe Group Name Broken Hill Correctional Centre Location 109 Gossan Street Broken Hill 2880 Broken Hill Assessed State Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Inmates Pergola at Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a moderate degree of heritage significance as it was developed as an obvious afterthought, soon after construction of the gaol Category Prison was ostensibly complete in 1893. It is rare physical evidence of the early provision for committed Themes prisoners. National State Local 7. Governing Law and order (none)

Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Yard

Former Use

Years 1896 1897 Circa No Physical Description The Inmates Pergola / Weights Yard is constructed of a wrought iron palisade fence with spears Designer James Barnet, Colonial Architect and curved support brackets. A curved dwarf wall ( and rendered brickwork ) holds the base of the palisade. The yard contained a shelter shed in the middle which has since removed and stored Builder John Dobbie & David Dobbie elsewhere on the site. The roof of the enclosed yard has been extended to cover the entire yard.

Physical Much of the original fabric of the Condition yard remains. The closet and urinal have been removed but their rear Modification Dates

Historical Notes The original gaol was built without any provision for outdoor segregation of remand prisoners, a Further curious omission by the Comptroller-General of Prisons, George Miller, considering he Comments complained so much about the lack of such facilities in the gaols built by his predecessor Harold Maclean.

By 1896, however, the Government Architect’s office had drawn up plans for an enclosed yard to be erected outside the kitchen. The dining shed was moved across to make room for it in the yard. The yard was a square measuring roughly 9 metres across, enclosed by a stone base wall with a 7 foot high wrought iron palisade fence set into it and securely braced. At one end of the new yard was a roofed closet and urinal enclosed by a brick wall at the back but open at the Lot and DP sides. In the middle of the yard was a 3 x 3.6 metre shelter shed with a pyramidal roof supported on timber posts of similar construction to the dining shed (Asset No 022).

The Prisons Dept. Annual Report for 1897 notes that the yard was completed with a table and seats, lockers and other conveniences. The yards were built to enable different classes of prisoners to be exercised at the same time.

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:19/06/2017 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 19

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register Register of the National Estate

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Segregation Yard Heritage group, State Projects, Department of Broken Hill Correctional Centre Conservation Plan 1996 Public Works & Services NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Directory of Corrective Services 1977

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Inmates Pergola at Broken Hill Correctional Centre has a moderate degree of historic significance as it was developed as an obvious afterthought, soon after construction of the gaol was ostensibly complete in 1893. It is rare physical evidence of the early provision for committed prisoners. The inmates pergola is a contributory element within a State significant curtilage and informs of the early operations and management of the prison, as well as the SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The exercise yard and enclosing palisade fence retain a high degree of intactness. The pergola structure which once sat in the middle of the yard has since been relocated with timber posts removed from the structure. Recommended management SHR Criteria d) POLICIES

1.Continue to use the Shelter Shed in accordance with an agreed long-term coordinated plan for the Correctional Centre. SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:19/06/2017 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 20

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Cooma Correctional Centre Number 3360080 Other Names/s Cooma Prison; Cooma Gaol Group Name Cooma Correctional Centre Location 1 Vale Street Cooma 2630 Cooma-Monaro Assessed Local Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement Cooma Correctional Centre is historically significant at a local level as a regional prison complex dating from the 1870s, designed by the Colonial Architect, James Barnet and illustrating the Category Prison continual development of penal architecture in NSW in the second half of the nineteenth century. Themes Cooma Correctional Centre is also historically significant for being part of a major period of public National State Local building activity in the 1870s-1880s in Cooma, reflecting Cooma's development during this period. 3. Economy Health (none) The site is also significant for its variety of uses since construction, reflecting changing local needs. Cooma Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant as an imposing mid-late 19th 7. Governing Law and order (none) century building complex, constructed in local granite. It is an important element of the collection of major civic buildings facing Vale and Massie Streets. Cooma Correctional Centre is socially Owner Corrective Services significant for its role in law and order in the local area, as well as being a major employer since its construction. Cooma Correctional Centre is a representative example of a medium sized regional prison complex, constructed in the latter half of the 19th century. Current Use Correctional centre

Former Use Gaol

Years 1870 1872 Circa No Physical Description Cooma Correctional Centre comprises a stone perimeter wall with an imposing gatehouse, two Designer James Barnet 1867- Cobden adjoining buildings and contain a pair of L-shaped buildings. The gaolers quarters were located Parkes 1954- outside of the perimeter wall. Inside the compound are two L shaped blocks, the larger building Builder Setchell & Roddan being a two storey cell range, the smaller a workshop range. Both blocks were separated from the perimeter by a sterile zone. The prisoner yards were divided into three separate areas, depending on prisoner classification. Two round watch towers were located at the rear corners of Physical Cooma Correctional Centre is in the compound, the gatehouse fulfilling this function for the front of the compound. Condition good condition The listing includes the inner and outer grounds of the original gaol complex and the associated Modification Refer to history residences. Dates

Historical Notes The first formal gaol in Cooma was built in 1862-64 at a cost of £1,950 10s as part of the first Further coutrthouse in response to strong judicial criticism of existing gaol accommodation in the town Comments coupled with the need to hold those convicted of crimes from goldfields nearby. A larger new gaol was designed by James Barnet, Colonial Architect in 1867 and completed by 1872, constructed by Setchell & Roddan. However, the goldfields did not last long and the gaol was already too large for its district when it was complete.

The Gaol was a major part of the burst of public building activity in the 1870s-1880s period in the town (eg, police barracks 1879, post office 1879, courthouse 1887, railway 1889).

Lot and DP The gaol commenced operations on 1 November 1873. It was closed as a gaol and used as a lunatic asylum from May 1877 onwards. It was closed as an asylum in 1884 and all inmates had been transferred out by 31 December 1884. Thereafter, it operated as the Land Board Office for the Cooma Land Board District for some years. When all of the Land Districts handled by the Cooma Land Board Office were transferred to the Goulburn Land Board District Office in 1896 the Cooma Land Board Office was closed down and the gaol was vacated. It operated as a police

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:07/05/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 1

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Local Environmental Plan Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Cooma Correctional Heritage Group, Dept Public Works and Cooma Correctional Centre - Conservation Plan 1997 Centre Services Mayne-Wilson & Assoc Cooma Gaol - Heritage Assessment & Conservation 1997 Report on the landscapes of CG and Prison Farm Copyright: Department of Commerce NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Directory Of Corrective Services 1977 Image by: Department of Public Works & Studies Services Date: 19/07/2000 Number: 014-001.DGN

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) Cooma Correctional Centre is historically significant at a local level as a Cooma Correctional Centre is a rare example regional prison complex dating from the 1870s. It was designed by the of a regional NSW gaol built in the later half Colonial Architect, James Barnet. Cooma Correctional Centre is also of the 19th century, one of four remaining in historically significant for being part of a major period of public building activity use from over 50 country gaols listed as in the 1870s-1880s in Cooma, reflecting Cooma's development and the hectic operating in NSW in 1896. level of Public Works Department activity in New South Wales generally at the SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b) Cooma Correctional Centre is a representative example of a medium sized regional prison complex, constructed in the latter half of the 19th century.

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) Cooma Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant as an imposing mid-late The Cooma Correctional Centre has a 19th century building complex, constructed in local granite. It is an important moderate degree of intactness element of the collection of major civic buildings facing Valwe and Massie Streets.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) Cooma Correctional Centre is socially significant for its role in law and order in the local area, as well as being a major employer since its construction. Public Further research recommended. A Conservation Plan is concerns about the impact of loss of jobs in the local area facilitated its most recommended before planning or undertaking any work recent reopening. to the pre World War Two buildings. Generally, all work should minimise disturbance to original building fabric. SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:07/05/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 2

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Cooma Correctional Centre - Gatehouse Number 3360081 Other Names/s Group Name Cooma Correctional Centre Location 1 Vale Street Cooma 2630 Cooma-Monaro Assessed Local Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Gatehouse at Cooma Correctional Centre is significant as an integral element of the Cooma Correctional Centre. It is historically significant at a local level as an original element of a regional Category Prison prison complex dating from the 1870s, designed by the Colonial Architect, James Barnet. Cooma Themes Correctional Centre is also historically significant for being part of a major period of public building National State Local activity in the 1870s-1880s in Cooma, reflecting Cooma's development. The site is also significant 7. Governing Law and order (none) for its variety of uses since construction, reflecting changing local needs. The Gatehouse at Cooma Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant as an imposing element of a mid-late 19th century building complex, constructed in local granite. It is an important element of the streetscape of civic buildings facing Vale Streets, and being a landmark in Cooma. The Gatehouse at Cooma Owner Corrective Services Correctional Centre is socially significant for the site's role in law and order in the local area, as well as being a major employer since its construction. The gatehouse at Cooma Correctional Centre is a representative example of a prison gatehouse of a medium sized regional prison Current Use Gatehouse complex, constructed in the latter half of the 19th century.

Former Use Gatehouse

Years 1870 1873 Circa No Physical Description The gatehouse is an austere stone building, with a central gateway that is nearly two storeys Designer James Barnet 1867- Colonial high, flanked by pilasters. The gate was composed of a solid panelled fanlight with large panelled Architects Office - doors below. (Modified?). Two round openings (loop holes?) flank the central arch. Double hung Builder Setchell & Roddan windows occur at ground level, with smaller openings to the upper floor. All of the windows are barred. The roof, now clad in corrugated iron, would have originally been slate, the chimneys are sandstone. The gatehouse would have included rooms for the prison officers. Gatehouses were Physical designed to allow the officers to watch the front entrance and the sterile area within the Condition compound. Internally the walls are plastered. The floors are of either concrete or timber.

Modification Dates

Historical Notes The gaol compound, including the gatehouse was designed by the Colonial Architect, James Further Further assessment required. Barnet, in 1867 however construction did not commence until c1870. In contrast with many other Comments of Barnet's designs this gatehouse is very austere and has very little decoration. Cooma, was in the mid nineteenth century a remote settlement and skilled masons would have been scarce. The granite used in the construction of the prison walls was quarried locally.

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:07/05/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 3

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Cooma Correctional Centre - Gatehouse Number 3360081 Other Names/s Group Name Cooma Correctional Centre Location 1 Vale Street Cooma 2630 Cooma-Monaro Assessed Local Significance

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Local Environmental Plan Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Cooma Correctional "Directory Of Corrective Services 1977", NSW Dept Centre, Gatehouse of Corrective Services. Heritage Group, Dept Public Works and Cooma Correctional Centre - Conservation Plan 1997 Services Copyright: Department of Commerce Terry Kass Cooma Gaol History Report 1997 Image by: Department of Public Works & Studies Services Date: 19/07/2000 Number: 014-001.DGN

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Gatehouse at Cooma Correctional Centre is historically significant at a local level as an original element of a regional prison complex dating from the 1870s, designed by the Colonial Architect, James Barnet. Cooma Correctional Centre is also historically significant for being part of a major period of public building activity in the 1870s-1880s in Cooma, reflecting Cooma's development and the hectic level of Public Works Department activity in New SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b) The gatehouse at Cooma Correctional Centre is a representative example of an prison gatehouse of medium sized regional prison complex, constructed in the latter half of the 19th century. Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Gatehouse at Cooma Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant as an The gatehouse of the Cooma Correctional imposing element of a mid-late 19th century building complex, constructed in Centre has a moderate degree of intactness local granite. It is an important element of the streetscape of civic buildings facing Vale Streets.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) The Gatehouse at Cooma Correctional Centre is socially significant for the site's role in law and order in the local area, as well as being a major employer Further research recommended. A Conservation Plan is since its construction. recommended before planning or undertaking any work. Generally, all work should minimise disturbance to original building fabric. SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:07/05/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 4

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Cooma Correctional Centre - Main Walls & Watch Towers Number 3360082 Other Names/s Group Name Cooma Correctional Centre Location 1 Vale Street Cooma 2630 Cooma-Monaro Assessed Local Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Main Walls & Watch towers at Cooma Correctional Centre are significant as a major element of the Correctional facility. They are historically significant as an integral and original element of Category Prison an important regional prison complex dating from the 1870s, designed by the Colonial Architect, Themes James Barnet, and possibly one of the last stone prison compunds built in NSW. Cooma National State Local Correctional Centre is also historically significant for being part of a major period of public building 7. Governing Law and order (none) activity in the 1870s-1880s in Cooma, reflecting Cooma's development. The site is also significant for its variety of uses since construction, reflecting changing local needs. The main walls and watch towers of Cooma Correctional Centre are aesthetically significant as an imposing, integral and original element of a mid-late 19th century prison complex, constructed in local granite. They Owner Corrective Services contribute greatly to the site’s landmark status in Cooma. The main walls & watch tower at Cooma Correctional Centre are socially significant for the site's role in law and order in the local area, as well as being a major employer since its construction. The main walls and watch towers at Cooma Current Use Perimeter Walls & watch towers Correctional Centre are representative examples of perimeter walls with associated towers, typical of medium sized regional prison complexes, constructed in the latter half of the 19th century. Former Use Perimeter Walls and Watchtowers

Years 1870 1873 Circa No Physical Description The perimeter wall of the nineteenth century portion of Cooma Gaol is constructed of (ashlar) Designer James Barnet 1867- Colonial stone blocks. The corner watch towers are circular in plan and have a slate roof. This somewhat Architects Office - romantic form is rare in NSW, watch towers are generally more utilitarian in character, and Builder Setchell & Roddan rectangular or square in plan. Gaol compound wall features a smooth internal face and external piers, this design being aimed at minimising foot holds thus preventing the inmates from climbing out. With the exception of the gatehouse there were no structures built against the perimter wall, Physical thus giving the guards a clear view. Condition

Modification Dates

Historical Notes The Cooma Gaol compound was designed c1867 by the Colonial Architect, James Barnet and Further Further assessment required constructed between 1870 and 1873. This form of gaol compound was first employed in the Comments 1820s when the Woolloomooloo stockade (Darlinghurst Gaol) wall was built. This form was used, largely unmodified throughout the nineteenth century. Early examples are of stone, the later versions are of brick. Cooma Gaol compound is probably one of the last of the stone walled compounds to be built. The granite used was quarried locally.

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:07/05/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 5

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Local Environmental Plan Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Outer Walls & Watch "Directory Of Corrective Services 1977", NSW Dept Tower of Corrective Services. Heritage Group, Dept Public Works and Cooma Correctional Centre - Conservation Plan 1997 Services Copyright: Department of Commerce Terry Kass Cooma Gaol History Report 1997 Image by: Department of Public Works & Studies Services Date: 19/07/2000 Number: 014-001.DNG

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Main Walls & Watch towers at Cooma Correctional Centre are historically significant as an integral and original element of an important regional prison complex dating from the 1870s, designed by the Colonial Architect, James Barnet. Cooma Correctional Centre is also historically significant for being part of a major period of public building activity in the 1870s-1880s in Cooma, reflecting Cooma's development and the hectic level of Public Works SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b) The main walls and watch towers at Cooma Correctional Centre are representative examples of perimeter walls with associated towers, typical of medium sized regional prison complexes, constructed in the latter Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The main walls and watch towers of Cooma Correctional Centre are The Main Walls & Watch Towers have a high aesthetically significant as an imposing, integral and original element of a mid- degree of intactness late 19th century prison complex, constructed in local granite.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) The main walls & watech tower at Cooma Correctional Centre are socially significant for the site's role in law and order in the local area, as well as being Further research recommended. A Conservation Plan is a major employer since its construction. recommended before planning or undertaking any work. Generally, all work should minimise disturbance to original building fabric. SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:07/05/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 6

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Cooma Correctional Centre - Administration Building & Court Number 3360083 Other Names/s Group Name Cooma Correctional Centre Location 1 Vale Street Cooma 2630 Cooma-Monaro Assessed Local Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Administration Building & Courtyard at Cooma Correctional Centre are significant as an integral and original part of Cooma Correctional Centre. The Administration Building and Category Prison Courtyard are historically significant as part of a regional prison complex dating from the 1870s, Themes designed by the Colonial Architect, James Barnet. Cooma Correctional Centre is also historically National State Local significant for being part of a major period of public building activity in the 1870s-1880s in Cooma, 7. Governing Law and order (none) reflecting Cooma's development. The site is also significant for its variety of uses since construction, reflecting changing local needs. The Administration Building at Cooma Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant as part of a mid-late 19th century prison building complex, constructed in local granite, forming an important element of the streetscape of civic buildings Owner Corrective Services facing Vale Streets. The Administration Building at Cooma Correctional Centre is socially significant for the site's role in law and order in the local area, as well as being a major employer since its construction. Current Use Administration office

Former Use Residence

Years 1870 1873 Circa No Physical Description The Administration Building is a single storey stone building with galvanised iron roof, located Designer Colonial Architects Office - James adjacent to the gatehouse on Vale Street. The floors are of either timber or concrete. Internally, Barnet 1867- the walls are rendered and the ceiling has a plaster finished. Builder Setchell & Roddan

Physical The Administration Building is in Condition good condition.

Modification Dates

Historical Notes The Administration Building is part of the original prison complex building designed by the Further Colonial Architect, James Barnet, and was constructed sometime between 1870-3. Comments

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:07/05/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 7

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Local Environmental Plan Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Cooma Correctional "Directory Of Corrective Services 1977", NSW Dept Centre, Administration Building of Corrective Services. Heritage Group, Dept Public Works and Cooma Correctional Centre - Conservation Plan 1997 Services Copyright: Department of Commerce Terry Kass Cooma Gaol History Report 1997 Image by: Department of Public Works & Studies Services Date: 19/07/2000 Number: 014-001.DGN

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Administration Building and Courtyard at Cooma Correctional Centre is historically significant as part of a regional prison complex dating from the 1870s, designed by the Colonial Architect, James Barnet. Cooma Correctional Centre is also historically significant for being part of a major period of public building activity in the 1870s-1880s in Cooma, reflecting Cooma's development and the hectic level of Public Works Department activity in New SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Administration Building at Cooma Correctional Centre is aesthetically The Administration Building has a moderate significant as part of a mid-late 19th century prison building complex, degree of intactness constructed in local granite. It is an important element of the streetscape of civic buildings facing Vale Streets.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) The Administration Building at Cooma Correctional Centre is socially significant for the site's role in law and order in the local area, as well as being Further research recommended. A Conservation Plan is a major employer since its construction. recommended before planning or undertaking any work. Generally, all work should minimise disturbance to original building fabric. SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:07/05/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 8

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Cooma Correctional Centre - Staff Amenities Building Number 3360084 Other Names/s Akister House; Quarters For Officer-In-Charge Group Name Cooma Correctional Centre Location 1 Vale Street Cooma 2630 Cooma-Monaro Assessed Local Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Staff Amenities Building at Cooma Correctional Centre is historically significant as part of a regional prison complex dating from the 1870s. The site is also significant for its variety of uses Category Prison since construction, reflecting changing local needs. The Staff Amenities Building at Cooma Themes Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant as part of an mid-late 19th century prison building National State Local complex, constructed in local granite. It is an important element of the streetscape of civic 7. Governing Law and order (none) buildings facing Vale Streets. The Staff Amenities Building at Cooma Correctional Centre is socially significant for the site's role in law and order in the local area, as well as being a major employer since its construction.

Owner Corrective Services

Current Use Staff amenities

Former Use

Years 1870 1873 Circa No Physical Description The building is situated south of the main arched entrance into the correctional centre. The single Designer Colonial Architects Office - James storey building is constructed of ashlar granite with corrugated iron roofing and guttering in Barnet 1867- reddish-brown paint finish. The windows are of timber frames and sashes with granite sills. Builder Setchell & Roddan

Physical Fair Condition

Modification Dates

Historical Notes The building was built as part of the Cooma Gaol c1870. This building and the building on the Further other side of the entrance (now used as office), were designed to flank the gaol entrance and Comments formed a formal entrance courtyard to the gaol which was typical design features of gaol of that time. Later the building was used as "Quarters For Officer-In-Charge". In 1984, the building underwent some renovation works including the relocation of entry steps, a new verandah with brick paving, concrete aprons and a pathway. After the building was renovated in 1985, it was named "Akister House" after the Local member, John Akister.

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:07/05/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 9

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Local Environmental Plan Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Cooma Correctional "Directory of Corrective Services 1977", NSW Dept Centre, Staff Amenities Building of Corrective Services. Heritage Group, NSW Public Works Cooma Correctional Centre - Akister House 1994 Heritage Status Report Copyright: Department of Commerce Terry Kass Cooma Gaol History Report 1997 Image by: Department of Public Works & Studies Services Date: 19/07/2000 Number: 014-001.DGN

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Staff Amenities Building at Cooma Correctional Centre is historically significant as part of a regional prison complex dating from the 1870s. The site is also significant for its variety of uses since construction, reflecting changing local needs.

SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Staff Amenities Building at Cooma Correctional Centre is aesthetically The Staff Amenities Building has a moderate significant as part of an mid-late 19th century prison building complex, degree of intactness constructed in local granite. It is an important element of the streetscape of civic buildings facing Vale Streets.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) The Staff Amenities Building at Cooma Correctional Centre is socially significant for the site's role in law and order in the local area, as well as being Further research recommended. A Conservation Plan is a major employer since its construction. recommended before planning or undertaking any work. Generally, all work should minimise disturbance to original building fabric. SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:07/05/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 10

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Cooma Correctional Centre - Services Building Number 3360085 Other Names/s Group Name Cooma Correctional Centre Location 1 Vale Street Cooma 2630 Cooma-Monaro Assessed Local Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Services Building at Cooma Correctional Centre is significant as integral and original part of the Cooma Correctional Centre. The Services Building is historically significant as part of a Category Prison regional prison complex dating from the 1870s, designed by the Colonial Architect, James Barnet. Themes Cooma Correctional Centre is also historically significant for being part of a major period of public National State Local building activity in the 1870s-1880s in Cooma, reflecting Cooma's development and the hectic 7. Governing Law and order (none) level of Public Works Department activity in New South Wales generally at the time. The site is also significant for its variety of uses since construction, reflecting changing local needs. The Services Building at Cooma Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant as part of a mid-late 19th century building complex, constructed in local granite. The Services Building at Cooma Owner Corrective Services Correctional Centre is socially significant for the site's role in law and order in the local area, as well as being a major employer since its construction. Current Use Workshops

Former Use

Years 1870 1873 Circa No Physical Description The Services Building is a two-storey building of granite and brick, with galvanised iron roof and Designer Colonial Architects Office - James concrete floors. The building is good condition. Barnet 1867- Builder Setchell & Roddan

Physical Condition

Modification Dates

Historical Notes The building was part of the gaol complex designed by the Colonial Architect, James Barnet, and Further was constructed sometime between 1870-3. Comments

Lot and DP

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:07/05/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 11

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register Local Environmental Plan Public Works Department - Former register National Trust of Australia Register

References Author Title Year Caption Block plan, Services Building "Directory of Corrective Services 1977", NSW Dept of Corrective Services. Heritage Group, Dept Public Works and Cooma Correctional Centre - Conservation Plan 1997 Services Copyright: Department of Commerce Terry Kass Cooma Gaol History Report 1997 Image by: Department of Public Works & Studies Services Date: 19/07/2000 Number: 014-001.DGN

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Services Building at Cooma Correctional Centre is historically significant as part of a regional prison complex dating from the 1870s, designed by the Colonial Architect, James Barnet. Cooma Correctional Centre is also historically significant for being part of a major period of public building activity in the 1870s-1880s in Cooma, reflecting Cooma's development and the hectic level of Public Works Department activity in New South Wales generally at the SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Services Building at Cooma Correctional Centre is aesthetically significant as part of a mid-late 19th century building complex, constructed in local granite.

Recommended management SHR Criteria d) The Services Building at Cooma Correctional Centre is socially significant for the site's role in law and order in the local area, as well as being a major Further research recommended. A Conservation Plan is employer since its construction. recommended before planning or undertaking any work. Generally, all work should minimise disturbance to original building fabric. SHR Criteria e)

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 09/02/1995 Date Updated:07/05/2007 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 12

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

SHI Item Name Emu Plains Correctional Centre - Manager of Industries Office Number 3360093 Other Names/s Overseer's Residence; Administration Block; Office; Clinic Group Name Location Old Bathurst Road Emu Plains 2750 Penrith Assessed Local Significance

Item Type Built Statement of Significance Group Law Enforcement The Manager of Industries Office of the Emu Plain Correctional Centre is of local significance for its association with the early development of Emu Plains Prison Farm, and its association with the Category Prison provision of administrative facillities of the Prison before it was converted into a clinic, and later Themes into the Manager of Industries Office. It is an integral part of the original site layout / configuration, National State Local and it is the only building of the 1920s period (possibly the earliest building) that still survives and 7. Governing Law and order (none) in use on site. It is a good example of a simple Prison administration building built during the period, and its intactness and style enhance the historic character of the Centre. The Manager of 7. Governing Welfare (none) Industries Office at Emu Plains Correctional Complex is historically significant at a local level as part of the Correctional Centre, which represents major prison reform during the late 19th century Owner Corrective Services and early 20th century, driven by Captain Frederick Neitenstein, and influenced by the Gladstone report. The Manager of Industries Office at Emu Plains Correctional Complex is aesthetically significant at a local level as it is an attractive building dating from the early 20th century. Current Use Office

Former Use Administration office; Clinic

Years 1920 Circa Yes Physical Description Emu Plains Correctional Centre comprises a cluster of small domestic and agricultural buildings Designer Not known located either side of bisecting road, leading to the Nepean River. The oldest structures at the Centre are the Manager of Industries Building and the inmate toilet block which are about 60 Builder Not known years old. The scrap metal workshop, the welding and building maintenance shop, the old hatchery and processing room and the old dairy are approximately 50 years old. Physical The building is well maintained and The Manager of Industries Office is a simple single storey Federation style building with wrapped Condition in sound condition. around verandah supported on timber posts with simple detailing. Part of the eastern verandah has been enclosed. Modification The building has been subjected to Dates a number of physical changes both The building is of load-bearing brick construction with timber framed roof and timber floor. The internally and externally. Most walls are rendered. The corrugated iron (replaced early 1980s) roof has hipped gables with notable is the demolition of the ventilation panels at gablets and exposed eaves rafters. original kitchen wing and the reconfiguration of the internal plan. The building comprises a central hallway running east-west, with 2 rooms off either side. The Two fireplaces and their chimneys hallway has a central arch with moulded plaster. The doors at either end have 3-pane fanlights. have been removed, and a toilet blocj has been constructed Historical Notes In 1894, the British Government instigated a committee of inquiry into prisons under the Further chairmanship of Herbert Gladstone, the Under Secretary of State, finding that conditions of Comments imprisonment at that time did not lead to any moral reform or change in behaviour, recommending more flexible systems, and encouraging productive and rehabilitative labour. This influenced prison reform in NSW, driven particularly by especially Captain Frederick Neitenstein, chief administrator of NSW prisons from 1894, resulting in major changes to the prison system, including the establishment of an afforestation camp at Tuncurry and the opening of a prison farm at Emu Plains in 1914.

Emu Plains was purchased in December 1914 to operate as a prison farm. The 107 acres farm Lot and DP was intended to rehabilitate young offenders by employing them on general farm work while producing vegetables and farm produce for other government institutions. It was arranged on the same scheme as Tuncurry with each prisoner occupying a separate hut.

Ten wooden huts made at Goulburn Gaol were transported to the site to house the first batch of prisoners arriving on 12 April 1915. By 1933, there were 78 huts. Most construction work focused

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 17/03/1997 Date Updated:06/07/2009 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 1

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. Corrective Services NSW s.170 Register

Images Listings Name Number Date Heritage Act - s.170 NSW State agency heritage register

References Author Title Year Caption Block Plan, Emu Plains Directory of Corrective Services 1977 Correctional Centre, Clinic Building DPWS, Heritage Group Emu Plains Correctional Centre Clinic Building 1996 Heritage Impact Statement DPWS, Heritage Group Emu Plains Correctional Centre Clinic Building 1996 Copyright: Department of Commerce Heritage Assessment Image by: 017-001.DGN Studies Date: 12/03/2004 Number:

Assessment Degree Criteria Assessment Criteria SHR Criteria f) SHR Criteria a) The Emu Plains Correctional Complex is historically significant at a local level as it represents major prison reforms during the late 19th century and early 20th century, driven by Captain Frederick Neitenstein, and influenced by the Gladstone report. The site is evidence of this reform, as being one of the first prison farms established in an effort to provide appropriate welfare for inmates, including good conditions and rehabilitative labour. The site has SHR Criteria g) SHR Criteria b)

Intactness / Integrity SHR Criteria c) The Manager of Industries Office at Emu Plains Correctional Complex is The Manager of Industries Office has been aesthetically significant at a local level as it is an attractive building dating substantially altered. from the early 20th century. The building is a simple single storey Federation style building with wrapped around verandah supported on timber posts with simple detailing. It has a corrugated iron roof with ventilated gablets and exposed rafters at the eaves. Recommended management SHR Criteria d) Retain, conserve and incorporate into any proposed redevelopment of the site. Adaptive reuse of the building is acceptable provided that aterations to the significant fabric is minimised. If retention of the building is not possible, the building should be recorded SHR Criteria e) prior to demolition, and in view of its social significance,

State Heritage Inventory Date: 22/06/2017 Date First Entered 17/03/1997 Date Updated:06/07/2009 Data Entry Status: Partial Page: 2

This report was produced using the Heritage Database Software provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning.