Local Mitigation Strategy

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Local Mitigation Strategy E LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY WALTON COUNTY 2020 Update Local Mitigation Strategy Table of Contents LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 1.0 INTRODUCTION 7 1.1 PURPOSE OF THE LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY 8 1.2 BENEFITS 8 2.0 LMS PLANNING PROCESS 9 2.1 STRATEGY PREPARATION AND ORGANIZATION 10 2.2 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT 11 2.3 COORDINATION WITH OTHER AGENCIES 12 2.4 PLANNING PROCESS 13 2.4.1 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ESTIMATION 13 2.4.2 VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT 13 2.4.3 DEVELOPING HAZARD MITIGATION INITIATIVES 14 2.4.4 DEVELOPING THE LOCAL MITIGATION ACTION PLAN 14 2.4.5 APPROVAL OF THE CURRENT EDITION OF THE STRATEGY 14 2.4.6 IMPLEMENTATION OF APPROVED MITIGATION INITIATIVES 14 3.0 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT 15 3.1 COUNTY PROFILE 16 3.2 SUMMARY OF CHANGES 18 3.3 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 19 3.3.1 FEDERAL DISASTER DECLARATIONS 20 3.3.2 NATIONAL CENTERS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION: STORM EVENTS DATA 21 3.4 VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT OVERVIEW 22 3.4.1 ASSETS, INFRASTRUCTURE, AND CRITICAL FACILITIES 22 3.4.2 CRITICAL FACILITIES 22 3.4.3 BUILDING DATA 23 3.4.4 HAZARD RANKING 24 3.5 HAZARD PROFILES 26 3.5.1 DAM FAILURE 26 DESCRIPTION 26 LOCATION 27 EXTENT 29 2 NOTE: * INDICATES THAT FDEP CLASSIFIES THESE DAMS AS HIGH HAZARD DAMS. N/A INDICATES THE INFORMATION WAS NOT AVAILABLE. 33 PREVIOUS OCCURRENCES 33 PROBABILITY OF FUTURE EVENTS 34 VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT 34 3.5.2 EPIDEMIC / PANDEMIC 36 DESCRIPTION 36 LOCATION AND EXTENT 37 PREVIOUS OCCURRENCES 38 PROBABILITY OF FUTURE EVENTS 39 VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT 40 3.5.3 DISEASE OUTBREAK – ANIMAL & PLANT DISEASES 41 DESCRIPTION 41 LOCATION AND EXTENT 43 PREVIOUS OCCURRENCES 43 PROBABILITY OF FUTURE EVENTS 44 VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT 45 3.5.4 DROUGHT 48 DESCRIPTION 48 LOCATION AND EXTENT 48 PREVIOUS OCCURRENCES 52 PROBABILITY OF FUTURE EVENTS 53 VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT 53 3.5.5 COASTAL EROSION 56 DESCRIPTION 56 LOCATION AND EXTENT 56 PREVIOUS OCCURRENCES 59 PROBABILITY OF FUTURE EVENTS 59 VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT 60 3.5.6 FLOOD 62 DESCRIPTION 62 LOCATION AND EXTENT 63 PREVIOUS OCCURRENCES 68 PROBABILITY OF FUTURE EVENTS 71 VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT 72 3.5.7 GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS 78 DESCRIPTION 78 LOCATION AND EXTENT 80 PREVIOUS OCCURRENCES 84 PROBABILITY OF FUTURE EVENTS 89 3 VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT 89 3.5.8 SEVERE WEATHER 91 DESCRIPTION 91 LOCATION AND EXTENT 93 PREVIOUS OCCURRENCES 100 PROBABILITY OF FUTURE EVENTS 105 VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT 105 3.5.9 WILDFIRE AND URBAN FIRE 108 DESCRIPTION 108 LOCATION AND EXTENT 108 PREVIOUS OCCURRENCES 116 PROBABILITY OF FUTURE EVENTS 118 VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT 118 3.5.10 WINTER STORM 121 DESCRIPTION 121 LOCATION AND EXTENT 123 PREVIOUS OCCURRENCES 126 PROBABILITY OF FUTURE EVENTS 127 VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT 128 3.5.11 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INCIDENTS 130 DESCRIPTION 130 LOCATION AND EXTENT 130 PREVIOUS OCCURRENCES 133 PROBABILITY OF FUTURE EVENTS 135 VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT 135 3.5.12 TRANSPORTATION INCIDENTS 137 DESCRIPTION 137 LOCATION AND EXTENT 140 PREVIOUS OCCURRENCES 142 PROBABILITY OF FUTURE EVENTS 144 VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT 145 3.5.13 UTILITY OUTAGES 148 DESCRIPTION 148 LOCATION AND EXTENT 148 PREVIOUS OCCURRENCES 150 PROBABILITY OF FUTURE EVENTS 151 VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT 152 3.5.14 TERRORISM 153 DESCRIPTION 153 LOCATION AND EXTENT 155 4 PREVIOUS OCCURRENCES 157 PROBABILITY OF FUTURE EVENTS 158 VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT 158 3.5.15 WORKPLACE AND SCHOOL VIOLENCE 161 DESCRIPTION 161 LOCATION AND EXTENT 162 PREVIOUS OCCURRENCES 162 PROBABILITY OF FUTURE EVENTS 162 VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT 162 4.0 MITIGATION STRATEGY 164 4.1 GUIDING PRINCIPLES 165 4.2 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 166 GOAL 1 166 GOAL 2 166 GOAL 3 166 GOAL 4 167 4.3 EXISTING AUTHORITIES, POLICIES AND PROGRAMS 167 4.4 NFIP AND CRS PARTICIPATION 167 4.5 UPDATE OF PRIOR MITIGATION PROJECTS 168 4.6 DETERMINING AND RANKING NEW MITIGATION INITIATIVES 174 4.7 RANKING MITIGATION INITIATIVES 174 4.8 MITIGATION INITIATIVES 175 5.0 PLAN MAINTENANCE 181 5.1 STRATEGY MONITORING, EVALUATION AND UPDATE 182 5.2 ANNUAL UPDATE PROCESS 182 5.3 FIVE YEAR UPDATE PROCESS 183 5.4 INCORPORATION INTO OTHER PLANNING MECHANISMS 184 5.5 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LMS INTO OTHER PLANNING MECHANISMS 185 5.6 CONTINUED PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT 186 5.7 MONITORING, EVALUATING AND UPDATING THE LMS 187 APPENDICES A: WALTON COUNTY CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT B: CITY OF DEFUNIAK SPRINGS CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT C: CITY OF FREEPORT CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT 5 D: CITY OF PAXTON CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT E: DEVELOPMENT TRENDS F: PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT AND MEETING MATERIALS G: SURVEY RESULTS H: VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT SUMMARY I: LMS REVIEW TOOL J: ADOPTION RESOLUTIONS 6 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Purpose of the Local Mitigation Strategy Hazard mitigation is defined as any action taken to reduce or alleviate the loss of life, personal injury, and property damage that can result from a disaster. It involves long- and short-term actions implemented before, during and after disasters. Hazard mitigation activities include planning efforts, policy changes, programs, studies, improvement projects, and other steps to reduce the impacts of hazards. For many years, federal disaster funding focused on relief and recovery after disasters occurred, with limited funding for hazard mitigation planning in advance. The Disaster Mitigation Act (DMA), passed in 2000, shifted the federal emphasis toward planning for disasters before they occur. The DMA requires state and local governments to develop hazard mitigation plans as a condition for federal disaster grant assistance. Regulations developed to fulfill the DMA’s requirements are included in Title 44 of the Code of Federal Regulations (44 CFR). The responsibility for hazard mitigation lies with many, including private property owners, commercial interests, and local, state and federal governments. The DMA encourages cooperation among state and local authorities in pre- disaster planning. The enhanced planning network called for by the DMA helps local governments to articulate accurate needs for mitigation, resulting in faster allocation of funding and more cost-effective risk-reduction projects. The DMA also promotes sustainability in hazard mitigation. To be sustainable, hazard mitigation needs to incorporate sound management of natural resources and address hazards and mitigation in the largest possible social and economic context. 1.2 Benefits Hazard mitigation planning helps to identify strategies and actions that will reduce risk for those who live in, work in, and visit the county. In addition, hazard mitigation planning provides a viable planning framework for all foreseeable natural hazards that may impact the county. Furthermore, participation in the development of the plan by key stakeholders in the county helps to ensure that outcomes will be mutually beneficial. Benefits of hazard mitigation planning includes: Reduce the loss of life, property, essential services, critical facilities, and economic hardship Reduce short-term and long-term recovery and reconstruction costs Increase cooperation and communication within the community through the planning process Increase potential for state and federal funding for pre- and post-disaster projects. Walton County prepared a local mitigation strategy in compliance with the DMA in 2015. Cities within the county participated as planning partners in the plan. The LMS identified resources, information, and strategies for reducing risk from natural hazards. It called for ongoing updates. This Walton County Local Mitigation Strategy fulfills the ongoing update requirement. 8 2.0 LMS PLANNING PROCESS Walton County Local Mitigation Strategy 2020 Update 2.1 Strategy Preparation and Organization Walton County hired Tetra Tech, Inc. to assist with development and implementation of the LMS update. Tetra Tech staff coordinated with County, City and State stakeholders to facilitate meetings, collect data and update the LMS. The Tetra Tech Project Manager and Planner reported directly to the Walton County Director of Emergency Management who served as the Client Project Manager. In addition, Walton County has an LMS Working Group that regularly meets on a quarterly basis. The mission of the work group is to plan for a decrease in the vulnerability of the citizens, governments, businesses and institutions of Walton County from the future human, economic and environmental costs of natural, technological, and human caused disasters. The LMS Working Group was actively involved in attending meetings, either in person, online, or via phone, providing input on plan drafts, and completion of hazard mitigation work sheets to collect data on jurisdiction capabilities, development, plan integration with other plans and initiatives, and updates regarding previous mitigation projects.. The LMS Working Group consists of representatives from the following organizations: City of DeFuniak Springs City of Freeport City of Paxton Florida Department of Health, Walton County Florida Division of Emergency Management Muscogee Nation of Florida Regional Utilities South Walton Fire District South Walton Utility Company, Inc. Walton Area Chamber of Commerce Walton County Fire and Rescue Walton County Government Walton County School District Walton County Sheriff’s Department Walton County Tourist Development Council Each jurisdiction maintains a liaison in the LMS Working Group who participated in the quarterly meetings as well as the 5-year
Recommended publications
  • Engineering in K-12 Education: Understanding the Status and Improving the Prospects
    This PDF is available from The National Academies Press at http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12635 Engineering in K-12 Education: Understanding the Status and Improving the Prospects ISBN Linda Katehi, Greg Pearson, and Michael Feder, Editors; Committee on 978-0-309-13778-2 K-12 Engineering Education; National Academy of Engineering and National Research Council 234 pages 6 x 9 PAPERBACK (2009) Visit the National Academies Press online and register for... Instant access to free PDF downloads of titles from the NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES NATIONAL ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 10% off print titles Custom notification of new releases in your field of interest Special offers and discounts Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Request reprint permission for this book Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Engineering in K-12 Education: Understanding the Status and Improving the Prospects Committee on K–12 Engineering Education Linda Katehi, Greg Pearson, and Michael Feder, Editors Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Engineering in K-12 Education: Understanding the Status and Improving the Prospects THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001 NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
    [Show full text]
  • WKNC CBI Virtual National Student Electronic Media Convention Trip
    CBI NATIONAL STUDENT ELECTRONIC MEDIA CONVENTION OCT. 28-30, 2020 VIRTUAL DUE TO COVID-19 everything is structured and categorized for things to flow PODCASTING smoothly. You want to fact check your information to make sure you are sending out the correct information to your Intro to Podcasting listeners. - Erika Bass Myrriah Gossett, Senior Producer of FOGO: Fear of Going Outside and Instructor at Austin School of Film Producing a podcast to compliment your student media: A Case Study of “The Caravan” Student Newspaper in When deciding to start a podcast ask yourself: What story Cairo, Egypt do you want to tell and why do you want to tell it? What Kim Fox, Professor, The American University in Cairo; Lia shows like this are out now? What would make yours differ- Abdelwahab, Podcast Producer, The Caravan, The Ameri- ent? Are you the right person to tell this story? Who is your can University in Cairo; Bassel Hanna, Podcast Producer, audience? (make a profile of your ideal audience member) The Caravan, The American University in Cairo; and Basant Samhout, Podcast Producer, The Caravan, The American There are over 1 million podcasts available. What makes University in Cairo yours unique? Podcast trailers should typically be under two minutes and can be used similarly to film trailers to It can be easier to take over an existing podcast than to market a podcast. The average number of episodes before create one from scratch because the structure already a feed is abandoned is six because podcasting is hard exists. Having multiple co-hosts can also be good, as it can to do and maintain.
    [Show full text]
  • Moving Music Licensing Into the Digital Era: More Competition and Less Regulation
    UCLA UCLA Entertainment Law Review Title Moving Music Licensing into the Digital Era: More Competition and Less Regulation Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3w72t9ts Journal UCLA Entertainment Law Review, 23(1) ISSN 1073-2896 Authors Lenard, Thomas M. White, Lawrence J. Publication Date 2016 DOI 10.5070/LR8231034311 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Moving Music Licensing into the Digital Era: More Competition and Less Regulation* Thomas M. Lenard** and Lawrence J. White*** “ . the time is ripe to question the existing paradigm for the licensing of musical works and sound recordings and consider meaningful change. There is a wide- spread perception that our licensing system is broken.”1 ABSTRACT The system for licensing music in the United States for public performances through radio, television, digital services, and other distribution media is complicated, * Thanks are due to Marcel Broyer, Dale Collins, Martin Michael, Petra Moser, Katie Peters, Greg Rosston, Carl Shapiro, Amy Smorodin, Yossi Spiegel, Scott Wallsten, and the attendees at the August 2015 Technology Policy Institute’s Aspen Forum for helpful comments on an earlier draft of this paper, and to Nathan Kliewer and Brandon Silberstein for able research assistance. ** Thomas Lenard is senior fellow and president emeritus at the Technology Policy Institute. Lenard is the author or coauthor of numerous books and articles on telecommunications, electricity, antitrust, priva- cy, e-commerce and other regulatory issues. Before joining the Technology Policy Institute, Lenard was acting president, senior vice president for research and senior fellow and president emeritus at The Prog- ress & Freedom Foundation.
    [Show full text]
  • Florida and Climate Change the Costs of Inaction
    FLORIDA AND CLIMATE CHANGE THE COSTS OF INACTION ELIZABETH A. STANTON FRANK ACKERMAN Tufts University November 2007 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY n July 2007, Governor Charlie Crist established greenhouse gas emission targets for the state of Florida, including an 80 percent reduction below 1990 levels by 2050. Although achieving Ithis target will involve nontrivial expenditures, the failure to avert severe climate change would have even more severe consequences for Florida, in cold hard cash as well as human and ecolog - ical impacts. Arguments against strong action to combat climate change often implicitly assume that inac - tion would be cost-free — that we can chose a future without significant impacts from climate change even if emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases continue to grow unchecked. But the overwhelming scientific consensus now holds that this rosy assumption is sim - ply wrong, and that the more greenhouse gases are released, the worse the consequences will be. The stakes are high, the risks of disastrous climate impacts are all too real, and waiting for more information is likely to mean waiting until it is too late to protect ourselves and our de - scendants. If a bad outcome is a real risk — and run-away greenhouse gas emissions lead to a very bad outcome indeed — isn’t it worth buying insurance against it? We buy fire insurance for our homes, even though any one family is statistically unlikely to have a fire next year. Young adults often buy life insurance, out of concern for their families, even though they are very unlikely to die next year.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate-Sensitive Hazards in Florida
    CLIMATE-SENSITIVE HAZARDS IN FLORIDA Identifying and Prioritizing Threats to Build Resilience against Climate Effects Christopher T. Emrich, Daniel P. Morath, Gregg C. Bowser, and Rachel Reeves, Hazards and Vulnerability Research Institute This report was produced under contract for the Florida Department of Health. This project was supported by an award from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (grant number U5UE1EH001047-02, Building Community Resilience in Florida through Adaptation and Mitigation). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Page ii of xi TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................... iii List of Tables ............................................................................................................................. vi 1. Project Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1 Hurricane Storm Surge, Winds, and Rising Sea Level ............................................................ 8 Heat, Drought, and Wildfires ..................................................................................................10 Priority Climate-Sensitive Threats ..........................................................................................11 Bibliography ..........................................................................................................................13
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 1 Frameless Network Architecture for User-Centric 5G Radio Access Networks
    5G Radio Access Networks: Centralized RAN, Cloud-RAN, and Virtualization of Small Cells 5G Radio Access Networks: Centralized RAN, Cloud-RAN, and Virtualization of Small Cells By Hrishikesh Venkatarman and Ramona Trestian CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2017 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed on acid-free paper International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4987-4710-3 (paperback) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the con- sequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright.com (http://www.copyright.
    [Show full text]
  • "Liquid" Sunshine State by Melissa Griffin, Assistant State Climatologist
    Florida . The "Liquid" Sunshine State By Melissa Griffin, Assistant State Climatologist and Florida CoCoRaHS Coordinator Climate is Florida's most important physical resource, a fact well recognized by its citizens, whose state government officially designated it the Sunshine State in 1970. Florida is mainly a long peninsula, and with the exception of the northwestern part of the state, no place is more than 80 miles from both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. This proximity to water has an impact on both temperatures and precipitation across the state. The Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico act as major modifiers of the state's temperature during all seasons, but particularly in the winter. During Florida's coldest month (January), average temperatures range from the lower 50s in the north to the upper 60s in the south. The mild temperatures give way to the "dog days of summer," when average temperatures across the entire state are about the same (lower 80s). Florida's summer high temperatures can be extremely draining, even though Florida experiences far fewer days of 100F days than most other states. This is because Florida is among the wettest states in the nation and its atmosphere is so humid that its summers are among the most uncomfortable. Despite these typical temperature patterns, Florida has had its fair share of extremes. The state record for minimum temperature is -2F set in Tallahassee, Florida, on February 13, 1899, while the hottest temperature recorded in the state was 109F on June 29, 1931, in Monticello, Florida. Oddly enough, the two record-holding stations are only 25 miles apart.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Winter Climatic Zones in Florida Freezes
    Proc. Fla. State Hart. Soc. 99:9-13. 1986. THE ROLE OF WINTER CLIMATIC ZONES IN FLORIDA FREEZES J. F. Gerber and E. Chen maritime subtropical air mass plays an important role in University of Florida, IFAS blocking the incoming cold air, then perhaps we could ex Fruit Crops Department pect a buffered, narrow stopping zone for the cold air. In Gainesville, Florida 32611 fact, there is no good method to estimate the stopping place of an air mass except indirectly, through events oc curring at the, surface as a result of the passage of the air Additional index words. Cold protection, acclimation. mass, which then allow us to infer some properties of the air mass. An example of this is the freeze of 21 January Abstract The Florida peninsula stretches for 5° latitude cover 1985 in which "Interstate 4" appeared to be the "dividing ing temperate to subtropical climatic zones. It is not uncom line" (zone): north of which citrus was severely damaged mon to find maximum temperatures greater than 27°C (80°F) (Lake County) and south of which citrus was relatively un occuring somewhere in Florida during the winter months of damaged (Polk County). Hence, we inferred from the December, January, and February. Thus, each winter Florida damages at the ground (citrus) that the boundary of the becomes a meeting ground beetween intruding polar air mas incoming cold air mass appeared to be so distinct as to ses and native, warm and humid subtropical air masses. As cause the damage zone to be well defined. If this premise a result, crop survival each winter depends not only on the is also not true, then acclimation and preconditioning of temperatures of the intruding air masses but also on the pre citrus would have to be examined carefully as a factor pro conditioning from the native subtropical air masses; and fi ducing the extensive damage north of "Interstate 4".
    [Show full text]
  • Enviroscaping1
    Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office. EES101 Enviroscaping1 Joan Bradshaw and Linda Tozer2 HOME LANDSCAPING: welcome relief from uncomfortably warm HISTORICALLY temperatures. Historically, landscaping has played an In colder climates, landscape materials were used important role in modifying the home environment. to direct bitter winter winds. Houses were often built To survive, Native Americans and early settlers beneath a protective canopy of trees which provided designed shelters that offered protection from the shelter from the chilling effects of snow and rain. most severe conditions imaginable. Until the These early northern builders wanted to keep in the invention of mechanical heating and cooling systems, heat while fending off the cold. Small windows were man was dependent upon his ability to change or carefully placed to encourage the warming effect of modify his surroundings. the sun. Choosing a good location was also important to survival. Areas which had a ready supply of mature An instinct for survival may have been the trees and shrubs helped new communities to establish driving force which taught settlers to use landscape themselves more quickly. Early community planning materials to improve the effects of these harsh very clearly showed colonial man's respect for nature conditions. In southern territories, it was important to and its forces. keep out the sun while encouraging cool breezes. Florida, with its moist, hot climate presented an LIVING IN FLORIDA: CLIMATE especially difficult challenge for settlers. To Florida is the vacation capital of the U.S. encourage air flow, these early settlers designed very open homes and used trees and other landscape providing a playground for 37 million tourists each year.
    [Show full text]
  • What Can You Do?
    What can you do? A Fire Awareness Curriculum for Grade 5 Theodore R. Kulongoski Governor of Oregon Nancy Orr Oregon State Fire Marshal Office of State Fire Marshal Department of State Police 4760 Portland Rd. NE Salem, Oregon 97305 www.oregon.gov/OSP/SFM June 2007 Produced by the Office of State Fire Marshal Acknowledgments Curriculum design and development Carol Baumann, MA, Office of State Fire Marshal Judith Okulitch, MS, Office of State Fire Marshal Gigi Sims, MS, ODE Health Ed Consultant Curriculum cover design and illustrations James Cloutier Cover painting for The Myth of Fire Rick Bartow Video components Larry Blumenstein, History of Moving Water Bend Fire Department, Smoke alarm PSAs Special thanks to Jess Bogli, for help with Department of Education Health Standards Clair Sims, Colette Sims, Blaise Sims for fire safety pledge development Gigi Sims, Pilot testing iN MEMORY OF A SPECIAL FRIEND Rex was a strong advocate for fire prevention education. He passed away in 2005. A memorial fund established in his name underwrote the Fire’s Use Throughout History timeline for the curriculum. Rex had a long and distinguished career in the fire service, beginning with service in the navy as a firefighter on an aircraft carrier. He continued his fire service career in Roseburg, Oregon, and then became the Estacada fire chief. In 1980 he joined Tualatin Valley Fire and Rescue, where he retired in 1997 while serving as their assistant fire marshal. The following July he joined the Office of State Fire Marshal, where he served as a “temporary” deputy state fire marshal for four years, “retiring” again in 2001.
    [Show full text]
  • Proposed Rulemaking
    Federal Communications Commission FCC 04-28 Before the Federal Communications Commission Washington, D.C. 20554 In the Matter of ) ) IP-Enabled Services ) WC Docket No. 04-36 ) NOTICE OF PROPOSED RULEMAKING Adopted: February 12, 2004 Released: March 10, 2004 Comment date: [60 Days After Federal Register Publication of this Notice] Reply Comment date: [90 Days After Federal Register Publication of this Notice] By the Commission: Chairman Powell, Commissioners Abernathy and Martin issuing separate statements; Commissioner Copps concurring and issuing a statement; Commissioner Adelstein approving in part, concurring in part and issuing a separate statement. TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph No. I. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................. 1 II. BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................... 7 A. TECHNOLOGICAL AND MARKET EVOLUTION OF IP-ENABLED SERVICES ............................. 8 1. Internet Voice............................................................................................................... 10 2. Other New and Future IP-Enabled Services................................................................. 16 B. LEGAL BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................ 23 1. Statutory Definitions and Commission Precedent ........................................................ 24 2. Commission Consideration of VoIP
    [Show full text]
  • Past and Projected Trends in Climate and Sea Level for South Florida
    PPaasstt aanndd PPrroojjeecctteedd TTrreennddss iinn CClliimmaattee aanndd SSeeaa LLeevveell ffoorr SSoouutthh FFlloorriiddaa Photo courtesy of National Aeronautics and Space Administration Hydrologic and Environmental Systems Modeling Technical Report July 2011 PAST AND PROJECTED TRENDS IN CLIMATE AND SEA LEVEL FOR SOUTH FLORIDA July 5, 2011 Team Members: J. Obeysekera J. Park M. Irizarry-Ortiz P. Trimble J. Barnes J. VanArman W. Said E. Gadzinski Hydrologic and Environmental Systems Modeling South Florida Water Management District 3301 Gun Club Road West Palm Beach, Florida Contents PAST AND PROJECTED TRENDS IN CLIMATE AND SEA LEVEL FOR SOUTH FLORIDA Table of Contents List of Figures ........................................................................................................... v List of Tables ............................................................................................................ x Acknowledgments ................................................................................................. xii Recommended Citation ....................................................................................... xiii List of Acronyms and Abbreviations ................................................................. xiv Executive Summary ............................................................................................ xvii PAST AND PROJECTED TRENDS IN CLIMATE AND SEA LEVEL FOR SOUTH FLORIDA ........................................................................................ 1 I. Introduction
    [Show full text]