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Posterior and Anterior Triangles of the Neck

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Posterior and Anterior Triangles of the Neck M1 - Anatomy Posterior and Anterior Triangles of the Neck Jeff Dupree Sanger 9-057 828-9536 [email protected] 1 Landmarks of the Neck 2 Landmarks of Cervical Triangles 3 Anterior Cervical Triangle 4 Anterior Cervical Triangle Boundaries Sup: mandible Ant: midline Lat. Post: SCM 5 Anterior cervical triangle is divided into 4 smaller triangles Muscular Carotid Submandibular Submental 6 Muscular triangle boundaries Lat/sup: sup belly of omohyoid Lat/inf: SCM Med/ant: midline 7 8 Muscles in the muscular triangle are referred to as infrahyoid or strap muscles Sup belly of omohyoid Sternohyoid Thyrohyoid Sternothyroid 9 2 layers: #1 omohyoid sternohyoid #2 thyrohyoid sternothyroid 10 Innervation of Infrahyoid/Strap Muscles Ansa cervicalis C1-C3 Exception: Thyrohyoid fibers directly from C1 11 Nerves of the Muscular Triangle 12 Carotid triangle boundaries Sup: post belly digastric Ant: sup belly omohyoid Post: SCM 13 Carotid triangle Contents: Carotid sheath common carotid internal jugular vagus nerve Ansa cervicalis (embedded in sheath) Hypoglossal nerve (XII) Arteries: Branches of ext. carotid 14 Contents of carotid sheath Ansa cervicalis frequently is embedded within the sheath Med: common carotid Lat: internal jugular Post: vagus (CN X) 15 Carotid Triangle Carotid sinus -dilatation of internal carotid -innervated by CN IX -baroreceptor that reacts to changes in blood pressure Carotid body -ovoid mass positioned in the bifurcation of the carotid -innervated by CN IX -chemoreceptor that monitors blood oxygen levels 16 17 Branches of external carotid Sup. Thyroid Ascending pharyngeal Lingual Facial Occipital NOT in Carotid Triangle Post. Auricular Maxillary Superficial temporal 18 19 Nerves of Carotid Triangle 20 Submandibular triangle boundaries Sup: mandible Post/inf: post. digastric Ant/inf: ant. digastric 21 Submandibular Triangle contents Arteries: facial Nerve: Trigeminal Hypoglossal Muscles: Mylohyoid Stylohyoid Gland: submandibular 22 Muscles of the Submandibular Triangle Posterior belly of digastric CNVII Anterior belly of digastric CN V Mylohyoid CN V Stylohyoid CN VII Suprahyoid muscles -act to elevate the hyoid -if the hyoid bone is stabilized by the infrahyoid m, can act to open the mouth **Geniohyoid C1 via CN XII 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Submandibular Gland Innervation Parasympathetic Innervation (secretomotor) Superior salivatory nucleus Nervus Intermedius (VII) Chorda tympani (petrotympanic fissure) Lingual n. (V) submandibular ganglion (post syn.) Submandibular Gland 30 Submental Triangle Boundaries Sup: ant. bellies of digastrics Inf: hyoid bone 31 Submental Triangle Contents Muscle: mylohyoid Venous supply: Small veins that form ant. jugular 32 Summary of Anterior Cervical Triangle Boundaries: Mandible, SCM, midline Divided into 4 triangles: Muscular, carotid, submandibular, submental Muscular: infrahyoid muscles innervated by ansa cervicalis EXCEPT thyrohyoid (C1) Carotid: carotid sheath, ansa cervicalis, branches of ext. carotid, hypoglossal n. Submandibular: submandibular gland, suprahyoid muscles Submental: crosses midline 33 Landmarks of the Neck 34 Posterior Cervical Triangle 35 Posterior Cervical Triangle Subdivided into 2 triangles: Occipital Supraclavicular (Subclavian) 36 Occipital Triangle Boundaries Ant: SCM Inf: inf. belly omohyoid Pos: trapezius 37 Occipital Triangle 38 Occipital Triangle 39 40 Boundaries of the Supraclavicular Triangle Ant: SCM Inf: clavicle Sup/Pos.: inf. belly omohyoid 41 42 Summary of Posterior Cervical Triangle 2 triangles: occipital supraclavicular Occipital: 4 cutaneous nerves lesser occipital, great auricular, transverse cervical, supraclavicular 43.
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