cies in both streams and a macrohabitat ponicus (Crustacea, ) including a hy- generalist. Orconectes ozarkae used all pothesis on the evolution of maternal care in the macrohabitats, but showed affinity for pools, Astacida. Acta Zoologica 83: 203-212. backwaters and vegetation patches. Or- 9. Zaikov, A., Karanikolov, Y. and Hubenova- Siderova, T. 2000. Record of ectocommensalism conectes punctimanus was the least com- between Epistylis sp. (Peritrichia, Sessilida, Epi- mon species and was largely restricted to stylidae) and artificially cultivated narrow-clawed Vol.24 No.3 June 2002 vegetation patches and backwaters. We (Astacus leptodactylus Esch.) Bulgarian The official newsletter of the International Association of Astacology documented ontogenetic shifts in macrohab- Journal of Agr. Sci. 6:575-578. itat use between age classes in at least two 10. Zaikov, A. and Grozev, D. 2000. Influence of species. Although there were interspecific density on growth and survival of narrow-clawed differences, YOY crayfish generally were crayfish when reared in aquaria up to the age of a concentrated in macrohabitats along shal- month. Translation from Agr. Sci. 1:40. 11. Zaikov, A., Hubenova-Siderova, T. and Ka- low margins of streams. Several macrohabi- ranikolov, Y. 2000. Growth and survival of juve- tat association patterns showed consistency nile crayfish Astacus leptodactylus Esch., fed dif- across temporal and spatial bounds. Study ferent diets under laboratory conditions. Bulgarian results have implications for lotic crayfish Journal of Agr. Sci. 6:349-354. management and conservation. 12. Zaikov, A. and Karanikolov, Y. 2000. Pro- spects to the development of astaciculture in Bul- garia. Agicultural Science 1:24 (summary). PAPERS OF INTEREST TO ASTACOLOGISTS 1. Alonso, F. 2001. Efficiency of electrofishing as sampling method for freshwater crayfish popula- tions in small creeks. Limnetica 20(1): 59-72. 2. Bulgurkov, K. 1961. Astacus pachypus Rathke—a new species of vrayfish for the Bulgar- ian fauna. Bulletin de L‘Institut de Pisciculture et de Pècherie—Varna, KH. Vol. V. 3. Cooper, J. 2000. A new species of crayfish of the genus , subgenus Cambarus (Decapoda: ) from the Broad River Basin of North Carolina. Journal of the Elisha Joe Fitzpatrick with Aloyzas Burba at the 1993 International Senckenberg Conference Mitchell Scientific Society. 116(1):1-12. on Crustacea Decapoda. Photo courtesy Dr Michael Türkay, Senckenberg-Museum. 4. Cooper, J. 2000. Cambarus (Cambarus) davidi, a new species of crayfish (Decapoda: Cambari- dae) from North Carolina. Proceedings of the Biol. Soc. Of Washington. 113(2):431-442. Farewell to a special IAA friend 5. Cooper, J. 2001. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) hobbsorum, a new crayfish (Decapoda: Cambari- Distinguished Astacologist Joe Fitzpatrick, Jr passed away on 11 July 2002 dae) from North Carolina. Proceedings of the Biol. in Mobile, USA. Joe made an outstanding contribution to crayfish science Soc. Of Washington 114(1):152-161. and had many friends within IAA. 6. Cooper, J.E. and Cooper, M.R. 1997. A new species of troglobitic crayfish of the genus Cam- barus, subgenus Aviticambarus (Decapoda: Cam- The following eulogy was delivered by Da- For 25 years I knew Joe as a friend, col- baridae), endemic to White Spring Cave, Ala- vid H. Nelson, a colleague of Joe Fitzpat- league, fellow biologist, collector, kindred bama. Proceedings of the Biol. Soc. of Washing- rick, Jr, at his memorial service on 16 July spirit of sorts, naturalist, and skilled artisan ton 110(4): 608-616. 2002. of the English language. He was a man of 7. Guiasu, R. C. and Dunham, D.W. 2001. Obser- integrity: bright, curious and always intellec- vations on the timing of moulting We are here to celebrate the life, and to tually honest. events in the crayfish Cambarus robustus Girard, honor the memory, of Joseph Ferris Fitzpat- 1852 (Decapoda, Cambaridae). Crustaceana 74: Although he enjoyed a good laugh, he was- rick, Jr: husband, father, professor, educa- 1365-1378. n't always a good teller of jokes ...but he al- tor, scholar, researcher, literarian, lover of 8. Scholtz, G. and Kawai, T. 2002. Aspects of em- ways gave it a try. Because of his great ver- bryonic and postembryonic development of the crawfish, and a man of deep faith. Japanese freshwater crayfish Cambaroides ja- (Continued on page 3) IAA Newsletter 24 (3): 16

President’s Corner based system on trade, countries have municating results (i.e. "they" are making

Our next symposium is only two weeks adopted virtually zero risk policies when me do this), this message is to inform you away in Querétaro, Mexico. Pedro Joaquin dealing with some products or with some of the availability of a newly released final Gutiérrez-Yurrita has provided an update countries, and accepted a very high level report. The title of the report is on page 5 and an abbreviated programme of risk when dealing with other products "Macrohabitat partitioning among three follows. Note that there is a high chance of and/or from closely allied countries. Import crayfish species in two Missouri Ozarks rain while we are there, although when I risk analysis, in the context of WTO mem- streams". It is one of several final reports The International Association of visited Querétaro this time last year I was Astacology (IAA), founded in Hintertal, Austria in really knocked by the heat (and I‘m bership, is part of a rules-based system generated from the federally-funded, long 1972, is dedicated to the study, conservation, and Australian!). A reminder that the bus to which ensures that members decide on an term Crayfish Management Project. The wise utilisation of freshwater crayfish. Any Querétaro is very easy to find, right out the acceptable level of risk when importing abstract appears below. For those that individual or firm interested in furthering the study front of the airport. Tickets are available at a products. Moreover, this rules-based sys- wish to avoid the technical jargon, a of astacology is eligible for membership. Service to counter in front of where the buses park tem provides a mechanism to resolve "popularized" summary of this report will members include a quarterly newsletter, and money exchange is straight-forward grievances about unjustified or measures be posted on the Department's intranet in membership directory, bi-annual international inside the airport. All buses go to a central which are a disguised restriction on trade. the very near future. Report copies are symposia and publication of the journal Freshwater Importantly, it is disadvantageous for the available from me at the Conservation Re- Crayfish. depot on arrival in Querétaro, so you will need some pesos for a taxi fare to your importing country to accept higher risks on search Center. certain products from certain countries be- Secretariat hotel. Bob DiStefano cause other members will argue for that The International Association of Astacology has a Fisheries Research Biologist Joe Fitzpatrick, Jr passed away on 11 July same level of risk to be accepted across all permanent secretariat managed by Jay Huner. The Missouri Department of Conservation address is: IAA Secretariat, PO Box 44650, in Mobile, USA. Joe was one of only three products. Moreover, domestic stakehold- ers, including biologists, conservations, in- University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette Distinguished Astacologists named by the Abstract Louisiana 70504, USA. IAA and had many friends within our dustry members and the general public,

Crayfish are a major prey item for many can point to discrepancies in measures Tel: (+1 318) 4825239 organisation. Our condolences to Joe's sport fishes and add significantly to the bi- family, IAA will miss him. A eulogy from and lobby for these to be rectified. Fax: (+1 318) 4825395 odiversity of warmwater streams. Stream E-mail: [email protected] Joe‘s memorial service appears in this fisheries management could benefit from issue. In conclusion, risk analysis is not a perfect management of prey species, but there Web page: process – there are considerable scientific has been little quantitative work done to http://www.uku.fi/english/organizations/IAA/ Freshwater Crayfish 13 has finally been and practical difficulties. Nonetheless, ad- assess habitat use patterns of lotic crayfish printed and I will bring the first copies to vancement in scientific knowledge and risk Officers: populations. We examined diurnal macro- Mexico. FC 13 is a hard cover book of 627 analysis methodology have improved, and habitat association patterns among three Glen Whisson, President, Aquatic Science pages, including 56 peer-reviewed articles will continue to improve, the effectiveness and 44 short communications from 180 of import risk analysis. Importantly, WTO and two age classes within each Research Unit, Curtin University of Technology, species during two seasons in two Mis- GPO Box U1987 Perth 6845, Western Australia authors. Given the budget deficit from IAA members are restricted from accepting souri Ozarks streams. Fall quadrat sam- E-mail: [email protected] 13, we will be applying voluntary page higher risks in importing some products charges, probably $US5 per page. Authors from some countries because members ples were obtained during three years at Keith Crandall, President-elect, Department of very much appreciated receiving a final will quickly leverage against this to have Jacks Fork River and two years at Big Zoology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT proof of their contribution, a number of other products accepted for importation. Piney River; summer samples were taken 84602-5255 USA errors were corrected through this process. The effect is a more rational and equitable for five years at both rivers. E-mail: [email protected] I am presently working on the CD-ROM process on deciding what risks (in this Samples were partitioned among five version and am hopeful of having this ready case product types) are acceptable when Francesca Gherardi, Secretary, Department of macrohabitat types (riffles, runs, pools, for IAA 14. importing products. This is a significant ad- Biology and Genetics, University of backwaters, and emergent vegetation vancement for the protection of the envi- Florence, via Romana 17, 50125 Firenze, Italy patches). Orconectes luteus, O. ozarkae, E-mail: [email protected] All members should have received ballots ronment and of industries from exotic dis- and O. punctimanus were separated into for the next round of IAA elections. Please ease and species introduction. David Rogers, Past President, 9 The Moat, Castle take the time to return your slips prior to IAA young of year (YOY) and adults based on Donington, Derby DE74 2PD, UK. 14, unless you are attending, in which case, carapace length-frequency analysis. Rela- E-mail: [email protected] return them to Jay Huner at the conference. STUDY ON MISSOURI OZARKS tive use of macrohabitats by crayfish spe- cies and age classes was compared using Statements and opinions expressed in Crayfish STREAM CRAYFISH HABITAT USE analysis of variance and least squares News are not necessarily those of the International Glen Whisson In keeping with Missouri Department of Association of Astacology IAA President Conservation Fisheries Research Section's means probability difference analysis. Or- newly established procedures for com- conectes luteus was the predominant spe-

IAA Newsletter 24 (3): 2 IAA Newsletter 24 (3): 15 ed that discussion paper at the European country with trade. Typically, there will also (Continued from page 1) daughter) liked and respected him as a per- IAA meeting held in Poitiers, France, in be an assessment of the th bal skills, occasionally he could come up son and professional. He was a "no- September 2001. The 14 meeting is now ―pestiness‖ (ecological effects arising from with a devastating pun. nonsense" individual. You have heard the only a month away and this topic is likely to the establishment of the species including expression: "Cleanliness is next to Godli- be discussed again. To enable informed de- competitive affects on native species) of an Joe was a gruff, intensely focused person ness." On the corner of the blackboard of bate, following is a very brief summary of imported viable organism (such as a live who had a definite opinion on most issues. his Anatomy and Physiology laboratory, he my presentation at Poitiers. freshwater crayfish). However, in practice, Usually, it wasn't difficult to determine what would always write the statement: "In this some countries assess these risks sepa- that opinion was. Few people would not laboratory, cleanliness is better than godli- Import Risk Analysis rately to the quarantine import risk analysis, have an opinion about Joe... but he was al- ness." He wasn't being sacrilegious but was When implementing measures (restrictions) and often the assessment is done by a dif- ways kind, fair, consistent and straight for- making a point that needed to be made. that affect international trade for the pur- ferent Government agency. The WTO ad- ward in dealing with other people. Now, Joe would admit when he was wrong pose of protecting the life and health of hu- ministers a dispute resolution process which (although he really didn't like to). mans, animal and plants or their territory allows a member to argue against another Joe was a man of stern and passionate against damage from pests, the 144 mem- member that has introduced measures on convictions. After his family, his love was Joe had a genuine sense of humor. He had ber states of the World Trade Organization the basis that they are not in accordance crawfishes which he collected, described, several witty sayings that he would fre- are obliged only to implement measures with WTO rights and obligations including drew, catalogued and admired. He devoted quently recite at an appropriate time: (i.e. restrictions) which are in accordance that the measure is not scientifically justified much of his life to their study. Joe was well 1. "No good deed ever goes unpunished." with the principals stated in the Agreement or it is inconsistent with other measures ap- recognized in his field; he was our very own 2. "Illegitime non carborundum," and on the Application of Sanitary and Phyto- plied by that member. In the history of the accomplished, resident "astacologist". Joe 3. "If someone says something nice about sanitary Measures (commonly known as WTO, which was established in 1995, there was a good keeper of scientific records. As me, you know that they are lying." SPS Agreement). Briefly, these principles has not been a dispute related to measures a demanding professor he was utterly com- are to ensure that decisions are not discrim- against a ‗pest‘. Nonetheless, it is technical- mitted to graduate and undergraduate edu- Joe was a very private individual with a inatory; are formed on the basis of science, ly possible for a WTO member to challenge cation. He believed that things should be deep, abiding faith in God. A few weeks are least trade restrictive, are developed another member‘s measure to protect done the "right" way; and he was willing to ago he shared with me the feeling that most transparently and that risk is managed con- against the damage that would be caused take the time to do it properly. As our de- people probably didn't know that he was a sistently. As such, importing countries are by the introduction of a pest. partmental graduate coordinator for several man of faith. He related that perhaps he encouraged, when practicable, to imple- years, Joe gave careful oversight to individ- There can be considerable scientific and should have been more verbal in express- ment international standards for controlling ual graduate student records. practical deficiencies in an import risk analy- ing his convictions. But some people are risks. However, members have the right to sis. Scientifically there is the important issue not overt about their personal beliefs. Joe implement a measure or a more stringent He called himself the Biology Departmental of a very considerable lack of knowledge was a scientist, and as such he would al- measure (eg. affording a greater level of bi- "Curmudgeon" (which means about the disease status of freshwater cray- ways strive for objectivity. osecurity) when there is no international "cantankerous person"). But he was truly a fish populations – how can risks be as- standard or when it deems that the protec- dedicated scholar, researcher, and literari- For the past few weeks I have visited Joe sessed if little is known about pathogens tion provided by the international standard an. regularly and we had the opportunity to carried by crayfish in the exporting country, would provide less protection than its gen- share some valuable time together: memo- or pathogens already present in the import- eral policy for risk acceptance (known as As a disciplined man, he was logical, ana- ries, scriptures and prayers. In one instance ing country? Also, it is essentially impossi- the Appropriate Level of Protection -ALOP). lytical and perceptive. Joe passionately be- we were discussing the mystery of God's ble to predict the consequences of exposing In such cases, the member must assess the lieved in the benefits of a "liberal" educa- love and grace. Joe made an observation a host to a pathogen which it has not previ- risks and decide on appropriate measures tion. Unlike so many of today's educators that struck me as insightful and profound. ously been exposed. Laboratory trials and by risk assessment, often known by the who favor specialization, Joe felt that the He said: "What is most wondrous is that extrapolation from similar circumstances name of import risk analysis (IRA). The Of- arts and humanities (as well as the scienc- God actually wants us at all." may be useful in such cases, but, again, the fice International des Epizooties (OIE or the es) were essential to the successful individ- confidence in the predictions made, such as world organisation of animal health) is the ual. This often led to his intolerance of On more than one occasion, Joe admitted the consequences of disease introduction in international organisation charged with de- grammatical or historical errors in the essay that he was not afraid of death. Indeed his veloping international standards for animal real ecosystems, must be limited. spirit was buoyant even when he was dy- exams of his students, who would wonder health and zoonoses (including guidelines ing. Although he had cancer in his body, On the other hand, trade history shows that why a noun and verb would need to agree for IRA). on an anatomy and physiology final. Joe died a healed, entire, complete man. decisions on importation of products into

OIE guidelines on IRA involve the assess- countries often involve highly political un- Now he is at home, at peace and utterly ful- Joe was a rigorous, thorough, demanding ment of risks of introducing diseases to wild dercurrents, both domestically and interna- filled. Indeed he is in the presence of The professor. My best students (and my own and domestic populations in the importing tionally. Consequently, without a rules-

IAA Newsletter 24 (3): 14 IAA Newsletter 24 (3): 3 missed collecting any of them myself alt- fish genus Parastacoides ((Decapoda: Para- Almighty, now and forever more. Certainly, tion when the river is in spate, and it has hough I had visited South America many stacidae). Australian Journal of Zoology, 15: Joe will be missed, but he will never be for- been suggested (Stephanie Peay, pers. years before. The same comments apply to 999-1006. gotten by those who were privileged to comm.) that the crayfish may make the New Zealand. I hunted unsuccessfully in Riek, E. F. 1969. The Australian freshwater cray- know him. If he could, he would probably burrows to avoid this water action. The fact fish (Crustacea: Decapoda: ), with South Africa, observing that what appeared admonish each of us to live our lives fully that some burrows are above the water line description of new species. Australian Journal to be favourable niches were occupied by and in the knowledge of the Lord. probably indicates activity when the river of Zoology, 17: 855-918. the numerous freshwater crabs. The crabs was at a higher level for long periods in the Riek, E. F. 1971. The freshwater crayfishes of occupy an insignificant niche in the Australi- South America. Proceedings of the Biological winter. Society of Washington, 84: 129-136. CRAYFISH BURROWS an fauna. During a survey of a white-clawed crayfish, I should be interested to know if anybody Riek, E. F. 1972. The phylogeny of the Parastaci- Although I still fly-fish I merely observe the dae (Crustacea: Astacoidea), and a description Austropotamobius pallipes, population in a else has observed this phenomenon in A. presence of crayfishes in the stream, or ob- of a new genus of Australian freshwater cray- river in Eastern England a large number of pallipes? There is no mention of burrowing serve their burrows in the soaks along the fishes. Australian Journal of Zoology, 20: 369- burrows, both above and below the water by this species in any literature I have seen alpine paths or their chimneys in the drying 389. line, were found in the clay banks (see Figs with the exception of Huxley‘s (1881) book beds of the inland streams. 1, 2). In one case a live individual was ‗The Crayfish‘, and Calman‘s (1902) book found sitting in the entrance to a burrow ‗The Naturalist on the Thames.‘ On pages The common yabby (Cherax destructor) and ANALYSING THE RISKS ASSOCIATED and in another case an individual that had 8-9 Huxley mentions that crayfish dig bur- the northern red-claw (Cherax quadricarina- WITH TRANSLOCATION OF CRAYFISH died from thelohaniasis was found at the rows themselves from a few inches (about tus) are commercially available in the east IAA member Brett Edgerton has prepared entrance. The burrow entrances are oval in 10 cm) to a yard (about one metre) in and to some extent the marron (Cherax ten- the following paper, as a basis for continu- shape and are too small to have been depth, but if the soil is peaty then they work uimanus) of Western Australia in that state ing discussion at IAA 14. made by mammals such as water voles. their way into it in all directions, sometimes but rarely in the east. A great pity that the th Background: At the 7 IAA meeting in Lau- The burrows are similar (Peter Sibley, a considerable distance from the bank. He marron is not more readily available for it is sanne, Switzerland, members present pers. comm.) to those made by the signal also mentions that in favourable conditions certainly the best flesh I have adopted a resolution which was printed in crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus, but this they sit at the entrance to their burrows ever eaten. ―Freshwater Crayfish 7‖. The resolution stat- crayfish is not known from the river in and capture passing , including wa- ed the observations and concerns of the question. Many of the burrows have been ter voles! On page 52 Calman mentions Bibliography meeting, and put forward several recom- distorted and eroded by strong water ac- that the banks of the River Thames for Riek, E. F. 1951. The Australian freshwater crabs (Potamonidae). Records of the Australian Mu- mendations to Governments relating to the seum, 22: 351-357. importation of live freshwater crayfish. At the th Riek, E. F. 1951. The freshwater crayfish (family 12 IAA meeting in Augsburg, Germany, the Parastacidae) of Queensland. With an appendix issue of renewing or revising the resolution describing other Australian species. Records of was raised. It was decided at this meeting to the Australian Museum, 22: 368-388 + plates 1- conduct an inter-symposium debate on the 5. issue and to address it again at the 13th Riek, E. F. 1956. Additions to the Australian meeting in Perth, Australia. freshwater crayfish. Records of the Australian

Museum, 24: 1-6 + plate 1. At the 12th and 13th meetings, I spoke about Riek, E. F. 1959. The Australian freshwater Crus- tacea. In ―Biogeography and Ecology in Austral- recent developments in the international en- ia‖. Monographiae Biologicae (W. Junk, The vironment relating to assessing risks associ- Hague), 8: 246-258. ated with the importation of animals and/or Riek, E. F. 1967. The freshwater crayfish of West- their products. I voiced the opinion that, for ern Australia (Decapoda: Parastacidae). Aus- the IAA to achieve the aim of positively af- tralian Journal of Zoology, 15: 103-121 + plates fecting Governments to ensure the conser- 1-5. vation of freshwater crayfish and the protec- Riek, E. F. 1967. The Australian Freshwater tion of aquaculture industries, that any reso- Crayfish (Decapoda: Parastacidae). Australian/ New Zealand Meeting on Decapod Crustacea, lution from the Association should be draft- Sydney, October 24-28, 1967. 6pp. ed within the international framework in Riek, E. F. 1967. Synopsis of biological data on which biosecurity policy is developed. At the the freshwater crayfish Cherax dispar Riek. 13th meeting I was asked to write a discus- Australian/New Zealand Meeting on Decapod sion paper on addressing risks associated Figure 1. Showing a row of burrows above the water line. Crustacea, Sydney, October 24-28, 1967. 6pp. with importing freshwater crayfish. I present- Riek, E. F. 1967. The Tasmanian freshwater cray- IAA Newsletter 24 (3): 4 IAA Newsletter 24 (3): 13 er live crayfishes to restrict their move- claytoni dug from its burrow. ments until they could be dealt with back at base. Field collection of the large Euastacus has made one aware that the museum speci- After preservation, with injection with ei- mens are mainly the larger gerontic indi- ther alcohol or formalin, the specimens viduals in which many of the diagnostic were shaken vigorously to dislodge com- characters are obscured by ‗weathering‘ mensals. The sediment that collected in because such individuals rarely moult. A the bottom of the container was decanted series of different sizes will show the pro- off and preserved separately, usually in gression in the development of the spines formalin or Bouin‘s fluid. The crayfishes and bosses that give a quite different ap- were usually preserved in 70% alcohol. preciation of the species. There is also a change in the colour pattern with age. There is a wide range of commensals and parasites on crayfishes- temnocephalids, There are now restrictions on harvesting ostracods, Stratiodrilus and nematodes the large Euastacus in Australia and simi- occur in the gill cavity, different temno- lar Astacopsis in Tasmania so the week- cephalids and an annelid on the outer sur- ends camping with friends and fishing with face and a parasitic mite on the inner sur- set dip-nets in the larger rivers and then face of the branchiostegite. The annelid cooking and feasting on them are now on- Figure 2. Burrows with oval-shaped entrances marked by a square with 50 cm sides. prefers the base area around the eyes ly fond memories. and antennae where at times they occur hundreds of miles were perforated by cray- on preparations for the symposium. in such numbers that they must inhibit My first contact with a species of Engae- fish burrows about three feet (one metre) normal movements of these structures. us, the so-called land crayfishes, was in deep and usually about 18 inches (45 cm) At present we have 103 communications an alpine forest after heavy rain, while below the water line. In the winter fresh (including 48 oral presentations), with au- On my first encounter with one of the looking for the rather unique japygid in- burrows were dug higher up and these thors from: México (68); USA (29); Italy smaller temnocephalids I mistook them for sects. This forest is called the Picadilly were deserted in the summer when the (16); Australia (16); Cuba (7); Portugal (6); an unusually large Hydra- they too have a Circus in the Brindabella Ranges to the water level decreased. Finland (6); UK (6); France (4); Russia (4); terminal sucker and five oral retractile ten- east of Canberra. This inch long crayfish Chile (3); Germany (3); Poland (2); Israel tacles. was wandering in the forest not far from David Holdich (2); Spain (2); Uruguay (1); Ghana (1); the chimney leading to an underground [email protected] Brazil (1); and Colombia (1).

Euastacus claytoni is somewhat unusual. I chamber with its permanent pool of regularly fly-fished the basalt stream, the ‗sweet‘ water. Depending upon the time of CRAYFISH BOOK TO BE PUBLISHED Many people have enquired about getting McLaughlin River, where it occurs. How- year, there can be three-year groups of in- IAA member Chris Lukhaup wishes to in- Mexican pesos. I think the best way is to ever, I have never actually seen a speci- dividuals in the one communal chamber form members that his book Freshwater exchange money at any of the 24-hour men in the stream. The only specimens I all retreating into side burrows of appropri- Crayfish of the World will soon be pub- bank outlets (> 20) at the airport in Mexico have collected had to be dug out from ate size, possibly as a protective meas- lished. It contains information on all cray- City. Furthermore, this way of getting pe- above water along the stream margin. The ure. Gut contents have not been exam- fish and has photographs of more than 350 sos usually gives the best rates. presence of burrows is indicated very ob- ined but I believe that they feed in part on different species. Chris also reports that in viously by a wide bare patch surrounding plant roots penetrating to the burrows. April, along with colleagues Reinhard Right now we have a small tropical storm the entrance where the crayfish has Pekny and Werner Köstenberger from in Querétaro—so the temperature is be- cropped (eaten) the vegetation (grass). My official studies of Australian insects Austria, he visited the USA to collect cray- tween 15 and 25 C (but it‘s raining every When the burrow is dug out one observes and especially my interest in the fossil in- fish with Chris Taylor, Dan Jones and Gün- night). Participants should bring raincoats, that there is an opening into the stream sects led to studying the relationship be- ther Schuster. The group was joined by however, if the rain subsides, the tempera- below normal water level. tween the Gwondana components of Pan- Roger Thoma, James Fetzner Jr and Whit- ture could increase to 35 C. gaea. This naturally included the crayfish- ney Stocker (photos are available on Chris‘ On only one occasion have I collected (or es. Crayfishworld homepage. IAA 14 observed) an albino crayfish- not a recent- I had the opportunity to study the South ON TO MEXICO FOR IAA 14 Querétaro, Mexico ly moulted specimen but one with fully American crayfish collection in the U.S. Conference organiser Pedro Joaquin Gu- hardened cuticle. This was a specimen of National Museum with Horton Hobbs but tiérrez-Yurrita sends the following update

IAA Newsletter 24 (3): 12 IAA Newsletter 24 (3): 5 Instructions for presenters and chairpersons hering to the swimmerets under the female als of these large crayfish present in a rain- Duration for special lectures should be 45 minutes. Sture Abrahamsson Memorial Lecture and Host abdomen by hooks on the hind legs. forest stream, the Coomera River. On an Country Lecture will be in the Auditorium Fernando Díaz, University of Querétaro. In this room will be overcast misty day in spring I have seen instantaneous translation from English into Spanish and from Spanish into English depending of the language of the lecture. During my university teaching, because of this stream simply teeming with moving a restricted budget, it was necessary to col- white objects-one sees the white chelae Duration for oral communications should be 20 minutes including discussion. Slide, overhead and lect crayfish for dissection by students. This and upper carapace of the crayfish PowerPoint projectors will be available. Video System is NTSC and DVD is multiregion channel. Ven- was easy in some of the local rocky (Euastacus sulcatus). ue for oral communications will be the Sala Corregidores, Fiesta Inn Hotel. streams. The largest specimens were pre- served for student use and the smaller On another occasion, I walked along the Chairpersons are requested to meet the presenters in their session in the presentation room 15 ones cooked and eaten. highest alpine stream in Australia (the minutes prior to the start each session. Slides should be loaded at this time. There will be technical Snowy River) at night to observe the move- assistance on hand. If you require PowerPoint projection, please contact the technical assistant the day before your presentation to avoid any data loading problems. A PowerPoint and a slide projectors For preservation of the internal organs, I ments of trout by shining a strong light into will be available in a separate room for presenters to preview their presentation and slides. found it best to inject preservative into the the water and was surprised to see the nu- body cavity using a hypodermic syringe, in- merous reflections of the eyes of this small- Poster authors are kindly asked to mount their posters on Sunday or early on Monday on the allocat- itially at the base of an eye but more con- er species of Euastacus. During the day ed board in the Foyer del Salón Corregidores, Fiesta Inn Hotel. The posters should be on display until veniently at the intersegmental membrane while collecting stream insects, there was the end of the conference. During the poster sessions authors should be present at their poster. Post- between carapace and abdomen. Also, by no sign of the species (although I knew that er size should be 90 x 120cm (width x length). this method the large chelae were never it occurred in the stream).

shed.

IAA Symposium Programme During university days, I joined the Field My Master‘s thesis was based on the inver- Naturalists‘ Society (and the Entomological Monday, 5 August tebrate freshwater fauna of Queensland so Society) at Caloundra and participated in Registration I travelled widely and extended my crayfish many pleasant outings. On one occasion, I

Opening ceremony knowledge to include the species of Eu- visited the coastal heaths of south-east Pedro J. Gutiérrez, IAA 14 Organising committee astacus (and subdivided genera). Queensland during the spring flowering. Alejandro Lozano, Director of the CONCYTEQ Naturally, I combined my interest in the Glen Whisson, IAA President My first contact with these spiny crayfishes flowers with searching for aquatic crusta- Jay Huner, IAA General Manager was while hunting for small (red) land ne- ceans and insects. The only streams within

Host country lecture merteans, with their fascinating long retrac- walking distance of our accommodation Dr. Alberto Huberman, Instituto Nacional de Nutrición, México tile proboscis, in the tropical rain- forest on were minute trickles issuing from areas of the Lamington Plateau of south-eastern bog-like heath, and flowing only a very Oral session: Ecology and Biology (Chairman: Brenton Knott) Responses by Orconectes virilis to alarm odors in different habitats and possible source of the alarm Queensland. (Most nemerteans are long short distance before dropping steeply to substances. Patrizia Acquistapace, Brian A. Hazlett, Dan Rittschof, Francesca Gherardi fragile marine organisms.) I was disturbed seep through the ocean beach. This is by a loud hissing noise resembling the where I was thrilled to discover the very El cultivo de Samastacus spinifrons en Chile: Situación actual y perspectivas. Alberto Augsburger stridulating of a large scarab beetle. On small Tenuibranchiurus (what a terribly Bachmann, Dino Saltarini Cruz, Erich Rudolph Latorre looking, I was surprised to see a large Eu- long name- my apology) in the only area The influence of light on the onset of first maturity and egg laying in the crayfish Procambarus astacus sulcatus with outspread raised where I could scoop my 12 cm dip-net. (Austrocambarus) llamasi (Villalobos, 1955). Claudia Carmona-Osalde, Miguel Rodríguez-Serna, Mi- large white chelae in the defensive posture. I joined CSIRO in Canberra at the end of guel Olvera-Novoa I believe that the stridulating is made by 1945 as a biological control scientist. That Seasonal availability of Procambarus clarkii in the Tejo river basin, Portugal. Alexandra Marçal rubbing the bases of the large chelae summer I learnt to fly-fish for trout. This led Correia, Nuno Bandeira across the rough sides of the carapace. to an increased interest in freshwater or-

Microhabitat influences on distributions of three crayfishes in Ozarks streams, Missouri, U.S.A. This specimen was at least 400 metres ganisms. My field studies in entomology R. J. Distefano, M. G. McManus from permanent water and about one hun- took me to many parts of Australia. And dred metres above the level of the stream. everywhere I went I continued to collect Growth, survival and condition indices of marron (Cherax tenuimanus) fed germinated grains. Ravi Fotedar This was not the only occasion that I have crayfishes (and aquatic insects) though this

seen specimens of this species some dis- was not part of my official duties. Naturally, Oral session: Physiology and Ecophysiology (José Latournerié, Méx.) tance from the stream. therefore, I carried spirit and other preserv- Effects of binders and increasing amounts of water before drying on nutrient leaching and pellet hard- ing fluids. Also, I usually carried 2-3 cloth ness in crayfish diets. Edo D‘Agaro, Domenico Lanari One is surprised at the number of individu- soil-sample bags with tie-cords for the larg-

The effect of broodstock diet on egg and hatchling production of the eastern white river crayfish, Pro-

IAA Newsletter 24 (3): 6 IAA Newsletter 24 (3): 11 gar Riek collected continentally and pub- cambarus acutus acutus. Grant S. Blank, William H. Daniels, Joseph H. Soares Jr. My family had a property in the foothills and lished the first comprehensive taxonomic Studies on the nutrition freshwater crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens): effect of the dietary papers on the Australian crayfish, listed be- there we collected a slightly different colour protein level on growth of juvenile and pre-adult. E. Cortés-Jacinto, H. Villarreal-Colmenares, R. Cive- low. Dr Riek, a self-confessed epicurean, form of C. punctatus in the small stony ra-Cerecedo now produces vintage wines in his vineyard stream simply by turning over rocks. We cooked them on the spot on our weekend Effect of temperature and diets on the physiological energetics of Cherax quadricarinatus (von Mar- north of Canberra. Craig Lawrence & Noel tens). Gisela Escalante, Fernando Díaz, Elizabeth Sierra, Ana Denise Re Morrissy jaunts to the property. Description of the embryonic development of Cherax quadricarinatus von Martens, 1868 (Decapoda, As a country youth I spent many a week- During my university days, the family had Parastacidae), based in the staging method. Marcelo García-Guerrero, Michel E. Hendrickx, Humberto moved to the outskirts of a city (Brisbane) Villarreal end and after school on long summer after- noons ‗yabbying‘, either by turning stones but I was fortunate to be located close to a Effect of the temperature on lipids, proteins and carbohydrates variation during the embryonic devel- in the headwaters of small mountain small unpolluted stream, Moorooka Creek. opment of Cherax quadricarinatus. Marcelo García-Guerrero, Humberto Villarreal, Ilie S. Racotta

streams or by fishing with a piece of meat There was a small colony of C. punctatus Poster session on the end of string in some ponds and at the headwaters and lower down in the Querétaro sight-seeing tour dams. There we used a small dip-net made more permanent weed-infested pools and riffles a larger colony of C. dispar. The with a wire frame and mosquito net to be Tuesday 10 August stream was less than a mile long before it sure of landing the catch. Oral session: Conservation and Management (David Rogers, UK) merged with the tidal zone of a small tribu- Introducción a Colombia de los Astacoideos, Procambarus clarkii (Decapoda: Cambaridae) y Cherax Our favourite pond (for my brother and me) tary, Norman Creek, south of the Brisbane quadricarinatus (Decapoda: Parastacidae): Estado de su conocimiento y perspectivas de su aprove- was one surrounded by (introduced) wil- river. chamiento. Ricardo Álvarez-León lows and margined with patches of sedges. By this time, I was curious as to the age of The effect of broodstock stocking density on hatchling production of the eastern white river crayfish, Pro- This was a very unusual pond because it cambarus acutus acutus. William H. Daniels, Grant S. Blank harboured two distinct species, of Cherax, the very few very large specimens in the which even at that time we recognised population. So, one year I sampled the low- Oral session: Aquaculture and Biotechnology readily. There were the drab stocky Cherax er section with a fine-meshed scoop-net on Distribution of white river crayfish, Procambarus acutus acutus in a culture pond Arnold G. Eversole, Rebecca L. Pylpink, Yavuz Mazlum, Shawn Young punctatus with strong chelae and the more two occasions six months apart. I graphed delicate blue-clawed C. dispar, with marked carapace lengths and although there was Effect of trap inner funnel diameter on crawfish catch. Jay V. Huner, Jorge Espinoza

sexual dimorphism. The blue-claw cooked considerable over-lap, the males appeared Increased crayfish aquaculture productivity through genetic selection. Clive M. Jones with the better flavour. to reach sexual maturity at two years and most of the females a year later. The larg- Effect of aeration levels on the growth, survival and biomass of Cherax quadricarinatus (redclaw) juve- niles reared in ponds. José Naranjo, Humberto Villarreal est specimens appeared to be at least 10 years old. Oral session: Physiology and Ecolophysiology (Humberto Villarreal, Méx.) Influencia de la modificación de los tonos serotonérgico y octopaminérgico de Procambarus clarkii so- The other surprise was that it appeared that bre su comportamiento agonista. Elizabeth Guarneros, René Arzuffi, Eduardo Ramírez-San Juan

these oldest specimens did not moult regu- Salinity tolerance of juvenile Cherax tenuimanus. P. Lindhjem, B. Knott larly for the empty egg-shells of the ecto- commensal Temnacephala of what ap- Efecto del nivel de proteína en el alimento sobre la actividad enzimática digestiva del digestiva del he- patopáncreas de juveniles de langosta de agua dulce Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens, 1868) Sil- peared to be several generations remained verio López-López, Héctor Nolasco, Humberto Villarreal-Colmenares, Roberto Civera-Cerecedo attached to the crayfish exoskeleton. Characterization of the circadian rhythm of electrical activity in the brain of crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) induced by monochromatic light. K. Maldonado-León, B. Fuentes-Pardo At this time, I had been studying regenera- tion of lost appendages and found that Cambarellus montezumae source of macronutrients for human nutrition. Virginia Melo, Ana Maria such specimens moulted more or les regu- Amaya, Cristina Sánchez, José Salas, Norma Nogueda

larly each month. And it seemed that juve- Oral session: Review of crayfish studies (Chris Taylor, USA) niles (without any lost appendages) did A review of ten year studies on the ecophysiology and growth experiments of Cambarellus monte- much the same. (Replication was limited by zumae (Saussure ). J. R. Latournerié Cervera, A. R. Estrada Ortega

the facilities in my study.) Oral session: Genetics, Systematics and Biogeography I also hatched eggs from berried females to Analysis of the genetic variability in populations of the genera Procambarus and Cambarellus from Figure 1: Dr Edgar Reik (left) and Dr Noel Mor- central México using RAPD. José Luis Blasco, Aránzazu López Romero, Pedro J. Gutiérrez-Yurrita rissy (right) reminisce about freshwater crayfish follow the embryonic development and then collecting. Photo by Dr Craig Lawrence knew that the first two instars remained ad- Comparison between genetic and population density estimates to understand the genetic differentia- tion in recently fragmented populations of Austropotamobius pallipes. Nicolas Gouin, Catherine Souty-

IAA Newsletter 24 (3): 10 IAA Newsletter 24 (3): 7 Grosset, Anne Ropiquet, Frédéric Grandjean pean freshwaters. Brett F. Edgerton

Phylogenetic investigations of subgeneric structure in the genus Cambarus (Astacidea: Cambaridae) The relationship between Euastacus sulcatus and Temnocephala spp. (Platyhelminthes) in the Gold Megan L. Porter, Jen Flygare, Liz Sinclair, James W. Fetzner Jr., Keith A. Crandall Coast hinterland. James M. Furse, Clyde H. Wild, Aron M. Joseph

Poster session Branchial epibionts and commensal organisms of freshwater crayfishes - management implications IAA Board meeting Paula Henttonen, Jay V. Huner, Ossi V. Lindqvist

Susceptibility of Cherax quadricarinatus to white spot syndrome virus, using Litopenaeus vannamei Wednesday 7 August as a reference species. Marco Linné Unzueta-Bustamante, Raquel Silveira-Cofficny, Adela A. Prieto, •Conference field trip to Teotihuacán •Visit to the Pyramids •Conference Photograph Gabriel Aguirre-Guzmán, Marco A. Porchas-Cornejo, Ricardo Vázquez-Juárez, Luis R. Martínez- •Crayfish ancient uses forum •Risk management in aquaculture - a case study from Western Córdova, Marcial L. Lizárraga-Partida Australia, Glen Whisson •Visit to crayfish places Oral session: Ecology and Biology (Francesca Gherardi, It.) Effects of simulated drought on crawfish survival and reproduction in artificial burrows: a preliminary Thursday 8 August study. W. Ray McClain, Robert P. Romaire Sture Abrahamsson Memorial Lecture. Dr. Catherine Souty-Grosset Visual adaptations to cave life of two stygobite crayfishes comparated with an epigeal species from Oral session: Ecology and Biology (Glen Whisson, Au.) Oaxaca, México. Luis M. Mejía-Ortíz, Richard G. Hartnoll, Saul Cortés S., José A. Viccon-Pale Laboratory moult increment, frequency, and growth in Euastacus sulcatus, the Lamington spiny cray- fish. James M. Furse, Clyde H. Wild Comparative population dynamics of three sympatric Orconectes species. Charles F. Rabeni, Robert DiStefano In-stream and terrestrial movements of Euastacus sulcatus in the Gold Coast hinterland: developing and testing a method of accessing freshwater crayfish movements. James M. Furse, Neville N. Vil- Estudio del sistema sexual del parastácido de Chile Virilastacus araucanius (Faxon, 1914) lamar, Clyde H. Wild (Decapoda, Parastacidae): primeros resultados. Erich Rudolph, Alexandre Almeida

Individual and status recognition in Procambarus acutus acutus dominance. Francesca Gherardi, Wil- Sexuality in the burrowing crayfish Parastacus pilimanus (Von Martens). Erich Rudolph, Ana Verdi liam H. Daniels •Presentation for the next IAA Symposium •General Assembly •Poster session •Poster removal Social control of growth in the Australian freshwater crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus. Ilan Karplus, As- saf Barki Saturday 10 August (40 participants required)

Speculations on the ecological consequences of the spread of yabbies, Cherax destructor, Post-Conference field trip and sight-seeing (Decapoda: Parastacidae) in Western Australia. Patience Lindhjem, Jess Lynas, Andrew Storey, Bren- ton Knott Happy 30th Anniversary, IAA! REMINISCENCES OF A PIONEERING AUSTRALIAN CRAYFISH TAXONOMIST Oral session: Physiology and Ecophysiology (Fernando Díaz, Méx.) Dr Edgar F. Riek OAM DSc 1920- . Effect of photoperiod and irradiance of 24 h cycles on the heart rate and ventilation of the crayfish Pro- cambarus clarkii. J. Prieto-Sagredo, A. Farca-Luna, M. L. Fanjul-Moles The large Australian freshwater crayfish fauna was described piecemeal by various early Effect of dietary protein and lipid level on the gonad development of the freshwater crayfish Cherax ‘explorers’: e.g. Gray, Hess, Erichson, von Martens, McCulloch and Smith. However, Ed- quadricarinatus (von Martens). Hervey Rodríguez, Humberto Villarreal, Hector Nolasco, Manuel Gar- cía-Ulloa

Ecophysiolgical comparisons between two populations of dwarf crayfish Cambarellus montezumae from Querétaro during one hydrologic cycle. Carlos F. Rojas Flores, Pedro J. Gutiérrez-Yurrita CORRECTIONS TO FC VIII PAPER cus astacus in Montenegro following com- IAA member Magnus Fürst requests mem- mencement of a commercial fishery. Characterization of yolk proteins during ovary and egg development of mature female freshwater cray- bers to take note of errors in the published fish (Cherax quadricarinatus). Vania Serrano-Pinto, Celia Vazquez-Boucard, Humberto Villarreal- version of his paper: ―On the recovery of Colmenares CRAYFISH PRINTS STILL Astacus astacus L. populations after an epi- Courtship and mating behaviour of the signal crayfish P. leniusculus. Paul Douglas Stebbing zootic of the crayfish plague (Aphanomyces AVAILABLE A small number of silk screen prints are Pigment dispersing hormone entrains circadian rhythms in crayfish. M. A. Verde, A de la O-Martínez, astaci)‖, pp. 565-576, FC VIII, 1995. B. Fuentes-Pardo still available (at time of printing) from a In six cases A. leptodactylus has been limited edition of ―Cherax‖, the collage Poster session of a marron by famous Australian artist changed to P. leniusculus: p. 569 (last para- th Robert Juniper. This is the picture that Symposium banquet Revolución mexicana style banquet graph on the second line); p. 570 (5 and th th Friday 9 August 10 lines); p. 573 (5 paragraph in two cas- appears on the cover of Freshwater Oral session: Parasitology and deseases (Jay Huner, USA) es); and p. 574 (last paragraph). Crayfish 13. For more information con- Pathology of redclaw, Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens). Brett F. Edgerton tact Glen Whisson: Magnus reports that, although retired, he still [email protected] Susceptibility of the native European crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes to white spot syndrome virus: manages to do some work with crayfish—like information for assessment of the likely consequences if the virus were introduction into central Euro- following an unexploited population of Asta- IAA Newsletter 24 (3): 8 IAA Newsletter 24 (3): 9