Coroner’s Jury Workers of the World, Unite ! Clears Murderer

Of Florida Negro PUBLISHED WEEKLY IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE By Albert Parker Vol. XV - No. 47 267 NEW YORK, N. Y., MONDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 1951 PRICE: FIVE CENTS “ Give them a new trial,” ordered the U.S. Supreme Court, after Samuel Shepherd and Walter Lee Irvin were sentenced to death two years ago on a frame-up charge of “ rape” in Groveland, Lake ® Negro Looked at County, Fla. helps to uphold the rule of white oppressors and to inspire fear Girl; Charge: Rape “ I ’ll give them a new tria l •— among their victims. The monstrous conviction of with bullets instead of jurors,” Max Ingram, North Carolina FBI “INVESTIGATES” raged Sheriff Willis McCall. In Negro tenant farmer, of Gl’s in Korea Meanwhile the Department of Angered cold blooa, he shot the two of “attempted assault” on a them down, after putting them Justice, receiving indignant pro­ woman from a distance of 75 in his car to transport them to a tests from Negro and labor organ­ feet last June now has an hearing in connection with the izations, announced that it had equally grotesque sequel. new trial. Shepherd was murdered decided to “ investigate” the case. White supremacists, incensed on the spot; Irvin, critically McCall must have chuckled when at Ingram for appealing the wounded, survived only because he heard this. Because what the frameup, added a new indict­ he seemed to be dead too. FBI was going to investigate was ment of “assault with intent By U.S. Cease-Fire Stall whether or not the civil rights to rape” carrying a sentence LYNCH LAW of Shepherd and Irvin had been of 1 to 15 years. $ McCall was expressing the violated. I f the FBI should decide Ingram, who was sentenced views of the whole Jim Crow that these rights were violated, to two years solely on the Lynch-Law in Florida system — the rich Whites who then it could seek to get McCall strength of the testimony of a Want War Stopped Now; Ask had launched a reign of terror in and Yates indicted under a fed­ white girl that he “looked at Lake County in 1949 when eral law. But what Florida grand her peculiarly” is the father of Negroes living there began to jury would indict them? (An nine children, and a little Why Brass Add New Terms voice discontent w ith their peon­ effort to get a grand jury indict­ better off than the average age conditions; the Ku Klux ment of McCall two years ago Negro tenant farmer since he By Harry Frankel elements who burned down the when he beat and tortured the owns his own tools and thus homes of Negroes and drove 400 defendants had failed miserably.) gets more of the crop. Better- U.S. troops in Korea are becoming angry. They are c f them out of the community; And even if they were indicted, off Negro tenants are resented convinced the Pentagon is deliberately holding up a cease­ the police officials, who shot and what jury in Florida would by the Southern white farm fire in Korea. The soldiers are asking: Why don’t the killed one Negro for “resisting convict them? And even if they bosses. brass hats want a cease-fire now?® arrest” and tortured three others (Continued on Page 2) It seems that every time the until they signed “ confessions” of Chinese and Korean negotiators rape; the local press, which p rint­ agree to U.S. demands and make ed inflammatory demands fo r the an armistice possible, the U.S. 1,712 More death penalty; the members of Walter Irvin Describes How brass kills that possibility by American troops, impatient the lily-white jury, whose verdict adding new demands. The troops and resentful at the stalling of of guilty was so obviously biased are asking: “ Why?” U.S. brass at the Panmunjom that the Supreme Court told them This information is contained conference table, have good they would have to hold another Sheriff Shot in Cold Blood reason to desire the ending of trial. in a special dispatch to the N. Y\ Lying on a hospital bed, fighting for his life, Walter Times by George Barrett, front­ the war. The Defense Depart­ JIM CROW JURY line Korea correspondent, printed ment, in reporting another Lee Irvin told under oath how he and his fellow-prisoner, week’s Korea casualty fig­ And hecause McCall did what on Nov. 12. Samuel Shepherd, were shot down in cold blood by Sheriff ures, lists 1,712 more American the ruling class wanted, he had The dispatch begins: “ Recent boys killed, wounded, or miss­ nothing to fear. A coroner’s jury Willis McCall in Lake County, n~ developments in the negotia­ •Fla., early on the morning of didn’t say nothing. So later he ing in action, bringing the was quickly assembled. It paid no tions . . . have convinced some snatched us, he shot me again, in total thus far in the “police attention to Irvin’s hospital-bed Nov. 8. Following are extracts, troops on the fighting front that the shoulder, and s till i. didn’t action” to 99,226. report of what had happened. It reprinted from the N. Y. Post, their own commanders, for say anything at all, all that time. ignored his charge that McCall from Irvin ’s sworn testimony reasons unknown to the troops, End the slaughter! Bring the And I knew I was not dead and had shot them without provoca­ about what happened after the are throwing up blocks against troops home now! I heard him say, ‘I got rid of tion. It shut its ears to his sheriff put the two prisoners, an agreement.” A t the same time, them, I killed the sons of accusation that McCall’s deputy, handcuffed together, into his car the dispatch continues, the bitches.’ those who are the best informed James L. Yates, finding Irvin still and drove o ff to the town of Chinese - Korean negotiators are “ He ran around the car and cn what is happening at Pan- alive, had also shot him. It Tavares, fo r a scheduled hear­ being pictured by some “ con­ called the deputy sheriff on the munjona. pretended it did not know that ing on a retrial ordered by the fused” soldiers in the role of radio and I heard him say, ¿Pull The Tokyo correspondent of McCall once said he wanted to U.S. Supreme Court: peace - seekers. McCall turned the car off the around here rig ht quick. These the Christian Science Monitor, see Shepherd and Irvin “ flinch” main road, after arranging for sons of bitches tried to jump me WHY NOT NOW? fo r example, says: “ I t seems ap­ as they died, and that Yates once and I did a damn good job on parent, however, that the Com­ told Shepherd, “ Wish you all his deputy, James E. Yates, to The Times correspondent got go ahead of him in another car. them.’ munists have agreed to almost would run so that I could shoot this opinion from actual discus­ everything the UN originally the damn hell out of you.” A fter proceeding fo r a while, he “ In about 10 minutes the deputy sions among fron t - line troops. stopped the car, saying there was requested in connection with a sheriff was there. . . And the He says: "In a visit last week cease-fire line. . . To some news­ NO EXCEPTION something wrong with a tire, took deputy he shined the ligh t in my to three major United States his flashlight with him, and got man here, consequently, it seems What jury in the South ever face and he said to the sheriff, units and two smaller outfits on that when the Communists agreed out of the car. ‘That son of a bitch is not dead,’ accepts the word of a Negro over SWP $18,000 Fund Drive the front, this correspondent-sat to the original allied demands, that of a white? This jury was “ Then,” Irvin continued, “ he and then he said, ‘Let’s kill him.’ in on several ‘bull sessions.’ In came around to where Sammy the Allies then boosted their no exception. It listened with “ The deputy sheriff then point­ most of them, ranging from a demand. . . What can be gained satisfaction to McCall’s lying was sitting on the right-hand side ed the pistol on me and pulled the generals’ mess to a roadside of the car. I was sitting in the by such tactics — other than a story that the manacled prisoners trigger — snapped the trigger — Aims at 1952 Campaign troop squabble, the same ques­ delay in an armistice settlement middle. had attacked him, and to his ex­ and the gun did not shoot. tion usually came up: ‘Why don’t — is not clear.” planation: “If I was going to do “ Then he said, ‘You sons of “ So he took it around to the By M. Stein w ill clear the decks for the presi­ socialists to resist reaction is we want a cease-fire now?’ ” bitches get out and get this tire it (shoot them), I ’d have done it car lights and looked in it and The National Committee of the dential campaign and whatever put to the test. The response to This suspicion of U.S. inten­ END THE WAR! a long time ago.” And it ruled: fixed.’ I didn’t see any tires in shined the ligh t on it and then Socialist Workers Party decided special funds may have to be the $18,000 Organization and tions in the cease-fire talks ap­ What is clear, is that the “ The said shooting was justifi­ back, but we had to obey be­ something they said was about unanimously at its Plenary meet­ raised fo r that purpose. Press Fund campaign is one of pears to be increasing among American troops in Korea want cause he was the sheriff. able by reason that McCall was ietting it stay cocked. ing in New York, Sept. 1-3, to The party’s presidential cam­ these tests. U.S. troops, and fo r good to go home. They have no cause acting in line of duty and in “ So we wont to get out and “So he turned it on me again enter its own presidential ticket paign will depend in large reasons. The correspondent con­ to fight. They sec no reason for TWO MONTHS TO GO defense of his own life.” Shepherd, he takes his foot, and and pulled it and that time it in the 1952 election. This decision measure on the successful com­ tinues: “ The unadorned way that continuing the slaughter. Every put it out of the car and was fired. It went through me here means that the socialist peace pletion of the $18,000 fund cam­ The first scoreboard compiled an apparently increasing number poll of opinion in this country WHITE SUPREMACY getting out. I can’t say how quick (indicating flesh of neck) and program w ill be counterposed to paign. We are fu lly aware of the on the basis of receipts through of them see the situation right reinforces the attitude of the The "reason” had a grain of it was, but he shot him. then I began to bleed out of my the bi-partisan war program, difficulties we face. The workers Nov. 12 (see Page 2) shows pay­ now is that the Communists have soldiers in Korea: End the truth. “ Putting Negroes in their “ It was quick enough, and he mouth and nose. . . that the witch-hunt will be chal­ to whom we are appealing for ments totaling $3,641, or 20% of n a d e important concessions, Korean war now! Bring the boys turned, the sheriff did, and he place” always has been regarded “ I managed to pull through lenged by outstanding socialist funds are squeezed hard from the total amount assigned fo r the while the United Nations Com­ back home! as "line of duty” by the white had a pistol and he shot him three-month campaign. In other OJK. because I did not say any­ spokesmen. For the adherents of two sides — by exorbitant taxes mand, as they view it, continues supremacists. W-hen so - called right quick and then right quick words, one-fifth of the fund has thing and did not let them know (he Socialist Workers Party this and skyrocketing prices. But we to make more and more de­ “legal” means of doing this fail he shot me rig ht there (pointing been collected in a little less than I was not dead. decision w ill also entail much count on the devotion of our mem­ mands . . . the United Nations or take too long, the law of Jim to the right side of his chest). . . “ And some people came, there arduous work in placing the party, bers and friends to make the one-third the time. This means tntce team has created the im ­ Opposition Stays Crow always winks its eye at the He snatched both of us and that w'as lots of people there. . . I on the ballot in various states fund campaign a success because that party branches which have pression that it switches its employment of other means. threw both of us on the ground. heard some remarks that, ‘He despite all the electoral laws we know they fully appreciate its made a slow start w ill have to stand whenever the Communists Anything is “justifiable” if it “ Then I didn’t say anything. I Solid as Dockers ought to have been, dead a long rigged against minority parties. political necessity. exert themselves more in the indicate they might go along wdth remaining two months of the time ago.’ ” But we know it will be done it.” TEST FOR SOCIALISTS campaign. The arrival of witnesses saved willingly because of the over­ The Times correspondent then Return to Work riding need to challenge the The National Committee deci­ That the campaign can be a Irvin’s life. But his testimony goes on to blame the growing By Frank Faber was completely ignored by the ruinous course of American sion to enter a presidential ticket success is indicated by the fact suspicion among the soldiers THE EISENHOWER BOOM in 1952 and to launch the $18,000 NEW YORK — The longest authorities. They did not even try capitalism in the coming election. that some branches are ahead of upon the U.S. information dock strike in New York history to check the three bullets that In preparation fo r the election Organization and Press Fund schedule. Newark and Akron are policies, which have restricted ended last Friday when rebel struck Irvin to find out if they campaign, the SWP National campaign have the same essen­ even past the half-way mark. The news on the talks so that “ the longshoremen voted to return to AND THIRD WORLD WAR came from the same pistol, or to Committee decided unanimously tial motivation — to build a scoreboard compiled on the basis Communist versions of the meet­ work after keeping the port tied determine if there was anything to launch a three-month $18,000 movement of resistance against of receipts through Nov. 12 in­ ings and proposals often have By George Clarke up for 25 days. The men voted to defective about the pistol that fund campaign which began capitalist reaction. The more dicates that the campaign is been the only versions available.” go back in a body, with their The tempest in a teacup stirred up over Eisenhower’s fired the last shot. A ll that in­ October 1'5. This fund w ill provide powerful this reaction, the more under way in earnest. We are This is a feeble excuse, as is strike-built organization intact, recent mysterious visit with Truman provided material terested them w'as absolving Mc­ lo r the functioning of the party sacrifice is required to build confident that the branches which shown by the fact that the confident they had gained a vic­ Call of his crime as fast as and the regular appearance of resistance to it. I t is in times are lagging behind w ill catch up suspicion of U.S. motives is for a lot of sensational newspaper headlines. Yet the tory in the long struggle to rid the press fo r the year 1952. It like these that the ability of in the coming weeks. widespread particularly among newspapers scarcely appreciate®- possible. the waterfront of the parasites how sensational is the question Here then is sensation Number and gangsters led by “ King” Joe of whether or not the gen­ One of the Eisenhower affair. It Ryan, lifetime president of the reveals at a glance to the whole eralissimo of the allied counter­ AFL, International Longshore­ country the hoax of the two party men's Association. revolutionary armies will run for system. I t show's that those who President of the United States in They had forced Ryan, to bow know this better than anyone else Wage Board Blocks 10,000 Pay Cases to an investigation by a State the 1952 elections. In any case, are the politicians of the parties they did not disclose its real Fact-finding Board set up to themselves. The political wheel- By Cy Thomas fo r approval of benefits com­ the rate of change. This involved fessed, “ it seems peculiar to say the employer comes around once probe the Ryan dictatorship and significance to their readers. Let monly enjoyed. I t has piled the skillful use of delay. . . The to labor and management, as again and says that even though horses calculate that their parties Ten thousand wage cases lie waterfront gangsterism. The men us take up where they le ft off. are so discredited in the eyes of mountains of rules, regulations use of delay as a stabilization Congress has said: ‘Go ahead and he signed the agreement, he buried in Truman’s graveyard of returned after the Board had The Eisenhower “ boom” has the people — a fact that has been and complicated bureaucratic technique is a subtle process bargain collectively. Strikes are signed it during a strike and promised to conduct an inquiry requiring the most skillful ad­ sent shivers down the spines of concealed up to now by the grievances. That is the figure procedures upon American col­ still lawful. But after you’ve requests the Board not to approve into waterfront conditions and to the politicians of both major absence of a labor party — that given by Joseph Beirne, labor lective bargaining.” ministrator. The series of steps agreed on a wage increase, the agreement because it is in­ review the demands of the rebels by which decision on the request parties. On the face of it, i t seems a glamorous unknown without a representative on the Wage There is method to their maybe the government w ill let flationary.” that the union contract negotiat­ to change the Little Steel a curious thing. Why should they program but speaking vaguely Stabilization Board, in a speech madness! These stalling tactics you put it into effect, and maybe And that, my friends, is palmed ed by Ryan be reopened. be worried about competition from about “the higher interests of last week before the CIO con- were perfected by Roosevelt’s formula was prolonged played a it won’t.’ ” It certainly is “rather off as “free” collective bargain­ a man who has been a profes­ the nation” and of America’s \ontion dealing with the “back­ “stabilization” experts during significant role in the wartime peculiar” ; in fact, it’s a down­ ing, under the “ free” enterprise MADE RYAN CRINGE sional soldier all his life, with no “world responsibilities” W'ould be log” of cases now before the World War it to “hold-the-line” wage stabilization program. . . right fraud! system, in this, the home of the Strike leader John Dwyer, ad­ publicly known political record, swept into office with a landslide Board. against labor’s attempts to crack A good deal of stabilization was THE DOUBLE SHOT brave and the land of the freeze dressing the mass meeting that with no party machine built up victory. W ith new cases piling up each the wage-freezing Little Steel delay, or more accurately, simply — wages, that is. voted to end the strike, declared: over the years to back him up? slow motion.” day, Beirne charged that every formula. Emil Rievc, president of the Pressure is mounting on the “ We’ve won 100 percent by seeing Yet, it is apparent that Eisen­ THE REAL ISSUE In case the labor leaders don’t effort made by the labor mem­ Textile Workers Union, also a labor leaders. The WSB was Joe Ryan cringe.” One of the hower could have either the There is an even more im ­ THE SLOW DOWN know ■ it, they are now getting bers of the Board to speed WSB labor member of the WSB, scorched by searing blasts of con­ longshoremen summed up the Republican or the Democratic portant reason for the Eisen­ Professor John P. Dunlop, a another dose of the “ slow- procedure has been stymied by described how “ free” collective vention oratory. But CIO policy attitude of the rebels when he nomination just for the asking. hower nightmare in political labor relations authority and now motion” treatment. The whole those w.ho take a “ keen delight bargaining works under Tru­ is to stick with the Board and said: “ We’ve gotten an organ­ circles. I t is the issue his can­ public member of the WSB, wage stabilization program is The important politicians of in dragging their feet so that man's stabilization hoax. “ You concentrate on breaking through izational start, stirred up this old didacy would raise. It w'ould be a summed up the “ stabilization” designed to cripple labor’s efforts both parties are s till against him months and months go by and see,” said Rieve, “ the employer the present wage-freezing for­ cesspool they call our union, and real one, the realest and grim ­ technique in an article published to keep up with the rising cost as a candidate but they are con­ no relief is given to the workers gets two shots against our one. mula. I f the CIO succeeds in started a ferinent that w ill even­ mest that the American people in the U.S. Department of Labor of, living. vinced that no one could defeat whose cases are before us.” By that I mean that when the forcing an upward revision in the tually blow the lid off the whole ever faced: the issue of war. The Bulletin, titled “Problems and Like the rest of Truman’s him for the nomination if he worker goes on strike and if that WSB formula, it is a foregone rotten mess.” anti-Eisenhower candidate could THE CIO RESOLUTION Policies of Dispute Settlement “stabilizers,” Nathan P. Fein- threw his hat in the ring and that strike is lost the employer defeats conclusion that higher pi-ices w ill There is a new spirit on the conceivably dodge the question — and Wage Stabilization During singer, chairman of the WSB, he would be a sure winner in the The CIO resolution on “ Wage the workers, and that is the end follow and the merry-go-round New York waterfront today. Men although it would be no easy World War II.” In outlining the was a guest speaker at the CIO Presidential race itself. In fact it Stabilization and Equality of of the story. But if the workers w ill continue unless labor breaks cherish their picket cards as a is not unlikely that there would matter — but could not keep peo­ Sacrifice,” adopted unanimously •tactics employed, Prof. Dunlop convention. He was there to con­ go on strike and they win, their badge of honor. They went back completely with the “slow- be no major opposition to Eisen­ ple from rallying in bitter, by the convention, complains that says: vince the delegates that the victory cannot be enjoyed by determined to build for the hower if he ran; he would be the determined opposition and hatred the WSB “ bas insisted upon the “ One of the principal objectives unions still enjoy “ free” collective them. They must go to the Board motion” Wage Stabilization future. And this bodes no good candidate of both parties. (Continued on page 3) endless submission of applications of stabilization is to slow down bargaining. Of course, he con­ and get it approved and there Board. for Ryan and his gang. Page Two THE MILITANT Monday, November 19,1951 Notebook of an Agitator CIO Cold to Wage Freeze Sailor Fights Expulsion CHURCH AND STATE From SUP; Hits Scabbing It s a fa irly safe bet that President Truman Catholic aggression and the Protestant uproar, didn’t know exactly what he was doing when he Congress adjourned without acting on the ap­ By Carl Swanson the testimony of Joe Matson. He made a fantastic remark. If announced his decision to send a U.S. ambassador pointment of General Clark as America’s ambas­ SEATTLE — The trial of John testified that he had been a mem­ John Mahoney, he said, had to the Vatican, nominating General Mark W. sador to the Pope. The issue remains in doubt Mahoney for reinstatement in ber of the union since 1910. That asked his question in a bar Clark to the post. Inhibited by training and con­ as the controversy rages from one end of the the Sailors Union of the Pacific after San Francisco, headquarters instead of a union meeting, he stitutional disposition from seeing anything more country to the other. moved through its second week of the union, took action against would not have been placed on important or farther in the future than the next In some respects the conflict has the aspects of with the plaintiff, Mahoney, rest­ the Seattle branch fo r its support charges. This remark can only election, he probably thought he was just firing a religious war which can have profound conse­ ing and the SUP beginning their of Mahoney, he became chairman be interpreted to mean that if o ff a cap pistol to attract 'the Catholic vote in quences fo r good and evil. But it is more than case. of the Seattle branch Emergency you have disagreements on ques­ 1952. He didn’t know it was loaded. that. A ll the people of this country who cherish The Mahoney Court case comes Committee. He was ordered down tions of union policy the proper But the recoil cf the gun and the noise of the the freedoms they have inherited have a stake as an aftermath of his illegal ex­ to San Francisco to stand trial place to ask such questions is explosion leave no doubt about it. The shot heard in the controversy. The leadership of this fight pulsion from the union for ques­ fo r his actions. There they fined not in the union hall but in some ’round the country has had results undreamt of belongs by right to the labor movement, fo r the tioning the policy of the scabby him $500 and placed him on ten saloon. Policy making, according in the philosophy of the Pendergastian politico trade unions cannot live and breathe without CIO coldness to the wage freeze is reflected in President Lundeberg leadership in breaking year probation. to the union bureaucrats, is the in the White House. A bitter controversy, long freedom from the control of both church and Philip Murray’s aloof expression as Office of Price Stabilization the Canadian Seamen’s Union Judge McDonald, who was busy monopoly right of the Lundeberg smoldering, has burst into a flame that brings state. They w ill not escape eventual involvement, director Michael V. DiSalle (le ft) chats with Manly Fleisch- strike in 1949. taking notes, sat straight up in clique. both heat and light into American politics. Sides although the entire leadership is trying to evade mann, administrator of the National Production Authority, at Witnesses fo r Mahoney in­ his chair and shouted: “ What did The defense introduced The are being chosen fo r a fight.. In my opinion, it’s the issue in craven silence. The simple truth is the national CIO Convention in New York. cluded Ketchell, Kollentz, Paff, you say?” When Matson repeated Defender, the paper put out by a good fight worth joining in. this: The labor skates are afraid of the Catholic Bayspool, Maloney and Joe Mat- his statement the judge asked him the Seattle branch after Ma­ Church, whose cardinals and bishops are already son, all supporters of the demo­ how old he was. When Matson honey’s expulsion. They tried to The First Amendment reaching out for control of the unions. Woe to cratic rights of John Mahoney, told him 67, the judge, a man use the articles of that paper to “ Congress shall make no law respecting an the American labor movement if they succeed! FORD LOCAL 600 IRGES and all except Matson expelled around the same age, seemed prove that Mahoney and his sup­ establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free for their support. They testified visibly shaken. porters were against the union. exercise thereof.’’ So reads the first clause of the Opium of the People on various phases in the fight for The Sailors Union is attempt­ However, the defense witnesses, first amendment to the U.'S. Constitution, adopted We Marxists are by definition alien and hostile democratic unionism against the ing to show that Mahoney’s ques­ Tillman, Coester, Johnson, Weis- FIGHT ON AUTO LATOFFS tion, “ Who gave the pie-cards the barth are all pie-cards, ex-pie- Under the pressure of the people to protect their to each and every form of religious superstition. Lundeberg dictatorship. rig ht to order men through the cards or -would-be pie-cards and rights and freedoms. The meaning of this con­ We believe with Marx that religion is the opium DETROIT, Nov. 11 — Several thousand members of The high light of the oase was stitutional provision is quite clear to all who of the people; and we are not Marxists, not Canadian’s Seaman’s Union picket are a confirmation of the article have no special interest in muddling it. It is the genuine socialists, if we do not say so openly, UAW Ford Local 600 roared approval at a mass meeting line?” was a provocative ques­ in The Defender, called The Ma­ doctrine of “the separation of church and state.” regardless of whether our opinion is popular or here when President Carl Stellata called on Walter Reuther L. A. City Council tion. That Mahoney was in con chine, which described the type It means that all religions must operate on not. Our business is not to save souls for another to join in a common struggle to 3> spiracy with outside forces of bureaucrats, who comprise the their own; that no church is entitled to a world, but to tell the truth about this one. What solve the growing problem of un over a year, but that these against the SUP. That over a Lundeberg machine. privileged position as fa r as the state is con­ then, have revolutionary socialists to do with this employment in the auto industry. predictions are of little comfort Witch Hunters period of years, Mahoney had op­ A victory for John Mahoney cerned, and has no rig ht to financial support controversy between the churches? Plenty. Conservative estimates place the to workers walking the streets. posed the official policy of the will be a victory against not only from public funds. Congress is specifically enjoin­ The U.S. Constitution in some of its sections number of unemployed auto work­ He urged Reuther to stop his SUP. the Lundeberg clique, but also ed from “making any law” which infringes this ers at 150,000 w ithin the next attacks on Local 600, and instead ‘Probe’ Art Show Tanner, the SUP attorney, against all labor dictatorships. sanctifies private property in the means of produc­ By Louise Manning principle. That is how the people of this country tion. This must be abolished fo r the good and several months. of looking for solutions to the have understood the first article of the Bill of welfare of the people, and the future Workers’ Stellato pointed out that manufacturers’ problems, to join LOS ANGELES — Reminiscent of the book - burning days of Rights; and that is how the highest courts have Government w ill make the necessary constitu­ “ crystal ball gazers” like C. E. in a united fight for $60 weekly interpreted it up to now. tional changes. But in my opinion, one part of Wilson and Reuther have been unemployment compensation. H itler, and amid charges of “ red” ¿18,000 FUND SCOREBOARD A ll religions claim to operate under the sanc­ the present Constitution w ill stand; that is the predicting labor shortages for The unemployment problem is influence, the City Council of Los tion of the Alm ighty; and with this unlimited first ten amendments (the B ill of Rights) in especially sharp at the Ford Angeles opened an investiga­ Branch Quota Paid Percent o o power on their side they should have no need of general, and the first amendment in particular. Rouge plant, where over 20,000 tion of the city-financed .art ex­ Newark •tjO $ 275 55 material reinforcement from human institutions The revolutionary people w ill have no reason 'to have been laid o ff in the last hibition in the Greek Theater on Akron 150 80 53 such as the state in their business of saving strike out or alter that. On the contrary, believ­ V.R. Dunne Talk year, Stellato said. This is partly October 23. They based the need St. Paul-Minneapolis 1,000 444 44 souls. The authors of the first amendment, how­ ing in and needing democracy and freedom, they due to the runaway shop policy for an investigation on letters Chicago 1,000 411 41 ever, clearly indicated that the people could not w ill treasure it and guard it. by which Ford is, in practice, which were said to have been sent Pittsburgh 50 20 40 trust any church to limit itself to spiritual The first amendment to the Constitution is our On Britain Opens using taxpayers’ funds to build in by many people. Milwaukee 250 98 39 pursuits and rely entirely on supernatural favor. amendment; and we must defend it tooth and nail new plants in low wage areas. As evidence of “ communist in ­ F lin t 350 118 34 They all had to be restrained by constitutional against all aggressions, whether secular or religi­ Stellato said that the interna­ filtration” the charge was made St. Louis 100 30 30 fiat from seeking mundane advantages at the ous. It seems to me not accidental at all that the Twin Cities Forum tional union, which has offered that artists in the traditional Connecticut 75 20 27 expense of rival claimants to the divine certificate authors of the amendment linked freedom of By Winifred Nelson little cooperation up to now, classification “had been frozen Youngstown 350 90 26 of authority. Hence the amendment requiring the worship with free speech and free press in the should join with Local 600 in cut” and all the prizes given to Los Angeles 2,600 610 23 MINNEAPOLIS, November 9— the exponents of modern art, and Seattle 400 82 21 separation of church and state. same sentence. Thereby they clearly indicated The Twin Cities branches of the filing suit in court to stop the that the whole thing had a gen­ Philadelphia 400 58 15 that religion is to be considered a matter of Socialist Workers Party tonight movement of jobs from the Must Resist Encroachment opinion in which each individual is free to choose, Rouge. I f this move were to fail, eral smattering of radicalism. Buffalo 1,000 135 14 opened their regular winter forum A t a hearing held in the Coun­ New York 5,000 692 14 This doctrine has been subject to persistent and by no means a revelation binding upon series with a talk titled “ What he urged strike action by all cil Chambers, testimony of many Boston 550 63 11 encroachment in recent years by the one religious everybody. Moreover, “freedom of worship” Next for British Labor” by V. R. Ford plants. institution in this country which doesn’t believe implies also freedom of non-worship. That's the specialists in the field was un­ Cleveland 300 32 11 Dunne, National Labor Secretary THE SPEEDUP animously of the opinion that the Detroit 1,500 138 •9 a word of it. The Roman Catholic Church, here freedom I am exercising and I would surely hate of the SWP. and now as everywhere and always, wants to lose it. Another and more fundamental Municipal A rt Commission had San Francisco 1,000 45 5 Comrade Dunne traced the his­ factor affecting employment cited done its best to present a rep­ Allentown 75 0 0 temporal as well as spiritual power. They claim tory of the British Labor Party, the exclusive reservation of all places in heaven, Side of the Angels by Stellato is “ the terrific speedup resentative exhibition and to have Oakland 150 0 0 emphasizing that their “ loss” in 0 0 but they want the real estate and money of this Under this interpretation of the first amend­ brought about by the introduction the prizes awarded by an im­ Toledo 50 the recent elections was really a of technological improvements, partial jury. General 1,150 200 17 world too. By various devices and subterfuges ment, free thinkers and atheists, heathens and gain in the popular vote, and a they have been trying, with unwavering per­ public sinners, who are very numerous in this new production methods, processes This testimony, however, did “ tremendous victory fo r the left and machines.” Stellato, advocat­ not deter many councilnien from Total through Nov. 12 $18,000 $3,641 20 sistence and increasing boldness, to get into a country, have had a chance to breathe and spread wing of Aneurin Bcvan in the preferred position to regulate public morals by ing the 30-hour week with 40-hours passing judgment on works of enlightenment without fear of the dungeon and Labor Party.” police methods and to dip into public funds to the rack. The first amendment has been a protect­ pay as the answer to technologi­ art, although it was obvious they support their religious schools. ing shield for the Children of Light and has Discussing England’s part in a cal unemployment, blasted the did not know what they were talking about. Their campaign for special privileges has enabled them to make their great contributions Third World War, the speaker labor leaders who were elected as received a tremendous impetus from the presi­ to literature, art and science. A breach in this said: “ Victory in the Second favoring a 30-hour week but who “ One prize - winning exhibit dent’s decision. The constitutional doctrine of the provision of the Constitution, leading to its World War meant for Britain opposed it as “unrealistic” as even boldly displayed a hammer separation of church and state is directly under only a steady and precipitous soon as they got into office. and sickle,” declared Council eventual repeal, would be an unspeakable calamity Fourteen more renewal sub­ doing routine work,” he writes. attack in this proposal. Some protest by the aiding and strengthening the forces of reaction decline because the United States The audience hooted and laugh­ President Harold Henry. He was scriptions from F lint this week “ Our best is yet to come.” Protestant clergy was no doubt expected by Tru­ is taking over what remains of ed as Stellato called attention to considerably chagrined when in­ and obscurantism here and all over the world. put them well ahead of all other New Haven Literature Agent man and his advisors. But the unanimity, the the capitalist world for Wall Reuther’s statement that the 30- formed that what appeared to be The Protestant clergymen are “ on the side of branches. Literature Clara Raymond writes to order fervor, and even the fury of this Protestant the angels” in this dispute, and all friends of Street. A Third World War would hour week would be useful only a hammer and sickle painted on Agent Fred Perry extra copies of the Nov. 12 issue counter-attack has upset the apple cart. Frozen enlightenment and progress owe them unstinting bring total destruction to Britain after the workers had all the the sail of a boat in one of the reports that nearly of The M ilitant containing the with fear over the political implications of the support. — J. P. C. ar well as many other countries things they needed. oil paintings was actually the of the world.” insigne of a certain type of sail everyone is out first article in the Sam Adams Local 600 went on record in boat. getting Militant re­ series by H arry Frankel. “ We The audience of workers, house­ favor of a resolution for a 30- The religious scruples of an­ newals. “ Our cam­ want to do some special work wives and university students hour week with 40-hours pay other councilman were apparently paign is running with, this series, especially on the .stayed to take part in the ques­ which was presented to the na­ tion period. offended. Describing a modern­ along nicely,” he campus,” she writes. tional CIO Convention by the CIO writes, “ and besides Literature Agent Jane Sebastian Letters from Readers Next meeting in this series on istic piece of sculpture (which Woodworkers last week. getting subs we’re sends in some subs gained during current national and interna­ was supposed to represent the making closer con­ San Francisco’s recent election many longshoremen would find w riting an indelible page in the tional problems w ill be held at crucifixion) as being sacrilegious Striking Dockers tact with old and campaign. Two subs were sold at themselves out of a job. One ledgers of m ilitant working class 8:00 P.M. Friday, November 23, and looking like a sick frog, he new friends. Many their Myra Tanner Weiss meet­ And keeping Joe' worker expressed his resentment tradition by fighting for their with Dorothy Schultz speaking on Coroner’s Jury said to the mayor: “ You’re a of this clause as follows: “ I ’ve Christian man, you can’t defend of these people w ill be friendly ing. Jane reports an enthusiastic Editor: The striking East Coast demands regardless of, in spite “ The Road to Peace.” Meetings been out of the army for five this kind of thing.” The mayor in our coming presidential elec­ response to The M ilitant on the longshoremen know what they of, and in head-on conflict with, are held in SWP state head­ years and have gone through Clears Murderer agreed that be did not like it, tion campaign.” part of a new' reader who want! They have thrust aside the a corrupt leadership, the bosses quarters at 10 S. 4th Street, two strikes. Now they want to but remembering that he was not attended the meeting and ex­ dictates of a corrupt leadership and their capitalist government Minneapolis. (Continued from Page 1) New York’s renewal work has take away what we fought for.” elected to office because of his pressed his appreciation of the with a surge of unity hitherto agents. were convicted, the heaviest been delayed by their election On the strike scene the police opinions on art said, “ I wouldn’t accurate information and lucid unknown in their ranks. They Tom Leonard punishment they would face under campaign, but Literature Agent are again employing strike­ have picked it, but I wouldn’t reporting of The Militant to a have made known their just New York City the federal civil rights law would George Rock says that “ now that breaking tactics. One anti-labor deny the right of the jury to friend. “ You’ve just got to read demands and flung them in the be one year in jail! the campaign is over we are newspaper praises the “ disci­ Akron NAACP make such a selection.” this paper. You’re just blind be­ face of the bosses “ over, around, The FB I does not hesitate to be ready to go to work on renewals. pline” of the mounted police as His Honor the Judge When Stalin began to make a fore you read The M ilitant.” “flexible” about the law when it Our campaign subs are just and through” the sell-out deals they “herd” Ryan’s strikebreak­ mockery of art in the Soviet Helen S., Acting Literature of “ Weeping Joe” Ryan. Was Once a Lawyer Protests Against comes to wiretapping, mail­ beginning to expire and we don’t ers through the picket line. The Union by telling people what to Agent for Minneapolis, sends in a opening, arrests without warrant, intend to let any grass grow They refuse to yield to the^ hardships and deprivations of Editor: I was amused and felt write, how to paint and what kind sub fo r the Deephaven Junior and so on. But it always pleads under our feet. Last Sunday wiles of mediation boards, the quite gratified in reading the of music to compose, the capital­ Class. The class wants The M ili­ the strikers are expressed in the Jim Crow Charity “lack of jurisdiction” when it Johnny and Jeff sold .38 M ilitants pressure of police brutality, and article entitled A Petition for ist press in the United States tant as a source of information quiet words of a young long­ By L. Cooper comes to punishing mob terror and five copies of the new the lying accusations of the shoreman, “ I t ’s not so hard on H arry Gross, written by J. P. C. assumed an air of righteous in­ on current events and to help and lynch violence. Not only pamphlet ‘The Road to Peace’ at capitalist press. me, but it ’s tough fo r the guys in The M ilitant of Oct. 1. The AKRON — The Akron Na­ dignation. In contrast to the them in an “ approach to the un­ Florida “justice,” but federal law an election forum at the Com­ “Re - open negotiations for a with a fam ily and two or three article shows that the crimes of tional Association for the Ad­ Soviet Union the United States derstanding of world and national too, is rigged in favor of the munity Church. On the same day new contract before going back the judge, in his methods of at­ vancement of Colored People has was pictured as the last refuge problems.” kids.” Negro people’s enemies. Calvin celebrated his birthday by to work” is their slogan, and they As cargoes pile up and ships tempting to get a conviction demanded that civic funds, to be of the artist, the one place left H. C. sends in an order fo r collected in a two week drive going out and selling a subscrip­ refused to accept any phony lie idle at their berths, the press were worse than those of the NEED MASS ACTION in the world where the artist was tion to The M ilitant.” Sales to extra copies of the Oct. 22 issue starting November 26, be with­ of The Militant. He writes, “The compromise. spews forth its filthy tirade petty racketeer, H arry Gross, I f Truman and the Department free to develop his ideas without students continue to be good, held from the Florence Crittenden editorial on an independent labor The Ryan contract calls fo r the against the strike, and sheds who apparently is taking the rap of Justice really wanted to get interference. In this, as in other George says. Home for unwed mothers and the policy is the best thing I have cutting down of men employed tears of regret fo r the huge fo r those higher up. There are into this case to crack down on matters, we cannot escape the Kate Waller Barrett Home for Milwaukee Literature Agent read in a long time, and I want in working gangs. Not only profits being lost by big business. some facts, however, which were the anti - Negro terrorists, they conclusion that it’s just another “ delinquent young women.” B ill Crane sent in four renewals to give copies to some of my labor would these smaller gangs be ex­ The strikers have no publication omitted from the article, either could find plenty of laws and case of the pot calling the kettle piecard friends.” pected to complete the same o f their own to speak fo r them through oversight, or lack of In a letter to the United precedents to do so. But they black. this week. “ As yet we are just amount of work (another phase but their action speaks volumes acquaintance with the back­ Foundation which is sponsoring plainly don’t want to. That is “ one big civic fund drive a year,” of the speed-up system), but to workers everywhere. They are ground. why the labor, liberal and Negro Judge Leibowitz does not come Rev. Munnerlyn, local president movements must get into the to the public in his regal robes of NAAOP, pointed out that “the case themselves and exert their two Homes are notorious fo r their of Justice with clean hands. Be­ pressure to end the violence fore he became a judge, he was discrimination practices in Akron. against the Negro people and the a noted criminal lawyer, who You should refuse to aid them, Jim Crow system that breeds that pulled out all stops in getting unless they are w illing to under­ violence. TH E R O A D acquittals for his clients. From take a policy of opening their the bottom to the top of doors. . .” gangland, he was known as “ the The Florence Crittenden Home Emancipator” fo r the under­ is the only home for unwed Newark Fri. Night world. He has an amazing record, mothers in Akron and has been T O P E A C E and used to boast that he never consistently supported in the past Socialist Forum lost a case. In fact, it has been by the Community Chest. The Community Chest is one of the rumored that he was appointed presents a lecture on by James P. Cannon judge in defense against the Agencies that w ill receive funds racketeers. So we see he is just this year from United Foundation. The Future Single Copy 25c 5 Copies $1.00 as able on one side of the fence A few months ago, the daily as on the other. Some day, when Beacon Journal carried articles of (Postage included) these judicial figures can be exposing the discriminatory policy American Capitalism properly investigated, and their of these Homes. Now, in their political clubs are no longer there ballyhoo fo r the proposed “ unified Speaker: Order from to shield them, the history of His fund drive,” this newspaper lists Honor will put into the pale all the Community Chest as a pro­ Michael Bartell PIONEER PUBLISHERS the trite mystery novels of posed recipient, without remind­ crimedom that are now selling ing its readers that the C rit­ Fri., Nov. 23, at 8:30 116 University Place New York 3, N. Y. like hotcakes. tenden and Barrett Homes are at 423 Springfield Avenue Sam Stern recipients of Community Chest Los Angeles funds. Page f la w THE MILITANT Published "Weekly In the Interests of the W orking People Egyptians Urge British Boycott THE MILITANT PUBLISHING ASSOCIATION 110 University PI., N. Y. 3, N. Y. Phone: AL G-7400 Arms Program Plunges Britain, Editor: GEORGE BREITMAN Business Manager: JOSEPH HANSEN Subscription: $2 per year: $1 for 6 months. Foreign: S3.30 per year: $2 for 0 months. Bundle Orders (3 or more copies): 3c each in U.S.. 4c each in foreign countries. France Into Economic Disaster Signed articles by contributors do not necessarily represent The M ili­ tant's policies. These are expressed In its editorials. By John G. Wright "Bntei'ed as second class matter March 7, 1{>44 at the Post Office capitalists both in Britain and Even with the “ sterling area piles” for the arms program that at New York, X. Y.t under the uctof March 3, 1870.” The economic consequences of abroad by surprise. Up to the countries,” that is, those within has shaken the tottering British the arms program imposed by the turn of this year, British gold (he Empire pool, Britain’s lia­ economy to its foundations. The Vói. XV - No. 47 Monday, November 19, 1951 U.S. upon Western Europe have and dollar reserves had been bilities, which were previously extra cost of these war materials, made themselves felt, with growing. The original British being reduced, have again been which have been bought at top disastrous force, even before this economic survey envisaged a rising. Last June these liabilities prices since Korea, is officially program has gone fu lly into trade deficit of not more" than in free sterling funds held on fo r­ estimated at not less than a bil­ Legal Lynchers effect.. Britain and France have $280 million in 1961. Actually, it eign accounts in London passed lion dollars; the actual costs have been the hardest hit thus far. has turned out nine to ten times the $12 billion mark, a new peak. been unquestionably far higher. When a Florida sheriff shot down two handcuffed On Nov. 7 the Chancellor of the as large. Gravest of all in this connec­ In any case, the cost of rearm­ Negro prisoners on Nov. 8, Dr. Channing Tobias, an Amer­ Exchequer of Churchill’s new When the trade deficit soared tion is the fact that the gold and ing accounts for the bulk of ican Negro, was sitting in Paris as a member of the Tory government told the House in the third quarter of this year, dollar reserves of the whole Britain’s current Urade deficit, as U.S. delegation to the United Nations. If Tobias had acted of Commons that Britain was it was confidently predicted that sterling bloc have been dwindling. they must continue in the future. as the Negro people wanted him to, he would have taken facing “the danger of national the rise was entirely due to For example, Malaya, the largest bankruptcy.” Unless some way “ temporary causes” and that the single supplier of dollar balances FRENCH ECONOMY HIT the floor and used it to denounce this atrocity. But Tobias out is found quickly, “ we shall, end of the year would bring im­ shows this year no dollar France has fe lt even more did nothing of the sort; tne only reason Negroes are ap­ in fact, be bankrupt, idle and provements. Instead the situation balance whatever owing to the sharply the effects of the arms pointed to the UN delegation is to “ prove” that racial pre­ hungry,” he said. sharply turned fo r the worse. In suspension of American buying program and the inflationary judice is vanishing in the U.S. and to “ disprove” the Every feature of this unfolded the month of October alone the of Malayan tin and rubber. chain reaction connected with it. charges of Jim Crow that the Stalinist delegates invaria­ crisis has been cited by Churchill British reserves dropped by one- In addition, the countries of the The French people have already and his Ministers except its third of a billion dollars because sterling bloc, India, Pakistan, been told that France rmist Carrying banners demanding boycotting of British goods, bly use to refute Washington’s pretense that it is the primary cause — Britain’s arms of the growing trade deficit. The Ceylon and even Australia have proportionately make even more Egyptians hold demonstration in Cairo streets. Recalling that champion of democracy. program which calls for ex­ loss of gold and dollar reserves been building up their own gold drastic cuts in imports than several of their countrymen were shot down by British soldiers, penditures of four and a half in the previous three months and dollar reserves, instead of Britain. The French trade deficit Later Tobias held a press conference and assured re­ the paraders announce that each piaster spent on British goods billion dollars annually for the amounted to $598 million, the leaving them in London. The is more acute than Britain’s ahd porters that American Negroes are “ making progress to-, is “a bullet in the heart of an Egyptian.” ward full equality despite occasional lynchings, discrimi­ next three years. There w ill be no largest on record. flig h t of capital from the pound her gold and dollar reserves are reduction in rearmaments. A ll the has already reached alarming sinking even faster. It is only a nation and segregation.” cuts are to be made instead at LARGE TRADE DEFICIT proportions. question of time before the rest That has become the favorite theme of apologists the expense of the food, clothing The suddenness and steepness Several subsidiary factors ag­ of the Western European coun­ for the Jim Crow system. “ Look,” they say, “ in the year and shelter of the British people. of this decline would be grave gravate Britain’s fiscal difficul­ tries become engulfed by this 1921 there were 64 lynchings, in 1933 there were 28, and THE EISENHOWER BOOM National bankruptcy, hunger enough by itself, but i t is ac­ ties, such as the maturing of the crisis. since 1940 there have never been more than six per year. and unemployment are not merely companied by several other new loan repayments to the U.S. of An unforeseen situation has been “ threats,” as the Tories pretend. features. Among these new de­ which the first installment of created, in the first instance fo r Isn’t that proof of progress?” AND THIRD WORLD WAR The grim fact is that capitalist velopments is this, that Britain’s $175 million has fallen due; the American imperialism which is True, the number of “ official” lynchings has diminish­ ------(Continued rom page 1 ) ------Britain is already bankrupt and trade deficit is no longer confined loss of Iranian oil estimated to suddenly confronted with a col­ the only hope the Tories have is 'o the dollar or “hard currency” have cost to-date over $300 m il­ ed. But that does not mean that the extent and scope of (Cont. from page 1) future. And with this huge army lapsing Western European eco­ that the American imperialists trade. lion; plus the costs of maintain­ anti-Negro terrorism and violence has been reduced at all. at its command and billions of nomy amid the unrestrained drive of the war party and its Prussian will bail them out by extending There is now a large trade ing the large army in the Suez The form of these crimes has changed, but not the es­ dollars that can tip the economic for rearmament. To the prohibi­ standard-bearer. new huge loans and grants. The deficit with Western Europe from zone of Egypt, etc. scales in favor of prosperity or tive costs of arming have now sence or number. Instead of lynch mobs, the Jim Crow That would be contrary to the British people face the coldest and which a considerable part of But the greatest single factor depression, the Pentagon has be­ been added the almost equally system now relies on the police. Close to a hundred Ne­ whole tradition and purpose of hungriest winter on record, worse British food and raw material operating to undermine British come a government within a gov­ the two - party system which is even than during the darkest imports have come. Previously economy byond repair is the prohibitive costs of trying to groes have been deliberately murdered by the police in ernment, more and more the real designed to keep the real ques­ months of the last war. Britain had boasted, of a trade burden of rearmament. It was the re-stabilize bankrupt European the single city of Birmingham during the last year — for tions — the questions that are power in Washington. That the British people w ill surplus with this area. accumulation of “strategic stock- capitalism. “ resisting arrest,” “ trying to escape,” etc. The columns of decisive fo r the money interests Congressmen can still spout off eat much less than they ever The Militant have printed reports of a great many such on the one side and the working — but it is the Pentagon which have, is assured by the very first -Sam Adams and the American Revolution: 2 incidents throughout the country, in New York, and De­ people on the other — away from decides. Is it any wonder then measure of the Tory government tro it and Trenton as well as the South. (And where neither the electorate; or to present them that the proposal for a General to which ordered an immediate slash lynch mobs nor the police can be conveniently used for this in such a way as to avoid the be the bi-partisan candidate in of imports to the tune of one danger of the country being- 1952 is not considered extra­ billion dollars. Of this sum, dastardly work, small groups of two or three men do it. divided into two hostile class ordinary, shocking and outra­ almost $400 million cover imports The result is listed as a murder and not as a lynching — camps. This is especially the case geous? of food. This amounts to one- THE YOUNG SAM ADAMS but the effect, to terrorize the Negro'people, is the same.) with the question of war, the quarter of Britain’s total food THE POLITICIANS’ PROBLEM This was confirmed on Nov. 10 when the 20 members great tabu of American politics supply and a proportionate reduc­ where the major parties are con­ Strange as it may seem, the tion in the food rations. What a ------By Harry Frankel of the Psychology Department at the City College of New cerned. one thing that stands in the way York courageously wrote Truman that the pattern for savage blow at the already It is one thing for Taft to ap­ today of the Man on the White meager diet of the British work­ These articles analyzing the political forces in ness, not politics. Years later, Sam Adams was denying Negroes their constitutional rights had shifted pear to be challenging the “use­ Horse becoming President is the ers and the middle class! the first American Revolution are presented to to have trouble w ith this same merchant’s son. from mob violence “ to the more subtle forms of quasi-legal less” war in Korea and the Euro­ self-interest and special interests give the true picture of the birth of our nation, He often tried to hammer it into the younger THIRD OF SERIES executions or violence at the hands of ‘law enforcement’ pean arms aid program — espe­ of the politicians of both parties. and to stimulate interest in Marxist interpreta­ Cushing that he was training young men fo r cially if he makes it clear that the In reality, a victory fo r the man officers.” They said the new pattern would give “ the The bulk of the remainder in tion of American history. The Militant will wel­ politics, not fo r business. administration’s “crime” is being “ above the parties” is a victory the import . slash covers raw come letters from readers discussing this topic. aura of official sanction to racial murders” and would Adams’ father made one more try, this time “ conciliatory” to communism. I t fo r none of the parties. Elected materials fo r industry and it is giving his son a thousand pounds to go into busi­ expose all the people “ to the dangers of a capricious, jun­ is another thing to oppose Eisen­ precisely because he is above this that brings the threat of un­ Sam Adams was born in Boston, on Sept. 22, ness on his own. Adams loaned the money to a party politics, Eisenhower would gle-like state.” They warned that “ only the most imme­ hower. Unlike Truman, he could employment very close indeed. 1722. His father, a prosperous brewer, was also friend who lost it in an unsuccessful venture. diate and strongest action of the federal government can not cloud the question with not be obligated to the party As for the cold winter, this has a part time politician who was active in opposi­ After this incident, he started to go his own fervent declarations for peace and machine and all its hangers-on been assured by the order of the tion to the crown government of Massachusetts. way. prevent the legal murder of a great many more Negroes meaningless gestures to the looking fo r the plums of office. Tory government lim iting do­ in the near future.” Adams was sent to Harvard, the oldest colonial Kremlin. No one would believe The Republicans, particularly mestic coal supply to little more institution of higher learning. He studied law and Professional Revolutionist him. He would be the un- than 10 pounds a day per family That is the plain and honest truth, which is only cov­ those following Taft, who are religion, but was satisfied with neither and was One of his biographers has said of Adams: for the winter months. ered up by stupid prattling about “ progress.” As the still the majority in the party, graduated from college without any settled pro­ “ He had no private business after the firs t years The current crisis is the third CCNY educators point out, “ legal murder” of Negroes are very conscious of this prob­ fession. of his manhood.” And when such a man, with no in the series that erupted in New Times? lem. They have been out of power While Adams was at college, his father lost private business, makes it his public business on an expanding scale is imminent unless action is under­ Britain in the postwar period, New times, new attitudes. fo r 20 years and now fo r the first a good portion of his money in the crash of 1741, to oppose the tyranny of a reactionary govern­ taken now to stamp it out. But the government will not being preceded by the one in Take the imperialist viewpoint, time see the possibility of getting caused by the action of the British colonial ad­ ment and work fo r its overthrow, we call him 1947, “ solved” by the m ulti­ do anything to stop it unless it is forced to. The American fo r example. When the British ■back in again. They are hungry ministration illegalizing the Land Bank, a com­ a professional revolutionist. That is what Sam billion U.S. loan and grants, and people must make their wishes known on this matter, so imperialists were in the saddle, for the pork barrel, for the pany which issued currency with land as its sole Adams was: the first professional revolutionist by the one in 1949, “ solved” by firmly and indignantly that the government will not dare they coined the phrase: “ The patronage, jobs and spoils that security. of American history. the devaluation of the pound. sun never sets on the British come with the Presidency and Many historians have jumped at the conclu­ In 1746, at the age of 24, Adams was elected to play dumb any longer. Unlike the previous two crises, Empire.” The weekly U.S. they are not enchanted by the. sion that this action of the British, which com­ to his first public office: a two year term as the current one has caught the News with unconscious irony prospect o f a “ victory” fo r the pelled young Sam Adams to w ait on tables at one of the clerks of the Boston Market. Later The Disarmament Hoax rephrases it to apply to the party emblem but a defeat for Harvard in order to finish his schooling, made on, in 1753, he was chosen town assessor and “American Century” as fol­ the party politicians. But their a revolutionist out of him. This is reminiscent of scavenger (garbage collector). He held this post Hypocritical fakery reached a new low in the United low's: “ I t ’s getting so the sun power to stop an Eisenhower Shocked Mikado the story that Lenin, leader of the Russian Revo­ until 1756, when he was elected tax collector of Nations with U.S. Secretary of State Dean Acheson’s never sets on U.S.’s problems.” candidacy, since they would not lution, became a revolutionist because his brother his city. This was his job until 1765, when the “ disarmament” proposal. The patent insincerity of this dare mobilize the people on an Was hanged by the Czar’s government. conflict broke out, and he moved into the “ Boston anti-militarist, anti-war program, Hears Students In actuality, Sam Adams, like Lenin, was a Seat” as one of the four members who made “ peace” proposal by a government that is pressing head­ mlstakable representative of is decidedly limited. product of his whole environment. Adams, like up the representation from the town of Boston. militarism, the Supreme com­ long for war was made obvious by several facts: The real decision — so long as the later revolutionist, Lenin, possessed a well When Adams left the office of tax collector mander of World War I I and the Sing ‘InternatT 1. The U.S. government virtually admitted that its there is no great mass anti-war balanced mentality and would not permit one organizer of World War III. Not In a precedent - shattering dem­ in 1765, his accounts showed a delinquency of movement — rests not w ith them single event to determine the whole course of his some 7000 pounds. Historians who are anxious “ peace” plan was a fake, intended only for propaganda all his impeccable “ civies” could onstration, Japanese students but with the Big Money which life. purposes, by the many warnings it has given that it in­ conceal it. flouted the reactionary “ sacred” to blacken Adams’ reputation whisper slyly that owns both parties body and soul. Adams grew up in the atmosphere of resistance Adams was involved in “ the worst scandal” at­ tends to take the “ peace offensive” away from the Rus­ Around his opponent, inevitably traditions of the Japanese mon­ I f the Big Banks, the Big to British rule. His father’s house was a rendez­ and almost automatically, would archy by singing the “Interna­ taching to the name of any signer of the Declara­ sians. Monopolies, the Big Interests vous for all the leading oppositionists of the crystallize the forces for peace. tional,” anthem of communist tion of Independence. 2. The “ disarmament” plan proposes no disarmament, come to the conclusion that they mid-18th century. For example, Elisha Cooke, revolt, in front of Emperor Many efforts were made in Revolutionary times And let no one underestimate the need the General in the White leader of the Massachusetts Country Party, the but only a census of armaments. size of these forces. The Amer­ Hirohito. Three thousand stu­ to smear Adams with this charge of larceny. House, then they w ill scatter the party of opposition, was a frequent visitor. 3. The fake “ disarmament” scheme flatly says that ican people, for all their con­ dents, demonstrating against re­ This campaign was never successful in view of party politicians like chaff be­ Adams’ well known character. His reputation for disarmament is impossible so long as the present interna­ fusion on the question, are fore the wind. militarization of Japan, forced The Caucus Club fundamentally against a new war the Emperor to retire into a strict personal honesty, and his extreme selfless­ tional situation exists. However, Acheson does not make Adams’ father was a leading oppositionist, who and they would demonstrate it in That’s what happened in 1940. university building during the ness and constant poverty make it incredible that any moves towards giving up the U.S. imperialist aims was removed from his seat in the General Court no uncertain manner if the Wall Street was hell-bent to get militant Kyoto mass rally. he took any money fo r himself. As he explained, (Massachusetts legislature) for his battles in de­ and attitudes responsible for the international hostility. candidate opposed to Eisenhower into World War II. But they The students were angered by he had never collected these taxes, and the money On the contrary, he shies away from this topic altogether. ran on a major party ticket. knew that the mood of the people the treaty which was forced upon fense of colonial rights. He was, in addition, a never passed through his hands. Adams’ close founder of the Caucus Club, an opposition center 4. Washington itself does not take this Acheson pro­ Big Business would never per­ was against it and that the the Japanese by U.S. militarists. personal relations w ith the very people of Boston important in the future work of his son. The m it one of its parties to be placed Republican candidate against This pact prepares the way for from whom he was supposed to collect taxes, and posal seriously, and hardly expects the rest of the world Roosevelt would yield to the Caucus Club was a political organization, primar­ his easy-going ways in the business world must to give it serious consideration. For instance, James Res- in such a dangerous position. The the remilitarization of Japan in eagerness of leading Republican temptation to demagogically cap­ order to make that country a ily of workingmen. It is said that its name comes be taken into account, and it is most probable ton, New York Times Washington columnist, says: Vishin- figures to -nudge T aft aside fo r italize on this anti-war sentiment m ilitary base fo r anti - Chinese from the shipyard trade of caulking, so that the that he was the kind of a tax collector we would modern word “ caucus” is a corruption of “ caulk­ sky “ accused the Western Allies of hypocrisy, and if the Eisenhower indicates that the Big as a good vote-catching device. and anti-Soviet assault in the all like to deal with. As a matter of fact, the truth is to be reported, there are a lot of people around Money is even worried by the Wall Street didn’t hesitate a Far East. ers.” Bostonians didn’t want to release him from the possibility of a spurious “anti­ moment. Their general staff, The National Association of Later, at Harvard, Adams studied the so-called job. here who believe there is some justification for the charge headed by Thomas Lam ont, one “ natural rights philosophers,” Locke, Sydney, Although this has never been charged, it is . . . the practical purpose of those proposals was, not to war” campaign such as Taft Student Self Government Asso­ m ight Wage. of the ‘heads of J. P. Morgan, ciations opened a nationwide Harrington, Pufendorf. These were the theorists not impossible that a few shillings were diverted end the ‘cold war,’ as the Allies proclaimed, but to wage Inc., barged into the Republican campaign of 170,000 Japanese whose ideas of “ natural rig h t” and justice had by Adams from the service of the British Raj in the ‘cold war’ more effectively. . . Western Europe has THE REAL POWER convention in Philadelphia and students against the Japan been used to justify the English Revolution of America into the revolutionary organizations. If been alarmed about the belligerent tone of American pro­ Yet the very fact that there is dictated the nomination of Wen­ “ Peace” pact on Oct. 25. This the 17th Century. It was becoming increasingly this were the case, wouldn’t it be unreasonable a real danger of an Eisenhower dell W illkie, a dark horse with campaign was to include protests common to apply these same theories to Amer­ for us Americans, who celebrate a Revolution nouncements for some months.” Reston finds the real ex­ no political past, no former asso­ ican rights. which was won with bloodshed, to balk at the planation for the Washington proposals “ in terms of pro­ candidacy constitutes the real against the rearming of Japan as sensation of the day. In America ciation w ith the GOP but a sure­ well as against the treaty. The In general, the whole colonial atmosphere, par­ shedding of a few cents? paganda and inter-Allied relations.” fire advance guarantee that there ticularly in Boston, was one of increasing oppo­ people were brought up in an unexampled demonstration and Nagging Poverty “ Inter-Allied relations!” There is the clue to the real anti-militarist tradition. No im­ would be no campaign in opposi­ singing of the “ International” be- sition to Britain, at the time when Adams was meaning of the Acheson U.N. speech. The economic d iffi­ portant m ilitary figure has dared tio n ‘ to Roosevelt’s plot to drag fQre the Emperor was an out­ a young man. We w ill have more to say later on about the the country into war. Moreover, Sam Adams had behind him a tradi­ culties which have been growing in Western Europe for to present himself for the highest growth of this campaign. nagging poverty that was with Adams for the office in the land since the time Wil] this situation repeat itself tion of more than 100 years of class struggles. greater part of his life. Suffice it to say hero some months are now reaching crisis proportions. Both of Ulysses S. Grant. All the ef­ today? A fateful question! SING INTERNATIONAL The whole previous century had been marked that the public offices which he held throughout France and Britain have been forced to cut their import forts to start a -Presidential push I f our rulers are prepared to Prior to the demonstration, the with instances of colonial revolt against the the Revolutionary period never paid enough in quotas drastically, and the cause of these cuts is the ar­ fo r General “ Blackjack” Persh­ junk the social safety valve which students had submitted this ques­ British, through which most of the colonies gain­ salary to support the household of a father of maments program. ing, “ hero” of World War I, were is the two-party system, if they tion to the Emperor: “ W ill you, ed certain rights, such as jurisdiction over purely six children. local affairs, and so on. Sam Adams was never a self seeker. He was The armaments programs of the countries of Western stillborn. are prepared to replace even the as Emperor of Japan, which has In the last few years, parti­ fiction of free, competitive elec­ renounced war, resist rearming i f These colonial struggles were also class strug­ always to be found in the fron t line trenches, as Europe are being dictated by the Pentagon. Eisenhower is cularly since the end of World tions for a plebiscite, if they are and when it is foreed upon us?” gles. British rule in America was not just a lid he pushed the war against tyranny. He placed in Europe cracking the whip, demanding they provide War II and the eruption of the prepared to openly turn the fate When Kyoto University President on i a pot, which could be removed without dis­ his radical principles, in which he had a profound more soldiers and produce more guns. This rearmament of “ cold war,” militarism has been of the country over to the Big Shunjiro Hattori refused to sub­ turbing the contents. British rule here depended and unshakeable conviction, above everything Western Europe is opposed by the overwhelming majority rising as a formidable power, Brass, then they have speeded m it this question to the Emperor, upon, and therefore encouraged; the oppression of else. some classes of the population by others. Thus Later, he was,to inherit his father’s brewery, of the people. Thus an explosive social crisis is brewing imperceptibly, unceasingly tram­ up their time-tables to war. Then the students surrounded his pling down the most precious of it is later than we think. Then we, limousine and sang the revolu­ a struggle against Britain had to become also but he paid it little or no attention, his entire there. our democratic traditions. For are standing at the brink of tionary anthem. a class struggle. time being occupied with the fig h t fo r independ­ The Acheson proposal, coming at this time, is noth­ ‘.he first time in our history there “ Operation Disaster” for the peo­ The students smashed windows Before Adams was fu lly caught up in these ence. The business was soon in ruins, but Adams, ing but a feeble and hypocritical gesture by U.S. imperial­ is a standing army of millions of ples of the world — and fo r us — on police cars, and, later in the struggles, his family tried to equip him with although penniless, never expressed any regrets men in peace time and permanent which the Economic Czars and day, reassembled to protest a “ respectable” profession. He was firs t sent to over his condition. His wants were few, his bag­ ism towards the European masses; an attempt to put the the counting house of Thomas Cushing, merchant, gage light, and his road clear. onus for the arms race on the Soviet Union, and thus to conscription. The national budget their m ilitary strategists have against the action of the Univer­ now devotes its biggest portion been planning ever since the last sity officials in allowing police to but Cushing soon turned him out, with the re­ divert their anger away from Wall Street. to wars — past, present and war came to an end. enter the university grounds. mark that he was training young men for busi­ (Next Week: The Professional Revolutionist) The SWP’s 1951 Vote ------By George Breitman ------the MILITANT In 1948, when the Socialist Workers Party ap­ ties, we too get a proportion of “ accidental” VOLUME XV peared on the ballot with presidential or local votes — from people who are only vaguely aware MONDAY, NOVEMBER 19, 1951 NUMBER 47 candidates in 12 states, the total of the highest of what we stand for or who choose us at random votes it received was 24,798. In 1950, the SWP to express their resentment against existing con­ ran nine campaigns — four statewide, four in ditions; the point is that the big parties benefit congressional districts, one in an assembly district from a vastly greater number of such votes.) Harry Press Gets — and got a total of 31,278 votes. This year, We have to work harder for a vote than the when there were few state-wide campaigns, the Democrats, or even a party like the Liberal, al­ 4% of S. F. Vote Halley's Election Jolts SWP entered nine campaigns, of which four were though they have infinitely greater physical and city-wide (New York, Detroit, Boston, Oakland), financial resources for vote-getting. three were county-wide (Los Angeles, San Fran­ Those are reasons why we did not expect a cisco, Newark), and two were confined to a single high vote this year. Those are also reasons why ward (Chicago, Philadelphia); the total vote we think it is incorrect to gauge the effective­ 2-Party System in N.Y. came to 52,109. ness of our campaigns solely by the number of We are aware that this is a small vote, and votes we get. For us, an election campaign is Both Democratic and Repub­ Ladies Garment Workers Union, that revolutionary socialism -remains a small m i­ still spadework. It is a chance to introduce our­ lican machine bosses tried to find they blessed and supported the nority in this country. Nevertheless, for a small selves to the public as a separate party, to ac­ “important national trends” in candidacy of the Tammany hack, Joseph T. Sharkey. Anything party to increase its vote in times like the pres­ quaint them with our program, to teach then ELECTION RETURNS FROM the Nov. 6 election. The Demo­ ent, when the witch-hunt is still raging, is an the differences between us and other parties. else, they assured the workers, crats pointed with pride to their achievement. I t shows that the SWP, unlike so The effectiveness of our election campaigns at was “ impractical” and “ unreal­ many other groups that have given up the ghost the present time can best be judged by how well victory in the Philadelphia mayor­ istic.” It will be harder for them NEWARK, PHILADELPHIA to get away with that gag in or made a separate peace with capitalist or re­ we did this job, rather than by the number ol alty race for the first time in 67 the future. formist politics, has not been demoralized by the votes we got this year. In this sense, we think years. The Republicans did the NEWARK, Nov. 13 — George told the truth, but nobody seemed Even when the capitalist candi­ growth of reaction and is on the firin g line, seiz­ we did a creditable job. The New York campaign Breitman, Socialist Workers to care much. same with their election of a ing every possible opportunity to reach and edu­ this year reached the biggest audience in the dates endorsed by the labor lead­ Party candidate for the New The Progressive Party ran an mayor in the normally Demo­ ers are elected, no benefits ensue cate the people about the need for a socialist history of the SWP in that city. The total yote Jersey Assembly from Essex all-women’s “ peace” ticket for the cratic city of Little Rock, Ark. for the labor movement. When on change. It also proves that even in an atmosphere was 3,553. We gave hundreds of thousands some­ County, received 2,474 votes in 12 Assembly seats, but withdrew where redbaiting is still in the ascendant and thing to think about. We didn’t expect that they But neither of these isolated top of this fact the “labor last Tuesday’s election, a little five of them at the last minute in statesmen” can’t even pick a many people have been intimidated, there is still would vote for us the firs t crack out of the box. over 1% of the 185,000 votes order to support five Democratic cases warrants attempts to depict We do expect that they will become our support­ winning horse, their political an important part of the population that is w ill­ cast. and Republican candidates. The them as weathervanes of how the ing to give a hearing to, and express some sym­ ers in the future. authority is bound to suffer. The Republicans increased their Progressive vote fo r Assembly people are going to vote in 1952. pathy for, the ideas of revolutionary socialism. And not merely because of our propaganda, HARRY PRESS majorities in most parts of the ranged between 3,200 and 3,600 A STIFF JOLT Both of these things are good portents for the electoral or non-electoral. People don’t become Most of the shifts that took place state, and have an even stronger votes. The Halley victory has given a revolutionary in their thinking as the result of were due to local peculiarities future. SAN FRANCISCO — Harry grip on both Houses of the State The Communist Party’s sole s tiff jo lt to the two-party system. “ But,” some people may say, “ how can the propaganda — at least, not more than a small Press, Socialist Workers Party Legislature than before. candidate in the Essex election, and do not indicate anything for minority. They become revolutionary as a result That was the result, if not the election results represent anything but a deep candidate for Board of Super­ The Democrats tried to win the running for county freeholder, next year’s national election. intention of the voters. But one disappointment to you? You have received a few of their own experience. When their living stand­ visors in the Nov. 6 election, election in Essex County by received 1,591 votes. thing is certain — it is not the more votes, but you were ineffective so fa r as ards are slashed to the bone, when they are facec received 10,404 votes, about 4% running a number of popular In 1948, the last time Breitman AN EYE OPENER intention of Halley, nor of the the great m ajority of the people are concerned. with military regimentation and the threat of of the total. Twenty-five persons athletes headed by N. Y. Giants ran fo r office, he received 1,010 However, there was one local Liberal Party leaders. IIow, at this rate, can you ever hope that so­ atomic annihilation, when they see their liber­ ran for the six places to be filled votes in Essex County. star Monte Irvin on a ticket that campaign that did have some Halley is a Democrat himself, cialism w ill be achieved in our tim e?” ties being taken away, in a word, when they fee on the Board. was made up prim arily of World eye-opening lessons fo r the Amer­ even though he had to run as an In the firs t place, we did not expect to win our that conditions are absolutely intolerable and Frank Barbaria, SWP candidate War II veterans. But it didn’t PHILADELPHIA, Nov. 11 - ican people as a whole. That was independent. His aim is to save campaigns this year, or to make big increases that the ruling class is responsible fo r them and fo r mayor, got 1,307 votes. help them. They were beaten by Battling against the strongest in New York, the largest and the Democratic Party by reform­ in our vote. Political consciousness (let alone w ill not change them—that is when they w ill be­ Mayor Elmer Robinson won re- bigger majorities than in the last political mobilization of Demo­ most politically advanced city in ing it, that is, by changing its class consciousness) in this country is still at gin to think and act in revolutionary fashion and election over the other five election. crats and Republicans in Phila­ leaders. For him the Liberal a very low level, perhaps the lowest in the world. to look around for organizations that do the same. candidates fo r this office with a The “ main issue” discussed in the country. The Democratic and delphia since the 1900’s, Clyde Republican bosses preferred not Party is merely a means fo r I t is very rare when a m ajority of the eligible This is what we are depending on to achieve plurality of less than 2,000 votes the campaign was “ Zwillmanism,” Turner, Socialist Workers Party to dwell on this campaign be­ reforming the Democratic Party voters go to the polls. Because there is no differ­ socialism in our time — not the fact that we got out of 260,000 cast. both capitalist parties accusing candidate fo r City Council from cause its results were most dis­ and promoting his own political ence in principle between the two major parties, 20,900 more votes than last time, but the fact Oleta O’Connor Yates, who was each other of having been con­ most Americans think they are doing a smart that capitalism is rushing toward a crackup in the F ifth District, got 215 votes quieting for them. fortunes. Like Roosevelt Jr. and arrested under the Smith Act last nected with and indebted to in the municipal elections held Lehman, who were elected w ith thing when they vote “ fo r the man and not the this country as in the rest of the world, and in “ Longie” Zwillman, the ex- What happened was that a summer and ran fo r the Board last Tuesday. Liberal support but endorsed the party,” and they are under the delusion that they the process w ill drive the masses of the people bootlcgger who became a legiti­ plurality of the voters went to of Supervisors from a Los An­ Concentrating on the central Tammany candidate this year, he “ waste” their vote if the candidate of their choice to seek a revolutionary solution to their problems. mate businessman and political the polls in New York, ignored geles ja il cell, polled 15,932 votes questions of war, discrimination will use the Liberal Party so is not elected, even though he is the one who best When that begins to happen, it w ill be noticeable and finished in 20th place. power. In this case, both parties Row A (Republican), ignored represents their interests. because the revolutionary socialist vote will gro\ and civil rights, Mrs. Turner Row B (Democratic), and voted long as it is useful fo r these A big party that is out of office almost auto­ by the millions. Meanwhile, in preparation for received a warm hearing through­ on Row C (Liberal), electing purposes and discard it when it matically gets practically all of the “protest that time, the job we have undertaken, and which out the campaign. House to house Rudolph Halley as President of isn’t. He has no intention of help­ vote” even though the protesting voters know we work at between as well as during election visiting opened the way to meet­ the City Council. ing to destroy the two - party or care little about its program, while a party campaigns, is to win the most advanced and far- 'Dog Tags’ for Kids Arouse ings in the homes of friends, system. where the program of the SWP This upset in the traditional like the SWP has a thousand prejudices to over­ seeing workers to our ideas and party so that procedure and outlook of the THEIR REAL AIM come before it can win a single conscious and they w ill be able to provide adequate and or­ was discussed, and the basis for voters is the fourth in New York The attitude of the Liberal deliberate vote. (We don’t mean that every SWP ganized leadership fo r the coming mass struggle future activity created. Socialist Mass Protest in New York Workers Party sound equipment in the last four years. In 1948 Party leaders is different, but vote is conscious and deliberate; like other par- to make a fundamental change in society. the American Labor Party elected By Ida Brant toured the district almost con- not fundamentally different. They tinously during the last two a Congressman in the Bronx. In fear that the Democratic Party NEW YORK — The New York City Board of Educa­ weeks of the campaign, announc­ 1949 Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr., can no longer be saved in its Revolution in N e a r E a s t tion has been distributing metal identification tags since ing that a socialist fighter was denied Tammany endorsement, present form, even if it gets a Oct. 11, to all second and third grade pupils in public, on the ballot. The M ilitant was was elected to Congress on the few new faces. This fear was ------By Tom C o n l a n ------introduced to many workers Liberal ticket in Manhattan. In reinforced last year, when they private and parochial schools. A 1950 Vincent Im pellitteri, also The capitalist press in this country and in The whole Arab world which is now so bitterly It is necessary fo r the ruling through this campaign. supported the Tammany candi­ This w ill continue throughout the denied Tammany support, ran for Western Europe is deliberately underplaying- the anti-British and anti-French is turning more and class to reach the people and The most Significant fact in the date for mayor, only to see him Mayor with a party label no one news about the real situation in the Near East. more anti-American. Two steps taken over the grades until every pupil has re­ frighten them out of their election was the defeat suffered get thoroughly licked. Their aim had ever heard of, and won. Four The millions of the Arab world whose living last weekend have added greatly to this rising ceived one. On these “ dog tags” passivity into active support of by the Republican Party. Long is to pressure the Democrats into standards are abysmal, in most cases below the tide of anti-American resentment. times is enough to justify calling are stamped the child’s name, the war. What better way than known as a citadel of corrupt agreeing to work formally with level of domestic animals in these areas, refuse F irst has been the joint announcement by machine politics, Philadelphia was it “ a trend.” the Liberals, and then to share daté' of birth, parent’s name and through the children? “Hit ’em any longer to live in this degradation. They hold Britain, France, the U.S. and Turkey that these where it hurts,” regardless of dominated by the Republicans No matter why the voters power with them through a the old colonial rulers, prim arily Britain and “ four powers” were going ahead with their plans school number. Instructions issued what they do to the minds and fo r so many decades that the backed Halley, by their action permanent coalition or even a France, responsible and are determined to run for the “Middle East Command” regardless of were that these tags must be feelings of the children. people began to think it would they undermined and discredited merged Democratic-Liberal party. them out of the Near East. the w-ill and wishes of the countries in this area. worp by school children at all When the child comes home never be removed from office. the idea that the major parties In this way they hope to preserve This new development is among the greatest The announced participation of South Africa, have worked so hard to spread times! with an identification tag hung But spurred by the report of the two - party system in a re­ revolutionary upsurges in history, matching the Australia and New Zealand, countries thousands around his neck, all the cruel the Kefauver committee, and the and maintain — that, supporting constituted form and to head o ff This move followed the series postwar upheavals in China and throughout the of miles removed from the Near East, in this and barbaric implications of special grand ju ry investigations third parties means “ wasting the formation of an independent of atom - bomb drills in which Far East. In one of the few truthfu l dispatches “ defense setup,” may look good on paper but atom - bomb warfare hit the into g ra ft and patronage within your vote” because they don’t labor party, that will be anti­ children were instructed to crouch from Cairo, columnist Stew-art Alsop recognizes entirely unacceptable to the Arab world and can parents with a terrific impact: the city administration, the have a chance of winning. capitalist in its program and under desks and cover their faces this. “ The plain fact is that this is an essentially only feed the already flaming resentment. disfigurement, death, dismember­ working-class and Negro minority composition. and heads with their arms — as A FALSE THEORY revolutionary situation,” he wrote on Nov. 12 But more important than this “strong” diplo­ ment of their babies. And with cast a solid vote against the But the election of Halley may protection against splintering about the situation in Egypt, and then added matic maneuvering, has been the second action the steady repetition of war talk, Republican machine. Proof of This, in turn, substantially have consequences unforeseen by glass, debris and heat engendered that "some sort of basic and probably violent of the U.S. when it lined up in the UN with drills and now “ dog tags,” the deliberate Jim Crow within the weakens the foundations of the Halley and Dubinsky. While it by a bomb! Small wonder that change is inevitable here.” France and Britain to “ indefinitely postpone” ruling class seeks to psychologize school system, coupled with the whole “ theory of the lesser w ill probably persuade the Tam­ these measures have created fear The situation in French Morocco is similar in from the agenda the Moroccan question. the people for war — whether long record of brutality on the evil” (that voters have no real many bosses to reconsider an and nervous tension and a sense all essentials to Egypt. Every single Arab nation — Syria, Egypt, they want it or not, whether they part of the Philadelphia police, choice outside of the major alliance with the Liberal Party, of insecurity in many of the Alsop’s best “ hope” in the situation is fo r the Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Yemen and Iraq — has approve of its aims or not. resulted in the largest vote in capitalist parties) and w ill in­ it w ill at the-same time weaken children. Nor could the parents emergence of “ reasonably enlightened dictator­ filed a separate complaint against the French Denouncing these “ dog tags,” many years in the Negro neigh­ evitably give an impetus to cam­ the arguments of the union lead­ remain calm and undisturbed, ship” patterned after that of Kemal Pasha in in Morocco. By a vote in the General Committee a mother at a PTA meeting borhoods, most of it going to the paigns and parties independent of ers that, a labor party is “ imprac­ the major parties, in New York Turkey following World War I. But even this of six to four, with four abstentions, this Moroc­ PROTESTS POOR IN cried: “ I don’t want an arm or a Democrats. tical” and strengthen the hand of variant holds no allure fo r London and Paris. can issue, that is, the whole colonial issue in the The openly expressed anti­ and elsewhere. Protests poured into the office leg with a tag. I want my child the m ilitant workers who are They want to keep things as they are, with them­ Near East, was shunted aside in the U.N. This labor sentiments of the Repub­ Among other things, it gives a of the Board of Education and alive and whole! And in Europe advocating a complete break with selves in the saddle. The rise of native dictators vote was the handiwork of the U.S. The most lican candidate, Daniel A. Poling, black eye to the labor leaders. Supt. of Schools Jansen—protests and in Asia, mothers want their capitalist politics and the creation no matter how “ enlightened” would likewise spell illiterate Arab peasant is aware of it today. also helped turn the tide of W ith few exceptions, like David from parents, teachers, psycho­ children alive too. They don’t of labor’s own party. And nothing the end of their rule in the Near East. Throughout the whole world the contrast w ill want war either!” victory to the Democrats. Dubinsky of the International but good can come out of that. As matters stand, Britain w-ould have dim not pais unnoticed of this shunting aside of is­ logists, columnists, liberals. Faced prospects of hanging on in Egypt, or the French sues which involve the old colonial system while with this storm of indignation, in North Africa, if not for the support of Wash­ hypocritically pushing to the fore all the “ com­ Jansen beat a hasty retreat. On ington. plaints” against the Soviet Union. Nov. 2 a “Message to Parents” Was brought home by the chil­ dren. “ The Board of Education,” Official Labor Politics Bankrupt it read, “ has no wish to interfere tin Tour for Socialism with your right as parents to decide whether or not your chil­ ------By Myra Tanner Weiss ------dren should wear the tags.” Detroit Election Results Show In San Francisco, I had the opportunity of par­ sire to understand our analysis of the Asian A movement has already begun of labor” but upited in tailending a considerable loss of prestige ticipating in the culmination of one of the best revolution. DETROIT — W ith the lowest issue of a city PT2PC ordinance in the Parent Teachers Associa­ capitalist politicians without any among Negro workers for op­ election campaigns our Parly has conducted. A street meeting was organized at Sather Gate vote cast in Detroit city elections before the voters through a tion demanding that Jansen in­ ties or allegiance to the labor posing the FEPC petition drive W ith our two fighting candidates Frank Barba- at the University of California in Berkeley. At in the last 16 years — only 38% petition campaign was bitterly struct the principals to obtain movement. and their refusal to back H ill. ria for Mayor and H arry Press for Supervisor, U.C. these meetings are a great tradition. The of eligible voters turned out — opposed by the Reuther leader­ the consent of the parents before Albert E. Cobo, strikebreaking The only union candidates in ship. the campaign was bound to be good. But in addi­ witch-hunters had tried to outlaw them. However, giving out the tags .rather than Mayor, and other incumbent of­ the field, Thomas F. McNamara, CHARTER AMENDMENTS tion, every member of the S.F. branch partici­ after a long struggle, free speech was preserved They assured the Negro people face them with an accomplished ficials were reelected last week. business agent of an A F L build­ S till another expression of the in this community that to gain pated in a daily program of street meetings, at Sather Gate. My meeting was the firs t since fact. ing trades local, and George bankruptcy of the politics of the sound-truck work and door-to-door discussions A light vote had generally been the FEPC, a safe and sane ap­ this victory. It was well advertised by leaflet Dean, President of Michigan UAW and the CIO is their of our socialist anti-war program. distributions among the students. WAR PROPAGANDA predicted because the workers proach of relying on “friends” in remained apathetic owing to “the Federation of Labor, were lost silence on a number of important the Council and in public life Readers of the M ilitant, I am sure, have fo l­ The turn-out exceeded everyone’s expectations. The more important aim of same old crap” policy of the in the shuffle. charter amendments that came lowed with great interest the success of the work We held an audience of three hundred fo r more would suffice. Because of this con­ these drills and dog tags has not UAW - CIO leadership and the before the voters. By a margin nivance between the labor bur­ of Press and Barbaria in getting before unions than an hour. Our San Francisco candidates REUTHER FOUGHT HILL been played up by any news­ Detroit and Wayne County CIO of less than 2,000 votes, a eaucracy. and the City officials and other organizations. Their activities and the shared the platform w ith me. A fte r the meeting paper. Big Business and its gov­ Council. Although the workers Charles A. H ill, independent proposal was adopted to extend the petition drive for FEPC Was work of the branch have met w ith great response. discussion continued in large animated groups of ernment have long used the had been aroused by the anti­ Negro candidate fo r Council, the term fo r most city officials to shunted aside. More than 10,000 They have had an attentive and sympathetic au­ students. They kept all three of our speakers courts, the police, the newspapers, labor policies of strikebreaking polled more than 65,000 votes four years. Public expression of signatures were thrown out. A dience wherever they went. Proof of this was the busy answering their questions and arguments. the schools, to spread their propa­ Mayor Cobo, the Detroit leader­ even though denied support of the opposition to this measure would week prior to the elections the meeting they organized for my tour. The familiar A t one point, while I was on the stand and ganda. They don’t pass up a ship made no e ffo rt to present Detroit labor movement. Despite have unquestionably assured its political fakers on the C ity Coun­ old faces were lost among the many new ones. was questioned by a young patriot, a Negro stu­ chance to whip up the war sup­ an independent candidate, this criminal refusal of labor sup­ defeat. Faijure to oppose this cil, who had- pretended to favor People were there who had come to a socialist dent asked for the floor and made an eloquent port. The Korean war is not as port, Hill, the only Negro candi­ measure seems to flow from the the FEPC, then voted to table all meeting for the firs t time in their lives. The speech about where he thought the fight for popular as they had hoped to THE “LABOR” CANDIDATES date in the race and a man who personal bias of the labor bur­ action on the issue on the grounds S.F. headquarters is relatively large, but not democracy should be made. “ Where do you get make it. “ Civilian defense” work- Wlhen it became clear that the did yeoman work fo r the UAW- eaucrats fo r long terms in office it was too “ political.” large enough to accommodate the audience. Peo­ the nerve to ask me to go to other lands to fig h t el’s are slow in volunteering, labor movement would not con­ CIO in the Ford organizing days and their general feeling arising ple had to stand throughout the meeting in the fo r democracy I never get at home? I live in a despite the many appeals made test the election of Cobo in its of 10 years ago, polled more from the many election defeats WORKERS CONFUSED kitchen, the office and along the back of the Jim Crow system here in America,” he explained in Parent-Teacher organizations. own right, Edgar M. Branigan, votes than one of the labor they have organized: “ Better to Hopes that the Ford Local 600 hall. with an effort to control his anger. Immediately County Clerk, who has run for “ endorsed” candidates. Had la­ do this only once every four leadership would offer an inde­ I was interviewed over KYA, the largest inde­ after his speech a young white woman on the office on both Republican and bor’s support been added to H ill’s years.” pendent policy in the elections pendent radio station in the Bay Area, on a verge of tears tried to answer him that capital­ Democratic tickets, entered the independent strength, ther-e is a were not fulfilled. While differ­ morning program fo r women. We discussed the ism wasn’t the cause of Jim Crow. I t was the Twin Cities race. This phoney politician, who strong possibility he would have FEPC SCUTTLED ing with some of the individual Korean war and the Asian revolution. I enjoyed ignorance and cruelty of backward people, she spent a considerable part of his been elected. Without any advice from the selections of the Reuther leader­ the interview very much but you can imagine my said. So I spoke at some length to show that Public Meeting campaign pledging he would not Significantly enough the opposi­ unions, the voters rejected salary ship, their policies were in sub­ complete disgust when a middle-class woman ex­ capitalism makes people cruel and profits from serve “ special interests” (re f­ tion to Hill in Reutheritc circles increases for Common Council stance the same. pressed the hope that things would be straight­ Jim Crow customs that are generally practised on erences to his endorsement by and among the “talented tenth” members. A proposal making The endorsement of Louis ened out in Asia because she would like to travel including the Federal government. “The Road to Peace” the CIO and AFL) and denounc­ of the Negro community failed to more difficult the introduction of M iriani fo r Common Council by there again. The great struggle of the Asian Ideas arc beginning to mean something to the ing strike action by city workers, find any response among the mass ordinance by initiative referen­ Local 600 only served to confuse people for a better life than they have known students. I t ’s good to sec many of them.thinking Speaker: naturally aroused no great en­ of the Negro people. In the meet­ dum, such as the recent P'EPC Detroit workers and tended to in the- past is apparently interfering with her about politics and trying to find answers to social thusiasm among the workers. ings of the “ Voters League,” petition drive, was among those undo much, of the fine work done pleasures as a tourist. M y heart bleeds fo r her problems. As one young student in an eastern Dorothy Schultz The balance of the “ labor slate” recently set up by the officers of carried. by Local 600 in the FEPC and all the others like her. school wrote to me: “ The present society in this was of the same caliber. Both the the Detroit NAACP, the leader­ One of the saddest features of petition drive. Miriani has been I was also interviewed by Bob Shutz of radio country demands that we go to war. Obviously, Fri., Nov. 23, 8:00 PM CIO and A F L endorsed a number ship found itself on several the elections was in connection an outstanding opponent of station KPFA in Berkeley. Our discussion was any society that demands that much of us should 10 S. 4th Street of incumbents fo r City Clerk, occasions in head-on conflict with with the FEPC proposition. The FEPC and Negro rights in the recorded. I t w ill be broadcast twice, once on an be questioned and not just accepted.” He was C ity Treasurer and Common the audience who were virtually attempts of the Detroit Negro Detroit Council and was the most Minneapolis, Minn. afternoon program and later in the evening. Mr. right and there are many who are beginning to Council, differing in their various unanimous in support of H ill. The Labor Council, with the support vocal in the move to table action Shutz questioned me extensively in a sincere de- question it. selections of the so-called “ friends Reuther leadership has suffered o f Ford Local 600, to place the on the FEiPC.