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Bestandsaufnahme Und Bibliographie Der Langbein-, Tanz

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Bestandsaufnahme Und Bibliographie Der Langbein-, Tanz ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Faunistisch-Ökologische Mitteilungen Jahr/Year: 2009-2016 Band/Volume: 9 Autor(en)/Author(s): Meyer Hans Artikel/Article: Bestandsaufnahme und Bibliographie der Langbein-, Tanz- und Rennraubfliegen Schleswig-Holsteins mit Angaben zur Ökologie ausgewählter Arten (Diptera, Empidoidea: Dolichopodidae s. I., Brachystomatidae, Empi- didae, Hybotidae) 17-60 ©Faunistisch-Ökologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft e.V. (FÖAG);download www.zobodat.at Faun.-Ökol.Mitt. 9,17 - 60 Kiel, 2009 Bestandsaufnahme und Bibliographie der Langbein-, Tanz- und Rennraubfliegen Schleswig-Holsteins mit Angaben zur Ökolo­ gie ausgewählter Arten (Diptera, Empidoidea: Dolichopodidae s. I., Brachystomatidae, Empi- didae, Hybotidae) Von Hans Meyer Summary Checklist and bibliography of long legged flies and dance flies recorded from Schleswig-Holstein (North-Germany) with ecological data of selected species (Diptera, Empidoidea: Dolichopodidae s. 1., Brachystomatidae, Empididae, Hybotidae) This contribution presents for the first time a comprehensive bibliography in combination with a checklist of the Empidoidea fauna known from Schleswig-Holstein and Hamburg, referring to three different recording periods: up to 1950, 1951-1975, later than 1975. No­ menclature of species and the classification of families had been updated according to the data base of "Fauna Europaea" und further revisions, published within the last years. Basis of the checklist was a comprehensive evaluation and documentation of literature concerning the Empidoidea of Germany between 1817 and 2008. Up to now 592 species of Empidoidea had been recorded from Schleswig-Holstein and Hamburg, representing species of the families Dolichopodidae s. 1. (278), Brachystomatidae (3), Empididae (173) and Hybotidae (138) respectively. A documentation of both the inventory of species and the distribution of specimens had been evaluated for 7 different complexes of biotopes in Schleswig-Holstein represented by woodlands and groves, arable land, fenlands, saline grasslands, poor grasslands (gravel pits), peat bogs, springs and brooks. Altogether 268 species had been selected, representing at least 10 specimens within the total catch of all biotopes. The ecological preference of species refer to 64 silvicolous (woodlands), 41 ripicolous-silvicolous (bimodal preference for banks of waters & woodlands), 39 prati- colous (fenlands), 34 ripicolous (banks of waters), 23 praticolous-S (saline grasslands), 13 aquatic (waters), 9 tyrphophilous (peat bogs), 7 arenicolous (sandy areas: gravel pits), 4 praticolous-A (arable lands) respectively 34 euryoecious species without preference. Characteristic differences could be demonstrated between different types of biotopes concerning both the inventory of species and the number of specimens. Catches obtained from emergence traps, situated on or near by springs and brooks, and catches from fen­ lands resulted the highest number of species with 146 respectively 139. More than 100 species had been recorded from hedges on banks (117), alder swamps (114) and beech 17 ©Faunistisch-Ökologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft e.V. (FÖAG);download www.zobodat.at forest (110). Samples of dead wood, originating from deciduous trees of woodlands and groves, resulted 87 species, followed by saltmarshes at the North Sea (82), arable land on loamy soil (82), banks of running waters (70), peat bogs (68) and storage polders at the North Sea (56). Relating to the number of specimens 83 characteristic species (39 Dolicho- podidae, 23 Empididae, 21 Hybotidae) had been recorded on a higher level of domi­ nance, represented at least by class 6 (>100 specimens/biotope). Saltmarshes at the North Sea and fenlands dominated with 16 respectively 15 species, followed by springs and brooks (13), beech forest (12), dead wood of deciduous trees (11), hedges on banks (9), storage polders at the North Sea (7), peat bogs (7), Saltmarshes at the Baltic Sea (6) and banks of running waters (6). Key words: Empidoidea, biodiversity, Schleswig-Holstein, checklist, recording periods, biotop specific distribution, bibliography Zusammenfassung Dieser Beitrag liefert erstmals eine umfassende Bibliographie sowie eine nach verschie­ denen Nachweiszeiträumen (bis 1950, 1951-1975, ab 1976) getrennte Checkliste aller bisher in Schleswig-Holstein und Hamburg nachgewiesenen Empidoidea-Arten. Die Nomenklatur der Arten sowie die Zuordnung und Abgrenzung einzelner Familien wurden nach den Angaben in der Datenbank der Fauna Europaea sowie aufgrund neue­ rer Revisionen aus den letzten Jahren aktualisiert. Grundlage für die Checkliste war eine umfangreiche Literaturauswertung und Dokumentation der Empidoidea-Fauna Deutsch­ lands im Zeitraum von 1817 bis 2008. In Schleswig-Holstein und Hamburg wurden bis­ her insgesamt 592 Arten nachgewiesen, die sich auf die Familien Dolichopodidae s. 1. (278 Arten), Brachystomatidae (3), Empididae (173) und Hybotidae (138) verteilen. Eine Dokumentation des Arteninventars und der Verteilung von Individuenzahlen erfolgte für 7 verschiedene Biotopkomplexe in Schleswig-Holstein, die Wälder und Gehölze, Äcker, Niedermoor- und Salz-Grünland sowie Magerrasen (Kiesgruben), Hochmoore sowie Quellen und Bäche umfassten. Es wurden insgesamt 268 Arten berücksichtigt, die einen Bestand von mindestens 10 Individuen im Gesamtfang aller Biotope aufwiesen. Die Biotoppräferenzen der Arten verteilten sich auf 64 silvicole (Wald), 41 ripicole-silvicole mit bimodaler Biotoppräferenz (Gewässerufer & Wälder), 39 praticole (Grünland), 34 ripicole (Gewässerufer), 23 praticole-S (Grünland mit Salzeinfluss), 13 aquatische (Ge­ wässer), 9 tyrphophile (Hochmoor), 7 arenicole (Sandbiotope: Kiesgruben) und 4 prati­ cole-A (Äcker) sowie auf 34 euryöke Arten ohne deutliche Biotoppräferenz. Die Vertei­ lung von Artenbeständen und Individuenzahlen zeigten bei vielen Arten charakteristi­ sche Unterschiede zwischen den untersuchten Biotoptypen. Emergenzfänge auf und an Quellen und Bächen sowie Fänge im Niedermoor-Grünland wiesen mit 146 bzw. 139 Arten die mit Abstand größten Artenzahlen auf. Ein Bestand über 100 Arten wurde im Knickbereich (117), Erlenbruch (114) und im Buchenwald (110) festgestellt. Totholzpro­ ben von Laubbäumen aus Wäldern oder Gehölzen erbrachten 87 Arten, gefolgt von Nordsee-Salzwiesen (82), Äcker auf Lehm (82), Uferzonen (70), Hochmoore (68) sowie Speicherkögen an der Nordsee mit 56 Arten. Bezüglich der Individuenzahlen wurden 83 biotopspezifische Charakterarten (39 Dolichopodidae, 23 Empididae, 21 Hybotidae) mit höherer Dominanz ab Klasse 6 (>100 Tiere/Biotop) festgestellt. Nordsee-Salz wiesen und Niedermoor-Grünland lagen mit 16 bzw. 15 Arten an der Spitze, gefolgt von Quellen und Bächen (13), Buchenwald (12), Laubbaum-Totholz (11) Knicks (9), Speicherköge an der Nordsee (7), Hochmoor (7), Ostsee-Salzwiese (6) und Uferzonen (6). 18 ©Faunistisch-Ökologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft e.V. (FÖAG);download www.zobodat.at Einleitung Grundlage für einen nachhaltigen Schutz der biologischen Vielfalt, wie in der Konventi­ on von Rio gefordert, sind detaillierte Kenntnisse der in einem Bezugsraum vorkommen­ den Arten und ihrer ökologischen Ansprüche an ihren Lebensraum (Ziegler et al. 1997). Artenreiche Tier gruppen wie z.B. die Fliegengruppe der Langbein- Tanz und Rennraub­ fliegen, für die in Europa und Deutschland für einige Regionen schon Informationen zur Verbreitung und Ökologie vorliegen, sind dabei von entscheidender Bedeutung, da sie eine größtmögliche biologische Vielfalt in einem Gebiet repräsentieren und ihre öko- systemaren Vernetzungen, wie z.B. die Rolle einzelner Artengruppen im Nahrungsnetz, dokumentieren. Diese regionalen Informationen bilden eine wichtige Basis für aussage­ kräftige landschaftsökologische und naturschutzfachliche Diagnosen und den daraus abzuleitenden Naturschutz- und Pflegemaßnahmen (Engemann 2001). Die Empidoidea sind mit weltweit 11.843 Arten eine sehr artenreiche Fliegengruppe, von denen 6.947 zu den Langbeinfliegen sowie 4.896 Arten zu den Tanz- und Rennraub­ fliegen gehören (Sinclair & C umming 2006,2007; Yang , et al. 2006,2007). In Deutschland ist diese Fliegengruppe mit mindestens 1.085 bzw. in Schleswig-Holstein und Hamburg mit 592 Arten ebenfalls recht artenreich vertreten und erfüllt somit die Voraussetzung, die biologische Vielfalt anhand dieser Dipterengruppe für einzelne Regionen exempla­ risch zu dokumentieren (Meyer et al. 2007). Ziel der vorliegenden Checklisten-Bearbeitung war, neben einer möglichst vollständi­ gen Sichtung und Dokumentation aller verfügbaren Literaturquellen mit Funddaten für Schleswig-Holstein und Hamburg, eine zeitlich differenzierte Auflistung aller Artnach­ weise, wobei alte (bis 1950), jüngere (1951-1975) und aktuelle Nachweise (ab 1976) unter­ schieden wurden. Angaben zur Anzahl der Artnachweise in allen Bundesländern auf der Basis des Schleswig-Holsteinischen Artenbestandes (inklusive Hamburg), sollen Rück­ schlüsse auf Häufigkeitsgrad und potentielle Gefährdung dieser Fliegengruppe ermögli­ chen. Eine ökologische Einschätzung der häufigeren Arten (ab 10 Tiere im Gesamtfang aller Biotope) aufgrund aktueller Literaturdaten und eigenen Untersuchungen sowie Angaben zu deren Individuenzahlen in einzelnen Biotopen Schleswig-Holsteins, sollen die ökologische Zuordnung zu spezifischen Biotopen und Habitaten sowie die gesamt­ ökologische Bewertung dieser Arten dokumentieren. Nomenklatur Die Nomenklatur der Empidoidea richtet
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