fienebictines

s[an6

(f orm erly of mainstb orpe, mock)

CONTA N N G THE H STORY P U RP O SE I I I , ,

METH OD , AND S U MMARY OF TH E R U LE O F TH E BEN ED ICT IN E S O F TH E I SLE ALD EY WALE O F C , S . S

ILLUSTRATED

P a pe r Co v e r , p r ic e , I n e t ; p o st fre e ,

3 9h) !

P U BLI S HED AT

THE ABBE SLE O F CALDEY S. WALES Y, I ,

FIFTH THOUSAND

IF YOU CAN P IF YO U VE RAY, HA IN ANY DEGREE ACQUIRED THE ART E FOR ’ S S KE HOLY , TH N GOD A AND FOR MAN ’S SAKE DO NOT DO Y E SE VE RSE AN THING L . GI YOU LF

TO IT : CONTINUE ON THE MOUNT WITH HANDS UPRAISED — THERE WILL BE NO LACK O F FIGHTERS W BE W WHO W MP DO N LO , ILL TRIU H BY THE E P OF S ” H L YOUR PRAYER .

Clem ents

P AGE LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

v P REFACE OF THE GENERAL ED ITOR The Re . k 1x W. R. S e d Rector o Kir b Underda le Yor h pher , f y ,

CHRONOLOGI CAL INDEX

SYNOPS I S

HI T T IT E i b Re v S ORY OF HE C OMMUN Y d ted y the . h E . H m i Da D D i ew o Abbe wm ir er tage y, . V f y C 3

O UR P U O M D AN R B RP SE , ETHO , D ULE y

Do m Aelre d C . S. E Abbot o a lde arlyle , O f C y 53

A DAY ALDEY C E. H. D AT . 95

CALDEY ABBEY BU I LD ING FUND HORARIUM

P Ax T Y P AP R COMM I , HE QUARTERL E OF THE UN TY

THE G UEST HOUSE

H I T E CONFRATERNITY OF S. BENED CT

Q D L D THE ME A AN CROSS OF S. BENEDI CT REQUIREMENTS FOR P OSTULANTS

THE GO LD I M OF A D N a 1 OD O T ES ENGL N J. e le 09 COMMUNITY HANDICRAFTS GENERAL INFORMATION

niet of jllustrations

P A GE

A F ALDEY I N F r n tis M P O C SLA D o .

THE P I C KIR Y UN AR SH HURCH , B DERDALE

THE ISLE OF CALDEY FROM THE MAI NLAND

THE P I F D G R ORY , ISLE O O S

AUTHORI ! ATION OF SOLEMN P ROFESSION

THE R R MI O A ET EAT , LT N BBAS

H P IO G CALDEY T E R RY ATEHOUSE ,

HE I G A C R CALDEY T V LLA E ND HU CH ,

THE CHARTER OF THE COMMUNITY

P AINSTHORPE

C V P AINSTHORP E HE AL ARY ,

Mo NAsTERY C P AINSTHO RP E HE HAPEL ,

A I WI S P AINSTHORP E M D THE NTER NOW,

P I C CALDEY W s i w THE R ORY HURCH , ( e t V e )

F P I C CALDEY CHANCEL O THE R ORY HURCH ,

THE I AG C CALDEY V LL E HURCH ,

’ HE - I G F CALD Y K T H C E S. L DAY 1 06 8 OME OM N , ISLE O , U E S , 9 4

DOM AELRE D C O . S. E A OT ALD Y ARLYLE , BB OF C E

DRINK IM BAY, CALDEY

THE LD P I B I I G CALDEY O R ORY U LD N S ,

THE NEW G ALDEY— P D G D P ATEHOUSE , C ROPOSE ROUN LAN AND ELEVATION

THE GU H CALDEY EST OUSE ,

’ Ebitor s [preface

E f u n o t Y task a s ditor O this Pamphlet , tho gh

u s ha s s . Fo r (lb onero , been eminently plea urable it wa s my privilege to have the Brothers a s near neighbou rs and loyal parishioners during their residence at P a in stho rpe (1 90 2 and a s I wa s more closely associated with them du ring that tim e than any o n e e ls e ou tside the Commu nity I wa s thu s afforded an u nrivalled i Opportunity o f watching its developm ent . D u ring t s earlier n o s s u ff u years , with ettled home , and ering m ch privation , n it is wonderfu l that the little band o t only kept together,

“ i s b u t qu ietly increased in nu mbers . It s a trong testimony u m f f u to the co rage and deter ination O the o nder, and the f B to attractive power o the movement . The rothers came P in sth r e a to o f s fo r u a o p s a haven re t ; , altho gh they lived a s s a n d n o t w s w ssu there tenant , o ner , they ere a red that they cou ld remain there u ntil in the providence Of Go d a permanent place o f s ettlem ent shou ld be found . The tim e P in stho r e a s f Of s pent at a p w there ore a period transition ,

a s su o n e Of . s and, ch , importance and anxiety Under ea ier s su Off t s s O condition un itable men might er hem elve , and S W it wa s necessary to test Vocation s very carefu lly . ith s s u s O s increa ing number the Rule m t be more rigidly b erved , SO that n o laxity o r carelessness might creep in and be

ffi u to . l n e di c lt eradicate The b ending into o , with devotion to m s o f f a s R u s Of their co mon purpo e li e a eligio Family ,

Of s s s . men diver e antecedent , take time and patience There w s s s f s : b u o n ere ome di appointment , O cour e u t the res lt, s f u f s looking back over the pa t o r and hal year , and comparing n o t the Community , merely in numbers , but in tone and s u w f w general Condition (mental and pirit al) , hen it le t ith w wa s w i s f . e hat it hen it came , eminently grati ying Ther ha s u ndoubtedly been real and solid progress . The relations Of Old between the Monastic Orders and the w w s O f u s parochial clergy ere al ay delicate , and the ld di fic ltie

fi i x a‘ E oitor's p reface

‘ might eas ily recur . It i s therefore pleasant t o record ho w u niformly cordial my relations have been with the Abbot and

a ll . W s the Community hen they fir t came here , having s n o r w neither prie t chapel , they ere obliged to come to the fo r B parish church Holy Communion . u t they did not

content themselves with that . Though their many Ofli c e s

took up much time , they yet came regularly to the Sunday s s s morning and evening ervice , ang in the Choir (one being s fo r f w organi t hal the time they ere here) , and helped in the

S S . Of s as s fo r f unday chool One them tarted a Cl arm lads, w s ss u hich proved a great ucce , attracting a large n mber, and n bringi g many to Confirmation and Holy Communion . If the Regu lars and Seculars had always worked together a s s s fo r s we have done, many rea on Di s olu tion would have been - u i non exis tent . B t it s a happy augury fo r t he futu re ; fo r Calde s n o r a C though on y I land there are pa ochi l lergy, and

' the I sla nders are entirely dependent o n the Community fo r u s s we fo r all s pirit al mini tration , look developments i n time to w s s u come , hen Communitie are cattered over the co ntry, is s f r s upplementing the ordinary min tration , caring o neglected s n e w f an d n s pot , bringing li e energy to brighten ma y a e s n s f s lonely and d ponde t prie t, and give him re h hope . This i s looking at the active Side o f Community life (na tural i s ts . to a parish prie t) , rather than at contemplative side Bu t f h m the act t at , though pri arily a Contemplative Order, they f s Of w n o t n have ound line active ork i compatible , even at s w s this early stage in their hi to ry , ith per onal spiritu al s fo r w development , hold out hope much definite practical ork when they have men trained and ready t o go where they are ld w i f . a e s ts s O ss wanted And C y I land, ith tradition mi ionary

a n t o s . s a s Of activity, Should be incentive thi The int Iona d f f u s s s w f a and Lin is arne o nd tho e I land , a ay rom the h unts Of s o f s i u a st t w o f w men , centre p rit l reng h , in the po er hich they cou ld go for th and teach and organize over large areas .

Bu t this neces sa rily lies in the future . Fo r the present

is . s to there plenty to do at , home There are building erect , t w i w i s to much to ge into order, h ch ill tax the r energie the E u fu ll. nglish Ch rch people , clergy and laity , have already

s w m . s hown much interes t in , and ympathy ith, the move ent The u se made o f the Guest House at P a in stho rpe during the o f s Of s o n last two years is an evidence thi , and the de ire the part o f many t o ge t into touch with the real life fi o f the

e u f s f . Commu nity , and r ap Spirit al re re hment rom it In their n e w su rrou ndin gs it is natu ral to expect that the area fo r w s Of the o f intere s t will be widened , ith the acqui ition

fi x .»

B DIIOt ’S p reface

I sland a s monastic property there is a gu arantee fo r permanence and room fo r development that they have never s i f had before . Thi Pamphlet s the kind O publication that

a great many people will be glad to Obtain . It gives a brief b u t highly interesting account Of the history o f Abbot Ae lr e d hi B s w his s s and s rother , beginning ith boyi h de ires which

so . its s w have been happily realized And later Chapter , ith r s Of u s o f s f pa ticular the P rpo e and Method the Mona tic Li e , w its s to O w ill enable reader realize the bject in vie , and arrive at an intelligent understanding o f the principles which u n o w a s . nderlie it, in past days

E E R . SH PH RD .

K I RBY NDERDAL CTORY ORK U E RE , Y , ’ S . D a vid s D a y , Mar h c 7 , 7907 .

Chronological Snoer

D AT E P AGE

Ma he h 1 0 . t C m m i s P a in st o r e Ki b 9 2 rch , o un ty goe to p , r y U d d ale Y k l c d its di s sal b n er , or (p a e at po y Lord Ha lifax)

h A b is Of 1 0 . O c b r d b e m is si o f t e c 9 3 to er 3 , y p r on r h hop Y k Ab b Ae lr e d i s s a lle d a n d Ble ss d b or , ot In t e y the Bi shop o f Fond -d u —La c

1 0 . N e m b e b e m is si o f the A c b i s Of 9 4 ov r , y p r on r h hop Y k Ab b Ae lr e d i s O d a i e d D a an d or , ot r n e con P riest b y the Bishop Of Fond -d u -La c

th Ab b c e i s the So le m n P r o January 2 5 , the ot re ve * fe ssi s O f B e s He G e e a n d Sa m s on roth r nry , org , on

S e m b th C m m i e s o s ept er 2 9 , the o un ty nter upon p

s e ssi o f sl o f C a lde S . Wa le s on the I e y,

O b 1 8th C m m i a i e s Cald e cto er , the o un ty rr v at y from P a instho r p e

N T E — Bo th he re a n d i n the Histo r tha t fo llo ws the n a m e s o f O , y , tho se o n ly who have m a de their So le m n P ro fe ssio n s a t this da te (1 907 ) are m e n ti n i h a r Bre thr en in Sim le Vo ws o ed . In a dd tio n to the se t e re e p ,

No ice s a n d Ob la te s. v ,

fi x iv e ‘ Synopsis

history of tb e Gom m unitg P AGE

U I The W k o f Si Y a s INTROD CT ON . or xty e r

A S i e s o f Se a CH PTER I . anctuar the

The B i i s o f C m m i II . eg nn ng the o un ty

P i fo r M s i Lif III . reparat on the ona t c e

The Fi s S l m P f ssi IV. r t o e n ro e on The Form in g o f the Comm unity

he P i d Of P b i VI . T er o ro at on

The o f C a e VII . Grant the h rt r

s lid i P a in stho r e VIII . Con o at on at p

IX The s lla i Of Ab b Ae lr e d . . In ta t on ot Ordination The I sle o f Ca lde y

®ar p urpose , m etb oo, ano 1Rule

I. P U RP OSE

Fundam enta l P rinc iple s The Suprem ac y Of G o d Voc ation Assoc iation in a Com m on Ai m

The M s ic Lif R Fi s P i i le s ona t e , a eturn to r t r nc p The Rec overy Of the Com m on Life Six Aim s Of the Re ligious Life The Religious a n d Sec ular States The Divine Counsels The Foundations Of the Religious Life The Nee d Of the Conte m plative Life

P P im a W k Of lo i rayer , the r ry or the C ster

“st xv e 'v Synopsis

II. METHOD m ,

Three Princ ipal Form s o f the Religious Life The Ac tive Life The Contem plative Life The Mixed Life These are On e in Aim

l l B di c The Ho y Ru e o f S . ene t The Ethos o f the Be nedi c tine Life P rayer a n d Work

The Di i e Offic a n d c ss P a v n e , Inter e ory r yer Materia l a n d Spiritual Work Line s Of D evelopm e nt Authority A Need o f the Churc h The Ne c essity fo r Slow Growth Signs o f Voc a tion The Four Sea ls o f a Bene dic tine Voc ation The Choi c e o f Me n The Ob liga tion o f the Vows The Re ce ption o f Postula nts Novic ia te Sim ple Vows Sole m n P rofe ssion

III. RULE

h l f B di T e Ho y Ru le o S . ene ct Sum m a ry o f the Holy Rule The Rea sona b le ne s s o f the Holy Ru le Governing P rinc iples— La b our a n d Ob e di e nc e The Divine Offic e Tem pora l Work Study Ob e dience The Benedi ctine Ab b ot Five Esse nti als Conc lusion

at x v i al

b istorp of tb e oom m unitp

INTRODUCTION

(the Work of S ixty wears

HE following pages are written in order to give a Short account Of a Recovery o f the Benedictine Life in the f s m Church Of England . They deal with a period o o e

f s is f 1 8 2 to 1 0 6 . ourteen year , that , rom 9 9 To place it in its proper historical s etting we mus t go back E to an earlier date . Sixty years a go the Church in ngland wa s s lowly recovering from the lethargy which had benumbed f w her during many generations . The Re ormation (ho ever great may have been the need o f pu rging her from abuses

wa s f f s t o w s s . which had crept in) , a ear ul hock her hole y tem s she wa s At certain period in great peril and though , by the Of Go d s he ss u w u ss o f grace , pa ed thro gh the ordeal itho t lo f a s f ss her Catholic identity , She emerged rom it rom a Sickne which left her enfeebled and u nable to apply herself to her task with that energy which the times and her Divine character

. w wa s s u s demanded Then , hen She till nnerved , came the year o f E f w s ff a s f the Puritan rule in ngland , rom hich She u ered rom a chill blas t . To this succeeded the dangers which su rrou nded her in the riotou s times o f reaction that came with the Re sto ra tion : a n d they in tu rn yielded to the deadening influences o f w — s ss o f the Hanoverian era , hen weakened by the ece ion the Nonjurors— Erastianism a nd M a terialis m almost drained her f o her strength . s a s s he wa s s o f u s Yet , exhau ted by the train the three cent rie w she ss she s u s through hich had pa ed , urvived , beca e the Divine f wa s s s w ss she wa s s li e in her , becau e, de pite her eakne , till o f w a living part the Catholic Church , ith all her inherent f s s fo r s ss acultie exi ting , though the time impaired by the ickne so u that had long nderm ined her con stitu tion . In the third decade o f the nineteenth century she began to s w s s o f u n he to ho ign ret rni g he a lth and strength . S began 3 3 5 his tory of tbe c om m unitp

s f exert her el once more , to realize her Divine character ; and w s o f w s she w s ith the exerci e her po er gre tronger, more des irous and capable o f filling the place which Go d had ss o a igned to her eighteen hundred years ag . As time passe d o n s he took up again firs t one duty an d then another : claim in s s t o s o s s o n e g her privilege , and ri ing her re p n ibilitie , as recovering from an illness gradually regains the power o f work . Among the losses she had Suffered none wa s more serious f than that o the ordered Religiou s Life . The tyranny o f a p ro fiiga t e K ing demanded from the Church Of England the f sacrifice o her ancient Religious Orders . Bewildered a s She wa s by the s trangeness o f the times they were torn from her f s he a s su r be ore w able to organize her resistance . The pp es s o f s s wa s a c t ion the Mona terie not her , nor did She give to f it her ree consent. Gradually recovering her s trengt h She be gan to as sert m ore boldly her essential Catholicity ; to proclaim more audibly the great central doctrines o f the Faith ; to vindicate more Clearly s l o f i s t o f the Apo to ic character her M ni try , the validi y her s s s : as Sacrament , in hort, her Divine origin and de tiny and , s o f s t o s w s st s a con equence thi , re ume her ancient ay and cu om ,

w s d . too long in abeyance , though never holly di carde Men had thought her dead till the Lord o f Life bade her ris e a n d

a s she s o f . serve Him , had erved yore W l s a s ss w s s o f s hi e thi w in progre , hile the en e per onal s s wa s Hi s re ponsibility to a per onal God deepening , and ways were being realized more and more a s ways o f orda ' n o t f f s s fo r f s and O con u ion , the de ire the li e dedicated olely had w e o u t t o Him grew and fru c tifi e d . It never holly di d it never c an die out in the Catholic Church— throughou t the three hundred lean years that had pas sed . Here and there were found s ome who had lived the Disciplined Life so fa r a s s : se s it wa s possible . The witnes remained the Divine Coun l still held sway over s ome e arnest s ou ls who long ed fo r the closes t possible u nion with their Lord Whom they loved W s s f u fu s above all other, and in ho e ervice they o nd their lle t jo y and sat isfa ction . It is but In the order o f things that su ch as are like min de d u l : w o f s u a Sho d gather together and , ith the recovery pirit l earnestness there came the congregating o f those whose a s f o f o ld paramount desire wa s to s erve their Lord , rom

e f o f l . He had ever been serv d , in the Common Li e Re igion ff t o s f t o w f In their e orts regain thi Li e , hich they elt that o d w fo r m nt G wa s calling them , they dre their equip e

03 4 }

his tory of the Com m unity

’ is n o w o f f E it a recognized part the Church s li e in ngland . It ha s not only called forth the latent devotion Of many devou t h s s u s o f w o w s a s . u s on and da ghter God , other i e might , Dr P ey f Off s s f eared , have gone into irregular path , or ought rom Rome f s E b u t ha s s s u the privilege re u ed by ngland, it al o been a o rce f u s o ntold bles ing to unnumbered souls . The spiritual equipment o f the Catholic Chu rch ha s been u s s s o f w enriched by the Religio Hou e , both men and omen , which t o -day stud o u r land with centres o f devotion and charity : and it is quite impossible to over-rate their educa tio n a l value in preparing fo r the recovery Of the strictly

s f . w ss Mona tic Li e Indeed , it ould have been impo ible, s s s u s B humanly peaking , to re tore among t the enedictine f — s b u t s u Li e Which permit , doe not req ire, external activity , being fundamentally contemplative — had n o t the Restoration been preceded by the foundation o f modern Sisterhoods and o f su ch Societies a s Cowley and Mirfie ld — Communities which devote themselves t o externa l active work (with a s s o f s so devotion the ource their trength) , and , even in s o f w s f f the the eye the orld , ju ti y the Li e they lead by work they undertake . Yet the Contemplative Life o f the Benedictine is a s fu ll o f activity a s the Life o f thos e who are engaged in exterior f works o f charity . The Activities o God are not all seen His energy is not all exercised in works o f which man may take cognizance : and a s the exterior works o f Religious s V s o f so corre pond to the i ible activity God , the Contem “ pla tiv e Life corresponds to His invisible activity . T heir f is w s s s li e hid ith Chri t in God , ab orbed in the activitie f O f i s an o Him Who is Life . In the world nature there immens e storage o f power : God Himself is infinitely greater than His revelations o f Himself : so in the world o f grace ha s fo r s f s w w He ever kept Him el ome to hom , and in hom , s s f f His h He reveal Him el more ully, that in C urch there m a s Of s w o f y be a re erve piritual po er , a concentration s who Spiritual energy . Hence there have ever been ome have been called by God to withdraw thems elves from active s f s ervice that they might minister be ore Him in prayer , prai e , a s s s s o f s u s E and adoration . And the en itivenes o l in ngland became quickened some felt drawn by Him to give them s elves wholly to this Life o f Retirement— m o t that they might f Him a n d His b u t es cape rom their responsibilities towards , that they might perform them more fully . AS in the individual there needs to be a balance o f work i u w and repos e ; a s in nature there s s mmer and inter , hill and J G J (the Work of Sirty wears

s so o f Go d dale, and light and hade ; in the Church there u s s f s— f s m t needs be compen ating orce orce , each comple

m e n tin s . g , upporting and enriching the other In the realm ’ both o f natu re and o f grace the infinite variety o f God s f Is His s s per ection reflected , and indivi ible Unity find

s ss s o f w is . diver e expre ion , none hich contradictory

Go d fu lfils Him se lf in m an wa s y y , r Le st o n e go o d c u sto m Sho u ld c o rru p t the wo ld .

s -Be So n o f Go d s f No one man , ave the Only gotten Him el , His c a n reveal God and reflect Him in Divine Fullnes s . f o u r s s u His There ore , recognizing limitation , He call pon s to s s s w s ervant place them elve in uch relation ith Him , s that , combining in infinite variety , and everally employing their God -given talents they may in some degree exhibit and c orrespond t o the Fullness o f Him that fille thall in s is all . Thu exhibited the truth that There are diver

o f f s b u t s S . ff s ities gi t , the ame pirit And there are di erences

o f s s b u t s . admini tration , the ame Lord And there are diver s o f s is s w ities operation , but it the ame God that orketh all ” in all . It is a s imperative that an opportunity fo r exercising the f o f s u ff a s fo r li e Divine Contemplation ho ld be o ered , the

performance o f works o f mercy . Some s ou ls are called to n e s : the o , and ome are equally called to the other both

s —“ o f Go d : o n e having but one in piration the Love, and but — aim the Glory o f Go d . Those who are mos t active in the World most readily appreciate the worth o f the Spiritu al

Life that may be s tored in the Cloister . To the pres ent need o f the restoration o f the Contemplative Life let the following words from the Regiu s Professor o f Ecclesiastical History in the University o f Oxford he a r their eloquent s If s i s to m te timony ociety be per eated by religion , there mu st be Reservoirs o f Religion : like those great storage places u p among the hills which feed the pipes r s b y which i h W water s carried t o every home in t e city . e need a s pecial class o f Stu dents o f God— o f men and women whos e primary and absorbing interest it is to work o u t the Spiritual ” L f its u in te rit . s Li e in all p rity and g y 1 Another , in the mid t o f his w s s w s active ork in London , plead in the e burning ord If o u if y can pray , you have in any degree acquired the holy

I o r - x11 6 . C . . 4 ‘ ' Wa side N tes i n E ccles ia sti ca l ist r o H o . B D r Bi R u f . e i s P ro e sso r l y y y gg , g o f Ec le sia sti ca l Histo r in th U n i e rsit o f x f rd 1 c e O o . . y v y , p 35 $ 7 } ‘his tory or the c om m u nity

’ ’ f r f r s s d n t d art , then o God s sake and o man ake o o o anything else . Give you rself to it continue o n the Mou nt with ha nds s f w who . n o s w uprai ed There Will be o lack fighter do n belo , w ” ill triu mph by the help o f your prayers .

D W P s n a l Li o tb c Cler . r. A . Ro b in o n er o e . s , f f gy Sanctuaries of the Se a

C HAPTE R I

S anctuaries of the S ea

LANDS fo r s s S have an attraction manymind , e pecially f r s a s s s s o uch ive them elve to tudy and contemplation . Severance grom the mainland not only Secures retire ff s s s s s s . ment , but ugge t the eclu ion it a ord Yet the wide expanse o f se a around and sk y above entices the s o f f r- mind to dwell on thought high and a reaching import . is is s Se clusion conducive to contemplation , and dear to tho e

who wis h to gain insight into the things o f God . Thus it is that I slands have Often been the Homes o f men whos e retire ha s m s s ment enabled the both to erve God more Clo ely , and

‘ also to influ ence the outer world in a greater degree than would have be en poss ible had they mingled more freely - with their fellow men . “ The Isle that is called Patmos ha s taught u s that - s b e ss to s ho s this may at lea t po ible tho e w thu live apart . B wa s S. John , the eloved , the Divine , there permitted to

see into the mysteries o f God . Not in the stress o f outward s s o f s activity , but in the remotene that rugged I land in the W e a wa s t . w s Icarian S , the Revela ion made hile the ind w the w s its s s s s s f ble , and ave beat on rocky hore , Je u Him el came and raised the veil fo r one whom s eclusion had prepared

fo r e s . s a s s th Divine Vi ion There , in Patmo in a Cloi tered sa w o n W s B s Cell , he Him ho e rea t he once had leaned , W n f at hose Feet he o w ell in adoring love . 8 0 u s s s o f , three h ndred year later , God cho e the I land Le rin s a s w , in the Mediterranean , the place to hich He H o n o ra t u s o called , Hilary , Vincent , and many an ther , that w s s His they might holly yield them elve to Him , and learn - s s . se a s u greatne and / love In the girt I le He ta ght them , a s ss w f s w and thence time pa ed , on ent orth a piritual po er E which made urope Christian .

a g e lv b is tory of the Com m unity

Our o wn i slands o f Iona and Lindisfarne are hallowed s pots to all who knowought o f the Saints who there sought f f “ and ound their Lord , and by their love spread orth the f o f f s ame their air Father Chri t , and brought fierce Scotland E and northern ngland to find in Him their peace . Would h f Columba , Aidan , Cuthbert , and the Monks w o ollowed s s s w them in the e I land Cell have been the men they ere , and w done the ork they did , had they lived in the busy world that lay beyond the bounds they se t themselves ? Bu t u s ss their direct infl ence on other , and the mi ionary zeal which led s ome o f them to cross the s e a and seek the w f i s s f heathen in the orld they had le t , not the es ence o the f s f value o their live in the sight o God . They held spiritu al f ss s ss ss o f w ortre e , the po e ion hich enabled the Church to fi wage wa r with s ucces s in the earlier days o f her e x ist e c e . h f B S e did not then put all her orces in the open field . u t n o w o f - ss ha s n a policy over eagerne , to a large exte t , permitted these s trongholds n o t only to be dis mantled by s ss ha s s u the enemy , to our un peakable lo , but even di co nted the s ervices rendered by their garrisons .

It is true that Patmos ha s still its Monas tery o f S . John ’ s w a s S s the Divine , till a valley kno n The aint Valley , ” “ - and still The Cave o f the Apocalypse . Bu t to day Iona i s s -f w s o f s s in ruin , and the torm retted all the Holy I le u s s ha s w ss fo r s hame , who e impatience rought le God than the concentration o f those who in calmness waited on Him . B o f f Their names are written not only in the ook Li e , but als o in the lives o f countless thousands who have lived since their day— brought to the s aving knowledge o s o d by the prayers and influence o f the holy lives o f thos e whom they sa w o n e w w s o f never w, but whom they ill day greet ith ord gratitude : Fro m thy m o u th ’ We he a rd o f e su s lo e a n d thin e the han d J v , ” Tha t b ro u ght u s to His fe e t .

Ca lde u n o w w to f s s s y, tho gh unkno n ame , may al o be cla ed I s ha s among the Sanctuaries o f the Se a . ts hi tory long been s u s v eiled in ob c rity , but recent publication have brought to light the interesting facts briefly alluded to in Chapter X . f his s A hundred years before S . Columba ounded Mona tery

. Ill u d a s o f s on Iona (AD . S t w Abbot the Celtic Mona tery f Ca lde w wa s o f o y, hich even then a centre educational and F r u s s wa s missionary activity . o nearly a tho and year it , l s s : fo r a s will be told later, exc u ively Mona tic then three s : n o w o and a half centu ries it lay de olate but , in the g od

history of the Com m u nity

CHAPTER II

Che iBeginnings of the Community

H E s o f s s o f s o f hi tory Mona tici m , Order and individual

s s is s o f s s . On e Hou e , the hi tory mode t beginning To i s s s . oul , here or there , the call come , and obeyed The i s u s ws f is vocation realized ; the p rpo e gro , the Li e lived . Then to others als o the Divine Will is revealed . The f is s s Community once ormed te ted by poverty , by oppo ition , w f f by the encounter ith di ficulties o many kinds . The weak f s s . ws ail , the trong per evere The Community gro , and by the time that the world at large knows o f its existence it ha s

o f s . ss reached the point tability In quietne and in confidence , w s in patient aiting upon the Divine leading , all Communitie which have in any degree realized the Religious Ideal have ss We s s s pa ed their first years . hould almost u pect the s f o f tability , and doubt the uture a Community which came w s the f o f into being ithout any te ting by poverty , by ailure s f o f s hope , by the alling through plans which had eemed to pro m ise well . E s w fo r s u s And in the ngli h Church , here everal cent rie the s f ha s w s w Religiou Li e been in abeyance , though al ay ith the ’ ss o f s s s po ibility re toration in God good time , the mode t beginning ha s been the invariable ru le in recent years . The res toration o f Religion ha s had to contend with many f b di ficulties . Permanence and stability have een gained We s s a s we n s r . through ma y a t uggle Should de ire thi , w . w s s is a s u r expect it For that hich co t little , a r le , o th no h more t an it costs . When a lad o f twelve years o f a ge Abbot Ae lr e d Carlyle ’ f his fa the r s lib ra r w Monks a nd Mona s ound in l y a ork entitled i f ter es . . . wa s s , by the Rev S Fox It rom thi volume that he first con s ciously received the impuls e which ha s been the - its s master motive o f his life . AS he pored over page the Che fi eginnings of the Com m unity conviction came to him that he wa s called to lead the Benedic f w w s tine Li e , a conviction hich gre only more clear and trong s f u a s the years went by . He kept thi ideal be ore him thro gh his school -days ; and when in 1 892 he began his medical u s his wa s s se t u s f w st die , mind till pon the Religiou Li e , ith a

B . A definite attraction t o the great Order o f S . enedict s a s tu dent in o n e o f the London hospitals he lived a s Clo sely in B hi f f accordance with the Ru le o f S . enedict a s s state o li e w s s o f t o w ould permit , trying never to lo e ight that hich he ' s f s his s s f had dedicated him el , cheri hing hope , preparing him el , forming ideals which might be realized in the future . It wa s in the s ame year that the possibility o f attaining his

s s s f . des ire fir t pre ented it el , quite unexpectedly He paid an apparently accidental visit t o the Benedictine Nuns at w n o w o f s who T ickenham ( Malling Abbey , near Maid tone) , ,

w o f . under the s anction and ith the authority Dr Temple , then B h o f w s is op London , ere among the fir t to revive the Order

E . o f S . Benedict in the nglis h Church The visit wa s great its s s fo r a s B in con equence , it made him realize that the ene e f fo r so di tine Li e had already been revived women , it might f be o r men . o f s who o f The Chaplain the Nun , held the licence the Bi o f wa s u o f B o f s o f shop London , the S perior a and Oblate n s s o f ix h n . B s w o w so S e edict , con i ting young men , ere livi g B fa r a s a w u o f S . they could in accord nce ith the R le enedict , . o f f m if f in the hope eventually orming a Com unity, they ound that they had vocations . Into this band the young medical s wa s f B Ae lr e d tudent admitted , under the name o rother , and so he came fo r the first time into touch with the Religious

f . ss o f s n o t s Li e The A ociation Oblate did la t long , being

. Bu diss olved by the Su perior . t in the meantime Brother Ae lre d w s o f , ith the con ent the Superior, had gathered ten E h w wa s . young men round him at aling , ere he then living They hired a room in which they met fo r s uch offices a s they were able to sa y together and la ter o n they were able to rent w s E w a hole hou e at aling , here they spent a s much time a s o ss fo r u u p ible , meeting there devotion and m t al help , and s a s taying there their various occupations permitted . This s - f fo r two s w qua i common li e continued year , during hich time w e s w s s s r they ere engag d in pari h ork , be ide te ting thei voca - s . s o f s a f tion A econd centre Oblate w s ormed at Chatham , hav ing the s ame objects in view ; and to both s ocieties the Rev. Mother at Malling s howed hers elf a warm a n d sym f w pathetic riend , elcoming the Oblates to the Abbey fo r their a u W nn al Chapter at hitsuntide . He r kindnes s to the Co m “ history of the Com m unity

munity at this early stage o f its his tory can never be f orgotten . The year 1 895 marked another stage in the development o f

the Community . At this time a friend who cherished s ome w ’ s s wa s in s o f S . s s o f hat imilar aim living the pari h John , I le s wa s Dog , and actively engaged in parochial work there under

. . . w . E . . the Vicar, the Rev D G Co an , and the Rev Hartley He s uggested that Brother Ae lre d and the other Oblates s f s o f s o n hould join him there , and orm the nucleu a ettlement s s w w t o Religiou line , hich ould enable them gain practical se e if s f experience , and to they could ri e eventuallyto a ull l acceptance o f the Benedictine Life and Rule . Brother Ae re d s t o s ff fo r s f s who re olved accept thi o er him el , and to a certain among the Oblates would be willing to devote himself de finitely f to the Religious Life . At the Whits untide Chapter o that ss to s w h s year he gave an addre the Oblate , in hic he aid f The Oblates o f S . Benedict consist o men living in the w ws o f s orld under yearly vo Poverty, Cha tity , and Obedience ,

and Obs erving the Ru le o f S . Benedict a s fa r a s their s ecular s f f is to s tate o life allows . The chie object discover and te t individual vocations fo r the Monastic State to learn the Ru le f s f s t o and Customs o the Religiou Li e , and in thi manner prevent the failure o f vocations when the Regular Community

f f o f S . B s hould be ormed . In the uture the whole Rule enedict is i s w to be observed in ts primitive au terity , ith all the ancient

cu stoms and traditions o f the Benedictine Order .

The daily duties o f the Oblates were then defined . Admis s ion to the Society wa s to be preceded by a probation o f Six u r months . O b lates were to be enco raged to take pa t in

w s s . n e w s parochial ork , under the pari h prie t The condition under which the Oblates were in future to live were to be to regarded only a s a s tage in development , preparatory the o f formation o f a Regular Community . The acceptance the invitation to the I sle o f Dogs would enable them to gain

experience in Rule and Order , and to find and prepare men t s to f w fitted and called by God o give up all thing , and ollo n w s f . o Christ in the wa y o Holy Religion Here and , aid B Ae lr d wa s rother e , their opportunity , and he proceeded to hi sketch the complete s chem e which filled s heart . There s : Should be , he aid B s (1 ) A Community o f Contemplative enedictine Monk , living in the country devoting thems elves to the s trictest s f a s w s Religiou Li e , laid do n by the Holy Rule ; pending their ss s w time in prayer and interce ion , tudy , and manual ork ; b u t n o t s w s a s accepting , eeking , external ork , uch teaching , Che m eg itm ings of the Com m unity

s to s s preaching , mini tering the ick ; the Monk rarely leaving their Cloister . f s o r w s (2 ) A House o the ame der, filled ith Active Religiou , u b u t f s under the s ame R le , in a modified orm , in London [ uch fi re d s o f s o r a s n o w o e in the I le Dog ] any great city , their u u s work lying among the poor, the ngodly , the o tca t , and any f f who needed their help . The chie object o their lives wou ld c fo r s s to ss n s ca fo r be to are oul , teach , preach , hold mi io , re s f s s o f f the ick , and ulfil the thou and obligation the per ect w u u s to w missionary . They o ld give p their live the ork , and would u ndertake n o secular employment . s s u s m u (3) Living in the ame Hou e , nder the a e R le , the s ws o f s w ame Vo Poverty , Cha tity , and Obedience , ould be - m e n who w to a l w s , though in the orld , would not belong it la yer , hi s s s s . w s o , s , clerk , etc , each orking in daily d ctor bu ine _ men f ss u s ss s w o f f pro e ion , a zealo mi ionary, ho ing by integrity li e u his u sw f GOD w and p rity , n erving and manly aith in dra ing m e n to s s s Him , gaining their tru t and re pect , and rai ing the tone o f the s ociety by which he wa s su rrou nded a n d in which s o f s - s he moved , a hining example a Chri t like Chri tian , a ’ h hi f living witness t O t e truth o f s belie . Eacho f thes e three phases o f the Religiou s Life wou ld be o f w s an integral part the hole , all centring in the Mona tery s u s proper , each complementing, taining and helping the others . Brother Ae lre d hoped that this opportunity n o w offered in the Eas t o f London might be the mean s o f beginning at least s s o f s s the econd pha e thi cheme , which might enable the firs t to be entered upon later ; so he went o n to sketch the daily life f o each o f the de partments . w o n e u o f f fo r su to s u There ould be R le Li e all , bject ch modification in the case o f the Active Religious a s their work might necessitate . In both the Hou ses there wou ld be absolu te s wa s to o f a ll and real implicity , there be entire renunciation f r f o the s ake O Christ . Only the barest neces sities o f life w w f o f s s ould be allo ed ; ood the imple t ; a bare table , hard s s f s o f u bed , re tricted peech ; a literal or aking ho se , brethren , s s f w f e s fo r o f Si ter , ather , mother, i e , childr n and land , the Love

Christ and His Gospel . He ended his Address with this appeal ha s o n e o f o u a B s t God called each y , Obl te rother , o decide ‘ n o w whether yo u will once fo r all take u p you r Cross and f w s f f r ollo Chri t , embrace the li e O the Active o Contemplative s o u f d Religiou , that y may each in you r sphere o work o the Divine Will o f you r Father ; o r whether yo u will throw o ff “ history or the Com m unity

f . B the Habit o S enedict and retu rn to the life o f the world . Brothers be up and doing Here is work to your

. B f h D o hand e care ul o w you trifle with it . not think that you can p u t aside the decision because yo u have not the courage ’ f . N is s to ace it o w the accepted time . Let your con cience f s fo r so s u a s decide , and ear not to abide by that deci ion rely

o u s w n o f . y choo e , God ill require an accou t your choice May ss to He guide and direct , may He ble and strengthen you decide i aright and fo r H s greater glory . o f f s The au sterity the Li e ab olutely yielded up to God , the o f fo r o f s s olemn reality entire Renunciation the Love Chri t , and the opportunity then opening out , had been plainly and i f B s w s mply put be ore the rothers . They li tened ith deep

s f u o f s . Bu t intere t , eeling the rgency the claim they could not bring themselves to make s uch an utter s urrender o f all they w w s f o f ere and all they had , and to lie ithout re erve at the eet

s w w w u . Chri t , that He might do ith them hat He o ld The Bu t o n e o f o s Address wa s received in grave s ilence . not th e who heard it fo u nd himself able to respond to its appeal . p reparation for the Monastic Life

CHAPTE R III

[preparation for the {m onastic l ife

N the offer from the I sle o f Dogs had lain the opportu nity f r t s o f o w . I s , _ a move on ard con tituted a te t character

o f s o f ss . incerity, and fitne ' Bu t none o f the Oblates had felt able to associate s f w B r he reA lr d o f s f- him el ith o t e e in an act el abnegation , and he wa s left alone to work o u t t problem which lay before him ; Ho w wa s he best t o fit self fo r the life to which he perceived that he wa s called H o w wa s the Order o f B f E W S . enedict to be restored to the Chu rch o ngland ? hat s teps s hould be taken to secu re its canonical restoration W There wa s n o precedent to gu ide him . hence wa s to come the help and direction he needed in this difficu lt task ? u It wa s a crisis in his life ; a time o f great anxiety . B t aft er a brief period o f s adnes s he gathered fres h hopes . He wa s confident that if Go d meant the Order to be restored He wou ld His o wn wa : u in time call the men , and reveal the y no tho ght o f his his n o o f abandoning purpose entered mind , idea turning elsewhere to fulfil his Vocation to the Monastic Life . u s u u s o f his f Q ietly and re ol tely he gathered p the thread li e , an d bent his energies to do the best that he cou ld . During the fe w s his w next month he lived at home , dividing time bet een hi ’ s s s w S . 3 s o f s . medical tudie , and ork at John , I le Dog During the week he pu rs ued his hosp ital studies with u n di m in ishe d ardou r : from Satu rday to Monday he wa s to be fou nd In E s o f w s f i w o f the a t London , thro ing him el nto the ork looking f u s fo r s s s s a ter cl b men and boy , treet preaching , holding ervice fo r s u u s his i l m children , ing medical tra ning in tending the s f hi ick , and laying the ou ndation s o f s friends hip with Mr . w i . w wa s n st Co an and Mr Hartley , with hom he con ant contact . history of the Com m unity

s w f The e months at home ere o great value to him . They e w s s hi gave him the opportunity to r vie the pa t , to trengthen s u s his s fo r f s p rpo e , to define idea the uture , and at la t to Win ’ his mother s consent to devote himself to the life which wa s hi f clearly s vocation . The dangers arising rom precipitancy were avoided ; he could await calmly the time to

a fu rther step .

Che f irst Solem n p rofession

CHAPTER IV

Che m rsr S olemn p rofession

1 8 6 Bro the n Ae lre d f . his N Lent , 9 , le t home , and joined

’ ” f th s o f s w riend in e I le Dog , living at the Priory hich o f e o f s w , b came a centre _ pari h ork under the direction s s the clergy . He took thi tep in order that he might a to s s f s to s u u be ble te t him el more clo ely , and t dy the R le which he had accepted a s the guide o f his life . E s His resolution remained unshaken . At a ter the Chaplain o f Ben e dic tin e r Nu n s o f n who s the Malli g , held the Archbi hop ’ o f s a s u n ws Canterbury licence , clothed him a Novice der Vo i n e ho is s o n in the Chapel o f the Abbey . A Novice s o w till who u s fo r probation , vol ntarily accept the time being a certain u o f f f w is s f to w w R le Li e , rom hich he till ree ithdra at any hi e . B fo r his o wn s a s Of s mom nt oth ecurity , and a pledge s B Ae lr e d s s f s incerity , rother de ired to bind him el more clo ely i f than the Novice s ordinarily bou nd . He elt that exceptional s his circu mstances demanded exceptional treatment . It wa w s ws f i h e definitely under Vo , and he there ore pledged him s elf in e pres ence o f the Chaplain to keep the R u le fo r a ws b f to year, the Vo being renewa le rom year year

D u ring the two years which he s pent in the parisho f S. ’ s s o f o s s f s o f John , I le D g , the ympathy and riend hip the clergy f o B . the paris h were ever extended to him . oth Mr Cowan

. him b C s su . and Mr Hartley aided _ y oun el and pport They were warmly interested in the object which he had se t befor e hi m . s , and took wide and generou s views o f his plans It wa s B A lr d t u f s a great upport to rother e e o have s ch riend at hand , w s s ready ith guidance and encouragement . Les on were learned w s s s u w and arning accepted , in tho e two year , d ring hich the S o f s B enior the pre ent Community , rother Henry , joined him a s s u n e f s o n a Po t lant , the only o o the first five Novice the s o f s who s I le Dog per evered .

fi l g fi history of the Com m unity

w s s o f 1 8 B Ae lr e d w To ard the clo e 97 rother ent to the Vicar ,

. . . w s n the Rev D G Co an , and aid that he had o w been a Novice fo r two s nearly year , and had been during that time in clos e w w u hi s contact ith him , orking nder direction in the paris h . s u w ss : s The call pon him ere ince ant they made demand which , w r u o f s hile they gave him the oppo t nity ervice , diverted him f o f B f w a hi rom the living the enedictine Li e , hich w s s ultimate aim . He felt that the time had n o w come when the strain o f w w active ork , in hich he had gained valuable experience and s s u s fo r f di cipline , ho ld be relinqui hed a quieter li e in the country , where he might prepare himself fo r the Contemplative Life s hi toward which all s desires tended .

. f Mr Cowan ully understood and sympathized . Brother Ae lre d w o n t o a sk if w f s f ent he ould eel ju tified , rom what he o f w f knew him , in riting to the Archbis hop o Canterbury

. t o s fo r t w w u s (Dr Temple) , ecure him an in ervie , ith the p rpo e ’ o f asking the Archbishop s au thorization fo r his Profession a s a Benedictine Monk .

h . . COwa n s w s B s Mr a ked y the Dioce an (Dr Creighton , i hop o f London) should n o t be approached ; and Brother Ae lre d f B pointed o u t that if the Order o S . enedict were to be restored E s s fittin l in the ngli h Church , it could mo t g y be done by the

s o f E . highe t Authority , the Primate All ngland

. . w to s Mr Cowan concurred He rote the Archbi hop , and f w two s o f w w H is there ollo ed month aiting , hile Grace con side r e d the circumstances o f the cas e . At last an interview w fo r I st 1 8 . Bu t w to a s fixed December , 97 the intervie had s w ss o f s a n d wa s be po tponed , o ing to the illne the Archbi hop , it not until February 1 1 th o f the following year that another B Ae lr e d w to could be arranged . On that day rother ent to his s an d s f Lambeth Palace , lay hope plan be ore the

Primate . He wa s received by the Archbishop with the greates t kind fo r ss . s to ss ne The Archbi hop , keenly alive the nece ity the f E s restoration o f the Religious Li e in the ngli h Church , had f o f f its ollowed every stage the movement , rom inception in

w o f . 1 845 . He had known and appreciated the ork the Rev o f w was B s o f E Mother Malling Abbey , hile he i hop xeter, ’ when s he wa s a Sister in Miss Sellon 3 Commu nity at a s s o f a w Plymouth , and Archbi hop C nterbury he had rene ed ’ the licence Of the Nuns Chaplain which his predecessor w s s B . (Dr . en son) had granted He had taken the arme t intere t w B s o f in the work o f Sisterhoods while he a s i hop London , and w had him self received Professions . And he ent into every ’ f A lre d s a s to his f detail o Brother e s plan , catechizing him li e, fl u tho r iza tio n So le m n P rofe ssio n

To fac e p age 20

Che f irst Solem n p rofession

s w h s u ss his f work , and motive ith c aracteri tic thoro ghne , ace s s o f u w lighting up with udden gleam humo r , hile he revealed i his s ympathy and goodness o f heart . Dr . Temple s poke o f hs o wn attempt to establis h a Religio u s Commu nity : he dwelt with m u ch earnestness o n the increasing need there wa s fo r

s f s fo r m en . s restoring the Religiou Li e , e pecially He aid that fo r B u w he had a great veneration the enedictine R le, hich had E s s so well served ngland in the pa t , and might again erve her in the future ; he laid particular stress o n the Scriptural tone f B u w wa s f m : f o the enedictine R le , ith which he a iliar he elt that it wa s singularly well adapted to meet the needs o f the s to ss hi s s pre ent day , and he heartily prayed God ble pre ent action in regard to it . The Archbis hop gave Brother Ae lr e d his sanction t o lead B f to ld him to to the enedictine Li e , and come him again at the “ o f two s t o his ffi s fo r Fo u n da end year , receive o cial anction the

f r f B E . tion o the O der O S . enedict in ngland Then he s olemnly bless ed Brother Ae lr e d . Three days afterwards he s ent him the Authorization fo r his

S f s s a s a o f o f S. B olemn Pro e ion Monk the Order enedict , w i hich s here reprodu ced . This Solemn Profession wa s made in du e order in the

o f 1 1 a m . o n u u es Chapel Malling Abbey , at Qinq ag ima Su 2 0 th 1 8 8 B e lre d nday, February , 9 , and rother A became Ae lre d f to s b u t u Father , not in re erence the prie thood , in virt e f hi o s s f ss m u . Religiou Pro e ion , ade under proper a thority is s o f u f It to be noted that the Archbi hop Canterb ry, a ter s s s s hi s igning the nece ary paper , delegated s authority in thi to o f matter the Chaplain Malling Abbey , empowering the t o h Chaplain act in is stead . He made express choice o f this u s e u s his f partic lar prie t , b ca e he held licence a s Chaplain o the B s n enedictine Nun , a Commu ity which he had s anctioned and s w a B f vi ited hen he w s ishop o London . And it is important to remember that the Lam beth Confer Hi ence , over which s Grace had presided only a fe w months f s u ss be ore , had di c ed the qu estion o f Religiou s Comm unities . The Encyclical Letter o f the Bishops had stated their convio tIo n that s u ch Commu nities were capable o f rendering great s s to ervice the Church , and that they had indeed already done so ; while a formal Resolu tion o f the Conference recognized w ith thankfulness the revival alike o f Brotherhoods and Sister

s . s f wa s a t s m f s hood The ubject , there ore , thi ti e re h in the ’ s s t f Archbi hop mind , and he wa s prepared o consider with u ll knowledge o f the whole su bject the requ est which Brother Ae lre d f laid be ore him .

$ 2 1 » history of the Com m unity

wa s - r f It pre eminently characte istic o Dr . Temple that he s pared neither time nor pain s in mastering the essential facts o f s s fo r hi t any ca e ubmitted s decision . He went o the root o f s s s b e the matter , he te ted men , he verified tatement , s s f to w his s . crutinized detail , until he elt able dra conclu ion s hi s u ss his c s n s Men tru ted thoro ghne , and they accepted de i io , fo r they knew that they were arrived at only after full and s mo t patient investigation . ’ Father Ae lre d s request had thrown u pon the Archbishop a

s s . re pon ibility which wa s by n o means light . Upon Dr ’ s u s s o n his Temple action m ch depended . An adver e deci ion part would have delayed the restoration o f the Benedictine

f . f s Li e On the other hand , a avourable deci ion had given the s s movement indi putable authority , and a character and po ition which commended it t o the Englis h Church . He had been Ae lr e d W o u directly and explicitly asked by Father , ill y E ? W revive the Order o f S . Benedict in the nglish Church ill yo u authorize my Solemn Profession a s a Monk ? Will yo u commission me to do my bes t to form a Community ? Will you give it your official sanction when it is formed ’ s The Archbishop s answer had been long in coming . It wa f w ss only a ter eighing the matter , and pa ing deliberate judge ’ ment upon it that he had authorized Father Ae lre d s Solemn

Profession . The u ildsm cm f r 1 0 2 s A writer in G o November , 9 , thu com ’ ments o n the Significance o f the Archbishop 5 action . There IS o n e point about this revival o f the Benedictine Life which ought to gain fo r it a great deal o f interest which — W wou ld otherwise be withheld its relation to Authority . hen its w wa s s s its f s ork really once e tabli hed , ounder ought the s f f o u r u n . anction o the authorities o Comm ion , and received it This Authorization o f the Benedictine Life amongst u s is not s f s ha s without meaning . It mean that much ailure in the pa t f e wo n been orgotten , and that humility and patienc have a s reward which other virtues might not have gained . It mean that another link in o u r chain o f claims to continu ity with the w h f . is Church o f S . Augustine a s been orged It a link hich

e s if we wi s . w hall not undervalue , are e It will be evident that His Grace followed s tep by step a s cours e o f action u pon which he had deliberately re olved, and c tiOn s o f his f which culminated in o n e o f the latest a li e , the signing o f the Charter o f the Election o f Father Ae lre d a s

f . B First Abbot o f the restored Order o S enedict , in May , 1 90 2 . When in the March and May o f 1 898 the Archbis hop wa s

history of the Com m unity

CHAPTER V

Che f orming of the Community

FTE R his Profession Father Ae lre d s pent a fe w days s o f s w f s at the Priory, I le Dog , ith the riend among whom and with whom he had worked during a great f part o his Novitiate . Farewells had to be said in w o f hi vie s intended retirement into the country . It wa s n o light thing to s ever bonds which had been knit during two f years o clos e association in joy and s orrow. And it wa s w f s o f w ith eeling regret , mingled ith hope and confidence Go d w fu u that ould direct them aright in the t re , that the two

Brothers left London fo r the country . 1 8 8 w s On leaving London in February , 9 , they ent at fir t w i t wa s to a Vicarage in the country, here thought that the needful quiet and retirement might be found . Bu t it wa s s w s oon evident that the plan ould not pro per, and the

Archbishop himself quite recognized this . o f B s w W s o n At the end July the rother ent to e t Malling,

s . D s s s , a vi it uring the ummer they them elve and many , f s s w s s fo r s riendly prie t , ere con tantly eeking a mall and s s s w B s retired hou e , in ome country pari h , here the i hop and the parochial clergy would be in sympathy with the ideals ff o f u s s f. the Community . B t no uitable home o ered it el Meanwhile the Brothers were longing to be able to keep their its o f Rule in entirety , and to carry out the direction the

Archbishop by leading the Regular Life .

. S o f S o f S The Rev Father Page , uperior the ociety John E s w s the vangeli t , Co ley , had long been kindly intere ted in lr f w Father Ae e d and his ideals . He had ollo ed the movement w s w ith a keen and increasing intere t , ever ready ith help and

. 1 8 8 a s s f fo r advice In September, 9 , no hou e could be ound B s w the rother , he gave them a hearty and elcome invitation f u s w s s to Cowley . Here they o nd ready ympathy, i e coun el , Che f orm ing or the Com m unity and an atmosphere o f Religiou s peace which were o f incal two m s s ss c u la b le va lu e to them . The onth pent in the Mi ion Hou se at Cowley brace d the m u p to renewed hope and energy ; while the life in a Religiou s Hou se m ade them a ll n the more desirous to possess o n e o f their o w . Towards the end o f the year Father Page made the Brothers a definite ff o f n o su u s f u o er that , in the event itable ho e being o nd , they should go and help the Cowley Fa thers in their London s 2 Titc hfie ld S o ff wa s Hou e , then at 9 Great treet , and the er gladly accepted . At the London Hou se o f the the Brothers were to o wn to the ff able have their chapel , and recite Divine O ice , and in other respects to regu late their life in accordance with s l f r the Ru le . The Hou se oon became a meeting p ace o m any young men who were attracted to the Commu nity s e who a te n o f s s o r s and om w pro e ed in the Order, are till s o r ss s s f to s u ss Oblate A ociate , u ed requently meet and di c matters conn ected with the Religiou s Life . In J u ne and ss o f s fu July, through the kindne the Father , a delight l month wa s s s w B s o f pent at Iona, in the Hou e hich the i hop Argyll ‘ and the I sles had given to the Fe w cou ld better “ ! r c s s o f s app e iate a vi it to the I le Saint , that ancient s o f f o f ss Mona tic home aith and learning , that cradle mi ionary s f w zeal and religiou ervour , even hile they lamented the decay and ru in o f the roofless aisles and grass -grown cou rts f ’ o the Lord s House . On their return to Great Titc hfi e ld Street Father Ae lre d had an accidental and very helpful talk with the Bis hop o f

Argyll and the I s les . He evinced a kind interest in the ' movement ; and after prayer in the Brothers chapel fo r the s u ss WIse o f m cce and direction the endeavour , he gave the hi ss f i s ble ing , and le t them much cheered by an nterview which will never be forgotten . In Au gust the exchanged the hou s e in Great Titc hfie ld Street fo r o n e in

Charles Street . Father Page had proposed that the B rothers Should go to the n e w hou se . Bu t at this time o f s s s s u s the Vicar Milton Abba , in Dor et hire , gge ted that s s they Should rent a mall cottage there , and aid that he w w ould elcome them to the parish . The Brothers considered

s s t u . thi propo al , and decided o act pon it ’ Before they left the Cowley Fathers Hou se an event o f s fo r o n 2 th great intere t took place , Sunday , September 4 , B his S ws B rother Henry made imple Vo , and rother George entered the Novitiate . The first Profess ion which the Superior o f a newly -fou nded Commu nity receives is a great E hist ory of the Com m u nity

hi m fo r s s n s o f w a n d w t joy to , he ee in it the ear e t gro th , i h the promi se o f growth there comes the realization o f increas ing res pon sibilities . B s 1 8 r B s w s Michaelma , 99, the th ee rother ere hou ed at y - s l s w o s two i s f The Retreat , a ma l hou e in the o d m le rom l s a n d s w s s ss s o f the Mi ton Abba , on an e tate hich po e e one most perfectly res tored Monas ti c chur ches in Great Britain . The Offices were re cited in t heir little wooden Chapel ; on Su ndays and Holy Days they made their Communion in W i the paris h church . h le they were here the Community

s m s two vi s . began to increa e in nu ber , No ce being clothed

CHAPTER VI

Che [Derioo of [prob ation

N the autumn o f 1 90 0 there wa s a change in the s f s w owner hip o Milton!Abba , and the cottage in hich

the Brothers lived wa s needed fo r estate purposes .

Once again the Commu nity had to seek a fres h home . B w o f Ca lde W . s In October the Rev . Done u hell , the o ner y s w to Ae lr e d ff I land , near Tenby, rote Father , o ering the Brothe rs a tem p orary asylum in the old rooms and church ld i o f the ancient Priory o n the I sland . Ca e y s rich in s i s In hi torical memor e , which are recorded at length another

. s s s chapter For nearly a thou and year it had been mona tic , and here in a place s o full o f inspiration it wa s arranged B s w B f that the rother ere to live the enedictine Li e , keep ffi m s so fa r a s their Rule , recite the Divine O ce , ini ter they s s S S could to the I lander , help in the unday and Day chool , and occupy their remaining time by working in the garden f B at a fixed wage . In a diary kept by one o the rothers he speaks o f the joy they felt at the pros pect o f inhabiting the very building in which fo r centuries o u r Brothers o f

f o f o u r t . B the amily Holy Fa her S enedict lived and died , l G O D ha s to s u s w and that A mighty deigned Choo e , eak and s f a s we to u s f o f in ul are , revive through the Li e Prayer work which fo r many long centuries ran its cou rs e without s o f Hi s break or pau e , to the Glory God and Church , in ~ a place Whence SO many Saints have gone to s pread the s o f Go pel Peace among men . Then when we look within to se e what means Go d ha s Chosen fo r this great w o u r s f u s o u r o wn w ss o u r ork heart ail at eakne , youth , e o u r ss o f — We s s and inexp rience , coldne love eem ju t the leas t fitted o f all men fo r this u ndertaking ; yet ho w good Go d is u s s o f o u r u s to u se u s s to , in pite nworthines , thu Hi to s . Su we s a w S . s Go d Glory rely may y ith Franci , history of the Com m u nity

has s u s s o f o u r w s s cho en becau e eakne , that the Glory may ’ b e all His o wn . wa s o n u r o th 1 0 1 w - It Jan ary , 9 , that ith deeply move d hearts they s ang Ves pers fo r the first time in the Priory s B Church , ince their elder rothers had been turned o u t in 1 534. In the di ary fr om which we have already quoted there are the following entries relating to the firs t days at the Priory : Ho w the very stones o f the vau lted roof s eemed to take s s o f Go d an d u their hare in the prai e , m ltiply our voices , and r e -echo o u r notes till it s eemed a s if the o ld dwellers - s s n w i in the long de erted cloi ter had retur ed, and ere blend ng their voices with ours t o welcome o u r arrival o n this hallowed - . B s spot Mr . u hell celebrated the Holy E u chari st to day 1 th 8 w we [January 5 ] at in the Priory Chapel , at hich all r i h made o u Communions . It s t e first ti m e s ince the ss ha s Di olution that it been pleaded here, although the Chan cel has been restored and used fo r private worship fo r E — i i s ome time . At the las t ucharist Monks as sisted t s ' s s s trange that in God good providence we , Benedictine Monk s ff al o , Should be here to o er up once more the Holy Sacrifice l ” f s . B s s within the e wa ls A e w days later Mr . u hell poke to f r f f f the Brothers o a e w moments be ore Vespers . A ter s w s u s aying ith what plea ure he had welcomed here , and s w h u s s w pent a eek wit , he poke briefly and ith great earnes tness o n o u r unique position in relation to the Se e f u w we w s e o Canterb ry , and to the building in hich or hipp d ; o f o u r o f w r o f f high vocation , and the great po e a holy li e , u W we praying that the dear Savio r , hom had together s w u w u s an d received thi morning , o ld dra near yet nearer t o s f an d to u s s s o f Hi Him el , reveal the My terie s grace by ’ Hi s s we t o s Holy Spirit , and that at la t might meet ing the ’ s s Divine Prai e in the Heavenly City , and that he , all ”

n w u s . u orthy , might join there It wa s propo sed that fo r thre e months they s hould try whether it would be pos sible to continue their life o n the w u b e lines laid out in the tentative s cheme . It o ld a hard tas k to recite the Divine Office by day an d night at the s u s s an d Canonical Hour , to try to infl ence the I lander lead to s s them to personal religion , and maintain them elve by n fu s o f o wn their work in the garden . They had o nd their ; fe w devout son s o f the Chu rch came forward to help them

u . f , t o any extent with money . A e w did what little they co ld s f s w And though word o ympathy ere very cheering, they did f B s s not help to eed and clothe the rother , even in the imple B a s . s w y which the Rule prescribe At the mo t , each rother

Che p erioo or p rob ation

cou ld contribute only abou t five hours a day to manu al work ’ s u s w s u in the garden , and thi at labo rer age bro ght in little u f enou gh even fo r their Simple wants . Their occ pation o the B roo m s placed at their disposal by Mr . u shell wa s only n his n o t u fo r his o wn u se contingent o req iring them , and in Holy Week they had t o move into the partially w two s res tored Gatehouse , hich contained room above and Ae lre d w o n e below, Father occupying the room hich belonged f s wa s s am formerly to the Prior o olden day , which in the e state in which he had left it nearly four centuries be fore . f u s u w Later o n the whole o the ho e wa s req ired by the o ner ,

f r w s o f s o n s i . e . u and o eight eek their tay the i land , , d ring the f u s m u m onths o A gu t and September, the Co m nity lived in a tent encampment in the pine woods . This might have been l s u f r t s u w p ea ant eno gh o a Shor time , and in fine mmer eather , n b u t the weather that s u m mer wa s o t s eldom we t and cold . ’ Last night -we quote again from the Brother s diary we experienced fo r the s econd time the jo y o f Camp life in a f u storm . Rain began to all abo t and continued all night l u r s w we t . l o m very heavily A bed ere in the orning , but the m a n d e n o t orning dawned clear fine , and w were much the f r u r u m f wors e o o rough night . O r Monastic Ca p consists o - - s s . is s s f w u s three econd hand bell tent The larder a di u ed o l ho e , improvised with s helves fo r the occasion . The Refectory is u s s s w o t ide the tent , under the tree , very nice in fine eather, with o f o u r f w s fo r K s i u s plenty o l company ; the itchen al o s o t ide , ’ a ll ha s t o o n s -b x the cooking be done a navvy coal o , which is o n all right a fine day , but cannot be expected to burn ” W in the rain . hile the island wa s wrapped in sleep and ss s w darkne , the Monk , lantern in hand , threaded the pine ood , and m ade their wa y to the Village Chu rch to Sing the “ f to fo r w fo r s Night O fice , and pray the Sleeping orld , tho e ” who o u r n d f h s a o r s w o . need prayer , tho e never pray On ’ a h hll f S 8t as . Bu s e s a m f eptember , Mr ily had le t , they were to u to u s w able ret rn the Priory Ho e , here they were very t glad o have a good roof over their heads . After eight weeks o f rou ghing it they were well content to s ettle down ’ to the winter s work . If Ca lde s wa s to m y I land be their permanent ho e , it wa s o n e o f two u s s m u s s clear that co r e t be adopted . They mu t a sk h those w o desired to se e the Order o f S . Benedict r e s s to w su m o f 0 0 o r 0 0 e tabli hed provide them ith a 353 4 , to a m to w w o f en ble the erect , ith the good ill the owner , a temporary wooden building to accommodate ten o r twelve s s s u t o f Monk , a imple home ited their li e and work , Where history or the Com m unity

w w they might live hile they ere employed in the garden , or u s o f s r occ pied ome part the I land , and turned it to a p o fit

u se . if f s ss able Or, their riend made it po ible , they might u s u s s f enter pon a larger cheme , and p rcha e the I land rom the who w w s u . owner, ould be illing to ell pon certain conditions s f f For many month this li e o real hard work went o n . s - B Notwith tanding the hards hips their n u mbers grew. rother S s b e e n c lo the d a s s am on had a Novice in June , the fir t to w s s ss receive the Habit ithin the Priory wall ince the Di olution , o f o f Ca lde who a s and he took the name the third Abbot y, w

o f S . B f w the u . a contemporary enedict , and ollo ed Celtic R le f wa s s — B Hard though the li e , it had one good re ult the rothers w s s o f ere clo ely knit together in the bond the Divine Love, w s and ere more re olved than ever to hold together, and to face with courage Whatever difficulties the future might bring I f ’ ld t o them . t wa s during their fi teen months stay on Ca e y s w I land that the Community began to be really elded together , and to become a homogeneous body . Together they struggled o n u , together they laboured and prayed, each contrib ting s w s f ss w omething to ard making the hard li e po ible , hile the conviction grew increasingly s trong that God had brought w wa them together , and that He ould make their y clear in His o wn good time . It wa s impossible to remain at Ca lde y without a hou se to

‘ Of live in , and without the opportunity doing any remunerative f r s o f w ha s n o f s work o the upport the Community , hich und s ss o f o f its o wn . At this period in their hi tory the pre ure B s s u s s wa s . u t , w g circ m tance _ very great at la t hen thin s d s f o f s eemed arke t , they ound that the end their grave t s f diffi culties was at hand . For s ome years pa t Lord Hali ax s had been interested in the Community , and had been anxiou W to do all in hi s power to place it on a s ure basis . ith w W . s s s s Mr . H . Hill he had con idered everal cheme , hich Bu s o f 1 0 2 came t o nothing . t in the opening day 9 he made the Community the generous and definite offer to occupy

P a in stho rpe . And their hearts were gladdened by the cer tainty o f having at last a home which would shelter them fo r s ome time to come . B Throughout their residence o n Ca lde y I sland Mr . us hell had been full o f interest in the Community , and had hoped f s s s that the revival o f Benedictine Li e on the I land , a ble ing

~ s w s r e . not lightly to be lo t , ould be ecured and made pe man nt In preaching and writing he often expressed his hope that the ss s w Almighty and loving Father might ble their tay , hether it o r f s w s were long Short , and he ore a the good that might re ult

Che p erioo of p rob ation

f its a s w a s diffi rom becoming their permanent home , ell the c u ltie s which might render it only s uitable a s a temporary rest - f f f in g place . I u nds had been orthcoming at this time a definite s w and la ting arrangement might have been arrived at , hich f h s B wou ld have ulfilled all the ope which both Mr . u shell and

’ s tha t the u s the Community cheri hed , ancient b ilding might be to f u se s once more recovered their ormer , and a acred spot s o f restored to the ervice the Lord . The project wa s dear to : m both the opportunity had arrived , but it wa s i possible at that time to embrace it . history of the Com m unity

CHAPTER VII

Che (Brant of the Charter

URING the years o f probation the Brothers had ever been cheered and encouraged by the thought that the a f Archbishop w s their riend . And at last the time s eemed to have come when they might apply to him fo r the official recognition o f the Commu nity which he had promised . Father Ae lre d had persevered not fo r two years a s s s fo r f only , the Archbi hop had pre cribed , but our , and he had gathered together a band o f men who gave evidence o f a tru e vocation to the Religious Life u nder the Ru le o f

. B S enedict . o f w we a csim ile Accordingly, the Charter, hich give a f wa s w u s u n here , dra n p , igned by all the Comm nity o

u 2 rd 1 0 2 s to . u Febr ary 3 , 9 , and ent the Primate The doc ment o f Ae lre d a s declared the election Father their Abbot , it prayed

His t o s - Grace confirm the election , and a ked him to give to his f s the Community o ficial anction and recognition , in hi accordance with s promise . ’ As in the case o f Father Ae lre d s request fo r the a u tho riza o f his S f ss s o s s o f tion olemn Pro e ion , al o in the ca e the f sw o f Charter, a long delay took place be ore the an er the

Primate wa s received . Dr . Temple took time to consider

wa s . each petition , and each eventually granted At the time when Father Ae lr e d had asked the Archbishop t s his f ss f o anction Pro e ion , the Lambeth Con erence had lately expressed its general approval o f the revival o f Religious u s a s E s Comm nitie , recognizing, the ncyclical Letter had aid , ’ f s s o f s ss ss the mani e t token God ble ing upon them , and expre in g its thankfulness fo r the increasing readines s which the Communities had manifested to be brought into closer union w E s . s s

ith the pi copate In the : interval that had elap ed ince ’ Ae lre d f ss o f Father s Pro e ion , the Committee the Lambeth f s Conference had presented a urther Report to the Archbi hop ,

Che (Brant of the Charter

1 1 th 1 0 1 s f o n November , 9 , three month be ore the application ’ o f the Benedictine Commu nity fo r His Grace s recognition . In the cou rse o f that second Report the Committee o f the Conference had expres sed it s Opinion that it is es sential fo r a du e relation between the Englis h Episcopate and Religio u s Communities that there Shou ld be o n the part o f the Episcopate a recognition o f Religious Commu nities within the Church o f E o f u s f a s ss u ngland , and the Religio Li e expre ed in the R le f u s o n o s uch Comm nitie , and that there Should be the part o f the Commu nities a distinct recognition o f the au thority f o f the Epis copate . It wa s with this Report be ore him that , the Archbis hop cons idered whether he could give a final authorization o f the work which he had already provisionally w f s sanctioned, and over hich he had watched during the our year that had elapsed sin ce he had commissioned Father Ae lr e d to s s found a Community . He had to con ider whether the po ition of the Community would justify him in taking the decisive and s o f his to s final tep putting name the Charter , and anctioning with the authority o f the Se e o f Canterbu ry the revival o f the B E Fo r enedictine Order in the nglis h Chu rch . the Arch ’ s b is hop signature would mean nothing less than this . In f n d ra e r h . aith a . p y the Community awaited is decision s o f 1 0 2 was u At la t , at the end May , 9 , the Charter ret rned , ’ n m s s beari g the Pri ate ignature ,

. > < ANT UAR Approved 1 F . C . It is difficult to des cribe the thankfulness with which the Abbot and Community received the document which gave

s ss s s. them at la t an a ured tatu They went into their chapel , and with grateful hearts s ang their Te D eu m o f thanksgiving Who to Him had given them their des ire . Their purpose had o f never been the nature o f a private venture . It had been s s u undertaken oberly , and it had o ght at every stage the f s anction o authority . Their en deavour had n o t been wanting u r s u in co age and re ol tion , but it had ever been loyal to

s . n o f s o f Catholic order and di cipline And w, a ter nine year preparation , the Primate conferred o n the Superior the rank o f and title Abbot , and gave the Commu nity the right to exist a s f u E s u u s a ully authorized Comm nity in the ngli h Ch rch , th f his s 1 8 ulfilling promi e made in 98 . On receiving the Charter the Ab fio t wrote the following letter t o the Archbishop

MY ORD RCH I HO L A B S P , We are most gratefu l to you r Grace fo i' you r kindness In SI n In o u r S u o f E o u r g g ched le lection , and thu s establis hing F history of the Com m unity

u t . S s t u s little Comm ni y Your anction mean a great deal o , n o w to u s fo r g s f who and men can come _ the Reli iou Li e s u s u r might otherwise have ought it o t ide o o wn Co m m u n Io n . B elieve me , ’ u s f f s Yo r Grace s mo t aith ul ervant ,

BRO THER AELRED CARLYLE . hi f To s Grace the Lord Archbishop o Canterbury . Ma 28 y ,

The significance and valu e o f the Charter by which the s s u Ae lre d w Archbi hop con tit ted Father Abbot , ith the clearly de fi n e d f s ffi o unction appertaining to that O ce , acc rding to

o f S . B s is f the Rule enedict and ancient precedent , u lly f w w l B o f recognized in the ollo ing letter, hich the ate ishop Argyll and the I s les wrote to the Abbot

MY D AR AT H R AELRE D E F E , Many thanks fo r you r kind letter o f the 2 2 n d o f last m fo r s s onth , and ending me that deeply intere ting pamphlet w w f s o f which accompanied it , and hich I have read ith eeling s thankfulness and hope . I e pecially value the reproduction it ’ contains o f the late Archbishop s forma l approval o f you r f o f election to the o fice Abbot in your Community , according B to the Rule o f S . enedict . All things that relate to the o f u s f w revival the Religio Li e , ithin the Anglican Communion , fo r s o f s n have me a great intere t , though cour e I can o ly look at them from a distance .

My earnest wis h fo r you i s that yo u may go o n and prosper . Apparently good and holy beginnings s ometimes seem to go w s o r to . s w s rong very oon , come nothing Perhap , hen thi s is w o f happen , it mainly through the ant an entire dependence o f s u upon the help and protection the Holy Gho t, and thro gh

o f . i s so fo r u s lack devotion to Him Yet , though it natural all ‘ to w s r t o w w i s u n o gro lack o o g rong , here He G ide , ill ’ can come . W s o u f s His i hing y , there ore , above all thing , Divine ss s A i tance ,

I remain , u f f In Ou r s u s s Yo r aith ul brother Lord Je Chri t ,

L X I HO O RGY AND T HE E. A E A B S P F A LL ISL S

Consolib ation at p ainsthorpe

CHAPTER VIII

Consolioation at lpainsthorpe

u HE time had come fo r consolidation . The Comm nity n had been steadily growing . It had o t been endan ge r e d by any access o f material prosperity ; o n the “ s ff s f o f contrary , it had u ered at time rom lack the very f I u o f necessaries o Me . t s trials had res lted in the gain f i f character an d stability . In the uncertainty o ts utu re it had learne d detachment ; while at the same time it had received f s to B s t o s s u ficient ympathy encourage the rother per evere , and to believ e that Go d in du e time wou ld rais e u p friends fo r the m v a n d v m u w s ss to , pro ide the Co m nity ith all thing e ential it s existence and growth . At the beginning o f 1 90 2 the numbers having increased to wa s nine and the Charter having been granted , it clear that the time had arrived when the Community mu st have a settled f home . The offer which Lord Halifax made to them o the u se f P i h o a n st o rp e wa s singu larly opportune . The house provided fo r u s o f ample accommodation the Comm nity , and the term tenure were s uch a s to ensure a degree o f permanency . On th 1 0 2 P in stho r e March 5 , 9 , the Community arrived at a p f Ca lde s w o o f i rom y, and quietly ettled do n t the routine ts f f f s s ordered li e , reed rom many anxietie which had be et it

u s fe w s . s o f d ring the pa t year On entering the dioce e York , o f s o f who it received the recognition the Archbi hop York , f nd became uni ormly kind a sympathetic . And the Recto r and o f s o f K P in stho r e people the pari h irby Underdale , in which a p i s t m s s f s w Situated , proved he elve the cordial riend and ell s wi hers o f the Brothers .

The period o f probation wa s over . The Commu nity could n o w live the life o f the Benedictine Rule withou t distraction . wa s s u s s There an increa e in n mbers , healthy and u tained , w u u f itho t being nduly rapid , and the corporate li e and devotion o f the Community deepened . his tory of the Com m unity

i s s to P a in stho r e It intere ting find that p , the home during s fe w s o f B E n d the e year the enedictine revival in ngla , formed part o f the property given by William the Conqueror B to the enedictine Abbey o f S . Mary at York . The Charter given by William Rufu s to the Abbey states that “ William my father gave the Abbey aforesaid what H e rn e grin e the Monk i s s w K held , that , Paine Thorp , and hatever he had in irkeby ” K H u n k lb H e rn e rin e s s ( irby Underdale) and in e y . g eem to have held lan d in K irby Underdale and P a in stho rp e before s s w a s m s B i s s a uming the co l , in Do e day ook the tatement ’ “ o f K s T under Land the ing Thanes wo Man ors . In Chi rc he b i (Kirby Underdale) H a re grin had Six oxgangs (and

S e Of . iv rd one carucate) land to be taxed Land to one plough . i ” s m s w t o n s . . The a e have it yet , and it orth w Shilli g Manor In Tho rf (P a in stho rp e ) Are gri n had o n e carucate o f la nd t o be

e . t o f . s ha s an d i tax d Land hal a plough The ame it , it s ’ r i waste . In a note o f the tran slator s H a egr n (more correctly Arn e rin is u e s o f Ea rn rin g ) tho ght to have b en grand on g , f o f i e fi r th Mo rk e re f s o f ather S g and , the chie thane the s even Al ith s 1 0 1 6 o f E Stre o n a . a borough , Slain , in , by order dric g , w w o f Si e fi rth o f E s ido g , became the Queen dmund Iron ide , ’ ” s K n s He rn e rin e s s Thi i g Thane , becoming g the Monk , eem l s K to have bui t the exi ting church at irby Underdale , and ’

S . s a s given it to Mary Abbey , in the Charter given by ft s o f Henry II to the Abbey , in recapitulating the gi the Con u e ro r u f s s u n s it is s q and R u , and other d ring their reig , tated “ that H e rn e grin e the Monk Kyrkeby in H u n de lv e sda le the church o f that place The patronage remained in the ’

ss ss o f . r s u ss as po e ion S Ma y Abbey ntil the Di olu tion , did P ain stho rpe and the other lands in the paris h which had been given to it . P i n s tho r e is s s su a p a plain unmona tic hou e , rrounded by a flo e r - s w w pleasant w garden , and tanding in a ooded meado , w s w o n o f s ith many a lope and hollo , the edge the York hire w s an d s o f f old , di tant about a quarter a mile rom the village a n s o f K irby Underdale . The house when ad pted to the eed f u t s t m o the Comm nity contained hirteen cell , a Communi y Roo and Refectory . In order that the Community might be able to dis cha rge its prim ary obligation o f prayer and worship with f o f due dignity , Lord Hali ax urged the building a brick chapel

f n s . was e o a permanent character , adjoi ing the hou e It b gun u -1 0 2 a s ss o f is in J ne , 9 , and w ble ed by the Rector the par h f s o f f o f o n November 1 1 th. It became the ocu the li e the fo r S wa s ff Community, here the Holy acrifice daily o ered , and the Hou rs o f the Divine Offi ce were recited . On a knoll in

Consolioation at p ainsthorpe

u s s ss u w f the gro nd tood a Calvary , the cro abo t t enty eet high , u d - m m e r a u bearing a Fig re car at Ober A g , and given by i f . ! s a s s ts Lord Hali ax Ah aid an old labourer, he tood at f fo r s his f u oot , and looked the fir t time in li e upon a Cr cifix , ’ tis a pity there a re n o t more o f thes e about the cou ntry ; they wou ld make u s think m ore o f ho w Go d loves u s ! In a cottage forming part o f the farm bu ildings wa s the Vestm ent o f s s o n e o f f s Room , the making ve tment being the handicra t to which the Brothers applied themselves . Their work daily u to contributed a more adeq ate income the Community , and - raised it towards the position o f being s elf s upporting . B On Sundays the rothers attended the Parish Church , and s helped the Rector by teaching in Sunday School , erving at

ss s . the Altar , and a i ting in the Choir 1 0 s s u s u s wa s In January , 9 5 , a imple and inexpen ive G e t Ho e u s w o f s b ilt near the Mona tery , hich proved great ervice in ” f t a s s f o f adding riends o the Community . It w con tantly ull u s s who f r r s o f s o r fo r g e t came o longer o s horter period re t , s e f s B h piritual r re hment . y this m ean s those w o lived in the w w s t u f o f orld ere helped and cheered , and the piri al orce the

Monastery passed o u t throu gh them into the world . CHAPTE R IX

Che 3nstallation of Elb b ot Elelreo his Crem ation

AINSTHORP E will always be gratefu lly remember ed i by the Commu nity . It s associated with the period during which the bond o f the Disciplined Life grew

s tronger . The uncertainty and privations o f the earlier years had taught their lessons ; the s ense o f respo nsi b ilit a s s w a n d B f y deepened the year ent on , the rothers elt a thankful and ever -increasing confidence in Go d Who had u ‘ bro ght them thither . “ At P a in stho rpe the character o f the Commu nity began s h s s . E o n e o to a ume a more definite a pect ach w came , ‘ w s o r le ft s to f hether he tayed , contributed omething the orma f tion o corporate chara cter . Du ring those years the Commu nity to n w its w s t e ff u s learnt k o eak point , and o stimate the di ic ltie which lay before it . f f s And while the inner li e o the Community developed , event f s o great importance took place . The Charter igned by the Archbishop o f Canterbury had provided fo r the Installation o f

. wa s w the Abbot , when opportunity permitted It ithin the o f B s the ss o f competence any i hop , holding permi ion the Dioces an t o o ffic ia te in the Diocese in which the Monastery wa s s f s o f s . ituated , to per orm the ceremonie the In tallation 1 0 t s f s In 9 3, eigh een month a ter the Community had ettled at

P a in stho r e B s o f du . f p , the i hop Fond Lac, Dr Gra ton , came o n si t f G a rro wb In s o f K a vi t o Lord Hali ax at y, the pari h irby s o f k who Underdale . The Abbot wrote to the Archbi hop Yor , hi had extended s fatherly sympathy to the Community , and s s s f s f a ked that , ince the Archbi hop had not yet ound him el able s u w B s o f to vi it the Comm nity , he would allo the i hop Fond - ‘ s du Lac to perform the act o f Blessing and Installation . Thi l T he m o n a ste r o y Cha pe l f a instho rpe

T o fac e page 38

(the (i nstallation of a b b ot fl elt eb — m a ®rb ination

i i n Ar chb isho ra c io u sl ss perm ss o the p g y accorded , a uring the hi f hi s s ss . . Abbot o f s prayers , and ending ble ing Dr Gra ton i willingly consented to o ffic ate . f o th 1 0 w s o f The ceremonies o October 3 , 9 3, ere tho e the ancient s ervice fo r the Blessing and Ins tallation o f a n Abbot f f . B o f the Order o S enedict , dating in the main rom the w w Co m eighth centu ry . They ere attended by the hole ’ B s s ‘ a s munity , and the i hop Chaplain , Archdeacon Fay , came

f . o f K a witness o the ceremony The Rector irby Underdale , f o f o f w Lord Hali ax , and many the people the village , ere ss wa s s also present . Nothing e ential omitted , and at the clo e s ss s w ho w fu the Bishop gave a ympathetic addre , ho ing lly he entered into the spirit o f the s ervice . The Bishop dou btless realized all the more fully the s ignificance o f the occasion since f u s f o f o f he is himsel a Religio , a ormer member the Society B E s . s s S . John the vangeli t The i hop then endor ed the Charter , u s to s ss which had a cla e added it , tating that he had ble ed and f f installed the Abbot by permis sion o the Archbishop o York . Another event o f great importance t o the Commu nity

wa s the Ordination o f the Abbot in 1 90 4. The Bis hop o f Fo n d -da -Lac had expressed his willingness to aid the Co m ’ wa w B s munity in any y that he could and hen , at the ishop u s w to to su a s o req e t , the Abbot ent America con lt with him t ss o f f u B u s his s the po ibility o nding a enedictine Ho e in dioce e , w s f s o f s he took ith him letter rom the Archbi hop York , addre sed to B s s s fo r o f t the i hop , giving permi ion the Ordination the Abbo , and stating that o n his retu rn he would receive him a s o n e o f his - ' - clergy in the diocese o f York . The Bishop o f Fo n d du Lac accordingly ordained the Abbot Deacon in his ca thedral o n h r a t s u o f . November , and Prie t in the ch rch S Peter , Ripon , W n h s s o 1 t . i con in , November s A third important event wa s the Solemn Profess ion o f three f B ’ o s o n S . u s 1 0 6 . B s the rother , Pa l Day , 9 y this final tep u s s s u to s f u they bo nd them elve ab ol tely the Religiou Li e , nder

u f . B the R le o S enedict . The three s eniors took their u i permanent place in the Comm nity , and thus increased ts

stability . u wa s s o f s s Though the Comm nity till in the day mall thing , it wa s able to entertain hu mble and yet confident hopes fo r f the uture . The Installation o f the Abbot completed all fo r w ’ hich the Charter had provided . The Abbot s Ordination s his increa ed power o f service . The Solemn Profession o f three Monks gave the promis e o f permanence to the

Comm u nity . From that time o n there were fe w events that need be here

at 39 J ‘Ib istorg of the Com m unity

in h r recorded in the life at P a st o pe . The Commu nity fou nd ss o f its r every happine in the quiet tenor orde ed , uneventful f wa s n o s ss E li e, and there de ire to pa beyond the nclosu re s w ss . wa s fu ave hen real nece ity required The , Abbot lly o f occupied in the direction the Community , and it wa s but s s s s eldom that he poke or preached out ide the Mona tery , only s n s s u occa ionally mi i tering in the pari h ch rch , and in o n e o r

o s . u t tw other The Comm nity claimed him , and o it he devoted him self. Applications fo r admission to the Commu nity increased b u t w s o f s s in number , the narro limit the Mona tery re trained we ll fo r s i . wa s s ts growt h That , it nece itated the careful s crutiny o f those who had already been admitted to the a a s w a s o f s who w s Novici te , ell tho e i hed to become Novices . And so from time to time those who showed sign s o f a genu ine vocation were s ifted from thos e who were less clearly called the Religious Life in this Community .

(the {i sle of Galb eg

CHAPTE R X

(the Jele of dialect)

HI LE it wa s needfu l rigidly to examine those ho fo r ss t o u w applied admi ion the Comm nity , it a s s ss t o w unde irable , and indeed impo ible , reject those who appeared to have received a distinct vocation to s erve God in the Contemplative Life . The limited s pace afforded by the ho us e at P a in stho r pe wa s fully occupied , and in order to provide additional accommodation

w s w . three rail ay carriage ere procured , and divided into cells The question o f making permanent addition s to the hous e

“ o f 1 0 f wa s wa s raised in the autumn 9 5 , and Lord Hali ax to o n s s w propo s ing build ome room , hen quite unexpectedly at the end o f that year it became known to the Abbot that o f Ca lde wa s w o f ss the s ale y ithin the range po ibility , and with this came the welcome news that a s u m o f money would f be available fo r its purchas e . A ter prolonged and careful s o f S Wa s s 2 0 th negotiation , the Contract ale igned on July , 1 0 6 o f t he f o f s 9 , and the final conveyance reehold the I land to a trus t formed o f the Profes sed members o f the Community

s ff S 2 th 1 0 6 . wa e ected on eptember 9 , 9 s o s f o f The matter , entirely advantageou rom every point w wa s o n e u the m e a n s o f s : wa s vie , q ite beyond the Monk it o f o wn s — it wa s f o f Who not their eeking the gi t God , had s o f Ca ld e s ix s f n o w led them to the I le y year be ore , and brought them back to it at the very time when i t wa s most w s f needed , and hen the Community had become u ficiently

established to ass ume the charge . From the earliest ages o f Christianity Ca lde y ha s been the i home o f Monks . There s no record earlier than that which l s o f n s who o f f te l the Celtic Mo k , , in the middle the fi th f its s t fo r century, ound i ola ion a fitting s helter their austere

life . T he ancient names o f Ca lde y were Ynys Pyr and Llan

at 4 1 a his tory of tb e Gom m unitg

Illtu d f s o f P o riu s , the ormer meaning the I land , the latter

s o f Illtu d . 1 f the Mona tery The name Pyr , or Pir , 5 oun d E s f n w i n in an ngli h orm in Ma orbier, h ch does o t mean ” o f f s s o P o ri . the Manor Pyrrhu , but the tone building u s n s u nl s w f At Ma orbier, it ated on the mai and , five mile es t o Ca lde the W s s f y, Gerald el hman , the hi torian and companion o B s w wa s 1 1 0 . m Archbi hop ald in , born about 5 Gerald i agined a hi s wa s e ft s s th t native place call d a er one Pyrrhu , perhap e Br i s o f t f ss s the reput d it h king hat name , but Pro e or Rhy (who t hr ice refers to the antiquities o f Calde y in his Ce lti c Philology ha s proved that the name Pyr i s to be traced to - P o ri u s . w w n s s wsf n A ell kno n i cription di covered at Tra y ydd, “ s i s H ie in tu m u lo P ori u s i ac it hom o in Merioneth h re , read , n u s hr i s i e “ i pla (or C t a n ) fu t. In a Goideli c in s cription Pori a s i s se V o t ec o ri a s repre nted in a longer name, g , and Suetonius tells u s ho w a gladi ator named P o ri u s— who wa s probably a Gaul— excite d the j e alousy o f the Empe ror Caligula by the f hi h P ri i applaus e that ollowe d s releas ing o f is s lave s . o u s s e s clearly a Celtic name , and p rhaps the name Manorbier point to a monas tery establish e d on the mainland b efore the s ettle

o f S . Illt u d C alde . B f o f S . S s ment at y In the reton li e am on , B s o f D el s i s f a s i f d i hop , Piru re erred to hav ng ounde a la Ill d . u i monas tery (i nsu ) not far fr om that o f S . t u Pir s s

e r s . there call d an excellent man , and a holy p ie t Gerald “ the Welshman i s the first writer to identify the I s land o f ” “ ” Cha lde i withthe Wels h Enis Pir . u l The Life o f S . Paul A relian says the I s and (or mona stery) wa s l e o f u s w s once ca l d by the name Pyr , herea at the time i s the o f writing it was c alled Llan Illtu d . The latter name ll d i . . I f t B if o f S . s S tu s s ound , too , in he reton L e Gilda aid - h e w o f S . G e rm an u s w o m to have b en the great nephe , ca e d e s to Wales to combat the Pelagi an heres y . On Cal y I land h f m hi s s S . s w o e he nu bered among pupil Gilda , ound d a s f s B w Monastery on the pe nin ula o Ruy in rittany, here in later year s the Benedi cti nes es tabli she d their more genial ru le s o f in plac e o f the severe Celtic dis ciplin e . The companion i B s o f é . i s C a lde S . u S G lda at y were Pa l Aurel an , i hop L on ; w S r S . S s B s o f D el S . am on , i hop ; David (De i ant) , Pat on

B . s o . was o f W l s . S Saint a e ; S Malo , and rieuc Gilda b rn

about 5 0 0 A. D . Al e le o f the s e u b rt Grand , Morlaix , great event enth cent ry f The Li ves o the a ints o Britta n s b s i s editor o f S f y , u t tute Daniel ’ D e in i o l fo r w m S . Illtu d s s (or ) De i (or David) , a ong pupil at n the t w a s Ca lde y . There c a be no doubt that tradi ion hich Illt u d Calde so ciates the Monas tery and School o f S . with y

3 42 } (We st Vie w)

T o fac e page 42

(the Sale of aaloeg '

r is the original o n e . Ho w to account fo the better known tradition connecting him and his distinguished pupils with the great Monastery o f Llantwit Major i s a difficu lt problem . f W s o f B s u s s Pro esso r illiam , ala, gge t that the original Llan d o n Ca lde s n w to W s w s Illtu y I land , bei g unkno n the el h riter o f the eleventh and twelfth centuries— becau s e the memory o f Illtu d s s — S. had practically peri hed in Pembroke hire their minds tu rned to a su rviving Lanna Iltu ti (Monastery o f

Illtu d) in Glamorganshire . A little over three hundred years a go a Life of Gilda s o f wa s first published . This had been written by a Monk ’ ilda s s o f s w s s o f G s Mona tery Ruy , probably to ard the clo e the MS. wa s s ninth century , and the original pre erved at the Benedictine Monastery o f Fleury— that treasure-hou s e o f s o B ecclesiastical documents . Clo ely related t it are the reton

o f . s o f D 61 . o f é . lives S Sam on , and S Paul L on All three

s s s o f S. Illt u d de cribe the I land , the Mona tery and School , o f s u the enlargement the I land, the capture and depart re f o the predatory se a birds .

This is the qu aint and beau tiful legend they tell o f Ca lde y. “ s s s B Li e o Gildas wa s The little I land , ay the reton f f ” w r . S s cribbed , narro , ba e and barren The chool , add le wa s so s Albert Grand , near the hore that at high tide the se a . s ss s came in Gilda , impre ed with a ermon he had heard hi s a rk . 2 master preach o n the power o f prayer (S . M xi 4) asked S . Illtu d why he did n o t pray to the Lord jesu s

Christ to enlarge the I s land . So the lads and the Abbot w o u f prayed , and hen they went t rom the Oratory they f t s w u ound tha the I land had idened all ro nd , and the barren s f h fu a s a s s to s . oil had become ruit l , it ince remained thi day

S . Illtu d s w o n s s then o ed corn the I land , but when it prang u p the crop wa s almost destroyed by the s e a birds . The s s S s w three lad , Gilda , Paul , and am on , ere put to guard the

u s . s sw to corn by t rn , but in vain At la t , in an er their prayer , they s ucceeded in catching the birds and driving them like

w . s s s . T m o u t o f heep to ard the Mona tery he Abbot, co ing the f f Oratory, marvelled at the aith o the lads and at the miracle had that been wrou ght . He admonis hed them to treat the s fu l s w n o w se t bird merci l y, and adjured the captive , hich he f ree , never again to lay was te the corn fields o f the I sland . A glance at t he map o f Wales will s how the proximity o f C a lde to w i u ll d s t s . I t u y Go er, and it nat ral o u ppose that S Ca lde s o n s w and the y Monk laboured the penin ula , here three chu rches are connected with his name— those o f Llan Rhidia n w w i and Ox ich by dedication , hile Ilston s merely a contraction history of the c om m unity

Il i n o f tw t st o . S . Samson wa s Abbot o f Ca lde y fo r a year f f ss and a hal be ore pa ing over to Cornwall and Brittany . Here D u ri iu also S . b c s (47 5 he who crowned King Arthu r “ ” D u b ric S o f w s s s — the High aint , hom Tenny on ing , the founder and first Bishop o f Llandaff used to spend his Lenten f s s his w s a t , and here unkno n ervant lived and died , to whose memory the Ogham Stone i s by some thought to have been l h s . Ca d e a s s o f S s in cribed Truly y been an I land aint , like B s * f . ard ey and Iona to the north , and Lindis arne to the east s s s e s s f In thi remote pot , in tho e r mote time , the prai e o wa s su - God ng , and thence the Celtic sailor monks told forth

s s o f o f . the gloriou Go pel the grace God , and by their lives commended it to a wider world than theirs . w s o f s Later, hen the rough method the Celt were replaced by the disciplined Rule which gradually spread throughou t ld w s Ca e B . the e tern world , y became enedictine In the o f wa s K so n o f reign Henry I , it given by the ing to Robert , o f s wa s his a nd Martin Tour by Robert it given to mother , ’ she w s s s t o in turn , ith her on con ent , conveyed it the f D f s o S . o m a e l o celebrated Mona tery g , in the north P s o f embroke hire , which it remained a Priory until the ss w wa s s o n e B s w Di olution , hen it purcha ed by John rad ha , h f s a s s s u s . o Pre teign , and ever ince remained in ec lar hand

s fo r s s Ca lde wa s s . Thu , nearly a thou and year y Mona tic From about 450 to 1 5 5 0 it wa s the chosen Home o f Peace— peace broken then by the storm which the s acri l i u s s s e g o s tyrant rai ed again t it in the ixteenth century, s w s ss ss s s when the Monk ere di po e ed , their Mona tery eized ,

and their praise silenced . Wa s it well ? this ru de s everance with the past ! This breaking up o f nearly a thousand years o f the Rule o f the Disciplined Life ! This su dden and complete abandonment o f a flock that had never known aught b u t the ministration s o f the Ca lde y Monks— the I sland having been always extra diocesan— Jand thenceforth ha s had fe w to care fo r it ! Surely i w ss o f s it s a pitiable thing that ith the pa ing “the Monk there passed the care o f the Church from Ca lde y ! Can this make Christian men love the Dissolution ? Is there another place in all our country o f which s uch a tale could be told Of the days that are gone some simple and rough remains s s w s e nd o f still exist . A leaning Tower tand at the e t the primitive Nave and Chancel o f the little Priory Chu rch built

We a re in de b te d to P ro fe ssor Yo u n g Eva n s fo r so m e o f the ab o v e im histo ric al n o te s o n Ca ld ey in Ce ltic t e s .

(the Sale of Galoey

f - s . s by the Benedictine On the north , orming a Cloi ter garth 2 f s s o f s about 7 eet quare , lie the remnant the Mona tery s — f w S w building the Undercro t , a narro Turret tair ay lead ’ n to s i g thence the Dormitory and the Abbot Room above, f f s the Re ectory , the Cale actory , the Gate Hou e , and little — s b u t s u s u s more and the e mall , r de in tructure , n killed in s w o f de ign the ork a primitive people , in a primitive a e w s fa r f g , d elling in a remote I land , rom the influence which the architects o f the period were exercis ing s o f s elsewhere . The remain the Priory are mall , fo r they were only intended in Benedictine times fo r o f about thirteen Monks . Some the buildings were s u u s erected in the thirteenth and cceeding cent rie , and at o f ss u f s the time the Di ol tion were converted into a armhou e , ha s s w to s ha s n o w which ince gro n larger proportion , and

u o f s w e . incorporated m ch the older part , and dominate the hol Till ten years a go the Priory Chu rch wa s degraded to all o f u se m anner common , being in part a laundry , and in part - f s . w s s o f a malt hou e The o ner , eeling keenly thi de ecration ’ s s e s a s fa r a s God s Hou e , cautiou ly r tored the Chancel he wa s . su s 2 f 1 2 is able It mea re 5 eet by , and paved with

s f . is 0 f 1 6 cobble rom the beach The Nave 5 eet by , and / ha s been fitted u p temporarily fo r u se a s the Choir o f f f f the Community . The Re ectory orms the kitchen o the modern hou se : and the Dormitory wa s till lately divided ’ s s s b u t i s n o w o u t up into ervant bedroom , opened , and i presents mu ch o f ts original appearance . There i s a small Secular Church a qu arter o f a mile distant f s o f s s f s o n rom the Priory , al o the mo t imple orm , tanding s s s o f o ld the ite , and at lea t embodying ome the building in which the dependents o f the Ca lde y Monks o f o ld u s ed to wors hip in happier days . Until lately the chancel wa s o ff to s a s b u t ha n o partitioned , erve a School , it s w been

i . res tored to ts proper u se . Thirteen cottages form the w f -fi v e who village , here about orty people live , are employed

f h ~ r o n t e u a r ie s . f the arm , the garden , and q In the fi teenth W B s o f Wo s f u century , illiam , i hop rce ter, ound pon the I sland thirty houses : s o the popu lation ha s apparently fallen f 1 rom 50 to 45 . Dissolu tion s pelt decay The I sland measu res about o n e and three -qu arters of a m ile long by three -qu arters o f a mile broad (if it be possible so to de scribe an irregular form which s omewhat resembles o f that a prehistoric Saurian) . It contain s s ome 50 0 acres o f f s s u ertile andy land ; corn , potatoe , and garden prod ce o w w is s u fo r gr ell , and there good pa t rage s hee p . The history of the Co m m unity

I sland i s fair to look upon with its rich carpet o f flowers fo r . which it is fam ou s a ll the coun try round ; o n the rocks - w ws is w o f the rare Tree mallo gro , and there a ealth golden S S l e a S w s amphire , the vernal qui l , the S pleen ort (A plenium

. S u s o s f marinum) The Portland p rge , eldom ound, grows

f s Ba . he B pro u ely in Priory y The blue Fleabane , t urnet s w f s u f w ro e , and the d ar Centaury bedeck the andy t r , hile Fu c hsia s and Bulbs o f variou s kinds luxu riate in the equ able

. i s s o f s w so m climate It a joy to live in air a pot , here any s u s o f f memorie gather ro nd , and uch beauty orm and colour gladdens the eye . f i The Geological ormation s exceedingly interesting . On s u is s the o th there the Old Red Sand tone , and on the f i s e s o f s north , acing Tenby, Grey Lim tone plendid building

t . s s e o f s s quali y Di coverie have b en made Plei tocene bone , m w s o f w Neolithic human re ains , together ith tho e bro n w f s s bear , ol , hyena , lion , mammoth , rhinocero , hippopotamu ,

‘ s w o x s fi sh do s Iri h elk , red deer, reindeer , ild , bi on , , g , heep , i l . s s goat , and catt e The coa t line very broken and ’

u s : ffs s l s o f S . s s pict re que the cli , e pecial y tho e Margaret I let , s s o f w being pierce d by celebrated cave , into ome hich a boat

w . To s w s f can penetrate at high ater the outh e t , de ending the s f s s iffs o f S I land rom the Atlantic torm , are cl Lime and and B — stone 2 0 0 feet high . Seven ays indent the s hore Priory ’ Ba u s s Ba Bu llu m s Ba D ri n k im Ba y, Pa l Jone y, y, y, Red

B Ba S Ba S Ba . s erry y, andtop y, and andy y The rock are v -f w s s richly coloured , and the e er lo ering gor e brighten the s i land with gold array . In early ummer the Island s alive ul s e li u s s with cormorants , g l , g g , and guillemot , and other rarer s pe cies o f o u r se a birds which delight to rear their broods in s afety on the lofty cliffs towards the wes t . Snow rarely falls and never lies o n the s un ny s oil ; the ' c hill o f frost is

“ s eldom felt ; yet the air is always fresh and bracing with the breezes that s weep across half the world from the open s s o f w s s w se a . Clo e to the Priory a pring ater ri e hich f s upplied the needs o f the Calde y Monks o long a go .

Communication with the mainland , (but rarely interrupted by the no rth -eas t gales which occas ionally las h the waters o f

f r i s s . s the bay into u y , ) made by a private teamer Thi daily brings the letters across the Ca lde y Roads s eparating f s fo r s the I sland rom Tenby, and provide uch connection is ss f s s s s s a s nece ary , etching vi itor and provi ion , and erving t o keep s uffi cient touch with the world from whi ch it lies a s fo r t u se apart : less se vered than in e rlier time , the Ligh ho whi ch stands o n the high land to the s outh n o t only warn s

Eb e asle of Galoey mariners o f the dangers o f the northern coas t o f the Bristol

s s s a s S fo r Ca lde . Chan nel , but al o erve a Telegraph tation y Standing o n the lofty cliffs a lovely view o f land and se a To s s su o f greets the eye . the ea t can be een the penin la

Gower : o n the north east rise the Black Mountains . to the P re c e ll s s : north , over Tenby, the y hill are vi ible to the s outh o n a clear day (and there a re many s uch in this ’ s s Ca lde 8 w s s s unny s pot) the Devon hire coa t and y t in i ter , s u s : to s wes s Lu ndy I sland , can be di ting i hed the outh t , pa t ’ d s s w to m O S . Govan 5 Hea , there tretche a ay A erica the pen ocean . s o f s There are some interesting relic bygone time , geological and religiou s . is s S f In the Priory Church an inci ed tone , five eet high , s Et si n no bearing the legend , a cribed to the ninth century, g ' ' (si no) om ezs in illam fingsi (fin x i) raga om nibu s ibt axorent pro g ' a m m o a m ocom w i s s s f ss s C , hich thu tran lated by Pro e or Rhy , And I have provided it with a cross ; I a sk all who walk in ” thi s place to pray fo r the s oul o f Ca dwga n (pos sibly the who Liberf Lla nda vm si s to Cadogan , acco rding to the , gave land Bu t i n n r f S . Teilo . ) this s o t the only o indeed the chie i - interes t attaching t o this Stone . It s the well known Ogham S o f Ca lde s to tone y, and belong an earlier date than the ninth fo r i s s to s who century , there till be deciphered by tho e can read the Ogham characters the remains o f a mu tilated in sc rip D ri i tion which may take u s back almost t o the times o f S . u b c u s ” M l i n in the sixth centu ry . a g Dubr s all that can o w be s i s s fo r een , and it , according to ome authorities , the Celtic f ri the (tonsu red) s ervant o D u b c iu s . Pos sibly it may be a n f l memorial to o e o the earliest Celtic Abbots o f Ca de y. ss s o f ffs w a re n o w In a fi ure in the rock the High Cli , here s wa s s u o f s the quarrie , there di covered abo t the middle la t u s century a little alabaster Reliqu ary . It had do btle s been s B s to w hidden there by the la t enedictine Monk , hom the s s f s — in I land belonged , at the de truction o their Mona tery ’ o r s h s m hope that they , other Monk w o in God good ti e f w . might come a ter them , ould regain and cheris h it once more is f o f is 8 s The Reliquary in the orm a tomb , and about inche 2 s long by 3; in height , and in breadth . It contain three s u s w s s a s e cavitie , and pon a eparate piece hich erve a cov ring , o r i s s u u u f lid, c lpt red a rec mbent e figy .

s o f S . w i to On the I let Margaret , hich s only be f C a lde lo u s o f approached rom y at w water, are the r in a s m all Chapel . s is f u o f Ca lde s o f o s Thi but a brie acco nt y, the I le M nk , history of the Gom m u m ty

s w s o f S Se a a n d f urrounded by the blue ater the evern , ragrant th s o f w s f the cent flo er and the memory o holy lives . It 18 f s o s s , f o f o f s I land many a pect _ ull charm many kind , rich in historical and natural interests which carry the m ind back

s w w f . to the pa t , and on ard into the unkno n uture The thought o f what I slands have already been to the Chris tian world leads o n o f w Ca lde o f to the hope hat even y, by the grace God , may

s . be in the year that are to come It may never be a Patmos , sf : s s an Iona, a Lindi arne but torm are gathering round the o f s s f Church God , and in troublou time it may be a Home o f S o . Peace , and a tronghold the Faith No better place could f e f be ound wherein to l ad the Contemplative Li e . Far enough away it lies fo r thos e who live o n it to s e e the houses o f the s w its s s : fo r bu y orld , but not to hear ound yet near enough i ts shores to be reached by thos e who s eek the seclu s ion o f the

s o f s w . Cloi ter , or the aid tho e that d ell therein The I s le o f Ca lde y i s an inspiration to thos e who are willing s o f ss s to li ten to the Voice God calling acro the Age , and u s s o f bidding watch the s ign the times in which we live . All s s s the world over great and anxiou truggle are going on , pres aging the coming o f even fi e rc e r co ntentions that will s urely ris e to try the faith even o f the elect— the raging o f the s torm agains t Him that sitteth above the waterflood . In the ages when the Cross o f Chris t wa s borne across the world in its ass au lt agains t the realms o f darkness the Cloister played

i . s s ts part In the day that are coming , when dark cloud are is fo r S s o f ss w gathering again , God calling oldier the Cro , vo ed s His s s olely to intere t , and content to renounce all , that in s inglenes s o f heart they may serve Him alone .

n o w i n u f P a in stho r e The Community , eighteen n mber , le t p

n 1 1 0 6 . B f s s o October 7 th , 9 e ore their departure a hort ervice K wa s held in irby Underdale Church , and the Rector gave s the Community his blessing . The paris hioners had as embled

B s f w w . to bid the rother are ell , and they ere greatly moved For the Brothers had long lived down any s uspicion that had s w been created by bigoted agitation , and the relation bet een f them and the paris hioners had ever been o the kindliest . The people had re cognized that tho ugh the dress and manner o f f B a s n e w life o the rothers w to them , it had been a great bless ing to have in a remote s pot a body o f men whose lives who s w m s es w s were vowed to religion , and had ho n the elv al ay ready to respond to phys ical and s piritual need . P in h r he B s On leaving a st o p e t rother travelled all night , ’ o f S . s reaching Tenby in the early morning Luke Day, a day

Gb e {i sle of caloey

s u f w sw s bright and nny , a ter a gale hich had ept the I land o f s all night long . The entire population the I land had

ass embled to welcome the Community . A procession wa s ff a s formed o n the cli overlooking the bay , and the s teamer ss u f ss neared the s hore the proce ion , headed by th ri er, cro s ss w w e bearer , and taperer , pa ed do n the inding path to me t - the Brothers at the landing stage . ss u n o w Thence the proce ion , a gmented by the Community, it a to s s 1n 1n s D e reca m w wended s w y the I land Church , g g fir t p - s hi s s the very anthem which S . Augu tine and s Monk ang a s u s a o they neared Canterb ry , more than thirteen centurie g

and then the Litanies . As many o f the islanders a s could find room in the nave o f the little Village Chu rch joined m u o ld o f s heartily with the Co m nity in the hymn thank giving , N o w e o u r his thank w all God , and the Abbot gave

ss . s s ble ing Then in the ame order, and inging the Gradual s s ss o ld w wa s to P alm , the proce ion reached the Priory , hich be‘ the home o f the Commun ity until part o f the n e w

buildings s hould be ready to receive them . The Monks took ' their places fo r the firs t time in the temporary stalls in the o f u E u s s nave the Priory Ch rch , and the Holy chari t wa

s olemnly sung . wa s w f w to It a day hich had long been looked or ard , a B day o f deep significance . The enedictines had taken ss s s o f s w its s ss s po e ion their I land home , ith all acred a ociation its s u and many beautie , h mbly and confidently relying upon the Div ine Protection which they had invoked at the moment

o f their landing .

s f o f Here the note o the History the Commu nity cease . They have dealt very briefly with the life and relations o f the u s o f its s f Comm nity , tracing the general outline tory rom the u s u ss s s o f beginning , thro gh the cce ive tage probation ,

s s . is n o t to anction , and con olidation The Community be u o f a s its s ss a s tho ght having attained goal , till le desiring to s s f a s o r a s ns f s pre ent it el a model , co idering itsel uperior to

s . is s s f i critici m On the contrary , it very con ciou o t s many f s ha s s w f r s de ect , and it a trong and gro ing sens e o the e po n s ib ilitie s r s o f that are g adually being laid upon it , e pecially those which come to it with the possession o f the I sle o f

Ca lde . s u s y It de ires to b ild lowly and s ure ly . It tries day u B s o f s by day to acq ire the true enedictine pirit , t mani e t that bright gravity which s hou ld characterize all who try to live s f i a s on s o God . It s quite realized that an iron repression o f u s s o f nat ral temperament , and the impo ition merely irritating J 49 a¢ history of the c om m unity

s s s the re traint are neither wi e nor wholesome , and that o f f is f u harmony Community li e derived , not rom the red ction o f u f f all to a ni orm pattern , but rom the development in each o i character f ts o wn pecu liar aptitudes and capacities . Under lying the s pontaneity o f the life there is a deepening sen s e o f h u s . s w o w B s s s p rpo e Tho e kno the rother be t , are be t able - to . i u bid them God speed The Community s yet yo ng , w s ss but it may be thought to be gro ing in gravity, in teadine ,

o f . B . in devotion , in loyalty to the ideal S enedict

o f Calde s a f fo r Think , then , y I land s a Home o Devotion , u s s to s n o w a tho and year dedicated God , then de olated , and fo r Hi s s w s to recovered ervice , here some are at lea t trying ’ realize their Lord s Will declared in His Divine Counsels .

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HE forgoing Notes o n the History o f o u r Comm unity are chiefly concerned with o u r Origin and Develo pm ent ; we n o w o we it to our readers to make them acquainted with s o f s o f f some detail the Purpo e our li e, and the Method by which that pu rpose is worked out in practice .

— NDAHE TAL PR NC PLES 1 . FU N I I

f s s w s o f n ece ss1t A riend recently a ked a que tion , hich mu t y be in the mind s o f many o f those who have heard o f our Community Wha t is the Fu n da m en ta l P r i nciple u n der lyi ng you r lefe a t P a i ns tho r e o f o s s r o f p The definition our Purp e, and the de c iption w we s a s s o f s our Method, hich have cho en the ubject thi Paper, should be a fairly complete answer to this question . The Pu rpose which the Religious Life ha s in view is the highest possible : fo r it is a Response to the call o f Almighty eter nal r ela tio n s w t God to live in i h Him, and, through Him, w It is a n d ith men and all things . the acceptance complete whole-hearted o f the claim that the Creator makes upon His w s s f is s t creature, the ackno ledgement that thi pre ent li e only a hor a ssa w is f s e p ge to the next, hich our true li e, and the con equ nt o f s so a we o f so fa r a s ordering our exi tence here, th t drop out it we are a ble all that will ha ve to be dropped at the hour o f our dea th that only being kept which is to last fo r ever . The se rvice o f the Crea tor m ust obv iously be the end and s o f r fo r God 11: Su r em e s is purpo e the creatu e, p ; and until thi o f f w w s ff fo r recognized in every relation our li e, the orld ill u er wo t f ss s S d . e ethroning God Any rk, her ore, that a ert the upremacy f s f f w o s a t o e . God, de erve the tention ev ry thought ul man and oman In s s f -w s con idering the Religiou Li e, hich doe emphatically m s l S o f -it is ssa w proclai the o e overeignty God , nece ry to d ell on its animating principle which is simply the passionate love o f the d e vout soul fo r God ; it is based on loving obedience to the o f w w s Voice God calling ith convincing po er, and in re po nding, s i yield to Him H s rightful place a s the Supreme Ruler o f our sou ls . The w r s hole doct ine o f Vocation a s summed up by S. Thoma “ ! s is so a s is Aquina to love God neither much He lovable, nor so much a s the creature absolutely is capa ble o f loving so as m t who Him, but much a or al creature can love Him, ®a r p urpose an o m etboo

s v m t wa o f t a v e s s remove e ery i pediment in he y h t lo , and urrender ” himself wholly to it . S l o t is o f th peaking genera ly, V ca ion the call God to e indi a s i o f s f t we vidu l oul, and in the realizat on the imple act hat a re His t s e w has an s a crea ure , ov r hom God ab olute and in lienable

t. i s Go d m s all w has e righ Th claim ake upon hom He creat d, fo r i n u s t n w fill each a certa n defi ite p rpo e, to do a cer ai ork, to l His s o f fo r t r a certain p ace in cheme Creation, and no o he s w l tht t al to his purpo e, ork, or p ace , and m a , and hat one, find s fo r t t o f wn s v n an d v n Opportunitie an e erni y kno i g, er i g, lo i g

the . Him, Creator W God wi ls fo r s is r ht m su s o f fre wll hat l the oul ig ; and i e e i , by

w s ul s c s ts lf is wr on . its t s hich the o di pla e i e , g In righ po ition the soul finds happiness ; in the wr ong po sition nothing come s to it b u t disappointment and su ffering . God has given each one o f u s the germ o f the gifts an d powers e ss fo r the t la u s has fo r u s n ce ary par icu r p rpo e He planned , and in that sta te alone shall we find o ur tru e developme nt a n d W s f i c His 111. u s s a l mo t per ect obed en e to For , ever l y and ’ v a i s w G s f an d Wis m indi idu lly, th plan hich od per ect Love do has e e d is w a w v it m a : d cr e , our Vocation, h tever or here er y be w t in the s f t se a l fe ss n he her hop or ac ory, on or and, m a pro io

tr e st o the st o f ts f m s t i . or ade, the Pri ho d or Cloi er, i el atter no h ng m e ss a is we s c u the a t a e The ain enti l , that hould o c py ex c pl c wl s fo r u s t t s so t t o u r l s God i l , and do our du y m hat tate, ha ive

become what He meant them to be . In the sight o f God the l s is o hi m sel t t the s u la the good Re igiou f f no be ter han good ec r, good Prie st no better tha n the go od bu siness m an : if Go d i s st an d s e ss m an - ntended the Prie t to be a Prie , the bu in to be s t at is h : es t s a t s t ar e His uch, h enoug in their r pec ive t e hey , by c t a a s o f fe ti w u e s o f gra e, to a tain th t me ure per c on hich He req ir t a n d t c ha w the t his o wn hem, nei her can nge place ith o her by w n t the W o f choice ithout going agai s ill God. e a t f t s st t a o f t st e twe n Look d rom hi andpoin , all ide con ra b e st t a n d a t t o d e t1i m e n t o f t r is n o t on one a e no her, the ei he , ly b su d is s t w c e u s it is is o f a r , but po i ively i k d ; beca e a critic m ’ ’ i s o t t n s la fo r Hi s tu s . God p n crea re To real ze one V ca ion, he , ’ is es s W l st v w l w t o f t to corr pond to God il , and ri e to a k or hily hat w i No w Go d es s the fre w to hi ch one s called . d ire to receive e ill ff n o f the v o f h fo r his fa e o eri g lo e a c ild ther, rath r than the enforce d obedience tha t a slave owes to hi s master : the choice is t ss ssi ho w u t it aff o t our u ndoub e d po e on, o gh to ect our V ca ion in f ? In st a we m isu se fi' e e will in li e the fir pl ce, may our r t a wh has s w u s cho osing a lower standa d h n that ich been ho n to , and the natu ral m an m ay shr ink from the work to which duty

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w t but to live in the orld and therein to find heir right place. Bu t it is equa lly clear that som e are called to the forsaki ng o f all t s fo r o f st s s hing the love Chri , and uch mu t obey what they calmly and delibe rately believe to be the distinct ca ll o f God to E if them . ven no apparent good came o f this renunciation still the Cloistered Life would be the only right life fo r those fo r whom God has willed it . O u r s a s s is Fundamental Purpo e, then, a Religiou Community, to ge t ba ck to First Principles which lie deep in the foun dation o f these gr e a t realities . o f o d Who is f r . t G . The Na ure , Per ect Love t o f w s s is m 2 . The na ure Man ho e oul made in the i age o f God Cr ea tion who is w b R edem ti on s s o n f by , rene ed y p by Je u the S o Sa nci z ca tion S o f God, and dedicated in fi by the Holy pirit Go d . We were crea ted to conduce in some wa y to the happiness o f we a re o wn we b w B God, not our , are ought ith a price . y ’ a San c tifi ca tio n we l o d s Cre tion, Redemption, and are entire y G , s s f a f His l ss ss ss and our oul , being ormed ter ikene , po e in a certa in measure Hi s attributes . His perfection o f love should be u s His s ss s e fin d r reflected in , righteou ne , ju tic , and mercy thei His s t t m v i place in our souls. ilent ac ivi y oreo er finds ts response fo r a e s s t t w s in our nature, in all g and in all religion ha or hip a t we t s who r a re si t Supreme Crea or, find ho e , like Ma y, content to His f s s the s i at eet, and unite them elve to Him by ilent adorat on o f the s f o f loving hearts . The principle Religiou Li e is therefore tru e in conception and in essence : it is a glad and fr ee service ’ because it is responsive to love . Quite unlike this is the world s sa a is f s conception o f it . People y th t it al e in principle be cause l ’ is t re is s S. P s w s it un rue to nature, and the p y obviou , in aul ord , The natural man receiveth not the things o f the Spirit o f God f r t f l s ss u : r w o hey are oo i hne nto him neithe can he kno them, ”

t s . 1 o r . because they are spiri ually di cerned ( C ii . The position o f the Materialis ts and mere philanthropists o f the present day is a sound o ne so fa r as concerns the present and transitory life o f this world they ignore altogether the things o f a t s w t r n the Spirit o f God . They c nno di cern them ith hei atural w eyes beca use they are on ly to be kno n spiritu ally. God an d is l His claim upon man nothing to them, they on y concern w w s in t o f m an the themselves ith the poor, eak, peri h g na ure , w is - - w n ature o f the animal hich here to day and gone to morro . a s s eo s w s o f Spiritu l thing are to the e p ple heer a te time, and to s f s e s m d s l ff them the Con ecrated Li e mu t inde d ee a i ma a air,

r s r w s f . bound by a bitrary rule , a bar en, a ted li e t has v w fo r its s — Human socie y only one moti e po er action , the love o f this life and material things : and the Divine society ha s

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s to it— the o f f m another, diam etrically oppo ed hope the li e to co e Is an w f and the love o f Alm ighty God . it y onder that the ormer totally misunderstan ds the latter ? N0, strong and joyous is the o se v o f life o f those who are given t the r ice God in love, They

o f S. s s had no sa dness is the testimony Chry o tom, they ” if w a . S. s m s s wa ge war withthe dev il as they ere pl ying An el ay , Behold and se e with what lightness the burden o f Monastic life s o f se x o f v a e t n is borne by Christian either , e ery g and condi io , ” who fill the whole world with their songs o f joyous praise . Following u pon this principle o f the relation o f the sou l to f i W l fo r u s o u t God comes the discov ery o H s i l , and the carrying “ W s s t o f that Will in our daily life . hen everal people di cover tha sa the Will o f Go d lies fo r them in the me direction , they naturally b and them selves together to obtain all the strength they can by h1s w a ss . t e Ca ld e mutu l a ociation and encouragement In at y, w s s w o u r in common ith many other el e here, find vocation to live

B . in Community under the Holy Rule o f S. enedict We have dealt with this great principle a t some length because f it is the key to the right understanding o f o u r li e . People are ' ’ apt to dwell to o m uch o n a ca a en fs while failing to grasp the essen tia ls so we ws l a we w t , that i h to make it quite c e r that are ha we s we s s f e t o are, becau e hone tly believe thi li e and none oth r be the Will o f Godf o r u s and because we believ e t his we could n o t be anythin g else . c s o f o u r f u an d The a cident li e, the Holy R le, the Habit, Monastic customs are merely the externals which enshrine the principle that keeps u s together : the casket containing what we hold most dear : the sacramental bond which in this world o f external s i f u f f s f thing s at once the sign and the sa eg ard o the Li e it el . We wish above all else to make our conception o f Christianity t t so we s f f a rue and living reali y, and impli y our li e, and rightly m v re o e all obstacles in order the better to u se all legitimate aids . The Religiou s Vo wis t o u s the extension o r rather the fulfilment o f ws o f o u r B s v a s a the vo apti m, invol ing they do the renunci tion o f w s a n o f s to orldly thing , and the complete dedic tio our live the s v f s s er ice o God . The Chri tian obligation common to all m e n ’ are by God s Will quickened into vigorous force in the Religiou s f a n d w is f a s s s Li e, hat o ten to m ny an illu ive and un ub tantial ideal becomes to others a solid actuality that which is tod ay so often the Sunday pastim e o f the unthinking Christian becom es m t s o f fe the everyday e ploymen , the joyou occupation a li time . Le t u s suppose tha t it became surely known that the Second A v o f o u r wa s t n a t f s s an d d ent Lord cer ai the end o thi pre ent year, s a s s s So n o f E w that at Chri tm time Je u , the ternal God, ould to s in u s o f His s Hi f t come thi earth the clo d Maje ty, that s ee g $ 5 7 .) ® ur p urpose aub { b et b oo

should rest once more u pon the Mount o f Olives as He cam e to ta His f f w S ke out aith ul people and to judge the orld . urely in f o f s e s s s who the ace thi vent, tho e Chri tian cared would at all s s o f o n ce w w w u co t , and , give up hat they kne o ld displease their w w Lord, or hinder their union ith Him they ou ld practically in e s s s o f s fo r th ir variou vocation adopt the tate Religiou , the y would ea gerly seek to detach themselv es from the world a n d tran sitory n s s s w w a thi g , and attach them elve ith their hole he rt to the things - o f God . P e t sins and self indu lgences wou ld be forsaken without a s d w m o f sm a n econ thought, money ould beco e all account, d the churches would b e thronged night and day by suppliants seeking Ho w f the mercy o f God . care ully would the Holy Scriptures b e s d s e s s o f i earche , the Prophecie r ad, and the ign the times d s “ ss ! o f s is a t f cu ed For the end all thing hand, be ye there ore

w . eter s I P . ober, and atch unto prayer ( iv W t a ll w s n o w— the o f ha ould find then, ome find Voice the B s s s o f t eloved peak to their heart , and they gladly g or h, leaving se s ds a n d f s s s hou , and lan , riend to fill the Mona terie and Con e o f w f v nts the orld with Christians ervent m sp1r1t se rvm g the Lord .

- 2. THE HONESTIO LIFE, l RETURN TO THESE PRINCIPLES In all ages and prov inces o f the Church m e n and women have been found ready to yield themselves to the exclusive service o f t E s s Almigh y God . Here in ngland, and e pecially in York hire, are the magnificent ruins o f houses in which have lived thousa nds who have so responded to this claim and if fo r a brief spell the s ff e ha s the st te timony they a ord d been in abeyance, yet during pa fifty years it ha s been revived b y brave women who fa ced w Y s s f s we n o w . e di ficultie hich can hardly realize , the Religiou Life fo r women ha s struggled ba ck into full existence in spite o f the prejudice and criticism o f a world that had largely forgotten i s w f r s l s God . S sterhood have again o n o them e ve the recognized is place they once held in the economy o f the Church . It not w t fo r s s f only the good ork hey do the ick, the u fering, and the s f s w b u t is tire wi tnes s in ul that commend them even to the orld, it t/ze l ea n to od ha s wo n fo r s an d y G that them the re pect, the love, - s w the gratitude they receive to day. The e omen, having once f s f s v recognized the call o God to the Con ecrated Li e, per e ered w si w a n d ith heroic patience till bigoted oppo tion broke do n , enemies became friends . For variou s reasons men have not a s yet regained this position fo r them the Religious Life ha s b een o f slower growth . Attempts have be en made over and over again to ga ther

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— “ says We call this state Religious by reason o f the last

“ w t s s and principle end to hich it end , and thi end is God s f w s f i Him el . The or hip o God and H s service is its first h object . Those w o embrace it consecrate themselves especially f is t o f and totally to God, and there ore it tha the name Religious ” is - given by pre eminence . ” Religious does not therefore mean to imply tha t all other “ ” s s f o r so - s s n o t s tate are pro ane, that called ecular are religiou B t s i u people . u the expres ion s sed simply to describe the life o f those who pu t themselves under the definite Rule o f an approved Religious Community in order to accept the s s s s o f s Coun el in addition to the po itive Precept the Go pel , which are binding on all Christians alike . There is thus no invidious contrast between the Religious od is u r em e s s s . G S and ecular tate p , and although some are a f s to f w s w s c lled to or ake all ollo Chri t, hile other are b idden w o f s s to remain in the orld and yet not it, both tate are equ ally w His W s Hi W in accordance ith ill, and in both mu t s ill be f We done and His Glory se t orth . cannot do bette r here fo r those who may a sk what the Evangelica l Counsels really are ’ s W s 5 f than ummarize Canon oodhou e excellent epitome o them . E u s s s s f The vangelical Co n el , or Precept , or Coun els o — i f a s u s . t Per ection, commonly nder tood, are Pover y ii .

. so Cha stity iii . Obedience They are called because they s s E are recorded in the Go pel , are peculiar to the vangelical s s s u s s or Go pel y tem , and beca e they pre cribe the highest i moral standa rd that s attainable by human nature . — ’ As regards Poverty our Lord s teaching is clear and s s f emphatic . Not only doe He pronounce di tinctly in av our s w a s w o f s e f . Poverty, but denounce ealth dangerou and o ul An d besides this He Himself selected Poverty fo r His o wn W condition in His human life . e need not occu py space in W qu oting a multitude o f fam iliar passa ge s . e will take three ’ a s o f th a s f s o f s t only, typical e v riou orm our Lord eaching ’ b t B ss fo r s is on this su jec le ed are ye poor, your the is s fo r kingdom o f he aven . It ea ier a camel to go through e o f fo r e the e y a needle, than a rich man to nter into the king ” o f do m o f heaven . And the parable the rich man and Lazaru s . — As regards Chastity b y which we understand the choice o f the virgin state b y persons o f either se x Blessed are the ” “ pure in heart 3 Whosoever shall look upon a woman to lust after her hath com mitted adultery already with her in his ” ’ heart , and again our Lord s o wn personal adoption o f the

virgin state . “ s — B ss s fo r As regard Obedience le ed are the poor in pirit, ®a r p u rpose aub M etboo

’ “ he s is f B ss fo r t ir the kingdom o heaven le ed are the meek, ” Hi s t s e . s s s s hey hall inherit the arth And be ide the e, prai e o f the s t o f d a s the s s His piri childhoo , and in other ca e personal obedience to : parents and rulers and that which “ m a a s the o f His f No t w y almost be taken motto li e, My ill

but Thine b e done . Above all there is the advice given by o u r Lord to the rich w s n o t w s th s . s w young man The e ord are idle ord , they are e ord o f Him Who is a n d f Truth, and they have a very real definite orce “ fo r who e t If w t f o all are abl to receive hem thou il be per ect, g an d s l a t s s h el th thou ha t, and give to the poor, and thou halt ave i ”

Ma tt . . tr easure in he a v e n : and come and followme . ( xix This advice wa s distinctly intended to be acted upon li ter a lly by s s s ss a s if m ome per on , and cannot be pa ed over it eant nothing at To n W s W all . quote Cano oodhou e again hat interpretation did the im mediate disciples o f Christ put upon these precepts The answer is clear and u nmistakable a s to the condu ct o f the s w m n b u t u t s . e Apo tle They ere poor indeed, they gave p heir all f r s f W w s t o . o s . e o S Chri t hear nothing f ive , excep in the ca e ’ t : ft fo r s s s s Pe er and he evidently le her, he claim Chri t promi ed wa s who f s s s s s re rd to tho e had le t hou e , and brethren, and i ter , f wf an d s fo r His and ather, and mother, and i e children, and land ’ m w c Na e s sake . These precepts ere ac epted then literally by the s s o u t w t s a n o r s f w Apo tle , and carried ithou re erv tio , o tening do n, ” o r dispensation . We may liken the Religious Life to a beautiful garden full o f w s o f f se t s s o f flo er a peculiar ragrance, in the va ter field the s w we s t commandment , here ought to find a more conden ed elemen f u o f o that Christianity to which we are all called . The real val e s w m any Religiou Rule hether Active or Contemplative, ild or s s s s w s au tere , con i t in that eternal element hich mu t enter into the f o f s s o r s w s his li e every oul ecular religiou , hat oever education,

s r s fs . is n ur ounding , and definite belie may be There nothi g actually ennobling in mere separation and seclusion from the life o f humanity a t large : this were a loss rather than a gain u nless it substituted a deeper sym pathy with the m ore fundamental s s o f i fo r u s tr s f f he intere t mankind . It s not to con a t the li e o t s w o f s s a s w is w Commandment iththat the Coun el that hich lo er, w a t w is b u t s m s s ith th hich higher, to re t rather in that o t acred w W essence hich is common to both . e can aim at nothing s we b t : higher than Chri tianity, and are all ound to aim a that s f is to s n o t s a in Religiou li e in order Chri tianity, and Chri ti nity ” “ order to Religious life . 1

7 71 6 Cou n els er i on u s o F. . W o o s . f P fi ct . C o dh e “ Ab rid e d fro m Wker e Sa i n ts na r D P trie v e t M. e . 1 ( g od . . )

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s f has its f w e Mona tic li e, then, oundation deep do n in th God ’ ive n n a tu re o f a s s l. It ha s w s is g , m n ou al ay been there, and the reflection and im itation o f the example which our Lord Him self se t u s : it is n o t an experiment any more than the Gospel c an be s to an s f r it aid be experiment, neither doe it need an apology, o is t t s o f a re urn to the Firs Principle Primitive Christianity. This

\“ the l a s s t s v f iter l, ober, and con cien iou interpretation in e eryday li e f i o the Divine Counsels. Monasticism s not the idle dream o f s n m ta s s o f f in w s v to s e ti en li t tired li e the orld, tri ing do omething s s b u t is extraordinary in order to bring them elve into notice, it ’ th w v n o f s W w a f e do nright con ictio doing God ill. The e ring o the s is s s fo r ffe t religiou Habit not a illy entimental craving e c , but the obligation o f those who rejoice to wear the uniform o f their

Master. A man does not become a Religious to escape the re spo n sib ilitie s o f a f f s ordin ry amily li e, but that he may accept that aying o f w i u w fo r our Lord hich all cannot receive, to rema n n edded the ’ tt M a . . r r 1 2 k o f s s . S. . ingdom heaven ake xix , ’ s t is s eccen tn ci z is s co n een In hor , it not religiou y , but it religiou tr a tio n i W o f n o t s t we accord ng to the ill God, and ome hing that are to choose o r wish fo r in order tha t we may plea se ourselves . s f s f s No man can give him el a Vocation or make him el a Religiou , ’ it is God s Call upon which all depends. “ YE s b u t s s s have not cho en Me, I have cho en you ay our B s s f s w s : s s Lord . A holy i hop, him el a Religiou , rite God choo e s s s t s ws the per on, He eek the opportuni y, He be to the needed f s s s s v s s gi t , He in pire the thought, He order the e ent , He enlighten s s to s s the oul , He make the voice be heard, He remove the ob ta cles and He offers Himself in so definite a wa y that we cannot ” with rea sonable care mistake it. Le t u s n o wturn o u r attention to the consideration o f the grea t n eed that there is to-day o f men to whom God ha s given the W a e if s a t . e Religiou Voc ion live in a remarkable g , remarkable s m wa s only fo r its wonderful activity. Pre u ably there never a ’ i s s w f wa s v s a time n the world hi tory, in hich li e li ed at uch a p ce f o f f s s s s o f a s in the present day. The li e a hion con i t a f s s u f perpetual round o ocial dutie h rried through, one a ter

a t s ss s . s ss 15 a t a nother, the greate t po ible peed bu ine conducted s ss w o f s s the highe t pre ure, ith the help telephone and telegraph - s st and endless time saving contriva nces. The all ab orbing intere - ws o f fo r s o f m oney getting allo little time pau e, recreation or s o f s - f f es s f thought . Moreover, thi rapidity pre ent day li e orc it el s s f f the into o u r religion, and make it el only too keenly elt in a s a service o f the sanctuary. The clergy h ve not e c ped the s s fe o f s ha s u niversal infection . The lei ured cholarly li the pa t,

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st s s s we mu make up our mind to have more clear pace in our day, m ust learn to realize that what we a r e is fa r more important than w a we do t we st be w s u s to oe if we h t , tha mu hat God intend , w do w t do s s u s . s ould ha God de ire to Repo e, recollection , a s s fo r ss w s contemplation are to m ny people ynonym idlene , ord standing fo r ideas with which in these days m any have but little s m e t m st s f y pathy, and y they u enter into the compo ition o o u r s if u r w is l s n live o ork to be rea and la ti g. If we b s o f a e s a s are agreed a out the pirit the g , it mu t l o be t t is a n d a s agreed hat a contradic ion needed, a concrete example o f this contradiction we advoca te the quiet life o f Religious If we Communities. once realize ho w v ery bad the spirit o f our i s a e s s s a t . g , thi contradiction become a trong recommend ion And so the revival o f that which in old days wa s known a s the f ha s fo r s o f Contemplative Li e been undertaken, not the ake s s s o f a s a e b u t s blindly copying the religiou a piration a p t g , becau e we believe that God ha s ca lled some o f u s to such a life which wa s s a f may do a little to rd upplying a re l want o the present day. We f w s the t s w l t eel dra n to eek old pa h and to a k in hem, the “ ’ “ K s w a s m as a K s s it ing High ay, Tho empi call , the Royal Road o f ss s we s the Holy Cro , becau e hope that under God the Religiou Life may do something to strengthen the foundations o f that s o f w t u w se f inner anctuary true devotion, i ho t hich tho outer orms w s w s f l s s l ss and ork hich meet the eye mu t a l peedily to ruin, u e e

ff t . and ine ec ual, cumbering the ground Communities such a s ours have ever existed in the Catholic we s f is f l s u Church, and believe that uch a li e need u to ec re the spiritual balance which the one-sided development o f the present f s day renders us in danger o lo ing . We f l f sit i in l a t ee , there ore, no he at on making it c e r hat the l a r is prima ry work o f our Community at Ca d e y is P r ye . There o f E a n a nd w a ll a s plenty o f activity in the Church ngl d, ith our he rt fo r it w we w t w His l is we thank God , but hat an to do, ith he p, to t — if w t stand a s it were silently behind that activi y you ill, apar a v — s w a s ff from that cti ity upporting it ith our pr yer , o ering to God ff ts fo r Him in our daily Offices all the e or that are being made , f t w s in ss like Moses o old on the Moun , ith hand upheld interce ion fo r those who are actively engaged in the nob le and trying work

‘ in s w t s o f meeting the enemy the field, and truggling ith the at ack

o f evil which are ever assaulting the children o f God . The i B o f s st f s v Church s called the ody Chri t, and mu there ore tri e to i f a ff u s a l o f be like Him in all respects . H s li e ords an ex mp e a f s t wo s o f s t f perfect combination o the e element the piri ual li e, W l H s w l . is na mely, the Active and the Contemp ative hi e day ere s His f l w r s o f dev ote d to teaching, healing the ick, and mani o d o k

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s w m to s s o f mercy among tho e hom He ca e ave, the other a pect f i s o f s that li e s represented by those thirty hidden year ilence, by the solitary struggle with the great enem y o f God du ring the forty s w ss w s s day in the ilderne , and by the hole night pent in agonizing i If s n o t u f prayer to H s Father. the Church doe reprod ce the li e f s its ' two fo ld a s we to o her Lord in thi pect, have no right be is s v surprised if her influence suffers . There a real and po iti e

u s f w o r . good in the Religio Li e, hether Active Contemplative The merest human perception o f the natural man can se e good in w o f It s the ork the active Religiou s. need the keener perception o f the spiritual m an to realize the intense power that is wielded b y prayer -the spiritual force which is brought into action by u n u s wi Go d t s who w m nbroke interco r e th , by ho e , ho ever i per ’ fe c tl s s w o u r s s w y, put them elve into touch ith Lord pre ent ork, an d unite a ll their spiritual energies with Him Who is the Great

Intercessor. To d s L f a s s s u s ss w s is ecry the Cloi tered i e elfi h, ele , a ted, to ‘ ’ impugn the worth o f o u r Blessed Lord s pleading before the to Him to wn f m His Father, and bid come do ro place at the right o f w t ss fo r u s hand God, here He ever live h to make interce ion , to t t w s o f t w end o the bodily ant m en . May it n o ell be that much o f o u r failure to lay hold o f the min 3 and affections o f men is d u e to the loss we have su stain e by the abolition o f o u r Monasteries ? and m a y we not hope that their revival will give ’ n ew life an d d epth to the Church s work ? Catholics can only look back with deepest sorrow to that dark page in o u r religiou s history which tells o f the destruction o f those gloriou s religious s s o f st fo r w s s hou e the pa , and pray the time hen God hall end among u s His Holy Spirit to revive once m ore that self-sa c rific in g w f devotion hich prompted o u r ancestors to ound them . s v w w m to s o f d a s a Thi revi al, ho ever, ill co e mo t people to ay t m u st s s o f s f and in novel y, and be undertaken in a real di tru t el f s in w f ffi s o f s the ull tru t the po er o God . Di cultie all kind su rround such a revival— the opposition o f ignorant people and ’ w - s o f f s— Goa iv es tire ca ll the ell meant critici m riend but if g , and f w - r to s to t the men are ound hole hea ted enough re pond it, here c an n o o f be doubt the ultimate issue . In those coming to such a life the re mu st be a full realization o f s w s s f t w the high ideal hich it et be ore hem, together ith a readiness to ackn owledge the m istakes which have been made in s w s s to . s the pa t, and a illingne s correct them There mu t al o be a fu ll understanding that it is only by living true to the Monastic ideal that the revival can hope to win the respect o f o u r country m e n its u s if o f the , and to find place once more in the religio l e r E Chu ch in ngland .

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B OR we ss s o f le t EF E pa on to the de cription our Method, me su m up briefly what I have already written on the Fundamental s o f s f Purpo e the Mona tic Li e .

— 1 . RECAP ITULATION

r P . The anima ting rinciple o f the Dedicated Life is the love f o God . 2 s f . Thi short physical li e o f ours is b u t the preparation fo r f s lv s ss o f our eternal li e, and thi invo e the nece ity the increasing f f u r f per ection o o true sel .

. s f b u t s w m 3 Not all are called to thi Li e, tho e only in ho God s s ws sa o f in pire the i h, giving at the me time an Opportunity l rea izing it. wh i . s o v A m f 4 Tho e ha e a Common live the Common Li e, s s o f P s a n d f t trong in the pur uit their urpo e, help ul o each other b h f yt e similarity o their Method .

. f s o f f P s is s 5 In all orm the Common Li e the urpo e the ame, w s o f m hile the Method may vary according to the need ti e,

place, and individual temperament . 6 w s . a h w e e A p rticular Met od hen once fix d, ill attract tho who in s s s s a n only find it a re pon e to their a piration , and

environment congenial to their indi vidual vocation .

— 2. THREE METHODS

s f ws a t s r i n c les From thi it ollo , th t al hough the ame p ip underlie a ll f s o f s f is ss an ff orm the Religiou Li e, it nece ary that m y di erent ’ m et/zoa s should exist to provide fo r the ever-varying temperaments and types o f the human soul . The experience o f ages ha s taught u s that there are three

f I . principal forms o f the Religious or Spiritual Li e . The B t 2 v . . . Active . . The Contemplati e 3 The Mixed enedic X V s b s s s o f S f I . clearly de cri e the e three varietie the piritual Li e a s follows

r l e Acti ve Li e — s f who v . f Tho e among the Faith ul gi e s s a t s f them elve up to the continual, or lea t very requent practice o f s l w s o f s t piritua and corporal ork mercy, and to the con tan s o f w s exerci e virtue, both to ard God and their neighbour, o f s s l a n whether they are works precept or coun el, are aid to ive f Active Li e . — wh s s l e on tem la ti ve Li e. s o 2 . C p f Tho e give them elve up f s o f a n d to continua l or very requent con ideration God, the s o f o f t ha s r v l to u s thing God, and everything tha been e ea ed wh w w a t w a o are endo ed ith ch rity, toge her ith the total renunci

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Active Community : an d equally so fo r hi m who has receiv ed certain gifts and attractions fo r work which would lie ma in ly s f s s fo r the among the in ul, the ick, and the outca t, or educa f l o s v o f S. tion the young, to eek to i e under a Rule like that Benedict which sets before its disciples a s its p r i m a ry end the t o f v ffi s o f reci ation the Di ine O ce, and the action the Contempla tive Life . n s a o f s le t u s f r w I te d contra ting them, rather eel d a n to admire W s o f A Go d Who ha s the i dom and Love lmighty , filled the a o f His w so a s w s g rden Church ith m ny and variou flo er , each w s a l o f its o wn f f its ith a peci beauty , bearing ruit a ter kind, to l make g ad the hearts and lives o f men .

— 3. H LY R LE OF S BENED CT THE O U . I Perhaps this may help o u r readers to understand why it is that s a t s s w who there are ome lea t, even in thi t entieth century, con ’ sc ie n ti o u sly feel that it is God s Will fo r them to live under that l w f a s Of 1 0 0 s is st as Ho y Rule hich, a ter the l p e nearly 4 year , ill a s o f S l f a s wa s virile and daptable to the need the piritua Li e, it w it st ft o f t B ss who in the day hen fir le the pen tha le ed Man, ha s since been universa lly acclaimed a s the Patriarch o f the

West . The secret o f the in fluence and vitality o f thi s Rule is to be found in its intense realization o f huma n nature and the needs o f s its a s s the oul, practical ad ptability to all the variou change in s s s s a s s flo w : its st ma nner , in cu tom , and nation the age on rong

s o f t its sa ncti ed com m o n sen se . broad pirit chari y, and fi The same freshness is to be found in the writings o f Thomas a K s w fe w s s w empi , than hich piritual book are more idely read “ a n d tire Im ita tio n o f S. B s like , the Holy Rule enedict find its permanent usefulness to the Church largely in the fact that it is based entirely upon the words o f Holy Scripture and the “ i o f Who s a s a ss teach ng our Lord, aid He ven and earth hall p w ” wa w s s ss . a y, but My ord hall not pa a ay La ter on we shall deal with the Holy Rule at greater length f s w l s ffi sa is s u o r the pre ent it il be u cient to y, that it thi R le B a t ss w . ritten by S enedict about the year 535, Monte Ca ino, w t we as hich, under authori y, have taken the guide in the

formation o f our Community at Caldey. L— THE ETHOS OF THE BENEDICTINE LIFE A good idea o f the genera l scope o f the Benedictine Life may be gathered from the following quotations from an article written by the Abbot o f a large and flourishing Mon astery o f the Order J‘ 6 8 J' ®ur p urpose ano {b etb oo

Everyone is familiar with the magnificent ruins o f our old B s s f s s o f enedictine Churche , and mu t have elt the en e calm which even in their ruin these homes o f the Monastic Life if f s . s s o conv ey to the oul At the ame time, he turn to the page history and reads the re the record o f the marv ellous works which s s v o s ss the Benedictine have accompli hed, mar ell u in their greatne , s an d i wi in their diver ity, in their v tality, he ll recognize that the f B f is o f ss calm o the enedictine Li e not the quiet idlene , but the o f s w ar n o t fo r its o wn s a s peace uncea ing ork, c ried on, ake, but s f a s O being the mean to the higher li e, being the bedience to the la w o f labour that lies o n all men . A o f s magnificent Church, the glory the anctuary, the chant s1m le ss w c s to p and ma ive, in hi h all can ing their prayer God, st f f — s s w continual indu ry, peace ul li e the e are the thing hich s u s B s we a sk u s s trike in the enedictine Mona tery, and o r elve what a re the hidden forces which produce these same effects where ver the Benedictines settle and are free to follow their in f B ? a e S. tradition In every g and every land, rom enedict and the heights o f Monte Cassino to Ne w Nu rsia in the Au stra W i f l s we the s f s. a s s s ia , recognize ame eature h t thi li e, thi Rule, w s s s a ll s n d s a n d w v hich thu uit time a all people , hich in e ery diversity o f soil produces the same fru it ? The answer seems W f B e o . n simple . find in the Rule S enedict o t so much o f t s a s fe w s w w a number de ail , a main principle , hich , orking in w f s f hi human nature, have produced that onder ul hi tory o s Order : principles which cannot grow antiquated o r grow o u t o f fo r are n o t ia s o f date, they pecul r to any condition education, o r n o r ss or race, ra k, era, nor intended to meet any pa ing f s o r s in f o f a s s di ficultie trial the li e the Church, but are univer al We u m a s is the human race . may s them up thus i r . B s n f f enedictine live Comm unity, the normal li e o B s is f o f fo r enedictine the li e m any livin to ether, not the sake ’ g g o f a r ticu la r wé r s fa doing any p fl , but that they may carry out a r a s possible the full teaching o f Christ on the perfection o f human life . 2 is s o f B n s . It characteri tic the e edictine that they have no s eci a l w u s o f w B p ork to the excl ion other orks. A enedictine House takes up any work which is adapted to its peculiar s a s w w circum t nce , any ork hich may be dictated to it by its w B necessities . Thu s e find the enedictines teaching in the Poor S s s s s f chool and in the Univer itie , practi ing the Arts and ollowing o f s s s Agriculture, undertaking the care oul , or devoting them elves w s . w is f to B t holly to tudy No ork oreign the enedic ine, pro vide d is w t w only it compatible ith living in Communi y, and ith f o f ffi f the per ormance the Divine O ce . This reedom in the ®ur p urpose auo {p etb oo

choice o f work wa s necessary in a Rule which was to be suited to s s wa s s o f all time and place , but it primarily the natural re ult the w ff S. B w w s f end hich enedict had in vie , and in hich he di er rom s o f s w s the Founder later Orders. The e latter had in vie ome special work to which they wished their disciples to devote them ’ s v s B v Ru le b el e S. enedict s purpose wa s only to pro ide a \ y / w f w s s s v and hich any one might ollo the Go pel Coun el , and li e, work and pray W B 3. e must next point out that the Prayer o f the enedic s is ffi m s o f tine the public O c e o f the Church . The ember s P a Community may have their private devotion , but their rayer a s s is f ffi s the fi n d Monk the chanting o the O ce . In thi y their ’ ’ l r E s Voca Prayer, their Meditation, thei xamen, their Act , * w o f s their morning or ev ening Prayer. The ork the Monk s w a ll s o f s carrie them a ay to part the Mona tery, but at early a s the w s a ll morning and at evening, again and again day ear on, fo r f o return to the Church the Divine O fice, and g back once w more to their ork or to their rest . f . s s o f n o 4 La tly, another ecret the character and i fluence the Be nedictine Life seems to be that the Monks o f a Monastery s are bound together by ties which are particularly clo e . They a re truly said to form a Family ; the old and yo ung grow up s f s s together under the ame roo , under the ame di cipline, s ss w around the ame Altar, until the old men pa a ay and the w a is young gro old, and yet another gener tion ready to receive f s a w f w o f rom their hand th t are gro ing eeble, the ork the s s s f Mona tery , and thu , generation ucceeding generation, the Li e ”

s w s s . goe on, and the ork never cea e

— D WORK 5 . PRLYER LN

“ ’ Ye B wa v a u s : S. enedict s purpose s only to pro ide R le by w f w s s s v hich any one might ollo the Go pel Coun el , and li e, and

w so se t f o f . ork, and pray, and orth the glory God N0 better summary o f our Method could be found than in s w f s s the e ords . The practica l expression o our Purpo e lie in ’ two ss s o f s ss P r a er the great e ential man progre , in y and in r k i s to ss ss Wo . Every Community ever founded s aid po e ” s o f its o wn w is w s s its a pirit hich peculiar to it, and hich et ” stamp upon the face and bearing o f its members and the spirit which we are trying to cultivate is that o f assiduous Work fo r our a s f s o f d ily bread, and the pirit o Prayer in the olemn recitation

At Calde in a ddi ti o n to the Vo ca l P ra e r o f th y, y e Cho ir , e a chBro the r has wha t is k no wn t as he Qu ie t Ho u r e ve ry eve n ing fo r his o wn priva te ra r an d l ti p ye re co le c o n .

® ur p urpose ano {netb oo

’ t l t o f s par icu ar por ion the Church work . He k n ows that by going apa rt from the busy world he may be fa r more useful to it and that under God his prayer and disciplined life will help its v s f s o f the good in final triumph o er the oppo ing orce evil, at “ ” w o f s the going do n the su n . Thu Prayer and the various actions o f the Contemplative Life must be our first duty and s : f w ha its con ideration a ter that, actual ork s place . Wor k — s W is o f two w s . s fo r Thi ork kind Fir t, ork the s o f s t w upport the Community, and then piri ual ork amongst s w w we tho e ith hom are brought into touch . s t s o f B th In apportioning the variou occupa ion the rethren, e individual gifts and capabilities o f each must be taken into tr o f w i a ccount. A ue principle gro th s that it can only be if ss is a ter i ts ki n d l healthy the proce f . Just a s a p ant in order to reach its perfection must be grown under the proper conditions o f s so f s h light, air, and oil ; man can only ully re pond to is f vocation under avourable conditions. E ha s w s if s ach character a certain bent, certain po er , certain g t , the exercise o f which seem to come more naturally to it than to s a f s m r o fl ss ss fo r others . The e particul r gi t a k the po e or If m i a particular work . the whole an s to reach his proper w s l s a s stu ltifie d gro th (piritual, menta and phy ic l) , he mu t not be f r w i s by doing work o hich he s quite un uited . Any huma n wr ss s s being in the ong place, through carele judgement and elfi h

s is s s t . end , a orry p ec acle It is therefore ab solutely necessary that pains should be taken with ea ch individual to discover and develop the talent that God wa f u a . s o se hs given him In thi y all can be , all can be truly f f o f s s happy in their li e, and the very eeling per onal con ideration which is shown brings a strong element o f tru st an d stability into ’ f s f f s s s o n . the man li e, and o ter a pirit union in the Commu ity W s ith a little care, then, it come about that each individual can contribute his o wn Special gift towards the general support . In ” o f s w a place where all are one heart and one oul, here none “ ” “ a h t is his o wn w v s may s y t a ought , here they ha e all thing ” t is common, the Communi y a true Democracy, and there can be no such thing a s men ial work . W s w we a s s u s ith regard to piritual ork , take that it come to , i v and outside the Monastery we do not seek it . There are Act e w we f Orders in the Church hich preach and teach, and eel that it is fo r u s to remain at home to pray and work .

— WO LXIOMS 6 . T — i n es o dev elo m en t two s wh s 1 . L f p There are axiom ich mu t s w as s m a find due consideration in uch a ork our , and it y be $ 7 2 J' o ur p urpose ano Insetb oo

’ A m a n s voca tio n s on ib useful to indicate them n o w. i ly p oss le of develop m en t witki n tite li m its of tb c cka r a cter a n d disposi tio n given i en d As B [rim b od o r tb s . s s y G , f Father en on once aid You f s Of cannot manu acture Religiou by Act Parliament . God s s a fo r w s prepare and call a cert in man a certain ork, and thi man his o wn w wa s must do ork, in the y that he believe God means f f s f s him . I s f to do it , through a al e humility, he orce him el to do s s s o f his f -w f ws omething el e, and by the exerci e ree ill ollo the o f w - ws f s st his o wn advice even ell intentioned and i e riend , again so s to w i j u dgement, and become untrue the inner voice hich s

u him w f . g iding , he ill ail w f s two o f his v s s w if his He ill ail, becau e no ad i er ill agree, n w ideal should happen to be an unusu al o e . He ill be drawn s wa o f s s thi y and that by multiplicity coun ellor , and the original s r o f his w so s d it de i e heart ill become di torted and altere , that will cease to be the inspiration it once wa s and become a mere

s v o f f s . o f s s empty hell, de oid li e and intere t I am cour e peaking o f ss s in w f here, not the numberle matter hich riendly advice may s f w o f o f be rightly ought, and ollo ed, but the one animating idea ’ a s f w s s a s his o wn — v man li e, hich he mu t cheri h very God gi en — an d fo r which he alone is responsible . Fo r s o u r s wa s u s o f in tance, in ca e it the q e tion the Foundation o f a purely Contemplative Commu nity m the present day. The “ u s fo r v s s s a s Ye s t req e t ad ice in tantly produced uch remark , tha is w b u t s s f s s to w all very ell, you mu t ju ti y your elve the orld ; ” “ w m s f s v active ork u t be a concomitant o your cheme . You ha e no right to shut yourselves away from the world ; the d a y fo r ” is i s f s s n o w. Yo u s uch a li e pa t, action needed mu t be able ” s w s s if o u s to ho certain tangible re ult y hope to ucceed . ’ is o f u s ss b u t s Prayer co r e e ential, people don t under tand that ” s o f r to the exclu ion othe things . ‘ Ye s is w s w but the point not hat people under tand, or ant w w s . s s s w but, hat God ill The e and many imilar remark , ere f s s s f o in t ‘ o f w o f per ectly en ible, and hone t, rom the p vie those who a : a s s m de them the only objection being, th t the advi er m f t/zei r s a f s r looked at the atter rom t ndpoint, not rom our , o f ’ f s . u s s rom God God had called to thi li e, He had not called m so we w to f ww we f the , and ere obliged ollo here elt convinced wa God s calling u s . 2 Au t r — . Bu t hw w ko ity. o were e to prove o u r vocation to be a tru e one ? ho w were we to knowthat self-will wa s not largely responsible fo r our desire ? Only in one wa y ; and this brings m e s : T/za t t/ze I/Vill o God is skown i n a to my econd axiom f , dou bt u l m a tter b u bm i tti n to tb c decis o u u f s i n m l A t/zo . f , y g of gs r i a The Notes on the History o f o u r Community have related ho w p ut p urpose aub m etb oo this was done ; ho w the whole scheme was la id before the A is o f r ho w f i rchb hop Cante bury ; and , a ter much enqu ry and t his Gra o e ss s se t t e delibera ion, gave the nece ary anction, and h s a o f hi s e l approbation to what he believed to be a true vo ca tion . i u s f is a r ex cellence S Of fe The Rel gio Li e p an ordered tate Li , an d it cannot exis t apart fr om the Authority which o u r Lord left w Bis w s tu o f ith the hops o f His Church . The hole con ti tion the s St s hs w t Religiou ate depend upon t i Authority, and ithou it the ' e flo rt becomes merely the pious attempt o f an individual to live f ws t s a holy li e, and any Vo tha may be taken are imply private ws n t ff t so far as u f is Vo , u au horized and ine ec ive the Reg lar Li e wh V w f s concerne d . A secular o takes a o o this sort doe not a his s a s s w who s s ch nge t te but remain a ecular, hile he a k and receives the Authority o f the Church to make his V o w under an s l f b n s a c s e approved Religiou Ru e, rom ei g a ecul r be ome a tru i s . hs a Rel giou T i is fu ndam ent l . Thu s we have tr ied to realize from our inception that the Religious Life can on ly exis t in the Church by the direct Au tho rit o f E wa o f t i s t s ls y the piscopate. The nt h Authori y pel f l m o f v tak its a . ai ure, and no a ount pri ate judgement can e pl ce The legislation o f the Chur ch from the earliest ages has ma de it ss a t t re ws o f ast e enti l ha the th e Vo Poverty, Ch ity, and Obedience, w s t t c al i s f ss s u hich con i ute a te hnic Rel giou Pro e ion , ho ld be a t ds o f B s o f b him m de in o the han the i hop, or one appointed y to receive them and al so that no Religious Communi ty can be t f w l righ ly ounded ithout simi ar Authority. fi s S l f ss un d B di i was Our r t o emn Pro e ion er the ene ct ne Rule, made by spe cial Authoriza ti on o f the Ar chb ishop o f Canterbury 1 8 8 who s u s ha rt e r in wh s in 9 , al o gave our C ich provide u s with a definite Status a s a Religious Com munity.

— 7 . l NEED OF THE CHURCH

s a o s u n s Year g , in a ermon by Father Mat ri , I heard ome w f ords which have be en an inspiration ever since. Speaking o

s s . t ur s o rs ideal he aid Paint your pic e in trong c lou , keep it e f s i if s ever b ore you, and trive to l ve up to it ; you do thi con sc ie n tio u sl w s f y, you ill not find your el very much out in the ” end . An d wha t was my picture ? The Church o f England Catholic inConstitu tion— in Tradition— the Mother o f the English people— indigenous to the soil on whi ch had lived a n d die d so m any holy Monk s and Nuns— with her Orders —her Sacram ents — — her Ju risdiction— her Cathedrals intact with activities so s w l : w s a s numerou and e l arranged and yet, ithout one ingle Mon te r o f B d t ul a o f w so y the ene ic ine R e rem ining, hich many

J' 7 4 J'v

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-S S F A O 9. IGN O VOC TI N An applicant m ust hav e certain qualifications which will com mend him to the Community ; he must have a blameless s fo r w s f f his pa t, hich he can provide u ficient re erence ; health must be good : and in most cases he must be under the age , - i s m o f tw fiv e . s s an s enty It de irable, al o, that a hould come f w w is his o wn v i rom ork at hich he earning li ing, and it s essential that he shou ld b e free from all other obligations to l his family and to his secu ar life. So muchfo r this aspect o f his vocation . S s f is f piritually, he mu t eel that God really calling him to a li e o f s w s f w s o f clo er union ith Him el , and that, ith a great de ire s f- his t w s s f el dedication in hear , he ill per evere in pite o obstacles . S s a s o f B The Four eal , they are called, a enedictine Vocation, are laid down in the Holy Rule a s follows : and it is by these s u o f n w- signs that the senior are bidden to j dge e comers . The B s 1 s 2 m s s w enedictine Novice mu t ( ) truly eek God, ( ) u t ho s f f t W o f fo r e him el erven in the ork God, (3) eager Ob dience,

(4) and Humiliation . A little thought will show that these Four Seals practically ’ f s h cov er the whole ground o a man spiritual life . He w o truly seeks God and is fervent in the work o f the Div ine Praise will wh i s s s s. o s t be cha te, hone t, and con cientiou He obedien and

w s s f . E n humble ill be contented, un elfi h, and cheer ul xperie ce ha s s w u s t if s Of s f u s ho n , hat a man lack any the e our q alitie , or s n o t s a w v doe at lea t recognize their import nce, he ill ne er make s f m a s wt a Religiou ; and, in act, the longer he re in i h the Com f t ss f w m e munity, the more di ficul and impo ible the Li e ill beco fo r him . m n ffi s fo r ws s w ho w I am not i imizing the di cultie , I i h to ho entirely wrong are those who think that any o n e will succeed who f s is fo r may care to offer himsel . Indeed a Mona tery no place a s s s fo r who f w l s sentiment l enthu ia t , men have ailed in other a k o f f who w r s s li e, and ould ente a Religiou Hou e to be patched up, or fo r those who thin k that the Community can provide a per m anent an d fairly comfortable home fo r any who shirk work and wish to end their days in peace .

—THE CHO CE OF MEN 1 0. I

its s w w its a n s A young Community in fir t gro th, ith tr ditio

f its o f . unformed, cannot be too care ul in choice men Later s n o f s sf s u a s s on, the exclu io un ati actory Po t l nt become more s who fo r a s or less automatic, and tho e come tri l are more ea ily sifted o u t and with less harm to those who remain : but at the n f s o f s s s is begi ning, be ore the nucleu re pon ible Religiou properly o ur p u rpose auo {netb oo

f m s s . ss o f s is f w o r ed , the promi cuou admi ion applicant raught ith E n s ws very great danger. xperie ce ho that only a proportion s who s o f Postulants persevere . Tho e men try their vocation and leav e shou ld be able to do so without the slightest blame i m s to s s who a ttaching to them . It s a great i take uppo e that all f * offer themselves must necessarily go o n to Pro ession . f s l s o f s is Quite apart rom the piritua a pect a revival like thi , it necessary to insist that there is a definitely practical side which b e w if w is to s must dealt ith the ork develop on right line , and l s o f increase in stability and permanent usefu ness . The pioneer w s who s to se t fo r a f the ork, tho e fir t begin and are the tone uture

u s o f s . Comm nity, mu t be the be t Mo ntalembert says : One o f the most singular o f the errors which ma ny o f the apologists o f the Monastic Life have fallen into has been to regard it a s a refuge fo r sorrowfu l souls fa tigued a n d s w w u di contented ith their lot in the orld, nable to hold the f w s ha s s s dis place rom hich ociety bani hed them, con umed by If a o r . e . . ppointment, broken by melancholy g , there are ’ i fu s fo r o f s s . ! re ge health the body, ay M de Chateaubr and, ah t s s ls fo r o f s permi Religiou to have uch a o the health the oul, w is s l s s ss in firm itie s w hich til more ubject to ickne , and the hich so m sa d so s a d ff to are uch more , much more tediou n di icult ’ i is ! s . cure The idea poetical and touching, but it not true Monasteries were never inten ded to collect the invalids o f the I wa s s n w r . t s s o o ld not the ick oul , but, the contrary, the m ost vigorous a n d healthfu l which the human race ha s ever who s v s w s s to . produced, pre ented them el e in cro d fill them s f far f f o f f was The Religiou Li e, rom being the re uge the eeble, , ” “ o f he st s u s on the contrary, the arena t rong . To pre ent with the general theory o f the Religiou s Life a s an asylum fo r f ss s ss a s a o f f fo r eeblene and adne , place re uge that melancholy which wa s distinctly proscribed and banished from the Life o f the s a s o f a cedi a is o f Cloi ter a vice, under the name , to g in the ace ” both o f fact and reason . I s c harac te ri snc o f s c o m m n hort, the great tho e g to the s f s u s s a s s w Religiou Li e ho ld be Chri tian trength, contra ted ith s of an m — o f and the trength ani al health mind body, cheer f a a w - s f- m ss n d . ulne and courage, hole hearted el abandon ent

— 1 1 . THE OBLIGATION OF THE YOWS There is a good deal o f feeling in the popular mind against

Ma rc w we n t t Pa in tho i 1 h 1 06 . Sin ce e o s r e 0 2 withn in e Bro the r , 9 p n 9 s, we a ha d tw nt - m n lu din f ths t hve e y eight e n (i c g the se n ine ) . Ou t o e e e n have o n e fo r a rio u s r o le a in e i hte e n th b f h m m u n i eas n s as e n u m e r o t e Co t . g v , v g g y

3 7 7 ; ®ur p urpose ano { Betb oo the obliga tions o f the Religious Life which are c ommon ly kn own Vows W t w i a s the . i h regard to Vo s in general t is well to point out that this giving o f a solemn pledge is com mon t o m any othe r s a s o f f in f t it w f a ho w s t te li e, and ac ould be di ficult to im gine thi l b w f l B f t s cou d e avoided . The Vo s o Ho y a ptism ace all Chris ian on the threshold o f li fe they are solemnly renewed and ratified in the gift o f the Holy Spiri t at Con firma tion ; Vows fo r life are m ade b y all P riests a t their Ordination ; and Holy Matri mon y w i n i s ts w t . ce ould lo e permanent character ithout hem The appre t , a l l an d s su b t t ts the rtic ed c erk, the oldier, are all jec to con rac w f l st in o f w t w made ith u l under and g ha is required, and hich a n w c not be broken ithout legal penalties . s s s we w f e V o w i s From the e in tance may dra the in erenc , that a a solem n prom ise to pe rform certain actions in a prescribed a i s s ho w who m nner ; and it hard to under tand people, can i i s s all s s o f a t n ts read ly b nd them elve to ort e r hly e gagemen , s b V o w o f l w s hould o ject to the Holy Re igion , hich dedicate s s wa fo r s w is the oul to God in a pecial y, and a purpo e hich st is ss l the highe that po ib e . From those who are thus chosen Almighty God requ ires not t i o f w only a Spiri ual renunciat on the orld, but a real and complete forsaking o f all things fo r Himself : and to thi s end the Vows o f the Religious Life are made to free him who binds s f f s o f w e u his him el rom the trammel the orld, and to p rpet ate i s to Go d w renunc ation by a deliberate promi e made , hich ws o f impo ses grav e Ob ligations upon him . The Vo Religion f o f s i s w s w i t orm an act upreme rel giou or hip, by h ch the crea ure sa crifices itself without reserve to the Creator.

— THE RECEPT ON OF POSTULANTS 12. I

s t P st who s s is Under our Con ti ution, a o ulant (one a k ) , is we accepted b y the Community to try his vocation . He allo d e a t o f the le t his sh to k ep a greater p r Ru , and to ake are in the l s s : s s w a s hi s regu ar exerci e he make no promi e, e r ordinary s re ss t t s t his ecular d , and the Communi y under ake no hing on l s f fe w w s beha f. This prelimin ary probation may la t rom a eek s an d s m P s u an to Six month , at any moment during thi ti e the o t l t wn b e s ss a s s o f his o . may di mi ed un uitable, or leave accord

fi — NOYICILTE

stu i The next step is that Of the No v icia te . The Po lant hav ng f a tl s sf is u t to t o f been ound app ren y ati actory, he p the vo e all the Professed memb ers o f the Commu nity in a secret ballot ; a majority in his favour admits hi m to a further trial in the o v 1 1a v Of d ss is se b e N c te A special Ser ice A mi ion u d, and $ 7 8 ;

® ur p urpose auo {p etb oo

For Solemn P rofession o u r Constitution requires that ho w a w m s his S m Vo w ever old a candid te may be hen he ake i ple , he ca nnot on tha t account b e admitted any earlier to Solemn P f ss s fo r s w ro e ion, but mu t remain at lea t three hole years u nder ws f S l f s i Simple Vo be ore he can be o emnly Pro es ed . It s also necessa ry that he should hav e completed his twenty-fifthyear o f a ge . A candida te fo r Solemn Profession mu st obtain at least three f t s o f s o f s S l ws a s s tw our h the vote tho e in o emn Vo , again t the o f r l s o S f ss . third required imp e Pro e ion Moreover, although a Religious can by dismissal be dispensed from hi s Simple V o w o f the S S Vo w is by the Head ociety, the olemn indis s b s is o f ss o f s St pen a le, becau e it the e ence the Religiou ate, and by Divine institution belongs to it . Should a Religious under Solemn Vows be expelled from o r his t w o to w w leave Communi y, he ould g back the orld ith the o f his ws s the s f h burden Vo till upon him, and all action o is f w f n s o f his V o w w li e ould be continual in ractio , hich, like that i o f s . B v f Holy Order and Matrimony, indelible y irtue o s f ss s s Religiou Pro e ion the Community till retain , under all con ditio n s w its s . s , a dominative po er over ubject The mo t that Ecclesiastical Authority can do is to commute the Vo w o f l f ss s n s a Solemn y Pro e ed Religiou , and eve thi theologians dispute . The sentence o f expulsion is only pronounced against the in “ ” corrigible : the Sword o f Separation being used a s a last resource to safeguard the life o f the Community. t a s s s B Bu incorrigibility clo ed the door again t the erring rother, so if v o f his o f its , con inced penitence, the Community may, grace, B s l a s S. s s permit him to return, enedict expre y provide in the Holy f B who his o wn f d 2 . I Rule 0 . 9 any rother, through ault eparteth is s o u t o f a s w st or ca t the Mon tery, be illing to return , let him fir undertake to amend entirely the fault fo r which he went away ; a w s s and then let him be received b ck into the lo e t place, that thu

t . S a a t his humili y may be tried hould he g in depar , let him be taken back until the third time knowing that after this all return ” will be denied him . s ws to n u s in No w the e Vo , be valid and bindi g, m t be made a Religious Order which has been approved by Ecclesiastical

s s o f st . Authority, and ubject to the requirement the Con itution f ss ws o f At Solemn Pro e ion, over and above the three Vo s w Pov erty, Cha tity, and Obedience, hich are already made, his i s o f S. B s the Relig ou , according to the Rule enedict, make

fina l V o w o f Sta bility and Conversion o f Manners. f By the Vo w o f Sta bility Benedictines are bound nev er o

JG SO J‘ o ur p urpose ano {netb oo

their o wn will and without permission o f their Superiors to a s o f P f abandon their Order or the Mon tery their ro ession . “ B t sa s o f a . we S enedic y , in the Prologue the Holy Rule, th t a f s o f are never to dep rt rom the chool Obedience, but to ” persevere in the Monastery ev en unto death . Con ver sion of M a n n er s means that the Religious so lem nly pledges himself to labour constantly a t the work o f his per i n w is n w a fe c t o ( hich unio ith God in ch rity), and that he will endeavour during the whole course o f his natural life to pu t ff w his w s i s f w o the old man ith ork , and clothe h m el ith the

n e wman in Christ Jesus . a t st s I h ve though it be to give a good many technical detail , because the Religious Vows are little understood outside s a s w s ww a Community, and al o bec u e I i h to Sho hat great ca re is taken before a m a n is finally accepted fo r the service o f God

f B . under the Rule o S. enedict It will be gathered that each candidate ha s to serve at least fo s in a s s o r v ur year complete, and m ny ca e eight e en ten years, before all the conditions have been fulfilled that would allow l f s s f him to bind himse f fo r li e . Contra t thi care ul sifting o f the Cloister with the heedless wa y in which people rush in to pro f ss s if - s in w a n d w e ion , and l e long engagement the orld, it ill be s ho w w s s s o f s L f een i e the legi lator the Mona tic i e have been . s s m e v n Fatal mi take are reduced to a mini um, and erythi g is done w f ” to try the spirits hether they be o God. o u r p urp ose ano { p etb oo

‘lRu te

B K E so n o f s AR N, O my , to the teaching thy Ma ter,

“ and incline the ear o f thine heart joyfully to receiv e a n d faithfully to fulfil the counsel o f thy loving Father : that thou m ayest return to Him by the labo ur o f f w i s sl o f diso b e obedience, rom hom thou d d t depart by the oth die n c f w e . w s n o w s To thee, there ore, my ord are directed, ho o a rt h o wn w s s lf ever thou that, renouncing t ine ill, do t gird thy e with the strong a n d glorious armour o f obe dience to fight fo r ” st t K the Lord Chri , our rue ing . W w B s v s . ith the e bra e and loving ord our holy Father, S enedict, i h s is . a e a n d beg n Rule Ripened by g and experience, illuminated ha w is f o f s a by t t charity hich the gi t the Holy Gho t, he g ve to the w t ss s orld at Mon e Ca ino , early in the ixth century, that code w fo r 1 0 0 e s ha s o f ss hich, , 3 y ar , been the heavenly guide countle “ ” s l l w t o f s . s s ou Fil ed i h the pirit all the ju t, none realized better than he the needs o f the huma n heart fo r his o wn time and fo r ’ W w B s s . s ss S. all age ith imple and inning directne , enedict w ords appeal to the inmost convict ions o f mankind . The Holy s s - s o f s ls : is f Rule open up the trea ure hou e the Go pe it , in act, a n o f s l s a s epitome Go pe principle, arranged in uch a manner to afford the means not only o f living in obedience to the Com m a n d m e n ts s o f s s o f o u r , but al o embracing the Coun el Lord by those who feel the call to accept them . ' B i P r o f s s a s S. s enedict called the atria ch Mona tici m bec u e, s r f his his s v s ho tly a ter death, Rule became almo t uni er ally a t W st s who w s dop ed in the e , by tho e i hed to lead a retired and truly Evangelical Life . Until that time each Community o f o u s a n d s v ha d b la w Religi , almo t e ery individual, een a unto - B s S. s themselves fo r the so called Rules o f S. a il and Pachomiu w m l e s o f s v f s m ere ere y coll ction maxim , ague and con u ed , i ported t s s s b s into I aly from the Ea t . The e Rule , marked y a trong v a s w the c o f the l s a s indi idu li m, ere out ome a mo t b rbaric au terity b n f o f S a E s f a s t or o the de serts yri and gypt, and, u e ul hey ’ l w s ha d S. B t s undoubted y ere in earlier time , they , in enedic cla e f a s a n d v sa . y, degenerat d into mere orm li m uni er l laxity The Holy Father ha d himse lf suffered from the u ndisciplin ed s f who a the f e o f his t ha d tate o those , attr cted by am vir ue, hi v s w s e le cted m to rule o er them, not becau e they i hed to f o wn f e wn o f so re orm their li e, but in order to Share the r no w o f e n e w a . s ve ne r te d a man The i e, firm rule th ir Abbot did ' s s se not at a ll suit thos e who had them elve cho n him ; and, wa s f e l f ss b S. B finding i e impo i le among them, enedict orc d to v e m a k w t fe w a s who ll lea e th , t ing i h him the comp nion rea y

®ur p urpose auo {b etb oo

. f s o f Chap xix en orce reverence, on account the Presence o f o f God and the Holy Angels .

. . m is v Chap xx Prayer in com on to be Short, that in pri ate to l l a o f r be pro onged on y by the inspir tion Divine g ace . f Chap . xxi . requires the appointment o a Dean over ev ery te n brethren .

a . 11 . s s m Ch p xx regulate all matter relating to the Dor itory .

. s Chap xxiii . condemn the disobedient to punishment . — l s. v . . s f Chap xxi xxx a o relate to matters o discipline . f s. . . s fo r s s Chap xxxi and xxxii appoint o ficer pecial dutie , and t f order great care to be aken o the goods o f the Mona stery .

. f s Chap xxxiii . orbid any Monk to possess anything a s his

o wn .

Chap . xxxiv. orders the ju st di stribution o f ev erything belong n i g to the Monastery. — f f h Chaps. xxxv . xxxvii . make arrangements o r the service o t e

o f s . kitchen, the care the ick , the old and the young s u s s Chap . xxxviii . order reading d ring meal , great ilence in the f f a n d u se o s . Re ectory, the Sign — l f f s . . . t a o Chap xxxix xli regula e the quantity and qu ity ood, f l and the times o the mea s . s s s f o f Chap . xlii . trictly enjoin absolute ilence rom the time

Compline till the following morning . - f s t s . v . ff s s. s Chap xliii xl i relate to ault and o ence , and the a i f r faction to be made o them . lv a s a A s Chap . x ii . ord in th t the bbot mu t lead and arrange the

Work o f God in Choir. a s s n o f n Chap . xlviii . emph ize the importa ce ma ual labour, and orders at least five hours daily to be given to it . f o f o s . Chap . xlix . the ob ervance Lent fo r s who w l. . . s s . Chap , li and lxvii make rule Monk are orking in the fields o r travelling. a s a n s s s Chap . lii . comm nd th t the Mo a tery Church hall be u ed f r f l f s s o the purposes o devotion on y, and en orce ilence there out o f reverence to God .

s s a s w s s . Chap . liii . order ho pit lity to be ho n to Gue t t s s s liv . f s v Chap . orbid any Monk to recei e let er or pre ent withou t permission o f the Abbot .

f s s s o f . I . Chap . V o the clothe and hoe the brethren ’

. o f t s a . Chap. lvi the Abbo t ble f t to s w f s Of the 11 . o Chap . lv the humili y be ho n by the cra t men

Monastery. w st i l . v s st e Cha p . viii No ice mu be treat d ith rigour, to te the r ’ a a s at l a vocation, to h ve a ye r prob ion, and to hear the Ru e re d frequently .

o‘ 84 at ®ur p u rpose ano {netb oo

ws s o f s Chap . lix. allo the admis ion boy to the Monastery under i s certain cond tion . x 1x11 i 1 . . s Chaps . and the Abbot to choose those who are worthy to be ordained Priests : they are to se t an exa mple o f s a o ffic ia te w humility and good ob erv nce, and are not to ithout

leave o f the Abbot . f . s m t s t Chap . lxi Religiou rom other Com uni ie may be admi ted fo r (with letters o f recommendation) to stay a time .

Chap . lxiii . precedence in the Community determined by the f f s f f o f b a o s . d te Pro e ion , merit o li e, or the appointment the A bot

v . fo r f s ff o f Chap . lxi the Abbot to be elected li e by the u rages f his s o n o s . the Monk , account charity, zeal and di cretion

v . ffi s Cha ps. lxv. and lx i the Abbot to appoint all o cial and

t s w his s t . arrange heir dutie , nothing to be done ithout anc ion s f w a i Chap . lxviii . a Monk mu t cheer ully attempt to do h t s

w f s . ordered, ho ever di ficult it may eem n is t o f Chap . lxix . that o Monk to take the par another in evil

doing. hi f s s s . Chap . lxx . orbid any Monk to trike brother s Chap . lxxi . encourage the brethren to be obedient one to f s o f f another a ter the command the Abbot have been ulfilled, and especially enjoins the younger to obey their elders with all

charity and diligence . f o f f ar . o Chap . lxxii the excellence raternal ch ity, the love the s fo r o f o f st brethren hould have their Abbot, and the love Chri

above all things. i w s . s u s o n e m a s Chap . lxxiii declare that the R le but e n to ard ss o f ss S is godline , a beginning holine , and that Holy cripture a f the unerring gu ide o f hum n li e . “ W f s to hoever, there ore, thou art that ha teneth thy heavenly f o f s s w we country, ulfil, by the help Chri t, thi little Rule hich have w fo r s u s v ritten beginner and then at length tho halt arri e, under o f a t hs f s s o f the protection God, t o e lo ty ummit doctrine and ” virtu e o f which we have spoken abov e .

With su ch almost inspired words our Holy Father finishes his s s who s s s s direction to tho e , tranger in a trange land, are triving i to reach their true hom e u nder hs guidance . Nothing marks the sublimity o f the Rule more perfectly than its s s l ss. n o ss s s ab olute rea onab ene Here are exce e , no avage s s s s s s au teritie , but rather erene edict ba ed on ound common s s w s o f en e, and ith a due regard to the potentialitie human

. s nature The Rule o f S. Benedict might almo t be called the ‘ In first promulgation o f the funda mental la w o f Christianity. the words o f o u r Blessed Lord may be found the enunciation ®u r p urpos e ano (p etb oo

B o f the u nderlying spirit : the Rule o f S. enedict is the voicing ” o f this spirit in detailed and definite form .

GOYERNING PRINCIPLES Even a passing glance at the above summary o f the different enactments o f the Rule will rev eal the two great principles which f a re the fundamental b ases o the work o f S. Benedict . These a re Labour and Ob edience— the two obligations incumbent upon a ll who w s s f l w l men ould erve God in thi al en or d . i o f two s— S l This Labour s kind piritua and Temporal . f B i The Spiritua l Labour o S. enedict s first in importance ”

W . f o f i . e o the ork God, , the regular recitation the Divine ffi as a c t o f w s ss P O ce, an or hip, Interce ory and Private rayer, and l f f w “ w a l the actions o the Contemplative Li e . This ork to hich ” B nothing is to be preferred is the great obligation o f the enedictine . is a t his his i his s It once duty, pr vilege, and joy the main pring l l which gives vigorous action to his who e life . As there cou d be su n w l w a so t no ithout ight and no fire ithout he t, here can be no Monastery o f the Benedictine Rule where the Work o f P rayer s does n o t hold the first plac e in the daily routine . The mechani m o f the Rule is so to arrange the domestic life o f the Monastery f w ss f o f s w that nothing may inter ere ith, or le en the orce thi ork

to which the Brethren are primarily called .

THE DIYINE OFF CE I . Thus it is that the recita tion o f the Divine Office by night and d a f o f B is . A w y, the chie obligation the enedictine Monk s e have already seen the Holy Rule ha s m any chapters and s s w w t its t s t pre cription hich deal i h li urgical compo i ion, the s o f its f w it is time per ormance , and the importance hich to hold f in the daily li e o f the Religious. The Divine Ofli c e is the treasure house whence the soul is to w the s o f its f w is s dra nouri hment li e ; ork to be laid a ide , the m ar t fo r s w o f ind prep ed and the hear purified thi ork God, to w hich nothing is to be preferred . The Offices at Ca ld e y are t a re s s w neither aggregated nor an icipated, but aid at time hich f o f a s ulfil the intention the C nonical Hour , and, according to s w t s s the Rule, are ung i h the greate t olemnity and reverence ss po ible . ft E s s f w is so s su n A er the Holy uchari t it el , hich , to peak , the f o ast d a is w o f a . the mon ic y, there no ork greater import nce f is s o f w The Divine O fice the ong Holy Church, by hich the

Ma : t B i t n R A ra m TIn Ru i n ed A o Gr ea r a i . . . C , y f J 8 6 J

®ur p urp ose we {p etboo

As this work o f P rayer is o f such grea t importa nce an d s so o f is a l we occupie much our time, it n tural y here that look fo r the chief signs o f Vocation in those who wish to make their P f ro ession . Our Brethren must show a real and perseverin g attraction to o f the ffi an tu fo r s the recitation Divine O ce, and apti de tudying i f b a t s o f its s s the man old e u ie con truction , they mu t be ready to sacrifice time and comfort by day and night t o their duties 1n s s s st so e d Choir ; and, be ide thi , rive to live pur and mortifie a “ ” life that they may become inde ed insta nt in prayer : and s ls b u t b f o f v i thi not by impu e or caprice, y the orce the con ict on has l s s w h that God cal ed them to thi pecial ork, t at they may “ even in this present life in some measure share the laus ' perennis o f the An gelic Cho

“ m om war m

a w o f s is o f u s l The tempor l ork the Mona tery , co r e , principal y o f is o f fo r the suppo rt the Community. It any and every kind adapted to the needs o f the place and the qualifications o f the r i s f W f w s . s o orker Thi manual labou , a ter the ork God, the s t s l s fo r o f mo t importan , phy ica ly and piritually, the good the E fo r its o wn sa is ss as Brethr en . ven ke it nece ary an Ac t o f u ni t B n . u t Pe ance, and to keep the Comm y in health , apa rt f s is the lo t o f w fo r t a l a rom thi , it poor men to ork heir d i y bre d, if s who w w t an d f and tho e live in the orld, an ing money ood, w ho w is fo r s wh have to ork , much more important it tho e o hav e chosen to live in a state o f Volunta ry Poverty to be forced t o f i t n s t w w ulfil their obl ga io A Communi y ith a rich endo ment, r n f B n s t o eve a com ortable balance at the a k, lack the heal hy ' stimulus t o e fio rt such as is ob tained b y being obliged to work i fo r the supply o f its needs. The human body s a machine made f r w fo r w : s f f s s o ork, and hard ork a repo e ree rom trenuou s s fiab b in e ss o f m o f s endea vours mu t cau e ind and mu cle . The past is full o f warnings to those who wou ld follow the Mon astic Life : and some o f the most cogent are directed agains t the w i is l ss e a s wi t ff re s o n leisure h ch rea ly idlene , b c u e thou e ort or p o wn w sib ility the d a ily needs are supplied . All our ork is done B — in wa s s l r b y the rethren bak g, hing, crubbing, tai oring, ca pen n i d s s s who tering, and gardeni g ; each occupat on fin di ciple are f wa ffi t : as s s in a air y to become e cien our number increa e, w s o f s f ss we s l t o u r and po er u e ulne develop, hal hope to ex end o ur f s w fo r o u r i w labours ac cording to gi t , orking da ly bread ith — intere st and thankfulness doing o u r best to deserve that gr eat

ft o f t m a . gi God, a heal hy ind in a he lthy body ®ur p u rpose auo Insetb oo

STUDY

Bu t n o t fo r w s all are fitted manual ork to the ame extent . There is the work o f the b rain a s well a s o f the body : and this s its B work also find proper place under the Holy Rule . ene die tines have been students and men o f letters since the earliest

s . s o f st is l time and thi duty udy not to be neg ected by u s . s a t w a s s w is Already ome are ork, and time goe on and kno ledge a a ff we se e s o f g ined by p tient e ort, may hope to ome our brethren, t s o f a w true to the tradi ion the Order, ready to t ke a place, ho ever

w o f t s. humble, in the orld le ter

OBEDIENCE

s f w o f s is Thi three old ork pirit, body, and mind carried out, n o t a w o f b u t d ccording to the him or choice the individual, un er t w is s tha obedience hich the great Mona tic virtue, and the bond f s f — o ff a s s s the w o the Religiou Li e marking , it doe , tho e in orld h o wn st s f t s l s who w o are their ma er , rom ho e in the c oi ter give “ o wn w fo r o f s Who wa s up their ill the love Chri t, obedient unto ”

o f ss . death, even the death the Cro B s i In the estimation o f S. enedict thi labour o f Obedience s ss s o f fo r w the e ential characteri tic a Monk, ithout it he can never

w is . s s be truly that hich he called A man com e to the Mona tery, f ss s s s o f not to grati y a pa ing de ire, but to make a upreme acrifice f w l s s . him el In the or d he may be poor, he may be cha te ; but s s s s a s a t out ide the Cloi ter he cannot cea e to be, in ome m tter all i wn in s s hs o a s . o f s event , m ter Montalembert, peaking thi point o f s s s s m s the Holy Rule, ay Thi acrifice i plied pecially that w B s ff t f w o f . o s f s the ill y a upreme e or that ill, till ree and ma ter o f s f f its w fo r s o f s it el , it reely abdicated po er the alvation the ick ‘ s s s s s f its s s oul, in order that thi oul, rai ing it el above de ire and f ’ a ss s s s s f . p ion , might e tabli h it el ully upon God In giving up v u se o f his o wn w e en the legitimate ill, the Monk , obeying s w S a s s who wa s a uperior hom he had pont neou ly cho en, and to s v o f s f f ss f him the repre entati e God Him el , ound an a ured de ence n f- agai st covetousness and sel love . He entered like a victor into Bu s fi o f o f . t t s the liberty the children God hi acri ce, to be ffi a s s s e c ciou , had to be complete . Thu the Rule pur u ed Pride its o - f s s . S ss into m t ecret hiding place ubmi ion had to be cheer ul, f ! m s . pro pt, per ect, and ab olute No w in ff s n f s s t w , temporal a air an Obedie ce o thi or ould cer ta in l ln f o f y become galling the extreme, rom the very nature the nt of f s s o f s appointme the o ficial , and becau e the manner and s s f w so f cu tom o the orld . Not the Religious Obedience o the

l s . is s n o t o f s s l C oi ter For here it the re ult, lavi h comp iance, but ®u r p urp ose auo {p etboo

o f a b s l f s a s f a determin tion a olute y ree, and al o bec u e o the source o f t t o f w is the au hori y him to hom the obedience paid .

THE Bananlorm a ABBOT

The chapter o f the Holy Rule which describes the character istic s t s o f is o f s e f l and du ie an Abbot one the mo t b auti u , and l f r w is ful o the t uest isdom . The Abbot is placed at the head o f the Monastic fa mily to represent our Lord to his Brethren - hence the name Ab ba Father. His authority is no tyrannical

ss a s . B t oppre ion , but a loving and p ternal admini tration S. enedic wis s u his s f f o f he him to nite in per on the three old o fice Father, to his B t s u l love re hren ; Teacher, to in truct them Governor, to r e

a n d guide them . A b is to o f The b ot, then, hold the place Christ in the s e m s r is L w Mona t ry, and u t o der nothing that contrary to the a o f i l hi . s s s s ffi s God He e ected to re pon ible o ce, ubject to the r s o f s f requi ement the Holy Rule and the Con titution, by the ree o f a ll B E is votes the rethren . The lection confirmed by the B s who s l B ss s s s n e w A b v n i hop, o emnly le e and In tall the b ot, gi i g a u his se w is s w him that uthority to r le Hou , hich to cea e only ith is his l f . s S i e Thi authority fixed by Rule and tatute, and the necessity o f consulting an elect numb er o f seniors (known a s the ’ A b s w o f f ss a ll b ot Council) , or the hole body Pro e ed upon w a s is a . s s s i important m tter , l id do n In certain pecified ca e he s l to b b s o f t o f his B ob iged a ide y the deci ion the majori y rethren , i w s w s a n d he s arned to do all thing ith coun el . * w v s f l wn e s A modern riter gi e the o lo i g exc llent de cription , a f ss s o f the o f w t a o f t ken rom many pa age Holy Rule, ha m nner It wl s man the Benedictine Abbot ought to b e . i l be les inv idious w s f t w fo r me to u se the ord o ano her rather than my o n . f o f o f w i l s The o fice Father the Community, over h ch he ru e , s m s u S s a s v entail any dutie pon the Abbot or uperior, uch pro iding fo r a fo r u s a s a o f their mainten nce and their ed cation, ju t the he d a fa mily does with respect to the household which is dependent f a a w is b l e on him . O the materi l mainten nce hich he o ig d to s a o f provide fo r them we need sa y nothing . In pe king their l e we w l s v s t o f inte l ctual education , il confine our el e to tha portion it which perta ins to their advanceme nt in the science o f the S At s is w t a ll st ss aints . thi he obliged to labour i h the earne ne s L s s o f which he is ca pa ble . In thi matter our Divine ord mu t erve a s m the S who s His la an d a odel to uperior, occupie p ce ; the

he Tea r/t i n o S Ben edi ct sli htl V v l T . e r Re . F. . D o e y C y , g f ( g y n c o d e n se d ) .

®ur p urpose au o {p etb oo mode o f treatment will n o t equally well suit all kinds o f characters . Therefore every Superior m ust endeavour to know thoroughly w l who s his w e l all are entru ted to guiding care ; and, kno ing so s f his them, to adapt him el and government to the character

o f . s is o f s and to the intelligence each To act thu , cour e,

t o f s f l . s m a ma ter con iderable di ficu ty It need uch patience , f- s ss s . much el repre ion, much tudy This intimate knowledge o f his Brethren must be accompanied — w s f W t by another quality the po er to make him el loved . ithou t s w s hi po er he may be able to convince their intelligence , but he w n o t s w ill ucceed in persuading their ills . Let him but make s lf s o f s is his him e ma ter their love, and the key to their heart in s win pos ession . T0 their love he must love them : fo r love s Bu t s s s a w beget love . be ide thi he must have those qu lities hich “ o f s— ss s command the love other goodne , and di cipline, and ' ' knowledge ct of sa en tza m doze m o :

P . l s v . 6 6 cx iii Vu gate) . s s f- st s t s o f w s Thi el ma ery give him tha re erve po er, that trength o f w i ss s s s f t character hich mpre e other , and make them eel tha they are in the presence o f a m aster whose will must be obeyed . Thus there will be in his rule an absence o f all haughtiness o f a ll his and domineering spirit . Although the elder among B wl a s o f rethren, he i l be one the younger, although the leader, l ’ w . s he will be a s one that serveth . He i l obey S Peter f his w injunction, and eed flock ithout lording it over them he ’ w f w B v a n s S. s d ill ollo enedict ad ice, tudy to be loved by them, a a f s his r ther th n to be ea red . Thu by aiming to be a Father to s s w w t ffi ubject , he ill i hout di culty be their Guide and their Ruler w l f w w l s . s al o They, on their ide, ill g adly ollo him they ill yie d a prompt and cheerful obedience to all his mandates they will strive to carry into effect even that which they conceive to be his s de ire . S is a o f w u w uch the portr it the Abbot, ell and tr ly dra n by one who f is o f is himsel a Benedictine . It the picture a Leader, the

o f o f . Ruler a Home, the Father a Family B w is f The Monastery is to S. enedict hat the Home to lay olk - is s f w s is . it a el contained Family, and the hole pirit Homely

s s b w a f l l . The Monk tru t their A bot, hom they h ve ree y e ected s ha wa He love them and s confidence in them, and in no y can B he effectually act except through them . In the enedictine Monastery which ha s grasped the idea o f its Lawgiver there will r fo r f s w u : b u t be O der and Rule, no amily can exi t itho t them B an d the yoke will be sweet and the burden light . readth ®ur p urpos e auo {p etboo

l W f freedom o f spirit wi l characterize every House . ith a oundation o f mutual love and trust such as this there must exist an e la sticity o f relation between the Community and its Head such a s is n o t f f t o be found under a n y other orm o Religious government . The permanent character o f the office o f Abbot is in itself a great factor in the growth o f this family spirit which is so f cha racteristic o f the Benedictine Monastery. The idea o Home is its l f a s ss o f t o f centra eature, and Home me n onene Fa herhood, s u s o f o f wa o f l urro nding , tradition, love , and the y ooking at s s f l s things . Around the Mona tery cling all tho e natural ee ing w f L f and sentiments hich are the m ainstay o the Family i e . Here is w w f he . o r t Monk content to live and die Here he ill d ell ever, * fo r he ha s chosen ir. ’ is s u s o f B s Such a very hort and inadeq ate de cription S. enedict It is s l ss w s o f s i Rule . a piritual c a ic hich admit exhau t ve treat t s w u s s w st o f men , and our reader o ld be urpri ed ere I to give a li even a fe w o f the numberless Com mentators who have written large volumes on the subject . FIYE ESSENTIALS My wish ha s been to give some idea o f its general outline and enactments and I will conclude by mentioning five points which we consider essential to the growth and stability o f a restoration B f o f the enedictine Li e .

1 .

K e The y to the Monastic State . S f o f i s a n d The a eguard D cipline Recollection . Ac t o f fo r the S s o f An Penance in the Tongue .

b o f W f The O ligation The ork o God . s a d ff o f a v The Te t n O ering real De otion to God . o f w fo r The Vigil the Church aiting her Lord . ' Aestzn em e

P in S ff s o f s The articipation the u ering Chri t . Su o f s S The bjugation the Fle h to the pirit . ’ ’ s st s W The Church Prote again t the orld s Luxury. Ma n u a l ”fo r k f The Lot o Fallen Man . o f The Privilege Redeemed Man . S u The ec rity aga inst Idleness . E n closu r e

P s v o f f The re er ation the Inner Li e . B s s The arrier again t Di traction . t o f S t E The Concentra ion piri ual nergies .

’ Ta u n to n s Bla ck Mon ks .

e “ 93 J ®ur p urpose auo (p etb oo

CONCLUSION “ w s f s t P s P s It ill be een rom the e hree aper on Our urpo e, e we a rm a t n e w e t M thod, and Rule that no thing in our acc p e o f f W o f anc the Religious Li e . e have no private Rule our o wn we s l we are not devi ing anything nove , nor are experiment ’ in w f It ha s v e g in the ide field o the Lord s vineyard . e er be n open to all men to seek ho w best they may serve Him in the ways o f s s f s s o f su Di cipline, and to elect rom the tore experience ch Methods and Rule s a s will best secure the P urpose they have se t b f s fo r u s— we o l o f . Bu t e ore them, and promote the g ory God are simply Benedictines living in the Communion o f the English f l e s t a t she is ra l a r o f Church , ul y p r uaded h an integ p t the a t w a ll its l s s s b l s C holic Church , ith privi ege and re pon i i itie , and a re f l t w f l we ul y conten ith our heritage . Thank ul y and heartily a re resolv ed to do our be st to discharge the Commission laid upon u - A a n d if w s su ss o f S. s by the ninety third cce or ugu tine, , God ill, to re ga in fo r our dea r Mother the endowment o f the Cloistered L f l B o f w she ha s i e under the Ru e o f S. enedict hich been e s fo r 0 B l t s f d poiled 35 years . e ieving that Almigh y God Him el w s u s n w t a s we s l s ill , u or hy are, to devote our heart and ive to s we s if we thi end, put our tru t in Him, confident that keep our P s w l ss u s urpo e pure He ill b e our Method, help to keep our s f l s w a we Rule, and trengthen our eeb e endeavour to do h t can to se t f His l orth g ory . I will end with the following exquisite panegyric o f the Holy B s is o f s Rule by ossuet Thi Rule an epitome Chri tianity, a learned and mysteriou s ab ridgment o f all t he doctrines o f the s a ll s s o f s a ll Go pel, the in titution the Holy Father , and the f s l t s s o f . Coun el Per ection Here prudence and imp icity, humili y s l ss f and courage, everity and gent ene , reedom and dependence, ha s a ll its ss ri eminently appear . Here, correction firmne , co s s ll it s its s de cen ion a charm command all vigour, and ubjection a ll its s s its w r s a n d et repo e ilence gravity, and o d their grace y , ‘ ’ w s s s w s al ay , my Father , he call it a beginning, to keep you al ay f ” in holy ear.

DOM AELRED ARLYLE C , t Aébo .

E Dag at Galoep

s s fo r n s s the a hort re t the Com mu ity, until the bell ummon _ P f P B s hi o wn Brethren to rime at six . A ter rime each rother put s l b t s ha s b w ce l in order, and y the time tha thi een done ith the s s a w s s w b s crupulou c re hich mark all mona tic ork, the ell ring fo r s f w again Terce at a quarter to even , ollo ed by the Conventual

Mass a t the high altar o f the Monastery Church . Need we say that the Monastic day centres in the Conventu al ‘

a a u m a ot tet zzt e n . Ma ss ? M n e te f o s zt f esu s m l or (S. Joh xxi In the security o f faith a n d o f clear spiritual vi sion the disciples know that it i s Jesus Who stands among them at the dawning o f Su m o f a ll s o f a ll the day, the their acrifice, the Centre their ' f t D om zn u s est : is w s S o s . or hip, the ource all their rength it in the Christ o f the Eucharist that the circle o f monastic worship centres it is the Mass which gives to the Office its mean in g and value . “ ft ss f s is tt A er Terce and Ma the a t broken by Pi ance, a ' f simple mea l o f bread and coffee . The manual la bour o the ’ is w r Community begins at eight o clock . And there ork fo all s w s e s o in the garden , upon hich the Mona tery kitch n largely s the w l s depend ; among poultry, hich yie d a mode t revenue to i t s — w s l s the Commun y in the ve tment room, here ki l and ta te are w s o f S s s o f vo ed to the ervice the anctuary, and ve tment a more b ea utiful sort than the Community can afford fo r itself are made fo r those who like their vestments to come from a Religious s w n t b s Hou e, and are illing to aid the Commu i y y entru ting it w f l f l f with their orders . Manual ork orms an integra part o i e B t I o f under the enedic ine Rule, and there S plenty it to be done in a small Community which is mainly dependent upon its o wn

i s . B t n resources fo r its livelihood . Nor study neglec ted enedic i e s s w s ta fo r s s a d Ca lde hou e have al ay had a repu tion cholar hip, n y Abbey may in the future assist in maintaining the Benedictine i s s o f l tradition . Upon every occupat on the ummon the be l s ‘ B s w w i break in , to remind the rethren that their fir t ork, to h ch B wa s f is S. enedict ordained that nothing to be pre erred, the w t s w s v o f . direct er ice God in Choir At t enty minu e to t elve, i f o f S s . then , the O fice ext recited f ws s a s w s f Dinner ollo , and at thi meal, al ay in the Re ectory, s s o f who s ilence reign , broken only by the voice one monk read aloud . It is in summer that the majority o f visitors find themselv es a t s s we v n o w fo r the Gue t Hou e, and are gi ing the order the - l l w t s s . s . e s ummer day The int r time able varie ight y In ummer, f s s is a fo r B s a ter dinner, a hort re t t ken, the rethren have ri en f w t w . s earlier than in inter Then a ter None, at t en y minute to w r s two is . , ork e umed

El Dan at Galoep

s w r It is t s s . e par icipate , and in a peace hich he ha e inde d that f o f P t o f li e eace, according to the inten ion the Holy Father B w w f his — S. t o enedict, and the a ch ord Order peace attained by those who fight under his Rule— peace which fulfils the beautiful i “ f o f S. s s t l o definition Augu tine, in that it the ranqui ity ” Order . s s For the vi itor there are other opportunitie , and other w s . b e occupation In the early morning he ill able to celebrate , ss s a t o f s s or to a i t at the celebr ion , at the altar the tiny Gue t Hou e w ff w ha s s so Oratory, that old to er on the cli , hich erved many s s f s s in r o f purpo e be ore thi , the holie t ; or the Village Chu ch f b d n o w S. s s o s s an David, olde t perhap all uilding on the i land, ’ w s s s ss . holly recovered to God ervice, and re tored to comeline w f s w s s There ill be rank and buoyant intercour e ith other gue t , at one with him in sympathy and interests and aims and from the daily visit o f the Abbot he may gain something o f that which he if f fo r s s . eek Then, he lack occupation , it may be ound him by s ffs the Guest Master. Or he may find in ramble along the cli or s s o f s -w s o n the hore the many little bay , or in the pine ood , or the s - s s w his w w s and dune , that re t hich ork in the orld denie to him o r in quiet hours o f study may strengthen his grasp o f the Faith . if his l wil his s Cald e And experience be norma , he l find day on y s fe w w wn o f d a all too hort and too , and ill regret the da ing the y w w i -sl hich ill find him once again on the land ng ip, bidding farewell to those who have ungru dgingly dev oted themselves to m aking his stay at the Guest Hou se a refreshment and de light .

H . D .

(Baton; a b b ey IButIoiu g f u no

was o f 1 0 6 Fund opened in the autumn 9 . This Fund has two i w objects in v e .

“ 1 . 7 71: u est H ou e G s . A pictur e and so me account o f it wi ll f 1 0 u . s s 1 be o nd on page 4 The Gue t Hou e (No . 9 in the Map) already enables the Commu nity to receive those who wish to s r s r e il f s e s o r . ha e, in ome deg e , the religiou priv eg the Monaste y s who s s u f Here tho e de ire re t, g idance, or com ort, may come f r and find health both o body and soul . 2h a te ou 2 . hi wl G H se. T s i l be built on a level stretch o f ’ - s o f s n t s w land on the north ea t the I la d, abou ten minute alk fr w f -w s o n s . 2 0 om the Priory, to the e t the pi e ood (No in the w i wi . It s Re fr ec to r m Map) ill conta n Cell , th Chapel, y, Co mon

s ss o fi c es fo r s . room , Library, and the nece ary thirty Monk s s it will ui o f Ca ld e m st la Like the Gue t Hou e be b lt y li e one, p in d ass f r r an o s . s r s m ive, to endure centu ie For ome yea to come t w thi s Gate House will suffi ce fo r the Community . Bu hen the u s m c re ase its ts f s a re f i n mber beyond limi , and und orthcom ng, w l b e f r t 1 he a e o s e . 2 t it i l vac t d the Mona ery prop r (No in Map) , w f the building o f hich lies in the dista nt uture . Then the Gate House will be rea dy to serve as a House o f Retrea t fo r Priests fo r w it wl b e d b d Bu t and Laymen, hich i l a mira ly adapte at thi s tim e there c a n be no thought o f the Monastery prope r . All efforts are being concentrated on the se cond o f the two — buildin gs mentioned abov e the Gate House . s w i is r l the For the Gate Hou e, h ch u gent y needed to receive

'

i su m o f n o t ss t 6 0 0 wi b e n ee d ed . Commun ty, the le han , 5 ll S Limestone and sa nd are abunda nt on the I sland . The ketch the b e n o f s m t s two wn s Map at ginni g thi Pa phle , and the e dra i g f r l i o f s w l o the g ound plan and e evat on the Gate Hou e, il give l o f il s o u r rea ders a c ea r idea the bu ding already erected, or to be

s o f the B n u . erected, by mean uildi g F nd The possession o f Ca ld e y is in no wa y an Endowm ent fo r the as an n s f w s e Community, y i come ari ing rom it ill be ab orb d by h has wm t e needs o f the I sland . The Community no endo ent or s is in s o f s who s private mean , and entirely the hand tho e de ire to se e once more in the English Church a Community o f Bene dic tin e s i o wn s n a s Monk , l ving on their I la d, and occupying a Mon te ry b uilt by the gifts o f those who believe in the po wer o f P rayer.

' o f a s Su bser zf tzofl s (which may b e sprea d over a term ye r ) , or “ D on a ti on s to The Ca ld e y Ab bey Buildin g Fund m a y b e pa id Ae lred a r b b o f Ca lde b to the Rev. Dom C lyle, A ot y, Ten y,

W a B . S. ales or to the London and Provinci l ank , Tenby The progr es s o f the Fund is repo rted in P AX each quarter .

J 1 0 0 J

p orartum

p ot erium

- D AY . EE K D AYS . S UN S 1W

0 Mattins and Lauds 2 . Angelus and Prime Terce and Conventual Mass

u P itta n c e Manual Work and Study Sext

1 2 1 2 . 0 1 2 . 0 1 2 . 0 Angelus and Dinner . o None Manu al Work and Study Vespers Su pper f Con erence, Compline, and Angelus

Recreation Hour o n Su ndays at in Summer and Winter W k - W o n s Su . ee day at in mmer, and in inter

On s s is n o Fa t Day , and in Advent and Lent there Recreation, s f and the hour o meals are altered .

Quiet Hour o f Prayer on Su ndays at in Summer and W W - W : o n s S . inter eek day at in ummer, and in inter

Su m 1 m er Ru le begins a t Easter and lasts till November .

W is w 1 E inter Rule bet een November and aster . — p ar (the Quarterlp p aper of tb e fi eneotctine Gom m uuttp

(the Quarterly p aper of tb e fi e ueoicttne Gom m uutt of tb e s1e f p 3 o Galoep, 5 . m ales

P AX a n s inter a li a u s o f s f cont i , , acco nt the Hi tory , Li e , Pur s an d W f u e s n po e , Method , ork o the Comm nity ; Pap r o Spiritual and Doctrinal Subjects ; Articles o f Historical and Antiqu arian interest ; and deals with all m atters con nected w s f it s s E s ith the Religiou Li e , Re toration and xten ion in f E f l s the Church o nglan d . There are requent il u trations and poems . Literary contributions are invited fo r in sertion in its pages if s uitable . P AX is issued four times a year— o u or abou t the Qu arter

Days . All s ubscriptions are reckone d a s beginning with the S e as w eptember Number e ach y ar , and terminating ith the receipt o f the J u ne Number following .

o f s No s . fo r In the event late Subscription , the back the u — s wi l S t . as c rrent year ( ep , Dec , March the ca e may be) l B m w co m be s ent . y this e an s each Subs criber ill receive a i ple te se t fo r the year ; an d Office work will be simpl fie d .

ANN UAL SU BSCRIPTION — s f o n e la fo r . 8d . s Po t ree , ( dol r America) a ingle copy . Publishe d at Calde y.

P AX was fi s s S e 1 0 to v r t publi hed in eptemb r, 9 4, in order gi e such news o f the Community as might be interesti n g to its friends : and also to spread the knowledge o f the Principles o f

(the Guest p ouse

(the (Buest m ouse

“ or riests ano I a m w o f p p eu ho esire to m ake Retreats , or neeb rest

is s ff It ituated on the cli overlooking Carmarthen Bay. o f Ca lde i s o n The climate y both mild and bracing , and pages 44— 7 will be found some information abou t points o f interest in the I sland . s s The Hou e contain a large Common Room , Dining Room , ’ f s s s s . . ourteen bedroom , the Gue t Ma ter cell , etc , etc As u ha s w i the Comm nity no endo ment , but s dependent u its o wn s fo r its n is l to k pon labou r mai tenance , it ob iged a s s s 2 w fo r B Lo d gue t to contribute a eek (4/ a day) oard , g in . g , etc is ff ‘ The Holy Sacrifice o ered daily in the Abbey Church . The Altars at the Guest House Oratory and the Village f r Church are available o Pries ts staying at the Guest House . The Se cu lar Part o f the Mon a s tery Church is always ope n s s fo r fo r ffi whi to Vi itor private devotion , and Divine O ce ch

m . i s recited a s follows : 2 a . Mattins and La n ds ; 6 Prime ; Terce ; 7 Conventual Mas s ; Sext ; None ;

Ves pers ; 8 Compline . s s s wi s b u t Gue t have no intercour e th the Monk , the Abbot calls upon them every day . The Abbot hopes that visitors will bear in mind that they o f l s s a n d a s s u wl are the guests a Re igiou Hou e , that ch they i l observe the following Time Table Rise ; 7 Mass ; Breakfast ; Dinner ; 4 After noon Tea ; Vespe rs ; 7 Supper ; 8 Compline ; 1 0 Be d .

Smoking i s allowed in the Common Room .

Laym en will oblige by givi ng a reference to s ome Priest . P ost — Arrives and departs once daily by the Steamer

s . (weather perm itt ing) . No Sunday Po t Tek gr aphi o Address Gues t Ca lde y Lighthou se (two words) . — W . . Ra ilwa Sta tion G . R y Tenby , oboa r H otel Tenb — f s fo r C g , y Dinner, bed and break a t , 5/

Guests who arrive too late to cros s to the I s lan d . The Calde y Steamer Firefly conveys Gues ts from and

s . 2 tu n . to Tenby mile ) Fare , re r , to be paid to the Captain f r s r fu f s u Application o roo m , o rther in ormation , ho ld be s o f made to the Rev . the Father Abbot , The Abbey , I le

W s . Calde S . al y, e J 1 04 J‘

he c ontrateru t of (t i p 5 . :Beueotct

The names o f Members are entered in the Register o f the Monastery they are continually remembered in the da ily suffrages before the Altar : and at their death the customary Offices are f recited on their behal . Priest-Associates are asked to celebrate the Holy Eucharist three times a year fo r the intention o f the Community : to preach s o f s f if ss v o n e on the ubject the Religiou Li e and, po ible, to gi e t f collection a year to the Community on, or about, the Feas o

S B z r st . . enedict, March

If ULE S

w s f B s o S. 1 . To ear the Cro enedict . a f 2 . To be very c re ul about the da ily examination o f conscience .

s . 3. To communicate at lea t once a month s v s o f s i 4 . To ob er e the day ab t nence appointed by the Church, and to regularly attend the celebration o f the Holy Eucharist o n

Sundays and Feast days . sa f w fo r 5 . To y the ollo ing prayer the Comm unity every Su nday f B An t . o s s w The man God, enedict, de pi ing the orld and s s w h triumphing over earthly thing , ought in ord and deed t e treasures o f the Heavenly K ingdom .

Y. The Lord loved him and adorned him .

w o f . R7. He clothed him ith a robe glory

we s 5 TIR up, O Lord, be eech Thee, in Thy Church, the s w S B pirit hich animated our holy Father aint enedict, the we w s s s Abbot ; that , being filled ith the ame pirit, may trive to w s w . u s love hat he loved , and to practi e hat he taught Gran t , 0 s s o f W o u r Lord, to per evere in the ervice Thy holy ill, that in days those who serve Thee in the Cloister may increase both in

ss s s s . m . holine and in number, through Je u Chri t our Lord A en

Our Father, etc . Glory be, etc .

Admission to the Confraternity takes place at the Chapter o f t w o f is the Communi y, hen the name the applicant entered in s o f f s the Regi ter, and the Letter Con raternity, igned by the

b is s ss . A bot, ent to the A ociate It i s not necessary fo r the candidate to be present fo r admission . B dlc t is ff f ss o f S. e n e Resignation e ected by the return o the Cro , f and Letter o f Con raternity.

at 1 0 6 at { m eal auo Gross of 5 . fi eneb tct

m eoal auo (t re ss of 5 . JBeneotct

HE fo llo wm g description will be o f interest to all who

wear the Benedictine Cross . In the angles form ed by the s mall Cross are the fou r letters which stand fo r Cru x Sancti Patris ” ” B n i e e dic t f u r B . , the Cross o o Holy Father enedict On the Cross are the letters being the initials o f Cru x Sacra Sit Mihi Lux No n Sit Draco Mihi Dux ,

i . e . s s t , May the Holy Cro be a light o me ” n o t Let the devil be a gu ide to me .

u n b e m n m to Ro d the margin , g g at the p right hand corner,

V . . are R S. Vade Retro Satana Nunquam Suade Mihi Vana Sunt Ma la Qu a Libas ” Ipse Venene Bibas . S Get thee behind me, atan , su s s t m e Never gge t vain thing o , E u s w u s ff vil are the dra ght hich tho do t o er, ” f l Drink thou thys el thy po s ons .

$ 1 0 7 ; Requ irem ent s for p ostui auts

s S o hi s f The Ro e , hamr ck , and T tle are a mili ar emblem s of

E S . ngland, Ireland, and cotland fo o f the ss i s w At the ot Cro the ord Pax , the keyword to B ’ l f f hi . s o . S enedict i e, and the motto s Order Above the central Cross is

e s s H o m i n u m S J u alvator, i f jes us the Sav ou r o men .

r s r s o f O the fir t th ee letter the Holy Nam e in Gre ek .

B the t a ils o f th s f elow are hree n e Pa s ion o o ur Saviou r . f B n On the Revers e i s the figu re o S . e edict with the Holy u in his f b a his St ff hi s a R le le t hand , and e ring a in right h nd, i s u rrou nded by Crux Sanct i Patr s Be n edi c ti . The s erpent is su ing from the cup in the upper member o f the Cros s reca lls hi s es cape from b eing poisoned by the

Monks o f Vicovaro . i s the s i c o f ss o f the On the right Dove, ymbol al the pa ing s u o f hi s w s s S . S l s a . o l t in i ter , cho a tic ’ B R r r e f is . di s e e On the le t S ene ct aven , depict d in every p e n t a ti o n o f S i w i w s e oa f s the a nt , h ch carried a ay the poi on d l at Subiaco .

Requirements for p ostulants

— h 1 . Thos e w o come to test their voc ation s s hou ld bring a baptis mal certificate and two refe ren c es from paris h cle rgy . — 2 . s o f s u e a n d if e u i e They mu t be o nd h alth , r q r d be able

to fu rni sh a c ertifi cate si gned by a medical man .

— 1 3. They mu s t be free from en gagements o f debt 0 m a r ri a e a re e f se s o f i g , and expe ct d to de ray the expen the r

novi ciate .

(the (Boot) o w{tim es of B uglauo

’ We fo r o u r - s ass a s mourn not abbey land e en p they they may . Bu t we mourn because the tyrant found a richer spoil than they s w a s de file d m o f s He ca t a ay, a thing , the reme brance the ju t ; And the relics o f our martyrs he scattered to the dust ; ’ Ye t two s s s s s s a at lea t, in their holy hrine , e caped the poiler h nd, E w S. And S. Cuthbert and d ard might alone redeem a land

s a s s s a s f And till our Lit nie a cend like incen e, be ore And still we hold the o n e full faith Nicaea taught o f yore s s And till our children , duly plunged in the bapti mal flood Of w s s s o f ater and the Holy Gho t, are born the on God And still our solemn festivals from age to a ge endure w s a s firm an d w a s And edded troth remain , edded love pure ; And many an earnest prayer ascends from many a hidden spot ’ ’ E s is E s s f And ngland Church Catholic, though ngland el be not ! England o f Saints The hour is nigh -fa r nigher may it be se e Than yet I deem, albeit that day I may not live to , W s w w hen all thy commerce, all thy art , and ealth , and po er, and f ame, Shall melt away— at thy most need— like wa x before the flame ’ Then shalt thou find thy truest strength thy martyrs prayers

: above , Then shalt thou find thy truest wealth their holy deeds o f love w f s s f And thy Church, a aking rom Her leep, come gloriou orth at

length, And in sight o f angels and o f men display Her hidden strength ’ Again shall long processions sweep through Lincoln s m inster pile ’ n s a n ss ns Agai h ll ban er, cro , and cope gleam thro the ince ed aisle ’ And the faithful dea d shall claim their part in the Church s o f th ught ul prayer, An d the daily sacrifice to God be duly offered there i s s s And t erce , and none , and matin , hall have each their holy lay

And the Angelus at compline shall sweetly close the day. E o f S s ! w w -b u t w h ngland aint the peace ill da n , not it out the fight ; So the s w — f , come conte t hen it may, and God de end the right Gom m u uitp p auoicratts

¢ om m unitp 1b anoicrafts

c hurchE m b roioerp auo v estm ents LK YE TMEN S W TH YELYET ORPHREY ED E PLAIN SI S T I , G D WITH CHURCH LACE

s Cha uble , Stole, and Maniple Bu rse and Veil Tunic o r Cope

F GURED DAMASK S LK YELYET ORPHREYS S LK L E I I , , I IN D su 1 o Cha ble , Stole, and Maniple 3 0 Burse and Veil 1 5 0 Tunic o r 4 4 o Cope 4 1 0 0

Coteline Copes from E m broidered Stoles In rich Silk Damask Black Silk Scarves u Altar Frontal and S per in Coteline, Silk Fringe from 2 1 0 O

COMPLETE SETS OF ALTAR HANGINGS ss W s r o n ta ls f Do al , ing , and F , rom 5 5 O

BANNERS W E u s f ith mbroidered Fig re , rom 5 5 0

MATER I ALS SU P PL I ED AND WORK PRE P ARED FOR WORKI N G

SO C I ET I ES .

Ri chSilk Br o ca d Ta tr i D m k l e s, pe s e s, a a s s, C othof Silv er a n d Gold .

Sam les and Em broider D esi n s sent ree on a p y g f pplica tion .

SILK REMNANTS ls s o f s s Parce containing Remnant ilk , satin , velvets , etc . fo r w 6d . . 25 . w . patch ork , etc , up ard W W OOD RK. H T R O P O OG AP HS OF CALDEY. POULTRY.

HONEY, ETC.

$ 1 1 1 9! (Beneral Jutorm atiou

(Beneral Jnform atiou In every department all correspondence should be — ss THE REV . T HE ATH R ABEOT addre ed F E , THE Y E O A W . CALDEY . ABBE , ISL F , S LES D ona tions a nd Su bscripti ons to the Monastery s hould be “ ” “ ” Ca lde B marked General Fund , y Abbey uilding Fund , etc . , etc . , and be made payable to - D O M AE LRE D AR Y . E . O S. C L LE , Books fo r u the Library are gladly received . A list sho ld be s f s f o a ent to the Abbot be ore book are orwarded , s s to avoid du plicates . Leafl ets sent free on applica tion — A Benedicti ne Reviva l i n the r h o En la nd hu c . . C W . S o f f g , by the Rev R hepherd , Rector

K P Ax . 1 Cora m D om ino irby Underdale , York ( V , p 74

P AX . 1 8 s u s f ( V , p 4 Gue t Ho e Prospectu s ; Price List o

s s . : Inten tions a t the H ou rs se e 8 Ve tment , etc ( page 7) s 1 d f r Interce sion Forms ( . o postage) . Rai lwa t i n — S a t o W . R. O . y Tenby , Com m u nica tion withTenb s w y mile ) Daily , eather per h t e Ca ld e S . 2 u mitting, by y teamer, Firefly Fare, / ret rn , to be paid to the Captain . P erm ission u se o r o n s to the Steamer, to land the I land , s f s s s w mu t be obtained rom the Abbot , and vi itor will be he n i f what s O interest by the Gu est Master . P osta l Addr ess — u s u s s o f The Abbey (or the G e t Ho e) , I le

ld . W Ca e S s . y, ale — - s P ost Ofi ce Ca lde y Su b o ffi c e u nder Tenby . Postal Order ;

s o f s . o f Regi tration Letter , etc Acceptance Inland , Foreign , and Colonial Parcels ; Acceptance o f Express Letters and ” s Su s . Parcel ; Mail according to tide , by Firefly ; no nday Po t T elegr aphic Address Abbot Ca ld e y -Lighthous e (two words) . Cobonr H otel Tenb — f s fo r g , y Dinner, bed, and break a t , 5/

Guests to the Abbey arriving too late to cross to the I sland .

jform of JBequest I g iv e t o the E n gli sh Co n g r e g a ti o n o f the s t r ict Ob s e rv a n c e o f the Be n i m l l d the B e n e dict in e Co m m u n it H o ly R u le o f S . e d ét c o m o n y c a l e y n o w o f the sle o f Cald e So u thWale s a n d fo r m e rl r e s id in a t I y, y g P a i n s tho rp e Ab b e y i n the P a r i sh o f K i r b y U n d e r d a le i n the C o u n ty o f Yo rk the s u m o f fr e e o f d u ty t o b e a ppli c a b le fo r the g e n e r a l p u rp o s e s o r fo r a n y sp e c i al wo r k o f the s a id C o m m u n ity fl nb 3 Declare t ha t t he r e c e ip t o f t he Su p e r i o r fo r the t im e b e i n g o f

s a id C o m m u n ity shall b e a s u ffi c i e n t d i sc ha r ge fo r t he s a m e .

311 ®m nib us (Blorificetur Eeus

R WB ND L I E S XF A. . A CO . TD MO RAY . , CHURCH PR NT R , O ORD