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UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI Date:___________________August 12, 2008 I, _________________________________________________________,Heather Farrell-Lipp hereby submit this work as part of the requirements for the degree of: Master in Architecture in: The School of Architecture and Interior Design It is entitled: Strategies between old and new: adaptive use of an industrial building This work and its defense approved by: Chair: _______________________________Michael McInturf _______________________________Jeffery Tilman _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ Strategies between Old and New: Adaptive Use of an Industrial Building A thesis submitted to the Division of Research and Advanced Studies of the University of Cincinnati for partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Architecture In the School of Architecture and Interior Design August 12 2008 By Heather Farrell-Lipp Thesis committee: Michael McInturf, Jeffery Tilman Abstract ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄ In the complex, fast-paced environment of this country, we have often disposed of building stock that could have been potentially adapted to meet our changing needs leaving environments with no connection to the past or local identity. This haphazard way of approaching our environment takes no advantage of our ability as sentient beings to truly engage in eloquent, sustainable combinations of the old and new. Through engaging the question of what we truly value in this country and how that can be defined through architectural quality, we look at a series of case studies that have successfully expressed a combination between the old and the new. This thesis defines some guiding principles inherent in successful resolutions. It does not give specified stylistic requirements but rather suggests that the old be fully understood, respected and engaged as part of a final combination with a clear hierarchy culminating in a unified expression. This set of principles will then be employed in the adaptive reuse of an abandoned industrial building into a contemporary mixed-use facility. The expressive dialogue between the old and the new is potentially the architectural expression of a new sustainable age. iii iv Special thanks to… Aarati Kanekar Gordon Simmons Udo Greinacher v Table of Contents ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄ Introduction 1-10 Time and place 2 Our contemporary environment 3 Chapter summery 6 Chapter One: Conservation 11-28 The History of American Conservation Developing & Defining Values 13 Timeline of Developing American Conservation Values 27 Chapter Two: Synergy of Addition 29-35 Chapter Three: 20th Century Combined Works 36 Maison de Verre 40 Allen Memorial Art Museum 43 The Hubertus House 46 The Lyon Opera house 50 Representational Architecture of Imitation: Celebration 53 Sculptural Representation: Eero Saarinen’s TWA Terminal 55 Deconstructivism: Fred and Ginger 57 Abstract Expressionism: Falkestrasse 6 60 Chapter Four: Adaptive Reuse of Industrial Buildings 63-81 Adaptive Reuse of Industrial Buildings 64 The Social Costs of Vacant Properties 66 Additive Reuse and Development Strategies 68 Adapted Industrial :The Tate Modern Museum 71 Adapted Industrial :Torpedohallen Torpedo Hall Apartments 74 Adapted Industrial: Sibelius Hall 78 Chapter Five: Design Phase 82-103 Chapter Six: The History & Evolution of the Jackson Brewery Complex 86 Introduction 87 The Making of Beer in Cincinnati: German &English 89 The Jackson today 103 Chapter Six: The History & Evolution of the Jackson Brewery Complex 86 Introduction 87 The Making of Beer in Cincinnati: German &English 89 The Jackson today 103 Thesis Design 104-133 vi List of Images ▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄ Marcel Breuer’s proposal for Grand Central Station P26 From: The Architecture of Additions: Design and Regulation A detail of Frank Lloyd Wright's home in Oak Park, Illinois. P39 From <commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Oak_Park,_Illinois> The Piazza d'Italia by Charles Moore, New Orleans 1976 – 1979 P39 From: < http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/george/material.html> Maison de Verre, Pierre Chareau’s addition at 31, Rue Saint-Guillaume, Paris, Farnce1928 P43 From: The Architecture of Additions: Design and Regulation Maison de Verre pre-addition and Pierre Chareau’s 1928 addition P44 From: The Architecture of Additions: Design and Regulation Diagram of Maison de Verre, Pierre Chareau’s addition at 31, Rue Saint-Guillaume, Paris, Farnce1928 P44 Drawn by Heather Farrell-Lipp 1917 Cass Gilbert museum and the 1977 Robert Venturi and John Rauch addition; including the gallery P46 building and the artist studio wings From: The Architecture of Additions: Design and Regulation Cass Gilbert museum Venturi addition Connection detail P46 From: The Architecture of Additions: Design and Regulation Diagram of decorative hierarchy at the Cass Gilbert Museum P48 Drawn by Heather Farrell-Lipp The Hubertus House by Aldo Van Eyck’s addition P49 From The Architecture of Additions: Design and Regulation The Hubertus House Plan P51 By Heather Farrell-Lipp Diagram of the Hubertus House elevation patterning the new P51 By Heather Farrell-Lipp 1830 Lyon Opera house designed by A.M. Chenavard and J.M. Pullet’s P53 From: The Architecture of Additions: Design and Regulation The Lyon Opera house after Jean Nouvel’s addition P53 From: The Architecture of Additions: Design and Regulation Lyon Opera House designed by Jean Nouvel, seen at night P55 From: The Architecture of Additions: Design and Regulation Diagram showing geometric forms P55 Drawn by Heather Farrell-Lipp Downtown Celebration, Florida P57 From: < http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celebration,_Florida> Eero Saarinen’s TWA Terminal building as a bird in flight P58 Image taken by Ezra Stoller and found on line at the AIArchitect vii The Milk Bottle Diner in Spokane WA P58 From: PreservationDirectory.com “Spokane WA: Historic Photo Gallery” Gehry’s design for the Dancing house in Prague (Fred and Ginger) P59 From: The Architecture of Additions: Design and Regulation Dancing House context (crashing the party) From: The Architecture of Additions: Design and Regulation P61 The sketch “Angle of Built Death” by Coop Himmelblau –for Falkestrasse 6. P62 From: The Architecture of Additions: Design and Regulation Image of Coop Himmelblau penthouse addition at Falkestrasse 6 P62 From: The Architecture of Additions: Design and Regulation The Baroque interior of the Augustinian Monastery Church in Mainz. P64 From: < http://graymonk.mu.nu/archives/2005/09/> The adapted Tate Modern Museum in London, 2000 P73 From: http://arts.kypros.com/art_links1.htm & http://www.gerrieelfrink.sp.nl/weblog/category/boekfilmkunstzo/page/2/ Sections of Tate Modern P74 From: Details of the Tate Modern P75 From: http://www.gerrieelfrink.sp.nl/weblog/category/boekfilmkunstzo/page/2/ Torpedohallen (torpedo apartments) Copenhagen Denmark P76 Photo by Heather Farrell-Lipp Torpedohallen (torpedo apartments) Copenhagen Denmark sections and plan P77 From: Torpedohallen (torpedo apartments) Copenhagen Denmark design models showing individual bays. P78 From: Torpedohallen (torpedo apartments) Copenhagen Denmark interior promenade. P79 From: Torpedohallen (torpedo apartments) Copenhagen Denmark image of water entry. P79 Interior of The Forest hall From: Torpedohallen (torpedo apartments) Copenhagen Denmark from the water. P80 From: Sibelius Hall From Lake Vesijärvi P81 From: View from the interior of Sibelius Hall looking toward new addition. P81 From: Image from computer model of Sibelius hall P82 From: Image of Forest hall P82 From: viii Image of Forest hall P83 From: Sibelius hall as seen from the street P83 From: Image of early brewery structure P89 From: Buildings and Beer: Brewery architecture in Cincinnati Lithograph showing early brewing process P89 The Cincinnati Brewing industry: social and economic history Marketing Image of the Jackson brewery complex during the ownership of Weber (pictured twice) P91 Courtesy of The Cincinnati Historical society The Park Brewery P92 From: Buildings and Beer: Brewery architecture in Cincinnati Existing Façade P93 Photo by Heather Farrell-Lipp Detail of brickwork at the Jackson brewery P93 Courtesy of Denny Dellinger Park Brewery Front and Back P94 From: Buildings and Beer: Brewery architecture in Cincinnati Print showing lager vault construction P94 From: Buildings and Beer: Brewery architecture in Cincinnati Section drawn by Fred W. Wolfs drawing for the Wiedemann Brewery Co. P96 From: Buildings and Beer: Brewery architecture in Cincinnati Diagram of Façade symmetry P97 Drawn by Heather Farrell-Lipp Partial Diagram of Façade P97 Drawn by Heather Farrell-Lipp Ice Machine at The Fitger’s Brewing Co. Minnesota P87 From: www.Fitgers.com/History Marketing Image of the Jackson brewery complex during the ownership of Weber P100 Courtesy The Cincinnati Historical society Asymmetry of the eastern end of the front façade P100 Photo by Heather Farrell-Lipp Marketing Image of the Jackson brewery complex during the ownership of Weber & a later Marketing image P111 showing new construction. Courtesy of The Cincinnati Historical Society Marketing Image of the Jackson brewery complex during the ownership of Weber (Malt house) P111 Courtesy of The Cincinnati Historical Society Images of Complex taken in 1933 P113 Courtesy of