Tech-3 Guthrie Katie Sara Ke.Pdf
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
A study on the Guthrie Theater Guthrie Theater | Jean Nouvel Technical Research Study Conducted by Katie Loechen, Ke Zhoa, and Sara Marquardt Arch 5565 | Fall 2014 BIOGRAPHY was created, JND has developed over 100 design objects and Atliers had designed over 200 projects. The main office is located in Paris, and is one of the largest architectural firms in France. Nouvel was born in France in 1948 after the war, and grew up in a mileu of structuralists. he inherited a love of learning and exploration from INFLUENCE | POSITION GLOBALLY his parents, both teachers. At an early age he wanted to be an artist, but his parents insisted he take a more practical path. There an interest in Nouvel has been a key participant in intellectual debates in France since the early part of his career. In 1976, Nouvel architecture was born, originally as a compromise. and Marin Robain cofounded the Mars 1976, a movement aimed at promoting the inhabitants’ participation to the conception of their living environment. Additionally, he founded the French labor union for architects in 1977, called Rendering of National Art Museum of China (2014) After a year of preparation, Nouvel failed the entry exam for the Syndicat de l’Architecture. architecture in Bordeaux. A year later, he retook the test for the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and came in first. His time at the École des Beaux- Nouvel’s first big break into the international architecture community did not come until 1987. In that year, the Arts proved to be a poor fit for Nouvel’s philosophy in architeccture. Institute of the Arab World (IMA) was completed. The building received a lot of press for its technological innovations He openly distains the school for glorifying beautiful drawing of details in aperature-like panels responding to light; it won the Aga Khan Award for architectural excellence in 1989. over research and critique. His thesis prompt was to submit a design for a children’s library; Nouvel turned in a written analysis of drawings that Since 2000, Nouvel has been fortunate to win a string of awards. These include the Golden Lion from the Venice children throughout France had drawn when asked what a library looks Biennale (2000), a Royal Gold Medal from the Royal Institute of British Architects (2001), and the Praemium Imperiale like. His thesis was rejected. When he was asked to study skycraperes (2001), and, most notably, the Pritzker Prize in 2008. of the International Style, he instead researched mobile towers that had been used as attack castles in the Middle Ages. This was, unsurprisingly, TECHNOLOGY also rejected. Rendering and model of Signal Tower (2008) Nouvel is continually looking to develop buildings that are relevant for contemporary society, not nostaligic of their He supplemented his academic studies more historic surroundings. This relevance is often achieved through a high degree of high-end technology that is by working for an archtiectural firm called integrated to his buildings. Each building is specfically generated, so it is difficult to trace his research development Architecture Principe. This firm was formed in terms of technology. As Nouvel stated to Arch Daily, “My interest has always been in an architecture which reflects by modernist architect, Claude Parent and the modernity of our epoch as opposed to the rethinking of historical references. My work deals with what is the urban theorist, Paul Virilio. After a year, happening now—our techniques and materials, what we are capable of doing today.” (3) Parent and Virilio had already designated him as project manager in charge of a large As a whole, Atlier is articulate about bringing art, history, and cultural references into partnership with new building apartment complex. Nouvel admits, “I knew technologies. Digital modeling and BIM softwares are currently utilzied in their practice. Nouvel is attracted to Institute of the Arab World (1987) nothing, and the construction manager conceptualizing an idea first as a pure form then perverting it through reflection, transparency, directed light, understood I knew nothing.” Nevertheless, concealed structural systems, and mirage. Studies by Architecture Principe he learned quickly. Soon, Parent encouraged (1968) Nouvel to go out on his own. His classic building, IMA, is an excellent example to look at in how Nouvel incorporates technology. In IMA, he utilizes an advanced responsive metallic brise soleil on the south façade. The systems uses several hundred light Nouvel had a series of partnerships in the early part of his career. sensitive diaphrams that control the amount of light that enters the building. As the diaphram changes chape, After completing his course at age 25, he soon started working in geometric patter is formed that show off light and voice. This lattice system is both beautiful and functional in being partnership with François Seigneur. Between 1972 and 1984, he had 3 able to mitigate soloar gain. “What I like is the different partnerships with Lezen Gilbert, Jean-François Guyot, and Pierre poétique of the Soria. In 1985, he formed the Jean Nouvel et Associés in 1988 and the JNec. His office current office, Ateliers Jean Nouvel, was formed in 1994 situation. I am a with Michel Pélissié. hedonist, and I want to Then, a year after founding Ateliers, Nouvel founded Jean Nouvel Design as a compliment to the architectural practice already in place at Atlier. give pleasure to other Jean Nouvel Design is a multidisciplinary team that works within furniture people.” design, interior design, scenography, and visual communications. Since it WHAT HAVE THEY BUILT 1987 – Nemausus 1 (Housing, 114 apartments), Nîmes, France 1987 – Arab World Institute, Paris, France 1994 – Fondation Cartier pour l’Art Contemporain Paris, France 1995 – Euralille, (Retail / Office / Housing), Lille, France 2000 – Culture and Convention Center Lucerne, Switzerland 2000 – Palais de Justice (Nantes), Nantes, France 2001 – Golden Angel (Zlatý Anděl), Prague, Czech Republic 2002 – Monolith of Expo.02, Murten, Switzerland 2003 – Torre Agbar (Office), Barcelona, Spain 2004 – Museum Two, Leeum, Samsung Museum of Art, Seoul, South Korea 2005 – Reina Sofía Museum expansion, Madrid, Spain 2006 – Musée du quai Branly, Paris, France 2006 – Guthrie Theater, Minneapolis, MN, USA 2009 – Copenhagen Concert Hall, Copenhagen, Denmark 2010 – 100 Eleventh Avenue, Manhattan, NY, USA. 2010 – Serpentine Gallery temporary pavilion, London 2010 – One New Change, London 2011 – Tower 25 in Nicosia 2012 – Doha 9 skyscraper, Doha, Qatar 2012 – City Hall, Montpellier DESIGN PROCESS “He prefers to dream up his concepts away from the office: either in bed in the mornings or, even better, in the South of France during the summer, when he heads to St. Paul de Vence, a village near Nice, to swim, to incubate his ideas in tranquility and to meet periodically with colleagues or clients who fly down. “He is a really hard worker, but he has a way to organize people with his life,” says his friend Patrick Seguin, who owns a leading Paris gallery of mid-20th-century furniture. “Probably half his business is done around the table. If he works 14 hours a day, it is seven hours at the table.” “EVERY JEAN NOUVEL BUILDING tells a story. Typically, architects begin the design process with a sketch pad or scale models, but Nouvel starts with an idea he can express in words. “Everyone is a product of his epoch,” he told me recently. “For me, I was born in France after the war; I was in the milieu of Structuralist thinkers. If I don’t have a good analysis of something, I am lost.” Once Nouvel examines his given conditions and decides that the best architectural solution is, say, a skyscraper without visible base and summit, or a mechanized geometric facade that casts filigreed shadows, he can get going. But to this cerebral process he appends a counterweight: the sensuous love of the material components of a building. “What I like is the poétique of the situation,” “ ARCHITECTURAL POSITION OF THE surroundings.... It is responsive to the city FIRM: and the nearby Mississippi River, and yet, it is also an expression of theatricality and Nouvel insists that he is not a designer, the magical world of performance.” (NY but rather, an architect who makes design. Times) Every project is envisioned as a complete design progarm, be it at the scale of a With the Guthrie, Full-storey glazing chair or at the scale of a building. Nouvel of tinted glass is connected by spider- CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE states, “For every challenge posed, I seek connections and stabilized by glass 2003 May: Minnesota legislature approved $25 the ‘elementary’ object whose finished fins. This glass facade is used to create million in state bonding bill “If ever a building deserved to be called sexy-ugly, it’s this one.” form corresponds to an idea. It’s always the illusion of the bridge leading to the a fitting and unique answer that bears Christopher Hawthorne, LA Times 2003 June: Breaking ground sky. witness, culturally and technically, to our times and to our civilization.” (2) Within the design it is clear that Nouvell prioritized the experience PROJECT TEAM Additionally, Nouvel sees everything as of the user. The way a person moves 2003 Oct. Drilling of caissons begins Client: Guthrie Theater theatrical. He worked for a period of time through space and what they see is Architect: Atlier Jean Nouvel as a scenographer, and incorporates this carefully calculated. Nouvel prioritizes Local Architect: Architectural Alliance thinking into his practice. As he stated circulation as well as the structure to in an interview publieshed in El Croquis, Principal: Tom DeAngelo, FAIA support these spaces and how they “Scenography is the relationship between Project Manager: Bob Zakaras, AIA function. Conversely, through analysis objects and matter that we want to Advisor to Jean Nouvel: Hubert Tonka of mechanical systems, it is clear 2003.